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Echtzeitanwendungen für SharePoint mit SignalR und knockout.jsChristian Heindel, Communardo Software GmbH

SignalR @c_heindel

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Agenda

Realtime applications• Goals, use cases, examples

Push technologies• WebSockets, Comet

SignalR• Connections and hubs• Client libraries, supported

platforms, scalability

MVVM in JavaScript• knockout.js, jQuery, JSON,

oDATA

Events in SharePoint• Overview

Bringing it all together• SharePoint 2010• SharePoint 2013• SharePoint Online

Agenda

Realtime applications• Goals, use cases, examples

Push technologies• WebSockets, Comet

SignalR• Connections and hubs• Client libraries, supported

platforms, scalability

MVVM in JavaScript• knockout.js, jQuery, JSON,

oDATA

Events in SharePoint• Overview

Bringing it all together• SharePoint 2010• SharePoint 2013• SharePoint Online

Goals

Improve user experience

Reduce server load

Use cases

In general

• Adjust prices in real-time, e.g. for flight tickets

• Show new comments as they come in

• Activity streams

In SharePoint

• Show changes to list items

• "Who is online?"• Chat / Shoutbox• Download counter• Task status

dashboard

TFS – Team Room

Quelle: http://tfs.visualstudio.com/en-us/news/2013-jun-3

Shopping cart

Quelle: http://tech.pro/tutorial/1146/building-a-shopping-cart-with-signalr-aspnet-web-api-and-knockoutjs

Stock Ticker

Quelle: SignalR

Download counter

Quelle: http://melcher.it/2012/05/signalr-and-sharepoint-live-download-tracking/

Upload visualizer

Quelle: http://blog-aspc.azurewebsites.net/sharepoint-with-signalr/

Realtime ASP.NET Web API tracing with SignalRVideo:http://www.strathweb.com/2012/11/realtime-asp-net-web-api-tracing-with-signalr/

JabbR

Collaborative chat done right

• Project:http://about.jabbr.net/

• Code:https://github.com/JabbR/JabbR

• Live demo:https://jabbR.net

ShootR

Multiplayer space ship game built on the SignalR framework.

• Code:https://github.com/ntaylormullen/shootr

• Live demo:http://shootr.signalr.net/

Tic-Tac-Toe

• Code:https://github.com/fekberg/Tic-Tac-Toe

• Live demo:http://signalr-tictactoe.azurewebsites.net/

DEMO

http://www.christian-heindel.de/SignalRServer/

Agenda

Realtime applications• Goals, use cases, examples

Push technologies• WebSockets, Comet

SignalR• Connections and hubs• Client libraries, supported

platforms, scalability

MVVM in JavaScript• knockout.js, jQuery, JSON,

oDATA

Events in SharePoint• Overview

Bringing it all together• SharePoint 2010• SharePoint 2013• SharePoint Online

Refresh a page after it has loaded

How you could try it…

• Client pull

– F5, Ctrl+F5, press the “Delete cache” button hard and often, then F5

– Polling: AJAX Request every 60 seconds? Every 5 seconds?

How you should do it…

• Server push

– WebSocket connection

– Comet techniques as fallback

Comet (a.k.a. Ajax Push, Reverse Ajax, HTTP Streaming, HTTP server push)

• No page-by-page request or polling, but a long-held HTTP request

• Biggest problem: HTTP 1.1 (max. 2 simultaneous connections)

• Streaming:– Hidden iFrame– XMLHttpRequest– Ajax with long polling– XMLHttpRequest with long polling– Script tag long polling

WebSockets

• Full-duplex communication channel over a single TCP connection• Persistent connection• Cross origin support built in (CORS)• IETF RFC 6455• Port 80• WebSockets API (W3C Recommendation)• Web browser + web server need to implement it

– IIS 8.0, Apache 2.x, nginx 1.3.13+, lighttpd, node.js, …– Google Chrome 14+, Internet Explorer 10+, Firefox 6+, Safari 6+ and Opera

