Modul: Strahlung und Fernerkundung / Atmospheric Radiation and Remote Sensing

Qualifikationsziele: Vermittlung der Grundlagen der atmosphärischen Strahlung und Fernerkundung. Nach erfolgreicher Absolvierung des Moduls sollen die Studierenden mit den Strahlungsprozessen in der Atmosphäre vertraut sein und die Fähigkeit besitzen, grundlegende Strahlungsgrößen berechnen zu können. Inhalte: Schwarzkörperstrahlung, Plancksches Strahlungsgesetz, solare und terrestrische Strahlung, Absorption atmosphärischer Gase, Rayleigh- und Mie-Streuung, Strahlungsbilanz des Systems Erde-Atmosphäre, Fernerkundung atmosphärischer Größen (Moleküle, Aerosole, Wolken, Niederschlag).

Lehr- und Lernformen Arbeitsaufwand Formen aktiver Teilnahme

Präsenzstudium (SWS)‏

Selbststudium (Stunden)‏

Vorlesung 2 120 Lösung von Übungsaufgaben; wöchentlich vergebene Aufgabenblätter, die in der Regel als Hausaufgabe innerhalb einer Woche zu lösen sind

Übung 2

Veranstaltungssprache: deutsch /englisch

Arbeitszeitaufwand (h) insgesamt: 210

Dauer des Moduls: 1 Semester

Häufigkeit des Angebots: einmal im Studienjahr

Atmospheric Radiation and Remote Sensing SS 2009

20.04. Introduction 23.04. Exercise 27.04. Fällt aus !!! 30.04. Thermal Emission I 4.05. Sun and climate 7.05. Exercise 11.05. Atmospheric Emission 14.05. Exercise 18.05. Atmospheric Transmission 21.05. - 25.05. Atmospheric Transmission

28.05. Exercise 1.06. -

4.06. Scattering and Absorption by Particles

Atmospheric Radiation and Remote Sensing SS 2009

8.06. Radiative Transfer Equation 11.06 Exercise

15.06. Radiative Transfer with Multiple Scattering 18.06. Exercise 22.06. Reflection and Refraction

25.06. Exercise 29.06. Radiative Properties of Natural Surfaces

2.07. Exercise 6.07. Remote Sensing – meteorology I 9.07. Exercise 13.07. Remote Sensing – meteorology II

16.07. Exercise

Atmospheric Radiation and Remote Sensing SS 2009

Lectures: Monday, 20. April – 13. July 13:15 – 14:45

Exercises: Thursday, 23. April – 16. July 10:30 – 12:00

Home tests: weekly (max. 8)‏

Class exercise: 6. or 9. July (TBD)

Globale Strahlungsbilanz

Radiation Budget

Radiation Budget

•  Atmospheric loss ~ -100 Wm-2

•  Largely balanced by latent heating → precipitation ~ + 90 Wm-2

•  Atmospheric loss is thus a measure of global hydrological cycle

•  Factors that affect atmospheric loss will affect the global hydrological cycle - water vapor & clouds (vertical profiles)‏

Temperature Profiles

Manable und Strickler, 1964

Abb. aus Goody und Young, 1995

Planck-Funktion Sonne und Erde

A Paleoclimatic Perspective

Paleoclimate information supports the interpretation that the warmth of the last half century is unusual in at least the previous 1300 years. The last time the polar regions were significantly warmer than present for an extended period (about 125,000 years ago), reductions

in polar ice volume led to 4 to 6 metres of sea level rise.

IPCC WG1, 2007

CO2, CH4 and N2O Concentrations

- far exceed pre-industrial values - increased markedly since 1750 due to human activities

Relatively little variation before the industrial era

Human and Natural Drivers of Climate Change

IPCC WG1, 2007

The atmospheric concentration of CO2 and CH4 in 2005 exceeds by far the natural range of the last 650,000 years

CO2

CH4

IPCC WG1, 2007

Volcanic aerosols

Eruptions are episodic and aerosol effects transitory (1-2 years) IPCC WG1, 2007

Global-average radiative forcing estimates and ranges

IPCC WG1, 2007

Human and natural drivers of climate change

•  Annual fossil CO2 emissions increased from an average of 6.4 GtC per year in the 1990s, to 7.2 GtC per year in 2000-2005

•  CO2 radiative forcing increased by 20% from 1995 to 2005, the largest in any decade in at least the last 200 years

---------------------------------------------------------------------- •  Changes in solar irradiance since 1750 are estimated to

have caused a radiative forcing of +0.12 [+0.06 to +0.30] Wm-2

IPCC WG1, 2007

Human and Natural Drivers of Climate Change

The understanding of anthropogenic warming and cooling influences on climate has improved since the Third Assessment Report (TAR), leading to very high confidence that the globally averaged net effect of human activities since 1750 has been one of warming, with a radiative forcing of +1.6 [+0.6 to +2.4] W m-2.

IPCC WG1, 2007

- Liou: An introduction to atmospheric radiation

- Goody and Yung: Atmospheric radiation

- Stephens: Introduction to Remote sensing

- Taylor and Stamnes: Radiative Transfer in the atmosphere and oceans

- Petty: A first course in Atmospheric Radiation

- Bohren and Clothiaux: Fundamentals of Atmospheric Radiation

Literature