Networking Fraunhoferfokus

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Fraunhofer FOKUS Competence Center NGNI 1 Marius Corici, Prof. Dr. Thomas Magedanz, Dragos Vingarzan Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS, Germany [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Unleashing the potential of virtualization by the right toolkits and open testbeds Lessons learned from implementing a virtualized 3GPP EPC toolkit

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Networking Fraunhoferfokus

Transcript of Networking Fraunhoferfokus

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    Marius Corici, Prof. Dr. Thomas Magedanz, Dragos Vingarzan Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS, Germany [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

    Unleashing the potential of virtualization by the right toolkits and open testbeds Lessons learned from implementing a virtualized

    3GPP EPC toolkit

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    Agenda

    n Understand the transition towards virtual core networks n Background

    3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture Network Functions Virtualization

    n What does Mobile Core Network virtualization really mean n Core network as a software n Mobile Core Network beyond EPC n Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC Testbed Realization n Summary and Conclusions

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    The control of Telcos is getting smaller IMS/EPC as last resort??

    Classic Telco Voice Evolution

    Over the Top Multimedia Services Evolution

    IP

    CS

    NGN

    All IP

    SDP

    EPC IMS

    n All IP Networks will pave the road for Over the Top (OTT) Application n Evolved telecom platforms will provide revenue potentials via Service

    Gateways (open APIs), VoIP (IMS) and Smart Bit pipe approaches (EPC)

    VoIP

    IN

    NGN

    IM Communities

    Future Internet

    I. of Services I. of Things Net. of the

    Future

    2010 ??? 2006

    Over the Top Apps Clouds

    RCS VoLTE

    MTC

    Service Gateway (Open APIs)

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    Agenda

    n Understand the transition towards virtual core networks n Background

    3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture Network Functions Virtualization

    n What does Mobile Core Network virtualization really mean Core network as a software

    n Mobile Core Network beyond EPC n Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC Testbed Realization n Summary and Conclusions

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    Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

    n EPC is part of the 3GPP Evolved Packet System (EPS) n The EPC is a multi-access core network based on the Internet Protocol (IP) one

    common packet core network for both trusted networks including

    n 3GPP Access (LTE-E-UTRAN, UMTS-UTRAN, GPRS-GERAN) n Non 3GPP Access (WIMAX, CDMA2000/HRPD)

    and untrusted networks including n Non-3GPP Access (WLAN)

    n EPC provides connection to IP service domains IMS Internet (or others, e.g. P2P etc.)

    n Important EPC functions include: NAS and security (AAA) mobility and connectivity management policy QoS control and charging (PCC)

    IMS

    Evolved Packet Core

    Internet

    3GPP Access

    e.g. LTE

    Non 3GPP Access

    trusted trusted / untrusted

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    3GPP EPC Architecture

    3GPP Accesses

    Trusted Non-3GPP

    Untrusted Non-3GPP

    S-GW

    PDN GW ANGw

    ePDG

    MME PCRF

    n Gateways Access Network Specific and Centralized Data forwarding Unified policy based Enforcement Transparent Mobility

    n Control Entities Subscription based: Mobility Management in 3GPP

    accesses Policy and Charging decisions

    n Based on the App. requirements Access Network Discovery and

    Selection n Subscription Entities

    Home Subscriber Server Imported from IMS

    AAA server for communication with non-3GPP Accesses

    ANDSF

    AAA Server

    HSS AF

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    3GPP EPC Protocols

    3GPP Accesses

    Trusted Non-3GPP

    Untrusted Non-3GPP

    S-GW

    PDN GW ANGw

    ePDG

    MME PCRF

    n Mobility and forwarding protocols GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) Proxy Mobile IP (PMIP) Mobile IP (MIP)

    n Control protocols Diameter for the communication

    with: n Subscription Repositories n Applications n Enforcement Points

    n Communication with Mobile Devices

    OMA Device Management (DM)

