Slide 1
Regenerierung schrumpfender Städte – Strategien in Ostdeutschland International Economical Forum „The Golden Ring“Ivanovo, Russia, 7./8. September 2012
Dr. Manfred Kühn
Regeneration of shrinking cities - Strategies in Eastern Germany
Slide 2
Growing and shrinking cities in Europe
Source: Turok; Mykhnenko 2006:11
Slide 3
Growing and shrinking cities in Germany
Source: BBR 2005, period: 1997-2003
Slide 4
Urban Regeneration – obstacles for change
Obstacles in de-industrialised cities and regions:Hemmnisse in deindustrialisierten Städten und Regionen
Low diversification in economy: because of a former mono-structureGeringe Diversifizierung der Wirtschaft
Few small/family firms and independent traders: because of dominance of big companies and dependent workersWenige kleine Familienbetriebe
Low qualification of human labour (education)Geringe Qualifikation der Arbeitskräfte
Old economical/political elites: conserving old structures, hindering innovationsAlte Industrie-Eliten
Negative images: hinder new investors, immigrants and tourists to come from centersNegative Images
Slide 5
Urban Regeneration – „management of change“
Reurbanisation
New inhabiants (housing)
Source: van den Berg et al. 1982
Restructuring
New jobs (working)Revitalization
New land-uses (physical)
Slide 6
Source: Kühn/Liebmann 2012
Shrinkage and Regeneration – different pathways
Slide 7
Bitterfeld: From Chemical Industry to Solar Valley
since 2001: solar industry settles: production of solar cells (Q-cells SE)
in solar industries: 3.000 new jobs (Germans „Solar valley“)
2012: Q-cells insolvent, buyed by a south corean company (Hanwha)
future of jobs is uncertain (globalisation, competition)
Slide 8
Görlitz: culture-led regeneration
European Capital of Culture 2010
2006: application, supported by politicians and citiziens
4/2006: failure of application (winners: Essen, Pécs, Istanbul)
today: discussions about culture-led regeneration;
Future: „Pensionopolis“: housing of senior citiziens
Slide 9
Greifswald: University town
Strategies of urban regeneration since 1995: university and sciences, culture and tourism
Growth of the university: from 3.200 students (1990) to 12.300 students (today)
High qualitity of education and research: knowledge-based economy (e.g. medical technology)
Today: Germanys youngest city
Slide 10
3. Conclusions
1. De-industrialised towns and regions have a lot of obstacles for urban regeneration: low diversification, few small/family firms, low qualification of labour, old economical/political elites, negative images
2. Post-socialist transformation In East German towns: different pathways between on-going shrinkage and successful regeneration
3. Just a few examples of re-industrialised towns in East Germany: vulnerable by globalisation
4. Post-industrial services: culture/tourism/sports is a perspective for historical towns (but better conditions in large cities and metropolises)
5. Qualification and education are key factors for the regeneration of shrinking cities (schools, universities, research and development, technology)
Slide 11
Thank youfor your attention!
Dr. Manfred KühnLeibniz-Institute for Regional development and Structural planningFlakenstr. 28-31D- 15537 ErknerTel: +493362- 793238Fax: +493362- 793111Mail: [email protected]
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