PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS Methodology book Innovative Math teaching

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PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS Methodology book Innovative Math teaching Magyar-Szlovák Két Tanítási Nyelvű Nemzetiségi Általános Iskola és Kollégium Balassi Bálint utca 4, Sátoraljaújhely, Hungary Hungary GAZKARACABEY ORTAOKULU İ MAH.OKUL SOKAK BURSA Turkey Istituto Comprensivo Parco della Vittoria Via Antonio Mordini, 19 Roma Italia Scoala Gimnaziala Anton Pann Lucian Blaga St, 3 Ramnicu Valcea Romania Základná škola Pavla Križku Kremnica Slovakia 2020

Transcript of PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS Methodology book Innovative Math teaching

Page 1: PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS Methodology book Innovative Math teaching

PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS

Methodology book

Innovative Math teaching

Magyar-Szlovák Két Tanítási Nyelvű Nemzetiségi Általános Iskola és

Kollégium Balassi Bálint utca 4, Sátoraljaújhely, Hungary Hungary

GAZKARACABEY ORTAOKULU İ MAH.OKUL SOKAK BURSA Turkey

Istituto Comprensivo Parco della Vittoria Via Antonio Mordini, 19 Roma Italia

Scoala Gimnaziala Anton Pann Lucian Blaga St, 3 Ramnicu

Valcea Romania

Základná škola Pavla Križku Kremnica Slovakia

2020

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1. Časť Hlavolamy Part 1 Games

Hodiny

Pomocou 2 čiar rozdeľ hodiny na 3 časti tak, aby súčet čísel

v každej časti bol rovnaký.

Clock

Use 2 lines to divide the clock into 3 parts so that the sum of the

numbers in each part is the same.

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Jankov vek

Pýtali sa Janka: „Koľko máš rokov?“

Janko odpovedal: „O štyri roky budem mať dvakrát

toľko rokov, ako som mal pred štyrmi rokmi.“

Koľko rokov má teraz Janko?

John’s age

They asked John, "How old are you?"

Janko answered: "In four years I will be twice as old as I was four

years ago."

How old is Janko now?

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Jednoduché sudoku

Doplň štvorčeky tak, aby v každom riadku, v každom stĺpci

a každom obdĺžniku sa nachádzali čísla 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

Simple sudoku

Fill in the squares so that each line, column and rectangle has

numbers

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

6 4 2

5 1

3 6 4 2

5 4 3 6

6 4

6 2 5

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Logický rad

Do logického radu čísel doplň ďalšie 3 členy:

Logical series of numbers

Add 3 more members to the logical series of numbers:

1, 4, 9, 16, ..., ..., ...

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Magický obdĺžnik

Zaplň tento obdĺžnik číslami 10, 20, 30, 40 tak, aby

v každom vodorovnom aj zvislom rade bol súčet čísel

100. Každé číslo musí byť uvedené 4-krát.

Magic rectangle

Fill this rectangle with numbers 10, 20, 30, 40 so that each horizontal

and vertical row has the sum of 100. Each number must be listed 4

times.

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Magický štvorec

Vpíšte do štvorca čísla 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 tak, aby

súčet v každom riadku, v každom stĺpci aj uhlopriečkach

bol rovnaký.

Magic square

Write numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 in the square so that the sum of

each line, column and diagonal is the same.

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Petrov vek

Pýtali sa Petra, koľko má rokov. Prezradil toto:

„Moja mama má dvakrát toľko rokov ako ja a môj

otec je o 5 rokov starší ako mama. Všetci spolu máme 100 rokov.“

Koľko rokov má Peter?

Peter’s age

They asked Peter how old he was. He said this:

“My mother is twice as old as me and my father is 5 years older than

my mother. We all have 100 years together. ”

How old is Peter?

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Počtové výkony

Napíš do riadku čísla od 1 do 9 tak, ako idú za sebou. Vpíš

medzi čísla znamienka počtových výkonov tak, aby

výsledok bol 100.

