auf#01 – Macht und Mitsprache

7/23/2019 auf#01 Macht und Mitsprache

1/88

>0->6 Vmkk gm Emlrlmgt zur Egk`mrlmgt wgr`Vmcjlm Hiksmqumkzmk lot òs kmfotgvmZtgeefmwgjlt ar `gm îcgtgh9

>7 @mr ]ktmrfokf ge ZgcbmrsmmVorue fmlt me Huksteusghbmtrgmb mrKojlwujls ous9

?>-?? Qmr`rkfmk, Qmr`mjhmk uk` QmrsjlwmgfmkVgm fmlt `gm Hcossgh egt `meûbcghues-sjlwuk` ue9

?2-?= @mr cokfm Zjlottmk `mr ZtosgVmslocb gst Qmrtroumkshopgtoc ar `gmVgrtsjloat si wgjltgf9

?1-?7 Vgm wmkgf wgr bmr Vgrtsjloat wgssmkVmcjlm Aicfmk lot `gms ar `mk Hiksuemktmk9

2>-2: aakmt `gm @otmk-Bmstk`m!Vgm hkkmk emlr oetcgjlm Gkaireotgikmk`mk Brfmrk lmcamk9

20-26 Vgm @mutsjlcok`s kjlstm]ktmrkmlemrfmkmrotgik mkhtVos loctmk Agremkkojlaicfmr vik Vmrtmk,Bgcùkf, Horrgmrm uk` fmsmccsjloatcgjlmeMkfofmemkt9

2-:: @gm Qmremssukf vik Zizgocuktmrkmlemkgk @mutsjlcok` Vmslocb biiemk Fmsjlatsei`mccm ilkmFmwgkkobsgjlt9

:0-:6 Qik Eorhmk uk` Eokofmrk,Fitt uk` Fmemgk`mrtmk

Virbmr airsjlmk Ztu`gmrmk`m9

:7-2>??Eojltuk`

Egtsprojlm

Em`gue ar Twgsjlmkarofmk`mr Tmppmcgk ]kgvmrsgtt

7 662?72 676>>1

> ?

O]ZFOBM#>?GZZK 2?72-6767

@M]PZJLCOK@ 1 M]R

ZJLVMGT < JLA

M]RIÔ < M]R


2/88

Em`guearTwgsjlmkarofmk`mrTmppmcgk]kgvmrsgtt

7662?72676>>1

>?

O]ZFOBM#>?

GZZK2?72-6767

@M]PZJLCOK@1M]R

ZJLVMGT


3/88

>0->6 Vmkk gm Emlrlmgt zur Egk`mrlmgt wgr`Vmcjlm Hiksmqumkzmk lot òs kmfotgvmZtgeefmwgjlt ar `gm îcgtgh9

>7 @mr ]ktmrfokf ge ZgcbmrsmmVorue fmlt me Huksteusghbmtrgmb mrKojlwujls ous9

?>-?? Qmr`rkfmk, Qmr`mjhmk uk` QmrsjlwmgfmkVgm fmlt `gm Hcossgh egt `meûbcghues-sjlwuk` ue9

?2-?= @mr cokfm Zjlottmk `mr ZtosgVmslocb gst Qmrtroumkshopgtoc ar `gmVgrtsjloat si wgjltgf9

?1-?7 Vgm wmkgf wgr bmr Vgrtsjloat wgssmkVmcjlm Aicfmk lot `gms ar `mk Hiksuemktmk9

2>-2: aakmt `gm @otmk-Bmstk`m!Vgm hkkmk emlr oetcgjlm Gkaireotgikmk`mk Brfmrk lmcamk9

20-26 Vgm @mutsjlcok`s kjlstm]ktmrkmlemrfmkmrotgik mkhtVos loctmk Agremkkojlaicfmr vik Vmrtmk,Bgcùkf, Horrgmrm uk` fmsmccsjloatcgjlmeMkfofmemkt9

2-:: @gm Qmremssukf vik Zizgocuktmrkmlemkgk @mutsjlcok` Vmslocb biiemk Fmsjlatsei`mccm ilkmFmwgkkobsgjlt9

:0-:6 Qik Eorhmk uk` Eokofmrk,Fitt uk` Fmemgk`mrtmk

Virbmr airsjlmk Ztu`gmrmk`m9

:7-2>??Eojltuk`

Egtsprojlm


4/88

0

Vmkk `gmEmlrlmgt zurEgk`mrlmgt wgr`Vmcjlm Hiksmqumkzmk lot `os kmfotgvm Ztgeefmwgjlt ar `gm ^icgtgh9


5/88

YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Diojlge Bmlkhm4 Vmcjlm Hiksm-qumkzmk sicctm `gm îcgtgh ous `mk Airsjlukfsmrfmb-

kgssmk zgmlmk9 Zgm sicctm mk`cgjl cmrkmk, òs Rgsghimgkms Emlrlmgtswmjlsmcs ouafruk` vik bmrlokf-eokòtmk, òs zu mrlmbcgjlmk Cmfgtgeotgikspribcmemkalrmk wr`m, kgjlt emlr zu uktmrsjltzmk uk` zuvmrlorecismk.

Bgs zue Dukg 2>?? lottm òs Buk`msvmraossukfsfmrgjltgk smgkme ]rtmgc zue sifmkokktmk kmfotgvmk Ztgee-fmwgjlt `mr îcgtgh ouafmtrofmk, `gmsms zu hirrgfgmrmk.Fruk`4 @o ms smgkmr Oksgjlt kojl bmg Volcmk zu wgcc-hrcgjlmk Mrfmbkgssmk alrm uk` wg`mrsgkkgf smg. @gmîcgtgh cgm occmr`gkfs `gm fmsmtztm Argst vmrstrmgjlmk.Mbmkaoccs ous `mr Zgjlt vik Vgssmksjloatcmrk wgm T]-^riamssir @r. Diojlge Bmlkhm bmstmlt `gm Kitwmk`gf-hmgt mgkmr Rmaire `ms Volcrmjlts, òegt ms zu hmgkmrQmracsjlukf `ms Vlcmrwgccmks hieet.

Bmge kmfotgvmk Ztgeefmwgjlt lok`mct ms sgjl ue

`mk Maamht, òss mgkm ôrtmg emlr Zgtzm mrloctmk hokk,wmkk sgm wmkgfmr Ztgeemk mrlct uk` uefmhmlrt.]rsojlm ar `mk Maamht sgk` `gm bmrlokfeokòtm.@mkk mr Maamht ms kmfotgvmk Ztgeefmwgjlts k`mtoua mr Mbmkm mr sifmkokktmk ]ktmrvmrtmgcukf stott,wmkk `gm Eokòtm, `gm mgkmr ôrtmg buk`mswmgt gks-fmsoet zustmlmk, oua `gm mgkzmckmk Cok`mscgstmk vmr-tmgct wmr`mk. Vmkk kuk mgkm ortmg gk mgkme Buk`ms-cok`, gk `me sgm bmrlokfeokòtm mrlct, mtwoswmkgfmr Ztgeemk fmlobt lttm, okk lttm gms zurAicfm, òss gk `mr gktmrkmk Qmrtmgcukf mgk Zgtz zueBmgspgmc vik Bo`mk-Vrttmebmrf kojl Kgm`mrsojl-

smk wok`mrt. @o obmr wmfmk `mr bmrlokfeokòtm`gm ortmg gk Bo`mk-Vrttmebmrf hmgkmk Zgtz wmkgfmrmrlct, bmhieet sgm gksfmsoet sifor mgkmk Zgtz emlr,ibwilc sgm gksfmsoet wmkgfmr Ztgeemk mrloctmk lot.

@mr Maamht `ms kmfotgvmk Ztgeefmwgjlts trgttocsi ocs Aicfm ms ]estok`s oua, oss bmrlokfeok-òtm kgjlt ùrjl mktsprmjlmk`m Twmgtstgeemkhik-tgkfmktm obfm`mjht sgk`. Mgkm Rmaire ms Volcfmsmt-zms, `gm òs ^ribcme `ms kmfotgvmk Ztgeefmwgjltsok `mr Vurzmc okpojhmk uk` oua `gmsm Vmgsm bmsmgtg-fmk ejltm, euss olmr cifgsjlmrwmgsm bmg mk bmr-lokfeokòtmk oksmtzmk.

Vorue bmstmlt Lok`cukfsbmòra9

@mk Bmfrgaa `mr bmrlokfeokòtm hokktmk vir wm-kgfmk Dolrmk kur picgtgsjlm Gksg`mr. @ijl smgt`me sgjlge Buk`mstof wgm oujl gk `mk Cok`tofmk geemrstrhmr Aka-ôrtmgmk-ôrcoemktm mtobcgmrt lobmk, gstmr zukmlemk` gks Bcgjhamc` `mr aamktcgjlhmgt fm-rjht. @mkk bmrlokfeokòtm sgk` zu mgkme ^rib-cme fmwir`mk. bmrlokfeokòtm hkkmk zukml-emk` òrbmr mktsjlmg`mk, wmcjlm Bk`kgssm gk `mkôrcoemktmk gm Emlrlmgt stmccmk ukoblkfgf viemgfmktcgjlmk Vlcmrwgccmk uk` Volcousfokf.

@okh bmrlokfeokòtmk hkkmk Egk`mrlmg-tmk zur Emlrlmgt wmr`mk uk` Emlrlmgtmk gk gm Egk-`mrlmgt fmrotmk. ]koblkfgf vik `me ]rtmgcssprujlzue kmfotgvmk Ztgeefmwgjlt gst òlmr mgkm Rmaire`ms Volcfmsmtzms kitwmk`gf, gm os wmsmktcgjl fr-mrm uk` sjlwmrwgmfmk`m ^ribcme `mr bmrlokf-eokòtm gks Qgsgmr kgeet. Tu`me fgbt ms kijl mgkQmraossukfsfmrgjltsurtmgc ous `me Dolr ?776, gk `meòs Buk`msvmraossukfsfmrgjlt sjlik mrhokkt lottm,òss mgk Lok`cukfsouatrof ok òs ôrcoemkt bm-stk`m, wmkk `gm bmrlokfeokòtm rmfmcegf gkfrmrmr Tolc ouatrtmk. @o fmkou `gms gkzwgsjlmk`mr Aocc gst, lct `gmsm Rmaire oujl Diojlge Bmlkhm,Gklobmr `ms Cmlrstulcs ar îcgtghwgssmksjloat, ar`rgkfmk` o kfmrotmk.


6/88

1

YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Diojlge Bmlkhm4 Vmcjlmfmfmktmgcgfmk Emgkukfmk i`mr Ztu`gmk zu `gmsme

Plmeo hmkkmk Zgm9 Kotrcgjl gmdmkgfmk mr icgtghmr,`mrmk Gktmrmssmk mgkm Obsjloaaukf `mr bmrlokf-eok`otm mktfmfmkstmlmk, ocsi z. B. vik Qichmr Hou`mri`mr Fktmr Hrgkfs (bmg`m J@]).

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm @orstmccukf mr Ztu`gm agk`mt sgjl gk4Bmlkhm, Diojlge (2>??)4 Fruk`stzcgjlms zur Volc-rmaire`mbottm. Gk4 Ous ^icgtgh uk` Tmgtfmsjlgjltm,Lmat 2>??/0, ?0-2?

Diojlge Bmlkhm
http://www.zu.de/mehr/joachim-behnkehttp://www.zu.de/mehr/joachim-behnkehttp://www.zu.de/mehr/joachim-behnkehttp://www.zu.de/mehr/joachim-behnke


7/88

Ziem ymors ofi tlm tmre wos ikcy hkiwk ti picgtgjoc gk-sg`mrs4 si-joccm` bmrlokfeokòtm (ivmrlokf smots,g.m. jikstgtumkjy smots wlgjl o porty ibtogks ivmr okòbivm tlm smots ti wlgjl gt gs mktgtcm` ik tlm bosgs ia tlmsmjik` vitms jost air gt). Wmt, sgkjm vm-porty porcgoemktslovm gkjrmosgkfcy mstobcgslm` tlmesmcvms bitl ik tlm am-

`mroc ok` tlm gk`gvgùoc stotm cmvmc, gt los eivm` eirmok` eirm gkti tlm aijus ia tlm pubcgj. Air ivmrlokf smotslovm bmjiem o pribcme. Ivmrlokf smots jok gkjrmosgkfcy`mtmregkm wlgjl jiocgtgiks wgcc aire tlm eodirgty gk tlmporcgoemkts gk`mpmk`mkt ia tlm rmoc gktmktgik ia tlmvitmrs ok` tlm iutjiem ia tlm mcmjtgik. @um ti ivmrlokfsmots egkirgtgms jok bmjiem eodirgtgms ok` eodirgtgmsjok k` tlmesmcvms gk tlm egkirgty. O sgtuotgik tlot tlmAm`mroc Jikstgtutgikoc Jiurt rmqumstm` ti bm picgtgjoccyrmairem` by Dukm 2>?? o `mo`cgkm tlot picgtgjs cmt poss.

Ok` oatmr ymors ia rmsmorjl ocsi ^riamssir @r DiojlgeBmlkhm, wli lic`s tlm Jlogr air îcgtgjoc Zjgmkjm, strikfcyrmjieemk`s o rmaire.

Vgm mktstmlmk bmrlokfeokòtm9

bmrlokfeokòtm mktstmlmk gksbmsik`mrm òkk,wmkk mgkm ôrtmg egt wmkgfmr ocs => ^rizmkt `mrTwmgtstgeemk gk mgkme Buk`mscok` okklmrk` occm@grmhteokòtm gk `gmsme Buk`mscok` fmwgkkmkhokk, mrcutmrt Bmlkhm. @os bm`mutmt4 Zgm mrlct urjl`gm fmwikkmkmk @grmhteokòtm emlr Zgtzm ge orco-emkt, ocs glkmk cout Twmgtstgeemkmrfmbkgs mgfmktcgjlzustk`mk. Bmg `mr cmtztmk Buk`mstofswolc ge Zmp-tmebmr 2>>7 lttm `gms bmgkolm zu mgkme fritmshmkMrfmbkgs fmalrt4 J@]/JZ] uk` A@^ lttm ouafruk``mr bmrlokfeokòtm mgk Mrfmbkgs vik fmro`m mgk-eoc 0= ^rizmkt `mr Ztgeemk zue Volcsgmf fmrmgjlt.

Obmr oujl si alrtm òs Volcmrfmbkgs zu mgkmr kgmòfmwmsmk Acut vik bmrlokfeokòtmk4 Ms fob `mkRmhir`wmrt vik 20 bmrlokfeokòtmk, 2? ovik ar`gm J@] uk` rmg ar gm JZ]. Bmlkhm4 bmrlokfeok-òtm sgk` ocsi emlr mkk dm prsmkt ocs Bmfcmgtplki-emk vik Buk`mstofswolcmk egt aicfmksjlwmrmkHiksmqumkzmk.

Qgmcm smlmk òrgk `gm Efcgjlhmgt `mr Qmrac-sjlukf `ms mgfmktcgjlmk Vlcmrwgccmks. ]k` mgkmkOkcoss zur Volcrmjltsrmaire, wgm oujl DiojlgeBmlkhm emgkt. Gk `mr @mbottm bmr mgkm okstmlmk`mVolcrmjltsaire lttmk sgjl cout Bmlkhm bgslmr `rmg

Fruk`viroussmtzukfmk lmroushrgstoccgsgmrt4Y @os Volcsystme `mr Buk`msrmpubcgh lot sgjl gk

1> Dolrmk bmwlrt uk` sicctm òlmr si wmgtfmlmk`wgm efcgjl bmgbmloctmk wmr`mk.

Y @os Volcsystme `mr Buk`msrmpubcgh gst mgk Qmrlct-kgswolcsystme uk` hmgk Egsjlwolcsystme.

Y Mgk Zystmewmjlsmc `ms Volcsystmes zu mgkmeEmlrlmgtswolcsystmes (wgm bmgspgmcswmgsm gk Mkf-cok`) i`mr mgkme Frobmkwolcsystme (gk `me wgmgk Ck`mrk Osgmks uk` Oarghos emlrmrm Volcvmr-aolrmk kmbmkmgkok`mr uk` ilkm Qmrrmjlkukf egt-mgkok`mr okfmwok`t wmr`mk) wrm picgtgsjl houeùrjlsmtzbor uk` wr`m vmreutcgjl oujl bmg mgkmebmrwctgfmk`mk Pmgc `mr Brfmr hmgkm Ohzmptokzk`mk.

Bmlkhm hieet vir `gmsme Lgktmrfruk` oua vgmr

Csukfsefcgjlhmgtmk4

Y @gm Qmrrmjlkukf mktstmlmk`mr bmrlokfeokòtmegt Cgstmkeokòtmk `mrsmcbmk ôrtmgmk gk ok`mrmkBuk`msck`mrk.

Y @gm Kmutrocgsgmrukf `mr bmrlokfeokòtm ùrjlOusfcmgjlseokòtm.

Y @gm Qmrrgkfmrukf ms Oktmgcs mr @grmhteokòtm okoccmk Eokòtmk.

Y @gm Mgkalrukf vik Emlreokkwolchrmgsmk (ocsisicjlm, gk `mkmk emlrmrm Bmwmrbmr mgk @grmhteok-òt fmwgkkmk hkkmk).

Bmlkhm gst sgjl òbmg ge Hcormk4 Hmgkm `gmsmr Csuk-

fmk gst g`moc, obmr dm`m gst `mr Bmgbmloctukf `mr bmr-lokfeokòtm uk` `ms oegt vmrbuk`mkmk meihro-tgm-tlmirmtgsjlmk Rgsghis mgkmr kgjlt cmfgtgegmrtmkEmlrlmgt uk` Rmfgmrukf virzuzgmlmk. ]k`4 Hmgkm`gmsmr Eokolemk wmr`m sgjl ùrjlsmtzmk cossmk,ilkm bmstgeetmk Gktmrmssmk zu sjlo`mk dm`m gmsmrk`mrukfmk wmr`m egt mktsprmjlmk`mk ^ritmstmkrmjlkmk essmk. @mkkijl hieem `gm îcgtgh uemgkm Rmaire kgjlt lmrue4 Vmr dmtzt `gmsm Ousmgkok-`mrsmtzukf sjlmut, wgr` sgjl ar lmr i`mr sptmr egt`me ^ribcme hikariktgmrt smlmk, si BmlkhmsZjlcussaicfmrukf, smgkmk Brfmrgkkmk uk` Brfmrk

mrhcrmk zu essmk, worue mgkm Ippisgtgik, `gmemlr Ztgeemk mrlct ocs `gm Rmfgmrukfssmgtm mrloc-tmk lot, `mkkijl kur mgkm Egk`mrlmgt ge ôrcoemktòrstmcct uk` kgjlt `gm Priplm `mr Rmfgmrukf zufm-wgmsmk bmhieemk lot.


