g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g c+sreliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/FS... · 2017. 7....
Transcript of g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g c+sreliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/FS... · 2017. 7....
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pRrtd\ vfB c;'/lIft cj:yf
uDeL/ vfB c;'/lIft cj:yf
jt{dfg cj:yfsf] ;ldIff o; c+sn] dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg @)^( ;Ddsf] cg'udg cjlwnfO{ ;d]6]sf] 5 . of] cjlw dg;'gL jiff{ofd -c;f/–efb|_ sf] cjlw ePsf]n] s[lif
pTkfbgsf] lx;fan] cefjsf] cjlw dflgG5 eg] cflZjg dlxgf kZrft jif]{ afnL leϯfpg] qmd ;'? x'g] x'gfn] s[lif pTkfbgsf] cefjsf] cjlwdf vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf lau|LPtfklg jif]{ afnL leϯfpg] qmd ;'? eP kl5 vfB ;'/Iff cj:yfdf qmlds ;'wf/ x'b} hfG5 .
vfB ;'/Iffsf] lau|bf] cj:yf s[lif cefjsf] ;dodf x'g] vfnsf] ePtfklg cl3Nnf] cg'udg cjlwsf] t'ngfdf o; cjlwdf ;du| vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf
lalu|Psf] 5 . NeKSAP lhNnf vfB ;'/Iff ;~hfnsf cg';f/, dWo tyf ;'b"/ klZrdL lhNnfx?sf s"n ^*^ uflj;x? dWo] @@! uflj;x? -#)
k|ltzt_ vfB ;'/Iff r/0f @ -dWod\:t/Lo vfB c;'/lIft cj:yf_ df k/]sf 5g\ . ut jif{ olx cjlw -dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg @)^*_ sf] t'ngfdf
dWod\:t/Lo vfB c;'/lIft uflj;x?sf] ;+Vof rf/ k|ltztn] 36\g uO{ vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf s]xL ldNbf]h'Nbf] /x]sf] 5 .
;Lldt vfBfGg pknAwtf / kx'Fr oL If]qsf] dWod\:t/Lo vfB c;'/Iffsf d'Vo sf/0fx?df kb{5g\ . ToxfFsf dflg;x? df};dL vfB c;'/Iffsf] df/df
k/]sf 5g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu dg;'gL jiff{ / /fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf sf/0f -cf+lzs ah]6_ vfB pknAwtf / kx'Frdf ;LldttfÙ 3/w'/L:t/df lxpFb]
afnLaf6 vfBfGg ;FlrtLdf sldÙ ;8ssf] cj:yf /fd|f] gx'gfn] vfB cfk"lt{df jfwf k'Ug uO{ vfB a:t'x?sf] d"Nodf a[l4Ù ljsf; lqmofsnfkx?
sf] ;Lldttfsf sf/0f Hofnfbf/L sfdsf cj;/x?df sld cfpg' cflb kb{5g\ .
afFsL :yfgx?df lgDg sf/0fx?n] ubf{ vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf l:y/ /x]sf] l/kf]6{ 5M a}zfv–c;f/ cjlwdf ePsf] lxpFb] afnLsf] /fd|f] pTkfbgÙ gub]
afnL / ofzf{u'Daf h:tf u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] a]rlavgaf6 ePsf] cfDbfgLÙ Hofnfbf/L sfdsf cj;/x? / ljk|]if0f . @)^*÷^( sf] lxpFb] afnL
ux'F / hf}sf] pTkfbg qmdzM ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf %=& / !$=( k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ qmdzM !* nfv %) xhf/ d]6 / # nfv %) xhf/ d]6 pTkfbg
ePsf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy}, g]kfn vfB ;+:yfg, ljZj vfB sfo{qmd / lrg ;/sf/sf] vfB ;xof]un] vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf cem lau|gaf6 dTy/
kfg{ d2t u/]sf] lyof] .
o; jif{sf] dg;'gL jiff{ l9nf] / ckof{Kt ePsf] x'gfn] wfg afnL nufpg] ;do ;fy} afnL nufOPsf] s"n If]qkmndf gsf/fTds k|efj k/]sf] lyof] .
h;sf] kmn:j?k ;du| pTkfbgdf sld cfpg'sf ;fy} k"jL{ t/fO{sf If]qdf pTkfbsTjdf x|f; cfof] . s[lif ljsf; dGqfnoåf/f ul/Psf] kl5Nnf]
pTkfbg k"jf{g'dfg cg';f/ @)^(÷&) sf] jif]{ afnL wfg, ds} / sf]bf]sf] pTkfbgdf ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf -@)^&÷^*_ qmdzM !!=#, *=# / # k |ltztn]
x|f; x'g] cg'dfg 5 . s[lif ljsf; dGqfno, ljZj vfB sfo{qmd / vfB tyf s[lif ;+37gåf/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf ;~rfng ul//x]sf] afnLsf] cj:yf af/]
cg'udgn] pTkfbgsf ;fy} vfB ;'/Iff cj:yfsf] lj:t[t hfgsf/L lbg]5 .
dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg s[lif cefjsf] ;do
ePsf] / dWo tyf ;'b"/ klZrdL If]qsf @@!
ufla;x? dWod\:t/Lo vfB c;'/lIft cj:yfdf
ePtfklg of] cjlwdf ;du| vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf
l:y/ /x\of] . lxpFb] afnLsf] pTkfbg /fd|f]
ePsf] / ofzf{u'Daf, gub] afnL, kmnk'mn,
ljk|]if0f / Hofnfbf/L sfdsf cj;/x?n]
ubf{ vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf l:y/ /x]sf] xf] .