Mathemetical operations

Write the numbers from 1 to 9 in the line as they go in order. Write

among

the numbers the signs of mathemetical operation so that the result

is 100.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 = 100

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Poľovníci a psy

V lese boli poľovníci a psy. Psov bolo dvakrát viac ako

poľovníkov a všetci spolu mali 50 nôh. Koľko bolo v lese

poľovníkov a koľko psov?

Hunters and dogs

There were hunters and dogs in the forest. The dogs were two times

more than hunters and they all had 50 legs together. How many

hunters were there in the forest and how many dogs?

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Prasiatka

Na obrázku sú prasiatka v ohrade. Pomocou troch čiar

rozdeľte prasiatka tak, aby každé bolo v samostatnej

ohrade.

Piglets

The picture shows the piglets in the fence. Use three lines to divide

the piglets so that each is in a separate fence.

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Rovnaké súčty

Doplňte voľné políčka na obrázku číslami od 1 do 13

tak, aby súčty v stĺpcoch aj riadku boli rovnaké.

The same sums

Fill in the free fields in the picture with numbers from 1 to 13 so that

the sums in both the columns and the line are the same.

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Tangram

Tangram je čínsky hlavolam – skladačka, ktorá sa skladá

z nasledujúcich siedmich základných častí: štvorec,

rovnobežník, 5 trojuholníkov.

Základné pravidlá:

1. Vždy musíš použiť všetky

dielce tangramu.

2. Žiadne časti sa nesmú

prekrývať.

3. Všetky dielce sa môžu

ľubovoľne otáčať.

Úloha:

Zlož obdĺžnik.

Tangram

Tangram is a Chinese puzzle - the puzzle consisting of the following

seven basic parts:

a square, a parallelogram, 5 triangles.

Basic rules: 1. You must always use all

parts of the tangram.

2. The parts must not overlap.

3. All parts can be rotated.

Task:

Put together a rectangle.

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Trojuholníky

Koľko je v tomto obrazci trojuholníkov?

Triangels

How many triangels are there in this picture?

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Trojuholník

Do krúžkov na obrázku vpíšte čísla od 1 do 9 (každé len

raz) tak, aby súčet na každej strane trojuholníka bol 20.

Triangle

Write numbers from 1 to 9 (each only once) in the circles so that the

sum on each side of the triangle is 20.

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Kosodĺžnik

Do krúžkov na obrázku dopíšte čísla od 1 do 9 tak,

aby súčet na stranách a uhlopriečkach kosodĺžnika sa

rovnal 18.

Rhomboid

Write numbers from 1 to 9 into the circles in the picture so that the

sum on the sides and diagonals of the rhomboid equals 18.

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Päťuholník

Vyplňte krúžky päťuholníka číslami od 1 do 10 tak, aby

súčty na stranách 5-uholníka boli rovnaké.

Pentagon

Fill in the circles of the pentagon with numbers from 1 to 10 so that

the sums on the sides of the pentagon are the same.

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Ancient and Medieval Marketplace

Tools: goods cards, coins, price lists

Procedure: Divide the pupils into two groups. The

first group represents a marketplace in the Ancient

Times, where barter trade takes place. The second

group represents a marketplace in the Middle Ages,

where money trade takes place.

Each pupil plays a craftsman (assigned by the teacher) and makes so

many objects from his / her field ( draws and puts cards with a

picture of the subject in front of him - the template is on the colour

supplement). The number of cards is determined by the teacher.

In addition, each craftsman in the second group has a certain number

of coins in his

money-bag. Pupils make their own coins (the template is on the

colour supplement) in the total value determined by the teacher.

Below are two price lists - one for each group. Be careful to follow

the price list for your group when you trade.

In each group you trade with each other until each of you has at least

one item from each craftsman. In the first group you trade without

money, only by exchange of goods, in the second group pupils have

cards with the pictures of the products and also the coins.