8/88

Dolrmk cgmft. @obmg gst òs @urjl-sjlkgttsoctmr `ms Hcossgh-ûbcghues gk`mk vmrfokfmkmk 2> Dolrmk `rmgeoc si

sjlkmcc okfmstgmfmk (ue ruk` ?? Dolrm) wgm òs

@urjlsjlkgttsoctmr mr Bmvchmrukf (ruk` :,0 Dolrm).Prk`cm4 ^rifkismk ar gm Tuhukat vmrlmgmk kgjltsFutms4 @mekojl wgr` òs Hcossgh-ûbcghue gk `mkkjlstmk :> Dolrmk ue emlr ocs mgk @rgttmc zurjh-fmlmk ms stgrbt sjlcgjltwmf ous. @os mgfmktcgjlm^ribcme `mr Hikzmrt- uk` Ipmrklusmr smg `mslocb`mr eokfmck`m Kojlwujls gk dkfmrmk Octmrsfrup-pmk8 sicjlmk vir occme, `gm mgkm vccgf ok`mrm eusg-hocgsjlm Zizgoc gsotgik mrcmbt lobmk, gk mr ip- u k`Rijheusgh `gm Louptriccm spgmct uk` `mr Bmzuf z uhcossgsjlmr Eusgh tmk`mkzgmcc geemr fmrgkfmr wgr`.@mr Huksteusghbmtrgmb pritgmrt `mrzmgt kijl vik`mr ]ehmlrukf `mr Octmrspyroeg`m. @os wgr` sgjl

obmr `roeotgsjl k`mrk, wmkk `gm kojl ?71> Fmbi-rmkmk vmremlrt zue Tgmcpubcghue wmr`mk. @mkk`gm ^ramrmkz ar Hcossgh fmlt gk `gmsmk Octmrsfrup-pmk dm dkfmr sgm wmr`mk hiktgkugmrcgjl zurjh,soft Prk`cm. @gms dmìjl smg hmgk Octmrs-, sik`mrk mgkHilirtmkmaamht. Ar Prk`cm fgbt ms hmgk Hcossgh-Fmk, ùrjl òs eok ge Octmr vik occmgk oua `mkFmsjleojh ar h cossgsjlm Eusgh hem.

Vmslocb stofkgmrt `gm @orbgmtukfsaire9

Gk `mr aamktcgjlmk Hucturar`mrukf eojlt `gm Ar-

`mrukf `mr Eusgh `mk frtmk Pmgc ous. Zi fobmkBuk`, Ck`mr uk` Fmemgk`mk zucmtzt emlr ocs zwmgEgccgo r`mk Muri ar `gm Eusghar`mrukf ous òssgk` ruk` :> rizmkt mr Fmsoetousfobmk ar Huctur.Kur jgrjo mgk ^rizmkt `gmsmr Zueem obmr, hrgtgsgmrtPrk`cm, wgr` gk `mr Eusghar`mrukf ar Gkkivotgi-kmk ousfmfmbmk, ocsi òar, kmum Okfmbitsairemkzu mktwgjhmck. Prk`cm sjlrmgbt gk smgkme Bujl @osHikzmrt (troksjrgpt-Qmrcof)4 Ibwilc sgjl `gm Rol-emkbm`gkfukfmk `ms Hikzmrts mtwo ùrjl `gm tmjl-kgsjlm Rmpriùzgmrborhmgt vik Eusgh, `mk Zgmfmszuf`ms Qgsumccmk uk` `ms Qgrtumccmk, mgk vmrk`mrtmsOrbmgts- uk` Armgzmgtvmrloctmk, `gm Ous`gaamrmkzgm-


9/88

YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Eortgk Prk`cm4 Vgm sgk` Zgmmgfmktcgjl oua `gmsms Plmeo fmhieemk9 Ocsousfmbgc`mtmr Eusghmr uk` Hucturwgssmksjloatcmrmepaok` gjl `gm Blkmksgtuotgik sjlik smlr arlao` uk` Hikzmrtm zuemgst cokfwmgcgf. Gjl cgmb(t)mhcossgsjlm uk` Kmum Eusgh. @gm Ort uk` Vmgsm, wgm sgmprsmktgmrt wgr`, vmreijltm dmìjl kur smctmk `gmsmsGktmrmssm i`mr for Cmg`mksjloat gk egr zu wmjhmk. @osfmlt lmutm `mk emgstmk Eusghmrk smlr lkcgjl. Vmkkeok gk mgkmr Eusghlijlsjlucm `gm ^riamssirmk i`mr`gm Ztu`mktmk aroft, wokk sgm òs cmtztm Eoc armgwgccgf

(`.l. kgjlt vik mgkme Armuk` i`mr Bmhokktmk òzumgkfmco`mk) gk mgkme Hikzmrt wormk, essmk `gmemgstmk mrst mgkeoc gkkmloctmk uk` kojl`mkhmk.

rukf uk` curocgsgmrukf mr Cmbmksstgcm i`mr gm hi-kiegsgmrukf kolmzu oc cmr Cmbmksbmrmgjlm eofmb-cgjl fmwok`mct lobmk, ìegkgmrt òs stokòr`gsgmrtmbrfmrcgjlm Hikzmrtwmsmk, `mssmk Llmpukht zwg-sjlmk ? uk` ?7?> cof, bgs gk `gm Fmfmkwort `mkEusghbmtrgmb. Aire u k` Obcoua `ms Hikzmr ts, bgsòlgk geemr wgm`mr vorggmrt, smgmk ge Hikzmrtrgtuocbgs lmutm kolmzu ukvmrk`mrt mrloctmk fmbcgmbmk.@oss sgjl mr hcossgsjlm Hikzmrtbmtrgmb gk mk cmtztmkluk`mrt Dolrmk houe `mk vmrk`mrtmk Rmzmptgiks-bm`gkfukfmk okfmposst lot, hkktm ar Prk`cm `mrLouptfruk` ar `mssmk Hrgsm smgk. Prk`cm4 ]k` òs

lgmm oujl, oss gm Hrgsm mr h cossgsjlmk Eusgh wm-kgfmr mgkm mr Eusgh smcbst gst, ocs vir occme mgkm glrmr@orbgmtukfsairemk.

Vgm hkkmk Hikzmrtm ottrohtgvmr wmr`mk9

Bmhratgft sgmlt `mr Hucturwgssmksjloatcmr smgkm Plmsmbmge Bcgjh oua ok`mrm Hukstsportmk4 @os Plmotmr bmg-spgmcswmgsm lobm ocs mgkm hkstcmrgsjlm Emtli`m zurProksaireotgik `ms lgstirgsjlmk Eotmrgocs òs Rm-fgmtlmotmr mktwgjhmct. Ge Bmrmgjl `mr Bgc`mk`mkHukst smg `mr Bmrua `ms Hurotirs mktstok`mk, `mr sgjloua Ousstmccukfshiktmxtm uk` Qmregttcukfsarofmk

spmzgocgsgmrtm. Bmg`m, si Prk`cm, lobmk òzu okfm-stimk, òs Zmcbstvmrstk`kgs `gmsmr Hukstsportmk,siwilc `gm Ort `ms Tmgfmks uk` ^rsmktgmrmks ocsoujl òs Gkszmkgmrmk uk` Gktmrprmtgmrmk, kmu zu `mk-hmk uk` hikstokt wmgtmr zu mktwgjhmck.

@mrcmg Proksaireotgik uk` òs Mrpribmk vikEmtli`mk `mr Ohtuocgsgmrukf, ue kmum ^rsmktotg-iksairemk, ocsi kmum Ouaalrukfsaireotm zu mkt-wgjhmck, sgk` ge hcossgsjlmk Eusghbmtrgmb houevirlok`mk, bmhcoft Prk`cm. @obmg fmlm ms kgjlt uemgkm Mvmktgsgmrukf `ms Hikzmrts, sik`mrk òrue,`gm Hukstaire Hikzmrt ocs stlmtgsjl-sizgocm ^rsmk-

totgiksaire zmgtfme wmgtmr zu mktwgjhmck, ue `mrEusmocgsgmrukf `ms Hikzmrts uk` `mr stmtmk Qmroctm-rukf `ms ûbcghues mktfmfmkzuwgrhmk. Prk`cm4Eok euss òs Hikzmrt vmrk`mrk, ue ms zu mrloctmk.

Vgm `gm Hcossgh egt `mr Ztu`gm uefmlt, cmsmk Zgmoua `mk aicfmk`mk bmg`mk Zmgtmk.


10/88

?>

Qmr`rkfmk, Qmr`mjhmkuk` QmrsjlwmgfmkVgm fmlt `gm Hcossgh egt `me ûbcghuessjlwuk` ue9

Gktmkòktmk, Ipmrk`grmhtirmkuk` Hucturpicgtghmr bcmgbmkwmgtmrlgk mgkm Oktwirt oua`gm hrgsmkloatmk Aicfmk `mr`meifroplgsjlmk Mktwgjh-cukf ge Hucturbmrmgjl sjluc-

`gf. Qgmcemlr rmofgmrmk sgmvirwgmfmk` egt Qmr`rkfmk,Qmr`mjhmk uk` Qmrsjlwmgfmkoua mk obsmlbor zukmlemk-`mk ûbcghuessjlwuk` gkPlmotmrk uk` Ipmrklusmrk.@gmsm Mgksjltzukf gst òsMrfmbkgs mgkmr wgssmksjloat-cgjlmk Ztu`gm `mr T]-Dukgir-priamssirmk Eortgk Prk`cmuk` @r. Eorhus Rliebmrf.

Tuhukatssirfmk eojlt eok sgjl oksjlmg-

kmk` ge Hcossghbmtrgmb kgjlt, stmccmkPrk`cm uk` Rliebmrf amst. @obmg `rilt`mr Brokjlm mgk `roeotgsjlmr Kgm`mr-fokf. Gk mgkmr Gkloctsokocysm `mr Bmrgjlt-mrstottukf vik bmrrmfgikocmk uk` rmfg-ikocmk Tmgtukfmk siwgm Ro`gibmgtrfmkbmr `gm Tuhuka t `ms Hikzmrts mkt`mjh-tmk `mr Eusghwgssmksjloat cmr Prk`cmuk` `mr îcgtgh- uk` Hieeukghotgiks-wgssmksjloatcmr Rliebmrf `rmg Qmrloc-tmkshotmfirgmk, wgm `mr Hcossghbmtrgmboua `gm `meifrosjlmk Mktwgjhcukfmk

rmofgmrt4 Qgmcm vmrsujlmk `gmsm Mktwgjhcukfmk zuvmr`rkfmk, zu vmr`mjhmk uk` zu vmrsjlwmgfmk.Ok`mrm rmofgmrmk oroua, gk`me sgm emlr Rmssiurjmkair`mrk, ue glr bmrcmbmk zu sgjlmrk. ]k` kur fokzwmkgfm bmsjlatgfmk sgjl egt Gkkivotgikmk uk`Rmairemk, ue mgkm kojlloctgfm Mktwgjhcukf `msHikzmrtbmtrgmbs zu ar`mrk.

@gm kojl wgm vir wmgt vmrbrmgtmtm Tuvmrsgjlt wgr`vik mk Hcossghvmroktwirtcgjlmk dmìjl kgjlt bmcmft,sgm sttzmk sgjl vgmcemlr occmgk oua pmrskcgjlm Mraol-rukfmk i`mr ctmrm Mrlmbukfmk, lobmk `gm bmg`mkOutirmk `mr Ztu`gm amstfmstmcct. @gm Hcossghvmrokt-

wirtcgjlmk zwmgamck mk prifkistgsjlmk Vmrt mei-frosjlmr @otmk ok, vmrfcmgjlmk `gmsmk uktmr ok`m-rme egt `mr Oussofmhroat vik Vmttmrbmrgjltmk. Mszmgfmk sgjl zwmg Rmocgttmk4 dmkm vgmcmr Gktmkòktmk,`gm mgkm Hrgsm vmr`rkfmk uk` dmkm `mr Vgssmk-sjloat, sjlcussaicfmrk `gm Ztu`gmkoutirmk.

Lmrrsjlt mgkm Qmr`rkfukfsstrotmfgm9

@gmsmr iaamksgjltcgjlm Hiktrost `mr wgssmksjloatcg-jlmk Ztu`gmk uk` `mr Zmcbstoussofmk vgmcmr Gktmk-òktmk mraakmk zwmg efcgjlm Gktmrprmtotgik, bm-rgjltmk Prk`cm uk` Rliebmrf4 @gm mrstm fmlt vik

`mr regssm ous, oss gm gk mk Em`gmk fmauk`mkmk

Oussofmk totsjlcgjl `gm Emgkukf `mr Ohtmurm ob-bgc`mt. @os bm`mutmtm, eok w gcc `mk fmsmccsjloatcg-jlmk Vok`mc uk` òs òegt mgklmrfmlmk`m Hrgsmk-szmkorgi ar `gm Hcossgh kgjlt smlmk. Ms mrfgbt sgjlòs Bgc` mgkms rmcotgv fmsjlcissmkmk Bmtrgmbs, fmprftùrjl mgk mcgtrms Hucturvmrstk`kgs, òs sgjl ok mg-kmr fcokzviccmk lgstirgsjlmk Qmrfokfmklmgt irgmk-tgmrt. Qmrstrht hkktm `gmsm Loctukf fmfmbmkmkaoccsoujl òùrjl wmr`mk, òss mgk Fritmgc `mr Gktmk-òktmk smcbst òs Rmktmkoctmr mrrmgjlt lobmk wgr`,kijl bmvir `mr ûbcghuessjlwuk` vicc ùrjl-sjlcft. @gmsm Loctukf hkktm eok o cs Qmr`rk-

fukfsstrotmfgm bmsjlrmgbmk, mrhcrmk Prk`cm uk`Rliebmrf. Mgkm zwmgtm Gktmrprmtotgik fmlt òvik ous,òss mk Gktmkòktmk os ribcme urjlous bmwusstgst, sgm `gm ^ribcmeotgh obmr kgjlt aamktcgjl `gshutgm-rmk wiccmk, sgm ocsi vmr`mjhmk. @mkk zue mgkmk hkktm

sicjl mgkm @gshussgik `gm Zporfmcstm eokjlmr He-emrmr uk` Agkokzegkgstmr wmjhmk, zue ok`mrmk sgkht`gm Ottrohtgvgtt mgkms Lousms, wmkk pitmktgmccm Fmc`-fmbmr wgssmk, òss `mssmk ûbcghue gk `mk hieemk-`mk Dolrmk storh `mzgegmrt wgr`, mrhcrmk gm Ztu`gmk-outirmk.

Zjlrmjht bmge Hikzmrt òs Rgtuoc ob9

Gk `mr @mbottm gk `mk Em`gmk wgr` obmr oujl egtefcgjlmk Csukfsokstzmk orfuemktgmrt4 @obmgk`mk sgjl siwilc Mcmemktm, `gm sgjl egt `mr pip-hucturmccmk Zizgocgsotgik mr Dufmk`cgjlmk bmsjla-tgfmk, ocs oujl Mcmemktm, `gm sgjl egt lmutgfmkMrsjlmgkukfmk wgm `mr Em`gocgsgmrukf fmsoetmrCmbmksbmrmgjlm bmaossmk, sjlgc`mrk `gm Vgssmk-sjloatcmr. Qgmcm Dkfmrm mrcmbtmk mgkm vccgf ok`mrmeusghocgsjlm Zizgocgsotgik. Ms smg mbmk kgjlt `gm hcos-sgsjlm Eusgh ocs sicjlm, `gm `gm Dufmk` obsjlrmjhm,sik`mrk os Rgtuoc ms Hikzmrts.


11/88

?

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm @orstmccukf `mr Ztu`gm agk`mt sgjl gk4Rliebmrf, Eorhus/Prk`cm, Eortgk (2>?>)4 Vli jorms9Plmemk, Ohtmurm uk` Eitgvotgikmk4 Mgkm @gshursoko-cysm `mr Em`gmkrmzmptgik `ms Bok`ms @os Hikzmrt. Gk4 Gkstgtut ar Hucturpicgtgh `mr HucturpicgtgsjlmkFmsmccsjloat (Lf.)4 Dolrbujl ar Hucturpicgtgh 2>?>,Bok` ?>. Mssmk4 Hcortmxt, ?16-?61.

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm mkfcgsjlm Qmrsgik mrsjlmgkt fmro`mge Gktmrkotgikoc Diurkoc ia Jucturoc îcgjy, obruaboruktmr4 gkaireowirc`

YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Eortgk Prk`cm4 Vmcjlm gkkivotgvmAire vik Hikzmrt lobmk Zgm smcbst zucmtzt mrcmbt9

@os wor dkfst bmg `me dukfmk ^gokgstmk ArokjmsjiPrgstoki ge Ro`gocsystme gk Bmrcgk. Mr spgmctm mgkmkHcovgmrobmk` egt Bojl, Dilk Jofm uk` mgfmkmk Gepri-vgsotgikmk. @os Fokzm wor egt mgkmr subtgcmk Cgjlt-rmfgm vmrsmlmk. Ms w or mgkm hcufm eusghocgsjlm @ro-eoturfgm, mgkm oteisplrgsjl stgeegfm Gkszmkgmrukf,mgkm mgfmkwgccgfm pgokgstgsjlm Gktmrprmtotgik uk` mgkousfmamgctmr ]efokf egt `mk Mrwor tukfmk `ms ûbcg-hues. @os Hikzmrt wor brgfmks emlreocs kojlmgk-

ok`mr ousvmrhouat uk` òs @urjlsjlkgttsoctmr `msûbcghues jgrjo 2= Dolrm uktmr me bcgjlmr Hcovgmr-obmk`m. Ms fmlt ocsi.

Fmreokys jikjmrt ok` ipmro liusms orm tlrmotmkm` by

o `roeotgj `mjcgkm gk tlm kmor auturm. Plgs gs tlm jikjcu-sgik `rowk by jucturoc sjgmktgst @r Eortgk Prk`cm, Dukgir^riamssir air Jucturoc Busgkmss Oègkgstrotgik & Ort Rm-smorjl. Oatmr tlrmm ymors ia rmsmorjl gk jiipmrotgik wgtlvorgius mxpmrts arie tlm ormos ia ou`gmkjm rmsmorjl ok`tlm eusgj smjtir, ok` aojgkf tlm eossgvm o`vokjgkf ofmia tlm ou`gmkjm lm rmqumsts, Vm lovm ti jlokfm tlmjikjmrt ga wm wokt ti hmmp gt ocgvm. Proksaireotgik ok`trygkf iut emtli`s ia eohgkf tlm jikjmrt eirm rmcmvoktgk ir`mr ti `mvmcip kmw aires ia gts prmsmktotgik, g.m.kmw woys ia stofgkf gt, orm, liwmvmr, lor`cy prmsmkt gktlm jcossgjoc eusgj smjtir, Prk`cm `mpcirms. Plm oge gs

kit o spmjtojucorgzotgik ia tlm jikjmrt, but ti aurtlmr`mvmcip tlm ort aire ia tlm jikjmrt os o sijgi-omstlmtgj

aire ia prmsmktotgik gk o jiktmepirory woy si os tijiuktmr tlm eusmocgzotgik ia tlm jikjmrt ok` tlm stmo`yofgkf ia tlm ou`gmkjm.

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm @orstmccukf `mr Ztu`gm agk`mtsgjl gk4 Prk`cm, Eortgk (Lrsf.)(2>?>)4 @os Hikzmrt.Kmum Ouaalrukfshikzmptm ar mgkm hcossgsjlmAire, 2. bmr uk` mrw. Ouac., Bgmcmamc`, troksjrgpt

Eortgk Prk`cm
http://www.zu.de/mehr/informaworldhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/martin-troendlehttp://www.zu.de/mehr/martin-troendlehttp://www.zu.de/mehr/martin-troendlehttp://www.zu.de/mehr/martin-troendlehttp://www.zu.de/mehr/informaworld


12/88

?2

@mr cokfm

Zjlottmk`mr ZtosgVmslocb gst Qmrtroumkshopgtoc ar `gm Vgrtsjloat si wgjltgf9

Vorue lgkht `gm Vgrtsjloat

gk `mk kmumk Buk`msck`mrkoujl 2? Dolrm kojl Qiccmkùkf`mr Mgklmgt uk` kojl egccgor-`mksjlwmrmk Ouabouprifroe-emk `me Vmstmk fmfmkbmrgeemr kijl lgktmrlmr9 MgkmOktwirt hkktm gk mgkme vik^riamssir @r. Eorjmc Pyrmcc mr-airsjltmk ^lkiemk cgmfmk4gk `mk Kojlwgrhukfmk `msZtosg-Zpgtzmcsystmes. Ms zmr-strtm iaamkbor mgkm `mr wgjl-

tgfstmk Qiroussmtzukfmk arfm`mglcgjlmk Lok`mc uk`wgrtsjloatcgjlms Vojlstue4fmfmksmgtgfms Qmrtroumk uk`òegt sifmkokktms Zizgoc-hopgtoc. ]k` `gms egt Aicfmkbgs lmutm.

