Buddha Institute of Technology Gida Gorakhpur

Presented by:- Under the guidance of Ashutosh Mishra Mr. Neeraj Chaubey Mantoo Nishad (Deptt. Of Civil Engg ) Durgesh SinghPawan Kumar Yadav Nitin Maddhesia

Grey water treatment plant for BIT (hostel)

Project Presentation 2015-16

Now with the growing population it is very necessary to reuse the raw water mostly for Indian country where more

than 70% people depends upon the agriculture where there is not a fix time for rain and former is mostly depends Upon tubell, well and canal in that way grey water is also a

medium for irrigation.

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS GREAY WATER

• Greywater is all wastewater that is discharged from a house, excluding blackwater (toilet water). This includes water from showers, bathtubs, sinks, kitchen, dishwashers, laundry tubs, and washing machines It commonly contains soap, shampoo, toothpaste, food scraps, cooking oils, detergents and hair. Greywater makes up the largest proportion of the total wastewater flow from households in terms of volume. Typically, 50-70% of the household wastewater is greywater. If a composting toilet is also used, then 100% of the household wastewater is greywater.

Chart Title

2nd Qtr3rd Qtr

31% Black Water

69% Grey Water

PERCENTAGE OF GREY& BLACK WATER

Toilet31%

Bath/Landry33%

Kitchen33%

TYPE OF GREY WATER

There is mainly two type of greywater Low loaded greywater (raw water coming out from shower,

bathtubs & handbesins.) High loaded greywater (raw water coming out from kitchen,

dishwasher, washing machine.)

Grey water characteristics and composition

Greywater is a reflection of the household activities and its characteristics are strongly dependent on living standards, social and cultural habits, number of household members and the use of household chemicals.

Composition- S Ph K N Ca

Why greywater recycling? The main purpose of greywater recycling is to substitute the precious drinking

water in applications which do not require drinking water quality. Non-potable reuse applications include industrial, irrigation, toilet flushing and laundry washing dependent on the technologies utilised in the treatment process .

it is possible to reduce the amounts of fresh water consumption as well as wastewater production

APPROACHES TO GREYWATER TREATMENT AND REUSE

• (1) Diversions systems: direct greywater from the laundry or bathroom to the garden for immediate use in restricted irrigation, without making changes to its quality. The water is not stored for more than a few hours, if at all.

• (2) Treatment systems: improve the quality of the greywater by filtering, treating and disinfecting it. Treated greywater can be stored for longer periods without the risk of it going septic and causing odour nuisances. Its higher quality and ability to be stored means that it can be used for more purposes, including garden watering and irrigation, toilet flushing and laundry washing.

GREYWATER VS RAIN WATER HARVESTING

• Unlike rainwater harvesting, greywater recycling is not dependent on season or variability of rainfall and as such is a continuous and a reliable water resource. This results in smaller storage facilities than those needed for rainwater harvesting. Greywater has a relatively low nutrient and pathogenic content and therefore, it can be easily treated to a high-quality water using simple technologies such as sand/gravel filters

HOW IS GREYWATER REUSED? Toilet flushing Gardening and Irrigation Washing machines Car washing Fire fighting Industrial uses

BENEFITS OF GREYWATER RECYCLING

• greywater recycling saves water and reduces the amounts of fresh, high-quality drinking water by substituting the water demand not intended for drinking

• on-site greywater treatment reduces the volume of wastewater that must be diverted to more costly sewage and septic treatments

• greywater is rich in phosphorous, potassium, and nitrogen, making it a good nutrient or fertilizer source for irrigation

• localized greywater systems decrease freshwater use for transportation and treatment of wastewater

HOW IT IS SAVE THE WATER POTENTIALITY

• Greywater systems bring significant savings in fresh drinking water in addition to reducing the amounts of generated wastewaters, thus easing the pressure on the environment. In general, low-energy systems should be preferred over high-expenditure systems.

GREY WATER TREATMENT PLANT

• Used for treating the grey water.