    ANDSF

    AAA Server

    HSS AF

    Diameter OMA DM over HTTP/other GTP/PMIP IP

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    3GPP EPC Functional Features

    3GPP Accesses

    Trusted Non-3GPP

    Untrusted Non-3GPP

    S-GW

    PDN GW ANGw

    ePDG

    MME PCRF

    n Network Access Control Functions Authentication and Authorization IP reachability context Indirection tunnel establishment Default bearer is initialized

    n Resource Management Functions Application and UE triggered

    resource reservations Policy based decisions Enforcement of QoS rules on the

    data path n Mobility Management Functions

    Intra-3GPP MME controlled n Soft handovers

    With non-3GPP ANDSF assisted n Only hard handovers (except

    CDMA 2000)

    ANDSF

    AAA Server

    HSS AF

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    Clouds (SaaS)

    EPC Capabilities = Ubiquitous IP Connectivity to the Cloud

    n The EPC allows multiple access networks to be connected in a controlled way (secure, QoS, seamless) to either the operator IP cloud (e.g. IMS or any intranet) the internet or others

    n Note that the EPC provides controlled IP connectivity, in regard to User authentication and authorization Quality of Service and related Charging Mobility Management

    E-UTRAN

    User Equipment may be connected to

    several IP service domains in parallel

    EPC

    UTRAN

    WiMAX

    WLAN

    EPC = IP Connectivity

    IMS

    Internet

    Packet GW

    Packet GW

    SIP

    HTTP / ???

    EPC = IP Connectivity

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    Network Functions Virtualization vs. current network architectures

    n Definition: Network Functions Virtualization aims to transform the way that network operators

    architect networks by evolving standard IT virtualization technology to consolidate many network equipment types onto industry standard high volume servers, switches and storage, which could be located in Data Centres, Network Nodes and in the end user premises, as illustrated in Figure 1.

    It involves the implementation of network functions in software that can run on a range of industry standard server hardware, and that can be moved to, or instantiated in, various locations in the network as required, without the need for installation of new equipment.

    n Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) presumes that network functions are: Software implementations (software programs) of the current network components

    n Software technologies brought the success of Internet by separating hardware life-cycle from application life-cycle - i.e. all IP services use this paradigm

    Running on top of standard server hardware architectures n No dedicated hardware gives a high liberty on program placement, merging, etc.

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    Agenda

    n Understand the transition towards virtual core networks n Background

    3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture Network Functions Virtualization

    n What does Mobile Core Network virtualization really mean Core network as a software

    n Mobile Core Network beyond EPC n Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC Testbed Realization n Summary and Conclusions

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    What is Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)

    n Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is a novel paradigm that presumes that the network functions: Are implemented only as

    software (programs) Can run on top of common

    servers

    n NFV implies that network functions: Can be moved as required Do not require special

    equipment

    BRAS

    FirewallDPI

    CDN

    Tester/QoEmonitor

    WANAccelerationMessageRouter

    Radio NetworkController

    CarrierGrade NAT

    Session BorderController

    Classical Network ApplianceApproach

    Network Virtualization

    PE RouterSGSN/GGSN

    IndependentSoftwareVendors

    Standard High VolumeEthernet Switches

    Standard High Volume Storage

    Standard High Volume x86 Servers

    Orchestrated,automatic &remote install.

    Compe

    titive &

    Inno

    vativ

    eEc

    osystem

    Fragmented non-commodity hardware.Physical install per appliance per site.Hardware development large barrier to entry for new vendors constraining innovation & competition.

