Prävention und Therapie€¦ · Ely EW et al: Delirium as a predictor of mortality in mechanically...

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Prävention und Therapie Dr. Anke Alberty, OÄ Neurologie

Transcript of Prävention und Therapie€¦ · Ely EW et al: Delirium as a predictor of mortality in mechanically...

Page 1: Prävention und Therapie€¦ · Ely EW et al: Delirium as a predictor of mortality in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit. JAMA 2004:291(14):1753-63 Saczynski

Prävention und Therapie

Dr. Anke Alberty, OÄ Neurologie

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Interessenskonflikte:

Vortragshonorare von Orionpharma und Bayer

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Delir - Therapie

Die einzig gute Therapie des Delirs ist die

Prävention des Delirs

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Tötet

Macht dumm

Verlängert die Beatmungsdauer

Verlängert den Krankenhausaufenthalt

Ely EW et al: Delirium as a predictor of mortality in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit.

JAMA 2004:291(14):1753-63

Saczynski et al: Cognitive trajectories after postoperative delirium. NEJM 2012:367(1)

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Massnahmen zur Delirprävention

Ziel – RASS 0 bis -1

Delirscreening

Scoring von Schmerzen und adäquate Therapie

Frühmobilisation

Einhaltung von Tag/Nacht – Rhythmus (Lärm !)

Orientierungshilfen (Brille/Hörgeräte)

Prophylaxebogen

Musiktherapie

Lichtmanagement

Reduktion des Entstehens eines Delirs um 40 %

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Delir - Therapie

Die einzig gute Therapie des Delirs ist die

Prävention des Delirs

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Delirtherapie

Narkotika und Alpha – 2 – Agonisten

Clonidin

Dexmedetomidin

Propofol

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12 Jakob et al., Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam or propofol for sedation during prolonged mechanical ventilation: two randomized

controlled trials. JAMA 2012; 307(11):1151-1160

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13 Jakob et al. Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam or propofol for sedation during prolonged mechanical ventilation: two randomized controlled

trials. JAMA 2012;307:1151–60

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Delirtherapie

Neuroleptika

Haloperidol - hochpotent, CAVE Parkinsonoid

Risperidon - neuer, weniger Interaktionen, weniger sedierend

Quetiapin / Pipamperon – niederpotent, stark sedierend

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Delirtherapie

Benzodiazepine

?

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Benzodiazepine fördern das Delir !!!

Riker RR et al SEDCOM (Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Compared With Midazolam) Study Group FT.

Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam for Sedation of Critically Ill PatientsA Randomized Trial.

JAMA. 2009;301(5):489-499. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.56

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17 Pandariphande P et al Lorazepam is an independent risk factor for Transitioning to Delirium in ICU Patients,

Anaesthesioloy 2006 Jan;104(1):21-6

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Melatonin

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3 Rezeptortypen, MT 1 & 2 relevant für Schlafsteuerung

Abfall in höherem Lebensalter (Swaab et al., 1985)

Delirpatienten hatten signifikant niedrigeres Melatonin im Serum (Miyazaki et al, Yoshitaka et al)

Studienlage zur Delirprophylaxe etwas uneinheitlich (Sultan et al., 2010; Al-Aama et al., 2011; De Jonghe et al., 2014)

Circadin® 2 mg bei Insomnie ab 55. LJ, in USA Ramelteon® 8 – 32 mg (Hatta et al., 2014)

Melatonin

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Dr. Anke A. Alberty

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