FCT 2010 Mitrovica - Delegate Pack

8/12/2019 FCT 2010 Mitrovica - Delegate Pack

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The Mitrovica Forum welcomes you to the InauguralConference of the Forum for Cities in Transition The Mitrovica Forum is the steering committee for the InauguralConference of the Forum for Cities in Transition. Its members wereelected at a conference in Struga, Macedonia, in June 2009, organised bythe Ministry of Local Government Administration and with the support ofthe Centre for Civil Society Development and Community BuildingMitrovica, and through subsequent agreements to serve in the Forum by

the citizens of Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica. The members consist ofrepresentatives of local authorities, NGOs, media and business.

The election of members to the Mitrovicas Forum completedMitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovicas requirements to become a member ingood standing of the Forum for Cities in Transition, of whichMitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica is a founding city member following itsparticipation in the founding conference at the University ofMassachusetts Boston, Massachusetts in April 2009.

The Mitrovica Forum members have committed to the followingprinciples:

We will at all times show respect for each other and for membersof the member cities;

We will at all times act in good faith towards each other and ourcolleagues from member cities;

We will share information where appropriate with each other;

We will make decisions by two thirds majority (i.e. six out of ninemembers votes);

We will work for the well being of the citizens ofMitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica.

Chair of the Mitrovica ForumMinister Sadri FeratiTechnical Co ordinators of the Mitrovica Forum

Mom ilo Arlov, Centre for Civil Society DevelopmentValdete Idrizi, Community Building Mitrovica

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Principles of working of the Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica Delegation to theInaugural Conference of the Forum for Cities in Transition

The members of the Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica (from hereon in our city) Delegationare organizing the Inaugural annual Conference of the Forum for Cities in Transition, which

will take place in our city, in Kosovo from 24-28 May 2010, and agree the followingstatement: The delegates signed below agree between themselves to co-operate andcommit to respecting all ethnic communities living together along the following principles:

1) Undertaking activities in a spirit of good will to regain normality in the interest of allthe citizens of our city.

2) Rebuilding trust between us and cooperation between democratically elected localauthorities, to secure efficient leadership and provision of public services, and takingcare of the environment for all communities.

3) Promoting successful return of internally displaced persons in all areas of our city, nomatter what ethnicity, according to principles in the manual of regulations forreturns.

4) Creating conditions for free movement of people, values and services in all areas ofour city.

5) Building communication links and raising multiethnic dialogue, through organizing

multiethnic activities with all stakeholders and emphasizing the participation of youngwomen and business groups from all communities.

6) Promoting economic development and reducing unemployment for all citizens of ourcity.

7) Advocating for economic development and the revitalization of our city throughcooperation between representatives all communities, industries and other relevantactors.

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Padraig OMalley DirectorUniversity ofMassachusetts Boston617 291 1845

[email protected]

Mia Marzouk Programme CoordinatorMitrovic /Kosovska Mitrovica377 44 763 [email protected]

Forum for Cities inTransition

Founding CitiesDerry/LondonderryKirkuk Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica

Nicosia

Forum for Cities in TransitionThe Forum for Cities in Transition is an initiative of the John JosephMoakley Chair of Peace and Reconciliation at the McCormack GraduateSchool of Policy Studies at University of Massachusetts Boston. It wasfounded at a conference in Boston 16 to 19 April 2009. The foundingcities are Derry/Londonderry, Nicosia (the Greek Cypriot communityand the Turkish Cypriot community), Kirkuk, and Mitrovica. Theysigned a founding document, the Call to Action.

Director, Professor Padraig OMalley ([email protected])www.mccormack.umb.edu/chair/chair.php.Cosecretariat, Allan Leonard, Director Northern Ireland Foundation([email protected])Nancy Riordan and Pat Peterson, Moakley Staff ([email protected],[email protected])

Padraig OMalley is the John Joseph

Moakley Distinguished Professor ofPeace and Reconciliation,McCormack Graduate School ofPolicy Studies at the University ofMassachusetts Boston and author ofseveral books on divided societies.OMalley directs the Forum forCities in Transition.

Allan Leonard is director of the

Northern Ireland Bureau. He headsup the Cosecretariat for the Forumfor Cities in Transition designed andruns the Forums Web site atwww.citiesintransition.net

Nancy Riordan heads up the UMassSecretariat of the Iraq-Helsinki

Project, is a staff member of theMoakley Professorship, and amember of the cosecretariat for theFCT at UMass.

Patricia Peterson is a member of theIraq-Helsinki Project, staff member

of the Moakley Professorship, and amember of the cosecretariat for theFCT at UMass.

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MONDAY, 24 MAY 2010

Breakfast in Hotel Palace, Hotel Lux, and Hotel North City:0700-0830 Wake-up calls and breakfast

0900-1045 Opening Plenary (Cultural Center)

Co-chairs:Ms. Valdete Idrizi Mr. Momcilo Arlov

Welcome by Mitrovica Forum representatives:Mr. Avni Kastrati Mr. Dragan SpasojevicMr. Sadri FeratiMr. Oliver IvanovicMr. Bajram Rexhepi

Special Guests:Ms. Ulrike Lunacek, EU Rapporteur rep for Kosovo by videoMs. Osnat Lubrani, Resident Representative for the United Nations DevelopmentProgramme and the United Nations Development Co-ordinator

Conference agenda, goals and aims (FCT):Professor Padraig OMalley, Director of the Forum for Cities in Transition

Introduction of delegates: Valdete Idrizi and Momcilo Arlov

1045-1100 COFFEE BREAK AND TRAVEL TO SITE

1115-1300 Site Visit 1: Water Infrastructure

Delegates organized into two groups, to inspect water pipeline infrastructure, fromboth north and south (Each group appoints a reporter)

Two local speakers familiar with the site will give same presentation to each group

1315-1400 Lunch

1400-1430 Site Discussion

Delegates break away in city specific groups to discuss lessons from site visit

1430-1500 Plenary site discussion with reports from visits (Chair: Professor Emanuela Del Re )

1500-1545 Coffee break

1545-1645 Panel: Municipal ServicesDelivering public services in transitional societies

A panel discussion on the challenges that various municipalities face in their dutiesto deliver public services in an environment of societal divisions

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Chair

Richard Kobayashi (Edward J. Collins Centre, University of Massachusetts Boston)PanelistsRasim Veseli , Director of Infrastructure and Development, Mitrovica MunicipalityDragan Spasojevic, Director of Urban Development, UNMIK Administration,MitrovicaBernd Burwitz , OSCE Regional Head, Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica

1700-1715 Coffee Break

1715-1800 Concurrent Sessions

City Presentations: Nicosia, Haifa 45 min each 1900-2100 Dinner

Banjska Monastery, tour and meal

The Mitrovica Forum reps and FCT reps and City reps meet each evening to review the day and seewhat changes they would like to see in the program the next day.

TUESDAY, 25 MAY 2010

Breakfast in Hotel Palace, Hotel Lux, and Hotel North City

0700-0815 Breakfast0845-0900 Travel to site

0900-1045 Site Visit 2: Schools

Small groups of delegates will visit schools to interact with pupils, as well as to learnhow the school system works in both the north and the south.



Delegates break away in groups to discuss lessons from site visit


0900-1200 Business Round Table

By invitation, the Mitrovica Forum is hosting a business roundtable discussion at thePalace Hotel, Chaired by Yannick Du Pont , SPARK. Presentation by Andre Stein ,Monitor Group.

0900-1200 A side meeting will also take place in the north where Mark Hamilton and ChrisYates will meet with members of the local police force.

1215-1300 Lunch at Hotel North City


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1300-1445 City Presentations: Kirkuk, Kaduna 45 min each, with coffee break

1300-1445 Mariska Kappmeier , University of Hamburg, More than Words: How to EstablishSustainability Out of Group Discussions


1500-1730 Panel: Housing Property rights and housing in urban environments

ChairAdrian Ouvry , Danish Refugee Council

PanelistsScott Bowen, Executive Director, Kosovo Property AgencyMichael Giffoni, Italian Ambassador to Kosovo and EU Coordinator for NorthKosovoJennifer Hawthorne , Northern Ireland Housing ExecutiveNeophytos Loizides , Queens University Belfast

1800-1900 Reception: SPARK Hard Hat Cocktail

Keynote speech, Yannick Du Pont (Director, SPARK) and brief remarks by EmanuelaDel ReVenue: Site foundation of SPARKs new international business schoolMitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica in the Bosniak Mahala neighborhood

1900-2100 DinnerHotel North City: Song Club at same venue


WEDNESDAY, 26 MAY 2010

0700- 815 Breakfast, participants in North travel to South

1000-1100 Website TutorialAllan Leonard, FCT Website Video conferencing and website tutorial

A side meeting will also take place in the south, where Mark Hamilton and ChrisYates will meet with members of the local police force.