    NFV White Paper presented at SDN and OpenFlow World Congress, Darmstadt Oct 22-24, 2012

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    Agenda

    n Understand the transition towards virtual core networks n Background

    3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture Network Functions Virtualization

    n What does Mobile Core Network virtualization really mean Core network as a software

    n Mobile Core Network beyond EPC n Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC Testbed Realization n Summary and Conclusions

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    Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Benefits

    n Reduced equipment costs and reduced power consumption Using the same common server architectures A more granular equipment deployment possible

    n Increased velocity of Time to Market Decoupling hardware and software life-cycles

    n Reduced time for development, testing, and integration Same infrastructure can be cost-efficiently mirrored

    n Encouraging openness Software development only companies can take over Reduced development costs Separating skills of core network development from hardware

    n Simplified network management Reduced number of management systems Failover uniform handling Uniform updates management

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    Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Benefits (cont.) A uniform system is a dynamic and easy customizable system

    n Targeted Services Introduction based on geography and customer sets Easy scaling up/down Easy software provisioning without site visits

    n Optimizing network configuration and/or topology in near real-time based Based on data traffic patterns Protection against failures

    n Supporting multi-tenancy Tailored services through dedicated software can run

    in parallel

    n These benefits have to be carefully considered as they may highly affect the stability overall system

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    Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Challenges

    n Portability and Interoperability Complete decoupling of software from hardware The underlying hardware architecture provided by different vendors has to provide

    the same capabilities n Already obtained through usage of a limited set of operating systems, virtual machines

    systems etc.

    n Performance trade-off Using common hardware will introduce performance penalties The effect of the performance has to be clearly evaluated

    n Network Stability: The trade-off for flexibility Network instability challenges the KPIs

    n Migration and co-existence with legacy Can be achieved through hybrid networks

    including current and NFV components

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    Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Challenges Simplicity n NFV should not complicate the network

    Uniform components n Uniform mechanism for their complete life-cycle n Using the same underlying software platform

    Simplified management and orchestration n May not be possible: each software provider may tend to have its own management

    system n An opportunity is brought by cloud controller technology e.g. OpenStack, OpenNebula

    Automation n May be easily achieved with the software of the same manufacturer n An opportunity is brought by the usage of underlying Virtual Machines and Hypervisors

    Integration n Easiness to bring a software component of

    other vendor

    n Simplification can follow a very similar path to software development for PCs.

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    Major Requirements to make NFV a success technology

    n Reduced Round Trip Delay Signaling delay should not exceed

    15-20ms for LTE handovers Data forwarding should remain in the

    delay limits of the current QoS classes n Reduced Management Complexity

    Software also needs redundancy, watchdogs, KPI metering etc.

    Dynamic software needs additional start/stop procedures

    n Fitting to the storage and compute capabilities of a server A virtual function can not use more

    resources than a server has n Stability a high number of parallel

    running programs challenges the current core network stability concept

    3GPP Accesses

    Trusted Non-3GPP

    Untrusted Non-3GPP

    S-GW

    PDN GW ANGw

    ePDG

    MME PCRF

    ANDSF

    AAA Server

    HSS AF

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    Common Server Software Program Library

    Network Functions Virtualization = Software-ization

    No Dedicated Hardware: EPC components could be installed on

    any server

    P=PCRF

    Software can run in parallel: EPC components could be deployed on

    the same machine

    P=PCRF P=MME

    Functions can be combined in the same box: one program can execute

    two EPC functions

    P=PCRF+MME

    New functions can integrate as libraries on top of generic worker programs: no synchronization, no share of state

    P PCRF MME

    Legend

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    NFV Cloud Technologies

    n Cloud technologies presume usage of specific data center tools for automated instantiation of virtual machines e.g. OpenStack, OpenNebula, etc.

    n Cloud technologies automation includes: n The dynamic creation of Virtual Machines (empty or based on templates) n Allocating dynamically storage and compute resources to VMs n Allocating virtual networks between Virtual Machines n Contextualization of the Virtual Machines (IP addresses, transfer of other specific information)

    Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is the starting point for applying Cloud technologies in the networking area n Provides a new service for cloud based data centers n Provides the underlying software to be run in the virtual machines n Provides a new set of customers for public and private data centers

    - Mobile Virtual Network providers - Specialized Core Network Providers e.g. eHealth, SmartGrid, Transportation

