1ST MEETING ON PRIORITY SUBSTANCES INVENTORY GUIDANCECopenhagen, 16.09.2010

Frank Marscheider-WeidemannFraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI , Karlsruhe

Substance Flow Analyses

The Fraunhofer Gesellschaft

The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft is the leading organization for applied research in Europe.

80 research institutions, 57 of them institutes at 40 locations throughout Germany

Branches in Europe, USA, Asia and in the Near East

15,000 employees

Budget € 1.4 billion (>2/3 from research contracts).

The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft in Germany

Itzehoe

BerlinGolm

Magdeburg

Hannover

Braunschweig

Bremen

OberhausenDortmund

DuisburgAachenEuskirchen

SchmallenbergSt. Augustin

IlmenauJena

Dresden

Chemnitz

Würzburg

Erlangen

Pfinztal

DarmstadtKaiserslauternSt. Ingbert

SaarbrückenKarlsruhe

Stuttgart

Freiburg

Freising

Rostock

TeltowCottbus

HalleSchkopau

Paderborn

Nürnberg

Efringen-Kirchen

MünchenHolzkirchen

Leipzig

Branches of Institutes, Research Institutions, Working Groups, Branch Labs and Application Centers

Institutes

57 institutesat 40 locations

Facts and Figures of the Fraunhofer ISI

Broadly based know-how

Clients

Budget 2008: approx. € 16 million

280 research and consultancyprojects per year

Number of staff: 170(120 scientists)

21% Social scientists

33% Economists

13% Industrial engineers

15% Engineers

18% Natural/life scientists

2,0% Research promotion

51,2% Public sector national

19,9% European Union

16,4% Industry

10,5% other R&D

Emission inventories for surface waters in Germany

• 1995: First methodological approaches to creating a German inventory, visiting federal states and examining how data are processed in regional databases. The use of electronic systems varies strongly between the single states (UDIS).

• 1995: Point source inventory including major industries and municipal waste water plants, using information from federal states, International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine etc.

Emission inventories for surface waters in Germany

• 2000: Inventory for N/P, heavy metals and AOX, subdivided into branches/sectors and main water bodies using the MONERIS/MORE model for information about diffuse sources. Compiling lists of the 10 major polluters for these substances, some are historical mines (from the Middle ages).

Firmenname Ort Anhang nach § 7a

Flussgebiet Fracht [kg/a] Bemerkung

BASF AG Ludwigshafen 22 Rhein 8.000 IKSR, 1998Bayer AG Leverkusen 22 Rhein 5.610 IKSR, 1998Entwässerung. Altstandort Kupferschieferbergbau

Mansfeld 39 Elbe 3.764 Direkteinleiter Sachsen-Anhalt 1997

Solvay Rheinberg 30 Rhein 1.210 UmwelterklärungWacker –Chemie Burghausen 22 Donau 1.200 Umweltbericht 1997/98Bayer AG Brunsbüttel 22 Elbe 1.110 Direkteinleiter Schleswig-Holstein 1997Norddeutsche Affinerie Hamburg 39 Elbe 523 Direkteinleiter Hamburg;

22 Elbe 506 N.N.Fa. Intraserv GmbH und Co. Höchst KG

Frankfurt 22 Rhein 460 Umweltbericht

Ciba Grenzach 22 Rhein 435 Umweltbericht

Top 10 polluter of copper

2000

gewerblichhäuslich

BurgfeyerStollen

NickelZink

0

10

20

30

Source: Erft Verband

Heavy metals from historical mines: Pollutant sources of the Erft

industraldomestic

t/a

Burgfeyer StollenZinc

Nickel

Results for copper (2000)

Material flow of copper: production, utilization and emissions to water and soil in Germany (2000)

NPEO-production54,500 t

Emulsion polymerization

4,000 t

1,400 t

Leather / Textile Auxiliaries

3,000 t

Construction chemistry2,000 t

Industrial cleaners1,000 t

Lubricating/Drilling Oils 800 t

Agricultural chemistry700 t

Flocculants 200 t

900 t (or 300 t)

2,000 (or 3,000 t

APEO)

1,000 t

Paints/Coatings 200 t

Others 300 t

600 t

300 t

200 t

100 t

300 t

ca. 660 t APEO

ca. 50 t + ?

ca. 1,000 t

?

ca. 270 t

ca. 200 t

? (low)

?

exports:42,500 t

imports:500 t

- 50%

- 70%

- 30%

+/- 0%

- 25%

- 60%

+/- 0%

- 50%

+/- 0%

in Germany processed amount

imports/exports

in Germanyused amount

relevant quantityfor waters

tendency

Sum: 12,200 t 6,800 t

Decline!

significant decline(< 100 t)

significant decline

substituted by 2001!

NP pro-duction36,300 t

Processingdomestic4,400 t

for NPEO-production19,600 t

Phenolic Resins3,700 t

Epoxide resins100 t

Manuf. NPEO-derivates 300t

< 1 t

? (low)Emissions during productionand processing

imports:2,800 t

exports:15,100 t

?

Processing in Germany

12,200 t

Trisnonylphenyl-phosphite 6,600t

Fluxes for the NP / NPEO-use and resulting emissions for D (1999/2000)

E xporte in Deutschlandverarbeitete M enge

in Deutschlandverwendete

MengeE m iss ionen in d ie

G ew ässer

NachnutzungsphaseProduktion Nutzung

75 g A nth racen

A nth racen-P roduktion

ca . 550 t

In D vera rbe ite teM enge: ca. 0 ,2 t ?

Im port vonK reosot:6 .000 t

?Im prägn ieren

von H olz30 t A n th racen

V erbrennungs-prozesseca. 9 ,3 t

99 ,9%

E xport30 .000 t

Teer

ölpr

oduk

tion

ca.7 t b le ibeninnerha lb der

E U

?

K reoso t30.000 t

(davon 30 tA nthracen)

E m iss ionenbe i V era rbe itung

E m issionen be iP roduktion

E inträge überN iederschläge

K lä ran lagen

E m issionen ausbehandeltem

H olz

?

Substance flow of anthracene in Germany

Emission inventories and SFA for surface waters

• Increased importance of emissions from end-user products, e.g. lead emissions from fishing or diving. Use of substance flow analysis is needed to find the best emission reduction measure (SOCOPSE, COHIBA).

• Timeline of uses: substances are banned, but found in water.

• SFA are a good tool to get data particularly for products, but they are normally static (e. g. difficulties with PAH emissions: domestic heating in winter)

Conclusions• Constructing emission balances are a prerequisite for an

efficient combination of measures to reduce pollution in river basin management

SFA CadmiumEU 27 (kg/y)

Consumption of foodWaste

Compost

WWTP

Air

Water

Land

SedimentHuman body

Fertilizers for agriculture and gardening Contaminatedsoil

Production of fertilizers

Car washing

Washing and cleaning,detergents

Tap water

Artist paintContaminated

sediments

Production ofNiCd batteries

Recycling plants forNiCd batteries

Land filling of municipal waste

Iron and steel production

Non-ferrous metal production

Combustion of fossil fuelsheat production

15.6

Low

?

Long rangetransport0.1

1.8

5160

5

8200

2600

4400

540

Stormwatertreatment

Pollutant in Zink,corrosion of materials

11

2200

Source: COHIBA, City of Stockholm

Development of domestic incineration in Germany

Development of particulate emissions from plants of the 1st BImSchV: increasing importance of emissions from wood fuels

BMU, 2007

WoodCoalOilNatural gasTotal

Starting to use MORE for other priority substances: PAH

erosion6.4%

surface runoff18.3%

tile drainage0.5%

urban systems29.8%

WWTP6.5%

atmospheric deposition

21.4%

groundwater6.5%

industry2.3%

inland navigation/leisure

boat8.2%

PAH emissions to water in Germany 2005