HASAN MALAY, GEORG PETZL NEW RELIGIOUS TEXTS FROM …6 MALAY ‒ PETZL, New Religious Texts from...

HASAN MALAY, GEORG PETZL

NEW RELIGIOUS TEXTS FROM LYDIA

öStERREICHISCHE aKaDEmIE DER WISSEnSCHaFtEnPHIlOSOPHISCH-HIStORISCHE KlaSSE

DEnKSCHRIFtEn, 497. BanD

ERGänzunGSBänDE zu DEn tItulI aSIaE mInORISBand 28

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Hasan Malay, GeorG Petzl

NEW RELIGIOUS TEXTS FROM LYDIA

Die verwendete Papiersorte ist aus chlorfrei gebleichtem Zellstoff hergestellt,frei von säurebildenden Bestandteilen und alterungsbeständig.

Alle Rechte vorbehalten.ISBN 978-3-7001-8048-7

Copyright © 2017 byÖsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien

Druck und Bindung: Prime Rate kft., Budapesthttp://epub.oeaw.ac.at/8048-7

http://verlag.oeaw.ac.atPrinted and bound in the EU

Angenommen durch die Publikationskommission der philosophisch-historischen Klasse der ÖAW: Michael Alram, Bert Fragner, Hermann Hunger, Sigrid Jalkotzy-Deger, Brigitte Mazohl, Franz Rainer,

Oliver Jens Schmitt, Peter Wiesinger und Waldemar Zacharasiewicz

Umschlagbild: Karte: Copyright H. Malay

Diese Publikation wurde einem anonymen, internationalen Peer-Review-Verfahren unterzogen.This publication has undergone the process of anonymous, international peer review.

C O N T E N TS Vorwort des Herausgebers ................................................................................................ 13

Preface .............................................................................................................................. 15 Abbreviations, Selected Bibliography .............................................................................. 19

I THYATEIRA 1 Lex Sacra ..................................................................................................................... 25

2 Honour to Tiberius Claudius Antyllos ......................................................................... 29

II APOLLONIS 3 Oracles of the Didymaean Apollon for the City of Apollonis ..................................... 31

III ÇALTEPE (N OF MOSCHAKOME) 4 Record of Contributions to the Mysteria of Artemis ................................................... 39

IV MAGNESIA AD SIPYLUM 5 Dedication to an Anonymous God .............................................................................. 43

V KARAOĞLANLI (NEAR MOSTENE ?) 6 Thank-offering to a Deity or Deities (rediscovery and revision) ................................ 45 7 Christian Dedication .................................................................................................... 45

VI ÇALDAĞI (SE OF HYRKANIS) 8 Cult Table and Censers Dedicated to Apollon Kisaualouddenos ................................ 47

9 Dedication to Apollon Cissauliddenus (in Latin) ........................................................ 48 10 Fragment of a Christian Prayer .................................................................................... 49

VII KEMALPAŞA (BETWEEN SMYRNA AND TURGUTLU) 11 Dedication to an Anonymous God .............................................................................. 51

12 Boundary Stone of the Church of Parsada (rediscovery) ............................................ 52

VIII CAESAREA TROKETTA 13 Oracle of Clarian Apollon (rediscovery) ..................................................................... 53

IX KAVAKALAN (SW OF IULIA GORDOS) 14 Fragment of a Christian Invocation (?) ........................................................................ 55 15 Honour to a Temple Warden by the People of Hierokaisareia .................................... 55

6 MALAY ‒ PETZL, New Religious Texts from Lydia

X BETWEEN THYATEIRA AND GÖLMARMARA 16 Dedication to Zeus Kananeirenos by a Priest of Zeus Mesdianos ............................... 57

XI CHARAKIPOLIS 17 A) Dedication to the Virgin Goddess Velitia Furia Apphia ........................................ 59

B) Funerary Altar for Publius Velitius Thynites ......................................................... 60

XII DALDIS 18 Boundary Stone of a Church ....................................................................................... 61

XIII SATALA 19 Dedication to Zeus Aerios (rediscovery) ..................................................................... 63

20 Christian Prayer (rediscovery) ..................................................................................... 63

XIV İĞDECİK (NE OF SARDEIS) 21 Boundary Stone of the Temple of the Sardian (?) Artemis ......................................... 65

22 Fragment of a Dedication ............................................................................................ 66

XV YEŞİLOVA (E OF SARDEIS) 23 Dedication of a Krater ................................................................................................. 67

XVI THE SANCTUARY OF ARTEMIS ANAITIS AND MEIS TIAMOU AT ESENYAZI (SE OF MAIONIA) 24 Dedication to An(a)eitis ............................................................................................... 71

25 Dedication to Thea Anaitis .......................................................................................... 71

26 Dedication to Thea Anaeitis ........................................................................................ 71 27 Dedication to Thea Anaeitis ........................................................................................ 72