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    Agenda

    n Understand the transition towards virtual core networks n Background

    3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture Network Functions Virtualization

    n What does Mobile Core Network virtualization really mean Core network as a software

    n Mobile Core Network beyond EPC n Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC Testbed Realization n Summary and Conclusions

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    Software-ization of Mobile Core Network A Roadmap

    1. Installing the current core network components on top of virtual machines Each component becomes a separate VM The VMs are installed in the data center The core network functionality is the same (including internal interfaces) Determine the constraints not all the mobile core network may run in a data

    center

    2. Adapting the core network architecture to efficiently use the software paradigm Use the current software development paradigms Efficient processing considering that software can be:

    n Placed in any network location n Dynamically scaling up/down

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    n Run in the data center software components for : PCRF, HSS, AAA, MME, ANDSF, DPI, OCS, OFCS, .

    Step 1: Virtualize the Control Plane

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    Step2: Split the User Plane and Use SDN switches

    n EPC Control, Mobility and all signaling can be virtualized n But the User Data Plane stays in the infrastructure for maximum performance

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    Agenda

    n Understand the transition towards virtual core networks n Background

    3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture Network Functions Virtualization

    n What does Mobile Core Network virtualization really mean Core network as a software

    n Mobile Core Network beyond EPC n Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC Testbed Realization n Summary and Conclusions

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    Mobile Broadband IP Networks

    Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

    Evolution of Telecommunication Platforms toward Future Internet

    Open APIs OSA/Parlay/JAIN

    Intelligent Network (IN)

    IP Multimedia System (IMS)

    Telecom APIs Parlay X, GSM One,

    OMA NGSI, etc

    Cloud Applications: Smart Cities, eGov, eHealth,

    eTransport, eUtilities

    IN Overlay Architecture

    Circuit Switched Networks

    IT Impact on Telecoms

    PSTN GSM

    IP

    Service Delivery Platform (SOA based)

    IP Networks (NGN)

    DSL UMTS WLAN

    Cable

    Network Abstraction

    Open Service APIs (Enablers)

    LTE WiMAX WLAN

    Future Internet Core Platform

    People & Things

    APIs (Enablers)

    Network Abstraction

    IN Services based on SIBs

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    Related FOKUS OpenXXX Testbed Toolkit Evolution

    Open APIs OSA/Parlay/JAIN

    Intelligent Network (IN)

    IP Multimedia System (IMS)

    Telecom APIs Parlay X, GSM One,

    OMA NGSI, etc

    FI Applications Smart Cities, eGov, eHealth,

    eTransport, eUtilities

    IN Services based on SIBs

    IN Overlay Architecture

    Circuit Switched Networks

    IT Impact on Telecoms

    PSTN GSM

    IP

    Service Delivery Platform (SOA based)

    IP Networks (NGN)

    DSL UMTS WLAN

    Cable

    Network Abstraction

    Open Service APIs (Enablers)

    Mobile Broadband IP Networks

    LTE WiMAX WLAN

    Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

    Future Internet Core Platform

    People & Things

    APIs (Enablers)

    Network Abstraction

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    OpenIMSCore and OpenEPC testbeds around the world

    Americas

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    What is FOKUS OpenEPC Platform?

    n Future massive broadband communications will be realized through multi-access support (LTE, 3G, 2G, WiFi, fixed networks ) and multi-application domains (OTT, IMS, P2P, M2M, Cloud, )

    n Fraunhofer FOKUS is developing the NON-OPEN SOURCE OpenEPC toolkit, enabling to: integrate various network technologies and integrate various application platforms

    into a single local testbed, thus lowering own development costs n This platform can be used to perform R&D in the fields of

    QoS, Charging, Mobility, Security, Management, Monitoring n OpenEPC represents a software implementation of the