1100-1300 Site Visit 3: CRYM Coalition of NGOs by Momcilo Arlov & Valdete Idrizi

Visit to the headquarters of the coalition of civil society and organisations based innorth Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica

1300-1400 Lunch



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1500-1515 Coffee Break1515-1700 Panel: Sustainable Development & Civic Engagement

Civic Leadership & Community Development

ChairVukosava Crnjanski , President, LINET

PanelistsMomcilo Arlov, Programme Director of the Center for Civil Society DevelopmentValdete Idrizi, Executive Director of Community-Building MitrovicaBert Koenders, Former Minister of International Development Co-operation of theKingdom of the NetherlandsHaki Abazi , Western Balkans Director, Rockefeller Brothers Fund



City Presentations: Derry/Londonderry, Mostar 45 mins each

1800-1900 Reception Hotel Palace

Cocktails

1930-2200 Formal Dinner at Palace Hotel

Facilitated by Momcilo Arlov & Valdete Idrizi

Special guests will address the audience

Jazz accompaniment from North City Jazz Festival


THURSDAY, 27 MAY 2010

0700- 0815 Breakfast in Hotel Palace, Hotel Lux, and Hotel North City0815-0900 Travel to site

0900-1100 Site Visit 4: Business Advisory Centres (BAC)

Delegates organized into three groups visit one of three business advisory centers,north and south




Parallel sessions with Mariska Kappmeier, Peace Psychologist


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1215-1400 Lunch

Picnic lunch along the River Ibr/IbarWalking tours accompanied by conference youth volunteer team

1400-16400 Panel: PolicingMaintaining cohesion with community-based policing

A panel discussion on development of Kosovo Police and the Police Service ofNorthern Ireland (PSNI)

ChairQuintin Oliver , International Political Strategist, Stratagem

PanelistsLt. Colonel Ergin Medic , Deputy Regional Director of Operations of Kosovo Police Lt. Colonel Naim Rexha, Director of Department for Public Security, Kosovo Police Captain Milija Milosevic , Station Commander, Mitrovica North, Kosovo PoliceCaptain Bashkim Spahiu , Station Commander, Mitrovica South, Kosovo PoliceChris Yates , PSNI, Foyle DistrictMark Hamilton, PSNI, North & West BelfastDavid Hamilton , Resident Twinning Advisor, Twinning ProjectKosovo Police


1615-1745 Concurrent Sessions: City Project WorkshopsDelegates break away in own city groups, to discuss and agree a city-based projectto be delivered by next years annual Forum conference.

Session with non-member cities (Beirut, Belfast, Haifa, Jerusalem, Mostar) on futureparticipation in the FCT (Chair: Professor Padraig OMalley and Secretariat of FCT)

1815-2015 Dinner and then TALENT SHOW at Cultural Center

BBQ/grill dinner at Hotel Palace


FRIDAY, 28 MAY 2010

0700-0815 Breakfast in Hotel Palace, Hotel Lux, and Hotel North City

0900-1100 Mitrovica Forum Plenary

Chair Andre Stein

Presentation of local business development plan for Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica

Jeton Ujkani , Business Forum Representative from Mitrovica ForumZoran Golubovic , Business Forum Representative from Mitrovica Forum

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Response by Derry/Londonderry, Nicosia, and Kirkuk, including discussion of job creation at the

municipal level1100-1115 Coffee Break

1115-1400 Plenary: Conference OutcomesChairs : Momcilo Arlov and Valdete Idrizi

> City declarations of specific, small-scale projects to be delivered for the ForumAnnual Conference 2011 (each city nominates one delegate to make declaration)

> Selection of host city for the Forum Annual Conference 2011

> Discussion of a peer-monitoring system by each city

> Other outcomesSavoury snacks served during break

1400-1430 Concluding Comments: Valdete Idrizi, Momcilo Arlov, Professor Padraig OMalley

1430-1830 Lunch & Walkabout

Informal lunch in city of Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica, sightseeing in bothcommunities optional tours (such as to the Crystal Museum, guided walk toZve an/Zveqan fortress, 14th century Roman Catholic Church, Serbian OrthodoxChurch, Zallie Mosque-Xhamia e Zallit), free time

1515-1600 Concurrent Session: Jerusalem City Presentation & Walkabout1700-1800 FCT Business Meeting

Applicable delegates and Forum staff meeting, to discuss next actions

1830-2030 Dinner

Koshtova/Koutovo (Qetsia restaurant)

2100-2200 Concert

Mitrovica Rock School provides concert to Forum delegates and guests

SATURDAY, 29 MAY 2010

International delegates depart via Pristina Airport

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The Forum for Cities in Transition (FCT)

Mission StatementThe John Joseph Moakley Chair of Peace and ReconciliationMcCormack Graduate School of Policy StudiesUniversity of Massachusetts Boston

The significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking wewere at when we created them.

Albert Einstein

Since WW II, most wars have been intrastate wars, wars within a country where one or moregroups have fought others who control the levers of power, either to overthrow them andestablish their own hegemony or to force them into some governance arrangement underwhich they, the out-groups would have a share of power or even equal power. Thedistribution of that power would be reflected not only in the new forms of governmentagreed on, but in all sectors of society in terms of allocating resources, redressing imbalancesof the past, providing equality under the law, assuring equal opportunity for employment,abolishing past discriminatory practices, recognizing cultural parity, and in some caseswhere the out-groups professed allegiance to a different national identity, giving parity ofrecognition to all identities. Invariably, these conflicts involved issues of religion, ethnicity,race, culture, language, and national identity. Countries in which this occurs are labeleddivided societies.

Among some of the countries torn apart by cleavages that have resulted in widespread and

indiscriminate violence, as different factions sought to advance their claims by formingparamilitary organizations (or the armed forces of a neighboring country proclaiming theright to protect an ethnically related minority) are Northern Ireland, Cyprus, Lebanon, theBalkans (when Yugoslavia imploded after the collapse of Communism), Iraq (where theKurds carved out their own enclave, Kurdistan, under American protection after the firstGulf War), and Nigeria.

In most of these countries, violence has now ceased or been brought to manageable levelsand forms of governance have been adopted that sufficiently address the out-groupsgrievances (thus ensuring their participation in government), paramilitary groups haveeither disbanded or gone silent and in some cases (most notably Northern Ireland), a process

called decommissioning of arms has culminated in the verifiable destruction of mostparamilitary arms caches.

Each of these societies is in a different stage of transition to normalcy, although it might bebetter to think of them as societies in recovery. If they do not continually address thecauses of the conflict, if the grievances of war remain unaddressed or inadequatelyaddressed, if processes to nurture reconciliation are not promoted (especially at communitylevel), if disparities in wealth and income continue to grow among competing groupsdespite legislation aimed at closing such gaps, if an agreed history of the past cannot bereconciled, if the root causes of what resulted in the conflict cannot be acknowledged by all,then the residual causes of conflict and perceived grievance linger and fester and risk the

slow accumulation to a critical mass that sees the outbreak of conflict again. Thus, there is aneed to put in place mechanisms that minimize this risk.

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The premise that underlies the work described hereunder is simple: people from dividedsocieties are in the best position to help people in other divided societies; that former protagonists,often former purveyors of violence and death who abandoned violence to resolve theirdifferences, are best equipped to share their often tentative and difficult journeys torecognizing the necessity to abandon violence as the instrument to achieve their politicalaims and open the gateways to recovery, reconstruction, and reconciliation;that peoples fromdivided societies share behavioral, political, social, and psychological traits, not seen in people in morenormal societies, traits that predispose them to see things through a prism that is different than the

prism through which you and I would perceive the same events.

Among them: Uniqueness: beliefs that our conflict is special. We all used to live peacefully together before all this. There has never been a conflict like ours. No one but ourselves can ever understand it. Minority/majority dichotomies: either a majority holds all the instruments of power

and is unwilling to share with a different minority, a minority that does not sharesimilar religion / nationality / ethnicity / culture / race / language etc.

Othering to deny attributes or characteristics generally shared by human beingsin order to suggest that the individual or group is another kind, an other.

More than / less than syndrome; the belief that no matter what change is made orformula is put forward to lessen divisions, inbred psychological predispositionstrigger thinking on the part of one group that any change will always benefit theother party to the conflict and leave it worse off. The narcissism of smalldifferences the more objectively alike opposing groups are, the more theymagnify their pseudo-differences.

Zero sum analytical frames: if you appear to win, even if there is no overt evidenceof it, I must be losing.

A recurring dynamic: doing the same things over and over again and expecting adifferent outcome; i.e., believing no matter what happens that we are going to win;repeating acts of violence and expecting a different result.

Holding tight to perceived grievances / resentments, being unable to let go. Kin is everything i.e., close communal and family ties. Never letting go of the past; Never! No surrender! Not an inch! Every side sees events through different perceptual prisms. Every side has different historical starting points, narratives, and interpretations of

the same events. Any small incident can escalate into a major eruption; a killing, even an accidentalone, can result in widespread violence.

Anything can become the spark that suddenly awakens dormant grievances orignites festering grievances.

This thesis does not suggest that all intrastate conflicts in divided societies are the same; itdoes posit, however, that there are sufficient points of possible identification aconvergence in the behaviors of groups that engage in such conflicts to meritexamination. There is much to be gained by everyone: groups from the countries who hearthe narratives of conflict and emergence from conflict shakily in some, more firmly rootedin others and the groups from narrating countries.