28 Dedication to Thea Anaeiteis ....................................................................................... 72

29 Dedication to Thea [Ana(e)itis] .................................................................................... 72

30 Dedication to Meter Anaeitis ....................................................................................... 73



33 Dedication to [Meter] Anaeitis .................................................................................... 74



36 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis ................................................................................. 75

37 Dedication to (Artemis ?) Anaeitis .............................................................................. 75

38 Dedication to Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou .................................................................... 76

39 Dedication to Meter Aneitis and Meis Tiamou ........................................................... 76

40 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...................................................... 77



Contents 7


44 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Teiamou .................................................... 79



47 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ....................................................... 81











58 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Teiamou .................................................... 86






64 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou .................................................... 88









73 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis (and Meis Tiamou ?) .............................................. 91


75 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis (and Meis Tiamou ?) .............................................. 92

76 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis (and Meis Tiamou ?) ................................................. 92

77 Confession to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...................................................... 93

78 Fragment Recording Ransom Paid by a family ........................................................... 94

79 Fragment Recording Ransom Paid by the Symbolaphoroi .......................................... 94

80 Fragment Recording Ransom Paid by a Family .......................................................... 95

81 Confession to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...................................................... 95

82 Confession to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ................................................... 96

83 Fragment of a Confession ............................................................................................ 96

84 Dedication (to Artemis Anaitis ?) ................................................................................ 96


85 Dedication by Ammias ................................................................................................ 97

86-9 Dedications (fragmentary) ........................................................................................ 98

90 Fragment of a Hymn .................................................................................................... 99

91 Dedication to Theos Hosios and Dikaios ................................................................... 100

92 Dedication to Theos Hypsistos .................................................................................. 101

93 Dedication of a Statue of Telete ................................................................................ 101

94-106 Fragments ........................................................................................................... 102

APPENDIX I: Anepigraphic Finds from Asar Mahallesi .............................................. 107

XVII GÖKDERE (SE OF MAIONIA) 107 Dedication to a Mother of Gods ................................................................................ 117

108 Dedication to Anaeitis ............................................................................................... 118

XVIII PARLOENOI (W OF SAITTAI) 109 Metrical Dedication to Apollon Syrmaios ................................................................ 119

XIX SAITTAI 110 Dedication to Dionysos by a Mason ......................................................................... 121

111 Record of a Construction Dedicated to Aphrodite and Some Emperors .................. 121

112 Dedication of a Statue of Zeus by the Spelmenoi ..................................................... 122

113 Dedication Recording Cure of Eyes .......................................................................... 123

XX NORTHEAST LYDIA 114 Dedication to the River-God Hermos ....................................................................... 125

115 Posthumous Honours by an Association of Hymnodoi of Artemis ........................... 126

116 Confession to Meis Axiottenos ................................................................................. 126

XXI THE SANCTUARY OF APOLLON AXYR(E)OS AT GÖKVELİLER (S OF SAITTAI)

117 Dedication to Apollon Axyreos ............................................................................... 129

118 Confession (?) to Apollon Axyreos (?) .................................................................... 130

119 Fragment of a Confession ........................................................................................ 131

120 Confession to Theos Helios Apollon Axyreos ........................................................ 132

121 Fragment of a Confession (?) .................................................................................. 132

122 Fragment of a Dedication to Meis Axiottenos ......................................................... 132

XXII THE SANCTUARY OF MEIS ARTEMIDOROU AXIOTTENOS AT MAĞAZADAMLARI (NW OF KOLLYDA)

123 Confession to the Mother of Meis Artemidorou who Rules over and Protects Axiotta ................................................................................................. 137 124 Dedication to the Mother of Meis and Meis Artemidorou who Rules over and Protects Axiotta ................................................................................................. 138 125 Confession (?) to Meis Artemidorou [who Rules over and Protects Axiotta ?] ...... 138

Contents 9

126 Fragment of a Dedication to Meis Artemidorou [Axiottenos ?] .............................. 139

127 Fragment of a Dedication to the Mother of Meis and Meis Artemidorou ............... 139

128 Dedication to Meis Axiot(t)enos ............................................................................. 139

129 Confession (?) to Meis Axiot(t)enos ....................................................................... 140

130 Dedication to Meis Axiottenos (a new fragment of SEG 49, 1550) ........................ 141




134 Fragment of a Confession (?) .................................................................................. 143

135 Fragment of a Dedication ........................................................................................ 143

136 Fragment of a Dedication (?) ................................................................................... 144

137-157 Fragments ......................................................................................................... 144

APPENDIX II: Anepigraphic Finds from Mağazadamları ........................................... 151

XXIII THE SANCTUARY OF THEA LARMENE ON THE TOMA MOUNTAIN (SW OF SAITTAI)

