Biomass Potential in Jordan and Future Research Prospects

Prepared by: Eng. Ahmad Al-RousanNational Energy Research Center

Studies and Consultations Specialist.Bio-energy Division

a.rousan@nerc.gov.jowww.nerc.gov.joAmman- Jordan

Outlines:-

� Introduction about the biomass� The needs for Biogas.� Benefits of Biogas.� Biogas projects in Jordan.� Case studies: D-PP in small animal farm.� Biogas potential in Jordan.� Organic material survey.� Biodiesel case studies in Jordan.� Future Research Prospects.

Introduction� Biomass is a very broad term which is used to describe material of

recent biological origin that can be used either as a source of energy or for its chemical components.

� Bio-energy is a renewable energy made available from the biomass it is included the biofuel (liquids like biodiesel, ethanol, methanol, etc..or gas like biogas).

� Biogas:- is mixer of methane gas with percentage (50-70)% and carbon dioxide with percentage(30-45)%, and other gases and water, that resulted from digestion of biomass with absence of oxygen.

� Biodiesel is a diesel fuel consisting of long chain alkyl esters and is typically made by chemically reacting lipid with alcohol producing fatty acid esters or by composition of the organic raw materials like transsistification, pyrolysis, catalytic depolymerization process.

The Needs for Biogas Technology

� Sustainable solutions for massive organic waste produced in animal farms, landfills, WWTP. and reducing their harmful environmental pollutions.

� Producing renewable fuel like biogas to provide basic energy needs, to generate electricity, burning for heating or cooking in animal farms or restaurants or others.

Effect of Biogas in the Climate Change

1 Kg Methane = 21 kg of CO2

Environment pollution due to landfills

Environment pollution due to Animal waste

Benefits of Biogas in Jordan � Energy Benefits:-1. Clean and renewable energy(RE) source.2. Diversity of RE source and increase it is contribution with total

energy mix.

� Environment Benefits:-1. Sustainable solution for organic waste.2. Qualified to certified clean development mechanism(CDM).

� Economic and Social Benefits:-1. Development of rural areas.2. Improving health environment for humans.3. Increasing job vacancies for citizens.4. Improving the soil, by using the fertilizer from the output of

digestion.

Biogas Projects in Jordan

1. Russaifa Biogas Plant Capacity :- 3.5 MW

Samra Biogas Plant

2. Samra Biogas plant Capacity is 6 MW

Domestic projects in Khaldieh“small animal farm” 3.5 KW

� Successful Installation of Polyethylene type:-

Case Studies: Kofr Abeel Project- fixed concrete dome- 30 m³ - 5 KW

“Assessment of feasibility and Biogas Roadmap 2020 for development of biogas projects in Jordan” – funded by EU� The total potential of biogas from all organic waste is 1.22 Mio.

m³ biogas or 662.894 methane per day will be produced. This is equivalent to 662 thousand m³ natural gas per day or 242 Mio. m³ NG per year.

� The total potential power generation in methane would amount to 275 MWth. After conversion in CHP-units the installed electrical power would be 96.4 MWel or higher depending on CHP-unit-efficiency.

� Animal waste contribute 42% of the total potential, and concentrated in three important governorate (Mafraq, Zarqa, and Irbid), it can produce more than half million cubic meter of biogas.

� Biowaste in the landfill contributes 34% of the total potential, and concern rich source of energy.

� Sludge in the MWW contribute 19.6 % of the total potentional in Jordan.

Thermal Power Potential in Jordan

MW th

up to 85up to 60up to 50up to 30up to 20up to 15up to 10up to 5

Power generation in CH4

0 15 30 km

90 12060

Potential for electrical power generation in 12 Governorates from 7 substrates

Biodiesel production from different organic raw materials (ORM’s) project

� This research projects includes:-1. ORM’s Survey in Jordan included

geographical distribution2. Selection of high ORM’s potential3. ORM’s Preparation4. ORM’s Testing and Analysis.5. ORM’s Biodiesel production

Jordan Survey Results, Total ORM Quantities

ORM category Type Amount of ORM (ton DM/ yr)