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All gain from such interactions, but especially those groups who are still in conflict whohave reached a point where they are searching for a way out of what has seemed to them anintractable conflict. The fact that groups now in transition to shared governance woulddescribe their conflicts as once appearing to be intractable to groups still convinced thattheirs are intractable creates bonding between the two in ways not quite explicable tosocieties that never had to undergo similar experiences. While divided societies may indeedbe dissimilar, they are quite the same in many respects.

The Forum for Cities in Transition (FCT) is premised on a similarly based thesis. Just asdivided societies are in the best position to assist other divided societies in a way morenormal societies or international institutions cant, so too are cities that are or were at theepicenter of the conflicts in their countries in a special position to assist each other becausethey harbor the same behavioral characteristics. They are also divided along racial, ethnic,nationalist, religious, cultural, or linguistic lines with enclaves of different populationgroups guarded by their indigenous militias or serving as the breeding ground for militiasthat launch attacks on members of other enclaves. They are often the micro-representation oftheir societys fault lines, the focus of forms of ethnic cleansing, that is, violence thatensures that within an enclave, the minority belonging to the other who do not share themajoritys political dispositions, are methodically targeted for murder or driven by fear fromtheir homes.

Cities are compact, and in the period before some spark became the transformative agent ofviolence, places where it was not unusual for members of both out-groups and in-groups tolive as minorities in each others enclaves. Nevertheless, the onset of conflict invariablybecomes an instrument of othering. The next door neighbor is no longer a neighbor withwhom you had shared many ordinary day-to-day living experiences, but an enemy,someone to be expelled as a threat to security or suddenly different.

Concepts of humanness are malleable; they transmute with perceived threat. Retaliationkillings become routine; kidnapping and disappearances random, torture often precedesmurder, mutilation often follows; the compulsion to dehumanize the other becomespervasive; cemeteries are transformed into recruitment centers for mobilizing against theother.

Cities become citadels of danger. The states security forces are predominantly based incities. Governments are invariably on the side of the in-groups, their armory is directed atthe enclaves of the out-groups, ostensibly at their militias, but indiscriminately enough toensure that civilians are those mainly affected. Militias target each others populations butrarely each other. Cities witness carnage and mayhem in disproportionate measure.Members of one group never enter the territory of the other; as the layers of perceivedresponsibility are unfolded with each group accusing the other. Members of all groupsbecome increasingly sensitive to the idiosyncrasies and subtle variations in gesture, pitch ofvoice or laughter variations entirely imperceptible to an outsider that appear todistinguish them but become instead tools in their survival kits. The mixed areas thatremain after population movements (either to the safer haven of their own communities,displacement, or abandonment) and areas where enclaves that abut each other become theinterstices that continue to remind all groups that sometimes raw emotions, often expressedin hideous ways, obfuscate the causes of the conflict itself.

Checkpoints become normal; intricate patterns of movement and transportation aredeployed in whatever remains of central business areas; stores check handbags and

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briefcases; body checks are normal and parking is prohibited. Arbitrary detention withouttrial becomes standard judicial practice; security forces close off streets as they go door-to-door searching houses for weapons, aggravating grievances into rage and rage into closerrelationships with and support of paramilitaries. Demonstrations within boundaries ofsecure enclaves evolve into outlets for the expression of fear, paranoia, and regurgitation ofalleged atrocities against members of their group in other enclaves; memory becomes therepository for as much that is false as is true; people pray for peace but rarely condemn theviolence of their own.

This sweeping panorama of cities that are the centrifuges of the larger conflict that engulfsthem is painted on a broad canvas with careful strokes, artfully depicting the neighborhoodsand streets where maximum destruction can be accomplished. Targets here are easiest tofind, clandestine connections can be made and youth recruited to paramilitary structures;here informants are most productive and infiltration easiest; here poverty is most acute andclass differences most glaring. By pitting the working class of the in-group against that ofthe out-group, the former asserts its marginal advantage through its affinity with the in-group and willingness to fight and kill and be killed to preserve a perceived superiority.

And, of course, cities are most often the places in which the media (local, national andinternational) can converge; they usually have some or all of the infrastructure the medianeeds: hotels, Internet, fax machines, land lines and cell phones, drivers for hire all theparaphernalia that the television requires to record the footage that maintains viewersinterest in the conflict. Interest, however, is predicated on footage of gruesome violence:refugees fleeing their homes, abandoning their possessions, frightened children and rapedwomen. The electronic media, by the act of recording, alter the form of the events they coverand thus thecontent of what they transmit. In-groups, out-groups and their affiliatedmilitary arms become extremely adept at using the media to advance their agendas. It is forthis reason, for example, the Israeli Defense Force (IDF) prevented the global media fromaccess to Gaza in January 2008, since the imagery of its assault would undoubtedly haveredounded to its disadvantage.

In April 2009, five cities Derry/Londonderry, Belfast, Nicosia (Greek Cypriot communityand Turkish Cypriot community), Kirkuk, and Mitrovic/Kosovska Mitrovica wereinvited to a conference at the University of Massachusetts, hosted by the Moakley Chair ofPeace and Reconciliation. The purpose of the conference was to have the cities explore, afterlistening to the narratives of each others conflict, whether they had sufficient commonattributes, experiences and collective identification that they should form a collaborativewhere they would share their differences and similarities in a more formal and ongoingway, in the hope that learning from each other would strengthen the social/political fabricof their respective cities. They drew up a founding document, A Call to Action andbecame the founding cities of the Forum for Cities in Transition.

These founding cities had experienced many of the characteristics human toll, burnt orbombed out neighborhoods, devastated housing damage, destruction of infrastructure,demographic reconfigurations, proliferation of militias, laboratory-like experiments by thesecurity forces to control the flow of people and vehicles, entry to, passage through and exitof particular areas, policing that is abhorrent to out-groups, and gross violation of humanrights, etc.

But even at the depth of their conflicts, these cities managed to provide a modicum of basicservices; although in some, adequate services had never been available to members of the

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out groups. The sense of territorial entrapment can also generate a concomitant sense ofcommunal pride unwillingness on the part of groups to let things fall apart in their owncommunities and a pride that sustains loss. Thus, perceptions of poverty, access to amenitiessuch as electricity and drinking water, and water itself, schooling, housing, health,transportation, and most important, perceptions of policing unwelcome intrusions to onegroup, and a welcome presence to the other are seen through different prisms that refractthe distortions of how people cope with war rather than reflecting the metrics of relativedeprivation.

Our concern is with the city of the other, especially with the othering that is pervasivein the societies of which these cities are part the cities that are at the epicenter of dividedsocieties, the cities that define and epitomize the nature of the societal divisions andcleavages that are the pervasive and permanent characteristics of some nationstates orregions. These are the cities of the old terrorisms.

The cities invited to the Boston conference shared a set of internal and externalcharacteristics. The internal characteristics related to the routes they took to arrive at internalpower-sharing or consensual governance protocols; the external characteristics related tomembers of some groups professing different loyalties, oppositional senses of belonging andaffirmations of antithetical identities. Some cities are situated in a country within theterritorial boundaries of the state specific to one group, and some straddle the boundaries ofnation-states where the boundaries themselves are the issue.

Thus in Derry/Londonderry referred to by many residents as simply Stroke City perhaps up to 70 percent of the population, who regard themselves as being Irish, aspire tobecoming part of a united Ireland, and the 30 percent who regard themselves as beingBritish want to remain part of the United Kingdom. In Belfast a similar division pertains,although the percentages are probably 50/50.

In Mitrovica, the declaration of independence by Kosovo in February 2008 that wasrecognized by the United States and twenty-two of twenty-seven European Union memberswas not recognized by Serbia or the UN and was vehemently rejected by Serbs on thenorthern side of the Ibar River. Here, Serbs maintain allegiance to the Serbian government inBelgrade. Serbia does not accept the partition of Serbia that created the state of Kosovo.Kosovar Albanians on the southern bank of the Ibar River (Mitrovic) recognize the Kosovargovernment in Pristina and the Kosovo government regards the northern municipality ofKosovska Mitrovica as illegitimate: Mitrovica on the north side of the Ibar River is claimedas part of the Kosovo state.

In Kirkuk, Kurds want Kirkuk to be become part of Kurdistan, an autonomous region ofIraq, while Turkmen, Arabs, and Assyrians strenuously object to such an arrangement. Theywant to remain under the control of the central government in Baghdad, to remain inArab Iraq. A referendum that supposedly would have resolved the issue should havetaken place by 31 December 2007 but was postponed until it can be determined who is alegitimate resident of Kirkuk. Since Saddams ousting, some 400,000 Kurds have made theirway to Kirkuk. Many have legitimate claims on properties. Some dont. Determining whichKurds are legitimate residents of Kirkuk is a matter on which Arabs and Turkmen will givelittle ground to the Kurds.

In Nicosia, the two-thirds of the population who are Greek Cypriots generally want theunification of the Island into a federal state emphasizing the unity and continuity of the

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It is the hope of the FCT that cities at the conferences will learn from each other and create amongthemselves the dynamics that become a catalyst for change, that by sharing the travails of sorting outcomplex, intricate, and very complicated problems at the local level, from the grass roots up, ratherthan the other way around, they will discover and test new ways of dealing with old problems, thattheir collective voices can gain them access to international and national donor meetings in order to

impress upon them that the collectivity of the cities engagement transcends individual needs, that alllooking out for each other means that increasing prosperity in one becomes the lynchpin for increasing prosperity in all.