@mr Zooc `mr Hcmgkmk Zykofifm gk `mr Mr-aurtmr Octsto`t acct sgjl, ibwilc ms Zikk-tof gst uk` kijl kgjlt mgkeoc ?> ]lr.Mgkgfm `mrdmkgfmk, `gm dmtzt Oktwirtmklobmk i`mr cm`gfcgjl glrmr Emgkukf Cuateojlmk wiccmk, lobmk bmrmgts mgkm emlrocs mgkstk`gfm Okrmgsm lgktmr sgjl. Msfmlt ue mk cokfmk Zjlottmk mr Qmrfok-

fmklmgt. Ms fmlt ue Zjluc`. Ms fmlt uefmbrijlmkm Bgifroplgmk. ]k` ms fmlt viroccme u e Vgssmksjloat, `mrmk Mrfmb-kgssm gm Emksjlmk lgmr bmwmft.

Qirk oua `me î`gue sgtzt EorjmcPyrmcc, T]-^riamssir ar Agkokz- uk` ]k-tmrkmlemrwgssmksjloatmk. Mr sgmlt sgjlOkwramk ousfmsmtzt, mr mrlct Tusprujl,

uk` mr vmrtmg`gft smgkm Airsjlukfsorbmgt. Fut vgmrVijlmk zuvir lottm mr sgm gk mgkme Rmòhtgiksfm-sprjl `mr Plrgkfmr Occfmemgkmk virfmstmcct. Aic-fmk `ms Ztosg-Zystmes sjlwjlmk Vgrtsjloat

sjlcofzmgctm `gmsm òroualgk oua `mr Pgtmcsmgtm, uePyrmcc ge Bcottgkkmrmk uktmr `mr Lmo`cgkm @os Fgat`ms Hrohmk ousalrcgjl zu Virt hieemk zu cossmk.Tolcrmgjlm ok`mrm Em`gmk frgaamk òs Plmeo oua4Ztosg-Egsstroumk brmest Vojlstue ge Istmk woroua `mr Pgtmcsmgtm `mr BGC@ zu cmsmk, vik `mr Vgrt-sjloatsbrmesm Ztosg sprojl mr AIJ]Z, uk` gm KmumIskobrjhmr Tmgtukf sjlrgmb4 Ztosg sjl`gft kijllmutm `gm Vgrtsjloat. Qgmr Vijlmk gk Aicfm tibt ò-rbmr gk `mr Plrgkfmr Occfmemgkmk mgkm rmfmcrmjltmCmsmrbrgmasjlcojlt. @gm Volrlmgt gst eokjleocbgttmr bmaok`mk `gm mgkmk8 ]kmrhcrcgjlmr ]kaufkokktm ms gm ok`mrmk. Zjlcofzmgcmk vmrhrzmk kotur-

fme, uk` kuk gst Pyrmcc gk Mraurt, ue smgkm zwmg-dlrgfm Airsjlukfsorbmgt ousalrcgjl zu mrcutmrkuk` zu `gshutgmrmk4 @gm Octcost `mr bmrwojlukf4Mgkm Mrhcrukf ar `gm Mrisgik vik Zizgochopgtoc uk``gm airtòumrk`m hikiegsjlm @gsporgtt zwgsjlmkIst- uk` Vmst`mutsjlcok`. @gm Airsjlukfmk ms hi-kiemk uk` smgkms Egtoutirs Eorjus Dojib, sgm lottmkckfst picgtgsjlm @gemksgikmk okfmkieemk.

Vos bmwgrht Qmrtroumkshopgtoc9

]k` orue fgkf ms ge Hmrk4 Pyrmcc uk` Dojib lottmk okfmrmft ùrjl òs bmrmgts smgt Dolrluk`mrtmk bmstm-lmk`m wgrtsjloatcgjlm Fmaccm zwgsjlmk Kir`- uk`Z`gtocgmk mgkmk Bcgjh oua `gm Mktwgjhcukf zwg-sjlmk Ist- uk` Vmst`mutsjlcok` kojl `mr Vmk`mfmwiramk, vir occme vir `me Lgktmrfruk` `ms sifm-kokktmk Zizgochopgtocs. Vos obmr fmkou gst Zizgocho-pgtoc9 @mr Oktwirt hieet eok klmr, wmkk eokòar `mk Bmfrgaa Qmrtroumkshopgtoc vmrwmk`mt4 Ms

bmzmgjlkmt òs Ouseo `ms Qmrtroumks, òs Emk-sjlmk gk ok`mrm Emksjlmk smtzmk. @gmsms Qmrtroumkeojlm brfmrsjloatcgjlms Mkfofmemkt mrst efcgjl,òs okk oujl gm Bosgs ar wgrtsjloatcgjl mraicfrmg-jlms Lok`mck smg, si Pyrmcc uk` Dojib. @gms wor `mrOusfokfspukht ar `gm Orbmgt, bmg `mr òs PlmeoZtootssgjlmrlmgt zukjlst mgkeoc for hmgkm Riccmspgmctm. @gm Outirmk wicctmk mgkaojl lmrousk`mk, ibòs Zizgochopgtoc gk @mutsjlcok`, uk` kotrcgjl oujlgkkmrlocb mr kmumk Ck`mr, uktmrsjlgm`cgjl ousfm-prft gst.

]e `gms zu emssmk, lottmk sgm sgjl vmrsjlgm`m-kmr, gk `mr Airsjlukf vmrwmk`mtmr Aohtirmk bm`gmkt,


13/88

?

YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Eorjmc Pyrmcc4 Vgm lobmk Zgmsmcbst `gm @mbottm ue `gm Ztu`gm mrcmbt9 Gjl worvmrbcaat bmr `gm Zjlram `mr Rmohtgikmk uk` òsEgsstroumk, wmcjlms uks mktfmfmksjlcuf. ]kswur`mk iat agkstmrm Obsgjltmk egt `mr Ztu`gmuktmrstmcct, uk` `gms zmgftm egr cmtztcgjl, wgm rmcmvoktuk` ohtumcc uksmrm Airsjlukf gst.

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm @orstmccukf `mr Ztu`gm agk`mt sgjl gk4Pyrmcc, Eorjmc/Dojib, Eorhus (2>?>)4 Plm Cmfojy iaZurvmgccokjm4 Ok Mxpcokotgik air Z ijgoc Jopgtoc Mrisgikok` tlm ^mrsgstmkt Mjikiegj @gsporgty Bmtwmmk Mostok` Vmst Fmreok, mrlctcgjl bmr ZZRK4 lttp4//ssrk.jie/obstrojt5?==01>0

Eorjmc Pyrmcc

wgjltgfm òruktmr sgk` òbmg `gm Volcbmtmgcgfukf,`gm Bmrmgtsjloat, Irfokm zu spmk`mk i`mr sgjl gkIrfokgsotgikmk zu mkfofgmrmk. Mrst ok `gmsmr Ztmccmstmcctmk sgjl Pyrmcc uk` Dojib `gm Arofm, ib oujl `gmZtootssgjlmrlmgt mtwos egt `me emlr i`mr egk`mrousfmprftmk Zizgochopgtoc zu tuk lobmk hkktm.

@gm Gkiazgmccmk Egtorbmgtmr (GE) wormk gk `mkcmtztmk Dolrmk `mr @@R rmfgikoc smlr uktmrsjlgm`cgjlvmrtmgct. @gm @gjltm mr GE sjlwokhtm zwgsjlmk 2 uk`?1 pri ?>>> Mgkwilkmr. @gm Arofm, gm òrous aicfmrtm4

Cossmk sgjl ous `me uktmrsjlgm`cgjlmk Vgrhmk `mrZtootssgjlmrlmgt òeocs ar wmcjlm `gm GE-@gjltmmgk wgjltgfmr Gk`ghotir gst lmutm kijl Ouswgrhuk-fmk oua òs Zizgochopgtoc emssmk9 @oss `gm Ztootssg-jlmrlmgt Egsstroumk gk `mr Fmsmccsjloat stm, ocsiQmrtroumk zmrstrtm, kolemk Pyrmcc uk` Dojib ocsfmfmbmkok. Ziegt hoemk sgm oua os Rmsuctot, os ge@urjlsjlkgtt, obmr kur ge @urjlsjlkgtt fgct4 Dm llmr`gm GE-@gjltm gk mgkmr Rmfgik wor, uesi fmrgkfmr gstòs Zizgochopgtoc lmutm.

Vgm wgrht `gm GE-@gjltm bgs lmutm kojl9

]k` `gms lot Aicfmk ar `gm Vgrtsjloat wgm oujlmtwo `mr Fro` `mr ]rbokgsgmrukf, `mr Tu- i`mr Ob-wok`mrukf gk mgkmr Rmfgik i`mr `gm hikamssgikmccmkBgkùkfmk glrmr Bmwilkmr. Vgr lobmk lmrousfmauk-`mk, sjlrmgbmk `gm bmg`mk Vgrtsjloatswgssmksjloat-cmr, òss os rmfgikoc uktmrsjlgm`cgjlm Ouseo mr@urjl`rgkfukf `ms ^rgvotcmbmks gk `mr @@R sgfkg-hoktm Aicfmk ar dmkm Zizgochopgtoc-Eustmr lobmk, gm

lmutm gk mk kmumk Ck`mrk bmibojltmt wmr`mk. Glrmmepgrgsjlmk Airsjlukfmk cmfmk kolm, òss òs Ous-eo `mr @urjl`rgkfukf `mr Bmvchmrukf ùrjl `gmGE `mr Ztootssgjlmrlmgt vir 2> Dolrmk kijl lmutm egtmgkmr kgm`rgfmrmk Volcbmtmgcgfukf uk` mgkmr `mut-cgjl fmrgkfmrmk Bmtmgcgfukf gk Irfokgsotgikmk uk`Qmrmgkmk uk` mgkmr kijl frmrmk Turjhloctukfbmg `mr Bmrmgtsjloat zu Irfokspmk`mk mgklmrfmlmk.@gm Gktmksgtt `mr bmrwojlukf lot cout Pyrmcc uk`Dojib zu`me mgkmk storhmk Kmfotgvmaamht bmr `mk]ewmf `ms Zizgochopgtocs oua `gm Vgrtsjloatsmkt-wgjhcukf uk` -cmgstukf. @gmsmr Tusoeemklokf hkkm
http://www.zu.de/mehr/marcel-tyrellhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/marcel-tyrellhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/marcel-tyrellhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/marcel-tyrell


14/88

?0

YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Eorjmc Pyrmcc4 Vos hkktm mgkOksotz ar mgkm Csukf `ms ^ribcmes smgk9 Fmemgk-sgkk-Ohtgvgttmk ar`mrk uk` òbmg vmrsujlmk, òstgmafmlmk`m Egsstroumk zu bmrwgk`mk. Obmr `gmsgst mgk cokfwgmrgfmr ^rizmss, `mkk `gm Mraolrukfmkous Gtocgmk zmgfmk, òss `mr Qmrcust vik Zizgochopgtocrmprmssgvm Fmsmccsjloatsstruhturmk ar`mrt, gmwgm`mrue Z izgochopgtoc uktmregkgmrmk.

Plm lmo`cgkm ia tlm Plrgkfmr Occfmemgkm rmo` Rmsuctsia tlm Ztosg Zystme Vmohmk Mjikiey, Ztosg EgstrustZciws ìwk Mjikiey gk tlm Most jiuc` bm rmo` ik tlmtgtcm pofm ia BGC@, ok` tlm Kmum Iskobrjhmr Tmgtukf

writm, Ztosg @oeofms tlm Mjikiey mvmk Piòy. Plmrmosik air tlmsm lmo`cgkms wos o stu`y by ^riamssir @rEorjmc Pyrmcc, wli lic`s tlm Jlogr ia Mktrmprmkmurslgpok` Agkokjgkf. Pifmtlmr wgtl lgs ji-outlir Eorjus Do-jib lm lo` pubcgslm` o stu`y mktgtcm` Plm Cmfojy ia Zur-vmgccokjm4 Ok Mxpcokotgik ia tlm Mrisgik ia Zijgoc Jopgtocok` tlm Jiktgkugkf Mjikiegj @gsporgty bmtwmmk Mostok` Vmst Fmreoky (@gm Octcost `mr bmrwojlukf4 MgkmMrhcrukf ar `gm Mrisgik vik Zizgochopgtoc uk` `gm airt-òumrk`m hikiegsjlm @gsporgtt zwgsjlmk Ist- uk`Vmst`mutsjlcok`). Gk lgs stu`y, lm okocyzm` oeikfitlmr qumstgiks liw aor tlm pmkmtrotgik by tlm smjrmt

picgjm `mstriym` tlm trust ia pmipcm ti mojl itlmr ok`tlus tlm si-joccm` sijgoc jopgtoc, ok` ti wlot mxtmkt tlmmaamjts lovm jiktgkum` uktgc tiòy. Plmgr mepgrgjoc rm-smorjl suffmsts tlot tlm mxtmkt ia tlm pmkmtrotgik ia tlmpipucotgik by tlm ukiajgoc gkairemrs (Gkiazgmccm Egt-orbmgtmr) ia tlm smjrmt picgjm twmkty ymors ofi stgcc jigk-jg`ms wgtl o ciwmr vitmr turkiut ok` o sgfkgjoktcy ciw-mr portgjgpotgik gk irfokgzotgiks ok` jcubs ok` mvmkstrikfmr rmsmrvotgiks rmfor`gkf tlm wgccgkfkmss ti ì-kotm irfoks. Ojjir`gkf ti Pyrmcc ok` Dojib tlm gktmksgtyia tlm survmgccokjm o``gtgikoccy los o strikf kmfotgvm ma-

amjt vgo tlm riutm ia tlm sijgoc jopgtoc ik tlm mjikiegj`mvmcipemkt ok` pmraireokjm gk tlm kmw am`mroc stotms.

sgmbmk ^rizmkt `ms Ist-Vmst-]ktmrsjlgm`s bmge ^ri-Hipa-Mgkhieemk uk` 21 ^rizmkt `mr @gaamrmkz `mrOrbmgtscismkquitm ouseojlmk. @gm Mrfmbkgssm zmg-fmk mgk`mutgf, soft Pyrmcc, òs Fgat `ms Hrohmk Ztosgwgrht kijl lmutm gk mr Fmsmccsjloat wmgtmr.

Vgm hokk Zizgochopgtoc mrllt wmr`mk9

Emlr ocs zwmg Ztuk`mk wlrt sjlcgmcgjl `gm ar mg-

kmk Vgssmksjloatcmr gk gmsmr Aire zmgtwmgsm ukfm-wilktm @mbottm gk Mraurt. Ms hieemk Qirwram4 Gjlejltm egjl òfmfmk vmrwmlrmk, òss uksmrm Cm-bmkscmgstukf urjl Glrm Orbmgt gshrgegkgmrt wgr`!.Ms hieemk Qirloctukfmk4 Gjl fcoubm, òss `gm fm-soetm Ztosg-@mbottm iat kur `me Tgmc `gmkt, ^cotz zusjloaamk ar Cmutm ous me Vmstmk! Ms hieet obmr

oujl Zmcbsthrgtgsjlms4 Vlrmk` mr @mbottm lobm gjliat fmòjlt, wgr sicctmk ìjl mlrcgjlmr zu uks smcbstsmgk uk` bmg uks smcbst okaokfmk, mtwos zu k`mrk gk `mk Hpamk. ]k` ms hieet `mr Bcgjh kojl virk4Lobmk Zgm sgjl oujl Fmòkhmk ò rbmr fmeojlt,wgm Zizgochopgtoc gk uksmrmr Fmsmccsjloat mrlltwmr`mk hokk9 Ckfst gst `gm Vgssmksjloat gk `mrîcgtgh okfmcokft uk` ge Bmk`mk uk` mbmk oujluefmhmlrt.

Vmcjlm Aicfmk mrwojlsmk òrous9

Pyrmcc, `mr sgjl bgs gks @mtogc egt `mk Orfuemktmkousmgkok`mrsmtzt uk` oe Mk`m egt Bmgaocc vmrob-sjlgm`mt wgr`, lot smgtlmr smgkm Airsjlukfmk gk `gm-sme Bmrmgjl airtfmsmtzt. ]k` mr sgmlt sgm oujl ocs mgkmOrt Ouaair`mrukf ok `gm îcgtgh uk` `gm Emksjlmk.]ksmrm Orbmgt wiccmk wgr oujl ocs Oksti vmrstok-`mk lobmk, sgjl `me Aohtue zu stmccmk, òss ms kgjltrmgjlt, Outibolkmk zu boumk, mgk Fmwmrbmfmbgmt ok-zucmfmk i`mr Fmc`troksamrs zu cmgstmk. Oujl Vgrt-

sjloat aukhtgikgmrm kur egt `mk Emksjlmk uk` `mkukegttmcbormk uk` egttmcbormk Mraolrukfmk. @ms-locb fmlm ms ge Hmrk orue, fmzgmct mk Ouabou uk``gm Ztrhukf vik Fmemgksgkk zu ar`mrk. ]k` òsbmr `gm Hcmgkm Zykofifm gk Mraurt lgkous.


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Vgm wmkgf wgrbmr VgrtsjloatwgssmkVmcjlm Aicfmk lot gms ar `mk Hiksuemktmk9

Vgm lmgt mgfmktcgjl `mr ohtu-mccm Buk`mswgrtsjloatsegkgstmr9]k` wgm lijl gst `mrzmgt gkmtwo `gm Orbmgtscismkquitm9Arofmk, vik `mkmk eok emg-kmk esstm, sgm hkktm wilc

dm`mr bmoktwirtmk. @me gst

occmr`gkfs bmrloupt kgjlt si.^riamssir @r. ^mtmr Hmkkgkf lotòs sifmkokktm Egkgeocmhikiegsjlm Vgssmk `mr@mutsjlmk uktmrsujlt egtvmrbcaamk`mk Mrfmbkgssmk.

Ztmccmk wgr uks mgkeoc vir4 Zgm lobmk:>>> Muri Zjluc`mk fmeojlt. @oar zol-cmk Zgm mgkmk Zicczgks vik ?2 ^rizmkt pri

Dolr. Dm`mk Eikot trofmk Zgm :> Muri ob.Vokk wmr`mk Zgm gm Zjluc`mk fmtgcft lo-bmk9 @os Mrfmbkgs gst ue ms fcmgjl vir-wmf zu kmlemk mbmksi mrkjltmrk`wgm òs, wos ^riamssir @r. ^mtmr Hmkkgkf,Gklobmr ms Cmlrstulcs ar Eorhmtgkf, geRolemk smgkmr Ztu`gm bmr òs kitwmk-

`gfm hikiegsjlm Vgssmk (Egkgeoc Mjikiegj Hkiw-cmf`m) mrcmbtm, gm mr zusoeemk egt smgkmr @ihtirok-`gk Gkfo Vibhmr gk Hiipmrotgik egt `me Eox-^cokjh-Gkstgtut ar Bgcùkfsairsjlukf gk Bmrcgk ùrjlalrtm.Egt `gmsmr wgm egt 2: wmgtmrmk Arofmk wicctm mr lmr-

ousk`mk, wgm ms ue `gm fruk`cmfmk`mk Hmkktkgssmgk Zojlmk hikiegm bmg `mk Buk`msbrfmrk stmlt.@os Mrfmbkgs4 mrsjlrmjhmk` sjlcmjlt. @gm @mutsjlmkwgssmk zu wmkgf bmr wgr tsjloatcgjlm Tusoeemk-lkfm uk` vmrsjlmkhmk òlmr efcgjlmrwmgsm vgmcFmc`, hieemktgmrtm òs Lok`mcsbcott òroualgk`gm Ztu`gm.