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PRICE LIST

THE ANCIENT TIMES MARKETPLACE

PRICE LIST

THE MIDDLE AGES MARKETPLACE

horseshoe horseshoe 2 coins

pocket of peas

1 horseshoe pocket of peas

2 coins

loaf of bread

2 pockets of peas loaf of bread

4 coins

mug 1 loaf of bread mug 4 coins

rake 1 mug rake 4 coins

hen 1 rake hen 4 coins

fur 1 horseshoe + 1 mug

fur 6 coins

helmet 1 fur helmet 6 coins

pocket of salt

2 loaves of bread pocket of salt

8 coins

sheep 2 mugs sheep 8 coins

sword 2 rakes sword 8 coins

shirt 2 hens shirt 8 coins

cow 1 sheep + 1 horseshoe

cow 10 coins

crossbow 1 fur + 1 hen crossbow 10 coins

book 1 helmet + 1 mug book 10 coins

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Division of labour

Instructions of games

Aids: sufficient number of copies of a newspaper`s

article, sufficient number of a white paper- A4 size,

glues, rulers, scissors, colour pencils.

Pupils will play in a classroom that they are working at a graphic

studio and making business cards. They will make business cards of

their favourite music band, which they chose by themselves. From

the copy of any text ( newspaper`s article, fragment of the book) -

which the teacher prepares-they will cut out individual letters to

create the name of the music band, and will stick on the long part cut

out from A4 size of a white paper.

Approach: pupils divide into two groups:

Studio A- will use the division of labour and have 10 employees ( each

employee of the studio will be responsible for one activity, step

production)

Studio B- won`t use the division of labour, every employee will do all

steps production, pupils will make all business card. There are

employed the rest of pupils in the class.

Steps of producing the business cards:

1. Take one piece of A4 paper from the desk of the teacher ( the

company car can`t take more than one piece of paper ,

subsequently can go for the next one), the piece of paper leave

on the desk in your own studio,

2. Measure and draw on the piece of paper rectangles 7cm x 4cm ,

3. Cut them out,

4. Get a copy of the text from the desk of the teacher ( the

company car can`t take more than one piece of paper ,

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subsequently can go for the next one), leave the text on the

desk in your studio,

5. Find in a brought text letters which will be needed to create the

name of the music band and circle them,

6. Cut out the circled words,

7. The rest of the text which won`t be needed to replace into the

recycled bin ( it is about material that won`t be use anymore to

the production of business cards, because studio doesn’t have

space to keep the waste , moreover the company car couldn`t

carry more than one waste from each piece),

8. Stick the letters in every business card to create all name of the

music band,

9. Use colour pencils and draw a frame in a rectangle shape ( any

of the letters can`t be out of the frame)

10. Each business card leave on the desk of the teacher, who

will carefully separate business cards from studio A to studio B

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2.časť Matematika v záhrade Mgr. Jana Beňová

Cieľom matematiky na 2. stupni ZŠ je naučiť žiakov používať matematiku

v každodenných situáciách a uplatňovať základné matematické princípy

a postupy v bežnom živote.

Matematika má viesť žiakov k získavaniu a rozvíjaniu zručností o počtoch,

mierkach a základných počtových operáciách, k správnemu používaniu

matematickej symboliky, k schopnosti čítať s porozumením texty obsahujúce

čísla, závislosti a vzťahy, tabuľky, grafy a diagramy. Matematika má rozvíjať

u žiakov logické, kritické a priestorové myslenie, schopnosť argumentovať

a spolupracovať v skupine pri riešení problému.