Sharing the experiences of on-the-ground engagements will expose participants to ways ofdealing with similar, although different, problems the specific details of which will create anexpanding pool of knowledge and support from which all can draw.

Mitrovic/ Kosovska Mitrovica is hosting the inaugural conference of the Forum forCities in Transition. It is their conference, a reflection of how the two communities,Albanian and Serb, have risen above the differences that provide the context for their

conflict and created a vibrant program that will open to participating cities to the day-to-day experiences of Mitrovicans on both sides of the Ibar River how they have foundways to transcend the multiple issues that drive division, the solutions to which are in thehands of their respective governments and the international community. The failure toresolve has a direct impact on their daily lives. In the end, no matter how their conflict isresolved, they are the people who have to live with its consequences.

The Forum for Cities in Transition is an initiative of the John Joseph Moakley Chair of Peaceand Reconciliation at the University of Massachusetts Boston. The Secretariat is shared bythe Northern Ireland Foundation and the Moakley Chair. The purpose of the Secretariat is toprovide and carry out the administrative tasks associated with conferences of increasing

magnitude and to provide assistance to the cities or the committee organizing a conferenceon behalf of the host city.

The Forums Web site is maintained by the Northern Ireland Foundation and can be foundat www.citiesintransition.net

The ownership of the Forum belongs to the cities themselves and they collectively are the decisionmakers.

Padraig OMalleyDirector

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Forum for Cities in TransitionCALL TO ACTION

April 14 16 th, 2009

The Forum for Cities in Transition whose members comprise four Cities (Derry /Londonderry, Kirkuk, Kosovska Mitrovica and Mitrovica (south), Nicosia) meeting inBoston, 14-16 April 2009, affirmed its commitment to promoting understanding betweenmember cities with the aim of encouraging mutual learning, dialogue and the resolutionof conflict through non-violent methods.

Even though we face different problems, challenges, and contexts, cities in transitioncan both learn from, and offer lessons to, each other. We believe that this learningshould be shared, so that cities in transition can use the resources and knowledge ofothers to address these challenges.

People from societies in transition are in the best position to help people in othersocieties in transition

Basic PrinciplesThe Forum identified basic principles upon which such positive outcomes can beachieved. We call on leaders to uphold and apply these principles in policymaking andservice delivery, and to measure progress against them.

1) Respect for the dignity of every individual2) Respect for the value of leadership in building trust and confidence across and

within communities3) Respect for human rights, equality, fairness and adherence to the rule of law,

including fair treatment of minorities4) Respect for the value of dialogue between conflicting parties according to context

AgreementThe participating cities affirmed:

1) That City to City workshops of this sort are effective, productive and valuable2) That learning from each others successes and challenges is immensely

empowering3) That some external actors can act as an obstacle and a barrier to promoting joint

working and problem solving4) That they create a Forum for Cities in Transition, with those present becoming

founding members

5) That the Forums purpose shall be to address common problems throughexpanding the pool of knowledge from which to draw practical lessons

6) To develop and maintain an active network of individuals and cities present formutual benefit

7) To deepen and broaden the network by taking ownership of the Forums future,the individuals signing here agree to take steps to explore how each of the citiesinvolved can plan to host future Forum annual events in their own territories inconjunction with civil society and educational institutions

8) That the Secretariat for the Forum shall initially be provided by the Moakley Chairand the Northern Ireland Foundation.

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Delegates by City

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Forum for Cities in Transition

Delegates by CityBeirut (Purple)1. Samer Abdallah,General Coordinator of Nahwa Al Muwatiniya 2. Zeina Mezher,Womens Rights Activist who has worked with Lebanese women on the

Foreground in times of war.

Belfast (Grey) 3. Mark Hamilton,District Commander of North & West Belfast, Police Service of Northern

Ireland 4. Jennifer Hawthorne,Head of Community Cohesion Unit, Housing Executive, Northern Ireland 5. Neophytos Loizides,Lecturer, International Politics and Ethnic Conflict, Queen's University

Belfast

Derry/Londonderry (Light Blue) 6. Angela Teresa Askin,Community Relations Officer, Derry/Londonderry City Council 7. Gerard Diver,Derry/Londonderry City Council 8. Michael Doherty,Director, Peace & Reconciliation Group 9. Brian Dougherty,Director, St. Columbs Park House 10. Willie Lamrock,General Secretary YMCA Londonderry 11. Maeve McLaughlin,Councillor (Sinn Fein), Derry/Londonderry City Council 12. Jim Roddy,City Centre Initiatives, Derry/Londonderry13. Chris Yates,Police Service of Northern Ireland, Foyle

Haifa (Brown) 14. Stav Chaim Avraham,Chief Operational Officer of Mey Carmel, Ltd. 15. Rula Deeb,Executive Director of Kayan 16. Fathi Marshood,Director of Shatil Haifa office, New Israel Funds17. Ariella Vraneski,Research Associate at the Center of Urban and Regional Studies at the

Technion , Israeli Institute of Technology 18. Edna Zaretzky-Toledano,Counselor and Social Worker

Jerusalem (Orange) 19. Fuad Abu-Hamed,Businessman, Social and Civil Rights Activist

20. Aharon Ben-Noun,Director, Public Building Department, Municipality of Jerusalem 21. Bony Goldberg,Director, Community Services Administration, Municipality of Jerusalem

22. Elias Daoud Khoury,Real-estate and Planning Law Expert 23. Tal Kligman,Group Facilitator and Program Manager Jerusalem Inter-Cultural Center

Kaduna (Red) 24. Adam Lawal, Member of the National Assembly, Kaduna 25. John Joseph Hayab,State Secretary of Christian Association of Nigeria 26. Ahmed Makarfi,Senator of Kaduna North 27. Tahir Umar Tahir,Special Advisor to the Governor of Kaduna on Pilgrims and Islamic Affairs 28. John Woje Bagu,Director, Private Schools Board

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Kirkuk (Yellow) 29. Awad Mohamad Ameen, Member of Kirkuk Provincial Council, Kurdistan Toilers Party 30. Abdullah Sami Assi, Member of Kirkuk Provincial Council, Independent 31. Mohammad Kudur Kharab, Member of Kirkuk Provincial Council, Independent 32. Sherzad Adil Khorsheed, Member of Kirkuk Provincial Council, Kurdistan Democratic Party

of Iraq 33. Silvana Boya Nasir, Member of Kirkuk Provincial Council, Assyrian National Party 34. Hasan Turan Bahaulddin Saeed,Deputy Chairman of Al-Adalah Turkemani Party and

Member of the Kirkuk Provincial Council 35. Tahsin Mohammed Ali Wali, Member of Kirkuk City Council

Mitrovica (Green) 36. Arban Abrashi,Support to the Ministry of Local Government Administration, Republic of

Kosovo 37. Mom ilo Arlov,Programme Director, Center for Civil Society Development

38. Sadri Ferati, Minster of Local Government Administration, Government of Kosovo 39. Valdete Idrizi,Director, Community Building Mitrovica

40. Oliver Ivanovi , State Secretary of the Ministry for Kosovo and Metohija, Government of theRepublic of Serbia.

41. Ljubi a Petrovi ,Deputy President of the Kosovska Mitrovica Municipal Assembly42. Bajram Rexhepi, Minister of Internal Affairs, Government of Kosovo

Dragan Spasojevi ,President, Citizens Movement for Kosovska Mitrovic

Mostar (Beige)44. Anja Bogojevi ,Project Coordinator and Curator for Abart, Abra evi Youth Cultural Center 45. Senita olakovi , Advisor to Business Education, Department for Social Affairs of the

Secretariat for Education, Education, Youth and Sports, Mostar City Administration 46. Sabina Memi ,Senior Independent Officer for the Cooperation with NGOs and ReligiousCommunities, Mostar City Administration

47. Anita imunovi , Higher Professional Assistant for the Non-Governmental and YouthOrganizations, Mostar City Administration

48. Mela Zuljevi , Project Coordinator and Designer for Abart, Abra evi Youth Cultural Center

Nicosia (Olive) 49. Mustafa Akinci,Former Mayor, Turkish Municipality of Nicosia 50. Tolga Cagakan,Councillor, Turkish Municipality of Nicosia 51. Lellos Demetriades,Former Mayor, Nicosia Municipality 52. Mehmet Harmanci,Project Coordinator, The Management Centre of the Mediterranean53. Panos Hartsiotis,Board Member, NGO Support Centre54. Kostas Mavrides,Councillor, Leader of the Democratic Party Nicosia City Council Team55. Katerina Papadopoulou,Researcher, Cyprus 2015

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Delegate Biographies

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Forum for Cities in Transition

Delegate Biographies BeirutSamer ABDALLAHSir Samer H. Abdallah is the General Coordinator of Nahwa Al Muwatiniya, a nonprofitorganization that promotes citizenship education, citizen participation, and policy reform.He has also served as projects officer and logistics officer of the Danish refugee Council, aninternational NGO that has been operating in Lebanon since 2004. He received a B.A. degreein Graphic Design from the American University of Beirut and is studying for a B.S. degreein Information Technology and Computing at the Arab Open University.