158 Dedication to Thea Larmene ................................................................................... 157

159 Confession to Meter Larmene ................................................................................. 158

160 Confession to Meter Larmene ................................................................................. 160

161 Dedication to [Thea] Larmene ................................................................................. 161

162 Dedication to Thea Larmene ................................................................................... 161

163 Dedication of a Propylon to Hadrian and M[eter Larmene ?] ................................. 162

164 Fragment of a Dedication ........................................................................................ 162

165 Dedication to Meter Larmene .................................................................................. 163

166 Epigram for (Meter or Thea) Larmene .................................................................... 163

167 Dedication to [Thea] Larmene ................................................................................. 164

168 Dedication to Thea Epekoos (rediscovery and revision) ......................................... 164

169 Fragments of a Confession ? (rediscovery and revision) ......................................... 165

170-175 Fragments ......................................................................................................... 165

APPENDIX III: Anepigraphic Finds from the Toma Mountain ................................. 169

XXIV NISYRA 176 Fragment Recording a Prophet ................................................................................ 173


XXV THE SANCTUARY OF METER TAZENE AND MEIS PETRAEITES AT KAVAKLI AND ITS SURROUNDINGS

178 Confession to Theoi Tazenoi ................................................................................... 177

179 Dedication to Meter Theôn Tazene ......................................................................... 178

180 Dedication to Meter Taszene ................................................................................... 178

181 Dedication to Meis Petraeites .................................................................................. 179

182 Dedication to Meis [Petraeites ?] ............................................................................. 179


183-184 Fragments ......................................................................................................... 179

185 Dedication to Meis Petraeites .................................................................................. 180

186 Record of a Ransom for Appeasing the Gods ......................................................... 181


188 Confession to Meter Andirene (metrical) ................................................................ 183

189 Post Mortem Honours to a Chief-phrator by the Symbiosis TVN KALOKAIRVN . 186

XXVI IAZA 190 Dedication to Mega Theion Epiphanes .................................................................... 189

191 Dubious .................................................................................................................... 189

XXVII KULA 192 Dedication to the Gods of the Underworld .............................................................. 191

XXVIII MAIONIA 193 Dedication to Thea Andene and Tiamou by the Phratra of Wagoners ................... 193

194 Dedication of a Propylon (?) to Septimius Severus and his Son(s) ......................... 194

195 Honour to a Priest of Augustus by an Association of Sacrificers (Thysiastai) ........ 195

196 Dedication to Zeus Maspalatenos ............................................................................ 197

197 Dedication to Zeus Maspalatenos and Meis Tiamou by an Emperor-loving Phratria ......................................................................................... 198 198 Dedication to Theos Hypsistos ................................................................................ 199

XXIX MAZLITEPE (PEBALEIS) NEAR KULA 199 Dedication of Some Real Estates to Zeus Keraunios .............................................. 201

200 Dedication to Domitian by the Pebaleis .................................................................. 203

201 Dedication of a Building to Domitian and Domitia ................................................ 204

202 Dedication to a Mother Goddess and Apollon ........................................................ 205

XXX AREA OF PHILADELPHIA 203 Dedication to Zeus Keraunios by a Private Association at Tetrapyrgia .................. 207

204 Dedication to Theos Hypsistos ................................................................................ 208

205 Record of a Dedication or Contribution .................................................................. 209

206 Honour to a Priest of Dionysos PRO POLEVS ....................................................... 210

207 Funerary Inscription for a Priest and his Wife ........................................................ 211

208 Dedication to Apollon Nazilleus (?) ......................................................................... 212

209 Dedication to Thea Philis ........................................................................................ 212

210 Tomb of Alexander, Son of a Presbyteros from Rhoendos .................................... 213

XXXI SILANDOS 211 Dedication to Theos Hypsistos ................................................................................ 215

212 Dedication to the Gods ............................................................................................ 215

Contents 11

XXXII TABALA 213 Dedication to Poteo(s) ............................................................................................. 217

INDICES I Personal Names ............................................................................................................ 219

II Deities ......................................................................................................................... 222

III Rulers ........................................................................................................................ 223

IV Geographica .............................................................................................................. 224

V Vocabulary .................................................................................................................. 224

VI Phonology - Grammar ............................................................................................... 232

VII Selected Topics ........................................................................................................ 234