Ms bmfgkkt sjlik òegt, òss mtwos bmr :> ^ri-zmkt mr Buk`msbrfmr kgjlt mgkeoc wgssmk, wmr mrohtumccm Buk`mswgrtsjloatsegkgstmr gst. I`mr aost mgkQgmrtmc kijl kgm òvik fmlrt lot, òss mr gk mgkmrsizgocmk Eorhtwgrtsjloat cmbt. I`mr aost `gm Lcatmkgjlt mgkeoc gk mtwo okfmbmkhikktm, wgm lijl `gm

Orbmgtscismkquitm gst. Bmg `mk Arofmk fgkf ms obmrkgjlt kur ue ohtumccms wgrtsjloatcgjlms Vgssmk, sik-`mrk oujl ue sjlcgjltms, lokàmstms Hiksuemktmk-

wgssmk wgm bmg `mr Arofm4 Vmkk Zgm ocs Qmrbroujlmrgk mgkme Co`mk mgk ^riùht fmhouat lobmk uk` msGlkmk kgjlt emlr fmacct, wgm cokfm lobmk Zgm òkkkireocmrwmgsm mgk Rjhfobmrmjlt9 1,1 ^rizmkt `mrBmaroftmk mktsjlgm`mk sgjl ar 6 Pofm, emlr ocs `gmLcatm, =:,: ^rizmkt, ar ?0 Pofm, ?,: ^rizmkt ar 2?Pofm, 7,? ^rizmkt ar mgkmk Eikot, uk` mtwos wmkg-fmr ocs mgk @rgttmc, 27,1 ^rizmkt ar `gm sjlcussmk`cgjlrgjltgfm Oktwirt4 Ms fgbt for hmgkmk Oksprujl ouaRjhfobm.

Vgm gst hikiegsjlms Vgssmk vmrtmgct9

Eok euss sgjl hcoreojlmk, òss ms sgjl kgjlt ueMxpmrtmkwgssmk, sik`mrk wgrhcgjl ue egkgeocmsVgrtsjloa tswgssmk lok`mctm, mrcutmrt ^mtmr Hmk-kgkf `mk Lgktmrfruk` `mr Ztu`gm. Gksfmsoet wur`mk?:>> ^mrsikmk ous `me fmsoetmk Buk`msfmbgmt bm-aroft. Mrlibmk wur`mk òbmg zu`me @otmk zu Octmr,Fmsjlcmjlt, Lousloctskmttimgkhieemk, Bgcùkfsob-sjlcuss siwgm pmr Pgmamkstu`gm bmr`gms zu Amrksml-hiksue uk` Cmsmfmwilklmgtmk. Dm`me Pmgckmlemrwur`mk dmwmgcs 20 Arofmk zu mk Plmemk Agkokzmk,Orbmgtseorht, Hiksue uk` Ztoot fmstmcct. @obmg wormgk eoxgeocmr Vmrt `ms egkgeocmk hikiegsjlmk


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YTwgsjlmkarofm ok ^mtmr Hmkkgkf4 Vos lot Zgm oeMrfmbkgs `mr Ztu`gm oe emgstmk bmrrosjlt9

Zmlr bmrrosjlmk` aok` gjl, òss Bmaroftm, `gm zueBmgspgmc gk `mr Zjlucm, `me Ztu`gue i`mr `mr Qichs-lijlsjlucm mgkmk Vgrtsjloatshurs bmcmft lottmk,kgjlt ukbm`gkft bmssmr obsjlkgttmk ocs Bmaroftm ilkmVgrtsjloatshurs. Iaamkhuk`gf bcmgbmk `gmsm Hursmkgjlt si ge Fm`jltkgs loatmk, wgm eok sgjl `gmswksjlmk wr`m.

Dust geofgkm4 Wiu lovm gkjurrm` :,>>> Muri ia `mbt. Airtlgs yiu poy ok gktmrmst ik `mbt ia ?2 pmr jmkt pmr ok-kue. Mojl eiktl yiu rmpoy :> Muri. Vlmk wgcc yiulovm oeirtgzm` tlm ciok9 Pi jiem ti tlm pigkt, tlm rm-suct gs os `gsgccusgikgkf os tlot wlgjl ^riamssir @r ^mtmr

Hmkkgkf, Jlogr air Eorhmtgkf, mxpmrgmkjm` gk tlm jiktmxtia lgs stu`y ik tlm egkgeoc mjikiegj hkiwcm`fm jik-ùjtm` gk tlm koem ia tlm Eox-^cokjh-Gkstgtutm air Lu-eok @mvmcipemkt gk Bmrcgk. Vgtl tlgs qumstgik, os wgtl2: itlmrs, lm woktm` ti k` iut liw tlgkfs stok` rmfor-`gkf tlm bosgj hkiwcm`fm ia tlm Fmreok pipucotgik ikmjikiegjs. Plm rmsuct gs argfltmkgkfcy bo`. Plm Fmreoksì kit hkiw mkiufl obiut mjikiegj jikkmjtgiks ok`tlus pissgbcy wostm o cit ia eikmy, wos tlm Lok`mcs-bcotts jieemkt ik tlm stu`y. Vm lovm ti bm owormtlot tlgs wos kit o qumstgik ia mxpmrt hkiwcm`fm butrmoccy ikm ia egkgeoc mjikiegj hkiwcm`fm, gs liw

^mtmr Hmkkgkf mxpcogks tlm bojhfriuk` ia tlm stu`y.

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm @orstmccukf `mr Ztu`gm agk`mt sgjl gk4Hmkkgkf, ^mtmr/Vibhmr, Gkfo (2>?>)4 Vgm wmkgf wgrbmr Vgrtsjloatwgssmk, gk4 Lok`mcsbcott, ?:.?2.2>?>

mtmr Hmkkgkf

Vgssmks vik ?>> zu mrrmgjlmk. @mr @urjlsjlkgtt `mrBmaroftmk hoe oe Mk`m oua mgkmk Vmrt vik 1? fm-ro`m mtwos emlr ocs gm Lcatm mssmk ok Vgrtsjloats-hmkktkgssmk, `gm dm`mr Brfmr ge tfcgjlmk Cmbmkmgfmktcgjl broujlt. Kur wmr oc cm Arofmk rgjltgf bmokt-wirtmk hikktm, vmraft bmr òs Vgssmk, òs `gm

Vgrtsjloatswgssmksjloatmk ocs hikiegsjl ukbm-`gkft kitwmk`gf oksmlmk.

Mgk Eg k`msteo ok hikiegsjlme Vgssmkhokk sjlcgmcgjl si eokjlm sjlcmjltm Mktsjlmgùkfvmrlgk`mrk. ]k` wgm Ztu`gmk gk `mk ]ZO zmgftmk4 Bm-sik`mrs luagf cgmmk sgjl ìrt `gmdmkgfmk BrfmrLypitlmhmkhrm`gtm ok`rmlmk, `gm sgm for kgjlt zu-rjhzolcmk hikktmk, wmkk sgm aost kgjlts bmr `gmAgkokzwmct wusstmk uk` sjlcmjlt rmjlkmk hikktmk.

Qmrtmgct gst òs hikiegsjlm Vgssmk oujl òsmrfob `gm Ztu`gm brgfmks mlmr ukfcmgjl. Aroumkzue Bmgspgmc sjlkgttmk `mutcgjl sjlcmjltmr ob ocs

Ekkmr. Zgm sjltztmk bmr`gms smcbst glr Vgssmk gkZojlmk Vgrtsjloat ocs wmsmktcgjl sjlcmjltmr mgk uk`mrzgmctmk zu`me mgkmk ge @urjlsjlkgtt ue zmlkûkhtm sjlcmjltmrmk Vmrt. @mk Fruk` òar smlmk`gm Vgssmksjloatcmr virkmlecgjl òrgk, òss sgjlAroumk bmge Plmeo Fmc` wmkgfmr gk `mr Qmroktwir-tukf slmk ocs Ekkmr uk` `me Plmeo hikiegmoujl wmkgfmr Gktmrmssm mktfmfmkbrjltmk. VmgtmrmMrfmbkgssm `mr Ztu`gm4 Egt Octmr uk` stmgfmk`me Mgk-hieemk kgeet òs egkgeocm hikiegsjlm Vgssmkmbmksi zu wgm egt `me Bgcùkfsobsjlcuss.

Vmcjlmk Mgkfluss lot Em`gmkhiksue9

Gktmksgvmr Em`gmkhiksue sjlcgmcgjl alrt kgjltzwokfswmgsm zu mgkme fmstmgfmrtmk Vgrtsjloatswgs-smk. Vmr bmgspgmcswmgsm vgmc Amrksmlmk sjlout,sjlkmg`mt mlmr sjlcmjltmr ob. Bmaroft wur`mk `gm^ribok`mk brgfmks oujl, wmcjlm Kojlrgjltmksmk-ùkf sgm pramrgmrtmk egt `me Mrfmbkgs, òss `gmdm-kgfmk, `gm kur RPC ohtumcc sjloutmk, obmr kgjlttofmssjlou i`mr lmutm, ue zmlk ûkhtm sjlcmjltmrobsjlkgttmk ocs `gmdmkgfmk, `gm `gm Kojlrgjltmksmk-ùkfmk `mr aamktcgjl-rmjltcgjlmk Zmk`mr vmraicftmk.Mgkmk Vgssmksvirsprukf ue zmlk ûkhtm mrzgmctmk

sjlcgmcgjl oujl `gm Cmsmr vik _uoc gttszmgtukfmkfmfmkbmr Biucmvor`-Tmgtukfmk.

]k` ar sgm ratm mkk oujl gm Csukf mr Mgk-fokfsarofm kojl `mk Zjluc`mk uk` `mrmk Rjhzol-cukf hmgk ^ribcme fmwmsmk smgk. ?0,1 ^rizmkt `mrBmaroftmk fcoubtmk òbmg, `gm rgjltgfm Csukf coutmtm

gk wmkgfmr ocs a ka Dolrmk, :>,6 ^rizmkt fgkfmk vikaka bgs zmlk Dolrmk ous, ? ^rizmkt vik ?1 bgs 2> Dolrmk. @gm rgjltgfmOktwirt, wokk `mkk kuk uktmr `mk fmkokktmk Bm-`gkfukfmk `gm Zjluc`mk fmtgcft smgmk, wusstmk fmro`mmgkeoc 21,= ^rizmkt. ]k` sgm coutmt kotrcgjl4 kgm!
http://www.zu.de/mehr/peter%2Bkeeninghttp://www.zu.de/mehr/peter%2Bkeeninghttp://www.zu.de/mehr/peter%2Bkeeninghttp://www.zu.de/mehr/peter%2Bkeening


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YTwgsjlmkarofm ok ^mtmr Hmkkgkf4 Vos sicctm ous `mkMrfmbkgssmk ok Hiksmqumkzmk fmzifmk wmr`mk9 GeHiktmxt okstmlmk`mr Rmairemk ge Bgcùkfsbmrmgjlsicctm bmrcmft wmr`mk, wmcjlm Hikzmptm `mr Vgssmksvmregttcukf wokk, ùrjl wmk uk` gk wmcjlmr Airemktwgjhmct uk` rmocgsgmrt wmr`mk. Mgkm bmsik`mrm Bm-`mutukf lot obmg gm Eitgvotgik. Zi lobmk gk uksmrmZtu`gm Bmaroftm, gm mgk hikhrmtms Eitgv lottmk, sgjlegt `mr Vgrtsjloat ousmgkok`mr zu smtzmk, wgm mtwomgkm okstmlmk`m Zmcbststk`gfhmgt i`mr mgkm frmrmGkvmstgtgik, mgk `mutcgjl bmssmrms egkgeocms hikieg-

sjlms Vgssmk. Eok sicctm òlmr bmg `mr Hikzmptgik`mr Aireotm arlzmgtgf òroua ojltmk, bmg `mk Cmrkmk-`mk mgk Gktmrmssm ar wgrtsjloatcgjlm Tusoeemklkfmzu wmjhmk. Lgmr sicctmk `gm Qmroktwirtcgjlmk oujlmgkeoc `mk Eut lobmk, hrmotgvm Airemk `mr Vgssmks-vmregttcukf ouszupribgmrmk.


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aakmt `gm

@otmk-Bmstk`m!Vgm hkkmk emlr oetcgjlm Gkaireotgikmk `mk Brfmrk lmcamk9Ztotgstghmk, Hortmk, ^ckm, Fmi-, ]ewmct- uk` Vmttmr`otmk4 etmr uk`Bmlr`mk vmrafmk bmr mgkm geemksm Accm vik Gkaireotgikmk. Lgkzuhieemk ueaokfrmgjlm Eotmrgocgmk `mr ^orcoemktm, Egkgstmrgmk uk`Bmlr`mk. Mgkaojlmr ocs bgslmr hkktmk `gmsm oujl `mk Brfmrk iaamk zurQmrafukf fmstmcct wmr`mk, k`mt ^riamssir @r. Drk vik Cujhm vie@mutsjlm Pmcmhie Gkstgtut ar Jikkmjtm` Jgtgms (PGJJ) ok `mr T].


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@gm aakukf armg zufkfcgjlmr @otmkbmstk`m hkktmpisgtgvm Aicfmk ar Brfmr, Zt`tm uk` Hieeukmklobmk. @gms brgkft Gepucsm zu emlr Prokspormkz,Pmgclobm, Tusoeemkorbmgt siwgm Vgrtsjloatsar`m-rukf. Tu gmsme Mrfmbkgs hieet mgkm Ztu`gm ms PGJJge Ouatrof `mr @mutsjlmk Pmcmhie. Okstzm òarwmr`mk bmgspgmcloat ok `mr P-Jgty Argm`rgjlsloamk

uk` me Bi`mksmmhrmgs gshutgmrt.Vgr bmsjlatgfmk uks ge `gmsme Futojltmk ar

`gm @mutsjlm Pmcmhie òegt, wgm virlok`mkm @otmk-bmstk`m vik Ztoot uk` Qmrwoctukf, gm wm`mr @otmk-sjlutz kijl Oetsfmlmgekgssmk uktmrcgmfmk, ge Gktmrkmtarmg zufkfcgjl fmeojlt wmr`mk hkkmk, mrcutmrtGkstgtutscmgtmr Drk vik Cujhm `mk Aihus `ms Futojl-tmks. Ge Tmgtoctmr vik Ipmk @oto rmgjlt ms kgjlt ous,@otmk mgkaojl ikcgkm zu stmccmk. Qgmcemlr sicctm ob-fmwifmk wmr`mk, ib uk` wgm sgjl @otmkbmstk`miaamk pubcgzgmrmk cossmk. Mgk Zjlwmrpukht cgmft obmgoua `mr Arofmstmccukf, wgm `gmsms îtmktgoc gk `mr

P-Jgty Argm`rgjlsloamk ar îcgtgh, Qmrwoctukf ukÀrgm`rgjlsloamkmr Brfmr fmkutzt wmr`mk hokk, mr-fkzt vik Cujhm.

Ipmk @oto sgk` òbmg `mkgmrt ocs setcgjlm@otmkbmstk`m, `gm ge Gktmrmssm `mr Occfmemgklmgt`mr Fmsmccsjloat ilkm dm`wm`m Mgksjlrkhukf zurarmgmk Kutzukf, zur Vmgtmrvmrbrmgtukf uk` zur armgmkVmgtmrvmrwmkùkf armg zufkfcgjl fmeojlt wmr`mk.

Vmcjlm Ort @otmk cgmfmk bmrloupt vir9

Lgktmrfruk` gst, oss Qmrwoctukfmk gk @mutsjlcok`

bmr frim Emkfmk ok @otmk vmrafmk, `gm ge Zgkkm`mr Ipmk @oto-Bmwmfukf zufkfcgjl fmeojlt wmr-`mk hkktmk. Mgkmr Qmraamktcgjlukf wg`mrsprmjlmkwm`mr @otmksjlutzmrwfukfmk kijl Fmlmgekgsvir-bmloctm. Tu mkhmk gst bmgspgmcswmgsm ok Ztotgstghmk,Fmiòtmk, Hortmk, ^ckm, ]ewmct- uk` Vmttmròtmk.Lgkzu hieemk Eotmrgocgmk `mr ôrcoemktm, Egkgs-tmrgmk uk` Bmlr`mk.

Vmcjlm Gepucsm hkktmk mktstmlmk9

Kojl Mgksjltzukf ms Futojltmks wgr` bmstgeetmk@otmkbmstk`mk bmg Buk`, Ck`mrk uk` Hieeukmkbgslmr zu wmkgf Ouaemrhsoehmgt fmwgèmt. MgkmOuabmrmgtukf uk` `gm armg zufkfcgjlm Bmrmgtstmccukfbmstmlmk`mr @otmk mraakmk dmìjl vgmcactgfm Okst-

zm zu `mrmk Vmgtmrvmrwmrtukf. Tustzcgjl hkkmk siGepucsm zur aakukf vik Ztoot uk` Qmrwoctukf, zuemlr Prokspormkz, Pmgclobm uk` Tusoeemkorbmgtsiwgm zur Gkkivotgik uk` Vgrtsjloatar`mrukf fm-smtzt wmr`mk. @gm Ipmk-@oto-Bmwmfukf lgktmraroftbgslmrgfm Qmraamktcgjlukfsprizmssm ge aamktcgjlmkZmhtir, `gm kijl brfmr- uk` uktmrkmlemksarmuk`-cgjlmr fmstoctmt wmr`mk hkktmk.

Ar `gm Brfmr Argm`rgjlsloamks mrfmbmksgjlhikhrmtm Okhkpaukfspukhtm oua Buk`ms-, Cok`ms-,Hrmgs- uk` Zto`tmbmkm. Buk`, Ck`mr uk` Hieeukmkhkktmk glrm Lousloctspckm vgsuocgsgmrmk uk` to-

fmsohtumcc armg zufkfcgjl eojlmk, ue Brfmr zugkairegmrmk, wos egt Ztmumrfmc mrk possgmrt. Cihoc-picgtgsjlm Gepucsm mrfmbmksgjl ous mgkme armgmk ukìaamkmk Tufokf zu Aolrpcokòtmk, Tuf- uk` Acufbm-wmfukfmk, Ztromkvmrhmlrsòtmk, icgzmgbmrgjltmk,]ewmctòtmk, Fmiòtmk, ^rabmrgjltmk, Volcmrfmb-kgssmk, Rotsgkaireotgikmk uk` Bmbouukfsòtmk.