jif]{ afnL leϯfOg] / ahf/ kx'Frdf ;'wf/ cfpg] x'gfn] cfpFbf tLg dlxgfdf vfB ;'/Iff
cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfpg] jf l:y/ /xg] cg'dfg 5 .
oBkL, s0ff{nLsf ;Dk"0f{ lhNnfx? / dWo
tyf ;'b"/ klZrdL If]qsf cGo lhNnfx?df
vfB ;+lrtL ;lsg'sf ;fy} lxdkft h:tf r/d
df};dsf sf/0f tNnf] e]udf a;fO{;/fOsf]
qmd ;'? x'g] x'gfn] k'if dlxgf otf vfB ;'/Iff
cj:yf lau|g] cg'dfg 5 / r}q dlxgf kZrft
cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfpg] cg'dfg 5 .
ljZj vfB sfo{qmdn] vfB c;'/lIft hg;+Vof lgsfNgsfnflu k|of]u u/]sf] ljlw lj:t[t ?kdf lgDg (NeKSAP) u'un u'|k ljB'tLo 7]ufgfdf x]g{ ;lsg]5Ù https://docs.google.com/viewer?
a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnxuZWZvb2RzZWN8Z3g6NWFjYWE1M2E0ZjFkNjNlNQ
vfB ;'/Iff ;d"x (Cluster)
dWo c;f/–dWo
cflZjg, @)^(
cl3Nnf] cjlwaf6
kl/jlt{t
dWo cflZjg–dWo
kf}if, @)^(
k"jf{g'dfg
dWo kf}if–dWo
r}q, @)^(]
k"jf{g'dfg
s0ff{nL ;'b"/klZrdL kxf8L tyf lxdfnL lhNnfx?
/flKt–e]/L kxf8L lhNnfx?
klZrdL t/fO{
dWo / k"jL{ t/fO{
klZrdL kxf8L tyf lxdfnL lhNnfx?
dWo kxf8L tyf lxdfnL lhNnfx?
k"jL{ kxf8L tyf lxdfnL lhNnfx?
dfgjLo cfktsfnLg÷ef]sd/Lsf] cj:yf ;fdfGo vfB ;'/lIft cj:yf dWod\:t/Lo vfB c;'/lIft cj:yf
jlu{s/0f k2lt jlu{s/0f ;DalGw lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsfnflu k[i7 # df x]g{ ;lsg]5 .
vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf ;+If]kdf
g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g–c+s #^,
dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg @)^(
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g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g – c+s #^
pk–If]qLo :t/df vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf
pk–If]qLo
:t/df vfB
;'/Iff cj:yf,
dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg, @)^(
;|f]t
M N
eKS
AP
lhNnf vfB
;'/Iff ;~hfn
x?
vfB
;'/Iff gS;fx? N
eKS
AP
sf] lgDg u'un ;fO{6sf] ljB'lt
o 7]ufg
fdf pknAw u/fOPsf] 5Ù
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gS;f !M vfB ;'/Iff r/0f jlu{s/0f gS;f, dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg, @)^(
vfB ;'/Iff r/0f jlu{s/0f M
■ klxnf] r/0f–æ;fdfGotof vfB ;'/lIft cj:yfÆ– 3/w'/Lx? ;+u vfBfGgsf] ;'/lIft kxF'r ePsf] .
■ bf];|f] r/0f–ædWod:t/Lo vfB c;'/lIft cj:yfÆ– 3/w'/Lsf ;b:ox?n] pgLx?sf] vfBfGg pkef]u 36fO{ Sofnf]/L / kf]if0fsf] pkef]u l;df/]vfdf dfq kof{Kt /x]sf] . o;sf ;fy}, 3/w'/Ln] k};f ;fk6 lng] / u}/ pTkfbg d'ns ;DklQx?sf] a]rlavg ug]{ h:tf lgjf{x k2tL ckgfPsf] .
■ t];|f] r/0f–æpRrtd\ vfB c;'/lIft cj:yfÆ–3/w'/Lsf ;b:ox?n] pgLx?sf] vfBfGg pkef]u pNn]Vo ?kdf 36fO{ Sofnf]/L / kf]if0fsf] pkef]u cTolws ?kdf 36fPsf] . o;sf ;fy;fy}, 3/w'/Ln] pTkfbg d'ns ;DklQx?sf] a]rlavg ug]{ / aRrfx?nfO{ ljBfnoaf6 lemSg] h:tf kl/k"lt{ ug{ g;lsg] vfnsf] lgjf {xk2tL ckgfPsf] .
■ rf}yf] r/0f–æulDe/ vfB c;'/lIft cj:yfÆ– 3/w'/Lsf ;b:ox?n] pgLx?sf] vfBfGg pkef]u pNn]Vo ?kdf 36fO{ Sofnf]/L / kf]if0fsf] pkef]u cTolws ?kdf 36fPsf] . 3/w'/L ;+u l;ldt lgjf{x ;+oGq afFsL /x]sf] / clGtd ;DklQ÷ hldg ;d]t a]Rg] ;Defjgfdf k'u]sf]] .
■ kfrf} r/0f–ædfgjLo cfktsfnLg÷ef]sd/Lsf] cj:yfÆ–3/w'/L;Fu vfBfGgsf] kx'Frsf nflu ug]{ s'g} klg cj;/ g/x]sf] / olb ;dodf /fxtsf nflu sf/jfxL gePdf ef]sd/Lsf] cj:yf tkm{ n}hfg] .
http://www.neksap.googlegroups.com/web/FSPMAP2009_3.pdf?