MAP

___________

VORWORT DES HERAUSGEBERS

Lydien gehört zu den – nicht nur in epigraphischer Hinsicht – ertragreichsten Landschaften Kleinasiens, wovon auch die bisher drei umfangreichen Faszikel mit Inschriften dieser Landschaft in der Reihe Tituli Asiae Minoris (V 1-3) zeugen. In dem vorliegenden Band werden nun über zweihundert Inschriften von zwei der renommiertesten Fachleute der Epigraphik Westkleinasiens bekannt gemacht bzw. in revidierter Form wieder vorgelegt, die seit mehr als vierzig Jahren epigraphische Forschungen in diesem Gebiet durchführen, wobei sie in nicht geringem Maße Unterstützung von der Kleinasiatischen Kommission (seit 2013 “Arbeitsgruppe Epigraphik”) der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften erfuhren. Dementsprechend haben sie einen Großteil ihrer Ergebnisse im Laufe der vergangenen Jahrzehnte u.a. auch in mehreren Monographien veröffentlicht, die in den beiden von der Akademie herausgegebenen Reihen TAM und ETAM erschienen sind: H. MALAY, Greek and Latin Inscriptions in the Manisa Museum (ETAM 19; Wien 1994); ders., Researches in Lydia, Mysia and Aiolis (ETAM 23; Wien 1999); G. PETZL, TAM V 3 (Wien 2007); P. HERRMANN, H. MALAY, New Documents from Lydia (ETAM 24; Wien 2007). Mit diesem neuen Band setzen die beiden Autoren ihre Publikationstätigkeit fort und veröffentlichen eine große Anzahl bisher unbekannter Inschriften, die ausschließlich die Religion, einschließlich des Christentums, betreffen. Darunter sind so bedeutende Texte wie eine lex sacra (Nr. 1), die Vorschriften für das Betreten eines Heiligtums enthält, ein Orakel (Nr. 3), eine Grabinschrift für eine “vergöttlichte” Verstorbene (Nr. 17) und vieles mehr. Der Erkenntnisgewinn ist groß und beginnt schon bei der Nennung bisher unbekannter Lokalgötter (z. B. Zeus Kananeirenos und Zeus Mesdianos in Nr. 16); die Anzahl der im Heiligtum der Artemis Anaitis und des Meis Tiamou gefundenen Inschriften wird um über achtzig Texte erhöht (Nr. 24-106), und das Heiligtum des schon lange bekannten Gottes Meis (Artemidorou) Axiottenos kann anhand neuer Inschriftenfunde lokalisiert werden (Nr. 123-157). Das ist jedoch nur eine kleine Auswahl der vielen für die antike Religionsgeschichte wertvollen Inschriften dieses Bandes, und ich freue mich, meine Tätigkeit als Herausgeber der beiden oben genannten Reihen mit diesem Buch beginnen zu können.

THOMAS CORSTEN

TO THE MEMORY OF PETER HERRMANN

(1927-2002)

P R E F A C E

It is a well-known fact that the region of ancient Lydia is rich in archaeological and, above all, in epigraphic remains from the Greek and Roman periods. Until the mid-20th century the ancient settlements and sanctuaries located in its remote rural parts remained relatively undisturbed. Since then, things have changed: the trade in antiquities, formerly run on a small scale, has considerably increased; inscribed stones, discovered on the surface, unearthed during the many ongoing building activities, or (often illegally) 'excavated', are offered on the market or go unnoticed into private collections. The provenance of many of these stones is not recorded but can sometimes be determined by the contents of their inscriptions or on stylistic grounds.1

The epigraphic documents are of outstanding importance for research on the history (political, sociological, cultural, religious) and geography of Lydia in Greek-Roman times; fresh discoveries often lead to a better understanding of earlier ones when they are put into a larger context.

Over more than thirty years, HASAN MALAY has spent great effort travelling to many places where the discovery of inscribed monuments was signalled to him. Whenever possible he took care of their transportation to a museum (particularly the one in Manisa), getting infor-mation concerning the circumstances of their discovery, and thorough documentation. He also led two rescue excavations: one on the Mount Toma, the site of the sanctuary of Thea Larmene,2 the other at Mağazadamları where he localized the cult center of Meis Artemidorou Axiottenos and his Mother.3

This book presents the harvest of these activities. Together with GEORG PETZL, who, in 1983, undertook together with him an epigraphical survey in Lydia and has been in close contact with him ever since, MALAY has established a collection of unpublished inscriptions. These contribute to our knowledge of the religious life in Lydia from Hellenistic to Late Roman times (the great majority dating from the first three centuries A.D.).4 They are arranged according to a geographical order and fall under various categories, namely Sacred Laws, Oracles, Hymns, Honorific Inscriptions, Dedications (amongst which a good number of Confessions), Boundary Stones, Building Inscriptions and Funerary Inscriptions. Except for the Latin inscription no. 9, all texts are Greek. The inscriptions are translated unless their text is too fragmentary.

1 See H. MALAY, "Some Inscriptions from Lydia up for Auction", EA 39 (2006), 87-99; here no. 193,

with n. 180. 2 See chapter XXIII. 3 See chapter XXII. 4 Some very poor fragments, mostly found on the sites of sanctuaries, are included here in spite their

'religious' character cannot be proved.