    3GPP EPC standard addressing academia and industry R&D: Based on 3GPP standards Configurable to different deployments Customizable to the various testbed requirements Extensible to specific research needs Reliable & highly performant

    n More information: www.OpenEPC.net

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    OpenEPC Rel. 4: Mirroring the Future Operator Core Network

    n OpenEPC includes the almost all functions of 3GPP Evolved Packet Core Rel. 11 n The principles of standard alignment, configurability and extensibility have been respected

    in the overall architecture and in the specific components implemented

    n OpenEPC Rel. 4 enables the establishment of small operator network testbeds including: n Core network mobility support (GTP, PMIP) n Integration with real LTE, 3G, 2G and WiFi n AAA for 3GPP and non-3GPP accesses n Policy and Charging Control n Access network selection n Common mobile equipment support PLEASE NOTE: OpenEPC does not claim 100%

    standard compliance, but allows for early prototyping

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    Evaluation Packet Tracking FlowMon Load Monitoring Tool

    OpenEPC includes all the main required functions and more

    OpenEPC Core Network Mobility Support 3GPP LTE, 3G, 2G support non-3GPP accesses support Client Mobility Management Policy and Charging Control Accounting and Billing Subscriber Identity Mgmt AAA Distribution Features

    LTE, 3G, 2G connectivity Minimal CS support non-3GPP connectivity

    Access Networks Mobile Device Zero-packet loss handover Android and Linux OS devices SIM cards and single auth

    Transport Networks Data packets forwarding QoS enforcement Data Flow accounting

    Management System Remote Procedure Calls Dynamic Ctrl. Plane Parameters Subscriber management (IMSI)

    Provisioning System Subscription provisioning Automatic component config Automatic deployment tools

    API for Applications QoS and Events Access Network Selection Correlated Charging

    QoS and Events Access Network Selection Correlated Charging

    API for Applications Demo. Enablers Open IMS Core Adaptable video streaming app HTTP Interceptor

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    Extensive OpenEPC Laboratory Test-bed

    n OpenEPC can be deployed on multiple machines realizing a comprehensive small mobile operator

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    Personal OpenEPC Test-bed

    n OpenEPC can be completely virtualized in a single box External connections are used for connecting base stations, to the

    Internet or own components Some components can be disabled, if not required

    n Excellent for development Each developer can have his/her own EPC test-bed instance

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    Single-box OpenEPC Connectivity Solution

    n OpenEPC can be minimized and run as separate functions in a single box Addressing micro-deployments which require complete or partial functionality

    n Optimizing data paths and control while maintaining standard alignment Can be integrated with radio-access and offering IP connectivity

    n For reduced areas - e.g. femto/nano-cell, hotspots, home n With one or multiple radio (or fixed technologies) in an enterprise wireless environment

    Especially useful in Professional Mobile Radio application

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    Core Network Support for 3GPP Accesses

    n OpenEPC supports the communication through standard 3GPP Radio Network Equipment: LTE interfaces towards third party eNodeBs HSPA/UMTS interfaces towards third party NodeB/RNC EDGE/GPRS interfaces towards third party BTS/BSC

    n OpenEPC enables the establishment of cost-efficient testbeds by integrating with: Commercial available RAN components Common smartphones and laptops IP based service platforms and applications

    n As backup solution, OpenEPC includes its own

    emulation of the 3GPP accesses Only core network functionality Using public spectrum (WiFi) Enables testbed replication without RAN equipment

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    OpenEPC Scales for different deployments

    n OpenEPC components can be deployed in almost any configuration possible Large testbeds each component on a separate machine Smaller testbeds components are grouped in same servers Single box testbed components are virtualized on the same machine Minimized testbed the OpenEPC components run as parallel programs on the

    same box

    Large Testbed Single Box Testbed Minimized Connectivity

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    OpenEPC is highly modular and easy to extend

    Retrieving the current status

    Remote Procedure Calls

    Development of a new interface using a protocol

    Replacing Interfaces with Proprietary Ones

    Creating a new component Modifying an existing one

    Re-creating state

    Using the interfaces in new contexts

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    OpenEPC Releases and Roadmap