Animal manure

Sheep manure 8282Cattle fattening manure 10036

Milking cow manure 113507Chicken fattening manure 50150

Chicken lying hens manure 17661

Sludges

Digested 87383Primary 30801

MSW MSW 137534

Agro- Food Olive cake 47203

Vegetation Area Survey performed, no amount estimation Field crops

Green House

ORM ‘s Survey

Technical Table of Olive cake In JordanNo Governorate Olive for oil usage(ton) Olive Cake(ton)

1 Amman 15950 3987.5

2 Madaba 1462 365.5

3 Al-Zarqa 18836 4709

4 Irbid 63963 15990.75

5 Jerash 11892 2973

6 Ajloun 29192 7298

7 Al-Mafraq 14747 3686.75

8 Al-Balqa 21138 5284.5

9 Karak 1313 328.25

10 Tafieleh 268 67

11 Ma'an 5181 1295.25

12 Aqaba 326 81.5

13 Al-aghwar 4545 1136.25

All of the Kingdom 188849 47212.25

Technical Table for the Sludge in JordanName of site/

city

Daily flow of wastewater (m³/

day)Type of Sludge

Wet daily volume (m³/

day)

DM content

(%)Annual weight per site (ton DM/yr)

kherbt alSamra/Alzarqa 222916.6 Digested 221324 0.12% 84261

Irbid 8259.9 Primary 7003 0.12% 3122Aqaba MECH 8020.6 Primary 7840 0.12% 3032Aqaba W.S.P 6663.8 Primary 6059 0.12% 2519

Al Salt 4889.3 Primary 4522 0.12% 1848Jerash 3121 Primary 3024 0.12% 1180

Al Mafraq W.S.P 2234.9 Primary 1928 0.12% 845Al Baqa'a 11086.3 Primary 10523 0.12% 4191Al Karak 1611.5 Primary 1561 0.12% 609

Abu Nusier 2563.6 Primary 2445 0.12% 969Al Tafieleh 1249.8 Primary 1157 0.12% 472Al Ramtha 3546.6 Primary 2832 0.12% 1341

Ma'an 2512.7 Primary 2333 0.12% 950Madaba 4726.3 Primary 4353 0.12% 1787Kufranja 3518.3 Primary 3066 0.12% 1330

Wadi elssir 3454 Primary 3307 0.12% 1306

Fohais and Mahes 2056 Primary 1947 0.12% 777Wadi Arab 12190.9 Primary 10982 0.12% 4608Wadi Musa 2508.8 Primary 2477 0.12% 948

Wadi Hassan 1049.7 Primary 858 0.12% 397Al-Lajjoun 743.1 Primary 666 0.12% 281Al Akadeer 3437 Primary 2966 0.12% 1299

Tal alMantah 301 Primary 292 0.12% 114Total 118,186

� CDT is acceleration of a chemical reaction by the action of a catalyst.

� Production of diesel oil from hydrocarbon-containing residues in an oil circuit with solids separation and product distillation for the diesel product with energy input by means of pumps and counter rotating agitators and by the use of fully crystallized catalysts of potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium-aluminum silicates, where all surfaces are cleaned continuously by the agitator mechanisms.

Main Characteristics

Techno- Economic Summery

Diesel Production in Jordan

Type of ORMAnnual weight of ORM

(ton DM/yr)Total processing cost

JD/tonDiesel output liters/

TonTotal Diesel Output

liters Processing Cost of Liter (JD)

Milking Cow 113507 55 164.0 6,242,885 0.34

Fattening Cattle 10036 55 151.5 551,980 0.36

Fattening Chicken 50150 55 183.0 2,758,250 0.30

Laying chicken 47661 55 174.0 2,621,355 0.32

Sheep & Goat 8282 55 183.0 455,510 0.30

Activated Sludge 30801 40 181.5 1,232,040 0.22

Digested Sludge 87383 40 155.0 3,495,320 0.26

Olive Cake 47203 90 475.0 4,248,270 0.19

Total Diesel Production in Jordan =

21,605,610

Research and Future Prospects

� Demonstration of Biodiesel Unit from Micro Algae Cultivations in waste water treatment plant

� CHP generation from biogas in commercial animal farms.

� Biofuel generation by using catalytic depolymerization and other technologies for different organic raw materials.

THANK YOU