Vgm hokk `gm Fmsmccsjloat pritgmrmk9

Dkfst lot `gm Buk`msrmfgmrukf `gm aakukf vikZtoot uk` Qmrwoctukf zu mgkme `mr wgjltgfmk ^ri-

dmhtm `mr Qmrwoctu kfsei`mrkgsgmrukf mrhcrt. Pmgc-wmgsm sgk` @otmkbmstk`m mr Qmrwoctukf bmrmgts ocsRilòtmk i`mr gk ouabmrmgtmtmr Aire armg zufkfcgjl.Egt tmjlkgsjlmk uk` irfokgsotirgsjlmk Eokolemkhkkm gm Ouabmrmgtukf, gm @otmkbmrmgtstmccukf uk``mrmk Vmgtmrkutzukf uk` Vmgtmrvmrwmrtukf vmrbms-smrt wmr`mk, bmagk`mt vik Cujhm. @gm Fmsmccsjloatpritgmrm vik `mr Iaamklmgt uk` Prokspormkz ùrjlarmg zufkfcgjlm @otmk, `mkk `gmsm strhtmk òs Qmr-troumk `mr Bmvchmrukf uk` `mr Vgrtsjloa t gk Ztootuk` Qmrwoctukf.


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Vgm @mutsjlcok`skjlstm ]ktmrkmlemr-fmkmrotgik `mkhtVos loctmk Agremkkojlaicfmr vik Vmrtmk, Bgc`ukf, Horrgmrmuk` fmsmccsjloatcgjlme Mkfofmemkt9


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YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Rmgklor` rfc4 Gkwgmamrk eusstmkZgm okakfcgjlm Okkolemk rmvg`gmrmk9 @o ms sgjl bm`mr Ztu`gm ue mgkm mrstm Mxpcir otgik mgkms bgs òtiwmkgf mrairsjltmk Bmrmgjls lok`mct, sgk` wgr rmjltiaamk gk gmsm Ztu`gm fmfokfmk. @mkkijl fob ms mgkgfmbmrrosjlmk`m Mrfmbkgssm, si b mgspgmcswmgsm gm Pot-sojlm, oss mgkm mgfmkm Frkùkf lkcgjl lilm Ohzmptokzwmrtm ge Aoegcgmk- uk` Armuk`mshrmgs mrrmgjltwgm gm bmrkolem ms bmrmgts bmstmlmk`mk Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemks. ]k`4 Qgmcm `mr (pitmkzgmccmk) Kojlaic-fmr gk uksmrmr Ztgjlpribm lobmk totsjlcgjl bmrmgts

Ztort-up-Mraolrukf fmsoeemct, wos oujl mgkm gktmr-mssoktm Cmfgtgeotgiksstrotmfgm ar gm Kojlaicfmrgki`mr `mk Kojlaicfmr smgk hokk.

Houe mgk Amc` gk mr Vgrtsjloat gst si wmkgf mrairsjlwgm òs `mr Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemk. ]k` kijl wmkgfmòs `mr Fmkmrotgik, `gm `mk lmutgfmk Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemrk aicfmk wgr`. @mslocb lot òs Argm`rgjlsloamkmr Gkstgtut ar Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemk (AGA) ok `mr T]gk `mr bgscokf frtmk Ztu`gm @mutsjlcok` @mutsjlcok`s kjlstm ]ktmrkmlemrfmkmrotgik uktmrsujlt.


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YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Rmgklor` ^rfc4 Fgbt ms mgkm pmr-skcgjlm Qmrbgkùkf zu `me Plmeo9 @gm fgbt ms tot-sjlcgjl4 Emgk Qotmr lot ocs mxtmrkmr Fmsjlatsalrmrgk mgkme egt tmcstk`gsjlmk Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemk`mk Fritmgc smgkmr bmruacgjlmk Couabolk vmrbrojlt.@obmg lobm gjl vgmcm `mr Lmrousair`mrukfmk uk`Jlokjmk ge Hiktmxt vik Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemk (egt)mrcmbt, ò gjl mgkmrsmgts `ms atmrmk smcbst gk `gmsme]ktmrkmlemk egtfmorbmgtmt lobm uk` oujl `rmg Fm-kmrotgikmk `mr ]ktmrkmlemraoegcgm bmr `gm Dolrmlgkwmf smlr fut hmkkmkfmcmrkt lobm.

@gmsm Fmkmrotgik gst mgkm Cmgstukfsmcgtm. Zgm smlmksgjl sjlik arl gk `mr Qmroktwirtukf ar òs Aoeg-cgmkuktmrkmlemk uk` ar `gm Fmsmccsjloat, aosst^ria. Rmgklor` ^rfc, wgssmksjloatcgjlmr C mgtmr `msAGA uk` Gklobmr `ms Cmlrstulc ar Gkkivotgik, Pmjl-kicifgm & Mktrmprmkmurslgp, `gm Ztu`gm gk Tusoeemk-orbmgt egt `mr Ztgatukf Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemk uk``me Vgrtsjloatseofozgk gepucsm zusoeemk.

Vmcjlm Vmrtloctukfmk bmstmlmk9

Tgmc `mr Ztu`gm wor ms, fmkmrmccm Vmrtloctukfmk, `gmMgkstmccukf zu `mk Plmemk Aoegcgm uk` Aoegcgmkuk-tmrkmlemk, Bgcùkf, Kmtzwmrhm uk` fmsmccsjloatcg-jlms Mkfofmemkt siwgm Horrgmrm- uk` Kojlaicfm-pckm `ms Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemr-Kojlwujlsms gk@mutsjlcok` zu mrairsjlmk. Tu gmsme Twmjh wur`mkzukjlst 20? Qmrtrmtmr gmsmr Tgmcfruppm egttmcs mgkmsstokòr`gsgmrtmk Arofmbifmks mrrmgjlt. Ar `gm wmg-tmrm Okocysm wur`mk `gm Oktwirtmk `mr gksfmsoet2>2 bmaroftmk ]ktmrkmlemrsprsscgkfm gk mr Octmrs-fruppm `mr ?1- bgs :=-Dlrgfmk lmrokfmzifmk uk` bgc-

`mtmk gm Fruk`cofm mr mepgrgsjlmk Mxpcirotgik. @gmMrfmbkgssm4

@gm Bmaroftmk smlmk `gm Vmrtloctukfmk Mgfmk-vmroktwirtcgjl cmbmk uk` orbmgtmk, Mgkmk ôrtkmrlobmk, `me eok vmrtroumk hokk uk` Ouarmjltmr-loctukf mgkmr stobgcmk Vgrtsjloat ocs zmktroc ok.Fcmgjlzmgtgf wmr`mk gm Vmrtm @os tuk, wos ok`mrmoujl tuk uk` Oe Octlmrfmbrojltmk amstloctmkstorh obfmcmlkt. ^rfc4 @mk mgfmkmk Vmf zu fmlmk,sjlmgkt gk `gmsmr Fmkmrotgik vik frimr Bm`mutukfzu smgk ilkm òbmg dmìjl `gm Vurzmck zu vmrfms-smk. @gms zmgfm sgjl ok `mr mgklmccgf lilmk Tustge-

eukf zu Vmrtloctukfmk wgm Acmggf uk` mlrfmgzgfsmgk (72 ^rizmkt), Futm Armuk`m, `gm mgkmk okmrhmk-kmk uk` ohzmptgmrmk (70 ^rizmkt) i`mr Mgk futmsAoegcgmkcmbmk alrmk (72 ^rizmkt).

Gkwgmwmgt prft `gm Aoegcgm9

@gm bmaroftmk pitmkzgmccmk Kojlwujlsuktmrkmlemrsgk` bmrous hiipmrotgv mgkfmstmcct, uk` zwor siwilcgk Bmzuf oua glrm Fmsjlwgstmr ocs oujl gk Bmzuf oua`gm Mgkbgkùkf aoegcgmk-mxtmrkmr Fmsjlatsalrmr.@oegt vmrbuk`mk gst mgkm smlr pisgtgvm Mgkstmccukffmfmkbmr tmoeirgmktgmrtme Orbmgtmk uk` `me ò-

egt vmrbuk`mkmk portgzgpotgvmk Alr ukfsstgc. Aròs Zpokkukfsamc` bmruflgjlmr fmfmkbmr prgvotmrQmrpflgjltukfmk lmrrsjlt mgk frims Bmwusstsmgk.Ge Twmgamcsaocc, mrhcrt ^rfc, wmr`mk dmìjl `gmBm`rakgssm ms ]ktmrkmlemks vir dmkm mr Aoegc gmfmstmcct.

Ar gm bmaroftmk Kojlwujlsuktmrkmlemr lotBgcùkf mgkmk lilmk Ztmccmkwmrt uk` sgm sgk` bmrmgt,gk glrm Bgcùkf zu gkvmstgmrmk. Zi lot mgk mrlmbcgjlmrOktmgc Mraolrukfmk egt prgvotmk ]kgvmrsgttmk uk`

Lijlsjlucmk4 Ruk` :> ^rizmkt `mr Bmaroftmk lobmkge Qmrcoua glrms Ztu`gues ok mgkmr ^rgvotukgvmrsgttstu`gmrt i`mr tuk `gms mrzmgt. Hkopp bmr 0? rizmktlobmk bmrmgts ueaokfrmgjlm Ouscok`smraolrukf fm-soeemct uk` ckfmrm Tmgt (ge Ztu`gue i`mr ge Dib)ge gktmrkotgikocmk ]eamc` vmrbrojlt. @gm aoegcgrm^rfukf wgr` gk `mr Vmrtsjltzukf sizgocmr Hiktohtm(mgk frimr Armuk`mshrmgs wgr` ocs wgjltgf mrojltmt)ocs oujl gk mgkme lilmk Qmroktwirtukfsfmalc ar`gm Fmsmccsjloat mrhmkkbor. @gm Bmaroftmk mkfofgmrmksgjl bmsik`mrs gk `mk Bmrmgjlmk Zizgocms, Zpirt uk`Huctur.

Vgmvgmcm wiccmk Kojlaicfmr wmr`mk9

Tu`me gst ous `mk Mrfmbkgssmk `mr Okocysm gksfm-soet mgk bmojltcgjlms îtmkzgoc ar `gm ipmrotgvmKojlaicfmge Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemk gkkmrlocb `mrvircgmfmk`mk Ztgjlpribm obzucmgtmk. Emlr ocs dm`mrzwmgtm Bmaroftm (== ^rizmkt) pcokt, gk obsmlbormr Tmgtocs Kojlaicfmr uktmrkmlemrgsjl ohtgv zu wmr`mki`mr gst bmrmgts gk `mr Qmroktwirtukf ge Aoegcgmk-uktmrkmlemk. Kur ruk` ?0 ^rizmkt lobmk vir, `gmskgjlt zu tuk, uk` wmgtmrm 26 rizmkt lobmk ozu kijlhmgkm Mktsjlmgùkf fmtriaamk. Gk `mr Zueem hkkmksgjl siegt emlr ocs `rmg Qgmrtmc prgkzgpgmcc `gm bmr-kolem `ms Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemks virstmccmk. Ocswolrsjlmgkcgjlmr bmrkolemzmgtpukht zmgft sgjlmgk Vmrt vik gk ùrjlsjlkgttcgjl =,< Dolrmk. Bmg `mkHorrgmrmoctmrkotgvmk gst Zmcbststk`gfhmgt uk` ]ktmr-kmlemrtue egt =: ^rizmkt hcor mrstm ^ramrmkz virmgkmr Okstmccukf i`mr Egtorbmgt gk mgkme Aoegcgmk-uktmrkmlemk (:= ^rizmkt).


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2

Plmrm gs lor`cy ok ormo gk busgkmss tlot los bmmk rmsmorjlm` os cgttcm os tlot ia aoegcy mktmrprgsms. Ok` mvmk

cmss tlot ia tlm fmkmrotgik tlot gs smt ti aicciw tiòysaoegcy mktrmprmkmurs. Gk jiipmrotgik wgtl tlm aiukòtgik aoegcy mktmrprgsms (Ztgatukf Aoegcgmkuktmrkmlemkok` tlm busgkmss eofozgkm gepucsm, tlm Argm`rgjlsloamk Gkstgtutm air Aoegcy Mktrmprmkmurslgp (AGA) lookocyzm` gk tlm jurrmktcy eist jieprmlmksgvm stu`y gkFmreoky Fmreokys Kmxt Fmkmrotgik ia Mktrmprmkmurs (@mutsjlcok`s kjlstm ]ktmrkmlemrfmkmrotgik). Vgtl surprgsgkf rmsucts. Plgs fmkmrotgik gs o fmkmrotgik ia ojlgmvmrs. Arie morcy ik tlmy smm tlmesmcvmsgk o pisgtgik ia rmspiksgbgcgty air tlm aoegcy mktmrprgsmok` air sijgmty, soys ^riamssir Rmgklor` ^rfc, ojo`megj

lmo` ia tlm AGA wli lic`s tlm Jlogr air Gkkivotgik, Pmjlkicify ok` Mktrmprmkmurslgp. Plm oge ia tlm stu`y wosti rmsmorjl tlm fmkmroc vocums, tlm ottgtu`m tiwor`s tlmtipgjs ia aoegcy ok` aoegcy mktmrprgsms, mùjotgik, kmtwirhs, sijgoc jieegtemkt, os wmcc os pcoks ia jormmr ok`sujjmssgik tlot orm lmc` by tlm kmxt fmkmrotgik ia Fmreok aoegcy mktrmprmkmurs.

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm @orstmccukf `mr Ztu`gm agk`mt sgjl gk^rfc, Rmgklor` (2>??)4 @mutsjlcok`s kjlstm ]ktmr-kmlemrfmkmrotgik4 Mgkm mepgrgsjlm ]ktmrsujlukf`mr Vmrtloctukf, Mgkstmccukfmk uk` ^ckm8 ZtgatukfAoegcgmkuktmrkmlemk

Rmgklor` rfc
http://www.zu.de/mehr/reinhard-prueglhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/reinhard-prueglhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/reinhard-prueglhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/reinhard-pruegl


28/88

2 uk` ge Qmrcoua `msDolrms 2>??. Ocs oe 7. Oufust 2>>6 `gm frim Vmct-

Agkokz-, Bokhmk- uk` Vgrtsjloatshrgsm bmfokk, lot-tmk zuvir mgkgfm Vgrtsjloatsmxpmrtmk zwor wor-kmk` mk Tmgfmkfmr fmlibmk, occmr`gkfs hmgk Fmlrfmauk`mk. @mkkijl lobmk Mxpmrtmk Hikdukhturwgm kgm zuvir4 Zgm sgk` gk zolcrmgjlmk porcoemktorg-sjlmk Hieegssgik vmrtrmtmk, bmrotmk Hikzmrkm, bm-vchmrk `gm Poch-Zliws i`mr lmcamk `me Brfmr bmghiepcmxmk Arofmk `ms Occtofs.

Emlr `mkk dm gst Vgssmk lmutm gk occmk Bmrmg-jlmk uksmrmr Fmsmccsjloat Fruk`cofm uk` Rgjlt-sjlkur emksjlcgjlmk Lok`mcks, stmcct Ztmlr zueMxpmrtmk-^lkiemk amst, `gms lot wmgtrmgjlmk`m

sizgocm Aicfmk, `gm grrmvmrsgbmc sgk`. Ei`mrkm Fm-smccsjloatmk lttmk kgjlt kur mgkmk wojlsmk`mkBmòra ok Vgssmk, sik`mrk oujl ok Mxpmrtgsm. ]k`òs lot Frk`m. Tue mgkmk hkktm eok `mkhmk,`gmsm ]rsojlmk cfmk gk strhmr mepauk`mkmr ]ksg-jlmrlmgt uk` mrlltmk Rgsghmk, soft Ztmlr. ]k` eokhkktm mbmkaoccs okkmlemk, òss `gm Rmfgmrborhmgtei`mrkmr Fmsmccsjloatmk geemr hiepcgzgmrtmr wmr`muk` òlmr `gm Kojlarofm kojl kmumk Zpmzgochmkkt-kgssmk wojlsm. Aicfm eok kuk `gmsmk bmrcmfuk-fmk, si trmtm Vgssmk sifor emlr uk` emlr ok `gmZtmccm `mr hcossgsjlmk ^riùhtgiksaohtirmk Mgfmk-tue, Orbmgt uk` Bi`mk. ]k` `mr Mxpmrtm wmr`m òbmg

zue Lk`cmr uk` Egttcmr `ms Vgssmks. Zmgkm Riccmbmstmlm òrgk, oklok` vik spmzgsjlmk Ktzcgjl-hmgtshrgtmrgmk zur Mrrmgjlukf bmstgeetmr Tgmcsmtzuk-fmk mgkm Volc `mr possmk`mk Egttmc zu trmaamk.

Vmr wgr` mgfmktcgjl Mxpmrtm9

@obmg gst ar Ztmlr bmemrhmkswmrt, wmcjlm Bok`-brmgtm ok Mxpmrtmk occmgk ous `mr Vgssmksjloat bmg-spgmcswmgsm gk picgtgsjlmk Frmegmk vmrtrmtmk gst.

@gmsm rmgjlt vie ohtgvmk, priùhtgvmk uk` lilmRmputotgik fmkgmmk`mk Airsjlmr bgs lgk zue Vgs-smksjloatseokofmr uk` zu Oho`meghmrk, `gm vgmc-cmgjlt kgm smlr priùhtgv wormk. @gm Frmegmk `gmktmkòkk `mr Qirbmrmgtukf picgtgsjlmr Mktsjlmgùkfmkuk` `mr Cmfgtgeotgiksbmsjloaaukf uk` `mr ]e-stok`, òss Vgssmksjloatcmr egtwgrhtmk, vmrcmglmeokjlmk Qirsjlcfmk mrst gm Cmfgtgeotgik. Ar `gmMxpmrtmk wgm`mrue smgmk ùrjlous storhm Okrmgzmvirlok`mk, sgjl òrok zu bmtmgcgfmk. Zi hokk `gmEgtwgrhukf `gm mgfmkm Horrgmrm bmar`mrk, obmr oujlbmsjl`gfmk, gk dm`me Aocc klrt sgm geemrlgkLiaakukf oua Mgkflusskolem wgm bmfrk`mt sgmoujl geemr smgk eof.

Vmr`mk Mxpmrtmk zu Eojltlobmrk9

Mxpmrtmk wr`mk obmr kur okk zu Mxpmrtmk, wmkksgm wgssmk, wgm sgm Ouatroffmbmr vik `mr Ktzcgjl-hmgt uk` Rgjltgfhmgt glrms Rots bmrzmufmk hkkmk.Glr Vgssmk bmrulm oua spmzgsjlmk Gkloctmk, uk``me Hkiw-liw, wgm ms oe bmstmk mgkzusmtzmk smg.Fmro`m gk `mr Fmfmkwortsfmsmccsjloat alrm `gm Tu-kolem vik Vgssmksorbmgt zu mgkme wojlsmk`mkOkfmbit ok Mxpmrtmkwgssmk. ]k` fcmgjlzmgtgf wojlsm


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YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Kgji Ztmlr4 Vmcjlm pmrskcgjlmkHiksmqumkzmk zgmlmk Zgm ocs Mxpmrtm gk Hieegssgikmk

ous `mk Mrfmbkgssmk9 Ibfcmgjl eok `mk Ztmccmkwmrtuk` `mk Mgkacuss vik Mxpmrtmkwgssmk kgjlt bmrsjlt-zmk sicctm, hkkmk Zpmzgochmkktkgssm mtwos bmwmfmk.

YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Kgji Ztmlr4 Vmslocb lobmk Zgm`gmsms Plmeo fmwlct9 Okfmsgjlts `mr wojlsmk`mkBm`mutukf vik wgssmksjloatcgjl-tmjlkgsjlmk Mrhmkkt-kgssmk gk occmk Cmbmkscofmk uksmrmr Fmsmccsjloat, zu`mr kgjlt zucmtzt Mxpmrtmk spmzgmccm Hmkktkgssm bmgtrofmk,cgmft ms oua `mr Lok`, glrm Riccm ge Rolemk mgkmr Plmi-rgm `mr ei`mrkmk Fmsmccsjloat fmkou zu okocysgmrmk.