12.10+

caniuse.com

Agenda

Realtime applications• Goals, use cases, examples

Push technologies• WebSockets, Comet

SignalR• Connections and hubs• Client libraries, supported

platforms, scalability

MVVM in JavaScript• knockout.js, jQuery, JSON,

oDATA

Events in SharePoint• Overview

Bringing it all together• SharePoint 2010• SharePoint 2013• SharePoint Online

ASP.NET SignalR

• SignalR started in July 2011 as a project by– David Fowler (Senior Software Design Engineer, ASP.NET Team) – Damien Edwards (Senior Program Manager, Microsoft)

• Now official part of the ASP.NET Technologies: http://asp.net/signalr

• MSDN documentation (since 03/2013):http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj891071(v=vs.111).aspx

• Source code on GitHub• Available via NuGet Gallery (22.000+ downloads in last 6 weeks)

Introduction to SignalR

Quelle: http://www.asp.net/signalr/overview/getting-started/introduction-to-signalr

SignalR: Features

• Ready to use libraries for server and clients

• Automatic connection management (send to all clients, to specific clients)

• Uses WebSockets when available, fallback otherwise (abstraction layer)

• Scale out to thousands of clients

SignalR: Transports and fallbacks

HTML 5 transports

These transports depend on support for HTML 5. If the client browser does not support the HTML 5 standard, older transports will be used.

• WebSocket• Server Sent Events, also known as EventSource (if the browser supports Server Sent Events, which is basically all browsers

except Internet Explorer.)

Comet transports

The following transports are based on the Comet web application model, in which a browser or other client maintains a long-held HTTP request, which the server can use to push data to the client without the client specifically requesting it.

• Forever Frame– for Internet Explorer only, hidden Iframe, one-way realtime connection from server to client, connection from client to server uses a

separate connection, a new connection is created for each piece of data that needs to be sent• Ajax long polling

– no persistent connection, but instead polling the server with a request that stays open until the server responds, at which point the connection closes, and a new connection is requested immediately, latency while the connection resets

SignalR: Architecture diagram

Quelle: SignalR

SignalR: Connections

- Simple endpoint for sending single-recipient, grouped, or broadcast messages

- Connection API (represented in .NET code by the PersistentConnection class)

- direct access to the low-level communication network that SignalR exposes

- familiar to developers who have used connection-based APIs such as Windows Communication Foundation

SignalR: Hubs

- high-level pipeline built upon the Connection API

- allows client and server to call methods on each other directly

- SignalR handles dispatching across machine boundaries as if by magic

- For different types of messages, it is recommended that you use the Hub class, so that you won't have to create your own dispatching

- using the Hub, you can call methods on the clients, rather than sending an explicit message that needs to be received, interpreted, and acted upon

- familiar to developers who have used remote invocation APIs such as .NET Remoting

SignalR: Supported platforms (server side)

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/timlee/archive/2013/02/27/deploy-the-signalr-getting-started-sample-as-a-windows-azure-web-site.aspx

SignalR: Supported platforms (client side)

• Browsers (JavaScript)• Windows Desktop

(Forms)• Silverlight• Windows Store (.NET)• Windows Store

(JavaScript)

• Windows Phone (IE)• Windows Phone (.NET)• Console• Web Services • iOS (Objective-C)• …

SignalR: System requirements (Windows)

• On Facebook you’d say: “It’s complicated.”

• Excerpt from the documentation:

• Server: 2012*, 2008 r2, Azure Website, Windows 8*, Windows 7• .NET Framework: 4.0 / 4.5*• IIS: 7,7.5,8*, 8 Express*• Browser: IE10*• Silverlight: N/A (restr. 5+)• WP8: IE* (restr. WP8 App)

• Only * supports WebSockets…

SignalR: Performance and scalability (I)

• Standard limit in IIS: 5.000 connections per CPU

• You can override this limit!