16 H. MALAY ‒ G. PETZL, New Religious Texts from Lydia

A certain number of the inscriptions have been published previously and are included here when they could be illustrated for the first time by photographs5 or when the text of a given inscription could be improved by fresh evidence.6

Many of the inscriptions presented in this book are of special interest and a glance at the Indexes shows the wealth of material concerning in particular the indigenous deities and the local features of cult practices in Lydia: A lex sacra from Thyateira (no. 1); a compendium of texts from the Didyma oracle (no. 3), the exhibition of which outside Didyma / Miletus is a rarissimum; an early Augustan honorific inscription for a priest of the temples of Augustus issued by their ‘Association of the sacrificers’ (no. 195); several texts documenting other religious associations or illustrating the organization of cult activities (nos. 4, 21, 115, 189, 193, 197, 203). Five groups of texts originate from rural sanctuaries which have been identified archaeologically: for Artemis Anaitis and Meis Tiamou (nos. 24-106), for Apollo Axyreos (nos. 117-121), for Meis Artemidorou Axiottenos (nos. 123-157), for Meter Larmene (nos. 158-175), and for Meter Tazene and Meis Petraeites (nos. 178-189, no. 188 being the first known metrical ‘confession inscription’).

Yet, the 'realities', which form the background of the texts, are sometimes difficult to grasp. We also found ourselves not sufficiently prepared for the interpretation of some inscriptions, whose language appeared obscure to us. And, of course, the fragmentary condition of a document is frequently an obstacle to its understanding. We are thus aware of the fact that our commentaries can often be not more than a point of departure for future research.

Especially MALAY’s visits to many places have enabled us to include here topographical observations, illustrated by photographs, in particular for places where sanctuaries of individual gods could be identified. The anepigraphic fragments, which were found in these sanctuaries, are published here in three Appendices.7

We gladly acknowledge our debt and gratitude to many institutions and persons sine quibus non: we wish to give our thanks to Prof. G. DOBESCH, the former Director of the Kleinasiatische Kommission and Prof. TH. CORSTEN, his successor, for their kind help in pro-viding the Austrian Academy’s financial support to MALAY’s work in Lydia. The Academy’s grants between the years 1993 and 2013 enabled him to rescue numerous inscriptions of which the greater part has already been published8. It is a pleasure also to thank İSMAİL AKÇURA (Mani-sa) for financing a part of the expenses for the rescue excavations at Toma Mountain and Mağa-zadamları.

Of numerous local inhabitants, who always supported MALAY’s frequent surveys by showig hospitality, reporting the discovery of inscribed stones and always guiding him during re-searches, RAMAZAN NERGİS (Kula / Esenyazı / Asar Mahallesi), HALİL ÇERÇİ (Kula / Gökçe-ören), KEFAYETTİN ÖZ (Akhisar), ÖNER KAYA (Akhisar), NURULLAH KARGIN (Kula / Şeremet / Kavaklı Mahallesi), RAMAZAN KOYUNLU (Gördes / Kayacık), VEYSEL KUŞOĞLU (Turgutlu), REHA KORKUT (Kemalpaşa / Ören (Parsa) deserve special thanks.

5 Nos. 6; 12; 13; 19; 20; 130; 168; 169. 6 Nos. 6; 130; 168; 169. Proposals for new readings have been made for two published texts (TAM V 3,

1520 and V 1, 274) without ranging them in the present numbering: see the commentaries on nos. 189 and 199. 7 Chapter XVI with Appendix I; chapter XXII with Appendix II; chapter XXIII with Appendix III. An

unpublished stele without inscription offers a parallel to the depiction of the river-god Hermos on the stele no. 114 (see the photographs there).

8 See MALAY, Manisa Museum; MALAY, Researches; HERRMANN (†) ‒ MALAY, New Docs.

Preface 17

MALAY’s work in the field, excavations, museums and private collections would not have been carried out without Prof. CUMHUR TANRIVER’s continuous help and collaboration. We owe a great deal to him not only because he always spent time and energy for saving new epigraphic material but also took over the responsibility of the rescue-excavations at Toma Mountain and Mağazadamları. On this occasion, we also thank MEHMET ÖNDER, who participated in most sur-veys, Dr. İSMAİL GEZGİN and Dr. SEVGİSER AKAT for their efforts under demanding conditions during those excavations. Likewise we should express our gratitude to Prof. ENGİN AKDENİZ, the Director of the Thyateira excavations, for his special attention to drawing MALAY’s attention to inscribed stones in that area.

On this occasion, we also should record the generous help and support of HASAN

DEDEOĞLU, the former Director of the Manisa Museum, to whom we owe the richness of the epi-graphic material kept in that museum. It is also a pleasure to thank all the other museum direc-tors, who followed him, and the museum staff for their continuous help and hospitality. Likewise we are grateful to the collectioners İSMAİL AKÇURA (Manisa), YAVUZ TATIŞ (İzmir), MUHARREM

KAYHAN (Söke) and ÜMİT EVRAN (İzmir) for giving permission to work on the inscriptions they collected.

