9Allgemeiner Teil

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Allgemeiner TeilZugänge

Venöse Zugänge....................................................................................................................................24Arterielle Zugänge .................................................................................................................................34

Atemwegsmanagement ...........................................................................................................38Beatmung (Grundlagen, Formen) ...........................................................................................65Nicht-Invasive Beatmung (NIV) ...............................................................................................90Weaning ..................................................................................................................................99Tracheotomie .........................................................................................................................108Analgosedierung ...................................................................................................................115Hämodynamisches Monitoring ..............................................................................................129Kreislauftherapie

Volumentherapie ..................................................................................................................................153Katecholamintherapie ..........................................................................................................................157

Schock ...................................................................................................................................159Ernährung kritisch kranker Patienten ....................................................................................166Reanimation

Reanimation Neugeborener.................................................................................................................179Reanimation Erwachsener...................................................................................................................185

Spezieller Teil

KArdIologIeAkutes Koronarsyndrom ........................................................................................................210Kardiogener Schock ..............................................................................................................241Herzrhythmusstörungen ........................................................................................................253Endokarditis ...........................................................................................................................294Hypertensive Krise ................................................................................................................311

AngIologIeAkute Lungenembolie ............................................................................................................316Akutes Aortensyndrom ..........................................................................................................339

PulmologIeARDS ....................................................................................................................................348Pulmonale Hypertonie ...........................................................................................................377Akutes Rechtsherzversagen .................................................................................................385Obstruktive Lungenerkrankungen

Status asthmaticus ..............................................................................................................................393Exazerbierte COPD .............................................................................................................................397

10 Allgemeiner Teil

gAsTroenTerologIeGastrointestinale Blutungen

Obere GI-Blutungen.............................................................................................................................408Untere GI-Blutungen ............................................................................................................................434

Akute Pankreatitis .................................................................................................................443Magen-Darm-Atonie ..............................................................................................................467Komplikationen der Leberzirrhose

Portale Hypertension ...........................................................................................................................474Aszites .................................................................................................................................................478Spontan-bakterielle Peritonitis .............................................................................................................482Hepatorenales Syndrom ......................................................................................................................484Hepatische Enzephalopathie ...............................................................................................................486Hepatopulmonales Syndrom ...............................................................................................................489Hepatischer Hydrothorax .....................................................................................................................489Spontan-bakterielles Empyem .............................................................................................................490

Akutes Leberversagen ..........................................................................................................491Akute mesenteriale Ischämie.................................................................................................509

endoKrInologIeEndokrinologische Notfälle

Diabetisches Koma ..............................................................................................................................516Laktazidose..........................................................................................................................................519Thyreotoxische Krise ...........................................................................................................................521Myxödem-Koma...................................................................................................................................524Addison-Krise ......................................................................................................................................525Hypophysenvorderlappeninsuffizienz (u.a. hypophysäres Koma) .......................................................527

Störungen der ElektrolyteStörungen des Natriums ......................................................................................................................531Störungen des Kaliums........................................................................................................................536Störungen des Kalziums ......................................................................................................................539Störungen des Phosphats ...................................................................................................................541Störungen des Magnesiums ................................................................................................................542

Störungen des Säure-Basen-HaushaltsAzidosen ..............................................................................................................................................544Alkalosen ..............................................................................................................................................................545

nePhrologIeAkutes Nierenversagen .........................................................................................................550 Nierenersatzverfahren ...........................................................................................................555

InfeKTIologIeSepsis ....................................................................................................................................566Pneumonie

Ambulant erworbene Pneumonie ........................................................................................................599Nosokomiale Pneumonie .....................................................................................................................617

Multiresistente Keime ............................................................................................................629Haut- und Weichgewebsinfektionen (HWGI) .........................................................................639Pilzinfektionen (Mykosen) .....................................................................................................645Malaria ...................................................................................................................................652

11Allgemeiner Teil

hämATologIeDisseminierte intravasale Gerinnung (DIC) ...........................................................................662Blutprodukte ..........................................................................................................................668Hyperfibrinolyse .....................................................................................................................672Heparininduzierte Thrombozytopenie (HIT) ..........................................................................675Thrombotisch-thrombozytopenische Purpura (TTP) .............................................................680

onKologIeObere Einflußstauung ...........................................................................................................688Spinales Kompessionssyndrom ............................................................................................690Hirnmetastasen .....................................................................................................................691Tumorlyse-Syndrom ..............................................................................................................692Neutropenisches Fieber ........................................................................................................693

neurologIeSchlaganfall (Hirninfarkt) .......................................................................................................700Intrakranielle Blutungen

Epiruralblutung.....................................................................................................................................725Subduralblutung...................................................................................................................................726Subarachnoidalblutung ........................................................................................................................728Intrazerebrale Blutung .........................................................................................................................734

Status epilepticus ..................................................................................................................739Bakterielle Meningitis ............................................................................................................744Hypoxischer Hirnschaden .....................................................................................................747Hirntod, Organspende ...........................................................................................................749Neuromuskuläre Erkrankungen

Critical-Illness Polyneuropathie (CIP) ..................................................................................................756Critical-Illness-Myopathie (CIM)...........................................................................................................758Guillain-Barre-Syndrom .......................................................................................................................759Maligne Hyperthermie..........................................................................................................................762

Krisen bei BewegungsstörungenAkinetische Krise .................................................................................................................................764Myasthene Krise ..................................................................................................................................765Dystone Krise ......................................................................................................................................767

ToxIKologIeAllgemeine Toxikologie ..........................................................................................................770Spezielle Toxikologie

Intoxikationen mit Medikamenten ........................................................................................................781 Intoxikationen mit Drogen ....................................................................................................................793Intoxikationen mit Alkoholen ................................................................................................................799Intoxikationen mit Chemikalien ............................................................................................................807Intoxikationen mit Metallen ..................................................................................................................813Intoxikationen mit Rauchgasen............................................................................................................823Intoxikationen mit Pilzen .....................................................................................................................830Intoxikationen mit Pflanzen .................................................................................................................837

eThIK & rechT 844

AnhAng 852