Projekt Matematika v záhrade vychádza z matematického vzdelania žiakov, využíva skúsenosti žiakov aplikovať osvojené poznatky na praktických úlohách. V projekte sa uplatňujú matematické kompetencie z tematických celkov: Geometria a meranie, Riešenie aplikačných úloh, Počtové výkony s desatinnými číslami, Premena jednotiek, Obsah štvorca a obdĺžnika, Zlomky, Počtové výkony s racionálnymi číslami, Percentá, Objem a povrch kocky a kvádra, Pomer, Priama úmernosť, Nepriama úmernosť, Podobnosť geometrických útvarov. Projekt Matematika v záhrade má 2 časti:

- praktickú, v ktorej žiaci získavajú údaje meraním,

vážením, zisťovaním počtu jednotlivých druhov rastlín, ...

- výpočtovú, v ktorej žiaci uplatňujú svoje vedomosti a počtárske zručnosti.

V projekte žiaci používajú základy prírodovednej gramotnosti a matematické

myslenie na riešenie praktických problémov. 10 úloh projektu Matematika

v záhrade je dôkazom toho, že matematika nás

sprevádza na každom kroku, dokonca aj v záhrade.

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Part 2 Playful Mathematics in the Garden By Mgr. Jana Beňová

The aim of mathematics at the 2nd grade of primary school is to teach students to use

mathematics in everyday situations and to apply basic mathematical principles and

procedures in everyday life.

Mathematics is intended to lead students to acquire and develop skills in numbers, scales and

basic arithmetic operations, to the correct use of mathematical symbolism, to the ability to

read comprehension texts containing numbers, dependencies and relations, tables, graphs

and diagrams. Mathematics should develop students' logical, critical and spatial thinking, the

ability to argue and work together in a group to solve a problem.

The project Playful Mathematics in the Garden is based on the mathematical education of

students, uses the experience of students to apply the acquired knowledge to practical tasks.

Mathematical competencies from the thematic units are applied in the project:

- Geometry and measurement,

- Solution of application problems,

- Initial performances with decimal numbers,

- Conversion of units,

- Content of square and rectangle,

- Fractions, numerical powers with rational numbers,

- Percentages,

- Volume and surface of cubes and blocks,

- Ratio, direct proportionality, indirect proportionality,

- Similarity of geometric shapes.

The Mathematics in the Garden project has 2 parts:

- practical, in which students obtain data by measuring, weighing, determining the number of

individual plant species, ...

- computational, in which students apply their knowledge

and numeracy skills.

In the project, students use the basics of science literacy

and mathematical thinking to solve practical problems.

The 10 tasks of the Playful Mathematics in the Garden

project are proof that mathematics accompanies us at

every step, even in the garden.

Page 24: PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS Methodology book Innovative Math teaching

Výška a vek stromu

Úloha: Vypočítajte výšku vybraného stromu.

Postup: Jeden žiak sa postaví vedľa stromu. Druhý žiak

pomocou ceruzky zistí, koľkokrát sa úsek na ceruzke

(výška žiaka) zmestí do výšky stromu. Zistený údaj

vynásobte výškou žiaka.

Zistené údaje:

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

Úloha: Vypočítajte vek vybraného stromu.

Postup: Vo výške 130 cm odmerajte pomocou povrazu a metra obvod

kmeňa stromu. Zistený údaj vydeľte číslom 2,5 (2,5 cm obvodu

kmeňa je 1 rok). Vypočítaný podiel predstavuje približný vek stromu.

Zistené údaje:

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

Page 25: PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS Methodology book Innovative Math teaching

Height and age of the tree Task: Calculate the height of the chosen tree. Procedure: One student stands next to a tree. The second pupil uses a pencil to find out how many times the section on the pencil (pupil's height) fits into the height of a tree. Multiply the value by the student's height. Data found: Calculation: The answer: Task: Calculate the age of the chosen tree. Procedure: At a height of 130 cm, measure the circumference of the tree trunk with a rope and a meter. Divide the data by 2.5 (2.5 cm of trunk circumference is 1 year). The calculated proportion represents the approximate age of the tree. Data found: Calculation: The answer:

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Sušenie šípok (Sušenie byliniek)

Úloha: Vypočítajte koľko vody sa nachádza

v šípkach. Obsah vody v šípkach vyjadrite

v gramoch, v percentách a zlomkom v základnom

tvare. Zapíšte pomer sušených a čerstvých šípok.