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g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g– c+s #^
/fli6«o :t/df vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf
/fli6
«o :t/df vfB
;'/Iff cj:yf,
dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg, @)^(
;|f]t
M N
eKS
AP lh
Nnf vfB
;'/Iff ;~hfn
x?
vfB
;'/Iff gS;fx? N
eKS
AP
sf] lgDg u'un ;fO{6sf] ljB'lt
o 7]ufg
fdf pknAw u/fOPsf] 5Ù
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gS;f @M vfB ;'/Iff r/0f jlu{s/0f gS;f, dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg, @)^( ;nf{xLs
f cf}/xL
/
jof{kft
L b'O{
uflj;x?
pRrtd\ vfB
c;'/lIft
cj:yf
-vfB
;'/Iff
r/0f
@_ df
k/]sf
5g\ .
a}zfv
dlxgfd
f
cfu
f]nfu
Laf6
%^@
3/w'/Lx?
k|efljt
eO{ em08} @,^)) dflg;x? vfB
c;'/lIft
ePsf
5g\
h;dWo]
k|fo
;fg
f ls
;fg
x?,
e"dLlxgx? / bln
tx? kb{5g\ .
http://www.neksap.googlegroups.com/web/FSPMAP2009_3.pdf?
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ut cg'udg cjlw -dWo r}q, @)^*– dWo c;f/, @)^(_ sf] t'ngfdf o; cjlw -dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg, @)^(_ df dWo tyf ;'b"/
klZrdL kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qdf vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf lau|LPsf] l/kf]6{ 5 eg] k"jL{ kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qdf vfB ;'/Iffsf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/
cfPsf] / cGo If]qdf cj:yf l:y/ /x]sf] l/kf]{6 5 .
g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g – c+s #^
vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf
lgDg ;+:yfx? åf/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf k|sflzt
s[lif ljsf; dGqfnoM vfB ;'/Iff cg'udg OsfO{
ljZj vfB sfo{qmdM vfB ;'/Iff cg'dug tyf ljZn]if0f OsfO{
df};dL ?kdf vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf lau|LPsf]M s0ff{nL, ;'b"/ klZrdL kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]q, /flKt e]/L kxf8L If]q
;8ssf] cj:yf g/fd|f] x'gfn] oL If]qsf w]/} :yfgx?df vfBfGg kx'Frdf ;d:of
eof] h;n] ljz]if u/L b'u{d If]qx?df cfwf/e"t vfB a:t'x?sf] cfk"lt{df k|efj
kf¥of] .
dg;'gL jiff{ofdsf] ;'?jft ;+u} :yfgLo ahf/x?df vfB a:t'x?sf] d"No a[l4
eof]Ù pbfx/0fsf nflu afh'/fdf vfB a:t'x?sf] d"No ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf #%
k|ltzt ;Dd a[l4 eof] . k|fo vfB c;'/lIft 3/w'/Lx? ;+u yf]/} / sd pAhfp
hldg 5 / lxpFb] afnL -ux'F / hf}_ af6 ePsf] vfB ;FlrtL klg c;f/–cflZjg
cjlwdf ;lsPsf] l/kf]6{ 5 . o;sf ;fy} ljsf; sfo{qmdx? ;Lldt ePsf
x'gfn] Hofnfbf/L sfdsf cj;/x? sd ePsf 5g\ . ctM o; cjlwdf
dWod\:t/Lo vfB c;'/IfLt cj:yf -r/0f @_ df kg]{ uflj;x?sf] ;+Vofdf a[l4
ePsf] 5 . vfB ;'/Iff r/0f jlu{s/0f gS;fsf cg';f/, ;'b"/ klZrdL kxf8L
tyf lxdfnL If]qdf kg]{ aemfª -@( uflj;x?_, c5fd -@) uflj;x?_, afh'/f
-!^ uflj;x?_ / a}t8L lhNnfÙ /flKt e]/L kxf8L If]qdf kg]{ /f]Nkfsf] pQ/L e]u
-!% uflj;x?_, ?s'd -@) uflj;x?_ / hfh/sf]6 -!# uflj;x?_Ù / s0ff{nLsf]
x'Dnf -!& uflj;x?_ / 8f]Nkf -!^ uflj;x?_ df vfB ;'/Iff r/0f @ df
kg]{ uflj;x? a9L b]lvPsf 5g\ .
ofzf{u'Daf, h6fd;L, s6'sL, / ;t'jf nufotsf u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ / :ofp
h:tf gub] afnLx?sf] a]rlavgaf6 cfDbfgL ePsf] x'gfn] vfB ;'/Iff
cj:yfnfO{ cem lau|gaf6 /f]Sb} o;af6 x'g ;Sg] gsf/fTds k|efjnfO{ dTy/
kf/]sf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu o; If]qdf ofzf{u'Dafsf] a]rlavgaf6 ;du|df $
s/f]8 cd]/LsL 8n/ a/fa/sf] cfDbfgL ePsf] cg'dfg 5 -lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf
nflu sf]i7 ! df x]g{ ;lsg]5_ . o;sf ;fy}, g]kfn vfB ;+:yfg, ljZj vfB
sfo{qmd -c5fd, aemfª, afh'/f / d'u' lhNnfdf_ / lrg ;/sf/ -d'u' / aemfª
lhNnfdf_ sf] vfB ;xof]un] hf]lvddf k/]sf 3/w'/Lx?sf] vfBfGg
kx'Fr÷pknAwtf a9fpgdf d2t k'¥ofof] . cGo ;|f]taf6 x'g] /fd|f] cfDbfgLn]
ljz]if u/L b'u{d If]qx?df -hxfF dg;'gL jiff{sf sf/0f ahf/ / cf gf]
pTkfbgaf6 x'g] vfB pknAwtf ;Lldt x'G5_ vfBfGg kx'Frdf ;'wf/
Nofpg ;S5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ k|dfl0ft gug]{ s'/f oxfF l6Kk0fL of]Uo 5 .