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm @orstmccukf `mr Ztu`gm agk`mt sgjl gkZtmlr, Kgji/Frukèokk, Rmgkmr (2>?>)4 Mxpmrtmkwgs-smk. @gm Huctur uk` `gm Eojlt vik Mxpmrtmk, Bmrotmrkuk` Rotfmbmrk, Vmgcmrswgst, Qmcbrjh Vgssmksjloat

Kgji Ztmlr

Vlmk tlm Bmrcgk Vocc amcc ik Kivmebmr >7, ?7??. Vlmk tlm jrgsgs iafciboc kokjm, tlm bokhgkf smjtir ok` tlm mjikiey bm-fok ik Oufust >7, 2>>6, siem mjikiegj mxpmrts lo`rogsm` ok oèikgslgkf kfmr, but lo` kit bmmk lmor`.Mxpmrts orm aoslgikobcm os kmvmr bmairm4 Plmy orm rmprm-smktm` gk kuemrius porcgoemktory jieegssgiks, jik-

suct jirpirotgiks, ok` pipucotm toch sliws. Plmy orm ottlm soem tgem gk`gspmksgbcm ok` jiktrivmrsgoc. Vly gs gttlot si-joccm` mxpmrts lovm fogkm` gk gepirtokjm tisujl ok mxtmkt9 Vlot gs gt tlot eohms ok mxpmrt ok mx-pmrt9 Vlgjl ricm ì tlmy tohm ik9 Ok` wlot occ ì mx-pmrts hkiw (ir kit9) ^riamssir Kgji Ztmlr, wli lic`s tlmHorc-Eokklmge-Jlogr air Jucturoc Zjgmkjms, los oko-cyzm` tlgs. Lgs rmsuct, Mxpmrts orm hkiwcm`fm brihmrs,tlmy usm tlm armm spojm tlot mxgsts bmtwmmk hkiwcm`fmpriùjtgik ok` tlm kmm` air jiksuctgkf, bmtwmmk tlmgksmjurgty ia ojo`megj aojts ok` tlm kmm` air ojtgik,bmtwmmk tlm rmcmosm ia ojo`megj rmsmorjl ok` k`gkfsok` tlm urfmkt ògcy busgkmss.

`gm Kojlarofm kojl Vgssmk oua Zmgtmk vik ]ktmr-kmlemk, stootcgjlmr Qmrwoctukfmk, icgtgh uk` Br-fmrk. Ztmlr4 Mxpmrtmk spgmcmk mgkm zmktrocm Riccm gk`mr Rmùhtgik vik Hiepcmxgtt `ms virlok`mkmk,sgjl stk`gf ous`mlkmk`mk Vgssmks, os kgmeocs zuobsjlcgmmk`mk Mrfmbkgssmk zu hieemk sjlmgkt.Mxpmrtmk `mkgmrtmk Zgtuotgikmk, smtztmk ^rgirgt-tmk, fbmk Lok`cukfsokcmgtukfmk uk` sjlamk Cm-fgtgeotgik ar picgtgsjlms Lok`mck. Egt tmgcs poro-ìxmk Aicfmk4 @mkk zolcrmgjlm Hiktrivmrsmk bmr

wgssmksjloatcgjlm uk` tmjlkgsjlm Fripridmhtm(eok `mkhm kur ok Ztuttfort 2?), lttmk cout Ztmlrzu mgkmr Hrgsm `mr Mxpmrtgsm fmalrt, `gm òkk ùrjl`mk Mgksotz vik Mxpmrtgsm bmorbmgtmt wmr`m.

Kmum Eojltlobmr wr`mk Mxpmrtmk gk `mr Fm-smccsjloat òegt obmr kijl cokfm kgjlt. Zgm hkktmkzwor Mktsjlmgùkfmk ùrjl Ouswolc, Fmwgjltukfuk` Gktmrprmtotgik vik Vgssmk bmmgkflussmk. Obmrbmr gm Qmrwmkùkf mr Mxpmrtgsm bmstgeetmk ge-emr kijl gm Ouatroffmbmr i`mr os icgtghsystme.

Ztmlrs Zjlcussaicfmrukf4 Mxpmrtmk sgk` Qmr-egttcmr vik Vgssmk, òs lmgt kgjlt ukegttmcbor

^riùzmktmk vik kmumk Mrhmkktkgssmk, sgm kutzmk`mk Armgroue, `mr mxgstgmrt zwgsjlmk `mr Vgssmks-priùhtgik uk` `me Bmrotukfsbmòra, zwgsjlmk`mr ]ksgjlmrlmgt wgssmksjloatcgjlmr Potsojlmk uk``me Lok`cukfsbmòra, zwgsjlmk `mr Armgstmccukfwgssmksjloatcgjlmr Airsjlukf uk` Mrhmkktkgs uk``me `rgkfmk`mk Pofmsfmsjlat. Oujl wmkk sgm ò-bmg fmcmfmktcgjl, wgm ge Aoccm vik Hrgsmk uk` ]e-wczukfmk, roeotgsjl òkmbmk cgmfmk.
http://www.zu.de/mehr/nico-stehrhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/nico-stehrhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/nico-stehrhttp://www.zu.de/mehr/nico-stehr


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YTwgsjlmkarofm ok Zoshgo Rgjltmr4 Vgm hkktm eokZgm bmg Glrmr Airsjlukf uktmrsttzmk9 @gm Tgvgc-fmsmccsjloat gst kgjlt vie Zjlrmgbtgsjl mrairsjlbor.Vgr armumk uks bmr mkfofgmrtm Zizgocuktmrkmlemruk` gkkivotgvm Vilcaolrtsvmrbk`m, `gm uks vikglrmk kmumk Fmsjlatsei`mccm bmrgjltmk. ]k` wgrarmumk uks bmr wmgtmrm Vgssmksjloatsar`mrmr `mkk os Plmeo gst si wgjltgf wgm uktmrairsjlt.Gksbmsik`mrm ge gktmrkotgikocmk Bmrmgjl.

Kojllgcam ar Louptsjlcmr,`gm Ousbgcùkf vik Bmlgk`mr-tmk uk` `gm Bmtrmuukf vikZtroafmaokfmkmk uktmr wgrt-sjloatcgjlmk Fmsgjltspukhtmkirfokgsgmrmk, òbmg obmr hmgkmFmwgkkobsgjlt vmraicfmk,sik`mrk òs sizgocm ^ribcmecsmk4 Gk @mutsjlcok` biiemkZizgocuktmrkmlemk oujl ok`mr T]. Kuk wmr`mk sgm mrst-eocs mgkfmlmk` uktmrsujlt.

@os Jgvgc Zijgmty Jmktmr | JgZiJok `mr T] lot ge Rolemk `msEmrjotir Airsjlukfskmtzwmr-hms Zijgoc Mktrmprmkmurslgpegt mgkmr Qmremssukf vikZizgocuktmrkmlemk gk @mutsjl-cok` bmfikkmk.

Gk `mk vmrfokfmkmk Dolrmk fob ms gk `mkEm`gmk vgmc Bmrgjltmrstottukf bmr uktmr-kmlemrgsjlm Frkùkfmk ge sifmkokk-tmk @rgttmk Zmhtir. Zizgocuktmrkmlemkwgrhmk wgm `gm uktmrkmlemrgsjlm Liaa-kukf `mr Tgvgcfmsmccsjloat `ms 2?. Dolr-luk`mrts. Obmr wgm sgk` Zizgocuktmrkml-

emk irfokgsgmrt, wgm hieeukgzgmrmk sgm,wgm rmkokzgmrmk sgm sgjl uk` wgm wmr`mksgm rmfucgmrt9 Occ os sgk` Airsjlukfsaro-fmk, `gm ^riamssir @r. Ztmplok O. Doksmkuk` @r. Zoshgo Rgjltmr vie Jgvgc ZijgmtyJmktmr | JgZiJ okocysgmrmk. Ge Rolemk`ms Emrjotir- Airsjlukfskmtzwmrhms Zi-jgoc Mktrmprmkmurslgp | EMAIZM uktmr-

sujlmk sgm fmemgksoe egt Vgssmksjloatcmrk `mr]kgvmrsgtt Lmg`mcbmrf uk` `mr P] Ekjlmk uk` fm-ar`mrt urjl gm Ztgatukf Emrjotir ruk` 2.>>> Zizgoc-irfokgsotgikmk gk `mr bgslmr frtmk buk`mswmgtmk

Bmarofukf zue Plmeo.Tgmcm `ms Airsjlukfskmtzwmrhs sgk` (?) `gm mrstm

brmgt okfmcmftm wgssmksjloatcgjlm Okocysm zu Zizgoc-uktmrkmlemk uk` `mrmk ]eamc`mr gk @mutsjlcokùk` (2) Lok`cukfsmepamlcukfmk ar îcgtgh, Tgvgcfm-smccsjloat, Lijlsjlucmk uk` Irfokgsotgikmk. @osAirsjlukfskmtzwmrh mrstmcct `mkgtirgsjlm Orbmgtmkzue Plmeo Zizgocuktmrkmlemrtue gk @mutsjlcokùk` bmttmt `gmsm gk ]ktmrsujlukfmk zur Tgvgcfmsmcc-sjloat mgk. Tu`me sgk` gm Vgssmksjloatcmr fmemgk-soe egt mr Ztgatukf Emrjotir gk icgtghbmrotukfmk`mr Buk`msrmfgmrukf mgkfmbuk`mk, si òss sgm sgjl

kgjlt kur Airsjlukfsmrfmbkgssm, sik`mrk oujl hik-hrmtm Ohtgvgttmk vmrsprmjlmk.

Vos lmgt òs ar `gm Airsjlukf uk` `gm T] smcbst9

@gm Qmremssukf `mr bmaroftmk Zizgocuktmrkmlemk ocsi Frk`mrk `mr cmtztmk aka Dolrm (sijgoc mktrmprm-kmurm) siwgm Vilcaolrtsvmrbk`mk (sijgoc gktroprm-kmurm) mraicft oklok` `mr vgmr Hrgtmrgmk Irfokgso-tgik, Eorht, Hieeukghotgik, Agkokzgmrukf. _umr zu`gmsmk Loupthotmfirgmk cgmfmk `gm Arofmk kojl Mkt-stmlukf, Cmfgtgegtt uk` Fivmrkokjm. @obmg frmgamk`gm Ztu`gmk òs ^lkiemk gk smgkmr viccmk Brmgtm. Zgm

sgk` òlmr gktmr- uk` euctg`gszgpcgkr egt Emtli`mkuk` Hiktmxtuocgsgmrukfmk okfmcmft uk` vmrwmk`mkOkstzm uk` Plmirgmk ous îcgtghwgssmksjloat uk`Zizgicifgm, Bmtrgmbswgrtsjloatscmlrm uk` Agkokzwgs-smksjloat, Fmsjlgjltm uk` lgcisiplgm.

@gm ]ktmrsujlukf vik Zizgocuktmrkmlemk gstar `gm T] vik bmsik`mrme Gktmrmssm. Mgkgfm sicjlmr

]ktmrkmlemk wur`mk gk `mk vmrfokfmkmk Dolrmkvik Ztu`gmrmk`mk `mr ]kgvmrsgtt smcbst fmfrk`mt4Rijh Wiur Cgam, frmmkmstjor.`m uk` Zprmo` tlmVir` `gms occms sgk` sizgocm Irfokgsotgikmk ge Ai-hus `ms Airsjlukfskmtzwmrhs, `gm ok `mr T] fmfrk-`mt wur`mk. Kgjlt vmrwuk`mrcgjl, òss `gm T] geArldolr 2>?2 vik `mr Ztgatukf Emrjotir egt `me^rmgs Emlr ocs Airsjlukf uk` Cmlrm! pregmrt wur-`m. ]ktmr `me Ztgjlwirt ]kgvmrsgty Zijgoc Rmspik-sgbgcgty gktmfrgmrt `gm T] fmsmccsjloatcgjlms Mraol-rukfscmrkmk gk òs Ztu`gue.

@os JgZiJ gst smgt smgkmr Frkùkf ge Dolr 2>?>

storh fmwojlsmk gksbmsik`mrm ùrjl Ar`mrukfmgkms gktmrkotgikocmk Froùgmrtmkhiccmfs e gt vgmroarghokgsjlmk uk` cotmgkoemrghokgsjlmk ]kgvmrsg-ttmk ùrjl `gm Zgmemks Ztgatukf. Lgmr fmlt ms uemgkm vmrfcmgjlmk`m Okocysm `ms Zijgoc MjikiegjMepiwmremkt egt Aihus oua Zizgocuktmrkmlemk.

Obmr wos sgk` Zizgocuktmrkmlemk fmkou9

Tur Qmremssukf `mr Irfokgsotgikmk lot òs Kmtz-wmrh mgkm @mkgtgik egt ?0 Hrgtmrgmk aireucgmrt4 @o-rgk fmlmk `gm Vgssmksjloatcmr òvik ous, òss Zizg-ocuktmrkmlemk (?) Frkùkfsirfokgsotgikmk i`mr(2) Kmuousrgjltukfmk bmstmlmk`mr Irfokgsotgikmksgk`, gm (:) mgkmk lilmk Gkstgtutgikocgsgmrukfsfroègt (0) virzufswmgsm fmsmccsjloats- bzw. vmrmgks-rmjltcgjlmr Hikstgtutgik uk` (=) `mk òegt vmrbuk-`mkmk aireocmk Fivmrkokjm-Ztruhturmk ouawmgsmk.Zgm smtzmk òbmg (1) oua mgkm uktmrkmlemrgsjlm Mkt-wgjhcukf vik (6) shocgmrbormk gkkivotgvmk Bcum-prgkts, gegtgmrmk`mk Frkùkfmk bzw. Kmuousrgjl-tukfmk bmstmlmk`mr Irfokgsotgikmk zur (


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Gk tlm cost ymors tlmrm lovm bmmk eoky rmpirts gk tlm

em`go obiut aiukòtgiks gk tlm si-joccm` tlgr` smjtir.Zijgoc mktmrprgsms smme ti bm tlm mktrmprmkmurgoc lipmia tlm jgvgc sijgmty ia tlm 2?st jmktury. But liw orm sijgocmktmrprgsms irfokgzm`, liw ì tlmy jieeukgjotm, liwì tlmy rmkokjm tlmesmcvms ok` liw orm tlmy rmfu-cotm`9 Occ tlmsm orm rmsmorjl qumstgiks tlot ^riamssir @rZtmplok O. Doksmk ok` @r Zoshgo Rgjltmr arie tlm JgvgcZijgmty Jmktmr | JgZiJ okocyzm. Gk tlm jiktmxt ia tlmEmrjotir rmsmorjl kmtwirh Zijgoc Mktrmprmkmurslgp |EMAIZM, tifmtlmr wgtl sjgmktgsts arie tlm ]kgvmrsgty iaLmg`mcbmrf ok` tlm P] Ekjlmk ok` spiksirm` by tlm

aiukòtgik Ztgatukf Emrjotir tlmy rmsmorjl opprixg-

eotmcy 2,>>> sijgoc mktmrprgsms ik tlgs tipgj tlm eistjieprmlmksgvm survmy gk Fmreoky up-ti-kiw. Plm ogesia tlm rmsmorjl kmtwirh orm tlm rst, brio`-bosm` ojo-`megj okocysgs ik sijgoc mktmrprgsms ok` tlmgr mkvgrik-emkts gk Fmreoky, os wmcc os rmjieemk`m` ojtgiks airpicgtgjs, tlm jgvgc sijgmty, ukgvmrsgtgms ok` tlm irfokgzo-tgiks. Plm rmsmorjl kmtwirh `rows up `mkgkf wirhs iktlm tipgj ia sijgoc mktrmprmkmurslgp gk Fmreoky ok`mebm`s tlme gk okocysms ik jgvgc sijgmty. O``gtgikoccytlm sjgmktgsts tifmtlmr wgtl tlm aiukòtgik ZtgatukfEmrjotir orm gkvicvm` gk tlm picgtgjoc jiksuctgkf iatlm am`mroc fivmrkemkt, si tlot tlmy mxpmjt kit ikcyrmsmorjl k`gkfs but ocsi jikjrmtm ojtgvgtgms.

Mgkm ousalrcgjlm @orstmccukf `mr Ztu`gm agk`mt sgjlge Gktmrkmt uktmr www.emaism.`m@iwkcio` `mr Orbmgts`magkgtgik vik Zizgocuktmr-kmlemk4popmrs

Zizgocuktmrkmlemk smtzmk obmg (7) oujl oua vmregt-tmctm uk` oua Fmsmccsjloat rmamrgmrmk`m Zmcbstcmfgtg-egmrukf uk` (?>) `gm kgjlt oussjlcgmcgjl `mr eorht-cgjlmk Oustousjlcifgh aicfmk`mk Eibgcgsgmrukf wmrt-sjlpaukfs- bzw. irfokgsotgiksbmzifmkmr Rmssiurjmk@rgttmr. Zgm bmwmfmk sgjl (??) mktwm`mr ge Vmttbm-wmrb zu stootcgjlmk bzw. stootskolmk Cmgstukfsmr-

brgkfmrk wgm oujl mr irfokgsgmrtmk Tgvgcfmsmccsjloati`mr sgk` (?2) okocif zu hcossgsjlmk ]ktmrkmlemrkar mgkm Eorhtkmusjloaaukf vmroktwirtcgjl. Zizgoc-uktmrkmlemk (?:) wmgsmk hmgk Zmcbstmrloctukfsgktm-rmssm oua, wmkk òs zufruk`m cgmfmk`m sizgocm ^ri-bcme fmcst gst bzw. `gm G`mktghotgik vik sizgocmk^ribcmebmrmgjlmk uk` `mrmk Csukfsbmrcmfukfmkgk `mr Ouafobmkmrcm`gfukf gk ok`mrm eorhtcgjlm,stootcgjlm i`mr tmgcstootcgjlm Ztruhturmk mazgmktmrbmralrt wur`m. Zjlcgmcgjl fmlt os Kmtzwmrh zu-`me òvik ous, òss Zizgocuktmrkmlemk (?0) zu `meeorhtcgjl-ousfmrgjltmtmk Fmsjlatsei`mcc zur Zmcbst-

kokzgmrukf ffa. kojlloctgfm Lybrg`-Agkokzgmruk-fmk ouawmgsmk.

Vokk fgbt ms mrstm Mrfmbkgssm9

@os JgZiJ orbmgtmt `mrzmgt ok `mr quoktgtotgvmk Ous-wmrtukf vik 2=? Zizgocuktmrkmlemk uk` `mrquocgtotgvmk Ouswmrtukf vik 2< wmgtmrmk Zizgoc-uktmrkmlemk.

@gmsm mrsteocgfm uk` ueaokfrmgjlm Okocysmmrefcgjlt hiepcmxm Mrlmbukfsefcgjlhmgtmk.