We wish in particular to thank some colleagues who supported our work by discussing textual and interpretative problems: see the members of the Institut für Altertumskunde of the Cologne University mentioned in the commentary on no. 3, amongst whom G. STAAB deserves special mention as he helped us not only with philological but also technical problems. Thanks go also to both anonymous referees engaged by the publisher and again to TH. CORSTEN, whose valuable proposals led to a number of changes in our manuscript. SUE ELLEN DOPP (İzmir), MICHAELA P. and RICHARD L. JOHNSON (Nottinghamshire) and HENRIKE KINGSBURY (Northampton) helped to improve our English. The responsibility for all deficiencies remains of course with us. HASAN MALAY GEORG PETZL İzmir 2016 Cologne, 2016

ABBREVIATIONS, SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY An. Ép. Année Épigraphique

Arkeoloji Dergisi I Arkeoloji Dergisi I (Erol Atalay Memorial), 1991

Ath. Mitt. Athenische Mitteilungen

BABesch Bulletin Antieke Beschaving

BCH Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique

BECHTEL, HP F. BECHTEL, Die historischen Personennamen des Griechischen bis zur Kaiserzeit, 1902

BLÜMEL, IvIasos I W. BLÜMEL, Die Inschriften von Iasos I (I.K. 28.1), 1985

BLÜMEL, IvMylasa II W. BLÜMEL, Die Inschriften von Mylasa II (I.K. 35), 1988

BLÜMEL ‒ MERKELBACH (†), IvPriene W. BLÜMEL ‒ R. Merkelbach (†), Die Inschriften von Priene (I.K. 69), 2014

BMC Lydia B.V. HEAD, Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum. Lydia, 1902

BRIXHE, Grec anatolien C. BRIXHE, Essai sur le grec anatolien au début de notre ère (21987)

Bull. ép. Bulletin épigraphique (in Revue des études grecques [see s.v. REG])

BURESCH, Aus Lydien K. BURESCH, Aus Lydien, 1898

CHANIOTIS, “Divine Justice” A. CHANIOTIS, “Under the Watchful Eyes of the Gods: Divine Justice in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor”, S. COLVIN (ed.), The Greco‒Roman East (Yale Class. Stud. 31), 2004, 1-43

CHANIOTIS, “Illness and Cures” A. CHANIOTIS, “Illness and Cures in the Greek Propitiatory Inscriptions and Dedications of Lydia and Phrygia”, Ancient Medicine in its Socio-Cultural Context, PH. VAN DER EIJK ‒ H. HORSTMANSHOFF ‒ P. SCHRIJVERS (eds.), 1995, vol. II, 323-344

CHANIOTIS, “Ritual Performances” A. CHANIOTIS, “Ritual Performances of Divine Justice: The Epigraphy of Confession, Atonement and Exaltation in Roman Asia Minor”, From Hellenism to Islam, Cultural and Linguistic Change


in the Roman Near East, H.M. COTTON ‒ R.G. HOYLAND ‒ J.J. PRICE ‒ D.J. WASSERSTEIN (eds.), 2009, 115-153

CHANIOTIS, “Tempeljustiz” A. CHANIOTIS, “Tempeljustiz im kaiserzeitlichen Kleinasien: Rechtliche Aspekte der Sühneinschriften Lydiens und Phrygiens”, G. THÜR and J. VÉLISSAROPOULOS-KARAKOSTAS (eds.), Symposion, 1995 (1997), 353-384

CIG Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum

CIRB Corpus Inscriptionum Regni Bosphorani, 1965

ClAnt Classical Antiquity

CORSTEN, IvLaodikeia / Lykos T. CORSTEN, Die Inschriften von Laodikeia am Lykos (I.K. 49), 1997

CRAI Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des inscr. et belles lettres

DIETERICH, Unters. Gesch. griech. Spr. K. DIETERICH, Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der griechischen Sprache, 1898

EA Epigraphica Anatolica

EBGR Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion (in Kernos)

Festschrift Dörner Festschrift F.K. Dörner (S. ŞAHİN ‒ E. SCHWERTHEIM ‒ J. WAGNER [eds.], EPRO 66, 1978)

FONTENROSE, Didyma J. FONTENROSE, Didyma. Apollo's Oracle, Cult and Companions, 1988

GIGNAC, Grammar F.T. GIGNAC, A Grammar of the Greek Papyri of the Roman and Byzantine Periods I (1976), II (1981)

GRBM Greek, Roman and Byzantine Monographs

GRBS Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies

HELLMANN, Vocab. de l'architecture MARIE-CHRISTINE HELLMANN, Recherches sur le vocabulaire de l’architecture grecque, d’après les inscriptions de Délos,1992

