INDIA

INDIA

PAKISTAN

SYRIA

QATAR

EGYPT

BANGLADESH

KAZAKHSTAN

ETHIOPIA

MALI

SOMALIA

SAUDI ARABIA

MOROCCO

FRANCE

PORTUGAL

MALAYSIA

MALAYSIA

UZBEKISTAN

UNITED ARABEMIRATES

MONGOLIA

ITALY

SPAIN AZERBAIJAN

TAJIKISTAN

SRILANKA

AFGHANISTAN

THAILANDYEMEN

LIBYA

LEBANON

SUDAN

BAHRAIN

GREECE

ALGERIA

BULGARIA

IRAQ

PHILIPPINES

TURKMENISTAN

CHINA

JORDAN

TUNISIAISRAEL

PALESTINE

TURKEY

KUWAIT

IRAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

OMAN

RUSSIARUSSIA

KYRGYZSTAN

BRUNEI

IN

DO N E S I A

HUNGARYAUSTRIA

NEPAL

NORWAY

GERMANY

ICELAND

GREENLAND

DENMARK

BELGIUM

UNITEDKINGDOM

IRELANDNETHERLANDS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

BELARUS

SWITZERLAND

SERBIABOSNIA &

HERZ.

POLAND

ROMANIA

SLOVAKIA

SLOVENIA

UKRAINE

CROATIA

MOLDOVA

LITHUANIA

CZECH REP.

FINLAND

SWEDEN

MAURITANIA

KENYA

LIBERIA

DJIBOUTI

GHANA

SENEGAL

NIGER

BURKINA FASOGAMBIA

IVORY COAST

GUINEA BISSAU

ERITREA

GUINEASOMALILAND

CHAD

TOGOSIERRA LEONE

UGANDA

CENTRAL AFRICAN REP. S. SUDAN

BENIN

CAMEROON

NIGERIA

ZAMBIA

GABON

EQ. GUINEA

MALAWI

TANZANIA

BURUNDI

MOZAMBIQUE

RWANDA

REPUBLIC OF THECONGO

ANGOLA

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICOF THE CONGO

S. KOREA

CAMBODIA

N. KOREA

MYANMAR

TAIWAN

BHUTAN

LAOS

VIETNAM

KASHMIR

GOA

GUJARAT

SISTAN

BENGAL

RAJASTHAN SINDH

PUNJAB

C A U C A S U S

MA

GH

RI B

ANDALUSIA

A N A T O L I A

LE

VA

NT

Khartoum

Rome

DamascusBaghdad

Kuala Lumpur

Tbilisi

Baku

Moscow

Athens

Riyadh

Dakar Bangkok

Jakarta

Tehran

Sana’aManila

Ulaanbaatar

Rabat

Delhi

Algiers

Kabul

Colombo

Cairo

Yerevan

BeirutTripoli

ViennaBudapest

Beijing

Muscat

Tashkent

Tunis

Islamabad

Astana

Ashgabat

Dhaka

Dushanbe

Bishkek

Jerusalem

Aleppo

Palermo

Herat

Iznik

Timbuktu

Shanghai

Tangier

Dunhuang

Mumbai(Bombay)

Fatehpur Sikri

Tabriz

Ghazna

Bidar

Qairawan

Kashan

Yazd

Shiraz

Seville

Raqqa

Konya

Samarqand

Golconda

Isfahan

Madinat al-ZahraYarkand

Karachi

Ushak

Sennar

Agra

Takrit

Merv

St. Petersburg

Takht-iSulaiman

Cordoba

Hyderabad

Urumchi

Bursa

Malaga

IstanbulErzurum

Fez

Djenné

Venice

Mecca

Khotan

Basra

Mashhad

Jaipur

Karakorum

QazvinMosul

Samarra

Granada

Edirne

Lucknow

Aden

Medina

Burhanpur

Turfan

Kolkata(Calcutta)

NishapurRayy

ArdabilKashgar

Alexandria Kirman

Marrakesh

Bukhara

Kufa

Genoa

Bijapur

Lahore

Ephesus Maragha

Toledo

Luoyang

Lhasa

Quanzhou

Divrigi

Tus

S A H A R A

T A K L A M A K A N D E S E R T

S UM

AT

RA

J A V A

B O R N E O

Tagus

Ebro

Nile

Tigris

Euphrates

Indus

Ganges

Volga

Danube

Syr Darya (Jaxartes) Amu Darya (Oxus)

Black Sea

AralSea

A t l a n t i c O c e a n

I n d i a n O c e a n

Caspian Sea

Red Sea

Persian Gulf

Arabian Sea

M e d i t e r r a n e a n S e a

Adriatic sea

30°W 0° 30°E 60°E 90°E 120°E 150°E

0°

30°N

60°N

Modern country borders and names

Modern national capitalsDakar

The Islamic World

0 1000 2000 km

0 1000 miRobinson Projection, 55°E