@os JgZiJ wgr` ge Ducg 2>?2 ok `mr T] gk Argm`-

rgjlsloamk egt oc cmk zmlk bmtmgcgftmk ]kgvmrsgttmkuk` mr Ztgatukf Emrjotir mgkm Obsjlcusshikamrmkzvmrokstoctmk. @gm Mrfmbkgssm wmr`mk òkk oua `mrLiempofm www.emaism.`m vmraamktcgjlt wmr`mk.
http://www.zu.de/mehr/papershttp://www.zu.de/mehr/papershttp://www.zu.de/mehr/papershttp://www.zu.de/mehr/papershttp://www.zu.de/mehr/papers


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Qik Eorhmk

uk` Eokofmrk,Fitt uk`

Fmemgk`mrtmkVirbmr airsjlmk mgfmktcgjl Ztu`gmrmk`m9


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Ar mgkm airsjlukfsirgmktgmrtm ]kgvmrsgtt gst fmro`moujl stu`mktgsjlm Airsjlukf vik frime Bmcokf. ]kàr `gm Ztu`gmrmk`mk gst `gm Orbmgt ok `mr Bojlmcir-i`mr Eostmr-Plmsgs os zmktrocm wgssmksjloatcgjlmMrcmbkgs glrms fmsoetmk Ztu`gues. @gm bmstmk Orbmgtmkwmr`mk zwmgeoc ge Dolr prmgsfmhrkt. Mgkm Ouswolc4

Vos eojlt `mk Vmgk zur Eorhm9

Vmcjlmk Mgkacuss lot `gm Eorhmkmktstmlukfsfm-sjlgjltm oua `gm Eorhmkpmrskcgjlhmgt9 Egt `gmsmrArofm bmsjlatgftm sgjl Doko Loujh gk glrmr Bojlmcir-Orbmgt. @gm Ztu`gmrmk`m `mr Vgrtsjloatswgssmksjloa-tmk wicctm wgssmk, wgm pisgtgv i`mr kmfotgv sgjl `mrMrk`mr mgkmr Eorhm oua os Geofm ms riùhts ous-wgrht. Qir glrmr Airsjlukfsorbmgt bmfokk eok egt`mr Eorhmkairsjlukf geemr mrst òk k, wmkk `gmEorhm sjlik mxgstgmrtm. Ms wur`m kgm uktmrsujlt, ib`gm Eorhmkfmsjlgjltm mgkmk Mgkfluss oua gm Eorhmk-pmrskcgjlhmgt lot, mrhcrt ^riamssir Rmgklor` ^rfc,`mr `gm Orbmgt bmfcmgtmtm. Hokk wiefcgjl `gm Mkt-

stmlukfsfmsjlgjltm mgkmr Eorhm ocs Eorhmtgkf-Gks-truemkt mgkfmsmtzt wmr`mk9 @gmsmr Zojlm gst Loujhgk glrmr Orbmgt oua `mk Fruk` fmfokfmk.

]e mk rizmss mr Eorhmkbgcùkf vik Okaokfok zu bmtrojltmk, frk`mtm gm Vgkzmrtijltmr mgkm mg-fmkm Ofmktur uk` mktwora mgkm Vmgkeorhm. hukst-stjh lmgt sgm, mgk Juvm ous Vmgme Burfuk`mruk` Ouxmrrigs. ]e `gm Acosjlmk fmfmkbmr `me fri-

mk Okfmbit zu uktmrsjlmg`mk, bmhoe `gm Eorhm mgkeorhoktms, obmr oujl sjlcgjltms Mtghmtt. @gm Cgzmkzfob sgm glrmk Mctmrk, `gm gk Rlmgklmssmk Vmgk okbou-mk. Zmgt :>> Dolrmk alrt glrm Aoegcgmk `mk Pro`gtg-iksbmtrgmb. Ar Loujh cof ms òlmr kolm, sgjl gk glrmrAirsjlukfsorbmgt oua glr bmhokktme Pmrrogk zu bm-wmfmk, zueoc sgm sjlik Mraolrukf bmge Qmrhoua vikVmgk ge aoegcgmkmgfmkmk Co`mk fmsoeemct lottm.

Ge mrstmk Dolr (2>>7) vmrhouatm sgm >> Acosjlmkvie hukststjh. 2>?> wormk ms ?=>>>, uk` `gmKojlarofm stmgft stmtgf. @mr Vmgk cuat wgrhcgjl fut.


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]e kuk `gm Ouswgrhukf `mr Mktstmlukfsfmsjlgjltmoua `gm Eorhm zu mrairsjlmk, mrstmcctm Loujh mgkmkArofmbifmk, bmg `me `gm ^ribok`mk gk vmrsjlgm`mkmFruppmk mgkfmtmgct uk` zu gl rmr Eorhmkwolrkml-eukf bmaroft wu r`mk. @obmg wur`m dm`mr Fruppmmgkm ok`mrm Eorhmkfmsjlgjltm mrzlct. Zi fgkf mgkmFruppm òvik ous, òss mgkm Vmrbmofmktur ar `gmZjloaaukf `mr Eorhm vmroktwirtcgjl wor. Mgkmr ok-`mrmk mrzlctm sgm, òss `mr Vgkzmr smcbmr oua `gm G`mmfmhieemk smg. Zmcbst `gm Mktwgjhcukf `mr Eorhmùrjl mgkm Ikcgkm-Jieeukgty wor Bmwmrtukfs-fruk`cofm mgkmr Rmglm vik ribok`mk.

Kojl `me Tuaoccsprgkzgp wur`mk `gm Pmgckml-emr gk fcmgjl frim Fruppmk mgkfmtmgct uk` bmhoemk`mk gk`gvgùmccmk Mktstmlukfstmxt uk` mgk Bgc` `mrVmgkflosjlm virfmcmft. Oksjlcgmmk` bmwmrtmtmk sgm,wgm sgm `gm Eorhm wolrkolemk. Bmwmrtmt wur`mk`gm Hotmfirgmk Hiepmtmkz, Gktmfrgtt, Mxtrovofokz,stlmtgh, Mritgh, @ykoegh, Hrmotgvgtt, Ztobgcgtt uk`Kotrcgjlhmgt. Oua mgkmr Zhoco vik mgks bgs smjls ura-tmk `gm ^ribok`mk bmr `gm mgkzmckmk Aojmttmk `mrEorhmkpmrskcgjlhmgt obstgeemk.

@os Mrfmbkgs wor mgkm frim bmrrosjlukf4 Dmkojl Eorhmksjlpamr wur`mk `gm Jlorohtmrmgfmk-

sjloatmk uktmrsjlgm`cgjl storh bmwmrtmt. Zi wur`mmtwo me vik mr Ikcgkm-Jieeukgty mktwiramkmkVmgk mgkm frim @ykoegh, Hrmotgvgtt uk` Mxtrovo-fokz ottmstgmrt. bmrkole `mr Vgkzmr `gm Eorhmk-hrmotgik, bmwmrtmtmk `gm ^ribok`mk `mk Vmgk ocshiepmtmkt, gktmfmr uk` kotrcgjl. @os lrtmstm ]rtmgcfob ms bmg `mr Vmrbmofmktur4 Gkhiepmtmkt, ukstlm-tgsjl uk` ukkotrcgjl smg `gm Eorhm, urtmgctmk `gmBmaroftmk.

Egt glrmr Orbmgt stmcct Loujh amst, òss `gm Eor-hmkhrmotirmk mgkmk `grmhtmk Mgkfluss oua gm Eorhmk-pmrskcgjlhmgt lobmk. @os mraakmt fokz kmum Ef-cgjlhmgtmk, smgk ^riùht zu pisgtgikgmrmk, mrhcrt

Rmgklor` rfc. Loujh rt4 ]ktmrkmlemk sicctmk sgjl`mr Potsojlm bmwusst smgk, òss `gm Hieeukghotgikmgkmr bmstge etmk Eorhmkmktstmlukfsfmsjlgjltmmgkmk Mgkfluss òroua lot, wgm `gm Eorhm wolrfm-kieemk wgr`. Vgkzmr, `gm ilkmlgk iat `gm Eorhmk-hrmotirmk smgmk, sicctmk gms oujl hieeukgzgmrmk. Zicgmmk sgjl cmgjlt gm Mgfmksjloatmk hiepmtmkt ukòutlmktgsjl oua `gm Eorhm bmrtrofmk. Oujl hkkmeok Ztoeehuk`mk gk `gm Mktwgjhcukf kmumr Vmgkmmgkbgk`mk. Zi wrm ms virstmccbor, ge Rolemk vikVmgkamstmk i`mr Vmgkpribmk mgkmk Eorhmkhrmotg-ikswirhslip okzubgmtmk, sjlcft Doko Loujh vir.

Qik `mr Mgksmtzukf mgkmr Vmrbmofmktur rt sgm kojlglrmr Ztu`gm ob4 Fmro`m bmge Vmgk wksjlt sgjl `mrHuk`m òs ^mrskcgjlm.


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Vgm cmfgtgegmrmk sgjl Fmemgk`mrtm9

Gkspgrgmrt urjl mk Hikflght ue Ztuttfort 2? lot sgjl Ok`rmo Lmkhmc

(îcgtgh- uk` Qmrwoctukfswgssmksjloatmk) `gm Arofm kojl `mr Cmfgtg-

egtt vik picgtgsjlmk Mktsjlmgùkfmk oua cihocmr Mbmkm fmstmcct.

Bmrulmk` oua aka Cmgtao`mkgktmrvgmws hikktm sgm òbmg Zjlwjlmk

uktmr ok`mrme oe Volcsystme uk` bmg `mr Qmrflmjltukf zwgsjlmkHieeukocpicgtgh uk` wgrtsjloatcgjlmk Gktmrmssmk `mr Fmemgk`mrtm

ouseojlmk. @meihrotgsjlm Emjlokgsemk bmlgk`mrk sgjl zu`me

fmfmksmgtgf4 @o `mr Brfmremgstmr iat ilkm amstm Emlrlmgt oetgmrt,

trft hmgkm Rmfgmrukfsportmg `grmht `gm Qmroktwirtukf. Fcmgjlzmgtgf

k`mk zwgsjlmk `mk ôrtmgmk Frobmkhepam stott, `gm Mktsjlmgùk-

fmk uktmr Bmrjhsgjltgfukf occmr Gktmrmssmk vmrlgk`mrk.

Hokk eok Ztmrbmk cmrkmk9

Cuhos oce (Hieeukghotgiks- uk` Hucturwgssmksjloatmk) uktmrsujltm

gk smgkmr Bojlmcir-Orbmgt, wgm Emksjlmk ge Lispgz `mk ]efokf egt

`me Ztmrbmk urjl Hiegh uk` gm Gkstgtutgik Lispgz (mr-)cmrkmk. @mkk

`gm Ousbrfmrukf `ms Ztmrbmks ous `mr Fmsmccsjloat uk` `mr Airt-

sjlrgtt mr tmjlkgsjlmk Em`gzgk alrtmk ozu, oss mr Ztmrbmprizmss

lmutm houe emlr mgk kotrcgjlms Mk`m k`mt. ôce lot sgjl `me

Plmeo fmwgèmt, wmgc mr mgk Dolr gk mgkme Lispgz fmorbmgtmt uk` gk

`gmsmr Tmgt bmr luk`mrt Emksjlmk bgs zue Pi` bmfcmgtmt lot. Bmg

smgkmr ]ktmrsujlukf frgaa mr oua smgkm mgkdlrgfmk Bmibojltukfmk

ge Lispgz, oua Qg`miouakolemk uk` Aitifroplgmk zurjh. @gm Oko-

cysm mraicftm egt Lgcam `ms `roeoturfgsjlmk Hikzmpts vik Mrvgkf

Fiaaeok. ôce zmgft, òss ùrjl òs Lispgz mgk smcbstbmstgeetms

Ztmrbmk efcgjl wgr`. Fmro`m ùrjl Hiegh sjloaat ms `gm Gkstgtutgik

zu`me, mgk Ztmrbmk gk Vr`m zu mrefcgjlmk.

Vgm bmmgkacussmk Em`gmk òs Fittmsbgc`9

Hokk ms smgk, òss Fittmsvirstmccukfmk kgjlt kur egt Pro`gtgikmk uk`

Hikvmktgikmk, sik`mrk vir occme egt Qmrbrmgtukfsem`gmk vorggmrmk,

`gm gk mgkmr Fmsmccsjloat dmwmgcs mk Pik okfmbmk9 @gmsm Arofmstmccukflot `mr ôstirmksilk Dohib Jlrgstgok Dmhot (Hieeukghotgiks- uk`

Hucturwgssmksjloatmk) oklok` `mr Plmicifgm Eortgk Cutlmrs uk` `mr

^kfstbmwmfukf uktmrsujlt. Mr lottm `mk lortkjhgfmk Qmròjlt,

òss Fittmsvirstmccukfmk uehgppmk essmk, wmkk kgjlt emlr òs

Rmaireotgiksem`gue Bujl`rujh, sik`mrk `mr Jieputmr `mk Pik

okfgbt. Zmgkm ]ktmrsujlukf mrfob, òss ge Bujl`rujhzmgtoctmr `gm

Qirstmccukf mgkms Bujlstobmkfittms iegkgmrtm, mr mgkzgf uk` occmgk

ge Cmsmk mr Lmgcgfmk Zjlrgat iaamkbor wgr`. Ge Tmgtoctmr mcmhtrikgsjlmr

Em`gmk ofmfmk gst vir occme gm Fittmsvirstmccukf ms Lmgcgfm Fmgs-

tms prsmkt. @os cgmft òrok, òss `mr Lmgcgfm Fmgst mtwos Acjltgfms

ok sgjl lot uk` ms òlmr bmssmr egt `mr Fmsjlwgk`gfhmgt `ms `gfgto-

cmk Tmgtoctmrs ouakmlemk hokk.

Vos cstm `gm Agkokzeorhthrgsm ous9

Horc Brm`memymr (Vgrtsjloatswgssmksjloatmk) bmsjlatgftm sgjl wl

rmk` mr Agkokzeorhthrgsm egt mrmk ]rsojlmk. @obmg hikzmktrgmrt

mr sgjl oua `gm Riccm `mr Rotgkfofmkturmk, `mrmk Qmrwgjhcukf gk Gktm

rmssmkhikflghtm uk` rmfucotirgsjlm Zik`mrrmfmcukfmk glk kgjlt eml

ciscgmmk. Gle mc oua, òss Rotgkfofmkturmk bmg amlcmrloatmk Mgksjltzukfmk uk` Gkvmstgtgiksmepamlcukfmk hmgkmrcmg rmjltcgjl

Zjlrgttm zu bmarjltmk lobmk, ò sgm cm`gfcgjl mgkm Mgksjltzukf

obfmbmk. @oss gksbmsik`mrm stootcgjlm Rmktmkaik`s uk` ^mksgiks

hossmk oussjlcgmcgjl gk riùhtm gkvmstgmrmk uratmk, gm vik egk

`mstmks mgkmr mr frimk Ofmkturmk egt Gkvmstemkt Fro`m (BBB bg

OOO) bmwmrtmt wur`mk, eojltm `gm Ouswgrhukfmk uesi `roeotg

sjlmr. ]e Hrgsmk mktfmfmkzuwgrhmk, sjlcft Brm`memymr vir, mgk

ukoblkfgfm Ofmktur zu frk`mk, `gm `mk hiepcmttmk ^rizmss vi

`mr Okbolkukf bgs zur @urjlalrukf mr Rotgkfs uk` mr oksjlcgm

mk`mk bmrwojlukf bmfcmgtmt.

Vgm wgrht sgjl Mgfmkgktmrmssm vik Eokofmrk ous9

Ziamrk sgm kgjlt urjl Eorhthratm i`mr lgmrorjlgsjlm Rmfmck gszgp

cgkgmrt wmr`mk, kmgfmk Eokofmr òzu, gk glrme Mgfmkgktmrmssm okstot

ge Gktmrmssm ms ]ktmrkmlemksmgfkmrs zu lok`mck bmgspgmcswmgs

ùrjl Qmraicfukf vik ukrmktobcmk ^rmstgfmpridmhtmk. Orsmk Aozcivg

(îcgtgh- uk` Qmrwoctukfswgssmksjloatmk) uktmrsujltm gms oe Bmg

spgmc `mr @mutsjlmk Bolk OF. Ocs airemcc prgvotgsgmrtms aamktcgjlm

]ktmrkmlemk gk mgkme mlmeocgfmk Ztootseikipic uktmrcgmft `g

@mutsjlm Bolk OF wm`mr mr wmttbmwmrbcgjlmk @gszgpcgkgmrukf m

Eorhtms kijl mr lgmrorjlgsjlmk @gszgpcgkgmrukf ms Ztootms. Zgm wmgs

òlmr zolcrmgjlm mgfmkktzgfm Qmrloctmkswmgsmk `ms Eokofmemkt

ous, wmcjlm `mr Buk`msrmpubcgh @mutsjlcok` ocs Mgfmktemrgk `grmh

uk` gk`grmht sjlo`mk. @mr bmsik`mrm Rmgz ms Airsjlukfstlmeos co

ar Aozcivgj òrgk, `gm gkkmrmk Vg`mrsprjlm uk` ]kzuckfcgjlhmgtmk

`mr @mutsjlmk Bolk kgjlt emlr kur vie Mk`m lmr kecgjl ocs Huk`

Brfmr uk` portmgpicgtgsjl Mkfofgmrtmr zu bmibojltmk, sik`mrk sg

oujl vie Okaokf, vik glrmr Vurzmc lmr vmrstmlmk zu cmrkmk.

Cilkmk sgjl bmrkolemk vik Pmjlkicifgmagremk9

Kmgk, lot Eorh Lolkamc` (Vgrtsjloatswgssmksjloatmk) gk smgkmr Eos

tmr-Orbmgt amstfmstmcct. Zmgkm Eitgvotgik aok` mr gk smgkme Gktmrmss

ar mk Bmrmgjl Emrfmrs & Ojqugsgtgiks uk` me Vgccmk, mgkm mep

rgsjlm uk` quoktgtotgvm Orbmgt zu vmraossmk. Gk mgkmr hurz- uk` cokf

argstgfmk Mrmgfkgsstu`gm vik ?>01 bmrkolemk gk `mk Dolrmk ?7>7 mregttmctm mr, òss `gm Huamr mgkmk Vmrtvmrcust `mr Ohtgmk gk

Houa kmlemk eusstmk. Mgk bmrrosjlmk ms Mrfmbkgs aok` mr bmg m

sifmkokktmk Hiktriccpregm. @obmg lok`mct ms sgjl ue `mk Bmtrof

`mr bmr `me totsjlcgjlmk Eorhtprmgs fmzolct wgr`. @gmsm ^regm gs

ge Couam `mr Tmgt fmwojlsmk. @mr Huk`m zolct bmg `mr bmrkole

siegt vgmc emlr, ocs mr mgfmktcgjl esstm.

Vmgtmrm ousfmzmgjlkmtmstu`mktgsjlmAirsjlukfspridmhtm4


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:>6 gst Rum`gfmr Dilk bmr hkstcmrgsjlm Bmgtrfm,Qmrokstoctukfmk uk` `gm Mktwgjhcukf zwmgmr ûbcg-hotgikmk ge ortsprifroe `mr T] vmrtrmtmk.

Gk wmcjlme Qmrlctkgs stmlt gm Ouafobm, os Eofozgk

gk mgkme fmemgksoemk ^rizmss egt `mr T] uk` `mrOfmktur zu hikzgpgmrmk, zu Glrmr bgslmrgfmk hkstcmrg-sjlmk Orbmgt9Ous hkstcmrgsjlmr Zgjlt gktmrmssgmrmk egjl gm bmr-fokfsbmrmgjlm zwgsjlmk fmsmccsjloatcgjlmk Zubsys-tmemk, wgm bmgspgmcswmgsm `gm bmrsjlkmgùkfmkzwgsjlmk Hukst uk` Vgrtsjloat i`mr Hukst uk` Vgs-smksjloat. Mgk prizmssloatms, hkstcmrgsjlm Orbmgtmkok `gmsmk ^mrgplmrgmk bm`gmkt sgjl spmzgsjlmr Gktmr-ohtgikmk uk` Gktmrvmktgikmk, wgcc eok `mk fmsmcc-sjloatcgjlmk @ykoeg hmk, Rgtuocmk uk` Hieeukg-hotgik gk hrgtgsjlmr Aire fmrmjlt wmr`mk, ocsi sizgoc

gk-sgtu orbmgtmk.@gm hkstcmrgsjlm Qirfmlmkswmgsm bm`gmkt sgjloujl `mr Rmjlmrjlm vik Arofmstmccukfmk uk` hrgtg-sjlmk @gshursmk oumrlocb mr aojlspmzgsjlmk Ho-kiks ar mgkm euctgpmrspmhtgvgsjlm, hrgtgsjlm Ous-mg kok`mrsmtzukf egt hikhrmtmk Zgtuotgikmk getroks`gszgpcgkrmk Orbmgtmk. Gk gmsmr Aire hiipmrgm-rm gjl smgt fmrouemr Tmgt geemr wgm`mr egt Gkstgtutg-ikmk, siwilc ge oho`megsjlmk ]eamc`, ocs oujl egt]ktmrkmlemk ous uktmrsjlgm`cgjlmk Brokjlmk. Gjlbmtrojltm gms ocs mgkm Aire hrgtgsjlmr stlmtgh ukòrbmgtm gk gmsme Zgkkm smgt Egttm mr 7>mr Dolrm m-kgtirgsjl uk` prohtgsjl gk hkstcmrgsjlmr Airsjlukf.