Postup: Zistite vážením hmotnosť čerstvo nazbieraných a vysušených

šípok. Rozdielom vypočítajte obsah vody.

Zistené údaje: Hmotnosť čerstvých šípok – ..............g,

hmotnosť sušených šípok – ...............g

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

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Drying of brambling roses (Drying of herbs) Task: Calculate how much water is in the brambling roses. How much water is contented in the brambling roses in grams, percentages and fractions in the basic form. Write down the ratio of dried and fresh brambling roses. Procedure: Determine by weight the weight of freshly gathered and dried brambling roses. Calculate the water content by difference. Data found: Weight of fresh arrows - ............... g, weight of dried arrows - ............ g Calculation: The answer:

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Siatie trávy

Úloha: Vypočítajte koľko € potrebujeme na sejbu

trávnika na štvorcovú a obdĺžnikovú plochu. 1 kg

trávového semena stojí 6€ a vystačí na 40 m2

trávnika.

Postup: Vypočítajte zo zistených údajov obsah štvorca a obdĺžnika.

Zistené údaje: Rozmery obdĺžnika: .........m a ..........m,

strana štvorca: ...........m

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

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Sowing grass Task: Calculate how much we need to sow a lawn on a square and rectangular area. 1 kg of grass seed costs € 6 and is enough for 40 m2 of lawn. Procedure: Calculate the contents of a square and a rectangle from the data obtained. Data found: Dimensions of the rectangle: ............ m and ............ m, square side: ................ m Calculation: The answer:

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Kamienková štvorcová plocha

Úloha: Vypočítajte koľko € stojí vybudovanie

štvorcovej makadamovej plochy, na ktorú

potrebujeme obrubníky (1m stojí 1,50€), makadam

(1m3 = 1,6t, 1t stojí 18€) a záhradnú netkanú textíliu

(1 bal 5mx1,5m stojí 3,50€).

Postup: Vypočítajte obvod štvorca – obrubníky a obsah štvorca –

textília, plocha makadamu

Zistené údaje: Štvorcová plocha má stranu dlhú.............. metrov,

makadamová vrstva má hrúbku .............cm

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

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Pebble square area Task: Calculate how much it costs to build a square macadam area, for which we need curbs (1m costs 1.50 €), macadam (1 m3= 1.6t, 1t costs 18 €) and garden non-woven fabric (1 bal 5mx1.5m costs 3, 50 €). Procedure: Calculate the perimeter of the square - curbs and the content of the square - textile, macadam area Data found: The square area has a side long ............... meters, the macadam layer has a thickness of ........... cm Calculation: The answer:

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Natieranie lavičiek a stolov

Úloha: Vypočítajte koľko € stojí farba na náter

stolov a lavičiek v školskej záhrade (1kg farby stojí

7€ a z 1kg natrieme plochu 8m2). Náter má 2 vrstvy.

Zistené údaje: Plocha stolov je ..............m2 a lavičiek ...........m2

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

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Painting benches and tables

Task: Calculate how much the paint costs to paint

tables and benches in the school garden (1 kg of paint

costs € 7 and from 1 kg we paint an area of 8 m2). The

paint has 2 layers.

Data found:

The area of tables is ............. m2 and benches ............ m2

Calculation:

The answer:

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Rýľovanie záhonov

Úloha: Vypočítajte koľko hodín a minút bude

rýľovať 1 osoba kvetinový a zeleninový záhon, ak

1m2 zrýľuje za 10 minút.