Zeina MEZHERZeina Mezher is an activist for womens rights. She has experience working in thecommunity and she has participated in many projects. She worked with Lebanese Womenon the Foreground in Times of War. Women played a key role in the crisis management andduring the reconstruction phase, either directly or through their participation with NGOs.Apart from this experience, the women from South Beirut and from Beiruts suburbs were,and still are, left outside of the decision-making process as are all Lebanese women.

BelfastMark HAMILTON

Mark Hamilton joined the Royal Ulster Constabulary in 1994 where hedeveloped extensive experience in policing serious public disorder. AsSenior Public Order Commander for Belfast, he took active command atpublic order incidents across the city. In March of 2009, he became ChiefSuperintendent and took over the role of District Commander, A District,North and West Belfast. He is responsible for leading approximately 700

staff, including sworn officers and civilian employees. He has a B.A. (Hons) degree inFrench; an M.A. in Social Science in Criminology and Criminal Justice; an M.A. in Science inPolice Leadership and Management; and an M.A. in Human Rights Law.

Jennifer HAWTHORNE Jennifer Hawthorne is the Head of the Northern Ireland HousingExecutive's Community Cohesion Unit and is responsible for the deliveryof the Housing Executive's Good Relations Strategy, which incorporatesshared housing, race relations, interfaces and flags, emblems, and sectionalsymbols. The Northern Ireland Housing Executive is one of the largestsocial housing landlords in Europe, with over 100,000 properties and 600

estates across Northern Ireland. Prior to this, Jennifer managed the Housing ExecutivesPublic Relations Department in Belfast.

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Neophytos LOIZIDESNeophytos Loizides received his Ph.D. in Political Science at the Universityof Toronto in May 2005. He is currently a lecturer in International Politicsand Ethnic Conflict at Queens University Belfast. He has previously been aresearch fellow at the Belfer Center at the Kennedy School of Government,Harvard University, and he has taught at Princeton University. He studiesnegotiations and conflict resolution in deeply divided societies, and he is

currently completing a British Academy funded project titled Doves against hawks in theframing of peace policies and nationalist mobilization. His research projects focus onhuman rights and conflict resolution models for conflicts between settler vs. indigenouspeople as well as strategies of using direct democracy (referendums) in peace processes. Hehas published in Journal of Peace Research, Parliamentary Affairs, Electoral Studies andParliamentary Affairs.

Derry/LondonderryAngela ASKIN

Angela Askin is a Community Relations Officer with Derry City Counciland one of three Community Relations Officers responsible for theimplementation and delivery of the Councils Good Relations Strategy,which incorporates Good Relations training, identity and inclusion, youth,ethnic minorities/anti-racism, shared space, and hard issues. The GoodRelations program in Derry City Council is funded through the Community

Relations Unit in the Office of First Minister and deputy First Minister. Angela and hercolleagues work with a range of statutory, community, and voluntary sector organizationsto address community relations issues through projects, education programs, publicity andpublications, and advisory assistance.

Gerard DIVERGerard Diver is a history and politics graduate of the University of Ulster.He is the former mayor of the Derry City Council (SDLP) and was firstelected to the Council in June 2001. He is also a member of WatersideNeighborhood Partnership Board. Aside from politics, he has worked in thecommunity and volunteer sector. His most recent position has been in thearea of community relations with St Columbs Park House Centre for

Reconciliation. He is a member of the Honourable, the Irish Society Advisory Committee.Michael DOHERTY

Michael Doherty initiated the first ever Community Relations ActionLearning Programme in the early 1990s and has designed Open CollegeNetwork Programmes on exploring Diversity Facilitating CommunityRelations Work; Group Work and Facilitation Skills as well as Introductionto Conflict Resolution and Mediation Skills. Michaels development ofspecialized training programs in Community Relations and Conflict

Resolution work has enabled the Peace and Reconciliation Group, of which Michael is thedirector, to maintain its ability to successfully work in the field of Community Relations.

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Brian DOUGHERTYBrian Dougherty is director of St Columbs Park House in LDerry. He isalso currently Chairperson of the Waterside Area Partnership and Trusteemember of the Community Foundation Northern Ireland and North andWest Housing. He is a former Independent member of the Northern IrelandPolicing Board and community development representative on theNorthern Ireland Civic Forum. In January 2007, he was awarded an MBE

for services to the community in Northern Ireland. He holds an MBE Bsc (Hons) and hasM.A. in Town Planning.

an

club.

ad

tor

ctor in

Willie LAMROCKWillie Lamrock is General Secretary of the YMCA Londonderry, whichworks with disadvantaged and/or disaffected young people. TheLondonderry YMCA is lead partner in an important project to encouragethe participation of the Protestant community by promoting a shared sense

of belonging, addressing issues of marginalisation and tackling attitudes toracism and sectarianism. Willie serves on many boards and spends hisspare time organising the YMCA rugby

Maeve MCLAUGHLINMaeve McLaughlin represents the Northlands ward in the city, where sheworks as Manager of Glen Development Initiative (GDI) a communitydevelopment organization. First elected to Derry City Council in 2001,Maeve is the Sinn Fin party leader on the council. Maeve became involvedin Republican politics at an early age and received a B.A. honours degree inSociology, History, and Politics and was active in politics during her time

at University College Galway. Maeve has recently been appointed Sinn Fin spokespersonfor Tourism and has been nominated to the Derry District Policing Partnership. She is lespokesperson on North West Region Cross Border Group.

Jim RODDY Jim Roddy is Chief Executive of City Centre Initiatives (CCI) Derry. TheCCI Board is made up of senior representatives from Derry City Council,the Department for Social Development, Ilex, and other private-seccompanies. Jim grew up in Derry in the 1960s and 1970s, left the city at ageseventeen because of the Troubles, but soon returned, becoming a firefighter in 1979, serving for nearly twenty years. Jim got involved with the

Derry City Football Club in 1993, where he also served in positions of Chief Executive andChairman.

Chris YATESChris Yates joined the Metropolitan Police Service in 1991 and spenttwelve years policing London, where he served as a Response InspeHaringey DCU (Tottenham), a busy London Borough with its fair share ofgun crime, vice, and drug problems. In June 2002, he transferred to thePolice Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI). He became Chief Inspector in2006 and was posted to Foyle. Chris is responsible for the day-to-day

policing of the City of Derry/Londonderry. Since taking the post he has led the engagementprocess with both Loyalist and Republican communities, previously hostile to police. This

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process has brought communities and the police closer together. Chris also sits on a numberof strategic partnerships that are working for change in the City of Derry/Londonderry.

HaifaStav Chaim AVRAHAMStav Avraham is the Chief Operational Officer of Mey Carmel Ltd. From 2006 to 2009, hewas head of the water, sewage, and draining division of the Haifa Municipality andpreviously served as head of the Industrial Engineering and Energy Division of TahalConsulting Engineers Ltd. He received a B.Sc. in Water and Soil Engineering from theTechnion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa. He teaches the Local Authorities DirectorsCourse at the University of Haifa.

Rula DEEBRula Deeb is Executive Director of Kayan, a feminist organization working in the ArabIsraeli community. Kayan, which means Being in Arabic, was established by and for Arabwomen living in Israel. The founders of Kayan came together through their sharedexperience as women who are minority citizens of Israel and members of an oftenpatriarchal Arab society. Kayan works on two levels reaching out to individuals tochange attitudes about women and intervening at the community and institutional levels tochange conditions for Palestinian women and girls.

Fathi MARSHOODFathi Marshood is Director of Shatil Haifa, New Israel Funds capacity-building arm. He specializes in organizational consultation in general andIsraeli Palestinian affairs in particular. The New Israel FundsEmpowerment and Training Center for Social Change Organizations inIsrael was established in 1982 to provide NGOs with consulting andtraining in organizational development, advocacy, media and public

relations, coalition building, and resource development. With headquarters in Jerusalemand branches in Beer Sheva, Haifa, and the Triangle, Shatil promotes community organizingas a primary strategy for social change.

Ariella VRANESKIAriella Vraneski is a research associate at the Center of Urban and Regional Studies at the

Technion, Israeli Institute of Technology. Her research interests include alternative disputeresolution, citizen participation, and environmental planning. She wrote the thesis, PublicParticipation and the Israeli Planning and Building Law in 1985 with A. Churchman as co-supervisor. She received the Mifal HaPaiis grant.

Edna ZARETZKY-TOLEDANOEdna Zeretsky-Toledano, a Jewish counselor and social worker in Haifa,has made Arab-Jewish relations her career. She has been working for overtwenty years as a consultant on intragroup relations, including work withsuch groups such as Beit HaGeffen: The Jewish-Arab Cultural Center inHaifa. Zeretsky-Toledano holds an M.A. in Sociology from HaifaUniversity and a B.A. in Education, Sociology, and Anthropology. She

teaches on issues of multiculturalism, JewishArab relations, and gender equality. As an

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active feminist she developed empowerment programs for women and has served as Chairof Isha L'isha-Feminist Center of Haifa. Since 2003 she has been a member of Haifa CityCouncil.