HERRMANN (†) ‒ MALAY, New Docs P. HERRMANN (†) ‒ H. MALAY, New Documents from Lydia (ETAM 24), 2007

HERRMANN ‒ POLATKAN, Das Testament P. HERRMANN ‒ K.Z. POLATKAN, Das Testament des Epikrates und andere neue Inschriften aus dem Museum von Manisa, Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wien 265, 1, 1969

Abbreviations, Selected Bibliography 21

HERRMANN, Anz. Akad. Wien 107, 1970 P. HERRMANN, “Zur Geschichte der Stadt Iulia Gordos in Lydien”, Anzeiger der phil.-hist. Klasse der ÖAW, 107 (1970), 92-103

HERRMANN, NOLydien P. HERRMANN, Ergebnisse einer Reise in Nordostlydien (Denkschr. Ak. Wien 80), 1962

HSCPh Harvard Studies in Classical Philology

I. Didyma A. REHM, Didyma II. Die Inschriften, 1958

I. Priene F. HILLER VON GAERTRINGEN, Die Inschriften von Priene, 1900

I.K. Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien

IG Inscriptiones Graecae

IGBulg. Inscriptiones Graecae in Bulgaria Repertae

IGLSyr Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie

IGR Inscriptiones Graecae ad Res Romanas Pertinentes

IGUR Inscriptiones Graecae Urbis Romae

IHNKEN, IvMagnesia TH. IHNKEN, Die Inschriften von Magnesia am Sipylos (I.K. 8), 1978

ILS H. DESSAU, Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae I-III

IosPE Inscriptiones antiquae orae septentrionalis Pontis Euxini Graecae et Latinae (ed. V. Latyshev), 1885- 1901

Ist. Forsch. Istanbuler Forschungen

IvEphesos Die Inschriften von Ephesos Ia (I.K. 11,1 [1979]); IV (I.K. 14 [1980]); VI (I.K. 16 [1980]) and VII,1-2 (I.K. 17 [1981])

JDAI Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts (Archäologischer Anzeiger) JNG Jahrbuch für Numismatik und Geldgeschichte

JRA Journal of Roman Archaeology

KEIL ‒ V. PREMERSTEIN, Erste Reise J. KEIL ‒ A.V. PREMERSTEIN, Bericht über eine Reise in Lydien, 1908

KEIL ‒ V. PREMERSTEIN, Dritte Reise J. KEIL ‒ A.V. PREMERSTEIN, Bericht über eine zweite Reise in Lydien, 1911

KEIL ‒ V. PREMERSTEIN, Zweite Reise J. KEIL ‒ A.V. PREMERSTEIN, Bericht über eine dritte Reise in Lydien, 1914


KIENAST, Römische Kaisertabelle D. KIENAST, Römische Kaisertabelle. Grundzüge einer römischen Kaiserchronologie, 1996

LANE, CCIS II E. LANE, Corpus Cultus Iovis Sabazii II, 1985

LANE, CMRDM E. LANE, Corpus Monumentorum Religionis Dei Menis I-IV (1971-1978)

LESCHHORN (‒ FRANKE), Lexikon W. LESCHHORN ‒ P.R. FRANKE, Lexikon der Aufschriften auf griechischen Münzen I (2009 [2nd ed.]); W. LESCHHORN, Lexikon der Aufschriften auf griechischen Münzen II (2009)

LGPN V.A A Lexicon of Greek Personal Names, V.A: Coastal Asia Minor: Pontos to Ionia (ed. by T. CORSTEN), 2010

LSJ H.G. LDDELL ‒ R. SCOTT ‒ H.S. JONES, A Greek- English Lexicon (91949)

LSJ, Rev. Suppl. Greek-English Lexicon. A Revised Supplement (ed. by P.G.W. GLARE and A.A. THOMPSON), 1996

MALAY, Manisa Museum H. MALAY, Greek and Latin Inscriptions in the Manisa Museum (ETAM 19), 1994

MALAY, Researches H. MALAY, Researches in Lydia, Mysia and Aiolis (ETAM 23), 1999

MAMA Monumenta Asiae Minoris Antiqua I-XI

MERKELBACH ‒ STAUBER, “Klaros” R. MERKELBACH ‒ J. STAUBER, “Die Orakel des Apollon von Klaros”, (EA 27, 1996, 1-53)

MERKELBACH ‒ STAUBER, Steinepigramme R. MERKELBACH ‒ J. STAUBER, Steinepigramme aus dem Griechischen Osten 1-5, 1998-2004

Milet VI 3 P. HERRMANN (†) ‒ W. GÜNTHER ‒ N. EHRHARDT, Inschriften von Milet, Teil 3, 2006

OGI W. DITTENBERGER, Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae (2 vols.), 1903-1905