;'wf/ cfPsf]M k"jL{ kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]q
o; cg'udg cjlwdf lxpFb] afnL ux'F / hf}sf] pTkfbgaf6 k"jL{ kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qsf 3/w'/Lx?sf] vfB ;FlrtLdf s'g}
pNn]Vo e"ldsf /x]g . >fj0f–efb| cjlwdf leœØfOPsf] ds} afnL, u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf ;fy} cn}+rL / cfn' h:tf gub] afnLsf] a]rlavgaf6 ePsf] cfDbfgLn] 3/w'/Lsf] vfB ;'/Iff cj:yfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg d2t u¥of] . ;fk]lIfs ?kdf ;8ssf] cj:yf g/fd|f] ePsf] / Hofnfbf/L sfdsf
cj;/x? ;Lldt ePsf] x'gfn] o; If]qsf] pQ/L e]usf dflg;x? df};dL ?kdf vfB c;'/Iffsf] df/df k/] . ;f] If]qdf kz'x?, cn}+lr / lr/fOtf]
h:tf gub] afnL / u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] a]rlavgaf6 x'g] cfDbfgL klg ;Lldt /x\of] .
cj:yf l:y/ /x]sf]M dWo tyf klZrdL kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qsf ;fy} dWo, k"jL{ / klZrdL t/fO{
jif]{ afnL -dWo kxf8L / lxdfnL If]qdf ds} / cfn'Ù dWo / k"jL{ t/fO{df ux'F / c3f}6] wfgÙ klZrdL t/fO{df ds}, cfn' / kmfk/_ leœØfOb}+ x'gfn] / cl3Nnf] afnL wfg / ux'F af6 3/w'/LnfO{ k|fKt vfBfGg ;FlrtLn] ubf{ oL If]qx?df vfBfGg pknAwtf /fd|f] /x]sf] l/kf]6{ 5 . o;sf ;fy}, ahf/df
vfBfGg k|r'/ dfqfdf pknAw 5 . ofzf{u'Daf ;+sng÷a]rlavg -bf]nvf / l;Gw'kfNrf]s_, t/sf/L÷kmnk'mn a]rlavg, Honfbf/L /f]huf/Lsf
cj;/x? -ljz]if u/L ;8s / hnljB't / snsf/vfgfx?_ / ko{6g -klZrdL e]u_ n] dflg;x?sf] qmo zlQm a[l4 ug{df d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 ctM
vfBfGg kx'Fr clej[4L ePsf] 5 . ljk|]if0fn] klg vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf l:y/ agfpgdf d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5, pbfx/0fsf nflu–DoflUbdf ljk|]if0fn]
3/w'/Lsf] s"n cfDbfgLdf &% k|ltzt of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] 5 -;|f]tM lhNnf vfB ;'/Iff ;~hfn, DoflUb_. o;sf ;fy}, lrgsf] gfsf ;+u
hf]l8Psf /;'jfsf 3/w'/Lx?df lrg ;/sf/sf] vfB ;xof]u -@%=^ d]6 rfdn_ n] clt hf]lvddf k/]sf 3/w'/Lx?sf] vfB ;'/Iffdf ;xof]u
k'¥ofPsf] 5 .
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g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g– c+s #^
vfB pknAwtf
lgDg ;+:yfx?åf/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf k|sflzt
s[lif ljsf; dGqfnoM vfB ;'/Iff cg'udg OsfO{
ljZj vfB sfo{qmdM vfB ;'/Iff cg'dug tyf ljZn]if0f OsfO{
afnL pTkfbg
l9nf] / ckof{Kt dg;'gL jiff{n] jif]{ afnL nufOg] If]qkmn ;fy} afnL pTkfbgdf k|efj kf¥of]M
hn tyf df};d lj1fg ljefusf cg';f/, dg;'gL jiff{ Ps xKtf l9nf] ;'? ePsf] / rf/ jif{ otfsf] ;a} eGbf sd jiff{ ePsf] hgfPsf] 5M wfg
afnL nufpg] h]7 / c;f/ dlxgfdf qmdzM ^! / *& k|ltzt jiff{ eof] eg] ut jif{ ;f]xL ;dodf qmdzM !!) / (^ k|ltzt jiff{ ePsf] lyof] .
dWo / k"jL{ t/fO{sf k;f{, af/f, /f}tx6, ;nf{xL, dxf]Q/L, wg'iff, l;/xf, ;Kt/L, ;'g;/L, df]/ª, emfkf lhNnfx? kof{Kt jiff{ gx'gfn] k|efljt ePsf
lyP . oL lhNnfx? wfg afnL pTkfbg ug]{ k|d'v lhNnfx? x'g\ hxfF /fli6«o wfg pTkfbgsf] $) k|ltzt wfg pTkfbg x'g] ub{5 . wfg afnLsf]
pTkfbgdf cfPsf] x|f;n] /fli6«o vfBfGg jf;nftdf pNn]Vo k|efj kfg]{ cg'dfg 5 . o;}u/L, wgs'6f, pbok'/, / O{nfdsf s]xL If]qx?df klg
kof{Kt jiff{ ePg .