JerusalemFuad ABU-HAMED

Fuad Abu-Hamed, a resident of Tsur Baher, is the chairperson of theAlquds Dialog Center and a businessman and a social activist. The DialogCenter Jerusalem (a nongovernmental and nonprofit association) is aPalestinian Jerusalem-based organization that works to persuade theestablishment that collaborative efforts with the residents will assist theprovision of services. On the other hand, for the residents, they help clarify

the distinction between collaborative efforts and accepting the occupation and cooperwith its me

ating

ssages.

Aharon BEN-NOUNAharon Ben-Noun is the Director of the Municipality of Jerusalem's PublicBuilding Department and one of the Jerusalem Inter-Cultural Center'sfounders. Aharon holds a B.A. in Education and Geography. He is marriedand the father of three.

Bony GOLDBERGBony Goldberg has served as the director of the Community Services Administration of Jerusalem since January 2005. Prior to the formation of the CSA, she served as the director ofthe Social Services Department. There are about 900 workers in the four departmentsproviding a wide range of services to some 57,000 families. Mrs. Goldberg oversees anannual budget of 570 million Israeli Shekels (~$152 million). Given the unique characteristicsof Jerusalem, the CSA actively works to provide appropriate services to all the variouscultural and religious populations in the city and to improve their standard of living. Sheholds a MSW degree from Hebrew University, a Masters degree in Criminology fromHebrew University, a B.A. in French and Sociology, and a teaching certificate in French from

Ben Gurion University.Elias Daoud KHOURY

Elias Daoud Khoury is a Jerusalem-based Arab-Israeli lawyer. Hespecializes in real property law. Elias made appeals several times to theSupreme Court of Israel and has had Palestinian politicians among hisclients in Israeli courts. He is the father and son of terrorism victims. Eliasgained fame in the 1970s when he led a legal battle against the Israelisettlers of Sebastia and Elon Moreh. Elias Khoury was born in the Galilee.

His father lost the family land to Israel in the 1948 war, took citizenship in Israel, andbelieved he could work patiently through Israeli law to get the land back. Elias studied lawat the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and lived in the Beit Hanina and Shuafatneighborhoods of Jerusalem. He has a practice in Jerusalem.

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Tal KLIGMANTal Kligman is a group facilitator and a project office director. Shespecializes in the fields of dialogue, multi-cultural communication,participatory democracy, coalition building, and conflict management. Sheruns workshops and training in East and West Jerusalem for professionalsand residents from diverse sociological and cultural backgrounds. She isworking in the Jerusalem Inter-Cultural Center, Merchavim The Institute

for Advancement and Shared Citizenship and the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Tal has adegree in Special Education and Education Policy and Management from the HebrewUniversity and a group facilitator diploma from the Zippori Center in Jerusalem.

Kaduna

Adam LAWALImam Adam Lawal was born Adam Abubakar Lawal in 1958 at the town of Soba in Zaria ofKaduna State, Nigeria. A devout Muslim, he started his Islamic school at the age of five andafter graduation, commenced primary school education at the age of fifteen. Imam AdamLawal is a civil servant and a political office holder on secondment with the state. He isHausa by tribe and speaks English. Imam Lawal is married with children. His hobbiesinclude hunting and swimming.

John Joseph HAYABReverend John Joseph Hayab is the State Secretary of the ChristianAssociation of Nigeria. He played a critical role in the resolution of theethno-religious crisis experienced in the past in the state. He is alsocurrently the Chief Executive Officer of Christian Awareness Initiative ofNigeria (CHAIN).

Ahmed MAKARFIHis Excellency Ahmed Mohammed Makarfi was elected governor ofKaduna State in 1999 and won a second four-year term in 2003. He iscurrently a Senator in the Nigerian Senate representing Kaduna NorthSenatorial District. He became a member of the Board of Trustees at theInstitute for Peace and Conflict Resolution in Abuja as well as its Director ofFinance and Administration. He is a member of the ruling People'sDemocratic Party (PDP). Makarfi started his working career at the Nigeria

Universal Bank, where he rose to the rank of Assistant General Manager. In 1994, he wasappointed to the Kaduna State Executive Council as Honorable Commissioner of Financand Economic Planning before returning to the

e

er of five children.

private sector. He holds a B.S. degree inAccounting and an M.S. degree in Accounting and Finance from Ahmadu Bello Universityin Zaria. Makarfi is married and the fath

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Umar Tahir TAHIRTahir Umar Tahir, born 1970, hails from Zaria L.G. of Kaduna State,Nigeria. He graduated from Barewa College Zariain and obtained adiploma in Sharia and Civil Law and an advanced diploma in BusinessManagement and a B.A. with the Houdegbe North American UniversityBenin. He is currently undertaking a Law degree with ABU Zaria. Tahserved as Special Assistant (2003-04) and Senior Special Assistant (2004-to the Executive Governor of Kaduna State. He is presently a special adviserto the Governor of Kaduna State on Pilgrims and Islamic Matters. Tahir has

served in various capacities on Hajj Operation and Islamic Committees at the local and statelevels (1996-2010). He has earned several national and international awards and

,ir

06)

ommendations.

G

n

,ls

currently holds the office of National President of the Catholic Laityouncil of Nigeria.

a of

d by

organized by the Friedrich Naumann Foundation heldAmman, Jordan, December 2008.

i

incial

kuk organized by the Friedrich Naumann Foundationeld in Amman, Jordan, in December 2008.

c John Woje BA U

Sir John Woje Bagu, born in 1953 in Kaduna State, is married with six

children and is a Catholic Christian by faith. He holds a B.A. in Educationand an M.A. in Education in Administration and Planning. He has been aeducationist with the State as teacher, senior master, vice principal, andprincipal. He was posted to the Zonal Headquarters in 1992 and held thepositions of assistant director, deputy director, and zonal director. In 2006he became pioneer Director/Chief Executive of the State Private Schoo

Board. In May 2009, he was appointed Permanent Secretary. Sir John is a Knight of theCatholic Church andC

KirkukAwad Moham d Mohamad AMEEN

Awad M. Mohamad Ameen was born in Kirkuk in 1962. He is a memberthe leadership committee of the Kurdistan Toilers Party, and his currentposition is as a member of the Kirkuk Provincial Council. He has a B.A. inEnglish and his languages are Kurdish, Arabic, Persian, and English. Hisactivities include: Conference of Iraqi Local Leadership organized by theUN in Turkey in 2005; training courses on strategic planning organize

the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) in 2007; workshop on the Kirkuk dispute held inAmman in May 2008 organized by the Friedrich Naumann Foundation; workshop ongovernance arrangements in Kirkukin

ASSIAbdullah Sami Assi was born in Kirkuk in 1964. He was educated at amilitary science college. His language is Arabic. His political affiliation isindependent. His current position is as a member of the Kirkuk ProvCouncil. His activities include: conference of Iraqi Local Leadershiporganized by UN in Turkey in 2005; workshop on governance

arrangements in Kir

Abdullah Sam

h

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Mohammed Ku

ionnd Higher Education Committee. His political party is Independent.

K

s;rrigation. His political party is KDP.

a

on strategic planning organized by Research Triangle Institute (RTI) in

n

Naumann Foundation;workshop on Governance arrangements in Kirkuk also organized by Friedrich Naumann

, Jordan December 2008.

md is

cialHe serves on the Hiring and DeBaathification committee. His

l affiliation is with the Islamic Union for Iraqi Turkmen.

dur KHARABMohammed Kudur Kharab graduated with a B.A. degree in MilitaryScience. He is a member of the Kirkuk Provincial Council, KPC Block. Heserves on the Hiring and De-Baathification Committee and the Educata

HORSHEEDSherzad Adil Khorsheed graduated from the Teachers Institute. He is amember of the Kirkuk Provincial Council, KPC Block. He serves on thefollowing committees: Article 58 and the Victims of Policies and Processe

Sherzad Adil

Ethnic Cleansing; Agriculture and I

Silvana Boya NASIRSilvana Boya Nasir was born in Kirkuk in 1968. She graduated from theCollege of Economy and Administration of the University of Baghdad in1988. Her languages are Chaldean, Assyrian, Arabic, and English. She ismember of the Assyrian National Party and her current position is as amember of Kirkuk Provincial Council. Activities include training courses

2007.

Hasan Turan Bahaulddin SAEEDHasan Turan Bahaulddin Saeed was born in Kirkuk in 1962. He attendedthe College of Agriculture. His languages are Turkmani, Arabic, andKurdish. He is deputy chairman of Al-Adalah Turkmani Party, and heholds a position as a member of the Kirkuk Provincial Council. Hisactivities include: Conference of Iraqi Local Leadership organized by UN iTurkey in 2005; Kirkuk conference in Turkey in 2007; workshop on Kirkuk

dispute held in Amman in May 2008 organized by Friedrich

Foundation held in the Dead Sea

Tahsin Moha med Ali WALITahsin Mohammed Ali Wali has a diploma in Electrical Engineering ancurrently a student of Law. He is a member of the Kirkuk ProvinCouncil.politica

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Mitrovica

Arban ABRASHIArban Abrashi works with the World Bank, offering support to the Ministryof Local Government Administration, Pristina, where he works on publicand community relations. He has also served as project manager Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo Public Administration International,offering support to the Office of the Prime Minister. He received anContemporary European Studies from the University of Sussex and a B.A.

in Political Sciences and Public Administration from the University of Pristina. Hislanguages include spoken and written English, Albanian, and Serbian.