    Preview Nov. 2009

    Rel. 1 April 2009

    Rel. 2 Feb 2011

    Rel. 3 Jan 2012

    Rel. 4 Nov 2012

    Rel. 5

    First demo of the OpenEPC at the 5th IMS Workshop

    Core Network Mobility Client Mobility Policy and Charging Control Subscription Management Mobile Device support

    Extended Mobility (GTP, MME etc.) Extended AAA More Access Networks Integration Support for specific applications

    Integration of 3GPP Offline Charging Non-3GPP AAA Extended UE function Dynamic node selection Full NAS, GTP stacks S1AP with APER, X2AP

    LTE RAN integration 2G and 3G RAN integration Android Mobile Devices Support Multiple APN Support Radio conditions based handover Traffic Shaping for QoS

    SDN-EPC Network Functions Virtualization Open LTE emulation

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    OpenEPC Rel. 5&6 Releases and Roadmap n A new set of functions based on our partners demands:

    Evolution and Optimization of EPC towards 5G Core Networks n Taking advantage of SDN and OpenFlow to optimize EPC performance n Introducing SDNs to the mobile operators, as part of standard 3GPP SAE n Take into account LTE-B requirements

    R&D platform for Self Organized Networks experimentation n eNodeB simulation down to MAC/PHY layers n Integrations with OpenCTK as a SON governor n Cost effective solution for trialing and validating SON algorithms and procedures

    Network Function Virtualization n Adapters for OpenStack/OpenNebula, Quantum, Puppet, etc. n Deployment options for cloud-ified infrastructures (e.g. Mobile Cloud Networking)

    Better coverage of 3GPP standards n Horizontal handover support n Overhauled and upgraded Policy and Charging Control with 3GPP Rel.11 in scope n VoLTE/RCS/IMS and support for SRVCC

    n Fraunhofer FOKUS is actively searching for project partners in the areas above

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    Agenda

    n Understand the transition towards virtual core networks n Background

    3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture Network Functions Virtualization

    n What does Mobile Core Network virtualization really mean Core network as a software

    n Mobile Core Network beyond EPC n Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC Testbed Realization n Summary and Conclusions

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    EU Mobile Cloud Networking Project makes use of OpenEPC for EPCaaS Prototyping

    n FP7 Intergated Project started in November 2012 for 36 month targeting for bringing cloud computing features to mobile operator core networks (EPCaaS): Virtualization of components Software defined networks Elasticity Total distribution Infrastructure sharing Redefining roaming

    n OpenEPC is used as the basis platform for mobile core network experimentation

    Mobile Cloud Networking

    For more: http://mobile-cloud-networking.eu

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    Summary and Conclusions

    n Virtualization comes with the promise of cost reduction of both the equipment and of the operations in the core network, through running the core network functions as software on common hardware platforms

    n Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) = (Core) Network Software programs on common hardware platforms Any addition to this definition should be carefully considered

    n In order to be accepted by community NFV has to provide the same functionality as current core network at acceptable delays, with reduced management and scalability issues

    n Software-ization comes with its specific development features currently well understood by web application developers

    n Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC represents the first complete R&D toolkit for evaluation of novel concepts in the area virtualization of carrier grade mobile operator networks Provides a comprehensive set of EPC + other carrier grade operator functionality Running on cost-efficient off-the-shelf hardware Supports deployments customized to the testbed requirements Based on a single highly efficient C based platform

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    4th FOKUS Future Seamless Communica7on Forum (FFF) Berlin, Germany, November 28-29, 2013 n Theme: Smart Communications Platforms for Seamless Smart City

    Applications Fixed and Mobile Next Generation Networks Evolution towards virtualized network control and service platforms and Seamless Cloud-based H2H and M2M Applications

    n FUSECO FORUM is the successor of the famous FOKUS IMS Workshop series (2004-09) FFF 2010 attracted 150 experts from 21 nations FFF 2011 was attended by around 200 experts from 30 nations FFF 2012 was attended again by around 200 experts from 30 nations

    n See www.fuseco-forum.org

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