gS;f $M ds} afnLsf] cj:yf, dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg @)^( -;|f]tM NeKSAP lhNnf vfB ;'/Iff ;~hfn_
ds}M ds} pd|g] ;dodf /;'jf, g'jfsf]6, b}n]v,
hfh/sf]6, ?s'd, ;'v]{t / wflbªsf s]xL If]qx?df
kof{Kt lr:ofg gx'gfsf ;fy} hfh/sf]6 / ?s'dsf
s]xL If]qdf v}/f] yf]Kn] /f]usf sf/0f ds} afnLsf]
pTkfbg /fd|f] gePsf] l/kf]6{ 5 . ut jif{sf]
t'ngfdf pTkfbgdf @)–#) k|ltzt ;Dd x|f;
cfpg] cg'dfg 5 .
s[lif ljsf; dGqfnoåf/f k|sflzt kl5Nnf]
k"jf{g'dfg cg';f/, @)^&÷^* sf] t'ngfdf
@)^*÷^( df jif]{ afnL wfg, ds} /
sf]bf]sf] pTkfbgdf qmdzM !!=#, *=# / #
k|ltztn] x|f; cfpg] cg'dfg 5 -s[lif
ljsf; dGqfno, @)^(_ . @)^&÷^* df %
jif{ otfsf] cf};t pTkfbgsf] !#% k|ltzt
a9L cyf{t clen]vdf ;a}eGbf a9L &^
nfv d]6 pTkfbgsf] ;fydf k|r'/ pTkfbg
ePsf] s'/f l6Kk0fL of]Uo 5 .
wfgM l9nf] tyf ckof{Kt jiff{sf sf/0f o; jif{ wfg
afnL pTkfbgdf ulDe/ ?kdf x|f; cfpg] cg'dfg
5 . s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf cg';f/ wfg afnL
nufOg] If]qkmndf -d'Vot k"jL{ t/fO{df_ sl/a
( k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf] cg'dfg 5 . oBlk, lhNnf
vfB ;'/Iff ;~hfnx?sf cg';f/, wg'iff, dxf]Q/L,
l;/xf / ;Kt/L afx]s cGo :yfgx?df x'sL{/x]sf]
afnLsf] cj:yf ;fdfGo 5 .
If]qLo cj:yf
@)!! sf] k|r'/ pTkfbgsf] t'ngfdf @)!@ df ljZjJofkL ?kdf cGg pTkfbg 36\g] k|If]k0fn] ;+s]t u/]sf] 5 . oBlk, Pl;of dxfb]ze/ jif ]{ afnL
leϯfOb} x'gfn] ;du| pTkfbg ut jif{sf] eGbf Go"g?kdf a9L x'g] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 . blIf0fL Pl;ofdf l9nf] tyf ckof{Kt dg;'gL jiff {sf sf/0f ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf jif]{ afnLsf] pTkfbgdf sld x'g] cg'dfg 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu, ef/tdf wfgsf] pTkfbg %=^ k|ltzt cyjf () nfv d]6 sd
x'g] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 . oBlk, jf+unfb]z / kfls:tfgdf wfgsf] pTkfbgdf Go"g?kdf a[l4 x'g] cg'dfg 5 eg] cGo cGg afnLx?sf] pTkfbgdf ut
jif{sf] t'ngfdf a[l4 x'g] jf p:t} /xg] cg'dfg 5 -;|f]tM æafnL pTkfbg k"jf{g'dfg / vfB cj:yfÆ, cS6f]a/ @)!@, PkmPcf]_ .
gS;f %M wfgafnLsf] cj:yf, dWo c;f/–dWo cflZjg @)^(
-;|f]tM NeKSAP lhNnf vfB ;'/Iff ;~hfn_
-
6
ahf/sf] cj:yf
g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g– c+s #^
vfB kx'Fr
NeKSAP 3/w'/L ;j]{If0fsf cg';f/, g]kfnsf] u|fdL0f If]qsf #! k|ltzt 3/w'/Lx?n]
ckof{Kt cfxf/ pkef]u ub{5g\ . of] cf+s8f cl3Nnf] cg'udg cjlwsf] t'ngfdf sd
ePtfklg ut jif{ oxL ;dosf] t'ngfdf eg] ldNbf]h'Nbf] /x]sf] 5 -lrq %_ .
lxpFb] afnLaf6 k|fKt 3/w'/Lsf] vfB ;+lrtL ;lsb} uPsf] / jif]{ afnL -ds} / wfg_
leϯfpg] qmd efb| / cflZjgaf6 dfq ;'? x'g] x'gfn] 3/w'/Lx? vfBfGg kx'Frsf nflu ahf/df a9L lge{/ eP -lrq ^_ . cfDbfgLsf d'Vo ;|f]tx?dfM Hofnfbf/L /f]huf/L, gub]
afnLsf] a]rlavg -dWo kxf8L If]qdf a]df};dL t/sf/Lx?, t/fO{df s]/f, e'Os6/,
cfFk, / lnrL h:tf pi0f xfjfkfgLdf x'g] kmnk'mnx?, k"jL{ t/fO{df h'6, k"jL{ kxf8df
lrof / cn}rL, lxdfnL If]qdf :ofp_, ofzf{u'Daf h:tf u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] ;+sng
tyf a]rlavg, / kz' tyf kz'hGo pTkfbgsf] a]rlavg kb{5g\ . o;sf clt/LQm,
ofzf{u'Dafsf] d"No ;+sng :yndf g}+ ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf %) k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf]
x'gfn] dWo tyf ;'b"/ klZrdL lxdfnL If]qsf dflg;x?n] ofzf{u'Daf ;+sng /
a]rlavgaf6 nfe p7fPsf lyP -lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu sf]i7 ! df x]g{ ;lsg]5_ .
ljZj vfB sfo{qmdn] vfB pkef]u ;d"x lgsfNgsfnflu k|of]u u/]sf] ljlw lj:t[t ?kdf lgDg (NeKSAP) u'un u'|k ljB'tLo 7]ufgfdf x]g{ ;lsg]5Ù https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnxuZWZvb2RzZWN8Z3g6NWFjYWE1M2E0ZjFkNjNlNQ
3/w''/Lsf] vfBfGg kx'Fr
lrq %= 3/w'/Lsf] vfBfGg pkef]u cj:yf
-;|f]tM NeKSAP 3/w'/L ;j]{If0f_
lrq ^= 3/w'/Lsf] vfBfGgsf] ;|f]t
-;|f]tM NeKSAP 3/w'/L ;j]{If0f_
0
5
10
15
20
vfB tyf k]o
kbfy{
cGgx? oftfoft
:kmLlt
b/ -Ü df_
cflZjg @)^& cflZjg @)^* cflZjg @)^(
lrq @= d"No :kmLlt k|j[lt -trend_ -;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6« a}+s_
CPI
pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfÍ -Consumer Price Index-CPI_ dfkg cg';f/ jflif{s
d"No :kmLlt ut jif{ oxL ;dosf] t'ngfdf @)^( cflZjg dlxgfdf !!=@ k|ltztsf
b/n] a[l4 eof] -lrq @_ . cGgx?sf] d"No ;"rsfÍ ut jif{ oxL ;dosf] t'ngfdf &=@
k|ltztn] a[l4 eof] . o;}u/L, oftfoftsf] d"No ;"rsfÍ !%=& k|ltztsf b/n] a[l4 eof]
h'g O{Gwgsf] d"Nodf ePsf] lg/Gt/ a[l4sf] kmn:j?k ePsf] xf] .
vfg]t]n / cfn'sf] d"Nosf] t'ngfdf cGg /
bfnx?sf] d"No ;fk]lIfs ?kdf l:y/ /x\of] . of]
d'Vot ut b'O{ jif{df /fd|f] pTkfbg ePsf] /
kxf8L tyf lxdfnL lhNnfx?df ;8s tyf
uf]/]6fx?sf] kx'Frdf ;'wf/ cfpgfn] ePsf] xf] .
lxpFb] vfB ;FlrtL ;lsPsf], s[lif pTkfbgsf] cefjsf] ;do ePsf] / dg;'gL jiff{ofdsf]
cjlwdf cfk"lt{df jfwf k/]sf] x'gfn] a}zfv dlxgf otf d'Vo vfB a:t'x?sf] d"Nodf qmdz
al4 eO/x]sf] tYo l6Kk0fL of]Uo 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfly{s jif{ -c;f/ dlxgfdf_ ;lsPsf]
x'gfn] of] ;dodf lasf; lqmofsnfkx? 36\gfn] Honfbf/L /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x? ;Lldt
ePsf 5g\ . ;fk]lIfs ?kn] vfB c;'/lIft If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;x? k|fo Hofnfbf/Laf6
x'g] cfDbfgLdf lge{/ x'G5g\ / o; cjlwdf pgLx?mn] ;Lltd Hofnfbf/L /f]huf/Lsf
cj;/ ;fy} vfBfGgsf] a9\bf] d"Nosf] df/ v]Kg' k¥of] . vfBfGg d"No 36\g] / dg;'gL
jiff{ofd kl5 ljsf; sfo{qmdx? ;'? eO{ Hofnfbf/L /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x? a9\g] x'gfn]
cflZjg dlxgf kZrft cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfpg] cg'dfg 5 .
lrq #= vfBfGg d"No k|j[lt -;|f]tM s[lif ljsf; dGqfno_
g]? g]?
lrq $= vfBfGg pkef]u ;d'x
-
7
hf]lvd / lgjf{x
g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g– c+s #^
vfB l:y/tf
lrq &= vfB c;'/Iffsf hf]lvddf k/]sf 3/w'/Lx? -;|f]tM NeKSAP 3/w'/L ;j]{If0f_
lrq *= 3/w'/Lx?n] v]Kg' k/]sf] hf]lvdx? -;|f]tM NeKSAP 3/w'/L ;j]{If0f_
dg;'gL jiff{ofdsf] cjlwdf u|fdL0f g]kfndf vfB c;'/Iffsf] hf]lvd bf]xf]/L/xg] s'/f xf] .
ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf hf]lvddf k/]sf 3/w'/Lx?sf] cg'kft sd ePtfklg dg;'gL
jiff{ofdsf] cjlwdf o;df a[l4 eof] -lrq &_ . o; cjlwdf @% k|ltzt 3/w'/Lx?
hf]lvddf k/]sf / tL dWo] Ps tLxfO{ dfq hf]lvdaf6 pS;g ;s]sf] l/kf]6{ 5 .
v8]/L÷clgoldt jiff{ 3/w'/Lx?n] v]Kg' k/]sf] k|d'v hf]lvddf k/]sf]
l/kf]6{ 5, h;n] ut jif{x?sf] t'ngfdf o; k6s ;a}eGbf sd
jiff{ ePsf] k|ltlalDat ub{5 .
3/w'/Lx?n] vfBfGg tyf k};f c}Frf]k}Frf] u/]/ jf ;xof]u dfly lge{/
eP/ / sd ?rLs/÷sd df]nsf] vfgf vfP/ lgjf{x u/]sf lyP .
ofzf{u'Daf g]kfndf ax'd"No u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ dWo] Ps xf] . of]
pRr kj{tLo If]qsf] #,%)) ld6/ prfO{ eGbf dfly kfO{G5 / r}q
b]lv h]7 dlxgf ;Dd o;sf] ;+sng x'G5 . ;g\ @))! af6 dfq
g]kfndf o;sf] ;+sngnfO{ j}Wf ul/Psf] xf] / xfn o;sf]
a]rlavgn] lxdfnL If]qsf 3/w'/Lx?sf] vfB ;'/Iffdf pNn]Vo
of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] 5 .
NeKSAP lhNnf vfB ;'/Iff ;~hfnx?sf cg';f/, o; df};ddf
dWo tyf ;'b"/ klZrdL lxdfnL If]qdf ofzf{u'Daf ;+sng dfkm{t $
s/f]8 cd]/LsL 8n/ eGbf a9L /sd a/fa/sf] /fhZj ;+sng
eof] . cf};t !$ nfv ?k}of k|lt lsnf]df a]rlavg eO{ ut jif{sf]
t'ngfdf ofzf{u'Dafsf] d"No o; k6s ;+sng s]Gb|df %) k|ltzt
eGbf a9Lsf b/n] a[l4 eof] .
lhNnfe/ 3/w'/Lsf] vfB ;'/Iffdf ofzf{u'Daf ;+sng /
a]rlavgsf] k|efj leGg leGg /x]sf] kfOof] . NeKSAP
lhNnf vfB ;'/Iff ;~hfnx?n] l/kf]6{ u/] cg';f/, tnsf] tflnsfn]
@)^*÷^( df x/]s lhNnfdf ofzf{u'Daf dfkm{t ePsf] /fhZj ;+sng
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . 8f]Nkfdf ;a} eGbf a9L cfDbfgL eof] / lhNnfsf]
*) k|ltzt eGbf a9L 3/w'/Lx? ofzf{u'Daf ;+sngdf ;+nUg ePsf
lyP . d'u'df 3/w'/L:t/df k|lt 3'/w'/L ;a}eGbf a9L cfDbfgL eof] t/
lhNnfsf gf}+ k|ltzt 3/w'/Lx? dfq ;+sngdf ;+nUg ePsf lyP .
l;Gw'kfNrf]s / bf]nvfdf s]jn b'O{ k|ltzt 3/w'/Lx?
dfq ;+sngdf ;+nUg eP / o;sf] k|efj TotL pNn]Vo /x]g .
sf]i7 !M ofzf{u'Dafsf] k|jfx
sf]i7 !M ofzf{u'Daf dfkm{t ePsf] /fhZj ;+sng @)^*÷^(
lgDg ;+:yfx? åf/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf k|sflzt
s[lif ljsf; dGqfnoM vfB ;'/Iff cg'udg OsfO{
ljZj vfB sfo{qmdM vfB ;'/Iff cg'dug tyf ljZn]if0f OsfO{
-
8
g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g– c+s #^
vfB ;'/Iff k"jf{g'dfg / lhNnf:t/Lo k|ltj]bg
lj:t[t vfB ;'/Iff hfgsf/L
g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff cg'udg k|0ffnL (NeKSAP) n] xfn g]]kfne/ &@
lhNnfx?sf] lgoldt cg'udg ub{5 . cg'udgaf6 k|fKt log} ;"rgfx?n] o;
a'n]l6gsf] nflu ;"rgf ;fdfu|L h'6fpFb5 . x/]s lhNnfsf] k"0f{ vfB ;'/Iff
a'n]l6g cg'/f]w ePdf c+u|]hL* / g]kfnLdf pknAw u/fOg]5 .
;d"x != s0ff{nL
8f]Nkf* x'Dnf*
h'Dnf*
sflnsf]6*
d'u'*
;d"x @= ;"b'/ klZrdL kxf8L tyf lxdfnL
lhNnfx?
c5fd*
aemfª*
afh'/f*
a}t8L*
88]nw'/f*
bfr'{nf*
8f]6L*
;d"x #= /flKt– e]/L kxf8L lhNnfx?
b}n]v*
hfh/sf]6*
Ko"7fg
/f]Nkf*
?s'd*
;Nofg*
;'v]{t
;d"x $= klZrdL t/fO{
s~rgk'/
s}nfnL
alb{of
afFs]
bfª
slkna:t' ?kGb]xL
;d"x %= k'jL{ t/fO
gjnk/f;L
lrtjg
k;f{
af/f
/f}tx6
;nf{xL
dxf]Q/L
wg'iff
;Kt/L
l;/xf
;'g;/L
df]/Ë
emfkf
;d"x ^= klZrdL kxf8L tyf lxdfnL lhNnfx?
uf]/vf nDh'Ë tgx' c3f{vfFrL
u'lNd
kfNkf
:ofª\hf kj{t afUn'Ë DofUbL
d':tfª
dgfË
sf:sL
;d"x &= dWo kxf8L tyf lxdfnL lhNnfx?
l;Gw'nL /fd]5fk bf]nvf l;Gw'kfNrf]s sfe|]knf~rf]s g'jfsf]6 /;'jf dsjfgk'/
wflbË
;d"x *= k'jL{ kxf8L tyf lxdfnL lhNnfx?
tfKn]h'ª kfFry/ ;+v'jf;ef
Onfd cf]vn9'Ëf
vf]6fª
wgs'6f
pbok'/
;f]n'v'Da'
ef]hk'/
t]x|y'd
vfB ;'/Iff k"jf{g'dfg
of] vfB ;'/Iff a'n]l6g lgDg ;'rgfsf]
cfwf/df tof/ kfl/Psf] xf]Ù -!_ (@$
3/w'/Lx? -kxf8MM#(*, lxdfnM @@)Ù
t/fO{M #)^ 3/w'/Lx?_ af6 g]kfn
vfB ;'/Iff cg'udg k|0ffnL (NeKSAP)
sf] dWo c;f/ b]lv dWo cflZjg
@)^( ;Ddsf] cg'udg
cjlwdf ;+slnt tYofÍ, -@_ NeKSAP
åf/f &@ lhNnfx?df ;~rflnt lhNnf
vfB ;'/Iff ;+hfn a}7s, /
cGo ;fGble{s ;'rgfsf ;|f]tx? .
lgDg ;+:yfx? åf/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf k|sflzt
s[lif ljsf; dGqfnoM vfB ;'/Iff cg'udg OsfO{
ljZj vfB sfo{qmdM vfB ;'/Iff cg'dug tyf ljZn]if0f OsfO{
b]zJofkL ?kdf jif]{ afnLsf] pTkfbg lglZrt ug{ afFsL ePtfklg
ds}, wfg / sf]bf]sf] afnL leœØfpg] sfo{ ;lsPsf] 5 . s[lif lasf; dGqfnosf cg';f/, ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf @)^*÷^( sf] jif]{ afnL
pTkfbg 36]sf] 5 . @)^&÷^* df k|r'/ pTkfbg ePsf] x'gfn] o;
jif{sf] sd pTkfbgn] vfBfGg pknAwtfdf tTsfn k|efj gkg]{ cg'dfg
5 .
cfpFbf] cg'udg cjlwdf lgDg s'/fx?n] ubf{ vfB ;'/Iff
cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfpg] cg'dfg 5M jif]{ afnL leœØfOPsf] x'gfn] 3/w'/L ;fy} ahf/sf] vfB ;FlrtLdf ;'wf/ cfpg]Ù dg;'gL
jiff{ofd ;lsPsf]n] vfBfGg cfk"lt{ ;fdfGo eO{ ljz]if u/L b'u{d If]qdf
vfBfGg d"No l:y/ /fVg d2t k'Ug]Ù lasf; sfo{qmdx? k'g ;'? x'gfn]
Hofnfbf/L /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x? pknAw x'g] cflb . kmnk'mn -;'Gtnf
hftsf_, t/sf/L, u]8fu'8L / u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] a]rlavgaf6
lg/Gt/ cfDbfgL x'g] cg'dfg 5 . s0ff{nL / cGo hf]lvddf k/]sf
If]qx?df g]kfn vfB ;+:yfg, ljZj vfB sfo{qmd / lrg ;/sf/sf]
vfB ;xof]un] lg/Gt/tf kfpg] cg'dfg 5 .
oL If]qx?df jif]{ afnLsf] pTkfbg sd ePsf] x'gfn] oL
If]qx?nfO{ lgs6af6 cg'udg ug{ h?/L 5 . xfn} jif]{ afnL leϯfPOsf] x'gfn] tTsfn vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf l:y/ /x]tfklg vfB ;FlrtL l/lQb}
uP kl5 k'if dlxgfaf6 csf]{ afnL -r}q dlxgfdf_ gleϯfP ;Dd ljz]if u/L hf]lvddf k/]sf 3/w'/Lx?sf] vfB ;'/Iffdf k|efj kg]{ cg'dfg 5 .
NeKSAP va/M bf];|f] r/0fsf] ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/
NeKSAP Ifdtf clej[l4 kl/of]hgfsf nflu bf];|f] r/0fsf]
lqkIfLo ;Demf}tfdf @)^( cflZjg !* ut]sf lbg x:tfIf/
eof] . /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf ;x ;lrj >L ejs[i0f e§/fO{, s[lif
ljsf; dGqfnosf ;x ;lrj >L ljho s'df/ dlNns, / ljZj vfB
sfo{qmdsf pk lgb]{zs >L lgsf]n; cf]j/lng åf/f o"/f]lkog
o"lgogsf kl/of]hgf Joj:yfks >L d]l/og ldrf]8sf]
pkl:yltdf ;f] ;Demf}tf kqdf x:tfIf/ eof] .
bf];|f] r/0fsf] kl/of]hgf cS6f]a/ @)!@ df ;'?
eO{ dfr{ @)!^ ;Dd ;~rfng x'g]5 . k|df0fdf cfwf/Lt gLlt lgdf{0f
tyf of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;/sf/sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 u/L g]kfndf
vfB ;'/Iff cj:yf ;'wf/ ug]{ kl/of]hgfsf] d'Vo p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 .
kl/of]hgfsf] cGTo;Dddf NeKSAP -g]kfn vfB ;'/Iff cg'udg
k|0ffnL_ nfO{ ;/sf/sf] ;+/rgf leq ;+:yfut ul/g]5 .
kmf]6f]M lz+xb/af/df ;Demf}tf kqdf x:tfIf/ x'Fb}