• For SignalR about 20.000 connections per CPU usually also work, depends on your appliaction…

• Special load test tool available:https://github.com/SignalR/SignalR/tree/dev/src/Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Crank

SignalR: Performance and scalability (II)

• ScaleOut providers available since SignalR 1.1– Azure Service Bus– SQL Server– Redis

SignalR: Performance and scalability (III)

• Helpful documentation on MSDN library• How to notify the user about disconnections

• How to continuously reconnect

$.connection.hub.connectionSlow(function() {notifyUserOfConnectionProblem();// Your function to notify user.

});

$.connection.hub.disconnected(function() {setTimeout(function() {

$.connection.hub.start(); }, 5000);// Restart connection after 5 seconds.

});

Agenda

Realtime applications• Goals, use cases, examples

Push technologies• WebSockets, Comet

SignalR• Connections and hubs• Client libraries, supported

platforms, scalability

MVVM in JavaScript• knockout.js, jQuery, JSON,

oDATA

Events in SharePoint• Overview

Bringing it all together• SharePoint 2010• SharePoint 2013• SharePoint Online

Why MVVM in JavaScript?

• Separate design from code

• Two-way DataBinding for properties

• Command binding

• Templates

Which framework to choose?

knockout.js(Microsoft)

spine.js SproutCore JavascriptMVC ember.js Angular.js(Google) …

knockout.js

• Simplify dynamic JavaScript UIs by applying the Model-View-View Model (MVVM) pattern

• By Steve Sanderson (Microsoft employee), inspired by XAML, supports legacy browsers…

Declarative Bindings

Easily associate DOM elements with model data

using a concise, syntaxreadable

Automatic UI Refresh

When your data model's state changes, your UI updates

automatically

Dependency Tracking

Implicitly set up chains of relationships between model

data, to transform and combine it

Templating

Quickly generate sophisticated, nested UIs as a function of your model data

knockout.js

Load JavaScript:

DataBinding in HTML:

Define ViewModel:

Start listening:

Refresh values:

knockout.js

Load JavaScript:

DataBinding in HTML:

Define ViewModel:

Start listening:

Refresh values:

JSON?

JSON – JavaScript Object Notation

• Derived from JavaScript• Language independant• Human readable• Specified by Douglas Crockford

in RFC 4627• json.org launched in 2002

{ "id": 1, "name": "Foo", "price": 123, "tags": [ "Bar", "Eek" ], "stock": { "warehouse": 300, "retail": 20 }}

oDATA – Open Data Protocol

• standardized protocol for creating and consuming data APIs• builds on REST web services• uniform way to expose full-featured data APIs• from Microsoft, submitted as OASIS standard• AtomPub protocol as

envelope for JSON• REST methods available

on sources• http://www.odata.org/

oDATA – Open Data Protocol

• standardized protocol for creating and consuming data APIs• builds on REST web services• uniform way to expose full-featured data APIs• from Microsoft, submitted as OASIS standard• AtomPub protocol as

envelope for JSON• REST methods available

on sources• http://www.odata.org/

For example via /_vti_bin/ListData.svc in SharePoint

Agenda

Realtime applications• Goals, use cases, examples

Push technologies• WebSockets, Comet

SignalR• Connections and hubs• Client libraries, supported

platforms, scalability

MVVM in JavaScript• knockout.js, jQuery, oDATA,

JSON)

Events in SharePoint• Overview

Bringing it all together• SharePoint 2010• SharePoint 2013• SharePoint Online

Events in SharePoint

Synchronous or asynchronous

(before or after)

Local, app or remote (new in SP2013)

Events in SharePoint

• Item eventsadding, added, deleting, deleted, updating, updated, fileconverted, filemoving, filemoved, checkingin, checkedin, checkingout, checked out, attachmentadding, attachmentadded, attachmentdeleting, attachmentdeleted

• List field events

adding, added, deleting, deleted, updating, updated

• List eventsadding, added, deleting, deleted

• Web eventsadding, provisioned, deleting, deleted, moving, moved

• Site eventsdeleting, deleted

• App eventsinstalled, uninstalling, upgraded

• And more… EmailReceived, WorkflowCompleted, WorkflowPostponed, WorkflowStarted, WorkflowStarting, FeatureEventReceiver installation, activation, deactivation, and removal

Agenda

Realtime applications• Goals, use cases, examples

Push technologies• WebSockets, Comet

SignalR• Connections and hubs• Client libraries, supported

platforms, scalability

MVVM in JavaScript• knockout.js, jQuery, JSON,

oDATA

Events in SharePoint• Overview

Bringing it all together• SharePoint 2010• SharePoint 2013• SharePoint Online

Integration in SharePoint (on-premises)

SharePoint 2010• uses .NET Framework 3.5• SignalR requires .NET Framework 4.0 / 4.5• Coding of a proxy necessary (WCF, HttpHandler or similar)

SharePoint 2013• uses .NET Framework 4.0

But: – SignalR attaches itself to the „App_Start“ event and registers a route „~/signalr/hubs“

(so that clients always find the hub)– In SharePoint, there is no „App_Start“! ¯\_(ツ )_/¯

Global.asax cannot be modified in a way that deployablesolution: write a HttpModule

Integration in SharePoint (on-premises)

So in order to get it working you have to write:• HttpModule• SPWebConfigModificationHandler• VirtualPathProvider

Thanks to Max Melcher, you don‘t have to: Go to CodeplexSPSignalR - real-time applications with SharePoint 2013• enables you to host SignalR in a SharePoint WebApplication• web application feature, AppPool recycle, yoursharepoint.com/signalr/hubs

Weak points

• CORS (cross site scripting)– Different browsers handle this with different

success… ;-)• Proxying required

Integration in SharePoint Online (I)

• Remote Event Receiver - Declaration

Integration in SharePoint Online (II)

• Remote Event Receiver - Implementation

Integration in SharePoint Online (III)

• SignalRHub in same project as RemoteEventReceiver

DEMO56

Agenda

Realtime applications• Goals, use cases, examples

Push technologies• WebSockets, Comet

SignalR• Connections and hubs• Client libraries, supported

platforms, scalability

MVVM in JavaScript• knockout.js, jQuery, JSON,

oDATA

Events in SharePoint• Overview

Bringing it all together• SharePoint 2010• SharePoint 2013• SharePoint Online

Resources

• Active community– Forums: http://forums.asp.net/1254.aspx– Github: We've found 493 repository results

• Official website: http://asp.net/SignalR• Videos: http://channel9.msdn.com/search?term=signalr• Trainings: http

://www.pluralsight.com/training/Courses/TableOfContents/signalr-introduction

• JavaScript libraries: Angular, http://smoothiecharts.org/• Books: Pushing Data: Integrating with ASP.NET SignalR Hubs

http://henriquat.re/server-integration/signalr/integrateWithSignalRHubs.html

• More links: https://delicious.com/c.heindel/signalr

Open Source projects using SignalR

JabbR• JabbR is an open source, real-time web chat system built using ASP.NET and SignalR. Source

code is at https://github.com/davidfowl/jabbr.

ShootR• ShootR is an open source, real-time, multi-player HTML5 space shooter game, using SignalR

for real-time server-client communications. Source code is at https://github.com/NTaylorMullen/ShootR.

ElmahR = ELMAH & SignalR• A real-time monitoring solution for ASP.NET applications built with ELMAH and SignalR.

SignalR-ObjC• A community maintained Objective-C client for SignalR, for use with iOS and Mac.

FRAGEN ?

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Communardo Software GmbHKleiststraße 10 a01129 Dresdenhttp://www.communardo.deinfo@communardo.de

Phone: +49 (351) 833 820

Standort StuttgartLeinfelder Straße 6470771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen

Phone: +49 (711) 220469-61

Thank you for listening!

Christian Heindel

info@christian-heindel.dewww.communardo.deMobile: +49 (0) 171 - 3123924

Twitter: @c_heindelBlog: http://blog.christian-heindel.deBlog: http://www.communardo.de/techblog/