IT IS BASICALLY CONSIST OF –

Plumbing System

• Surge tank

• Filter• Basically slow/rapid sand filter is used for the filter of grey water

PumpIrrigation System

HOW IS IT WORK

• It works on the theory of filtration that is- Mechanical straining Sedimentation Biological activity Electrolytic changes

WHAT WE WILL DO NEW THING IN OUR PROJECT

• use of concrete to constructing the filter

• Use of perforated pipe to carrying the filtrate water

• Based on filtration theory

• Emergency storage of raw & filtrate water

GREY WATER TREATMENT PLANT IN INDIA

India is Highly populated country Uneven rainy season Treated water is full of rich nutrients (S,N,Ph,K) It will be save our water bill

To determine the quantity and quality of grey water.

Design the various system components for the

grey water collection and treatment.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE

METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF GREY WATER

1- Direct method Water meter method Bucket method

2- Indirect method

QUANTITY OF GREY WATER DISCHARGE FROM BIT BOYS HOSTEL (FLOOR NO.2)

Based on indirect method the quantity of grey water is about 50-60% of total water consumption .So a correlation is developed between number of student in the hostel and grey water generation based on the data collected.

QUANTITY OF GREY WATER & BLACK WATER

• According to BIS water required /p/l/d=180L

• 65% water is change in to grey water of total consumed water Hence-

Grey water generated from BIT (Hostel)=

180*65/100=117lpcd*50person=5850l/d

• Black water =

180*30/100=54lpcd*50person=2700l/d

WATER DISCHARGE DATAArea/day

Mon.l/d

Tue.l/d

Wed.l/d

Thu.l/d

Fri.l/d

Sat.l/d

Sun.l/d

Average

%age

Bathroom&Handbasin

3500 3500 3500 3500 3500 4000 4000 3600 60%

Cloths washing

1500 1500 1500 1500 2000 2000 2000 1800 30%

Leakage 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1.67%

Other uses 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 8.33%

Total 5800 5800 5800 5800 5800 6600 6600 6000 100%

The quality of grey water shows the different organic and inorganic compounds present in Grey water.

It can be analyse with the help of different tests related to measurement of the quality of Grey water that’s are:-

pH test

Residual chlorine test

Chloride test

Total hardness test

Fluoride test

QUALITY OF GREY WATER

pH TestDIRECTIONS FOR USE

1 . To check pH of water sample ,use pH strips provided(range2.0 to 10.5).2. Cut approximately2-3cm length of pH paper strip and dip in water sample to be tested.3 .Observe for the change in colour of pH strip.4 .Match the colour obtained on the strips with the colour given on front of pH paper strip.5 .Note the corresponding pH strip.6. Consider this as pH value for water tested.

Range:-2.0- 10.50

Result:

Residual chlorine test

Direction for use Fill the aqua check test jar with water sample up to the 10ml

mark. Add 4-5 drops of reagent RCL-A and shake well. Add two drops of reagent RCL-B Mix well. Observe change in colour of solution . solution turns blue: free chloride present No blue colour :chlorine is absent Add drop by drop reagent RCL-C counting the number of drops

while mixing ,until the blue colour disappears.

Calculation

mg/l(ppm)as chlorine=0.1*No of drops of reagent RCL-C

Range = .1 to3.0mg/l as chlorine.

Result

Chloride Test

DIRECTION FOR USE 1.Fill the aqua check test jar with water sample up to the 10ml mark.2.Add one tiny spoonful of reagent CHL-A & 2 drops of reagent CHL-B.3.Mix well.4.Add drop by drop reagent CHL-C counting the number of drops while mixing ,until the colour changes to bluish violet.CALCULATIONMg/l(ppm)CL=10*(no of Drops of CHL-C)

RANGE:- 50-1000mg/l(ppm)

RESULT:-

TOTAL HARDNESS TEST

DIRECTION FOR USE1.Fill the aqua check test jar with water sample up to the 10ml mark.2.Add one spoonful of powder reagent TH-A with the tiny spoon provided.3.Mix well to dissolve the power completely.4.Add 4-5drops of reagent TH-B and mix well.5.Observe change in colour of solution. Solution turns blue: soft. Solution turns red: hard.