PAZ DE HOZ, Die lydischen Kulte M. PAZ DE HOZ, Die lydischen Kulte im Lichte der griechischen Inschriften (Asia Minor Studien 36), 1999

PETZL, Beichtinschriften G. PETZL, Die Beichtinschriften Westkleinasiens (EA 22), 1994

PETZL, IvSmyrna G. PETZL, Die Inschriften von Smyrna 1 (I.K. 23), 1982; 2, 1 (I.K. 24.1), 1987 and 2, 2 (I.K. 24.2), 1990

PFUHL ‒ MÖBIUS, Ostgr. Grabrel. E. PFUHL ‒ H. MÖBIUS, Die ostgriechischen Grabreliefs I (1977) and II (1979)

Abbreviations, Selected Bibliography 23

PTeb. Tebtunis Papyri

RAMSAY, Cities and Bishoprics W.M. RAMSAY, The Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia I (1895) and II (1897)

RE Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft

REG Revue des études grecques

Rev. Phil. Revue de philologie

RIGSBY, Asylia K.J. RIGSBY, Asylia: Territorial Inviolability in the Hellenistic World, 1997

ROBERT (J. et L.), Amyzon J. et L. ROBERT, Fouilles d’Amyzon en Carie I (1983)

ROBERT (J. et L.), Hellenica VI J. et L. ROBERT, Hellenica VI, 1948

ROBERT (L. et J.), La Carie II L. et J. ROBERT, La Carie II. Histoire et géographie historique, 1954

ROBERT (L.) , Villes2 L. ROBERT, Villes d’Asie Mineure (21962)

ROBERT (L.), Ét. Anat. L. ROBERT, Études anatoliennes. Recherches sur les inscriptions grecques de l’Asie Mineure, 1937

ROBERT (L.), Noms. Ind. L. ROBERT, Noms indigènes dans l’Asie Mineure gréco-romaine, 1963

ROBERT (L.), OMS L. ROBERT, Opera Minora Selecta (I-VII), 1969- 1990

RVV Religionsgeschichtliche Versuche und Vorarbeiten, 1903-

Sardis VII, 1 W.H. BUCKLER ‒ D.M. ROBINSON, Sardis VII: Greek and Latin Inscriptions, Part 1 (1932)

SB Ak. Berlin Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin

SCHULER, Ländliche Siedlungen CHR. SCHULER, Ländliche Siedlungen und Gemeinden im hellenistischen und römischen Kleinasien (1998)

SCHWERTHEIM, IvHadrianoi E. SCHWERTHEIM, Die Inschriften von Hadrianoi und Hadrianeia (I.K. 33), 1987

SEG Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum

SOKOLOWSKI, LSAM F. SOKOLOWSKI, Lois sacrées de l’Asie Mineure, 1955

SOKOLOWSKI, LSS F. SOKOLOWSKI, Lois sacrées des cités grecques. Supplément, 1962


SOKOLOWSKI, LSCG F. SOKOLOWSKI, Lois sacrées des cités grecques, 1969

STAUBER, Adramytteion J. STAUBER, Die Bucht von Adramytteion I (I.K. 50) and II (I.K. 51), 1996

STRUBBE, ARAI EPITUMBIOI J. STRUBBE, ARAI EPITUMBIOI. Imprecations Against Desecrators of the Grave in the Greek Epitaphs of Asia Minor (I.K. 52), 1997

Syll.3 W. DITTENBERGER et alii, Sylloge Inscriptionum

Graecarum (4 vols. 31915-1924)

ŞAHİN (S.), IvNikaia S. ŞAHİN, Katalog der antiken Inschriften des Museums von İznik (Nikaia), I.K. 10, 1 (1981)

ŞAHİN (S.), IvPerge S. ŞAHİN, Die Inschriften von Perge I (I.K. 54), 1999

ŞAHİN (Ç.), IvStratonikeia Ç. ŞAHİN, Die Inschriften von Stratonikeia I (I.K. 21 [1981]) and II, 1 (I.K. 22,1 [1982])

TAM Tituli Asiae Minoris V, 1 (1981); V, 2 (1989); V, 3 (2007)

THREATTE, Grammar Attic Inscr. L. THREATTE, The Grammar of Attic Inscriptions I (1980), II (1996)

WELLES, Royal Correspondence C.B. WELLES, Royal Correspondence in the Hellenistic Period: a Study in Greek Epigraphy, 1934

WILCKEN, UPZ U. WILCKEN (ed.), Urkunden der Ptolemäerzeit 1-2, 1927, 1957

WILHELM, Kl. Schr. A. WILHELM, Kleine Schriften I (1974), IV (2008)

ZGUSTA, KP L. ZGUSTA, Kleinasiatische Personennamen, 1964

ZGUSTA, Ortsnamen L. ZGUSTA, Kleinasiatische Ortsnamen, 1984

ZPE Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik

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