M.A. in

etworks, and platforms.

V

the

Momilo ARLOVMomcilo Arlov was born in Glina, Republic of Croatia. He is a student ofsocial work and social policy, University of Mitrovica north, and he isenrolled at the London School of Economics and Political Sciences. Since July 1999 he has been a resident of Mitrovica north. He has worked with theNorwegian Church Aid (NCA) responsible for administration anddistribution of humanitarian aid, and he managed communications and

assistance to the so called enclave settlements within Mitrovica. From March 2000 toAugust 2006, Arlov was a programmer officer with the United Nations Childrens Fund(UNICEF) Kosovo Office.

Sadri FERATISadri Ferati was born in Mitrovica in 1957. He graduated from the

University of Pristina. In 1997, he was elected a member of Parliament inKosovo. In 2004, he was appointed director of the Cultural Center RexhepMitrovica. Ferati was elected CEO of the municipality of Mitrovica in 2005.In the elections of the Assembly of the Democratic League of Kosovo held in January 2007, he was elected vice president of the LDK branch in Mitrovica.

In 2008, he was appointed Minister of Local Government Administration in the Governmentof Kosovo. Minister Ferati speaks Albanian, Serbian, and English.

Valdete IDRIZIValdete Idrizi is director of the multiethnic nongovernmental organizationCommunity Building Mitrovica (CBM), a local NGO that seeks to bridgethe divide between the different communities living in the Mitrovicaregion. In 2008, she won the International Women of Courage Award forEurope for her work and dedication to the people and peace in Mitrovica.She is also a member of the Citizens Pact for Southeast Europe,

Foundation for Democratic Initiative, Kosovo Pro Peace Coalition, Kosovo InitiativeProgram, and Anti Corruption Movement COHU, and various other organizations,n

I Oliver Ivanovi has held the position of State Secretary in the Ministry forKosovo and Metohija, Government of the Republic of Serbia since 2008. Hewas a member of the Provisional Commission for Kosovo established bySerbian Parliament following elections in October 2000. Since 2001, Mr.

Oliver IVANO

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Ivanovi has been a member of the Coordination Center for Kosovo and Metohijaestablished by the Government of the Republic of Serbia and the State Union of SerbiaMontenegro. He has been a member of the Kosovo Parliament, elected in November 2001the first parliamentary elections; member of the Presidency of Kosovo Parliament; memberof Commission for Foreign Cooperation; member of Social Democratic Party (SDP), and VicePresident of the party. He graduated from the advanced technical school in Mitro

andin

vica andom the Faculty of Economics at University of Pristina.

O

active member of Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS), one of the largest oppositionarties in Serbia.

E

s

a

al Assembly. In the 2001 and 2004 elections he was electeds a Kosovo Assembly Member.

O

vica

ry

al

bly.

unicipal coalition and serves as a mediator between political parties at the local level.

fr Ljubia PETR VI

Ljubia Petrovi was born in 1960 in Mitrovica. He studied Law andAdministration at the University of Pristina. Mr. Petrovi has been Directorof General and Legal Affairs in the SIMEX Company in Srbica/Sknderajand Executive Director of DIJAMANT Company in Mitrovica, one of thelargest export import service companies in Kosovo. As a community workerand promoter of positive social values, Mr. Petrovi is a member of the

Board of Association of Musicians of Kosovo and Metohija UNIJAM. He is the foundingmember of the International Jazz & Blues Festival in Mitrovica. Since June 2008, Mr. Petrovihas held the position of Deputy President of the Kosovska Mitrovica Municipal Assembly.He is anp Bajram REXH PI

Bajram Rexhepi is the Minister of Internal Affairs for the government of theRepublic of Kosovo. He was previously the mayor of Mitrovica, and he wathe first elected postwar Prime Minister of Kosovo. He is a member of thelargest political party in Kosovo, the Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK). Hereceived his medical degree from the University of Pristina and worked asdoctor for many years. During wartime he joined the Kosovo Liberation

Army (KLA) as a field doctor. In the first local elections in October 2000, he was elected as amember of the Mitrovica Municipa Dragan SPAS JEVI

Dragan Spasojevi graduated from the University of Pristina as a civilengineer. From 2000 to 2008 he was a civil engineer for Kosovska MitroMunicipality. From 2008 to the present, he has been head of the UrbanPlanning Department. Since 2003 he has been a member of the AdvisoBoard for Mitrovica a body established by United Nations KosovoAdministration (UNMIK) to establish a link between the separate municip

authorities. In 2008 he initiated the Citizens Movement for Kosovska Mitrovica a localpolitical party with a focus on improving the quality of life of citizens in Mitrovica. In theelection in May 2008, the Movement won two out of thirty seats at the municipal assemWith its two delegates, the Movement contributed to the establishment of an existingm

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MostarO

o at therative literature and History of Art. Anja grew up in Mostar.

V

,

aculty of Economics in Mostar in 1984. olakovi is a

M

r for the Cooperation with NGOs and Religious Communities of the

e received her degree from the Faculty of Journalism at the University

E

Finearajevo in 2010, Department of Product Design, where she won two awards. Mela is

a native of Mostar.

JEVIAnja Bogojevi is a project manager and curartor for the Abart art production

that functions within the Abraevi Youth Cultural Center. The main projectthat they are currently working on is called Art in Divided Cities, and it isimplemented in cooperation with organizations Studio Beirut from Beirut andCommunity Development Centre from Kosovska Mitrovica. She recentlyfinished her studies at the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajev

Anja BOG

Departments of Compa

ISenita olakovi is employed by the Mostar City Administration in theDepartment for Social Affairs of the Secretariat for Education, EducationYouth, and Sports as an advisor to business education. She received her

egree from the F

Senita OLAKO

dnative of Mostar

IProfessor Sabina Memi has been an employee of the Mostar CityAdministration since 1996. She holds the position of Senior Independent

ffice

Sabina ME

OMostar City.

Anita IMUNOVIAnita imunovi is employed by the Mostar City Administration. She holds the position ofHigher Professional Assistant for the Non-Governmental and Youth Organizations issues ofhe city of Mostar. Sht

of Mostar in 2001. Mela ZULJ VI

Mela Zuljevi is a co-founder of the Abart art production that functions withinthe Abraevi Youth Cultural Center. Mela works as the project coordinator

and designer for the program. The main project that they are currently workingon is called Art in Divided Cities, which involves theoretical research on thephenomenon of divided city and the production of artistic practices that dealwith divisions in urban public space. This project is carried out in cooperationwith partner organizations from Kosovska Mitrovica and Beirut, as well as

with a group of artists and activists from Berlin. She graduated from the Academy ofArts in S

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NicosiaMustafa AKINCI

Mustafa Ak nc was born in Limassol, Cyprus, in 1947. He is an architect by

profession. At the age of twenty-four he was elected to the ConstituentAssembly of Turkish Cypriots, which was established after the events of1974. At twenty-eight, he was elected Mayor of Nicosia (North) by theTurkish Cypriot residents of the northern half of Nicosia. He was reelectedtwice and served for fourteen years. Between 1999 and 2001 he was Deputy

Prime Minister and Minister for Tourism in the Turkish Cypriot Government. He has been amember of the Turkish Cypriot Parliament for the last fifteen years.

Tolga CAGAKANTolga Cagakan is Municipal Councilor of Nicosia Turkish Municipality andis also the Assistant General Manager of Cyprus Vak f Bank Ltd. He was amember of the Board of Directors of Cyprus Turkish Banks Association(2006-2008) and a member of Board of Directors of TMSF (FDIC of N.Cyprus) from 2006 to 2008. Cagakan was born in Nicosia in 1967. He holdsan M.A. in Business Administration.

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Lellos DEMETRIADESLellos Demetriades was the Mayor of Nicosia for thirty years from 1971 to2001. From 1960 to 1970 he was a member of the House of Representativesof the Republic of Cyprus and served as Clerk of the House and chairmanof a number of committees. From 1966 to 1970 he was the floor leader (inthe House) of the Government majority party the Patriotic Front aserved as the Greek Cypriot member in the Joint Committee. During 1961

and 1963 he participated in the sessions of the Consultative Assembly. Up to 2001, he was amember of the Permanent Conference (now called the Congress) of Local and RegionalAuthorities of the Council of Europe and served as the Chairman of its Cultural Committeefor four years; he is now an honorary member of the Congress.

Mehmet HARMANCIMehmet Harmanc is the co-Project Manager of EngageDo Your Part for Peaceproject at the Management Centre in North Cyprus. He is responsible fordirecting all internal control reviews and special projects in the civil society and

reconciliation program. He works closely with UNDP advisors and writesweekly columns as part of the project for theHalkin Sesi newspaper. Harmancgraduated from Liverpool John Moores University in 2001 with an M.A. in

European Studies and Politics. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party anUndersecretary General of the party from 2008-2010 and is currently president of theNicosia district.