Checking level of hardnessAdd drop by drop reagent TH-C. counting the number of drops while mixing ,until the colour changes from red to blue Now apply the formula.

Calculation

mg/l(ppm) as Caco3 =25*(number of drops of TH-C).

Range:-25-600mg/l(ppm).

Result:-

FLUORIDE TEST

Directions for use 1.Fill the aqua check test jar with 10ml sample2.Add 3drops of reagent FL-Am mix the contents well.3.Now add 8 drop of reagent FL-B mix the contents and allow to stand for 2-5 minutes.4.Match the correct colour and read the mg/l(ppm)fluoride from the colour chart.Calculationfluoride=mg/l(ppm)value obtained by standard colour comparison.

Range:- 0.0-2.5mg/l(ppm).

Result:-

DESIGN OF DIFFERENT COMPONENT OF THE GREY WATER TREATMENT PLANT

Design of diversion system 1-Design of Piping-The piping conveying the greywater should be diverted away from the pipe system carrying the black water

2-Design of junction chamber-The standard dimension of the junction chamber is kept at about 0.3 m x 0.3 m x 0.5 m i.e. a capacity of for a hostel having greywater generation of 2000-3000 l/day

DESIGN OF EQUALIZATION OR SETTLING TANK• Equalization or settling tank is required to collect grey water for continuous flow to the filters for

treatment and facilitates in settling of course particles.

• Design Criteria for an Equalization Chamber

PARAMETER RANGE

Detention time (hrs) 1-2

Surface Loading (l/h/m ^ 2) 100-200

Depth of Tank (m) 0.8-1

Length to Width ratio 3:1 to 4:1 Group no- G1

Project name- Greywater treatment plant for BIT (hostel)

Group leader- Ashutosh Mishra

DESIGN OF FILTRATION AND TREATMENT SYSTEM

• Filtration Units - The most suitable filtration unit should consist of coarse sand ,charcoal and fine sand.

• Screen-Screen can be a mesh with less than 10 mm size to remove coarse particle.

PARAMETER FILTER

Number of compartments 3

Media and size (mm)Coarse sandCoarse sandFine sand

Hydraulic loading (m3/m2-hr)

0.1-0.2

Depth of media (m) 0.5

sand. This will

Figure 4: Filtration unit

Group no- G1

Project name- Greywater treatment plant for BIT(hostel)

Group leader- Ashutosh Mishra

DISINFECTION• The best method of disinfecting the water is through chlorination.

Chlorination of the recycled water becomes necessary since it has a number of benefits

• Kills pathogens in the water

• Removes odour of the recycled water

• It vaporizes in the water after disinfection

• Is readily available

• Cheaper compared to other forms of disinfection

DESIGN OF COLLECTION / STORAGE TANK• A collection or storage tank is required to have the appropriate capacity to handle the average daily

generation of treated greywater.

• Material• It durable and lasts longer than other materials

• It is a reliable material

• It has a high compressive strength

• It is cheaper than most materials

• It is isotropic and hence suitable for water retaining structures

• Is non-corrosive with chlorine

• the storage tank dimensions are 3.6 × 1 × 1

SECTION & PLANE OF STORAGE TANK

Group no- G1

Project name- Greywater treatment plant for BIT(hostel)

Group leader- Ashutosh Mishra

DESIGN OF PUMPING AND PIPING SYSTEM

• PUMP• Efficient centrifugal pumps are ideal where water requirements are

substantial and only single-phase power, and sufficient power available.

• Pump characteristics

Property ValuesLift 22 m

Flow rate 5.0 m ^3/h

Voltage 240V ac

FIG. OF MOTOR DESIGN

Group no- G1

Project name- Greywater treatment plant for BIT(hostel)

Group leader- Ashutosh Mishra

OVERALL SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEM

Group no- G1

Project name- Greywater treatment plant for BIT(hostel)

Group leader- Ashutosh Mishra

CONCLUSION

• To fulfil the increasing water demand of people

• Very economical and successful project.

• Continuously provide the water .

• There is no any Extra energy to be needed