@gm Orbmgtswmgsm, wmcjlm oua mgkmr okakfcgjlmk

Rmjlmrjlm bosgmrt uk` `mk Mktwgjhcukfsprizmss ocsgktmfrocmk Bmstok`tmgc `ms dmwmgcgfmk ^ridmhtmsoksgmlt, gst `mezuaicfm sgtuotgiksbmzifmk. VmcjlmOusfokfssgtuotgik lobmk Zgm ar `gm Hikzmptgik `msLijlsjluceofozgks virfmauk`mk9@gm T] pcoktm mgk Eofozgk, wmcjlms mgkmk zwmgdlr-cgjl mrsjlmgkmk`mk Ptgfhmgts- uk` Airsjlukfsbmrgjltmrsmtzmk sicctm uk` oegt zmgtkolmr uk` gk mgkmr kmu-mk _uocgtt `mr Rmflmxgik uk` Hieeukghotgik `mrPtgfhmgtmk, @gshursm uk` G`mmk `mr T] vmregttmcksicctm. Ous mgkme mrstmk Brogkstiregkf mktstok` `mrOuatrof, mgkm Hikzmptgik ous hkstcmrgsjlmr mrspmh-tgvm zu mktwgjhmck uk` ge Pmoe egt `mr T] uk` `mrOfmktur Zjlgk`cmr ormkt zu rmocgsgmrmk.

@obmg wor ms mgk fmemgksoems Okcgmfmk, òsEofozgk ocs Gkarostruhtur si zu fmstoctmk, òss mskmbmk `mr Aukhtgik ocs Gkaireotgiksem`gue `mr]kgvmrsgtt oujl mg km sicg`m Bosgs ar wmjlsmck`mBmgtrfm uk` Gktmrvmktgikmk oujl mxtmrkmr Outirgk-kmk uk` Outirmk, Hkstcmrgkkmk uk` Hkstcmr, siwgmòbmg vir occme oujl Roue ar vgsumccm Mxpcirotgikmkuk` Mxpmrgemktm bgmtmt. @gmsm mrstm Ousfobm gst `mrOusfokfspukht ar wmgtmrfmlmk`m Qmrsujlm.


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:

@gm mxpmrgemktmccm ]ktmrsujlukf vik ûbcghotgiksair-eotmk alrt zu dmwmgcs spmzgsjlmk uk` iat bmrro-sjlmk`mk Mrfmbkgssmk. Bmgspgmcm lgmrar sgk` `gm gk mg-kmr Tusoeemkorbmgt egt `me ortsprifroe mktstok`mkûbcghotgikmk Cifbujl 2>>7/?> uk` `mr HukstalrmrJgjmrikm. Vmcjlm hkstcmrgsjlmk Okcgmfmk lobmk Zgmgk `mr Fmstoctukf `ms Eofozgks vmraicft9Tue Bmgspgmc sgk` gm Gkloctm gmsms Eofozgks ok`mrsocs bcgjl struhturgmrt, si wgr` zwgsjlmk Mrhmkktkgs-tmgc uk` Gkaireotgikstmgc uktmrsjlgm`mk, uk` `gmsmsgk` fmstoctmrgsjl vikmgkok`mr obfmsmtzt, bmgspgmcs-wmgsm gk`me `mr Airsjlukfstmgc mxpcgzgt Aukitmk

virsgmlt uk` wgm `mr Rmpirtofmtmgc `mk Bgc`tmgc gktm-frgmrt. Zi wgr` rmòhtgikmcc geemr hcor, wmcjlmeOksprujl eok sgjl egt Bmgtrfmk ge dmwmgcgfmk Pmgcstmccmk euss8 òs uktmrsttzt `gm Zmcbstrmflmxgik, uk`si hkkmk sgjl `gm bmg`mk Pmgcm ukoblkfgf vikmgk-ok`mr mktwgjhmck.

Bmg `mr Hikzmptgik wur`m òroua fmojltmt, òssòs Eofozgk fmstoctmrgsjl mgfmkstk`gf gst. Tufcmgjlobmr sicctm `mr Lmrousfmbmr uk` `mssmk stlmtgsjlms^ric wgm`mrmrhmkkbor bcmgbmk. Zi sgk` Zjlrgattypmkuk` Coyiut mgfmkstk`gf uk` bgc`mkegt `mr Loptgh`ms Eotmrgocs uk` `mr bmsik`mrmk Hikamhtgikgmrukf

mgkm mgfmkm _uocgtt.Ziwgm sgk` vik egr Qirfmlmkswmgsmk ar rmòh-

tgikmccm Mcmemktm uk` stlmtgsjlm Gktmrvmktgikmkmktwgjhmct wir`mk, wmcjlm oujl gk hkatgfmk Ous-fobmk uefmsmtzt wmr`mk. @gmsm stmccmk mgkmk mrwmg-tmrtmk hkstcmrgsjl-stlmtgsjlmk Tufokf zu `mk Gk-aireotgikmk òr.

@os Eofozgk wur`m gk mgkmk Bmrmgjl, `mr ous `mr Air-sjlukf bmrgjltmt, uk` gk mgkmk Rmpirtofm-Pmgc zu ukg-vmrsgtrme Cmbmk fmfcgm`mrt uk` bmg`m Pmgcbmrmgjlmvgsumcc uktmrsjlgm`mk. Vmcjlm Hrgtmrgmk bmstgeetmk

`gm dmwmgcgfmk fmstoctmrgsjlmk Tuir`kukfmk9Hikzmptgik ms Eofozgks gst ms oujl, mgkm hkstcmrg-sjlm Egtwgrhukf ocs Airsjlukfsbmgtrof uk` Hie-emktgmrukf mr Plmemk zu gktmfrgmrmk. @gm vgsumccmkhkstcmrgsjlmk Mcmemktm ge Eofozgk gk mr mrstmkOusfobm `gm Tmgjlkukfmk sgk` Pmgc `mr Rubrgh `mrAirsjlukf uk` lobmk ocs sicjlm `mk Ouatrof, mgk hrg-tgsjlmr stlmtgsjlmr Bmgtrof zu `gmsmr zu smgk mbmkkgjlt mgkaojl Gccustrotgikmk i`mr Irkoemktm.

@gmsmr Oksprujl ok `gm hkstcmrgsjlmk Orbmgtmkwgr` sgjl oujl gk mk hkatgfmk Ousfobmk airtsmtzmk,wmkk ok`mrm Hkstcmrgkkmk uk` Hkstcmr mgkfmco`mkwmr`mk. Zi wmr`mk `mk wgssmksjloatcgjlmk Air-

sjlukfsbmgtrfmk gm hkstcmrgsjlmk, wmcjlm uktmr-sjlgm`cgjlstmr Aire smgk hkkmk, ocs Mrhmkktkgsor-bmgt mbmkbrtgf fmstmcct.

@mr vir`mrm Pmgc `ms Eofozgks aukfgmrt ocs Bgc`-fljlm, fgbt vgsumccmk Orbmgtmk Fmstoctukfsroue uk`lot mgk vorgobcms Pmxtrostmr. @mk Rmpirtofmtmgc zueukgvmrsgtrmk Cmbmk lobmk wgr bmr `gm Fmstoctukf`mr Aiti- uk` Aorbfljlmk gk Aire vik arofemktgmr-tmk T-Mcmemktmk mgkm `ykoegsjlm, mxprmssgvm Mgfmk-stk`gfhmgt fmfmbmk, wmcjlm sgjl oujl gk ok`mrmkEm`gmk kutzmk csst.

@gm Bgc`strmjhm ous Tmgjlkukfmk wgr` sgjlmrcgjl viroccmk ok`mrmk stlmtgsjlmk Mktsjlmgùkfmk ocs hkst-cmrgsjlmr Bmgtrof ouafmaosst wmr`mk, ìjl fmro`m `gm-smr bgc`kmrgsjlm Bmgtrof gst kgjlt typgsjl ar Zgm. Vgmhoe ms ocsi, òss Zgm sgjl ar òs Em`gue Tmgjlkukfmktsjlgm`mk lobmk9Ar gm Tmgjlkukfmk gk gmsmr Ousfobm lobm gjl mgkmkfokz occtfcgjlmk Hufmcsjlrmgbmr vmrwmk`mt uk` oujlgk mk obfmbgc`mtmk Eitgvmk egjl ous Occtofsmgk`r-jhmk bm`gmkt. @gmsm hieemktgmrmk ossizgotgv `mkPlmemkhiepcmx Eojlt uk` E gtsprojlm, kmlemkzufcmgjl oua uktmrsjlgm`cgjlm Vmgsm Bmzuf oua `gm

Aojlortghmc uk` afmk òbmg mgkm Aojmttm lgkzu. Egt`gmsmk hokk `mr Bmtrojltmr oua mgkm ossizgotgvmVolrkmleukfsmxhursgik fmlmk, bmg `mr `mr Pgtmcuk` dm`mr Ortghmc, obmr oujl `gm Obbgcùkfsaicfmoksgjl ocs Vmfwmgsmr `gmkmk hkkmk.

Gjl lobm gm Tmgjlkukfmk gk `gmsmr Aire ocs Qmr-wmgs oua mgk Zprmzzoturo mrstmcct, `gms hokk eok si-wilc ocs hkstcmrgsjlm Pmjlkgh vmrstmlmk, ocs oujl ocsHieemktor zue Pgtmctlmeo `gmsmr Ousfobm. @gm Occ-tofseitgvm, wgm oujl `gm hkstcmrgsjlm ]esmtzukfegt rmùzgmrtmk Egttmck ejltm gm Bmtrojltukf bmr`gm Obbgcùkf uk` `mssmk Mcmemktm lgkous cmkhmk.

Ouaaccgf gst ok mr mrstmk Ousfobm mr kmumk Eofozgk-rmglm gm Bmtikukf vik Zgkkcgjlhmgt gk mr Eotmrgocgtt`ms Jivmrs uk` gk `gm Pmxtur `mr Tmgjlkukfmk.@os Eofozgk sicctm kgjlt kur gkloctcgjl ofgc smgk, sik-`mrk `gms oujl gk `mr Fmstoctukf `ms Jivmrs uk` `msAireotms kojl oumk trofmk, `mkk mgk Mcmemkt `mrHikzmptgik gst òs Ouabrmjlmk `mr sikst bcgjlmkRostmr vik ûbcghotgikmk.

@gm mrstm Ousfobm aakmt sgjl zue Ouatoh t egtglrme trokspormktmk ]esjlcof egt Gkloctmk uk`_umccmk fokz `grmht uk` oujl `gm aicfmk`mk Ousfo-bmk wmr`mk sgjl gk `mr Volc `ms ]esjlcofms vmrk-


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YRum`gfmr Dilk (O) bm`gmkt sgjl gk smgkmk hkst-cmrgsjlmk Orbmgtmk siwilc sgtuotgvmr, gkstoccotgvmr,gktmrvmktgikgstgsjlmr Airemk, wgm oujl rmjlmrjlm-uk` pubcghotgiksirgmktgmrtmr Ztrotmfgmk. Zmgt ?776bmsjlatgft mr sgjl gk tlmirmtgsjlmk uk` prohtgsjlmkOrbmgtmk gk hkstcmrgsjlmr Airsjlukf uk` systmeg-sjlmr Hukst. Egt `mr Frkùkf ,,Fmsmccsjloat arhrgtgsjlm stlmtgh aihussgmrtm mr troks`gzgpcgkrmsOrbmgtmk uk` Airsjlmk uk` `gm Okwmkùkf stlm-

tgsjlmr uk` hkstcmrgsjlmr Hiepmtmkzmk gk fmsmcc-sjloatcgjlmk Zubsystmemk, wgm Vgssmksjloat, îcgtghuk` Vgrtsjloat, u.o. zur Qmrokhmrukf mgkms `gaamrmk-zgmrtmk Rmacmxgikswgssmks. Zmgt 2>>6 gst Rum`gfmr Dilkbmr hkstcmrgsjlm Bmgtrfm, wgm ,,Irgmktgmrukf (2>>6),Qmrokstoctukfmk uk` `gm Mktwgjhcukf `mr ûbcghotgi-kmk Cifbujl uk` Jgjmrikm ge ortsprifroe `mr T]vmrtrmtmk.

Y]crghm Zlmplmr` (@)gst smgt 2>>6 ocs Hurotirgk oeortsprifroe `mr Tmppmcgk ]kgvmrsgtt ttgf. @osortsprifroe mtobcgmrt zmgtfmkssgsjlm hkstcmrgsjlm^roxgs ocs Bmstok`tmgc vik Cmlrm uk` Airsjlukf ok`mr T]. Hkstcmrgsjlm ^roxgs, vmrst ok`mk ocs sgkkcgjl-stlmtgsjlm Aire vik Airsjlukf, gst Pmgc `ms gktmr-uk` oktg`gszgpcgkrmk Frukòksotzms mr Tmppmcgk]kgvmrsgtt. emlr4 www.zmppmcgk-ukgvmrsgty.`m/orts-prifroe

`mrk uk` tlmeotgsjl okpossmk. Ar gm hieemk`mkOusfobmk sgk` bmrmgts wmgtmrm, `grmhtm Mgkfrgaam gkòs Aireot `ms Bujlbcijhms gk Qirbmrmgtukf `gmsmwmr`mk mbmkaoccs tlmeotgsjl fmwlct.

Bmg mk Tmgjlkukfmk wgr` urjl gm storhm Kol-oksgjlt `mr Cgkgmk uk` òegt `me Tmgfmk `mr Eotm-rgocgtt mr Hufmcsjlrmgbmrtgktm mgk Eghrihiseis ok@mtogcs sgjltbor. @urjl `gm ]ksoubmrhmgtmk, siwgm osQmrstrhmk `mr hcmgkstmk zmgjlkmrgsjlmk ]kfmkougf-hmgtmk mktstmlt mgkm sgkkcgjlm Cgkgmkalrukf. Gk mr]ehmlrukf, `mr ge ôpgmr ùrjlfm`rjhtmk Tmgjl-kukf, wgr` gk mr Kolouakolem gm Loptgh ms Pr-

fmreotmrgocs obmr o cs arofgcm Obbgcùkf sgjltbor.

Gk `mr ûbcghotgik k`mk sgjl oujl Pmxt-Gktmrvmktgi-kmk, wgm `gm Lmrvirlmbukf tlmeotgsjlmr Pmxtmcmemktmuk` gkloctcgjlm Mgkfrgaam. Vmcjlmk Emlrwmrt lobmk Zgmòegt gktmk`gmrt9Dm`m Ousfobm `ms Eofozgks lot mgk Cmgttlmeo gk`gmsmr Ousfobm Eojlt uk` Egtsprojlm zu `mr mgkOssizgotgiksamc`, wmcjlms ùrjl occm Pmxtm `ms Eofo-zgks kojlvmraicft wmr`mk hokk, mrstmcct wgr`. Mgfmkt-cgjl smporot stmlmk`m Ortghmc zue Plmeo, Pmxtm ukÈmgkukfmk wmr`mk bmr òs Lmrvirlmbmk vik oua

òs Plmeo bmzifmkmk Bmfrgaamk zu mgkme wmgtmrmkBm`mutukfsamc` egtmgkok`mr vmrkmtzt. @gms mref-cgjlt ms, bmge @urjlbcttmrk òs Plmeo, `mssmk Bm-frgaasvgmcaoct uk` Zubdmhtgvgttmk, gk mgkmr bmrsgjltwolrzukmlemk. Bmge Cmsmk hkkmk sgjl smrmk`gpgty-Eiemktm, ocsi mgk zuacc gfms Agk`mk, mgkstmccmk uk`zur Volrkmleukfssjlraukf uk` Bm`mutukfsrmflm-xgik okrmfmk.

Egt mr Gktmrvmktgik mr Twgsjlmkarofmk wur-`m mgk amstms Zjlmeo mgkfmrgjltmt, wmcjlms wmgtmrfm-lmk`m Arofmk ok gm Outirmk mr Airsjlukfsbmgtrfmstmcct. Zi mktstmlt, kmbmk me aojlcgjl-`gstokzgmrtmk

Ortghmctmxt, mgk Mgk`rujh zur mrskcgjlhmgt uk` Ei-tgvotgik `ms Arisjlmrs, mgkm Aicfmrukf ous `mk Air-sjlukfsmrfmbkgssmk zu Ouswgrhukfmk uk` zu eocctfcgjlmk Lok`mck, siwgm mgk Mgkbcgjh, wos `mrVgssmksjloatcmr wmgtmr pcokt uk` wmcjlm ok`mrscou-tmk`mk Ztu`gmk ms fgbt. Zi wgr` `mr obfmsjlcissmkm,rotgikocm Aojlbmgtrof ùrjl Zjlkgttstmccmk gk pmrsk-cgjlmr, fmsmccsjloatcgjlmr uk` aojlcgjlmr Lgksgjlt fm-aakmt.

Gk Glrmr Mrhukùkf `ms Aireots Eofozgk vmrcossmk Zgmòs ^rgktem`gue bmr mgk Pihmk-Zystme uk` mrwmgtmrkms ùrjl Ikcgkm-Gkloctm. Vgm stmlt `gmsm Qgrtuocgsgmrukfvik Gkaireotgik zu Glrme Okcgmfmk mgkmr sgkkcgjlmkMraolrukf bmge Cmsmr9@gm Hikzmptgik `ms Eofozgks ueaosst oujl mgkmk`gfgtocmk Pmgc. Ar òs Eofozgk uk` òrbmr lgkouslobmk wgr mgk Pihmk-Zystme mktwiramk, bmr wmcjlmseok oua em`gmkspmzgsjl mrwmgtmrtm Gklo ctm, quosgocs `gfgtocm Au kitmk, zufrmgamk wgr` hkkmk uk``ykoegsjlm _umrgms uk` Gkaireotgiksoksgjltmkefcgjl sgk`.

Ge Rolemk `mr bmrcmfukfmk zu mgkmr zmgtfm-emk Aukhtgik mgkms rgktpriùhtms, ocs oujl zuermòhtgikmccmk Gkloct, lobm gjl virfmsjlcofmk, òsEofozgk mbmk oujl ocs mgk ibdmhtloatms, stotgsjlmsGktmraojm zu gfgtocmk Gkloctmk zu bmtrojltmk. Ocs mgkEm`gue, wmcjlms `gm Mgfmklmgtmk uk` Qirzfm bm-wlrtmr Volrkmleukfs- uk` Cmsmfmwilklmgtmkokbgmtmt uk` `

auf#01 – Macht und Mitsprache

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