Panos HARTSIOTISPanos Hartsiotis has been a board member of the NGO Support Center since itscreation in 1999. He has a B.A. general degree and a Masters in Public ServiceManagement. He is trained in conflict resolution techniques and transformative

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mediation. He is a retired civil servant having reached the position of SeniorCustoms and Excise Officer.

Kostas MAVRIDESKostas Mavrides was born and raised in Nicosia. Mavrides studied accounting and workedas an accountant in big firms in Cyprus for ten years until he established his own tradingcompany. During that time he was involved in Cyprus Politics. After the Turkish Invasionin Cyprus in 1974, he was even more actively involved in the politics of his country as one ofthe senior officers of the governing party in Cyprus at that time (Democratic Party). Since1996 he has served in the City Council of Nicosia. This is his third consecutive term as a citycouncilor and as the leader of the Democratic Partys Nicosia Council Team.

Katerina PAPADOPOULOUKaterina Papadopoulou is a Researcher for Cyprus 2015, a dialogue and public opinionresearch initiative implemented by the Joint Programme Unit for United Nations

Interpeace Initiatives (JPU), and supported by UNDP-Action for Cooperation and Trust andthe European Commission Representation in Cyprus. Katerina has facilitated meetings withGreek Cypriot displaced persons, which discussed issues of property restitution and return.She has also co-facilitated bi-communal stakeholder panels, promoting dialogue betweenstakeholders from both communities about their views on solving security, governance, andproperty issues. She also worked forPolitis, a Greek language newspaper in Cyprus. Shegrew up in Nicosia.

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City Profiles

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City Profile

BELFAST

Belfast is the capital of and the largest city in Northern Ireland, with a population of about267,500. Belfast is a center for industry, the arts, higher education, business, and law inNorthern Ireland. The city suffered greatly during the period of disruption, conflict, anddestruction called the Troubles, but more recently has undergone a sustained period ofcalm, free from the intense political violence of former years, and substantial economic andcommercial growth.The colonization of Ireland, a predominantly Catholic country, began in the 1640s whenAnglo-Protestants and Scotch Presbyterians began to settle in what is today much ofNorthern Ireland. Belfast became a substantial settlement in the 17th century during the

time of the Plantation of Ulster.In the 18th and 19th centuries, Belfast was one of the cities at the coalface of the IndustrialRevolution and emerged as Irelands preeminent industrial city. Industries thrived,including linen, rope-making, tobacco, heavy engineering, and shipbuilding, and at the endof the 19th century, Belfast briefly overtook Dublin as the largest city in Ireland.The Titanic was built in Belfast in 1912 at the Harland and Wolff shipyards, which becameone of the largest shipbuilders in the world, employing up to 35,000 workers in its heyday.But employment was highly discriminatory, with few Catholics employed in the industrialsector. After World War II, Shorts airplane manufacturer set up a plant in Belfast, adjacentto the shipyards and the same discriminatory practices prevailed.Belfast is a city in which segregation of Catholics, who mostly aspire to become part of aunited Ireland, and Protestants, who mostly want to stay in the United Kingdom (UK),became the determining factor in the citys social, geographical, and political landscape all reasons contributing to Belfasts long history of sectarian rioting.After Ireland was partitioned in 1921, Belfast became the capital of Northern Ireland, a self-governing province of the UK. Communal differences became more exacerbated, and boutsof sectarian violence more frequent. Catholics were discriminated against in various sectorsof employment and in housing and were denied opportunities for advancement in both thepublic and private sectors, as they were considered disloyal to Northern Ireland and loyal tothe Irish state on its southern borders.Between 1921 and 1969, all organs of government and policing remained firmly within thecontrol of the Protestant Unionist majority. Former Northern Ireland prime minister Sir James Craig famously called it a Protestant Parliament and a Protestant state (in responseto Irish Prime Minister Eamon de Valera describing Ireland as a Catholic nation).Some unionists argue that discrimination was not just caused by religious or politicalbigotry, but also was the result of more complex socioeconomic, sociopolitical, andgeographical factors. Whatever the cause, the existence of pervasive discrimination and themanner in which the resultant nationalist anger was handled were major contributingfactors to the Troubles. In the latter part of the 1960s, Catholics, under the umbrella of theNorthern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA), organized mass demonstrationsdemanding their full rights as citizens of the UK. These demonstrations became the triggerthat unleashed violent political unrest, which was at its worst between 1968 and 1994.

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In the 1970s, Belfast was the scene of bombings at public places, and bore the brunt of thekillings in the following decades. In mixed areas, Catholics fled from those predominantlyProtestant-populated, and Protestants from those predominantly Catholic-populated. At thetime, it amounted to the largest internal displacement of a civilian population since WorldWar II. At present, West Belfast is almost entirely Catholic; East Belfast, adjacent to theindustrial centers, is almost entirely Protestant; North Belfast remains mixed.In 1969, when communal violence was at its worst, the British government sent in the armyostensibly to save Catholics from what appeared an imminent Protestant perpetratedpogrom. A peace wall was erected by the British Army, cutting streets in two andstretching across fourteen neighborhoods.Besides physical separation, the two communities continue to be divided by separate schoolsystems, sports, languages, cultures, and national aspirations.Paramilitary groups also proliferated. On the republican side, the presence of the BritishArmy resuscitated a nascent Irish Republican Army (IRA). On the Unionist/Loyalist side,

the Ulster Defense Association (UDA) and the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) were formed orrevived to protect Protestant communities from the IRA.The IRA and Loyalist paramilitary ceasefires of 1994, the Good Friday/Belfast Agreement of1998, and the St. Andrews Agreement of 2006 all brought a form of peace to NorthernIreland, a devolved Northern Ireland Assembly with 108 members, and a cross-partyExecutive. Both Irish and British identities are accorded parity of esteem: citizens maychoose their national identity. Binding decisions require concurrent majorities of Unionistsand Nationalists. Cross-border bodies handle issues common to both the Republic of Irelandand Northern Ireland. Human rights and equality are underpinned by robust legislation andstrong agencies.

Thus, the minority Catholic population gained a share of political power in NorthernIreland, and the Republic of Ireland gained a voice in Northern Irish affairs. In return,Catholics agreed that a united Ireland would require that a majority of Northern Irelandvoters give their consent. In a dual referendum held on 22 May 1998, Northern Irelandapproved the Good Friday/Belfast Agreement by a vote of 71 percent to 29 percent, and theIrish Republic by a vote of 94 percent. Since then, Northern Ireland has experienced a periodof sustained economic growth and large-scale redevelopment of the city center and thewaterfront.Northern Ireland has a population of 1.75 million people. In the late 1960s, the Protestantproportion was 60 percent and the Catholic proportion 40 percent, but in a 2001 census, theProtestant proportion was 53.1 percent and the Catholic proportion was 43.8 percent.Belfast has witnessed a similar hemorrhaging of Protestants. The city of Belfast has apopulation of 276,459 and lies at the heart of metropolitan Belfast, which has a population ofapproximately 800,000. In 1961, the Protestant population of Belfast was 63 percent; it hasfallen in every census since. The Catholic community now makes up the majority of Belfast'spopulation, with many Protestants having moved away.In 1997, Unionists lost overall control of the Belfast City Council for the first time, with thebalance of power held by cross-community Alliance Party ever since. There have been fourNationalist Lord Mayors of Belfast, two from the Social Democratic and Labour Party(SDLP) and two from Sinn Fin. Alex Maskey, an avowed Republican and senior member of

Sinn Fin - then regarded as being the political arm of the IRA was elected Lord Mayor

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in 2002. He was the first Catholic elected to the office. The political tumult that it incited tookseveral years of collective political psychotherapy to arrest.After ten years of peace, Belfast is more segregated than ever. Since the Good Friday/BelfastAgreement, more peace walls have been erected, now numbering 82 across the city. None

are coming down. Much hatred remains.In January 2010, the Consultative Group on the Past, a commission set up in 2007, publishedthe Eames Bradley Report on best ways of dealing with the past. Among itsrecommendations is a Legacy Commission, which would sit for five years and be headed byan international commissioner. Its remit would cover (a) helping society toward a sharedand reconciled future through a process of engagement with community issues arising fromthe conflict through the Reconciliation Forum; (b) reviewing and investigating historicalcases; (c) conducting a process of information recovery; and (d) examining cases linked to orthematic cases emerging from the conflict. On 12 April 2010, the Westminster governmentformally devolved policing and justice powers to the Northern Ireland Assembly.

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City Profile

BEIRUT

Beirut is the capital and largest city of Lebanon with a population of over 2.1 million as of2007. The population of Beirut holds 75 percent of the urban population of Lebanon. Locatedon a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's coastline with the Mediterranean Sea, Beirutserves as the country's largest and main seaport and also forms the Beirut MetropolitanArea, which consists of the city and its suburbs. The first mention of this metropolis is foundin the ancient Egyptian Tell el Amarna letters, dating to the 14th century BCE, and the cityhas been continuously inhabited since.There a

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