Zistené údaje: Dĺžka a šírka zeleninového záhona je ......... m a ........m,

dĺžka a šírka kvetinového záhona je ........m a .....m

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

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Plowing of flower beds

Task: Calculate how many hours and minutes 1

person will plow/shovel a flower and vegetable bed

if 1m2 is finished in 10 minutes.

Data found:

The length and width of the vegetable bed is ........ m and .............

m,

the length and width of the flower bed is ........... m and .......... m

Calculation:

The answer:

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Kosenie trávnika

Úloha: Školskú záhradu pokosí 1 osoba kosačkou za

12 hodín. Vypočítajte koľko hodín by trvalo kosenie

pomocou 2, 3, 4, 5 a 6 kosačiek.

Postup: Zostrojte aj tabuľku a graf úmernosti

Výpočet a grafické znázornenie:

Odpoveď:

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Mowing the lawn Task: The school garden is mown by 1 person with a mower in 12 hours. Calculate how many hours it would take to mow with 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 mowers. Procedure: Draw a chart and a graph of proportionality Calculation and graphical representation:

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Postrek proti škodcom

Úloha: Vypočítajte koncentráciu chemického

roztoku v promile a koncentráciu biologického

roztoku v percentách. Porovnajte cenu 1 litra

chemického a biologického roztoku postreku

proti škodcom. (Z 5ml chemického postreku za

1,80€ sa pripraví 10 litrov roztoku a z 200ml

biologického postreku za 4€ sa pripraví 20 litrov roztoku.)

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

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Pesticide spray Task: Calculate the concentration of the chemical solution in per mille and the concentration of the biological solution in percent. Compare the price of 1 liter of chemical and biological pest control solution. (10 liters of solution are prepared from 5 ml of chemical spray for € 1.80 and 20 liters of solution are prepared from 200 ml of biological spray for € 4.80.) Calculation: The answer:

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Hnojenie záhonov

Úloha: Vypočítajte koľko kg minerálneho hnojiva

treba kúpiť na zvýšenie úrodnosti zeleninového

záhona. (Na 1m2 treba 50g hnojiva.) Zistite

najvýhodnejšiu cenu za 1kg hnojiva balení A,B,C.

(Balenie A - 2,5kg stojí 3,75€, balenie B - 6kg stojí 7,50€, balenie C –

10 kg stojí 12€.)

Zistené údaje: Dĺžka a šírka zeleninového záhona je .......m a .....m

Výpočet:

Odpoveď:

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Fertilization of flower beds Task: Calculate how many kg of mineral fertilizer need to be bought to increase the fertility of the vegetable bed. (50g of fertilizer is needed per 1m2.) Find out the best price for 1kg of fertilizer packages A, B, C. (Package A - 2.5 kg costs € 3.75, package B - 6 kg costs € 7.50, package C - 10 kg costs € 12.) Data found: The length and width of the vegetable bed is ............. m and ............. m Calculation: The answer:

Page 42: PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS Methodology book Innovative Math teaching

Dreviny v školskej záhrade

Úloha: Zistite počet ihličnatých a listnatých stromov

a kríkov v školskej záhrade. Porovnajte počet

ihličnatých a listnatých drevín. Zastúpenie stromov

a kríkov z celkového počtu drevín vyjadrite

v percentách, zlomkami v základnom tvare a znázornite stĺpcovým

a kruhovým diagramom.

Zistené údaje: Ihličnaté stromy – ..........

ihličnaté kríky – ..........

listnaté stromy – .........

listnaté kríky – .........

Výpočet:

Grafické znázornenie:

Page 43: PLAYFUL MATHEMATICS Methodology book Innovative Math teaching

Grounded wood in the school garden Task: Find out the number of coniferous and deciduous trees and shrubs in the school garden. Compare the number of coniferous and deciduous trees. Write the representation of trees and shrubs from the total number of woody plants in percentages, fractions in the basic shape and draw it in a bar graph and a circle diagram. Data found: Coniferous trees coniferous shrubs deciduous trees deciduous shrubs Calculation: