GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg boishishto… · 2 Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg 2 cKvkK nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb...

Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg

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hyev‡qi Avjx hvC

Abyev` : Avngv`yj−vn

nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k

www.ahlehadeethbd.org

2 2 Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg

cÖKvkK nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k bI`vcvov, ivRkvnx-6203 nv.dv.ev. cÖKvkbv- 54

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Ahlehadeeth ekti boishishtogoto nam by Zubair Ali Zai, Translated into Bengali by Ahmadullah. Published by: HADEETH FOUNDATION BANGLADESH. Nawdapara, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Ph. & Fax : 88-0721-861365. Mob. 01770-800900. E-mail : [email protected].



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weMZ cÖvq †ò nvhvi eQi hver c„w_exi wewfbœ cÖv‡š— wewfbœ bv‡g GB Av‡›`vjb cwiPvwjZ n‡q Avm‡Q| hv wK¡qvgZ ch©š— Ae¨vnZ _vK‡e BbkvAvj−vn| weMZ kZvãx‡Z cvwK¯—v‡bi KivPx‡Z ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ bv‡g GKwU ¶z ª `j m~iv n‡¾i 78 AvqvZwUi Ace¨vL¨v K‡i GK bZzb wdrbvi Rb¥ †`q| hvi wfwË‡Z Zviv ÔgymwjgÕ e¨ZxZ ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ mn Ab¨vb¨ mKj êwkó¨MZ cwiPq‡K we`ÔAvZ AvL¨v †`q| mv¤úªwZK eQi¸wj‡Z Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gymjgvb‡ì g‡aÏ welqwU wb‡q †ek weåvwš— cwijw¶Z n‡”Q| A‡b‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ‡K cÖPwjZ `jv`wjg~jK wdiK¡vmg~‡niB GKwU wdiK¡v wnmv‡e a‡i wb‡q‡Qb| A_P GUv GKwU AÁZvcÖm~Z aviYv gvÎ|

cÖK…Zc‡¶ ÔAvnjyj nv`xQÕ Qvnvev‡q †Kivg I mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi hyM †_‡K P‡j Avmv GKwU êwkó¨MZ I cwiwPwZg~jK bvg| hv GKwU we‡kl AvK¡x`v I ixwZ-c×wZi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i| mv‡_ mv‡_ wkiK I we`ÔAvZcš’x‡ì †_‡K my úó cv_©K¨‡iLv wba©viY K‡i|



Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g hy‡M hLb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx wdiK¡vi Rb¥ nqwb, ZLb gymjgvb‡ì c„_K †Kvb cwiwPwZi cÖ‡qvRb wQj bv| wKš‘ 37 wnRixi ci hLb wewfbœ wdiK¡vi Rb¥ nq, ZLb we`ÔAvZx‡ì wecix‡Z weï× AvK¡x`v I Avg‡ji AbymvixMY ÔAvnjyj nv`xQÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ nb| AvRI we`ÔAvZx wdiK¡vmg~n i‡q‡Q| ZvB Zv‡ì wecix‡Z ÔAvnjyj nv`xQÕ ev ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ bvgI i‡q‡Q| AZGe GB êwkó¨MZ bv‡g AvcwËi †Zv †Kvb cÖkœB I‡V bv, eis †¶Îwe‡k‡l Acwinvh©| bB‡j Aï× I weï× GKvKvi n‡q hv‡e|

cvwK¯—v‡bi L¨vZbvgv gynvwÏQ kvqL hyev‡qi Avjx hvC GB weåvwš—

`~ixKi‡Y ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ GK wQdvZx bvgÕ �� wk‡ivbv‡g D`~©‡Z GKwU ÁvbMf© cy —K iPbv K‡ib| m¤cÖwZ M‡elYv gvwmK ÔAvZ-ZvnixKÕ cwÎKvq D³ cyw¯—KvwUi e½vbyev` 9 wKw¯—‡Z (GwcÖj-wW‡m¤i 2015) cÖKvwkZ nq Ges h‡_ó RbwcÖqZv jvf K‡i| AZtci ¸i“Z¡ we‡ePbvq Avgiv †mwU‡K c„_K MÖš’vKv‡i cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM wb‡qwQ|

bexb Abyev`K Rbve Avngv`yj−vn cy¯—KwU D`~© †_‡K evsjvq Abyev` K‡i‡Qb Ges Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ-Gi M‡elYv mnKvix Rbve b~i“j Bmjvg GwUi m¤úv`bv K‡i‡Qb| AZtci gvbbxq cÖavb cwiPvj‡Ki nv‡Z cwigvwR©Z n‡q eBwU cÖKvwkZ nÕj| Avgiv Zuv‡ì mevB‡K Avš—wiK abëv` Rvbvw”Q Ges Zuv‡ì Bn‡jŠwKK I cvi‡jŠwKK Kj¨vY cÖv_©bv KiwQ| GB mv‡_ cÖKvkbv mswk−ó mK‡ji Rb¨ Avj−vn iveŸyj Avjvgx‡bi ìev‡i DËg cvwi‡ZvwlK Kvgbv KiwQ|

eBwU hw` ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ bvgKiY m¤‡Ü evsjvfvlx cvVK-cvwVKv‡ì weåvwš— `~ixKi‡Y mg_© nq, Z‡eB Avgiv Avgv‡ì kªg ¯v_©K e‡j g‡b Kie| Avj−vn iveŸyj Avjvgxb Øx‡b n‡Ki cÖPvi I cÖmv‡i Avgv‡ì GB ¶z ª cÖ‡Póv Keyj Ki“b- Avgxb!

mwPe nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k



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kvqL hyev‡qi Avjx hvC-Gi msw¶ß Rxebx nv‡dh hyev‡qi Avjx hvC (int) mgmvgwqKKv‡ji GKRb ¶YRb¥v gynvwÏQ| cvwK¯—v‡bi cvÄve cÖ‡`‡ki Av‡UvK †hjvi HwZnvwmK nvhv‡iv Znwm‡ji cxi`v` MÖv‡g 1957 mv‡ji 25 †k Ryb wZwb Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 1008 wLªóv‡ã GB nvhv‡iv‡ZB myjZvb gvng~ Mhbfx wn›`y ivRv‡ì wekvj evwnbx‡K civwRZ K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv nvRx gyRvÏv` Lvb (88) wQ‡jb cywjk Kg©KZ©v| whwb GLbI RxweZ i‡q‡Qb|

wk¶vRxeb : 1972-75 mv‡j wZwb GK Avn‡jnv`xQ AvZ¥x‡qi mvwbœ‡a¨ G‡m Avn‡jnv`xQ AvK¡x`v MÖnY K‡ib| AZtci mvaviY wk¶vq K‡jR-wek¦we`¨vj‡qi MwÊ AwZµg Kivi ci 23 eQi eq‡m wZwb Bmjvgx ÁvbvR©‡b cÖe„Ë nb Ges 1983 mv‡j cvÄve wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K BmjvwgK ÷vwW‡R gv÷vm© wWMÖx jvf K‡ib| AZtci 1990 mv‡j ¸RivbIqvjvi cÖwm× Avn‡jnv`xQ gvìvmv ÔRv‡gÔAvÔ gynv¤§vw`qvÕ †_‡K K…wZ‡Z¡i mv‡_ dv‡iM nb| G mgq nv`xQ kv‡¯¿i Dci Zuvi we‡kl AbyivM Rb¥ †bq Ges nv`x‡Qi ZvLix‡Ri Dci we‡kl `¶Zv AR©‡bi gvb‡m Avj−vgv e`xDÏxb wmÜx (int)-Gi mvwbœ‡a¨ wZwb K‡qK eQi AwZevwnZ K‡ib| AZtci 1994 mv‡j wZwb cvÄve wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K Aviex mvwn‡Z¨ cybivq gv÷vm© wWMÖx AR©b K‡ib| wZwb gvZ…fvlv ckZzmn D`~©, Aviex, Bs‡iRx I MÖxK fvlvq cvi`kx© wQ‡jb| wZwb Aíwe¯—i dvimxI Rvb‡Zb| Kg©Rxeb : Kg©Rxe‡bi ïi“‡Z wKQz Kvj wZwb GKwU MÖxK Rvnv‡hi bvweK wnmv‡e PvKzix K‡iwQ‡jb| †mmgq wZwb we‡k¦i A‡bK †`k md‡ii AwfÁZv AR©b K‡ib Ges we‡klZt MÖxK I Bs‡iRx fvlvq cÖf~Z `¶Zv AR©b K‡ib| Kg©Rxe‡b wZwb wKQzw`b mvi‡Mvavi GKwU gvìvmvq wk¶KZv K‡ib| AZtci wd‡i Av‡mb wbR MÖv‡g Ges wbR evox‡ZB ÔgvKZvevZzh hyevqwiqvÕ bv‡g GKwU wekvj jvB‡eªix M‡o †Zv‡jb| GLv‡bB wZwb nv`xQ M‡elYvq c~Y©fv‡e AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡Z gb¯’ K‡ib| wbweo M‡elYvi myweav‡_© wZwb wk¶KZv ch©š— Z¨vM K‡ib| jvB‡eªix‡ZB wQj Zuvi mg¯— Kg©hÁ| B‡Zvg‡a¨ cÖwm×



cÖKvkbv ms¯’v Ô`vi“m mvjvgÕ Zuv‡K AvnŸvb Rvbv‡j wZwb cÖwZôvbwUi wiqv` Ges jv‡nvi Awd‡m cÖvq 5 eQi hver K‡qKwU M‡elYv cÖKí cwiPvjbv K‡ib| hvi g‡a¨ wQj `vi“m mvjvg †_‡K cÖKvwkZ mKj nv`xQ MÖš’ mg~‡ni ZvLixR I ZvnKxK| `vi“m mvjvg cÖKvwkZ KzZz‡e wmËvn-i GKK msKjbwU wZwb cÖvPxb cvÊyywjwci mv‡_ wgwj‡q c~Y©v½ wiwfD K‡ib|

`vi“m mvjvg †_‡K Aemi †bqvi ci wZwb cybivq wbR evwo‡Z wd‡i Av‡mb| AZtci G‡K G‡K mybv‡b AvievÔAvi c~Y©v½ ZvLixR Ges Ôgymbv` ûgvq`xÕ, ÔmxivZ Be‡b wnkvgÕ, ÔZvdmxi Be‡b KvQxiÕ, ÔwgkKvZÕ, Ôeyj~¸j gvivgÕ cÖf„wZ nv`xQ, Zvdmxi I mxivZ MÖš’ mg~‡ni ZvLixR m¤úbœ K‡ib| ZvnKxK I ZvLix‡Ri gq`v‡b Zuvi GB Ag~j¨ †L`g‡Zi Kvi‡Y Zuv‡K ÔcvwK¯—v‡bi AvjevbxÕ wnmv‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq| GZØ¨ZxZ Ô†Ìew›`qvn AvIi gybwKix‡b nv`xQÕ, Ôb~i“j AvqbvBb wd BQev‡Z ivdÔBj Bqv`v‡qbÕ, Ôwn`vqvZzj gymwjgxbÕ cÖf„wZ MÖš’ mn Aviex I D`©~ fvlvq Zuvi Ghver 45wU MÖš’ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| GQvov AcÖKvwkZ i‡q‡Q Av‡iv cÖvq 30wU MÖš’| Zuvi wKQz eB Bs‡iRx‡ZI Ab~w`Z n‡q‡Q| g„Zzï c~e© ch©š— wZwb ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ bv‡g GKwU M‡elYv gvwmK cwÎKv m¤úv`bv Ki‡Zb| nv`xQ M‡elYv QvovI cvwK¯—v‡b Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖPvi I cÖmv‡i wZwb h‡_ó Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb| 1983 mv‡j wZwb hLb `vIqvZ ïi“ K‡ib ZLb Zuvi GjvKvq †Kvb Avn‡jnv`xQ wQj bv| A_P Zuvi `vIqv‡Zi eiK‡Z GLb †mLv‡b 11wU Avn‡jnv`xQ gmwR` ¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q| evnvQ-gybvhvivq wZwb wQ‡jb AwØZxq| Zvi hyw³c~Y© I `jxjwfwËK Av‡jvPbvq G ch©š— eû gvbyl Avn‡jnv`xQ n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ wZwb wkiK I we`ÔAvZ cš’x‡ì AvZs‡K cwiYZ nb|

g„Zz :

19B †m‡Þ¤i 2013 Bs wZwb wbR evwo‡Z nVvr D”P i³Pv‡c Avµvš— nb Ges †eªb †n‡gv‡i‡Ri ì“b msÁvnxb n‡q c‡ob| c‡i Zv‡K nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© Kiv nq| Ae‡k‡l `xN© 57 w`b hver A‡PZb _vKvi ci 10B b‡f¤i 2013 iweevi mKvj 7-Uvq ivIqvjwcwÊi GK nvmcvZv‡j wZwb g„Zz eiY K‡ib| g„Zz Kv‡j Zuvi eqm n‡qwQj gvÎ 56 eQi| Avj−vn Zuv‡K RvbœvZzj †di`vDm bQxe Ki“b| Avgxb!



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nv`xQ (Avn‡jnv`xQ) bv nq, Z‡e Avwg Rvwb bv Zviv KvivÕ?2

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K‡ib| Zviv Avn‡j Bjg Ges Avn‡j AvLev‡ii ms¯ú‡k© Avmvi Rb¨ md‡ii Kó mg~n eiY K‡i _v‡KbÕ|3

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3. H, c„t 112| 4. wZiwghx nv/2192; wgkKvZ nv/6283| 5. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, gvmAvjvZzj BnwZRvR wek-kv‡dC, c„t 47, mb` Qnxn| 6. Qnxn Beby wneŸvb, 1g LÊ, c„t 261, nv/61| 7. gynv¤§v` web gydwjn Avj-gvK¡‡`mx, Avj-Av`veyk kviCq¨vn Iqvj wgbvwnj gviCqvn, 1/211| 8. gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ, c„t 113|



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cÖL¨vZ Qvnvex Avãyj−vn Be‡b gvmE` (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z Av‡Q, ivm~j

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GZ dhxjZ I gh©v`vi AwaKvix nIqv m‡Ë¡I KwZcq e¨w³ Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì we‡ivwaZv Kiv, Zv‡ì‡K VvÆv-we`ªƒc, Dcnvm-cwinvm I Zz”Q-Zvw”Qj¨ Kiv‡K wb‡R‡ì ˆcwÎK AwaKvi g‡b K‡i| m¤¢eZ GB mKj Avn‡jnv`xQ we‡ivax‡ì D‡Ïk¨ K‡iB Bgvg Avngv` web wmbvb

Avj-IqvwmZ¡x (int) gš—e¨ K‡i‡Qb, 0@� ;dC(7�ef@�;DC�F% ;(C�H��;� S8@P Fg;�C�;� ;6FG@�C�@�;TN�� 7WCG7�h Ô`ywbqv‡Z Ggb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx †bB, †h Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì

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9. wZiwghx nv/484; Qnxn Beby wneŸvb nv/911; wgkKvZ nv/923; Qnxn ZviMxe nv/1668

mb` nvmvb wjMvqwiwn| 10. Qnxn Beby wneŸvb nv/911| 11. gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ nv/6, mb` Qnxn|



Bgvg nv‡Kg (int) e‡jb, ÔAvwg me©Î hZ we`ÔAvZx I bvw¯—K †c‡qwQ, mK‡jB ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ Z_v Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K Zvw”Q‡jï `„wó‡Z †`LZ Ges Zv‡ì‡K wbK…ófv‡e ÔnvkwfqvÕ bv‡g m‡¤vab KiZÕ|12

A_P Avgiv Zv‡ì‡K eySv‡Z PvB †h, 9i ��!� WG�6 j OP� k�� WG� �6�TU 5#?�� 5"?� �6�T/� ÔAvn‡jnv`xQMYB bexi cwievi| hwÌ Zviv mivmwi Zuvi mvnPh© jvf K‡ibwb, Z_vwc Zviv Zuvi k¦vm-cÖk¦v‡mi (nv`x‡Qi) mv‡_ Av‡QbÕ|

Av‡jvP¨ MÖš’wU kvqL nv‡dh hyev‡qi Avjx hvC iwPZ GKwU PgrKvi MÖš’| G‡Z êwkó¨MZ bvg ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ-Gi wei“‡× DÌvwcZ hveZxq cÖkœ, AvcwË I mgv‡jvPbvi Reve `vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| `jxj-cÖgvYvw` Dc¯’vc‡bi `„wó‡KvY nÕ‡Z GwU GKwU mviMf© I Abb¨ MÖš’| hvi cÖwZwU K_vB `jxjhy³ I m~Îmg„×| Avj−vn gynZvivg nv‡dh Qv‡ne‡K my v¯’ I `xN©vqy `vb Ki“b Ges Zuvi Øviv G ai‡bi ÁvbMf© I M‡elYvg~jK KvR Kwi‡q wbb- Avgxb!

-nv‡dh bv`xg hnxi nvhv‡iv, Av‡UvK, cvwK¯—vb 12B kvÔevb, 1433 wnRix|

12. H, c„t 115|



13 13

Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU êwkó¨MZ bvg Ges Gi cwiwPwZ gymjgvb‡ì A‡bK ¸YevPK bvg i‡q‡Q| †hgb gywgb, Bev`yj−vn (Avj−vn&i ev›`v), wnheyj−vn (Avj−vn&i `j)| Z`ªƒc Qvnvev, Zv‡eCb, Zv‡e Zv‡eCb, gynvwRi, AvbQvi BZ¨vw` bvgmg~n| wVK †Zgwbfv‡e HmKj ¸YevPK bvg mg~‡ni g‡a¨ ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ I ÔAvn‡j mybœvZÕ DcvwaØq ÔLvqi“j KziƒbÕ ev me©‡kªô hyM nÕ‡Z mve¨¯— i‡q‡Q| gymjgvb‡ì gv‡S Dfq ¸YevPK Dcvwai eënvi wbwØ©avq cÖPwjZ Av‡Q| eis Gi êaZvi c‡¶ gymwjg D¤§vn&i BRgv i‡q‡Q|

ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Ges ÔAvn‡j mybœvZÕ `yÕwU mgv_©‡evaK ¸YevPK bvg| hvi Øviv Qnxn AvK¡x`v m¤úbœ gymjgvb‡ì A_©vr mvnvh¨ I bvRvZcÖvß `‡ji cwiPq cvIqv hvq|

ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ GB ¸YevPK bvg Ges wcÖq Dcvwa Øviv `yB †kªYxi Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gymjgvb D‡Ïk¨|

K. m¤§vwbZ gynvwÏQMY| L. Zv‡ì Abymvix Avg RbZv, hviv nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i Avgj K‡i _v‡K|

cÖ_g cÖKvi m¤ú‡K© ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) gynvwÏQMY‡K ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|13

Bgvg BqvnBqv web mvC` Avj-K¡vËvb GKRb ivex cÖm‡½ e‡j‡Qb, wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb bv|14

cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, ïaygvÎ nv`xQ eY©bvKvix‡ì‡KB Avn‡jnv`xQ ejv nÕZ bv| eis Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ nv`xQ eY©bvKvix Z_v gynvwÏQMY‡KI Avn‡jnv`xQ ejv nÕZ|

GK RvqMvq nv‡dh Beby wneŸvb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì 3wU AvjvgZ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb : 13. Beby Zvqwgqvn, gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv, 4/95| 14. Bgvg eyLvix, AvZ-ZvixLyj Kvexi 2/429; Avj-Rviû IqvZ-ZvÔ`xj, 6/303|



K. Zviv nv`x‡Qi Dci Avgj K‡ib| L. Zviv mybœvZ Z_v nv`x‡Qi cÖwZi¶vq wb‡qvwRZ _v‡Kb| M. Zviv mybœvZ we‡ivax‡ì g~‡jvrcvUb K‡ib|15 Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwm× `ykgb Ges hv‡K Zv‡K Kv‡di AvL¨v `vbKvix Lv‡iRx RvgvÔAvZ ÔRvgvAvZzj gymwjgxb †iwR÷vW©Õ-Gi cÖwZôvZv gvmE` Avngv` weGmwm cwi®‹vifv‡e wj‡L‡Qb, AvgivI gynvwÏQMY‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ e‡j _vwK|16

eZ©gv‡b RxweZ †Ìe›`x Av‡jg‡ì ÔBgvgÕ L¨vZ midivh Lvb Qdì MvLo–fx wj‡L‡Qb, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ ej‡Z H mg¯— e¨w³ D‡Ïk¨, hviv nv`xQ msi¶Y I Abyave‡b Ges nv`xQ Abymi‡Y cÖej AbyivMx|17 AZtci midivh Lvb `xN© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q gš—e¨ K‡i‡Qb, ÔG‡Z cÖZxqgvb nq †h, whwb nv`x‡Qi Bjg nvwQj K‡i‡Qb, Zv msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ †Póv K‡i‡Qb Ges nv`xQ ZvnKxK K‡i‡Qb, Zv‡KB Avn‡jnv`xQ ejv nq| PvB †m e¨w³ nvbvdx, gv‡jKx, kv‡dC wKsev nv¤jx †nŠK| GgbwK †m hw` kxÔAvI n‡q _v‡K, Z_vwc †m Avn‡jnv`xQ|18

GB Dw³‡Z Lvb Qv‡ne gynvwÏQMY‡K ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ wZwb kxÔAv Ges Ab¨‡ì‡KI Avn‡jnv`xQ wnmv‡e ¯xK…wZ w`‡q‡Qb, hv `jx‡ji wfwË‡Z G‡Kev‡iB evwZj Ges wfwËnxb| GB wel‡q mvg‡b Av‡jvPbv Avm‡Q BbkvAvj−vn| hyM we‡ePbvq gynvwÏQM‡Yi K‡qKwU RvgvÔAvZ ev `j i‡q‡Q| h_v :

1. Qvnvev‡q †Kivg (ivt) :

nvRx Gg`v yj−vn gynvwR‡i gv°xi Ljxdv I Rv‡gÔAv wbhvwgqv, nvq`vivev‡ì cÖwZôvZv AvbIqvi“j−vn dviƒKx dhxjZ R½ wj‡L‡Qb, ÔcÖ‡Z¨K Qvnvex (ivt) Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb| †Kbbv nv`xQ kv‡¯¿i m~Pbv 15. Qnxn Beby wneŸvb, Avj-Bnmvb, nv/6129; Ab¨ GKwU Kwci nv`xQ bs 6162| 16. Avj-RvgvÔAvZzj K¡v`xgvn †e RIqv‡e Avj-wdiK¡vZzj Rv`x`vn, c„t 5| 17. Z¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivn, c„t 38; Avj-Kvjvgyj gydx`, c„t 139| 18. Z¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivn, c„t 39|



15 15

Zuv‡ì Avgj †_‡KB ïi“ n‡q‡Q| KviY Zuviv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi KvQ †_‡K nv`xQ MÖnY K‡i mivmwi D¤§‡Zi Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q w`‡q‡Qb| myZivs Zv‡ì Avn‡jnv`xQ nIqvi e¨vcv‡i †Kvb m‡›`n †bB|19

GLv‡b K…ZÁZv ¯iƒc D‡j−L¨ †h, nvK¡xK¡vZzj wdK¡n MÖš’wU K¡vix Avãyj K¡vBq~g hnxi Avgv‡K Dcnvi w`‡q‡Qb| Avj−vn Zv‡K DËg wewbgq `vb Ki“b|

†Ìe›`x‡ì cÖwm× Av‡jg Ges eû MÖš’ cÖ‡YZv gynv¤§v` Bìxm KvÜjfx jv‡nvix wj‡L‡Qb, ÔmKj QvnvexB †Zv Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb| wKš‘ Avn‡j ivqMYB drIqv cÖ vb Ki‡Zb| cieZ©x‡Z Avnjyi ivq DcvwawU Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (int) Ges Zvi wkl¨‡ì‡K cÖ vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| H hy‡Mi mKj Avn‡jnv`xQ Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (int)-†K Avnjyi ivq‡ì Bgvg Dcvwa‡Z f‚wlZ K‡i‡Qb|20

GB Dw³ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (int)-Gi mg‡qI Avn‡jnv`xQMY we`¨gvb wQ‡jb|

2. Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Zv‡eCb, Zv‡e Zv‡eCb I cieZ©xMY :

kxÔAv I we`ÔAvZx‡ì‡K K‡qKwU Kvi‡Y ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ ejv fyj I evwZj| †hgb :

cÖ_gZ : Qnxn nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q †h, ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ me© v weRqx _vK‡e...| D³ nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg eyLvix, Bgvg Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx Ges Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j mn Ab¨vb¨ gynvwÏQ BgvgMY e‡j‡Qb, Z¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivn n‡”Q ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ|21

myZivs Ggb K_v ejv †Kej evwZjB bq, eis Pig åóZv †h, kxÔAv Ges we`ÔAvZxivI mvnvh¨cÖvß `‡ji Aš—f©y³| 19. nvK¡xK¡vZzj wdK¡n (KivPx : B`vivZzj KyiAvb Iqvj Dj~g Avj-Bmjvwgqv), c„t 2/228| 20. BRwZnv` AvIi ZvK¡jx` Kx †e-wgQvj ZvnKxK (cwðg cvwK —vb : Bjgx gviKvh

AvbviKjx jv‡nvi), c„t 48| 21. `ªt gvmAvjvZzj BnwZRvR wek-kv‡dC, c„t 47; wZiwghx nv/2229; Bgvg nv‡Kg,

gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ, nv/2|



wØZxqZ : Bgvg Avngv` web wmbvb Avj-IqvwmZ¡x (int) e‡j‡Qb, ;dC(7�@�C�@�;TN�� 7WCG7� Fg;�C�;� ;6FG;� S8@P ef@�;DC�F% ;(C�H�� 0@� Ô`ywbqv‡Z Ggb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx †bB †h Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i bvÕ|22

GB g~jëvb Dw³ Øviv ¯cóZ eySv †Mj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ Ges Avn‡j we`ÔAvZ wfbœ wfbœ `j|

Z…ZxqZ : Bgvg kv‡dC (int) e‡j‡Qb, @-;TCU7� C�% c�F ;. FlC�7�;. �7[@P ;'S ;# ;� @5C(7 ;� m�� 0S ;U En@�E�� FlC�7�;. Cn�7\7Q7� @�C�@�;TN�� o(;�h ÔAvwg hLb †Kvb

ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ‡K †`wL ZLb †hb ivm~j (Qvt)-†KB Rxeš— †`wLÕ|23 A_©vr Avn‡jnv`xQM‡Yi gva¨‡gB bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi `vIqvZ RxweZ i‡q‡Q|

G¶‡Y ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Øviv hw` kxÔAv I we`ÔAvZx‡KI eySv‡bv nq, Z‡e wK Bgvg kv‡dC (int) kxÔAv, gyÔZvwhjv, Rvnwgqv, gyiwRqv Ges n‡iK iK‡gi we`ÔAvZx‡ì‡K †`‡L Avbw›`Z nÕ‡Zb?

PZz_©Z : Avngv` web Avjx jv‡nvix †Ìe›`x ¯xq Ôgvjd~hvZÕ-G wj‡L‡Qb, ÔAvwg K¡v‡ìx (Avãyj K¡v‡ì wRjvbx-Gi ZixKv) Ges nvbvdx| Avn‡jnv`xQMY K¡v‡ìxI bq, nvbvdxI bq| wKš‘ Zviv Avgvi gmwR‡` Pwj−k eQi hver QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Avm‡Q| Avwg Zv‡ì‡K n‡Ki Dci cÖwZwôZ g‡b KwiÕ|24

D³ Dw³ †_‡K cuvPwU welq mve¨¯— n‡q‡Q :

1. Avn‡jnv`xQMY n‡Ki Dc‡i cÖwZwôZ Av‡Qb|

2.ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Qnxn AvK¡x`v m¤úbœ gymjgvb‡ì Dcvwa| GRb¨ kxÔAv I Ab¨vb¨ `j mg~n ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ bq| Zviv †Zv Avn‡j we`ÔAvZ-Gi Aš—f©y³|

22. gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 4| 23. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ nv/85| 24. gvjd~hv‡Z Z¡vB‡qevn c„t 115; Ab¨ GKwU ms¯‹i‡Yi c„t 126|



17 17

3. ïay gynvwÏQMY‡KB ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ ejv nq bv| eis gynvwÏQM‡Yi Abymvix mvaviY RbMY‡KI ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ ejv nq| bZyev gynvwÏQM‡Yi †Kvb RvgvÔAvZwU jv‡nvix Qv‡n‡ei gmwR‡` Pwj−k eQi hver QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb?

4. gvbyl hw` nvbvdx ev K¡v‡ìx bvI nq, Z_vwc †m Avn‡j nK Z_v nKcš’x nÕ‡Z cv‡i|

5. Rbve midivh Lvb KZ©…K kxÔAv‡ì‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ MY¨ Kiv evwZj|

GgwbZ‡iv AmsL¨ D×„wZ i‡q‡Q hvi Øviv G K_v cÖgvwYZ †h, gynvwÏQ †nŠK wKsev nv`x‡Qi Abymvix mvaviY RbZv †nŠK, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Øviv ÔAvn‡j mybœvZÕ Z_v Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gvbyl D‡Ïk¨| Avi we`ÔAvZxiv Av‡`Š ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Dcvwa‡Z kvwgj bq| eis Zviv †Zv ÔAvn‡jnv`x‡QiÕ cÖwZ †Kej we‡ØlB †cvlY K‡i _v‡K|

wØZxq welqwU A_©vr gynvwÏQM‡Yi Abymvix Ges nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i AvgjKvix mvaviY RbZvi e¨vcv‡i e³e¨ nÕj, KwZcq †jvK G AccÖPvi Pvwj‡q _v‡Kb †h, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Øviv †Kej m¤§vwbZ gynvwÏQMY D‡Ïk¨, Gi Øviv mvaviY RbZv D‡Ïk¨ bq| †mKvi‡Y GB †jvK‡ì AccÖPv‡ii Rev‡e wekwU D×„wZ †ck Kiv nÕj :

(1) AmsL¨ nKcš’x Av‡jg †hgb Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j, Bgvg Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx, Bgvg eyLvix cÖgyL ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ-†K mvnvh¨cÖvß `j wnmv‡e ¯xK…wZ cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb|

Gi Av‡jv‡K e³e¨ nÕj †Kej gynvwÏQMYB Ômvnvh¨cÖvß `j, Zv‡ì mvaviY AbymvixMY bb| A_ev ïay gynvwÏQMY Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡ì AbymvixMY Rvbœv‡Zi evB‡i ùvwo‡q _vK‡ebÕ Ggb aviYv ïay evwZjB bq, eis Bmjv‡gi mv‡_ VvÆv-gkKivi kvwgj|

(2) nv‡dh Beby wneŸvb ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡`Õi m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb †h, ÔZviv nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i Avgj K‡ib, nv`xQ msi¶Y K‡ib Ges nv`xQ



we‡ivax‡ì g~‡jvrcvUb K‡ibÕ|25 Avi GUv ¯Ztwm× †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ mvaviY RbMYI nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i Avgj K‡i _v‡Kb|

(3) Bgvg Avey vE` (int)-Gi cyÎ Bgvg AveyeKi e‡j‡Qb, ÔZzwg H †jvK‡ì Aš—f©y³ n‡qv bv, hviv wbR Øxb wb‡q †Lj-Zvgvkv K‡iÕ| (hw` Zzwg Øxb‡K Zvw”Qj¨Kvix‡ì Aš—fy©³ nI) ZvnÕ‡j Zzwg Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K e¨½-we`ªƒc I mgv‡jvPbvi Zx‡i we× Ki‡e|26

G Dw³ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, hviv Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì m¤ú‡K© ev‡R gš—e¨ K‡ib, Zviv Øxb‡K wb‡q Zvgvkv K‡ib| A_v©r Zviv we`ÔAvZx| Avi GUvI wèv‡jv‡Ki b¨vq cwiù~U †h, we`ÔAvZxiv ïay gynvwÏQM‡Yi mv‡_B kÎ“Zv †cvlY K‡i bv; eis Zviv nv`x‡Qi Abymvix Avg RbZvi cÖwZI Pig we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i _v‡K|

Avgxb DKvoex †Ìe›`x ÔMv‡qi gyK¡vwj−‡ì cwiPqÕ wk‡ivbv‡g wj‡L‡Qb, ÔwKš‘ †h e¨w³ BgvgI bq, gy³v`xI bq Z_v †ebvgvhx| KL‡bv †m Bgvg‡K Mvwj †`q Avevi KL‡bv gy³vwì mv‡_ SMov evavq- Giƒc e¨w³ Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− Õ|27

Avevi Ab¨ ¯’v‡b DKvoex wj‡L‡Qb, ÔGRb¨B †h hZ eo Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− n‡e, †m ZZ eo †eAvè I Af`ª n‡eÕ|28

DKvoex Av‡iv wj‡L‡Qb, cÖwZwU Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− e¨w³B Ôwb‡Ri ivq wb‡q Me©‡evaKvixÕ-Gi cÖwZK…wZ| Avi ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi fvl¨vbymv‡i Ggb †jvK‡ì Rb¨ (Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− ‡ì) ZIevi ìRv eÜ|29

GB e³e¨ Ges Abyiƒc Ab¨vb¨ e³‡eï Kvi‡Y ZvKjx`cš’x‡ì Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wei“‡× ÔMv‡qi gyK¡vwj− Õ kã eënvi Kiv G‡Kev‡iB evwZj I cwiZ¨vR¨| 25. Qnxn Beby wneŸvb nv/6129; Ab¨ GKwU ms¯‹i‡Yi nv`xQ nv/6162| 26. Bgvg AvRyix©, Avk-kvixÔAvn c„t 975| 27. ZvRvwj−qv‡Z Qdì 3/377| 28. H, 3/590| 29. H, 6/164|



19 19

(4) Bgvg Avngv` web wmbvb Avj-IqvwmZ¡x (int) e‡j‡Qb, `ywbqv‡Z Ggb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx †bB †h Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i bvÕ|30

Avi GUv my úó †h, cÖ‡Z¨K Avn‡jnv`xQ Z_v gynvwÏQ, Av‡jg I nv`x‡Qi Abymvix mvaviY gvbyl‡ì cÖwZ mKj we`ÔAvZxB we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i _v‡K Ges bvbvwea D™¢U bv‡g †hgb ÔMv‡qi gyK¡vwj− Õ ejvi Øviv Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì mv‡_ gkKiv K‡i _v‡K|

(5) nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int) ¯xq cÖwm× ÔK¡vQx`v‡q b~wbqvnÕ‡Z wj‡L‡Qb, ÔI‡n Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlYKvix Ges Mvwj cÖ vbKvix! Zywg kqZv‡bi mv‡_ eÜyZ¡ I mL¨Zv Movi mymsev` MÖnY K‡ivÕ|31

GUv Avcvgi Rbmvavi‡YiI Rvbv Av‡Q †h, cÖ‡Z¨K KÆi we`ÔAvZx, RvgvÔAvZ wnmv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi mv‡_ kÎ“Zv iv‡L Ges Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jg †nŠK wKsev mvaviY RbZv †nŠK Zv‡ì‡K g›` bv‡g Wv‡K|

(6) nv‡dh Beby KvQxi (int) Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì GKwU dhxjZ D×„Z K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÔKwZcq mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb GB AvqvZwU (eYx

BmivCj 17/71) m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, @-;TCU7\@� pq;�;� F�;�NZ7� �7K;G SO7\@� @�C�@�;TN�� F'FJ;%;%@PS ;U H0@�E�� ;'S ;# ;� @5C(7 ;� m�� 0 ÔGwU Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi Rb¨ me‡P‡q eo

dhxjZ| †Kbbv Zv‡ì Bgvg n‡”Qb ¯qs ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)|32

†hgwbfv‡e gynv¤§v` (Qvt) gynvwÏQM‡Yi Bgv‡g Avhg (gnvb Bgvg), Z`ªƒc wZwb mvaviY Avn‡jnv`xQM‡YiI Bgv‡g Avhg| GUv †Kvb jy‡KvPzwi K_v bq; eis Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì L¨vwZgvb evM¥x I mvaviY e³v‡ì Av‡jvPbv †_‡KI GUv my có| 30. gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ, c„t 4| 31. K¡vQx`v‡q b~wbqvn c„t 199| 32. Zvdmxi Be‡b KvQxi 4/164|



(7) nv`x‡Qi wfwË ( �� 1�6]�" ) L¨vZ Bgvg BmgvCj web gynv¤§v` Avj-dhj Avj-BQdvnvbx (int) Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi cÖm‡½ e‡j‡Qb, ÔGivB wK¡qvgZ ch©š— n‡Ki Dc‡i weRqx _vK‡eÕ|33

G‡Z cÖgvwYZ nq †h, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ ej‡Z gynvwÏQ Ges nv`x‡Qi Abymvix mvaviY RbZv Dfq‡KB eySv‡bv nq| Avi G `jwU wK¡qvgZ ch©š— cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡MB we`¨gvb _vK‡e| GRb¨ gvmE` Avngv` Qv‡n‡ei wb‡æv³ e³e¨wU AMÖnY‡hvM¨| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÔgynvwÏQMY †Zv gviv †M‡Qb| eZ©gv‡b †Zv H mKj †jvK RxweZ i‡q‡Qb, hviv Zuv‡ì MÖš’ mg~n †_‡K bKj K‡i _v‡KbÕ|34

(8) Ave~ BmgvCj Avãyi ingvb web BmgvCj AvQ-Qve~bx e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQMY GB AvK¡x`v †cvlY K‡ib Ges GK_vi mv¶¨ †`b †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv mvZ Avmgv‡bi Dc‡i ¯xq Avi‡ki Dc‡i Av‡QbÕ|35

gynvwÏQx‡b †Kivg †nŠK wKsev Zuv‡ì Abymvix mvaviY RbMY †nŠK mevi GUvB AvK¡x`v †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avi‡ki Dc‡i mgybœxZ Av‡Qb Ges wZwb ¯xq mËvq me©Î weivRgvb bb| eis Zuvi Ávb I kw³ mewKQz‡K †eób K‡i Av‡Q|

(9) Ave~ gvbQ‚i Avãyj K¡v‡ni web Z¡v‡ni Avj-evM`v`x wmwiqv I Ab¨vb¨ mxgvš— AÂ‡ji Awaevmx‡ì m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, @WCG7� @r;GNK;% 07 ;� C'FJs 9Z@�EH"�� @WCG7� C�@% @�C�@�;TN�� ÔZviv mK‡jB Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i i‡q‡QÕ|36

(10) kvqLyj Bmjvg nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int)-nv`x‡Qi Dci AvgjKvix mvaviY †jvK‡ì‡KI ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ wnmv‡e AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb|37 33. Avj-û¾vn dx evqvwbj gvnv¾vn 1/246| 34. Avj-RvgvÔAvZzj K¡v`xgvn c„t 29| 35. AvK¡x`vZzm mvjvd AvQnveyj nv`xQ c„t 14| 36. DQ‚jy Øxb c„t 317| 37. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 4/95|



21 21

(11) Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (int) e‡j‡Qb, Avgvi wbK‡U H e¨w³B Avn‡jnv`xQ, whwb nv`x‡Qi Dci Avgj K‡ib|38 (12) m~iv eYx BmivC‡ji 71 Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq RvjvjyÏxb myq~Zx (int) gš—e¨ K‡i‡Qb, Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Rb¨ Gi †P‡q AwaK dhxjZc~Y© Avi †Kvb e³e¨ †bB| †Kbbv ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e¨ZxZ Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Avi †Kvb Bgv‡g AvÔhg ev eo Bgvg †bB|39

(13) ikx` Avngv` jywaqvbex †Ìe›`x wj‡L‡Qb, cÖvq wØZxq Z…Zxq wnRix kZ‡K nKcš’x‡ì gv‡S kvLv-cÖkvLvMZ gvmAvjv mg~‡ni mgvavbK‡í m„ó gZ‡f‡ì †cÖw¶‡Z cuvPwU gZev` cÖwZwôZ nq, Pvi gvhnve I Avn‡jnv`xQ| ZrKvjxb mgq nÕ‡Z A`¨vewa D³ cuvPwU ZixKvi g‡a¨B nK mxgve× i‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b Kiv nq|40

D³ e³e¨ Øviv wZbwU welq cwi®‹vifv‡e mve¨¯— nq|-

K. ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ n‡Ki Dci i‡q‡Q| L. ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Øviv gynvwÏQx‡b †Kivg Ges Zv‡ì Abymvix Avg RbZv Df‡qB D‡Ïk¨|

M. Pvi gvhnve e¨wZ‡i‡K cÂg `j nÕj ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ| GRb¨ midivh Lvb Qd`‡ii gZvbymv‡i nvbvdx I Ab¨‡ì‡K ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ MY¨ Kiv fyj|

(14) Avngv` Avjx jv‡nvixi GB e³e¨wU c~‡e©B ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb e‡j‡Qb, Avn‡jnv`xQMY K¡v‡`wiqv ZixKvi AbymvixI bb, nvbvdxI bb| Z‡e Zviv Avgvi gmwR‡` Pwj−k eQi hver QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Avm‡Q| Avwg Zv‡ì‡K n‡Ki Dci cÖwZwôZ e‡j g‡b Kwi|41

Avngv` Avjx jv‡nvixi e³e¨ Øviv GwU G‡Kev‡iB cwi®‹vi †h, †mªd gynvwÏQMYB Avn‡jnv`xQ bb| eis Zv‡ì Abymvix mvaviY †jvKI Avn‡jnv`xQ| 38. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, Avj-Rv‡gÔ 1/44| 39. Zvìxeyi ivex 2/126, 27Zg cÖKvi| 40. Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv 1/316| 41. gvjd~hv‡Z Z¡vB‡qevn c„t 115; cyivbv ms¯‹i‡Yi c„t 126|



(15) †Ìe›` gvìvmvi cÖwZôvZv gynv¤§v` K¡v‡mg bvb~Zzexi cm›`bxq MÖš’ Ôn°vbx AvK¡v‡q‡` BmjvgÕ MÖ‡š’ Avãyj nK n°vbx †`njfx e‡j‡Qb, kv‡dC, nv¤jx, gv‡jKx, nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei AbymvixMY Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi Aš—f©y³| Avi Avn‡jnv`xQMYI Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi Aš—f©y³|42

GB e³‡e¨ †hgbfv‡e nvbvdx, kv‡dC, nv¤jx, gv‡jKx bvg¸wj Øviv Zv‡ì Avg RbZv‡KI eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| wVK †Zgwbfv‡e D³ e³‡e¨ ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Øviv gynvwÏQx‡b †Kiv‡gi mvaviY Abymvix‡ì‡KI eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

(16) gydZx †KdvqvZzj−vn †`njfx (†Ìe›`x) GKwU cÖ‡kœi Rev‡e wj‡L‡Qb, Ônu v, Avn‡jnv`xQMY gymjgvb Ges Avn‡j mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi Aš—f©y³| Zv‡ì mv‡_ we‡q-kv`xi eÜ‡b Ave× nIqv Rv‡qh| ïay ZvK¡jx` eR©b Kiv‡Z Bmjv‡g †Kvb hvq Av‡m bv| GgbwK ZvK¡jx` eR©bKvix e¨w³ Avn‡j mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ nÕ‡ZI †ei n‡q hvq bvÕ|43

GB drIqv I c~‡e©v³ (13 bs) drIqv Øviv ¯úó nÕj †h, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Avn‡j mybœv‡ZiB Aš—f©y³ Ges nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i AvgjKvix mvaviY †jvK‡ì‡KI ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Dcvwa‡Z f‚wlZ Kiv m¤ú~Y© mwVK|

(17) PZz_© wnRix kZvãxi BwZnvmwe` (kvgmyÏxb) wekvix gvK¡‡`mx (g„t

375 wnt) gvbQ‚ivi (wmÜyi) Awaevmx‡ì m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, C'FGF�7bNZ7�p�C�@�;� F-;TCU7� ÔZv‡ì AwaKvsk Avn‡jnv`xQÕ|44

Avi hyw³i wbix‡L GwU cÖZxqgvb nq †h, †m mgq wmÜy cÖ‡`‡ki mKj Awaevmx gynvwÏQ wQ‡jb bv| eis Zv‡ì g‡a¨ gynvwÏQM‡Yi Abymvix eû mvaviY †jvK wQ‡jb|

42. n°vbx AvK¡v‡q‡` Bmjvg c„t 3| 43. wKdvqvZzj gydZx 1/325| 44. AvnmvbyZ ZvK¡vmxg wd gvÔwidvwZj AvK¡vjxg c„t 481|



23 23

(18) Bkviv‡Z dix`x A_©vr ÔgvK¡vexmyj gvRvwjmÕ MÖ‡š’ D‡j−L Av‡Q †h, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQM‡Yi Bgvg nhiZ K¡vhx gynv¤§v` web Avjx kvIKvbx Bqvgvbx (int) ÔmvgvÕ (m½xZ)-Gi Dci GKwU cÖvgvY¨ cyw¯—Kv wj‡L‡Qb| cyw¯—KvwUi bvg ÔBeZ¡vjy `vÔIqv BRgvÕ (BRgv `vexi AmviZv)| D³ eB‡q wZwb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvY K‡i‡Qb †h, ÔmvgvÕ Rv‡qh|45

D³ e³‡e¨ ¯xKvi K‡i †bqv n‡q‡Q †h, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ A_© wn›`y —vb mn Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki mvaviY Avn‡jnv`xQMY| Avi Aewkó e³e¨ m¤ú‡K© `yÕwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq wb‡æ Zz‡j aiv nÕj :

cÖ_gZ : kvIKvbx mg¯— Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi ÔBgv‡g AvhgÕ bb| eis Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi Bgv‡g Avhg nÕ‡jb wek¦bex gynv¤§v` (Qvt)| kvIKvbx †Zv cieZ©x weØvbM‡Yi ga¨Kvi GKRb weØvb wQ‡jb|

wØZxqZ : hw` ÔmvgvÕ Øviv K¡vIqvjx, Mvb-evRbv Ges ev`¨hš¿ m¤wjZ msMxZ D‡Ïk¨ nq, ZvnÕ‡j Qnxn nv`xQ Abyhvqx Zv nvivg| Abyiƒcfv‡e wkiKx-we`ÔAvZx KweZv cvV KivI nvivg|

(19) †Ìe›`x gydZx gynv¤§v` AvbIqvi Q~dx Avãyj nvgx` †mvqvZx KZ©…K cÖYxZ Ôbvgv‡h gvmb~bÕ MÖ‡š’i f‚wgKvq wj‡L‡Qb, wbtm‡›`‡n nvbvdx gvhnve Abymvix‡ì ¯xq gvhnv‡ei mZ¨Zvi Ges AvwZ¥K cÖkvwš—i Rb¨ Ôbvgv‡h gvmb~bÕ-GKwU c~Y©v½ MÖš’| 837 c„ôvi D³ MÖ‡š’ Qvjv‡Zi hiƒix welqvejx wek`fv‡e wjwce× Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avgvi g‡Z G MÖš’wU cvV Kiv ïay nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei cÖwZwU Bgvg I LZ¡x‡ei Rb¨B DcKvix bq| eis mvaviY nvbvdx‡ì RbÏ DcKvix| GgbwK D`vi Avn‡jnv`xQ e¨w³‡ì RbÏ D³ MÖš’Lvwb Av‡jvKewZ©Kv ¯iƒc n‡e BbkvAvj−vn|46 D³ Dw³‡Z gynv¤§v` AvbIqviI nv`x‡Qi Abymvix mvaviY e¨w³‡ì‡K ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Dcvwa‡Z f‚wlZ K‡i‡Qb|

45. Bkviv‡Z dix`x c„t 156| 46. bvgv‡h gvmb~b f~wgKv `ªt|



(20) gynv¤§v` Igi bvgK GK KÆi †Ìe›`x wj‡L‡Qb, mvaviY Avn‡jnv`xQM‡Yi wbK‡U Avgv‡ì webxZ wb‡e`b GB †h, Avcbv‡ì‡K GB mZ¨ †_‡K ewÂZ †i‡L Avcbv‡ì wPš—vMZ k~b¨Zv G‡b †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| mvaviY Avn‡jnv`xQMY GUv †f‡e _vK‡eb †h, Avn‡j mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi Aš—fy©³ nvbvdxMY †Kb Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jg‡ì wKZve¸‡jvi Dc‡i Avgj K‡ib bv?47

GB kVZvc~Y© Dw³‡ZI mvaviY Avn‡jnv`xQ RbMY‡K ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ e‡j †g‡b †bIqv n‡q‡Q|

Dwj−wLZ 20wU D×„wZ ¯Z‚c †_‡K †bIqv GKwU gywó gvÎ| bB‡j G¸wj e¨ZxZ Av‡iv eû D×„wZ gIRy i‡q‡Q|

KwZcq e¨w³ wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ ¯v‡_©i Rb¨ wb‡R‡K ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ e‡jb bv| eis Zviv wb‡R‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ e‡j cwiPq w`‡Z j¾v‡eva K‡ib Ges wewfbœ bv‡g cwiwPZ nIqvi †Póv K‡i _v‡Kb| Avevi †KD †KD Mv‡qi Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì we‡ivwaZvi Kvi‡Y ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ bvg ej‡Z fq cvb| Avevi †KD wb‡R‡K ÔAvn‡j Qnxn nv`xQÕ BZ¨vw` e‡j wek¦vm Kiv‡Z †Póv K‡i _v‡Kb| G ai‡bi KvR-Kvievi I QjPvZzwi åvwš— ê wKQzB bq| nKcš’x‡ì êwkó¨MZ bvg mg~‡ni g‡a¨ Avn‡j mybœvZ, Avn‡jnv`xQ, mvjvdx, AvQvix BZ¨vw` A‡bK my›ì my›ì Dcvwa i‡q‡Q| Z‡e Gm‡ei g‡a¨ ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ bvgwUB me©‡kªô| G bvgwUi Rv‡qh nIqvi e¨vcv‡i mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi BRgv i‡q‡Q| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn|

mg‡qi Awbevh© `vex nÕj mKj ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ Av‡jg I Avn‡jnv`xQ Avg RbZv ci¯úi HKë× n‡q hvK| mg¯— gZv‰bK¨‡K we`vq Rvwb‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi SvÊv‡K c„w_exi ey‡K DÇxb Kivi Rb¨ g‡bcÖv‡Y m‡Pó †nvK| Agv ÔAvjvqbv Bj−vj evjvM|

47. Qz‡c ivh 4/2|



25 25

Avn‡jnv`xQ bvgwU wK mwVK? cÖkœ : Avgiv †Kb Avn‡jnv`xQ? Avgiv †Kb gymwjg bB? †Kvb Qvnvex wK Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb ev Zviv wK wb‡R‡ì bvg Avn‡jnv`xQ †i‡LwQ‡jb? `jxj Øviv my úófv‡e e¨vL¨v Ki“b †h, Avgiv †Kb Avn‡jnv`xQ? RvhvKzgyj−vn Lvqivb (Avj−vn Avcbv‡ì‡K DËg wewbgq w`b)|

G cÖkœ¸wj ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ Z_v wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi c¶ nÕ‡Z Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Qnxn eyLvixi nv`xQI Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Ges Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai|

-D‡¤§ Lv‡j`, K¨v›Ub‡g›U|

Reve : ÔgymwjgxbÕ kãwU gymwjg k‡ãi eûePb Ges me©m¤§wZµ‡g AvZ¥mgc©YKvix, AvbyMZ¨Kvix Ges eva¨ I AbyMZ e¨w³‡ì‡K gymwjg ejv nq| gymjgvb‡ì A‡bK bvg I Dcvwa i‡q‡Q| †hgb gynvwRixb, AvbQvi, Qvnvev, Zv‡eCb BZ¨vw`| GKwU Qnxn nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q, �6F�C�7�

t;6C�;�@� @�� t@KS�� F'9ZE);# ;*@)@ C"F)N�� C(@@%C$F)N��;� ;�;�@� @�� Ô†Zvgiv Avj−vn cÖ Ë bv‡g Wv‡Kv| whwb †Zvgv‡ì‡K gymwjgxb, gywgbxb Ges Bev`yj−vn (Avj−vn&i ev›`v) bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡i‡QbÕ|48

GB nv`x‡Qi mb` Qnxn| Bqvn&Bqv web Avex KvQxi ÔAvwg ï‡bwQÕ evK¨wU cwi®‹vifv‡e e‡j‡Qb|

g~mv web Lvjvd Avey Lvjvd KZ„©K BqvnBqv web Avex KvQxi m~‡Î ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, �6F�C�7� C(@)@ C"F)N��;� C'@J@A;)C#7\@� ;)@� F'FGE);# m�� E<;� SW; ;� C(@)@ C"F)N��;�

C(@@%C$F)N��;� ;�;�@� @�� E<;� SW; ;� Ô†Zvgiv gymjgvb‡ì‡K Zv‡ì bvgmg~n gymwjgxb, gywgbxb I Bev`yj−vn Øviv Wv‡Kv| †h bvg¸wj Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv †i‡L‡QbÕ|49 48. wZiwghx nv/2863; Qnxn Beby wneŸvb nv/6233, mb` Qnxn| 49. Avngv` nv/17209, nv`xQ Qnxn|



GB nv`x‡Qi mb` nvmvb wj-hvwZwn| G‡Z Avey Lvjd g~mv web Lvjvd bvgK GKRb ivex i‡q‡Qb| whwb Rgn~i gynvwÏQM‡Yi wbK‡U wek¦ —| GRb¨ wZwb mZëv`x, nvmvbyj nv`xQ|

gymbv‡` Avngv‡` (5/244, nv/23298) D³ nv`x‡Qi GKwU Qnxn kv‡n` A_©vr mg_©bg~jK nv`xQI ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| myZivs Dc‡iv³ eY©bvwU m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c Qnxn| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn|

D³ nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, gymjgvb‡ì ÔgymwjgÕ Qvov Av‡iv bvg i‡q‡Q| GRb¨ ÔAvgv‡ì bvg †mªd gymwjgÕ KwZcq †jv‡Ki GgbUv ejv fyj Ges AMÖnY‡hvM¨|

Qnxn gymwj‡gi f‚wgKv‡Z weL¨vZ Zv‡eC gynv¤§v` Beby mxixb (int)-Gi

e³e¨ wjwce× i‡q‡Q †h, F�7uCF(7� 07�@P @WCG7� @�EH"�� 9K;LC$F(7� C�@�;�C'FJ9b ÔmyZivs

Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi cÖwZ j¶¨ Kiv nÕZ| AZtci Zv‡ì nv`xQ MÖnY Kiv nÕZÕ|50

G Dw³i eY©bvKvixMY Ges Bgvg gymwj‡gi m¤§wZ‡Z Zv (Beby wmix‡bi e³e¨) Qnxn gymwj‡g gIRy i‡q‡Q| Qnxn gymwjg nvhvi nvhvi j¶ j¶ Av‡jg c‡o‡Qb| wKš‘ †KDB D³ e³‡eï mgv‡jvPbv K‡ibwb †h, gymjgvb‡ì ÔAvn‡j mybœvZÕ bvg fyj| cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, ÔAvn‡j mybœvZÕ bvgwU weï× nIqvi e¨vcv‡i gymjgvb‡ì BRgv i‡q‡Q|

GKwU Qnxn nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q †h, ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ~ivnÕ ev Ômvnvh¨cÖvß `jÕ

me© v weRqx _vK‡e| Gi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg eyLvix (int) ej‡Qb, v,� WG� ��!� A_©vr Avn‡jnv`xQMY| Zvi A_© ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ~ivnÕ Øviv Avn‡jnv`xQ D‡Ïk¨|51

50. gymwjg, Aby‡”Q`-5| 51. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, gvmAvjvZzj BnwZRvR wek-kv‡dC c„t 47, mb` Qnxn|



27 27

Bgvg eyLvixi wk¶K Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx GB nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb, � 'GWG��!� ÔZviv nÕ‡jb Avnjyj nv`xQÕ|52

Bgvg KyZvqev web mvC` e‡j‡Qb, �[P l��. W`�� rw WG� 3��!� ... 5�y� 0 � �"�� Ôhw` Zzwg †Kvb e¨w³‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv

†cvlY Ki‡Z †`L, ... (ZLb eyS‡e †h,) †mB e¨w³ mybœv‡Zi Dc‡i (Av‡Q)Õ|53

Bgvg Avngv` web wmbvb Avj-IqvwmZ¡x e‡j‡Qb, S8@P ef@�;DC�F% ;(C�H�� 0@� ;dC(7�@�C�@�;TN�� 7WCG7� Fg;�C�;� ;6FG ;�h Ô ywbqv‡Z Ggb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx †bB, †h

Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i bvÕ|54

Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (int) e‡j‡Qb, NO@P C'7� C�9Q;= @R@K;G 9�7?@AS�� 92;.6F/C;)N�� ;-;TCU7� @��@�;TN�� 7 7� [email protected]�7� C�;% C'FGh Ômvnvh¨cÖvß GB `jwU Øviv hw`

AvQnveyj nv`xQ (Avn‡jnv`xQ) D‡Ïk¨ bv nq, Z‡e Avwg Rvwb bv Zviv KvivÕ?55

nvdQ web wMqvQ Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, (�� WG� zL 'G ÔZviv ywbqvi †kªô gvbylÕ|56

Bgvg kv‡dC (int) e‡j‡Qb, Cn�7\7Q7� @�C�@�;TN�� @-;TCU7� C�% c�F ;. FlC�7�;. �7[@PS ;U En@�E�� FlC�7�;.;'S ;# ;� @5C(7 ;� m�� 0 o(;�h ÔAvwg hLb †Kvb ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ‡K

†`wL ZLb †hb ivm~j (Qvt)-†KB Rxeš— †`wLÕ|57 52. wZiwghx nv/2229; ÔwdZvbÕ Aa¨vq, Ôc_åó kvmK‡ì Av‡jvPbvÕ Aby‡”Q`; Av‡ihvZzj

AvnIqvhx, 9/74, mb` Qnxn| 53. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ nv/143, c„t 134, mb` Qnxn| 54. nv‡Kg, gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 4, mb` Qnxn| 55. H, c„t 2; Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx dvrûj evix‡Z (13/250) G‡K Qnxn e‡j‡Qb| 56. gvÔwidvZy Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 3, mb` Qnxn| 57. kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ nv/85, c„t 94, mb` Qnxn|



mZëv`x I wek¦ — gynvwÏQ Bgvg Beby KyZvqev Av`-`xbvIqvix (g„t 276 wnt) ÔZvexjy gyLZvjvwdj nv`xQ wdi ivwÏ Avjv AvÔ`vwq Avnwjj nv`xQÕ

) { D| W��\=��!� WG� }�� 0 � �� ~ ��!�( wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| GB MÖ‡š’ wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì `ykgb‡ì KwVbfv‡e Reve cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb|

GB e³e¨¸wj gynvwÏQM‡Yi gv‡S †Kvbiƒc A¯xK„wZ I AvcwË e¨wZ‡i‡KB cÖPwjZ I cÖwm× i‡q‡Q| myZivs cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ bvgwU Rv‡qh I weï× nIqvi c‡¶ BgvgM‡Yi BRgv i‡q‡Q| Avi GK_v m~h©wKi‡Yi †P‡qI my úó †h, gymwjg D¤§vn åóZvi Dci GKgZ nÕ‡Z cv‡ib bv| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, 78 F�;)C�;� m�� n@DE%9�

C�7� 7:7] @R@K;G 7�E%9\N�� 07 ;� @�7�7 EI�� ;�7� F�;�;� @�� 07 ;� �@�;�;);�N�h ÔAvj−vn Avgvi D¤§Z‡K wKsev e‡j‡Qb GB D¤§Z‡K KL‡bv †Mvgivnxi Dc‡i GKwÎZ Ki‡eb bv Ges RvgvÔAv‡Zi Dc‡i Avj−vn&i nvZ i‡q‡QÕ|58 Dc‡iv‡j−wLZ `jxjmg~n Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ Ges Avnjym mybœvn gymjgvb‡ì êwkó¨MZ bvg Ges Dcvwa| Avi GB `jwUB ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ ev mvnvh¨cÖvß `j|

Avn‡jnv`xQ-Gi `yÕwU A_©B nÕ‡Z cv‡i| 1. Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gynvwÏQx‡b †Kivg| 2. Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ mvaviY RbMY| hviv `jx‡ji wfwË‡Z gynvwÏQM‡Yi c‡_ P‡jb Ges Zv‡ì AbymiY K‡ib|59

GK_v cÖgvwYZ †h, ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ~ivnÕ Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e| †Kbbv GwU nKcš’x RvgvÔAvZ| Z‡e wK ïay gynvwÏQMYB Rvbœv‡Z hv‡eb Avi Zv‡ì Abymvix mvaviY RbMY Rvbœv‡Zi evB‡i ìRvq ùvwo‡q _vK‡eb?

myZivs cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Z¡v‡qdvn gvbQ~ivn-Gi g‡a¨ gynvwÏQMY Ges Zv‡ì Abymvix DfqB kvwgj i‡q‡Qb| ¯xq we‡eK-eyw× Øviv KyiAvb-

58. nv‡Kg nv/398, 399, 1/116, mb` Qnxn| 59. gyK¡vÏvgvZzj wdiK¡vwZj Rv`x`vn c„t 19; Beby Zvqwgqvn, gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 4/95|



29 29

nv`xQ AbyavebKvix Ges BRgv A¯xKviKvix gvmE` Avngv` (weGmwm) ZvKdxix wj‡L‡Qb, ÔAvgivI gynvwÏQMY‡K Avnjyj nv`xQ e‡j _vwKÕ| hyev‡qi Qv‡n‡ei (†jL‡Ki) D‡j−wLZ e³e¨¸wj Avgv‡ì mg_©‡b, cÖZz Ë‡i bqÕ|60

nv`xQ eY©bvKvix‡ì‡K gynvwÏQxb ejv nq| mvaviY gymjgvbMYI Rv‡bb †h, Qvnvex I Zv‡eCMY nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| myZivs cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Qvnvex I Zv‡eCMY gynvwÏQ Z_v Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb|

gvmE` Avngv‡ì Dc‡i GKwU bZzb Anx AeZxY© n‡q‡Q| wZwb D×Z Mjvq cÖPvi Pvjv‡”Qb †h, ÔgynvwÏQMY †Zv P‡j †M‡Qb| GLb †Zv H mg¯— e¨w³ RxweZ i‡q‡Qb, hviv Zv‡ì MÖš’ mg~n †_‡K bKj K‡ib gvÎÕ|61

gvmE` Avngv` Qv‡n‡ei D³ e³‡eï ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q gynZvivg fvB W. Avey Rv‡ei Av`-`vgvbfx ej‡Qb, ÔgvmE` Avngv‡ì e³‡eï mvigg© GB †h, †hfv‡e ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Dc‡i beyA‡Zi wmjwmjv eÜ n‡q †M‡Q, wVK †Zgwbfv‡e gynvwÏQM‡Yi AvMg‡bi wmjwmjvI †Kvb we‡kl gynvwÏQ e¨w³ ch©š— mgvß n‡q †M‡Q| GLb wK¡qvgZ ch©š— Avi †Kvb gynvwÏQ Rb¥ wb‡eb bv Ges eZ©gv‡b hvivB Avm‡eb Zviv ïaygvÎ c~e©eZ©x gynvwÏQM‡Yi MÖš’ †_‡K bKjKvixB n‡eb| †hfv‡e †jv‡Kiv BRwZnv‡ì ìRv eÜ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| †KD †KD eviRb Bgv‡gi c‡i Zv‡ì wmjwmjv LZg K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| gvmE` Avngv` Qv‡n‡ei g‡b nÕ‡Z cv‡i †h, Gfv‡e gynvwÏQM‡Yi AvMg‡bi avivevwnKZvI eZ©gv‡b †kl n‡q †M‡Q| wKš‘ wZwb (gvmE` Avngv`) G e¨vcv‡i †Kvb `jxj D‡j−L K‡ibwb| Zvi `„wó‡Z Bgvg‡ì e³e¨‡Zv åƒ‡¶c‡hvM¨ bq| G e¨vcv‡i wZwb wb‡Ri e³e¨‡KB `jxj wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| A_P †h e¨w³B Bj‡g nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ AvKl©Y †eva K‡ib, Zv‡K gynvwÏQM‡Yi `‡j Aš—f©y³ Kiv n‡q _v‡KÕ|62 60. Avj-RvgvÔAvZzj K¡v`xgvn ev-RvIqv‡e Avj-wdiK¡vZyj Rv`x`vn c„t 5| 61. H, c„t 29| 62. LyjvQvZzj wdiK¡vwZj Rv`x`vn c„t 55|



Qnxn eyLvixi nv`xQ, F1;<N ;= 7�;�;); C(@)@ C"F)N��;� C'FJ;%;%@P;� ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Ges Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡eÕ63 GB nv`x‡Qi AbyK‚‡j Bgvg eyLvix (int) wjwLZ Aby‡”Q` ;{C(7Z F�C%�4� �7[@P C'7� C�9Q;= >�;�;); ÔhLb RvgvÔAvZ _vK‡e bv ZLb wK Ki‡Z n‡eÕ-Gi e¨vL¨vq nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (int) e‡j‡Qb, 0;C,;)N��;� ;% V@KS�� 9W;,N?;� F' "F)N�� n@� :;�

�@��7�@DCL@q @%C� W�] O� �M;� Ff;)C @yN�� ;�7 0 C( ;Lp�7? ÔD³ nv`x‡Qi gg©v_© GB †h, GKRb Ljxdvi e¨vcv‡i HK¨g‡Zi c~‡e© gZ‡f`c~Y© cwiw¯’wZ‡Z gymjgvbMY wK Ki‡ebÕ?64 eì“Ïxb AvBbx nvbvdx wjL‡Qb, W@U;�;� �,% �;); C�ED�� 5�7� �[@P �];� q7 @DCL�

j;� �Q� �7?( ;L {(Q7� W,?� ' "F)N�� % W�] O7� �M;� f;)@DC @�� 0 � �7?( ;L ÔG Aby‡”Q‡ì mvigg© nÕj, hLb gymjgvb‡ì gv‡S gZcv_©K¨ n‡e Ges †Kvb Ljxdv _vK‡e bv, GgZve¯’vq GKRb Ljxdvi e¨vcv‡i HK¨gZ †cvl‡Yi c~‡e© gymjgvbMY wK Ki‡ebÕ?65 ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ k‡ãi e¨vL¨vq eyLvixi fvl¨Kvi Bgvg K¡vmZ¡vjvbx (int) wjL‡Qb, O6,)D� 0 � �7?( ;L ÔGKRb Ljxdvi Aax‡b HKë× e¨w³MYÕ|66

Bgvg KyiZyex (g„t 656 wnt) wjL‡Qb,

v,� : 5�� % �)D`� O6) "+� 0 � 1%P �� F� 5( � NOP� ;.; )Z 31��M= )Z� :] � �� t�L4� :3�� B�� .0 �� KG �J�FD� �% �)A� .C6;�N�� 3X�6 /�� 3X�)�� 3�J�� 3�!�� Fr;;DC�F=� 3'J(U,% 8�

O6�� J(�h 63. eyLvix nv/7084; gymwjg nv/1847; wgkKvZ nv/5382| 64. dvrûj evix nv/7084, 13/35| 65. Dg`vZzj K¡vix 24/193 ÔwdZvbÕ Aa¨vq| 66. Bikv ym mvix, 10/183|



31 31

ÔA_©vr hLb gymjgvbMY †Kvb Ljxdvi e¨vcv‡i HK¨gZ †cvlY Ki‡eb, ZLb Zvi wei“‡× we‡`ªvn Kiv hv‡e bv| hwÌ wZwb AZ¨vPvix nb| †hgbwU c~‡e© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgbfv‡e Ab¨ GKwU eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, Zzwg Zvi Av‡`k †kvb Ges Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki (hwÌ †m †Zvgvi wc‡V cÖnvi K‡i)| G nv`x‡Qi Av‡jv‡K AZ¨vPvix Bgvg Z_v kvmK‡ì mv‡_ QvjvZ, C‡ì RvgvÔAvZ, wRnv`, n¾ (cÖf„wZ) Av`vq Kiv hv‡e| Z‡e Zv‡ì cvcKvh© mg~n †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e Ges G e¨vcv‡i Zv‡ì AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hv‡e bvÕ|67

Bgvg KziZzex (int) Av‡iv e‡jb, 6 � �� WG� W!� �M,�� p��6� q6U6% �� %%�� X�M,�8 5� 3�� l%�� 0 � WZ p�� ?��+�h Ôhw`

Ávbx-¸Yx e¨w³MY †Ljvd‡Zi kZ©vejx c~iYKvix †Kvb e¨w³i wbKU evqÔAvZ MÖnY K‡ib, ZvnÕ‡j Zvi †LjvdZ Kv‡qg n‡q hv‡e Ges cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi Dc‡i Zvi we‡ivwaZv Kiv nvivg mve¨¯— n‡q hv‡eÕ|68

nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vKvi‡ì D³ fvl¨ mg~n Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ Ges Zv‡ì Bgvg Øviv †LjvdZ Ges Ljxdv D‡Ïk¨| GB e¨vL¨vi mg_©b Gi ØvivI nq †h, ûhvqdv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z Ab¨

Av‡iKwU eY©bvq G‡m‡Q †h, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, 7� NO@y C'7� C�@�;= pK@�;%C6;� C(@ ;Lc�7? C-;�CG7� 0ED;� C6F);=;X ÔZzwg hw` ZLb †Kvb Ljxdv bv cvI, ZvnÕ‡j

g„Zz Aewa cvwj‡q _vK‡eÕ|69

GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© dv‡q`v : Beby evËvj KziZyex (g„t 449wnt) e‡j‡Qb, �[y� j �Q� '� 1%P ��D�� WG� 1�#�� <�� r`�6� <D��:� � = ��?��

67. Avj-gydnvg wjgv AvkKvjv wgb ZvjLx‡Q wKZv‡e gymwjg 4/57| 68. H, 4/57-58| 69. Avey vE` nv/4247; Qnxn Avey ÔAvIqvbvn 4/476, mb` nvmvb| ivex QvLi web eì‡K

Be‡b wneŸvb I Avey ÔAvIqvbvn wQK¡vn e‡j‡Qb| Aci ivex myevBÔ Be‡b Lv‡j`‡K BRjx Ges Beby wneŸvb wQK¡vn e‡j‡Qb| G nv`xQwUi A‡bK kv‡n` Z_v mg_©K nv`xQ i‡q‡Q|



J Z ÔmyZivs hLb Zv‡ì †Kvb Bgvg (Ljxdv) _vK‡e bv Ges gymjgv‡biv `‡j `‡j wef³ n‡q hv‡e, ZLb H `jmg~n nÕ‡Z ~‡i _vKv Avek¨KÕ|70

ûhvqdv (ivt) ewY©Z D³ nv`xQ Øviv `yB †kªYxi gvbyl dv‡q`v †jvUvi †Póv K‡i‡Q|

1. H mKj †jvK, hviv ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ bv‡g GKwU Kv¸‡R `j MVb K‡i‡Q Ges GKRb mvaviY e¨w³ †mB cvwU©i †bZv e‡b †M‡Q| A_P G `jwU gymjgvb‡ì †LjvdZwfwËK RvgvÔAvZ bq Ges †mB `‡ji †bZvI Bgvg ev Ljxdv bq|

2. H mKj †jvK, hviv GKRb Kv¸‡R Ljxdv evwb‡q‡Q| hvi wbK‡U bv Av‡Q ˆmb¨, Avi bv Av‡Q †Kvb ¶gZv| GB Kv¸‡R Ljxdvi GK BwÂ gvwUi Dc‡iI †Kvb KZ©…Z¡ †bB| H Ljxdv bv †Kvb Kv‡di‡ì mv‡_ wRnv` K‡i‡Q, Avi bv †Kvb kviC `Êwewa ev¯—evqb K‡i‡Q| Zv‡K Ljxdv ejv †Ljvd‡Zi mv‡_ VvÆv Kivi kvwgj| m~iv evK¡vivi 30 Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq nv‡dh Beby KvQxi (int) wj‡L‡Qb,

@�7];� S:;�;DC#� Hn@�9BC�9MN�� FRF�C(7�;� @R@K;J@� @�;��N�� 07 ;� @-6F F� @rC/;� @�7?(@ ;�N�� 7W@/N?;(@� ;�C(;� @aE�� ;)(@� 7O69?@ ;DC�;� 3@5(@� ;�7�NM;�;� 3C'FJ;�F�;;= ;�@/;DC;�;� C'@J@%69 Nu;)@� C�@% 3C'@J@)@�7� ;'(@MF�;� 3;��F�FTN�� ;�F C<;�;� C�;� n@B;,;= @ @��;67?N��h

70. Beby evËvj, kviûj eyLvix, 10/32| [GB e¨vL¨v ågvZ¥K| †Kbbv c„w_ex‡Z me©Î me© v

nKcš’x Ljxdv _vK‡eb bv| †m Ae ’vq gymwjg D¤§vn eva¨MZfv‡e evwZjcš’x kvmK‡ì AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e| wKš‘ Bmjvgx Abykvmb cvj‡bi Rb¨ Zviv wb‡R‡ì ga¨Kvi Bmjvgx Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e| hwÌ wZwb kviC `Êwewa Kv‡qg Ki‡eb bv| †hfv‡e gv°x Rxe‡b ivm~j (Qvt) gymjgvb‡ì AvbyMZ¨ jvf K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Zv‡ì Dci kviC `Êwewa Rvix K‡ibwb| KviY GRb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq ¶gZv ZLb wZwb jvf K‡ibwb| G bxwZ mKj hy‡MB cÖ‡hvR¨| BgviZ I evqÔAvZ wenxb Rxeb wek„sLj Rxe‡bi bvgvš—i| hv‡K nv`x‡Q Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi Rxeb ejv n‡q‡Q Ges hv †_‡K wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| AZGe me©ve ’vq gymjgvb‡K GKRb kviC Avgx‡ii cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨kxj n‡q HKë× _vK‡Z n‡e|- m¤úv`K]



33 33

ÔKziZzex cÖgyL G AvqvZ Øviv Ljxdv Kv‡qg Kiv IqvwRe nIqv mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb| hv‡Z wZwb †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ wee`gvb wel‡qi dvqQvjv K‡ib Ges Zv‡ì Ø‡›Øi Aemvb NUvb| hv‡j‡gi wei“‡× gvhj~g‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib, `Êwewa ev¯—evqb K‡ib Ges hveZxq Ak−xjZv I †envqvcbv †_‡K weiZ iv‡LbÕ|71

K¡vhx Avey BqvÔjv gynv¤§v` Bebyj ûmvBb Avj-dvi©v Ges K¡vhx Avjx web gynv¤§v` web nvexe Avj-gvIqv`x©I Ljxdv nIqvi Rb¨ wRnv`, ivR‰bwZK kw³ Ges û`~ ev `Êwewa cÖ‡qvM Kivi kZ©vejx Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb|72

†gvj−v Avjx K¡vix nvbvdx (int) wjL‡Qb,

O4� *) "+� 8 �� '� �% 31%P 16M� K(?D� 3'J%Q�� %]P� 3'G�� #� 3'G.6�Y <(J�� 3'J�6(` KL�� '�]�Uh

Ôgymjgvb‡ì Rb¨ Ggb GKRb Bgvg (Ljxdv) nIqv hiƒix, whwb ûKzg-AvnKvg ev¯—evqb Ki‡eb, Zv‡ì gv‡S `Êwewa Kv‡qg Ki‡eb, mxgvš— GjvKvi †ndvhZ Ki‡eb, ˆmb¨-evwnbx cÖ ‘Z Ki‡eb Ges gvbyl‡ì wbKU †_‡K hvKvZ-Qv`vK¡v Av`vq Ki‡ebÕ|73

Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi D‡j−wLZ e³‡eï mivmwi wecixZ GKRb Kv¸‡R Ljxdv evbv‡bv, whwb wb‡Ri N‡iB kviC û`~ Kv‡q‡g e¨_© nb Ges wb‡Ri Ni-evox‡K †ndvhZ Ki‡Z m¶g nb bv, G¸wj H mg¯— †jv‡Ki KvR hviv gymwjg D¤§vn&i gv‡S `jv`wj m„wó Ki‡Z Ges evwZj gZev` mg~n‡K c„ô‡cvlKZv cÖ vb Ki‡Z Pvq|

71. Zvdmxi Be‡b KvQxi 1/204| 72. Avey BqvÔjv, Avj-AvnKvgym myjZvwbqvn, c„t 22; gvIqv`x©, Avj-AvnKvgym myjZvwbqvn

c„t 6; gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ msL¨v 22, c„t 39| 73. kviûj wdK¡wnj AvKevi c„t 146|



GKwU nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q, C�;%;� ;X;% ;dC(7�;� 0@� @5@MFF� >�;,C(;� ;X;% c�;D(@% c�E(@ @G; Ô†h

e¨w³ gviv hvq Ggb Ae¯’vq †h Zvi M`©v‡b †Kvb Bgv‡gi evqÔAvZ †bB, †m Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi g„Zy eiY KijÕ|74

G nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (int) e‡j‡Qb, V.�= % �1%�� VK�� D�) "+�O6) 5( � 'J Z :6M� :�KG 1%PR,% �KJ� 3h ÔZzwg

wK Rvb (D³ nv`x‡Q ewY©Z) Bgvg Kv‡K e‡j? Bgvg wZwbB, hvi Bgvg nIqvi e¨vcv‡i gymwjg D¤§vn HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡i‡Q| cÖwZwU †jvKB ej‡e †h, BwbB Bgvg (Ljxdv)| GUvB D³ nv`x‡Qi gg©v_©Õ|75

mvims‡¶c GB †h, Bgvg Ges RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb msµvš— nv`xQ mg~n Øviv `jxj mve¨¯— K‡i wKQz †jv‡Ki Kv¸‡R RvgvÔAvZ Ges Kv¸‡R Avgxi evbv‡bv G‡Kev‡iB åvš— Ges mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi ey‡Si mivmwi ei‡Ljvd|

wKQz gvbyl ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ bvg ï‡b R¡‡j-cy‡o g‡ib Ges mvaviY gvby‡li gv‡S GB aviYv cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z Ac‡Póv Pvjvb †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ bvgwU `jevwR| Avgiv †h‡nZz gymwjg ZvB Avgv‡`i‡K gymwjg ejvB DwPZ| †mRb¨B Avgiv mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb, gynvwÏQ Ges BgvgM‡Yi AmsL¨ `jxj †ck K‡iwQ G g‡g© †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ ejv †Kej Rv‡qhB bq; eis cm›`bxqI e‡U| Avi GUvB ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ Z_v mvnvh¨cÖvß `j|

74. Beby Avex Av‡Qg, Avm-mybœvn, nv/1057, mb` nvmvb; gymwjg nv/1851; wgkKvZ

nv/3674| 75. myIqvjvZz Be‡b nvbx c„t 185, Aby‡”Q` 2011; Lvj−vj, Avm-mybœvn c„t 81, Aby‡”Q`

10; Avj-gymbv` wgb gvmvBwjj Bgvg Avngv` Aby‡”Q`-1| M„nxZ : Avj-BgvgvZyj Dhgv Bb`v Avnwjm mybœvn Iqvj RvgvÔAvn, c„t 217|



35 35

Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU ¸YevPK bvg I BRgv mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb-Gi AvQvi nÕ‡Z wb‡gœ 50wU D×„wZ †ck Kiv nÕj| †h¸‡jvi gva¨‡g GUv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ Dcvwa I ¸YevPK bvgwU m¤ú~Y© mwVK| Avi Gi Dc‡iB BRgv i‡q‡Q|

1. eyLvix : Bgvg eyLvix (g„t 256 wnt) ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ ev mvnvh¨cÖvß `j m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, v,�9WCG7� @��@�;TN�� A_©vr Gi Øviv D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ|76 Bgvg eyLvix (int) Bqvn&Bqv web mvC` Avj-K¡vËv‡bi (g„t 198 wnt) m~‡Î GKRb ivex (eY©bvKvix) m¤c‡K© D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb, ��!� WG� �% �Q� j ÔwZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aš—fy©³ wQ‡jb bvÕ|77

2. gymwjg : Bgvg gymwjg (g„t 261 wnt) ÔgvRiƒnÕ ev mgv‡jvwPZ ivex‡ì m¤ú‡K© ej‡Qb, O6)JD% ��!� WG� �� 'G ÔZviv Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U (wg_¨vi †`v‡l) Acev`MÖ —Õ|78

Bgvg gymwjg (int) Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, 5 G�� !� rGK% �% �� ]� ÔAvgiv nv`xQ I Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gvhnve-Gi e¨vL¨v K‡iwQÕ|79

Bgvg gymwjg AvBq~e Avm-mvLwZqvbx, Be‡b AvIb, gv‡jK web Avbvm, ïÔevn web nv¾vR, Bqvn&Bqv web mvC` Avj-K¡vËvb, Avãyi ingvb web gvn`x Ges Zv‡ì c‡i AvMZ‡ì‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì g‡a¨ Aš—f©y³ ) �%��!� WG�( e‡j ¯xK…wZ cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb|80

76. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, gvmAvjvZzj BnwZRvR wek-kv‡dC c„t 47, mb` Qnxn; Avj-û¾vn dx

evqvwbj gvnv¾vn, 1/246| 77. AvZ-ZvixLyj Kvexi 6/429; Avh-hyÔAvdvDQ QvMxi c„t 281| 78. Qnxn gymwjg, f‚wgKv, c„t 6 (cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡ì Av‡M); Ab¨ Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY, 1/5| 79. H| 80. Qnxn gymwjg, f‚wgKv, c„t 22, ÔgyÔAvbÔAvbÕ nv`xQ Øviv `jxj †ck Kivi weï×ZvÕ

Aby‡”Q`; Ab¨ Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY, 1/26; Z…Zxq Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY, 1/23|



3. kv‡dC : GKwU `ye©j eY©bvi e¨vcv‡i Bgvg gynv¤§v` web Bìxm Avk-kv‡dC (g„t 204 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, 5 b% ��!� WG� l�b� 8 ÔG RvZxq eY©bv‡K Avn‡jnv`xQMY cÖgvwYZ g‡b K‡ib bvÕ|81

Bgvg kv‡dC (int) e‡j‡Qb, �\Q� ��!� -TU� �% �`. l��. �[P3(� ' #� 5( � �� 0 U k�� l��. ÔAvwg hLb Avn‡jnv`xQ-Gi †Kvb e¨w³‡K †`wL, ZLb †hb Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†KB RxweZ †`wLÕ|82

4. Avngv` web nv¤j : Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (g„t 241 wnt)-†K ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ m¤c‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv nÕ‡j wZwb e‡jb, OP j �Q=

RKG �?A�� 2.6/+� -TU� ��!� �� V.�� % 'G� Ômvnvh¨cÖvß GB

`jwU hw` AvQnveyj nv`xQ (Avn‡jnv`xQ) bv nq, Z‡e Avwg Rvwb bv Zviv KvivÕ?83

5. Bqvn&Bqv web mvC` Avj-K¡vËvb : Bgvg Bqvn&Bqv web mvC` Avj-K¡vËvb (g„t 198 wnt) myjvBgvb web Z¡viLvb AvZ-Zvqgx m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, 3��!� WG� �% �� n)(D�� OZ ÔAvgv‡ì wbKU Zvqgx Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jbÕ|84

nv`x‡Qi GKRb ivex Bgivb web Ky vgvn Avj-ÔAv¤§x m¤ú‡K© Bqvn&Bqv Avj-K¡vËvb e‡j‡Qb, ��!� WG� �% �Q� j 5Q�� ÔwKš‘ wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aš—fz©³ wQ‡jb bvÕ|85

81. Bgvg evqnvK¡x, Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv, 1/260, mb` Qnxn| 82. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ, c„t 85, mb` Qnxn| 83. nv‡Kg, gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ, c„t 2, nv/2, mb` nvmvb; Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx

GwU‡K Qnxn e‡j‡Qb| ªt dvrûj evix, 13/293, nv/7311-Gi e¨vL¨v| 84. gymbv`y Avjx Bebyj RvÔ`, nv/1354, 1/594; mb` Qnxn; Av‡iKwU ms¯‹i‡Yi nv`xQ bs

1314; Beby Avex nvwZg, Avj-Rviû IqvZ ZvÔ`xj, 4/125, mb` Qnxn| 85. Avj-Rviû IqvZ ZvÔ`xj, 6/303, mb` Qnxn|



37 37

6. wZiwghx : Avey hv‡q` bvgK GKRb ivexi e¨vcv‡i Bgvg wZiwghx (g„t 279 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, 6F�7�;� p�C�;� >WF ;. >:6FJC�;% ;�C@� @WCG7� @��@�;TN��3 ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U Avey hv‡q` GKRb AÁvZ e¨w³Õ|86

7. Avey vE` : Bgvg Avey vE` Avm-wmwR¯—vbx (g„t 275 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ��!� WG� �%� �� ÔmvaviY Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U...Õ|87

8. bvmvC : Bgvg bvmvC (g„t 303 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, c�;,7?C;%;� @WCG�4 @17�C#@�� C�@%;� @WCG7� @��@�;TN�� @'N @,N��;� @5NM@?N��;� @O�C�9MN��;�3 ÔBmjv‡gi AbymvixMY,

Avn‡jnv`xQ, Avn‡j Bjg, Avn‡j wdK¡n Ges Avn‡j KziAvb-Gi DcKvwiZvi Rb¨Õ|88

9. Beby Lyhvqgvn : Bgvg gynv¤§v` web BmnvK¡ Be‡b Lyhvqgvn wbkvcyix (g„t 311 wnt) GKwU nv`x‡Qi e¨vcv‡i e‡j‡Qb, C'7� ;�;� c�7�@L ;�C(;� @};)7 F� @WCG7�

@��@�;TN�� SO7� �7K;G ;�;�;�N�� e�(@T;U C�@% @�;J@ @WNME��h ÔAvgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ

Av‡jg‡ì gv‡S †Kvb gZv‰bK¨ †`wLwb †h, GB nv`xQwU eY©bvi w`K †_‡K QnxnÕ|89

10. Beby wneŸvb : nv‡dh gynv¤§v` Be‡b wneŸvb Avj-eymZx (g„t 354 wnt) GKwU nv`x‡Qi Dci wb‡gœv³ Aby‡”Q` †eu‡a‡Qb : F�NZ@[ p�;�;L ;�E;� @5@�

FgC,;� @�7 �;,F)N�� 07 ;� @WCG7� 3@��@�;TN�� 9�C(;� �6F%@�F� ;_(@�C6;= @�;�;U@yN�� FR;C,;)@� ÔH

nv`x‡Qi eY©bv, hvi gva¨‡g KwZcq gyÔAvwËjv (wb¸©Yev`x)

86. wZiwghx nv/ 88| 87. wimvjvZz Avex `vE` Bjv gv°v dx IqvQwd mybvwbwn c„t 30; cvÊywjwc c„t 1| 88. bvmvC nv/4147, 7/135; AvZ-ZvÔjxK¡vZzm mvjvwdBqvn, nv/4152| [GLv‡b nv`xQ‡K

A¯xKviKvix cÖPwjZ ÔAvn‡j KziAvbÕ bvgK åvš— `jwU‡K eySv‡bv nqwb| Avi hviv nv`xQ‡K A¯xKvi K‡i Zv‡ì‡K Avn‡j KziAvb e‡j m‡¤vab KivI wVK bq| KviY Zviv KziAv‡bi AbymiY K‡i bv; eis Zviv cÖe„wËc~Rvix-Abyev`K]|

89. Qnxn Be‡b Lyhvqgvn nv/31, mb` Qnxn|



Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ †`vlv‡ivc K‡i‡Q| †Kbbv Giv G nv`x‡Qi mwVK gg© Abyave‡bi †ZŠwdK †_‡K ewÂZ n‡q‡QÕ|90

Ab¨ GK RvqMvq nv‡dh Beby wneŸvb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì GB ¸Y eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, 7O69 @T;DC;� 3;�;H"�� 7O6H�9K;�;� ;�3;JC 7O6F,;)NM;�;� C�;% ;J7?7�;L3 ÔZviv nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ Avgj K‡ib, Gi †ndvhZ K‡ib Ges mybœvZ we‡ivax‡ì g~‡jvrcvUb K‡ibÕ|91

11. Avey ÔAvIqvbvn : Bgvg Avey ÔAvIqvbvn Avj-BmdvivBbx (g„t 316 wnt) GKwU gvmAvjv m¤ú‡K© Bgvg gyhvbx (int)-†K ej‡Qb, @P7�@DCLeq C(;�;�

@WCG7� @��@�;TN�� ÔG wel‡q Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gv‡S gZ‡f` i‡q‡QÕ|92

12. BRjx : Bgvg Avngv` web Avãyj−vn web Qv‡jn Avj-BRjx (g„t 261 wnt) Bgvg mywdqvb web DqvBbv m¤ú‡K© e‡jb, ��!� WG� g,� OZ�3V�G<�� a�� l�Y� 6G :6M� ÔKwZcq Avn‡jnv`xQ ej‡Zb †h, wZwb hynixi nv`xQ m¤ú‡K© me‡P‡q †ekx wek¦ —Õ|93

13. nv‡Kg : Avey Avãyj−vn nv‡Kg wbkvcyix (g„t 405 wnt) Bqvn&Bqv Be‡b gvCb (int) m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, F1;%@P @WCG7� @��@�;TN�� ÔwZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì BgvgÕ|94

14. nv‡Kg Kvexi : Avey Avngv` Avj-nv‡Kg Avj-Kvexi (g„t 378 wnt) ��!� -TU� .,� ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wb`k©bÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| GB MÖš’wUi Abyev` †jL‡Ki ZvnKxK mn cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|95 90. Qnxn Beby wneŸvb, Avj-Bnmvb nv/566; Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY nv/565; [hviv gnvb Avj−vn&i

wQdvZmg~n‡K A¯xKvi K‡i Zv‡ì‡K gyÔAvwËjv ejv nq|-Abyev`K]| 91. Qnxn Be‡b wneŸvb, Avj-Bnmvb nv/6129; Ab¨ Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY nv/6162; Av‡iv

†`Lyb : Avj-Bnmvb, 1/140, nv/61-Gi c~‡e©| 92. gymbv`y Avex ÔAvIqvbvn 1/49| 93. gvÔwidvZzQ wQK¡vZ 1/417; bs 631; Av‡iKwU ms¯‹i‡Yi bs 577| 94. nv‡Kg nv/710|



39 39

15. wdiBqvex : gynv¤§v` web BDmyd Avj-wdiBqvex (g„t 212 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ��!� WG� �% ��¡ Z� ��6Q�� V.6b�� O(?# ��. ÔAvgiv mywdqvb QvIix‡K K~dv‡Z †`‡LwQ| GgZve¯’vq Avgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì GKUv RvgvÔAvZ wQjvgÕ|96

16. wdiBqvex : RvÔdi web gynv¤§v` Avj-wdiBqvex (g„t 301 wnt) Beivnxg web g~mv Avj-Iqvh`~jx (int) m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, �% �� 5��T#� 5� :M� ��!� -TU� ÔZvi GK Avn‡jnv`xQ cyÎ i‡q‡Q| hvi bvg BmnvK¡Õ|97

17. Avey nvwZg Avi-ivhx : AvmgvDi wiRv‡ji cÖwm× Bgvg Avey nvwZg Avi-ivhx (g„t 277 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, O6Q� }n� 0 � ��!� WG� �?=��3�� Ô†Kvb wel‡qi Dc‡i Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì HK¨gZ û¾vZ ev `jxj wnmv‡e MY¨ nqÕ|98

18. Avey IevB` : Bgvg Avey IevB` K¡v‡mg web mvj−vg (g„t 224 wnt) GKwU AvQvi m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, 3��!� WG� g,� �K¢ KL\� �]� ÔKwZcq Avn‡jnv`xQ GB AvQviwU MÖnY K‡i‡QbÕ|99

19. AveyeKi web Avey vE` : Bgvg Avey vE` Avm-wmwR¯—vbxi AwaKvs‡ki wbKU wek¦ — cyÎ AveyeKi web Avey vE` ej‡Qb,

16] �% �= 8� 'J�� 6J = *¤�M=� ��!� WG� � �,�D�

ÔZzwg H †jvK‡ì `jfy³ n‡qv bv, hviv ¯xq Øxb‡K wb‡q †Lj-Zvgvkv K‡i| bZzev ZzwgI Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K wZi®‹vi I †`vlv‡ivc Ki‡eÕ|100 95. †`Lyb : gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ 9g msL¨v c„t 4-28| 96. Avj-Rviû IqvZ ZvÔ`xj 1/60, mb` Qnxn| 97. Beby Av`x, Avj-Kvwgj 1/271; Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY 1/440, mb` Qnxn| 98. wKZveyj gvivmxj c„t 192, Aby‡”Q` 703| 99. Avey IevB`, wKZveyZ Zyn~i c„t 174; Bebyj gybwhi, Avj-AvImvZ¡ 1/265|



20. Beby Avex AvwQg : Bgvg Avngv` web Avgi web Avh-hvnnvK web gvLjv` Ii‡d Be‡b Avex AvwQg (g„t 287 wnt) GKRb ivex m¤c‡K©

ej‡Qb, �MY ��!� WG� �% W`. ÔwZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aš—f©y³ GKRb wek¦ — e¨w³Õ|101

21. Beby kvnxb : nv‡dh Avey nvdQ Igi web kvnxb (g„t 385 wnt) Bgivb Avj-ÔAv¤§x m¤c‡K© Bqvn&Bqv Avj-K¡vËv‡bi gš—e¨ D×„Z K‡i‡Qb,

�!� WG� �% �Q� j �Q�� ÔwKš‘ wZwb (Bgivb) Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aš—

f©y³ wQ‡jb bvÕ|102

22. Avj-RvIhvRvbx : Avey BmnvK¡ Beivnxg web BqvK~e Avj-RvIhvRvbx (g„t 259 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ��!� WG� � �A�� ¥ ÔAZtci Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gv‡S cÖwm× i‡q‡Q...Õ|103

23. Avngv` web wmbvb Avj-IqvwmZ¡x : Bgvg Avngv` web wmbvb Avj-IqvwmZ¡x (g„t 259 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, WG� g�� 6G� 8P f�D�% (�� d(�3��!� Ô`ywbqv‡Z Ggb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx †bB, †h Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i bvÕ|104

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, †h e¨w³ Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i A_ev Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K g›` bv‡g Wv‡K, †m e¨w³ cv°v we`ÔAvZx|

24. Avjx web Avãyj−vn Avj-gv`xbx : Bgvg eyLvix I Ab¨vb¨‡ì D¯—v` Bgvg Avjx web Avãyj−vn Avj-gv`xbx (g„t 234 wnt) GKwU nv`x‡Qi

100. gynv¤§v` Bebyj ûmvBb Avj-AvRyix©, wKZveyk kixÔAvn c„t 975, mb` Qnxn| 101. Avj-Avnv` Iqvj gvQvbx 1/428, nv/604| 102. Be‡b kvnxb, ZvixLy AvmgvBQ wQK¡vZ, nv/1084| 103. AvnIqvjyi wiRvj, c„t 43, ivex bs 10| Av‡iv †`Lyb : c„t 214| 104. gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 4, bs 6, mb` Qnxn|



41 41

e¨vL¨vq ej‡Qb, ��!� WG� v,� ÔA_©vr Zviv nÕ‡jb Avn‡jnv`xQ (AvQnveyj nv`xQ)Õ|105

25. KzZvqev web mvC` : Bgvg KyZvqev web mvC` (g„t 240 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ��!� WG� rw W`�� l��. �[P ...�"�� 0 � 5�y� Ôhw` Zzwg †Kvb e¨w³‡K †`L †h †m Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K fv‡jvev‡m, Z‡e eyS‡e †m mybœv‡Zi Dc‡i Av‡QÕ|106

26. Beby KyZvqev `xbvIqvix : wek¦ — I mZëv`x gynvwÏQ Bgvg Beby KyZvqev Av`-`xbvIqvix (g„t 276 wnt) ÔZvexjy gyLZvjvwdj nv`xQ wdi iwÏ Avjv AvÔ`v‡q Avnwjj nv`xQÕ ) 0 � �� !� { D| W��\=��!� WG� }��( bv‡g GKwU MÖš’ wj‡L‡Qb| GB MÖ‡š’ wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ-Gi `ykgb‡ì KwVbfv‡e Reve cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb|

27. evqnvK¡x : Avngv` Bebyj ûmvBb Avj-evqnvK¡x (g„t 458 wnt) gv‡jK web Avbvm, AvIhvC, mywdqvb QvIix, mywdqvb Be‡b DqvBbv, nv¤§v` web hv‡q`, nv¤§v` web mvjvgvn, kv‡dC, Avngv` web nv¤j, BmnvK¡ web ivnIqvBn cÖgyL‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aš—f©y³ ) WG� �%��!�( wj‡L‡Qb|107

28. BmgvCjx : nv‡dh AveyeKi Avngv` web Beivnxg Avj-BmgvCjx (g„t 371 wnt) GKRb ivex m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, 3��!� WG� �% �Q� j ÔwZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb bvÕ|108

29. LZ¡xe : LZ¡xe evM`v`x (g„t 463 wnt) Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì dhxjZ m¤ú‡K© Ôkvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQÕ )��!� -TU� q��( bv‡g GKLvbv 105. wZiwghx nv/2229; ÔAvwihvZzj AvnIqvhx 9/74| 106. kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ nv/143, mb` Qnxn| 107. evqnvK¡x, wKZveyj BÔwZKv` Iqvj wn`vqvn Bjv mvexwji ivkv` c„t 180|



MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| †hwU cÖKvwkZ| ÔbvQxnvZz Avnwjj nv`xQÕ ) �T(/��!� WG�( bvgK MÖš’LvbvI LZ¡x‡ei w`‡K m¤úwK©Z|109

30. Avey byÔAvBg BQdvnvbx : Avey byÔAvBg BQdvnvbx (g„t 430 wnt) GKRb ivex m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, 3R�"� ��!� WG� }) � 0 � 0?¦ 8 ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jg‡ì wbK‡U Zvi dvmv` †Mvcb bqÕ|110

wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ;r;G7[;� Hn@,@�E�� ;r;GNK;% @WCG7� @��@�;TN�� ÔBgvg kv‡dC

Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi gvhnv‡ei AbyK‚‡j †M‡QbÕ|111

31. Bebyj gybwhi : nv‡dh gynv¤§v` web Beivnxg Bebyj gybwhi wbkvcyix (g„t 318 wnt) ¯xq m½x-mv_x Ges Bgvg kv‡dC I Ab¨vb¨‡ì‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ e‡j‡Qb|112

32. AvRyix© : Bgvg AveyeKi gynv¤§v` Bebyj ûmvBb Avj-AvRyix© (g„t 360 wnt) Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K wbR fvB m‡¤vab K‡i e‡j‡Qb, �T(/� �A# �% 'Gz�� 5M?�� WG�� !� WG�� O��M�� WG� �% ��6L�

*) "+�h ÔAvgvi åvZ…gÊjx Avn‡j KyiAvb, Avn‡jnv`xQ, Avn‡j wdK¡n

Ges Ab¨vb¨ mKj gymwj‡gi cÖwZ Avgvi bQxnZÕ|113

mZKx©KiY : nv`xQ A¯xKviKvix‡ì‡K Avn‡j KyiAvb ev Avn‡j wdK¡n ejv fyj| Avn‡j KyiAvb, Avn‡jnv`xQ, Avn‡j wdK¡n cÖf„wZ Dcvwa I ¸YevPK bvg GKB RvgvÔAv‡Zi bvg| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn|

108. gynv¤§v` web wReixj Avb-wbmex, wKZveyj gyÔRvg 1/469, bs 121| 109. ZvixLy evM`v` 1/224, bs 51| 110. Avj-gy —vLivR ÔAvjv Qnxn gymwjg 1/67, Aby‡”Q` 89| 111. wnjBqvZzj AvIwjqv 9/112| 112. †`Lyb : Avj-AvImvZ¡ 2/307, nv/915-Gi Av‡jvPbv| 113. Avk-kvixÔAvn c„t 3; Ab¨ Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY, c„t 7|



43 43

33. Beby Avwãj evi© : nv‡dh BDmyd web Avãyj−vn web gynv¤§v` web Avãyj evi© Avj-Av›`vjymx (g„t 463 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, WG� �% �?AB l�]�3��!� ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì GKwU `j e‡j‡Q...Õ|114 34. Beby Zvqwgqv : nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn Avj-nvi©vbx (g„t 728 wnt) GKwU cÖ‡kœi DË‡i e‡j‡Qb, 7�F�C);TN� @5S @� -;. 3;*@)7�;,N�� E%7� HV@.;�F�N�� 6F�7�;� ;�F��;�

@O;%;%@y7� n@� @5NM@?N�� @%C� @WCG7� @�;J@DC @�� .E%7�;� e'@ C"F% HV@K@%C�D��;� Hn@A;"E��;� F�C��;� 5; ;% F�C��;� 7�;)C�;<FL 6F�7�;� 07 C,;� F.�E<;�N��;� C'FGF6CT;�;� C'FJ7� 07 ;� @r;GNK;% @WCG7� @��@�;TN��.

�6F"C(7� ;��@� 7MF% p�@��;6@� @5@C(;,@� ;�@% @};)7 F,N�� 7�;� C'FG ;�@% @�E)@A7\N�� ;��@�@J;DC�F)N�� 07 ;� @�7 NB@yN��h Ômg — cÖksmv Avj−vn&i Rb¨, whwb RMrmg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK| Bgvg

eyLvix I Avey vE` wdK¡‡ni Bgvg I gyRZvwn` (gyZ¡jvK¡) wQ‡jb| c¶vš—‡i Bgvg gymwjg, wZiwghx, bvmvC, Be‡b gvRvn, Be‡b Lyhvqgvn, Avey BÔqvjv, evhhvi cÖgyL Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| Zviv †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv| Avi Zviv gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡I wQ‡jb bvÕ|115

mZKx©KiY : D³ eo eo gynvwÏQ BgvgM‡Yi m¤ú‡K© Bgvg Be‡b Zvqwgqvi GgbUv ejv †h, ÔZviv †Kvb gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡ wQ‡jb bvÕ AMÖnY‡hvM¨|

35. Be‡b ikx` : Be‡b ikx` Avj-wdnix (g„t 721 wnt) Bgvg AvBq~e Avm-mvLwZqvbx Ges Ab¨vb¨ eo eo Av‡jg‡ì m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, �%��!� WG� ÔZviv Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aš—fy©³ wQ‡jbÕ|116

114. AvZ-Zvgnx`, 1/16| 115. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 20/40| 116. Avm-mybvbyj Aveqvb c„t 119, 124|



36. Bebyj K¡vBwqg : nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg (g„t 751 wnt) ¯xq cÖwm× ÔK¡vQx`v b~wbqv nÕ‡Z wj‡L‡Qb,

§�� !� WG� I��% �* O�(�� 8� �M,� ��

Ô†n Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlYKvix I Mvwj cÖ vbKvix! Zzwg kqZv‡bi mv‡_ eÜyZ¡ ¯’vc‡bi mymsev` MÖnY KiÕ|117

37. Beby KvQxi : nv‡dh BmgvCj Be‡b KvQxi Av`-w`gvkK¡x (g„t 774 wnt) m~iv eYx BmivC‡ji 71 Avqv‡Zi Zvdmx‡i e‡j‡Qb, :]� g,�

{ "�� :�KG ¨Z� q�� -TU4 ©��!� O4 'J%%P k�� 0 U �� 5( � ' #�. ÔKwZcq mvjvd e‡j‡Qb, Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Rb¨ GwU me‡P‡q eo

gh©v`v| †Kbbv Zv‡ì Bgvg nÕ‡jb bex Kixg (Qvt)Õ|118

38. Bebyj gybv`x : Bgvg Bebyj gybv`x Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 336 wnt) K¡v‡mg web hvKvwiqv Bqvn&Bqv Avj-gyZvwi©h m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, WG� �% OZ��/�� !� ÔwZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ I mZëv`x‡ì Aš—fy©³ wQ‡jbÕ|119 39. kxivIqvBn Av`-`vqjvgx : `vqjv‡gi cÖwm× HwZnvwmK Bgvg kxivIqvBn (g„t 509 wnt) web kvnvi`vi Av`-`vqjvgx Avã~m (Avãyi ingvb) web Avngv` web AveŸv` AvQ-QvK¡vdx Avj-nvgv`vbx m¤ú‡K© ¯xq BwZnvm MÖ‡š’ e‡j‡Qb, ��!� WG� �%� 5� t�.MD% �MY OZ� ��

ÔAvgv‡ì GjvKvi Avg Avn‡jnv`xQMY Zvi †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| Avi wZwb wek¦ — I wbf©i‡hvM¨ wQ‡jbÕ|120

117. Avj-KvwdqvZzk kvwdqvn wdj BbwZQvi wjj wdiK¡vwZb bvwRqvn c„t 199, ÔwbðqB

Avn‡jnv`xQivB ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mvnvh¨Kvix Ges Zv‡ì êwkó¨Õ Aby‡”Q`| 118. Be‡b KvQxi 4/164| 119. ZvixLy evM`v` 12/441, bs 6910, mb` nvmvb| 120. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 14/438| Avj-nvgv`vbxi Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv mwVK| KviY

hvnvex Zvi wKZve nÕ‡Z eY©bv K‡ib|



45 45

40. gynv¤§v` web Avjx AvQ-Q~ix : evM`v‡ì cÖwm× Bgvg Avey Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` web Avjx web Avãyj−vn web gynv¤§v` AvQ-Q‚ix (g„t 441 wnt) e‡j‡Qb,

��!� �� + W] *5(�� %� 5 G� �A� 0Tª�� « �� 3�KG :6M= ' ,�� *5(?"�� _ L WJ�� WJ¬ 1� �6u?� 'G ��K�� -,�� *5�6)D�� XG�D�� % ��h

Ônv`x‡Qi mv‡_ kÎ“Zv †cvlYKvix Ges Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K †`vlv‡ivcKvix‡ì‡K e‡j `vI! Avgv‡K ej †h, Zzwg wK †R‡b-ey‡S bvwK AÁZve‡k GgbwU ejQ? Avi AÁZv †Zv wb‡e©v‡ai ¯fve| Zv‡ì‡K wK †`vlv‡ivc Kiv hvq, hviv Øxb‡K evwZj I wfwËnxb K_vevZ©v †_‡K †ndvhZ K‡i‡QÕ?121

41. myq~Z¡x : C'@J@%;%@y@� pa;�9� SW9Z 6F�C�;� ;1C6;� Ô(¯§iY Ki) †hw`b Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨K m¤cÖ vq‡K Zv‡ì †bZv (A_©vr bex A_ev Avgjbvgv mn) AvnŸvb KieÕ (eYx BmivCj 71) Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq RvjvjyÏxb myq~Z¡x (g„t 911 wnt) e‡jb, '� 1%P 8 5�4 ��[ �% q�� M% ��!� WG4 d(�

Rz�h ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Rb¨ Gi PvB‡Z AwaK dhxjZc~Y© e³e¨ Avi †bB| †Kbbv gynv¤§v` (Qvt) Qvov Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì †Kvb Bgvg †bBÕ|122 42. wK¡Iqvgym mybœvn : wK¡Iqvgym mybœvn (nv`x‡Qi wfwË) L¨vZ BmgvCj web gynv¤§v` Bebyj dhj (g„t 535 wnt) BQdvnvbx e‡j‡Qb, WG� �Z[

��"�� 16M= O� P _!� 0 � 2�Gu�� ]�?�� '®�� !� h ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì eY©bv| Avi GivB wK¡qvgZ msNwUZ nIqv ch©š— n‡Ki Dc‡i weRqx _vK‡eÕ|123 121. hvnvex, ZvhwKivZzj ûddvh 3/1117, bs 1002, mb` nvmvb; wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv

17/631; Bebyj RvIhx, Avj-gyš—vhvg, 15/324| 122. Zvìxeyi ivex 2/126, 27Zg cÖKvi| 123. Avj-û¾vn dx evqvwbj gvnv¾vn Iqv kviû AvK¡x`vwZ Avnwjm mybœvn 1/262|



43. ivgûigyhx : Kvhx nvmvb web Avãyi ingvb web Lvj−v` Avi-ivgûigyhx (g„t 360 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, 5 G� WI�� !� �� q�� ]� ÔAvj−vn nv`xQ I Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K m¤§vb I gh©v`v `vb K‡i‡QbÕ|124

44. nvdQ web wMqvQ : nvdQ web wMqvQ (g„t 194 wnt)-†K AvQnveyj nv`xQ m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Kiv nÕ‡j wZwb e‡jb, (�� WG� zL 'G ÔZviv (Avn‡jnv`xQ) `ywbqvi g‡a¨ m‡e©vËg e¨w³Õ|125

45. bvQi web Beivnxg Avj-gvK¡‡`mx : Aveyj dvZn bvQi web Beivnxg Avj-gvK¡‡`mx (g„t 490 wnt) wj‡L‡Qb, 3��!� WG� � (I� -� ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gh©v`v m¤ú‡K© Aby‡”Q`Õ|126

46. Beby gydwjn : Avey Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` web gydwjn Avj-gvK¡‡`mx (g„t 763 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, _!� 0 � O6)AM�� (`�� ?A�� 'G ��!� WG� ÔAvn‡jnv`xQivB gyw³cÖvß `j| hviv n‡Ki Dc‡i cÖwZwôZ Av‡QbÕ|127

47. Avj-Avgxi Avj-Bqvgvbx : gynv¤§v` web BmgvCj Avj-Avgxi Avj-Bqvgvbx (g„t 1182 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, �� Wª�4� ��!� -TU\� �( �

WAI?�� V�� WZ 'G��h Ôgh©v`vevb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K AuvK‡o

ai‡e| Zzwg Zv‡ì wbK‡U me ai‡bi †n`vqvZ I ¸Yvejx cv‡eÕ|128

48. BebyQ Qvjvn : Qnxn nv`x‡Qi msÁv cÖ v‡bi c‡i nv‡dh BebyQ Qvjvn Avk-kvnivh~ix (g„t 806 wnt) wj‡L‡Qb, VK�� !� 6G �KJ�3��!� WG� *� q�L �� T/�� 5� 'Qw ÔGwU H nv`xQ, hv‡K Qnxn 124. Avj-gynvwÏQzj dvwQj evBbvi ivex Iqvj IqvÔC c„t 159, bs 1| 125. gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 3, nv/3, mb` Qnxn| 126. Avj-û¾vZz ÔAvjv ZvixwKj gvnv¾vn 1/325| 127. Avj-Av`veyk kviCqvn 1/211| 128. Avi-ivIhyj evwmg wdh hvweŸ Avb mybœvwZ Avwej K¡vwmg 1/146|



47 47

wnmv‡e ¯xK…wZ cÖ v‡bi †¶‡Î Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gv‡S †Kvb gZ‡f` †bBÕ|129

49. AvQ-Qve~bx : Ave~ BmgvCj Avãyi ingvb web BmgvCj AvQ-Qve~bx

(g„t 449 wnt) ��!� -TU� { "�� 2�(M� Ômvjvd : Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì AvK¡x`vÕ bv‡g GKwU MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb | G‡Z wZwb e‡j‡Qb, WG� �MD,��

5�� 0 � X�� # �6� ,=� 5�T�# �� O� O��J�� !�h

ÔAvn‡jnv`xQMY G AvK¡x`v †cvlY K‡ib Ges (G K_vi) mv¶¨ cÖ vb K‡ib †h, wbðqB Avj−vn myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjv mvZ Avmgv‡bi Dc‡i Zuvi Avi‡ki Dc‡i i‡q‡QbÕ|130

50. Avãyj K¡vwni Avj-evM`v`x : Ave~ gvbQ‚i Avãyj K¡vwni web Z¡v‡ni web gynv¤§v` Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 429 wnt) wmwiqv I Ab¨vb¨ AÂ‡ji

mxgvš—eZx© Awaevmx‡ì m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ��!� WG� rGK% 0 � 'J Z�"�� WG� �% ÔZviv mK‡jB Avnjym mybœvn-Gi ga¨ †_‡K Avnjyj nv`xQ-Gi gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i Av‡QbÕ|131

D³ 50wU D×…wZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, gynvwRi, AvbQvi Ges Avn‡j mybœvZ-Gi gZB gymjgvb‡ì Ab¨Zg ¸YevPK bvg I Dcvwa nÕj ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ| GB (Avn‡jnv`xQ) DcvwawU Rv‡qh nIqvi e¨vcv‡i gymwjg D¤§vn&i BRgv i‡q‡Q| †Kvb GKRb BgvgI Avn‡jnv`xQ bvg I Dcvwa‡K KL‡bv fzj, bvRv‡qh ev we`ÔAvZ e‡jbwb| GRb¨ KwZcq Lv‡iRx Ges Zv‡ì Øviv cÖfvweZ e¨w³‡ì Avn‡jnv`xQ bvgwU‡K Acm›` Kiv, GUv‡K we`ÔAvZ Ges `jevwR e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i nvwm-VvÆv Kiv

129. gyK¡vÏvgv BebyQ Qvjvn (BivKxi e¨vL¨v mn) c„t 20| 130. AvK¡x`vZzm mvjvd AvQnvwej nv`xQ c„t 14| 131. DQ‚jy Øxb c„t 317|



Avm‡j mKj gynvwÏQ Ges gymwjg D¤§vn&i BRgvi we‡ivwaZv Kivi kvwgj|132

G¸‡jv e¨ZxZ Av‡iv AmsL¨ D×„wZ i‡q‡Q| †h¸‡jvi Øviv ÔAvnjyj nv`xQÕ ev ÔAvQnveyj nv`xQÕ cÖf„wZ ¸YevPK bvgmg~‡ni cÖgvY cvIqv hvq| m¤§vwbZ gynvwÏQM‡Yi D³ my úó e³e¨ mg~n I BRgv Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ H mKj Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gynvwÏQ I mvaviY RbM‡Yi Dcvwa, hviv ZvK¡jx` QvovB mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi ey‡Si Av‡jv‡K KziAvb I mybœvn&i Dc‡i Avgj K‡ib| Avi Zv‡ì AvK¡x`v m¤c~Y©iƒ‡c KziAvb, mybœvn I BRgvi AbyK‚‡j| ¯§Z©e¨ †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ I Avn‡j mybœvZ GKB `‡ji ¸YevPK bvg|

KwZcq we`ÔAvZx GK_v e‡j †h, ïay gynvwÏQMY‡KB ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ ejv n‡q _v‡K| PvB wZwb (gynvwÏQ) Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi ga¨ †_‡K †nvb ev we`ÔAvZx‡ì ga¨ †_‡K †nvb| Zv‡ì G e³e¨ mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi ey‡Si wecixZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y cwiZ¨vR¨| we`ÔAvZx‡ì D³ e³e¨ Øviv GK_v †g‡b †bqv Avek¨K n‡q ùvovq †h, c_åó †jvK‡ì‡KI ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ e‡j AwfwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| A_P G ai‡bi e³e¨ evwZj nIqvi welqwU mvaviY RbM‡Yi Kv‡QI cwi®‹vi| KwZcq ivexi e¨vcv‡i ¯qs gynvwÏQMY GK_v my úófv‡e e¨³ K‡i‡Qb †h, wZwb Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi Aš—fy©³ wQ‡jb bv|133

`ywbqvi cÖ‡Z¨K we`ÔAvZx Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i _v‡K| Z‡e wK cÖ‡Z¨K we`ÔAvZxB wb‡Ri cÖwZI N„Yv-we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i? AZGe nK GUvB †h, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ-Gi êwkó¨MZ bvg I Dcvwai nK`vi †mªd `yÕ†kªYxi †jvK| 1. nv`xQ eY©bvKvixMY (gynvwÏQMY)| 2.

132. GB mv‡_ cvV Ki“b weMZ hy‡Mi 304 Rb †kªô Avn‡jnv`xQ weØv‡bi ZvwjKv gynv¤§v`

Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje weiwPZ W±‡iU w_wmm ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb : DrcwË I µgweKvkÕ c„t 50-52 Ges 66-73|-Abyev`K|

133. 5, 21 I 28 bs D×„wZ `ªt|



49 49

nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i AvgjKvixMY (gynvwÏQMY Ges Zvu‡ì Abymvix mvaviY

RbMY)| nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (661-728 wnt) ej‡Qb, F�CT;�;� 7� n@C,;� @WCG7\@� @��@�;TN�� ;��@�@/;DNMF)N�� 07 ;� @5@�;);# C�7� @5@D;�;D@Z C�7� @5@D;��;�@. NW;� n@C,;� C'@J@� : SW9Z

;%C� 7O7Z E_;�7� @5@uN?@T@� @5@D7�@�C,;%;� @5@)CJ7�;� ��@G7� �@B;�;� @5@�;�=�;� �@B;� ��@G7�;� ;�@�7K7Z;� 9WCG7� @O�C�9MN�� ÔAvgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ ej‡Z †Kej Zv‡ì‡KB eywS bv

hviv nv`xQ ï‡b‡Qb, wjwcwe× K‡i‡Qb ev eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| eis Avgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ Øviv H mKj e¨w³‡K eywS‡q _vwK, hviv nv`xQ gyL¯’KiY Ges †Mvcb I cÖKvk¨fv‡e Zvi Ávb jvf I Abyaveb Ges AbymiY Kivi AwaK nK`vi| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avn‡j KyiAvbIÕ|134 nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvi D³ e³e¨ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ Øviv gynvwÏQMY Ges Zv‡ì Abymvix mvaviY RbMY D‡Ïk¨| cwi‡k‡l wb‡e`b GB †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ †Kvb eskvbyµwgK wdiK¡v bq| eis GwU GKwU Av`wk©K RvgvÔAvZ| cÖ‡Z¨K H e¨w³ Avn‡jnv`xQ, whwb KyiAvb, nv`xQ I BRgvi Dc‡i mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi ey‡Si Av‡jv‡K Avgj K‡ib Ges Gi Dc‡iB ¯xq wek¦vm †cvlY K‡ib| Avi wb‡R‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ (Avn‡j mybœvZ) ejvi A_© Av‡`Š GUv bq †h, GLb GB e¨w³ RvbœvZx n‡q †M‡Q| GLb †bK Avgj mg~n eR©b, cÖe„wËi AbymiY Ges wb‡Ri gb g‡Zv Rxeb hvcb Kiv hv‡e| eis H e¨w³B mdjKvg, whwb Avn‡jnv`xQ (Avn‡j mybœvZ) bv‡gi gh©v`v i¶v K‡i ¯xq c~e©m~ix‡ì g‡Zv KyiAvb I mybœvn Abyhvqx Rxeb hvcb Ki‡eb| cÖKvk _v‡K †h, gyw³i Rb¨ †Kej bv‡gi †j‡ejB h‡_ó bq| eis ü`q I gw¯—‡®‹i cweÎZv Ges Cgvb I AvK¡x`vi cwiïw×Zvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mr Kg© mg~‡ni Dc‡iB †Kej bvRvZ wbf©ikxj| Giƒc e¨w³B Avj−vn&i AbyMÖ‡n wPi¯’vqx gyw³i nK`vi n‡e BbkvAvj−vn|

134. Beby Zvqwgqvn, gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 4/95|



Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wei“‡× KwZcq Awf‡hvM I Zvi Reve Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gynvwÏQx‡b †Kivg Ges ZvK¡jx` e¨ZxZ mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi eyS Abyhvqx KyiAvb I mybœvni Abymvix‡ì Dcvwa I êwkó¨MZ bvg ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ| Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U KyiAvb gvRx`, Qnxn nv`xQmg~n (mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi eyS Abyhvqx) Ges BRgv nÕj kviC `jxj| G¸wj‡K ÔAvw`j−v‡q kviCqvnÕI ejv n‡q _v‡K| ÔAvw`j−v‡q kviCqvnÕ Øviv BRwZnv‡ì êaZv cÖgvwYZ| Avi BRwZnv‡ì wewfbœ cÖKvi i‡q‡Q| 1. KyiAvb I mybœvni ÔDg~gÕ (e¨vcKZv) I Ôgvdn~gÕ (gg©) Øviv `jxj †ck Kiv|

2. mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi AvQvi Øviv `jxj cÖ vb Kiv| 3. Avw`j−v‡q kviCqvni we‡ivax bq Ggb wK¡qvm| 4. gvQvwj‡n gyimvjvn cÖf„wZ|135

Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U BRwZnv` Rv‡qh| GRb¨ wZbwU kviC `jxj Øviv `jxj †c‡ki c‡i PZz_© `jx‡ji Dc‡iI Avgj Rv‡qh i‡q‡Q| G k‡Z© †h, Zv KziAvb, nv`xQ, BRgv I mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi AvQvi-Gi we‡ivax n‡e bv| Ab¨ K_vq Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U Avw`j−v‡q AvievÔAvn (KyiAvb, nv`xQ, BRgv, BRwZnv`) Dc‡ivwj−wLZ gg©vbymv‡i û¾vZ ev `jxj| mZKx©KiY : BRwZnv` AvKw¯§K I mvgwqK n‡q _v‡K| GRb¨ BRwZnv`‡K ¯’vqx weav‡bi gh©v`v †`qv hvq bv| Avi bv GKRb e¨w³i

135. [Gi A_© HmKj Kg© hv Kj¨vY Avbqb K‡i I ¶wZ cÖwZ‡iva K‡i Ges hvi Av‡`‡k ev

wb‡l‡a kixÔAv‡Z †Kvb `jxj cvIqv hvq bv| †hgb AveyeKi (ivt) I IQgvb (ivt)-Gi mg‡q KziAvb Rgv Kiv Ges Kzivqkx wK¡ivAvZ e¨ZxZ KziAv‡bi Ab¨vb¨ Kwc cywo‡q †djv, gmwR‡ì wK¡ejv wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ cieZx©‡Z †gnive wbg©vY Kiv, gmwR‡` wgbvi wbg©vY Kiv, gvBK jvMv‡bv BZ¨vw` (AveyeKi Avj-Rvhv‡qix, Avj-BbQvd (g`xbv Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vjq, Zvwe), c„t 22-25|-m¤úv`K]



51 51

BRwZnv`‡K Ab¨ e¨w³i Rb¨ ¯’vqx I Acwinvh© `jxj wnmv‡e ¯xK…wZ †`qv hvq| D³ f~wgKvi c‡i wKQz gvby‡li Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wei“‡× KwZcq Awf‡hvM I †auvKvevwRi Reve †ck Kiv nÕj|

mgv‡jvPbv-1 : ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U kviC `jxj †mªd `yÕwU| 1. KziAvb 2. nv`xQ| Z…Zxq †Kvb `jxj †bBÕ|

Reve : bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, 8 �)� �� ¯%� 0 � ��ª �� ÔAvj−vn Avgvi D¤§Z‡K KL‡bv †Mvgivnxi Dc‡i HKë× Ki‡eb bvÕ|136 GB nv`xQ Øviv BRgv‡q D¤§Z (D¤§‡Zi BRgv)-Gi `jxj nIqv cÖgvwYZ nq|137 nv‡dh Avãyj−vn Mvhxcyix gynvwÏQ (g„t 1337 wnt) e‡jb, ÔGi Øviv †KD †hb GUv bv ey‡Sb †h, Avn‡jnv`xQiv BRgv‡q D¤§Z I wK¡qv‡m kviC‡K A¯xKvi K‡i| †Kbbv hLb G `yÕwU e¯‘ KziAvb I mybœvn Øviv cÖgvwYZ n‡e, ZLb KziAvb I mybœvn&i AbymiY Ki‡jB BRgv I wK¡qvm‡K gvbv n‡q hv‡eÕ|138

cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U BRgv‡q D¤§Z (hw` cÖgvwYZ nq) kviC `jxj| G Kvi‡YB gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ (nvh‡iv) cwÎKvi cÖvq cÖ‡Z¨K msL¨v‡ZB †jLv _vKZ †h, ÔKziAvb, nv`xQ I BRgvi evZ©vevnKÕ| GUvI ¯§iY ivLv ìKvi †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U BRwZnv` Rv‡qh| †hgbUv f‚wgKvq Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn|

136. nv‡Kg nv/399, mb` Qnxn| 137. †`Lyb : gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ 1g msL¨v, c„t 4, Ryb 2004 wLªt| [GLv‡b D¤§Z ej‡Z

Qvnvev‡q †Kivg‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †hgb Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (164-241 wnt) e‡jb, -[Z 6J� f¡8� 0�� % Ô†h e¨w³ (QvnvexM‡Yi c‡i) BRgv-Gi `vex K‡i †m wg_¨vev`xÕ (Bjvgyj gyIqvw°Cb 1/24)|-m¤úv`K]

138. BeivD Avnwjj nv`xQ Iqvj KziAvb c„t 32|



mgv‡jvPbv-2 : Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i ¯vaxbZv i‡q‡Q †h, †m mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi ey‡Si cwie‡Z© e¨w³MZ eyS Abyhvqx KziAvb I nv`xQ eySvi †Póv Ki‡e| Reve : GB Awf‡hvM m¤c~Y© fyj| eis Gi wecix‡Z nv‡dh Avãyj−vn †ivcox (g„t 1384 wnt) e‡jb, ÔmviK_v GB †h, Avgiv †Zv GKUv K_vB Rvwb| Zv GB †h, mvjv‡di †Ljvd (wecixZ) Kiv bvRv‡qhÕ|139

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi eyS Abyhvqx KyiAvb I nv`xQ‡K eyS‡Z n‡e Ges mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi ey‡Si wecix‡Z e¨w³MZ eyS‡K †`qv‡j Qzu‡o gvi‡Z n‡e| G Kvi‡YB gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ cwÎKvi cÖvq cÖ‡Z¨K msL¨vi †k‡l †jLv _vKZ †h, Ômvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi me©m¤§Z ey‡Si cÖPviÕ|

mgv‡jvPbv-3 : Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U ïay Qnxn eyLvix I Qnxn gymwjgB `jxj| Zuviv Ab¨vb¨ nv`xQ MÖš’mg~n‡K gv‡b bv| Reve : GB Awf‡hvMI wfwËnxb| KviY Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U Qnxn nv`xQ mg~n `jxj| PvB †m¸‡jv Qnxn eyLvix I Qnxn gymwj‡g _vKzK ev mybv‡b Avey vE`, wZiwghx, bvmvC, Be‡b gvRvn, gymbv‡` Avngv`, gyQvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvqevn I Ab¨vb¨ nv`xQ MÖš’ mg~‡n Qnxn I nvmvb wj-hvwZwn mb‡` gIRy _vKzK| gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ mn Avgv‡ì mKj MÖš’ G K_vi mv¶x †h, Avgiv Qnxnv‡q‡bi cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨ nv`xQ MÖš’vejxi Qnxn eY©bv mg~n ØvivI `jxj †ck K‡i _vwK| mgv‡jvPbv-4 : Avn‡jnv`xQiv ZvK¡jx` K‡i bv| Reve : R¡x n uv| Avn‡jnv`xQiv ZvK¡jx` K‡i bv| KviY ZvK¡jx` Rv‡qh ev IqvwRe nIqvi †Kvb cÖgvY KyiAvb, nv`xQ I BRgvq †bB| Avi mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi AvQvi mg~n ØvivI ZvK¡jx` cÖgvwYZ bq| eis gyÔAvh web Rvevj (ivt) e‡j‡Qb, %�� 3j� Oy� t�DG� �� R�� M= 'Q�� ÔAv‡j‡gi fy‡ji e¨vcv‡i e³e¨ nÕj, hw` wZwb †n`vqv‡Zi Dc‡iI 139. dvZvIqv Avn‡jnv`xQ 1/111|



53 53

P‡jb, ZeyI †Zvgv‡ì Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i Zvi ZvK¡jx` K‡iv bvÕ|140 Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi D”Pgh©v`vm¤úbœ Bgvg gynv¤§v` web Bìxm Avk-kv‡dC (int) wb‡Ri Ges Ab¨‡ì ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|141 Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi cÖwm× Av‡jg nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int) e‡j‡Qb †h,

°P� lY�� RKG �� O�M�� ÔGB (ZvK¡jx‡ì) we`ÔAvZ PZz_© (wnRix) kZ‡K m„wó n‡q‡QÕ|142

cÖKvk _v‡K †h, KziAvb I mybœvn&i Dc‡i Avgj Kiv Ges we`ÔAvZ †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi g‡a¨B BnKvj I ciKv‡j mdjZv jv‡fi wbðqZv i‡q‡Q| mgv‡jvPbv-5 : Iqvnx`yh&hvgvb nvq`vivev`x GUv wj‡L‡Qb Ges bIqve wQÏxK¡ nvmvb Lvb IUv wj‡L‡Qb| b~i“j nvmvb GUv wj‡L‡Qb Ges evUvjfx IUv wj‡L‡Qb| Reve : Iqvnx yh&hvgvb, bIqve wQÏxK¡ nvmvb Lvb, b~i“j nvmvb, evUvjfx †hB †nvb bv †Kb, G‡ì †KDB Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì AvKv‡ei-Gi Aš—f©y³ bb| hw` nÕ‡Zb ZeyI Avn‡jnv`xQiv AvKv‡ei c~Rvix bq|

Iqvnx`yh&hvgvb Qv‡ne †Zv GKRb cÖZ¨vL¨vZ e¨w³ wQ‡jb|143 †Ìe›`x gyK¡vwj− gv÷vi Avgxb DKvoex G K_v ¯xKvi K‡i‡Qb †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jg-Ijvgv I mvaviY RbMY me©m¤§wZµ‡g Iqvnx`yh&hvgvb I Ab¨‡ì MÖš’¸‡jv‡K fyj AvL¨v w`‡q †m¸‡jv‡K bvKP K‡i‡Qb|144

kveŸxi Avngv` IQgvbx †Ìe›`xi wbK‡U Iqvnx`yh&hvgvb-Gi (Qnxn eyLvixi) Abyev` cm›`bxq wQj|145 Iqvnx`yh&hvgvb Qv‡ne mvaviY gvby‡li Rb¨ ZvK¡jx`‡K IqvwRe g‡b Ki‡Zb|146 GRb¨ Iqvnx`yh&hvgv‡bi mKj 140. Bgvg IqvKx, wKZveyh hyn` 1/300, nv/71, mb` nvmvb; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv

c„t 38| 141. wKZveyj D¤§, gyLZvQvi“j gyhvbx c„t 1; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 38| 142. BÔjvgyj gyIqvw°Cb 2/208; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 32| 143. †`Lyb : gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ (nvh‡iv), msL¨v 23, c„t 36, 40| 144. ZvnKxK gvmAvjv‡q ZvK¡jx` c„t 6| 145. †`Lyb : gynv¤§v` BqvnBqv wQÏxK¡x †Ìe›`x, dvhjyj evix 1/23| 146. †`Lyb : byhyjyj Aveivi, c„t 7, cÖKvkK : jv‡nv‡ii †Ìe›`xMY|



D×„wZ †Ìe›`x I ZvK¡jx`cš’x‡ì wec‡¶ †ck Kiv DwPZ| bIqve wQÏxK¡ nvmvb Lvb Qv‡ne (ZvK¡jx` bv Kiv) nvbvdx wQ‡jb|147 b~i“j nvmvb GKRb AÁvZ e¨w³ Ges Zvi w`‡K m¤úwK©Z MÖš’mg~n Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U MÖnY‡hvM¨ MÖš’mg~‡ni ZvwjKv‡Z †bB| eis G mKj MÖ‡š’ dvZvIqv wenxb I Avgjwenxb welqmg~n Aš—f©y³ _vKvi Kvi‡Y †m¸‡jv cÖZ¨vL¨vZ|

gynv¤§v` ûmvBb evUvjfx (int) Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jg wQ‡jb| Z‡e wZwb AvKv‡ei-Gi g‡a¨ wQ‡jb bv| eis GKRb mvaviY Av‡jg wQ‡jb| whwb me©cÖ_g wgh©v †Mvjvg Avngv` Kvw`qvbxi wei“‡× Kv‡di drIqv w`‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi ÔAvj-BK¡wZQv`Õ MÖš’wU cwiZ¨vR¨ MÖš’ mg~‡ni Aš—f©y³| evUvjfx Qv‡n‡ei R‡b¥i kZ kZ eQi c~e© †_‡KB `ywbqvi ey‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ gIRy wQj|148 mviK_v GB †h, D³ Av‡jg-Ijvgv I Ab¨vb¨ †QvU-Lv‡Uv Av‡jg‡ì e³e¨‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wei“‡× †ck Kiv g¯—eo hyjyg| hw` wKQz †ck Ki‡ZB nq ZvnÕ‡j Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wec‡¶ KyiAvb gvRx`, Qnxn nv`xQ mg~n, BRgv Ges mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb †hgb Qvnvex, wbf©i‡hvM¨ Zv‡eC I Zv‡e Zv‡eC Ges eo eo gynvwÏQM‡Yi e³e¨ †ck Ki“K| Ab¨_vq ùvZfv½v Reve cv‡e BbkvAvj−vn| mZKx©KiY : Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U KyiAvb, nv`xQ I BRgvi my có we‡ivax mKj e³e¨B cÖZ¨vL¨vZ| PvB †m¸‡jvi eY©bvKvix A_ev †m¸‡jvi †jLK hZ D”Pgh©v`vm¤úbœ e¨w³B †nvb bv †Kb| mgv‡jvPbv-6 : ÔgydZxÕ Avãyj nv`x †Ìe›`x I A‡bïv wj‡L‡Qb †h, ÔGUv GKUv HwZnvwmK mZ¨ †h, Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− x‡bi (hviv wb‡R‡ì‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ e‡j) Aw¯—Z¡ Bs‡iR‡ì Avg‡ji Av‡M wQj bvÕ|149 147. gvAvwQ‡i wQÏxK¡x 4/1; nv`xQ AvIi Avn‡jnv`xQ c„t 84| 148. †`Lyb : gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ msL¨v 29, c„t 13-33| 149. bdm †K c~Rvix c„t 1|



55 55

Reve : `yB †kªYxi †jvK‡ì‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ ejv nq| 1. Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ (wbf©i‡hvM¨ I mZëv`x) gynvwÏQx‡b †Kivg, hviv ZvK¡jx‡ì cÖe³v bb| 2. gynvwÏQx‡b †Kiv‡gi Abymvix Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ mvaviY RbMY| hviv ZvK¡jx` QvovB KziAvb I mybœvn&i Dc‡i Avgj K‡i| GB `yB †kªYx Lvqi“j Kziƒb (†mvbvjx hyM) †_‡K A`¨vewa cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡MB we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| cÖ_g `jxj : Qvnvev‡q †Kivg (ivt) †_‡K ZvK¡jx‡` kvLQx I ZvK¡jx‡` Mv‡qi kvLQxi †Kvb my úó cÖgvY †bB| eis gyÔAvh web Rvevj (ivt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAv‡j‡gi fy‡ji e¨vcv‡i e³e¨ nÕj, hw` wZwb †n`vqv‡Zi Dc‡iI P‡jb, ZeyI †Zvgv‡ì Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i Zvi ZvK¡jx` Ki‡e bvÕ|150 Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡j‡Qb, :`�� 'Q�� M=8 Ô†Zvgv‡ì Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i †jvK‡ì ZvK¡jx` K‡iv bvÕ|151 †Kvb QvnvexB Zv‡ì e³‡eï we‡ivax †bB| GRb¨ cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, G wel‡q QvnvexM‡Yi BRgv i‡q‡Q †h, ZvK¡jx` wbwl×| Avi GUvI cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, mKj Qvnvex Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb| ¯§Z©e¨ †h, GB BRgvi we‡ivwaZvKvix I A¯xKviKvixiv †hme `jxj-cÖgvY †ck K‡i _v‡Kb, Zv‡Z ÔZvK¡jx`Õ kãwU †bB| wØZxq `jxj : cÖwm× D”Pgh©v`vm¤úbœ Zv‡eC Bgvg kvÔex (int) e‡j‡Qb,

;% ;±69YE�;� @}78F$;G C�;� @:6F#;. @�� 0 U �� 5( � ' #� NKF�7� 3@5@� ;%;� FR69�7] C'@J@�N�;�@� @5@MN�7\7� 0@� FTN��h ÔG mKj e¨w³ ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi †h nv`xQ †Zvgvi

Kv‡Q eY©bv K‡i, Zzwg †mUv‡K (ghe~Zfv‡e) a‡iv| Avi Zviv ¯xq ivq †_‡K (KziAvb-mybœvn we‡ivax) †hme K_v e‡j, Zv AveR©bvi (¯Z‚‡c) Qzu‡o gv‡ivÕ|152 150. Bgvg IqvKx, wKZveyh hyn`, 1/300, nv/71, mb` nvmvb; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv

gvmAvjv, c„t 36| 151. evqnvK¡x, Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv, 2/10, mb` Qnxn| Av‡iv †`Lyb : Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv

gvmAvjv, c„t 35| 152. `v‡igx nv/200, mb` Qnxn; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv, c„t 37|



Beivnxg bvLCi mvg‡b R‰bK e¨w³ mvC` web Ryev‡qi (int)-Gi gš—e¨ †ck Ki‡j wZwb e‡jb, % �/= ��² �(,# �� z�` �% :6] :6#. ��

0 U �� 5( � ' #�h Ôivm~j (Qvt)-Gi nv`x‡Qi †gvKvwejvq mvC` web Ryev‡qi-Gi e³e¨ w`‡q Zzwg wK Ki‡e?Õ153 †Kvb GKRb Zv‡eC †_‡KI ZvK¡jx` Rv‡qh ev IqvwRe nIqv cÖgvwYZ bq| GRb¨ D³ D×„wZ mg~n Ges Ab¨vb¨ Dw³ Øviv my úóiƒ‡c cÖwZfvZ nq †h, ZvK¡jx` wbwl× nIqvi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡eCM‡YiI BRgv i‡q‡Q| Avi GUv GK_vi my úó `jxj †h, mKj Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ wbf©i‡hvM¨ Zv‡eCMY Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb| Z…Zxq `jxj : Zv‡e Zv‡eC nvKvg web DZvqev e‡jb, d(� �� % a��

8P l�� KL� �% 5�6] �� ±.= 8P k�� 0 U �� 5( � ' #� ÔZzwg cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i K_v‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡iv, Avevi eR©bI Ki‡Z cv‡iv| †Kej ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi K_v e¨ZxZÕ|154 Zv‡e Zv‡eC‡bi †Kvb GKRb wbf©i‡hvM¨ Zv‡e Zv‡eC †_‡K ZvK¡jx‡` kvLQx I ZvK¡jx‡` Mv‡qi kvLQxi †Kvb cÖgvY †bB| GRb¨ G wel‡qI BRgv i‡q‡Q †h, mKj wbf©i‡hvM¨ I Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Zv‡e Zv‡eCb Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb| PZz_© `jxj : Zv‡e Zv‡eC‡bi Abymvix‡ì ga¨ nÕ‡Z GKwU RvgvÔAvZ ZvK¡jx` †_‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| †hgb Bgvg Avey Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` web Bìxm Avk-kv‡dC (int) wb‡Ri Ges Ab¨‡ì ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|155 Bgvg kv‡dC e‡j‡Qb, �� M= 8 Ô†Zvgiv Avgvi ZvK¡jx`

K‡iv bvÕ|156 Bgvg Avngv` e‡j‡Qb, 8 � M= �� % }8$G 153. Beby nvhg, Avj-BnKvg 6/293, mb` Qnxn; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv, c„t 38| 154. Avj-BnKvg 6/293, mb` Qnxn| 155. wKZveyj D¤§, gyLZvQvi“j gyhvbx c„t 1| 156. Beby Avex nvwZg, Av`veyk kv‡dC Iqv gvbvwKeyû c„t 51, mb` nvmvb|



57 57

Ô†Zvgvi Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡ì ga¨ nÕ‡Z †Kvb GKR‡biI ZvK¡jx` K‡iv bvÕ|157 GKwU Qnxn nv`x‡Q Av‡Q †h, Z¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivn (nK¡cš’x‡ì cÖK…Z `j) me© vB n‡Ki Dc‡i weRqx _vK‡e| Gi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg eyLvix e‡jb, ÔA_©vr Gi Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj Avn‡jnv`xQÕ|158 Bgvg KyZvqev web mvC` e‡j‡Qb, �[P l��. W`�� rw WG� 3��!� ...

5�y� 0 � �"�� ÔZzwg hw` †Kvb e¨w³‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z

†`L, ... (ZLb Rvb‡e †h,) †mB e¨w³ mybœv‡Zi Dc‡i Av‡QÕ|159

Bgvg Avngv` web wmbvb Avj-IqvwmZ¡x e‡j‡Qb, S8@P ef@�;DC�F% ;(C�H�� 0@� ;dC(7�@�C�@�;TN�� 7WCG7� Fg;�C�;� ;6FG;�h Ô`ywbqv‡Z Ggb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx †bB, †h

Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i bvÕ|160 cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, mKj Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Ges wbf©i‡hvM¨ AvZev‡q Zv‡e Zv‡eCb (Zv‡e Zv‡eCM‡Yi AbymvixMY) Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb Ges Zuviv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| eis Zuviv Ab¨‡ì‡KI ZvK¡jx` †_‡K wb‡la Ki‡Zb| cÂg `jxj : nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) wj‡L‡Qb,

E%7� HV@.;�F�N�� 6F�7�;� ;�F��;� @O;%;%@y7� n@� @5NM@?N�� C�@% @WCG7� N��@C@�;J@Dh E%7�;� e'@ C"F% HV@K@%C�D��;� Hn@A;"E��;� F�C��;� 5; ;% F�C��;� 7�;)C�;<FL 6F�7�;� 07 C,;� F.�E<;�N��;� C'FGF6CT;�;� C'FJ7�

07 ;� @r;GNK;% @WCG7� @��@�;TN��. �6F"C(7� ;��@� 7MF% p�@��;6@� @5@C(;,@� ;�@% @};)7 F,N�� 7�;� C'FG ;�@% @�E)@A7\N�� ;��@�@J;DC�F)N�� 07 ;� @�7 NB@yN��h

157. gvmvBjy Avey vE` c„t 277| 158. LZxe evM`v`x, gvmAvjvZzj BnwZRvR wek-kv‡dC c„t 47, mb` Qnxn| 159. H, kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ, nv/143 c„t 134, mb` Qnxn| 160. nv‡Kg, gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 4, mb` Qnxn| Av‡iv m~‡Îi Rb¨ †`Lyb : gvwmK

ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ msL¨v 29, c„t 13-33|



ÔBgvg eyLvix I Avey vE` wdK¡‡ni Bgvg I gyRZvwn` (gyZ¡jvK¡) wQ‡jb| c¶vš—‡i Bgvg gymwjg, wZiwghx, bvmvC, Be‡b gvRvn, Be‡b Lyhvqgvn, Avey BÔqvjv, evhhvi cÖgyL Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| Zviv †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv| Avi Zviv gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡I wQ‡jb bvÕ|161

cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, mKj Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Ges wbf©i‡hvM¨ gynvwÏQMY ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| eis Zuviv Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb| eZ©gv‡b wKQz gvbyl G `vex K‡i †h, hviv gyRZvwn` bb Zv‡ì Dc‡i ZvK¡jx` IqvwRe| nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvi Dc‡ivwj−wLZ Dw³ Øviv Zv‡ì `vex bvKP n‡q hvq| †Kbbv Dwj−wLZ gynvwÏQMY nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvi `„wó‡Z bv gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡ wQ‡jb, Avi bv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb| ¯§Z©e¨ †h, H mKj D”Pgh©v`vm¤úbœ gynvwÏQM‡Yi gyRZvwn` bv nIqvi e¨vcviwU AMÖnY‡hvM¨|162 lô `jxj : wnRix Z…Zxq kZ‡Ki †k‡li w`‡K g„Zy eiYKvix Bgvg K¡v‡mg web gynv¤§v` Avj-KyiZyex (g„t 276 wnt) ZvK¡jx‡ì cÖwZev‡` ÔAvj-Chvn

wdi ivwÏ Avjvj gyK¡vwj− xbÕ )�� M+� 0 � �� ~ ¤I��( kxl©K GKwU

MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb|163 mßg `jxj : PZz_© wnRix kZ‡K g„Zz eiYKvix mZëv`x Bgvg AveyeKi Avãyj−vn web Avey vE` Avm-wmwR¯—vbx (g„t 316 wnt) e‡j‡Qb,

'J�� 6J = 16] �% �= 8� *¤�M=� ��!� WG� � �,�D�

ÔZzwg H †jvK‡ì `jfy³ n‡qv bv, hviv ¯xq Øxb‡K wb‡q †Lj-Zvgvkv K‡i| bZzev ZzwgI Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K wZi®‹vi I †`vlv‡ivc Ki‡eÕ|164 161. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 20/40| 162. †`Lyb : Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 51| 163. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 13/329| 164. AvRyix©, wKZveyk kixÔAvn c„t 975, mb` Qnxn|



59 59

Aóg `jxj : 5g wnRix kZ‡K nv‡dh Beby nvhg hv‡nix Av›`vjymx `„ßK‡É †NvlYv K‡ib †h, ÔZvK¡jx` nvivgÕ|165 beg `jxj : nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg Avj-RvIwhqvn †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb, °P�

lY�� RKG �� O�M�� 16%K+� 0 � O"� :6#. �� Ô(ZvK¡jx‡`i) GB we`ÔAvZ PZz_© kZvãx‡Z m„wó n‡q‡Q| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi (cweÎ) hev‡b †hB kZK wbw›`ZÕ|166 nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg ¯xq cÖwm× K¡vQx`vn Ôb~wbqvnÕ‡Z e‡j‡Qb,

§�� !� WG� I��% �* O�(�� 8� �M,� �� Ô†n Avn‡jnv`xQ‡`i cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlYKvix I Mvwj cÖ vbKvix! Zzwg kqZv‡bi mv‡_ eÜyZ¡ ¯’vc‡bi mymsev` MÖnY KiÕ|167 `kg `jxj : 5g wnRix kZ‡K g„Zz eiYKvix Avey gvbQ‚i Avãyj K¡v‡ni web Z¡v‡ni AvZ-Zvgxgx Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 429 wnt) ¯xq MÖ‡š’ e‡j‡Qb, Cn@�@.C6F�9Y9Y;� @2;�C�@<;�N��;� @1C�H�� F�@[email protected]�9Y;� @1E�� ;�;� 7O;�C(;�C.7[� @-@�EH"�� @WCG7� C�@% @�C�@�;TN�� @WCG7� @r;GNK;% 07 ;� C'FJs 9Z @-�;6C�7\N�� Ô†ivg mxgvš—, Avj‡Rwiqv, wmwiqv, AvhvievBRvb Ges eveyj AveIqve (ga¨ ZzwK© —vb) cÖf„wZ GjvKvi mKj gymwjg Awaevmx Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi ga¨ †_‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jbÕ|168 D‡j−wLZ (I Ab¨vb¨) `jxjmg~n Øviv my cóiƒ‡c cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQMY ÔAvn‡j mybœvZÕ-Gi Aš—fy©³ Ges bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi hyM †_‡K ïi“ K‡i me©hy‡MB Avn‡jnv`xQMY wQ‡jb| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn|

G¶‡Y KwZcq Bjhvgx `jxj-cÖgvY Dc¯’vcb Kiv nÕj :

165. Avb-byehvZzj Kvwdqvn dx AvnKvwg DQ~wjÏxb c„t 70| 166. BÔjvgyj gyqvw°ÔCb 2/208| 167. Avj-KvwdqvZzk kvwdqvn c„t 199| 168. DQ~jy Øxb c„t 317|



cÖgvY-1 : ÔgydZxÕ ikx` Avngv` jywaqvbex †Ìe›`x wj‡L‡Qb, ÔKvQvKvwQ wØZxq-Z…Zxq wnRix kZ‡K nKcš’x‡ì gv‡S kvLv-cÖkvLvMZ gvmAvjv mg~‡ni mgvavbK‡í m„ó gZ‡f‡ì †cÖw¶‡Z cuvPwU gZev` cÖwZwôZ nq| A_©vr Pvi gvhnve I Avn‡jnv`xQ| ZrKvjxb mgq nÕ‡Z A`¨vewa D³ cuvPwU ZixKvi g‡a¨B nK mxgve× i‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b Kiv nqÕ|169 GB †Ìe›`xi ¯xKv‡ivw³ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQMY 101 Ges 201 wnRix †_‡K c„w_exi ey‡K we`¨gvb i‡q‡Qb| cÖgvY-2 : Zvdmx‡i n°vbxi †jLK Avãyj nK n°vbx †`njfx e‡j‡Qb, Ôkv‡dC, nv¤jx, gv‡jKx, nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei AbymvixMY Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi Aš—f©y³| Avi Avn‡jnv`xQMYI Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi g‡a¨B Aš—f©y³Õ|170 GB MÖš’wU Kv‡mg bvb~Zzexi cm›`bxq|171 cÖgvY-3 : Dc‡iv‡j−wLZ D×„wZi Av‡jv‡K gynv¤§v` K¡v‡mg bvb~Zzex †Ìe›`xI Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K Avn‡j mybœvZ wnmv‡e ¯xK…wZ cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb| Avi Avn‡j mybœvZ m¤c‡K© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) wj‡L‡Qb, C�@% @WCG7� @�EH"�� @�;�;);�N��;� er;GNK;% e³@�7] eq�F�C,;% 7WC�7] NO7� ;_9 C�;� m�� ;�7�

7�7?(@;� cQ@�;%;� En@,@�E��;� 3;�;)C�7�;� F5E�@y7� Fr;GNK;% @�;�;TE/��h ÔAvey nvbxdv, gv‡jK, kv‡dC I Avngv`‡K Avj−vn m„wó Kivi c~e© †_‡KB Avn‡j mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨ GKwU cÖwm× I cÖvPxb gvhnve we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| Avi †mwU nÕj QvnvexM‡Yi gvhnveÕ|172

GB D×„wZ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQMY Avn‡j mybœvZ fy³ Ges Pvi gvhnv‡ei Aw¯—Z¡ jv‡fi c~e© †_‡K aivi ey‡K we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn| cÖgvY-4 : ÔgydZxÕ wKdvqvZzj−vn †`njfx †Ìe›`x GKwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z wM‡q wj‡L‡Qb, Ônüv, Avn‡jnv`xQMY gymjgvb Ges Avn‡j mybœvZ 169. Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv 1/316; gI`~ x Qv‡ne AvIi ZvLix‡e Bmjvg c„t 20| 170. nv°vbx AvK¡v‡q‡` Bmjvg c„t 3| 171. †`Lyb : H, c„t 264| 172. wgbnvRym mybœvn Avb-bvevweBqvn (êiƒZ : `vi“j KzZze Avj-BjwgBqvn) 1/256|



61 61

Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi Aš—f©y³| Zv‡ì mv‡_ we‡q-kv`xi eÜ‡b Ave× nIqv Rv‡qh| ïay ZvK¡jx` eR©b Kiv‡Z Bmjv‡g †Kvb hvq Av‡m bv| GgbwK ZvK¡jx` eR©bKvix e¨w³ Avn‡j mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ †_‡KI LvwiR n‡q hvq bvÕ|173 cÖgvY-5 : Avkivd Avjx _vbfx †Ìe›`x wj‡L‡Qb, Ôhw`P G wel‡q BRgv D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Pvi gvhnve‡K eR©b K‡i cÂg gvhnve m„wó Kiv Rv‡qh bq| A_v©r †h gvmAvjvwU Pvi gvhnve Abymvix‡ì we‡ivax n‡e, Zvi Dc‡i Avgj Kiv Rv‡qh bq| KviY GB Pvi gvhnv‡ei g‡a¨B nK mxgve× I mxwgZ i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Gi c‡¶I †Kvb `jxj †bB| †Kbbv Avn‡j hv‡ni ev hv‡nix gZev‡ì †jvKRb cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡MB we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| Avi GUvI bq †h, Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K cÖe„wËc~Rvix Ges D³ HK¨gZ †_‡K Avjv`v _vK‡e| wØZxqZt hw` BRgv mve¨¯—I n‡q hvq, ZeyI ZvK¡jx‡` kvLQxi Dc‡i †Zv KL‡bv BRgv-B nqwbÕ|174 ch©v‡jvPbvi mvims‡¶c : ÔgydZxÕ Avãyj nv`x I Ab¨vb¨ wg_y K‡ì e³e¨ ÔBs‡iR‡ì Avg‡ji c~‡e© Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aw¯—Z¡ wQj bvÕ m¤ú~Y© wg_¨v I evwZj| nKcš’x Av‡jg-Ijvgvi D×„wZ Ges ZvK¡jx`cš’x‡ì ¯xKv‡ivw³ I eY©bvi gva¨‡g cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ZvK¡jx` bv Kiv Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aw¯—Z¡ cyY¨gq cÖ_g wnRix kZK †_‡K ïi“ K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡MB we`¨gvb Av‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K †Ìe›`x I ZvK¡jx`cš’x wdK©v¸‡jvi Aw¯—Z¡ Lvqi“j Kziƒb-Gi eiKZgq hyM AwZevwnZ nIqvi c‡i wewfbœ hy‡M m„wó n‡q‡Q| †hgb Bs‡iR‡ì Avg‡j 1867 mv‡j †Ìe›`x gvhnv‡ei wfwË ’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avkivd Avjx _vbfx †Ìe›`x‡K wR‡Ám Kiv n‡qwQj †h, hw` Avcbv‡ì ûKzgZ cÖwZwôZ n‡q hvq, ZvnÕ‡j Bs‡iR‡ì mv‡_ †Kgb AvPiY Ki‡eb? wZwb DËi †`b,

173. wKdvqvZzj gydZx 1/325, DËi bs 370| 174. ZvhwKivZzi ikx` 1/131|


62 62 Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU êwkó¨MZ bvg �� !�� "��# �� $� � �%��&�'( )*�+ �,�- ��.�� /� 0121�� "�34� 56�7�8��9 �� :�;� � �7<�5=��:�>��9 ��# �� ?��@�A� 0B��C�� D�E��

ÔcÖRv evwb‡q ivLe| †Kbbv hLb Avj−vn ûKzgZ w`‡eb ZLb †Zv cÖRv evwb‡qB ivLe| Z‡e mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡ì‡K AZ¨š— Avivg-Av‡q‡ki g‡a¨ ivLv n‡e| GRb¨ †h, Zviv (Bs‡iRiv) Avgv‡ì‡K kvwš— w`‡q‡Q| (GUv) Bmjv‡giI wk¶v| Avi c„w_exi Ab¨ †Kvb a‡g© Bmjv‡gi g‡Zv wk¶v cvIqv hv‡e bvÕ|175 cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Bs‡iRiv †Ìe›`x‡ì‡K A‡bK Avivg-Av‡q‡ki g‡a¨ †i‡LwQj| GKRb Bs‡iR hLb †Ìe›` gvìvmv cwi`k©b K‡ib, ZLb GB gvìvmvi e¨vcv‡i AZ¨š— myaviYv cÖKvk K‡i wZwb wj‡Lb, F�G�H�C��IJ�KL�� M��IJ�N#O�P��IJ�Q R�7 ÔGB gvìvmvwU miKvi we‡ivax bq| eis miKv‡ii AbyK~‡j Ges miKv‡ii g```vZv I mvnvh¨KvixÕ|176

Bs‡iR miKv‡ii g```vZv I AbyK‚j (i¶vKvix I AvbyK~j¨ cÖ vbKvix) Ges mvnvh¨Kvix gvìvmv m¤ú‡K© GwU GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© D×„wZ| †hwU ¯qs †Ìe›`xMY wj‡L‡Qb Ges †KD G e³‡eï cÖwZev` K‡iwb| mgv‡jvPbv-7 : ÔgydZxÕ Avãyj nv`x †Ìe›`x I Abïv e‡j †h, mKj gynvwÏQB gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb|

Reve : Bs‡iR‡ì Avg‡j cÖwZwôZ †Ìe›` gvìvmvi cÖwZôvZv K¡v‡mg bvb~Zzexi R‡b¥i kZ kZ eQi c~‡e© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) gynvwÏQM‡Yi (gymwjg, wZiwghx, bvmvC cÖgyL) m¤ú‡K© wj‡L‡Qb, ÔZuviv

175. gvjd~hv‡Z nvKxgyj D¤§vZ 6/55, ePb bs 107| 176. gynv¤§v` AvBq~e Kv‡ìx, gynv¤§v` Avnmvb bvb~Zzex, c„t 217; dvLi“j Ijvgv c„t 60|



63 63

Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| Zuviv bv †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb, Avi bv Zuviv gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡ wQ‡jbÕ|177 ïay GB GKwU D×„wZi gva¨‡gI Avãyj nv`x (Ges Zvi mKj c„ô‡cvl‡Ki) wg_¨vev`x nIqv cÖgvwYZ nq| ¯§Z©e¨ †h, wbf©i‡hvM¨ I Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gynvwÏQM‡Yi ga¨ †_‡K †Kvb GKR‡biI gyK¡vwj− nIqv cÖgvwYZ bq| ÔZ¡vevKv‡Z nvbvwdqvÕ cÖf„wZ MÖ‡š’i D‡Ïk¨ Kw¯§bKv‡jI GUv bq †h, H mKj MÖ‡š’ Dwj−wLZ mKj e¨w³ gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb| Avqbx nvbvdx (!) e‡j‡Qb, ÔgyK¡vwj− fyj K‡i Ges gyK¡vwj− AÁZvi cvc K‡i| Avi ZvK¡jx‡ì Kvi‡Y mKj e¯‘i wec`Õ|178 hvqjvC nvbvdx (!) e‡j‡Qb, Ôe¯‘Zt gyK¡vwj− fyj K‡i Ges AÁZvi Aciva K‡i _v‡KÕ|179 mgv‡jvPbv-8 : Bs‡iR Avg‡ji Av‡M wn›`y —v‡b Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aw¯—Z¡ Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq bv|

Reve : wnRix PZz_© kZ‡Ki HwZnvwmK gynv¤§v` web Avngv` web AveyeKi Avj-wekvix Avj-gvK¡‡`mx (g„t 375 wnt) gvbQ~ivi (wmÜz) Awaevmx‡ì m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, 'J�G�K% : l��.� �� -TU� 'G�bZ�

/=� d�.�= 5�� 5�GK% � �%%P �� V.6/+� �)´ �� nªM�� ] 3{(�c�"� c2�� DZ {Uh ÔZv‡ì gvhnve nÕj Zviv AwaKvskB AvQnveyj

nv`xQ| Avwg Kvhx Avey gynv¤§v` gvbQ‚ix‡K †`‡LwQ, whwb `vE`x I ¯xq gvhnv‡ei Bgvg wQ‡jb| wZwb cvV`vb I MÖš’ cÖYq‡b wbgMœ wQ‡jb| wZwb †ekwKQz PgrKvi MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡QbÕ|180

`vE` web Avjx Avh-hv‡nixi gvbnv‡Ri Dc‡i AvgjKvix‡ì‡K hv‡nix ejv nÕZ| Zviv ZvK¡jx` †_‡K `~‡i wQ‡jb| 177. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 20/40| 178. Avj-webvqv dx kviwnj †n`vqv 1/317| 179. bvQeyi ivqvn, 1/219| Av‡iv †`Lyb : Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 39, 46| 180. AvnmvbyZ ZvK¡vmxg dx gvÔwidvwZj AvK¡vjxg c„t 481|



Avngv` kvn `yi©vbx‡K civwRZKvix gyMj ev`kvn Avngv` kvn web bvwQi“Ïxb gynv¤§v` kvn (kvmbKvj : 1161-1167wnt/1748-1753 wLªt)-Gi Avg‡j g„Zy eiYKvix kvqL gynv¤§v` dv‡Li Bjvnvev`x (g„t 1164 wnt/1751 Bs) e‡j‡Qb †h, ÔRgn~i weØvbM‡Yi wbK‡U wbw`©ó †Kvb gvhnv‡ei ZvK¡jx` Kiv Rv‡qh bq| eis BRwZnv` IqvwRe| wnRix PZz_© kZ‡K ZvK¡jx‡ì we`ÔAvZ m„wó n‡q‡QÕ|181

kvqL gynv¤§v` dv‡Li Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, �� S T �$U�� V � ÔwKš‘ Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gvhnve Ab¨vb¨ gvhnv‡ei †P‡q †ekx nK-Gi Dc‡i cÖwZwôZ i‡q‡QÕ|182 cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, †Ìe›` I †eªjfx gvìvmv cÖwZôvi A‡bK Av‡M †_‡KB wn›`y —v‡b Avn‡jnv`xQiv gIRy wQj| GRb¨ ÔBs‡iR‡ì Avg‡ji Av‡M Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aw¯—‡Z¡i cÖgvY cvIqv hvq bvÕ- GgbUv ejv m¤c~Y© wg_¨v I åvš—|183 mgv‡jvPbv-9 : Avãyi ingvb cvwbc_x e‡j‡Qb †h, (cÖwm× Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jg) Avãyj nK †ebvimx (mvB‡q`v) Av‡qkv (ivt)-†K gyiZv` ej‡Zb Ges ej‡Zb †h, Avgv‡ì †P‡q QvnvexM‡Yi Bjg Kg wQj|184 Reve : Avãyi ingvb cvwbc_x GKRb KÆi wdK©¡vevR gyK¡vwj− Ges gvIjvbv Avãyj nK †ebvimxi KwVb we‡ivax wQ‡jb| D³ cvwbc_x D‡j−wLZ Awf‡hv‡Mi †Kvb m~Î gvIjvbv Avãyj n‡K¡i †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K †ck K‡ibwb| Avi bv G ai‡bi †Kvb e³e¨ †ebvimxi †Kvb MÖ‡š’ Av‡Q| GRb¨ Avãyi ingvb cvwbc_x †Muvovwg I we‡ivwaZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z wM‡q gvIjvbv Avãyj nK †ebvimx (int)-Gi bv‡g wg_¨vPvi K‡i‡Qb| gyK¡vwj− 181. wimvjvn bvRvwZqv (D`©~ Abyev`) c„t 41, 42| 182. H, c„t 41| 183. Av‡iv †`Lyb : 6 bs mgv‡jvPbvi Reve| 184. †`Lyb : cvwbc_x iwPZ MÖš’ ÔKvkdyj wnRveÕ c„t 46| Avãyj Lv‡jK¡ ÔZvgexûh hj−xbÕ

MÖ‡š’i 13 c„ôvq Avãyj nK †ebvimxi mgv‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb|



65 65

Avãyj Lv‡jKI gvIjvbv Avãyj nK-Gi we‡ivax †Mvôxi GKRb e¨w³ wQ‡jb| wgquv mvB‡q` bvhxi ûmvBb †`njfx (int)-Gi k¦ïi nIqvi gv‡b Av‡`Š GUv bq †h, Avãyj Lv‡jK Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ I mZëv`x wQ‡jb| eû †Ìe›`x k¦ïi i‡q‡Qb, hv‡ì RvgvB Avn‡jnv`xQ| G K_v mvaviY gvbyl Rv‡b †h, †Kvb e¨w³i ¯xq cÖwZc‡¶i wei“‡× m~Îwenxb I AcÖgvwYZ e³e¨ cwiZ¨vR¨ nq| gvIjvbv Avãyj nK †ebvimx m¤c‡K© Aveyj nvmvb bv`fxi wcZv nvKxg

Avãyj nvB (gyK¡vwj− ) wj‡L‡Qb, �),+� µ�¶� j,�� ·(�� ... }) ,�� .6J�+�h ÔwZwb kvqL, Av‡jg, e‡qv‡R¨ô gynvwÏQ ... Ges weL¨vZ

Av‡jg‡ì GKRbÕ|185 Gici nvKxg Avãyj nvB gvIjvbv Avãyj nK-Gi wei“‡× wKQz J×Z¨c~Y© Amvi evK¨ wjwce× K‡i gynv¤§v` web Avãyj Avhxh Avh-hvqbvex †_‡K

eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, 5% WI�� v(,� .� j� ÔAvwg Avgvi `yÕ‡Pv‡L Zuvi (Avãyj nK †ebvimx) †P‡q DËg Avi KvD‡K †`wLwbÕ|186 Ôbvqjyj AvIZ¡viÕ MÖ‡š’i †jLK gynv¤§v` web Avjx Avk-kvIKvbx ¯xq QvÎ

Avãyj nK †ebvimx m¤c‡K© wj‡L‡Qb, �%�,�� ·(�� ... 5¸ R�A�6� �� bZ¸ �?�� 5%�Z�5�.,h ÔkvqL, Avj−vgv... Avj−vn ¯xq `qv I AbyMÖ‡n Zvi

Kj¨vYKvwiZv e„w× K‡i w`b Ges Zvi Ávb Øviv DcK…Z Ki“bÕ|187

mvB‡q` Avãyj−vn web gynv¤§v` web BmgvCj Avj-Avgxi AvQ-QvbÔAvbx

wj‡L‡Qb, :/�� 2�()!� �M�� [ �%MD#8� WG� �� %�,�� 6�� 185. byhnvZzj LvIqvwZ¡i 7/266| 186. H, 7/267| 187. H, 7/268|



+� �?��2.6),h ÔcyÎ, Avj−vgv, AwePj ev›`v‡ì †mŠ›`h©, cÖksmbxq

c‡_i Abymvix Ges DËg Pwi‡Îi AwaKvixÕ|188 Av‡jg‡ì Gme cÖksmvm~PK e³‡eï c‡i gvIjvbv Avãyj nK †ebvimx (g„t 1276 wnt/1860 wLªt)-Gi wei“‡× Avãyi ingvb cvwbc_x, Avãyj Lv‡jK Ges ZvK¡jx`cš’x‡ì wg_¨v cÖPviYvi wK g~j¨ i‡q‡Q? ¯§Z©e¨ †h, ÔwgbvÕ-†Z (g°v gyKviigv) g„Zz eiYKvix gvIjvbv †ebvimxi cÖwZ ZvK¡jx`cš’x‡ì GB kÎ“Zv I †µva i‡q‡Q †h, wZwb ZvK¡jx‡ì

LÊ‡b ÔAv`-`yivi“j dvix` wdj gvbC AvwbZ ZvK¡jx`Õ ) ~ ��?�� ..��( MD�� +�( bv‡g GKwU MÖš’ iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb Ges wZwb ZvK¡jx‡ì

KÆi we‡ivax wQ‡jb| Avj−vn Zuvi Dci ing Ki“b! mgv‡jvPbv-10 : Avn‡jnv`xQiv Bs‡iR‡ì‡K mnvqZv K‡i‡Q|

Reve : 1857 mv‡j Bs‡iR‡ì wei“‡× hLb gymjgvb I Kv‡diiv ¯vaxbZv hy× K‡iwQj, ZLb Av‡jg‡ì‡K wRnv` m¤c‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv

n‡qwQj| Av‡jgiv wRnv‡ì e¨vcv‡i drIqv w`‡qwQ‡jb †h, � W�X� ��YZ[� \ � ]^_�� à �7 ÔewY©Z Ae¯’vq wRnv` di‡h AvBbÕ| GB drIqvi Dc‡i GKRb cÖwm× Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jg mvB‡q` bvhxi ûmvBb gynvwÏQ †`njfxi (mv‡eK nvbvdx Ges ZvnKx‡Ki gva¨‡g Avn‡jnv`xQ) ¯v¶i wèv‡jv‡Ki b¨vq PgKv‡”Q|189 GB drIqv cÖ v‡bi ci hLb Bs‡iRiv wn›`y —vb `Lj K‡i wb‡qwQj, ZLb mvB‡q` bvhxi ûmvBb‡K †MÖdZvi K‡i ivIqvjwcwÊ †R‡j GK eQi hver e›`x K‡i †i‡LwQj| Ab¨w`‡K ikx` Avngv` Mv½ynx I gynv¤§v`

188. H, 7/270| 189. †`Lyb : gynv¤§v` wgquv †Ìe›`x iwPZ ÔIjvgv‡q wn›` Kv kvb`vi gvhxÕ 4/179; Rvbevh

wgh©v †Ìe›`x cÖYxZ ÔAvs‡iR †K evMx gymjgvbÕ c„t 293|



67 67

K¡v‡mg bvb~Zyex cÖgyL m¤c‡K© AvwkK Bjvnx wgivVx †Ìe›`x wj‡L‡Qb, ,� 5b� �"�c � �W d�ef�<��IJ�N56� g^h�i�� jk�� j g� ^h�lm56�� $56�� V7 �

Ô†hgbfv‡e Zuviv Zv‡ì gnvbyfe miKv‡ii (Bs‡iR miKvi) Avš—wiK wnZvKv•¶x wQ‡jb, †Zgwbfv‡e mvivRxeb Zviv (Bs‡iR‡ì) wnZvKv•¶x wnmv‡eB _v‡KbÕ|190 mvivRxeb Bs‡iR miKv‡ii ÔwnZvKv•¶xÕ wnmv‡e cÖgvwYZ e¨w³‡ì eyhM©

dhjyi ingvb M‡Ä gyiv`vev`x wj‡L‡Qb, n�op�5 �q�I�jB��r��s��t �#û� �.�8�B�v� 56w�x�y.� ÔjovB K‡i wK jvf? wLwhi‡K †Zv Avwg Bs‡iR‡ì KvZv‡i †`L‡Z cvw”QÕ|191 G K_v AZ¨š— we¯§qKi †h, wLwhi (Avt) (Zuvi g„Zz i ci cybivq RxweZ n‡q) wKfv‡e Bs‡iR †mbvevwnbx‡Z †hvM`vb K‡iwQ‡jb? †Ìe›`x‡ì wLwhi (Avt)-†K Bs‡iR ˆmb¨‡ì g‡a¨ kvwgj Kiv, BwZnv‡mi AZ¨š— eo wg_¨vPvi I †auvKvevwR|

mZKx©KiY : 1857 mv‡ji ¯vaxbZv hy‡×i c‡¶ drIqvq GKRb †Ìe›`xiI ¯v¶i †bB|

� � �

Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (int) e‡j‡Qb, �% �� !� r�U��!� W),D"� ÔAvgv‡ì wbK‡U Avn‡jnv`xQ H e¨w³, whwb nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i Avgj K‡ibÕ|192

190. ZvhwKivZzi ikx` 1/79| 191. nvwkqv mvIqvwb‡n K¡v‡mgx 2/103; Ijvgv‡q wn›` Kv kvb`vi gvhx 4/280| 192. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, Avj-Rv‡gÔ nv/183, 1/144, mb` Qnxn; Bebyj RvIhx, gvbvwKeyj

Bgvg Avngv`, c„t 208, mb` Qnxn|



wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvn I Avn‡jnv`xQ [wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvmn wKQz †jvK I Lv‡iRxiv GB `vex Ki‡Z _v‡K †h, Avgv‡ì bvg †mªªd gymwjg ev gymwjgxb Ges Ab¨vb¨ mKj bvg (PvB ¸YevPK bvg †nvK ev Dcvwa) ivLv bvRv‡qh A_ev DËg bq| Avgv‡ì GB M‡elYvagx© cÖe‡Ü mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi ey‡Si Av‡jv‡K G mKj †jv‡Ki `jxjmg~‡ni h_v_© Reve i‡q‡Q| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn|]

KivPxi bZzb MwR‡q DVv GKwU wdiK¡v A‡bK w`b hver Avnjyj nv`xQ Iqvj AvQvi-Gi wei“‡× ÔZvKdxiÕ (Kv‡di AvL¨vwqZ Kiv), ÔZve`xÔ (we`ÔAvZx AvL¨v `vb), fr©mbv I wZi¯‹v‡ii evRvi Mig K‡i †i‡L‡Q| KwZcq AeyS †jv‡Ki D³ wdiK¡vi cÖZviYvi Rv‡j AvUKv covi Avk¼v _vKvi Kvi‡Y GB cÖeÜwU‡K we —vwiZfv‡e `jxj mn †jLv n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi evwZj `vexmg~n Ges Acev‡ì ùvZfv½v Reve †`qv hvq| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi wbKU cÖv_©bv, wZwb †hb Avgv‡ì‡K Øxb Bmjv‡gi Dc‡i AUj iv‡Lb Ges †Mvgivnxi c_mg~‡ni kqZvbx êwkó¨gwÊZ `vC‡ì cÖZviYv †_‡K i¶v K‡ib| -Avgxb!

Avnjyj nv`xQ : gynvwÏQM‡Yi RvgvÔAvZ‡K Avnjyj nv`xQ ejv nq| †hfv‡e gydvmwmi‡ì RvgvÔAvZ‡K AvnjyZ Zvdmxi Ges HwZnvwmK‡ì RvgvÔAvZ‡K AvnjyZ ZvixL ejv nq|

`jxj-1 : Qnxn eyLvixi iPwqZv Bgvg eyLvix (int) ÔRyhDj wK¡ivAvZ Lvjdvj BgvgÕ MÖ‡š’i 13 c„ôvq e‡j‡Qb, 5 b¸ ��!� WG� �Dw 8� ÔGiƒc eY©bvKvix Øviv Avnjyj nv`xQMY `jxj MÖnY K‡ib bvÕ|193 eis Bgvg eyLvix (int) Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ (RvbœvZx Ges nKcš’x RvgvÔAvZ) AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb|194 193. bvQi“j evix dx ZvnKxwK RyhBj wK¡ivAvn wjj-eyLvix c„t 88, nv/38| 194. gvmAvjvZzj BnwZRvR wek-kv‡dC c„t 47, mb` Qnxn; hyev‡qi Avjx hvC, ZvnKxKx

gvK¡vjvZ 1/161|



69 69

`jxj-2 : Rv‡gÔ wZiwghxi †jLK Bgvg wZiwghx (int) ¯xq ÔAvj-Rv‡gÕ MÖ‡š’ (1/16 c„t) e‡j‡Qb, F�C��;� 7�;,(@J7� e{(@,;ª ;�C@� @WCG7� @��@�;TN�� ÔBeby

jvnxÔAvn Avnjyj nv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U hCdÕ|195

mZK©xKiY : †h‡nZz Avãyj−vn Beby jvnxÔAvn BLwZjv‡Zi Kvi‡Y hCd wQ‡jb Ges gy vwj−mI wQ‡jb, †m‡nZz Zvi ewY©Z nv`xQ `yÕwU k‡Z©i wfwË‡Z nvmvb wj-hvwZwn nq :

1. eY©bvwU BLwZjv‡Zi196 c~‡e©i nIqv|197

2. eY©bvq ÔmvgvÔ198 A_©vr ÔAvwg ï‡bwQÕ K_vwU my úófv‡e D‡j−L _vKv|199

`jxj-3 : AvR ch©š— †Kvb gymwjg Av‡jg GK_v A¯^xKvi K‡ibwb †h, ÔAvnjyj nv`xQÕ Øviv gynvwÏQ‡ì RvgvÔAvZ D‡Ïk¨| GRb¨ GB ¸YevPK bvg I bme Rv‡qh nIqvi e¨vcv‡i BRgv i‡q‡Q|

Avn‡jnv`xQ Dcvwa I ¸YevPK bvgwU weï× nIqvi e¨vcv‡i 50wU D×…wZi Rb¨ †`Lyb Avgvi MÖš’ : ÔZvnK¡xK¡x, BQjvnx AvIi Bjgx gvK¡vjvZÕ (1/161-174)|

`jxj-4 : Bgvg gymwjgI gynvwÏQMY‡K Avnjyj nv`xQ e‡j‡Qb|200 195. wZiwghx nv/10| 196. ivexi wndh kw³ bó n‡q hvIqv, we‡eK-eyw× `ye©j n‡q hvIqv, nv`xQ‡K mwVKfv‡e

g‡b ivL‡Z bv cvivq nv`x‡Qi ev‡K¨ Zvj‡Mvj cvwK‡q hvIqv‡K BLwZjvZ ejv nq| wewfbœ Kvi‡Y BLwZjvZ nÕ‡Z cv‡i| †hgb : eqm †e‡o hvIqv, eB-cy —K R¡‡j hvIqv, ab-m¤ú‡ì ¶wZ nIqv wKsev mš—vb-mš—wZi g„Zz NUvi Kvi‡Y gvbwmK AvNvZ cvIqv BZ¨vw` (Zvqmxi“ gyQZ¡jvwnj nv`xQ, c„t 125 cÖf„wZ)|-Abyev`K|

197. †`Lyb : Avgvi MÖš’ ÔAvj-dvZûj gyexbÕ c„t 77-78| 198. ÔAvwg kÖeY K‡iwQÕ, ÔAvgv‡K nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡QbÕ ÔAvgv‡ì‡K nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡QbÕ,

ÔAvgv‡K msev` cÖ vb K‡i‡QbÕ wKsev ÔAvgv‡ì‡K msev` cÖ vb K‡i‡QbÕ BZ¨vw` kãvejx Øviv nv`x‡Qi mb` eY©bv Kiv‡K ÔmvgvÕ ejv nq (Zvqmxi“ gyQZ¡jvwnj nv`xQ, c„t 159 cÖf„wZ)|ÑAbyev`K|

199. Avj-dvZûj gyexb c„t 77| 200. Qnxn gymwjg, ki‡n beex mn 1/55; Ab¨ Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY 1/5, 26|



Bgvg gymwjg (int) wb‡RI Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jb| †hgbwU nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡j‡Qb,

F�CT;�;� 7� n@C,;� @WCG7\@� @��@�;TN�� ;��@�@/;DNMF)N�� 07 ;� ;#@5@�;) C�7� @5@D;�;D@Z C�7� @5@D;��;�@. NW;� n@C,;� C'@J@� : SW9Z C�;% 7O7Z E_;�7� @5@uN?@T@� @5@D7�@�C,;%;� @5@)CJ7�;� ��@G7� �@B;�;� @5@�;�=�;� �@B;� ��@G7�;� ;�@�7K7Z;� 9WCG7� @O�C�9MN��h

ÔAvgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ ej‡Z †Kej Zv‡`i‡KB eywS bv hviv nv`xQ ï‡b‡Qb, wjwce× K‡i‡Qb ev eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| eis Avgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ Øviv H mKj e¨w³‡K eywS‡q _vwK, hviv nv`xQ gyL¯’KiY Ges †Mvcb I cÖKvk¨fv‡e Zvi Ávb jvf I Abyaveb Ges AbymiY Kivi AwaK nK`vi| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avn‡j KyiAvb ØvivI GivB D‡Ïk¨Õ|201

nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvi wbK‡U Bgvg gymwjg, wZiwghx, bvmvC, Beby gvRvn, Beby Lyhvqgvn Ges Ave~ BÔqvjv cÖgyL mK‡jB Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb Ges Zviv †Kvb Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj−` wQ‡jb bv|202

Avnjyj nv`xQ-Gi dhxjZ : ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, 78 9:�;<;� >�7?@A7B C�@% 0@DE%9� ;��@�@G7� 0ED;� C'FJ;(@=N\;� F�C%7� @�� C'FG;� 7O�F�@G7�h ÔAvgvi D¤§‡Zi GKwU `j

me© v weRqx _vK‡e| Ae‡k‡l Zv‡`i wbK‡U Avj−vn&i dvqQvjv (wK¡qvgZ) G‡m hv‡e GgZve ’vq †h, Zviv weRqx _vK‡eÕ|203

QvIevb (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z GKwU nv`x‡Q Av‡Q †h, ÔAvgvi D¤§‡Zi GKwU `j me© v n‡Ki Dc‡i weRqx _vK‡eÕ|204

¯§Z©e¨ †h, GB D”Pgh©v`vI `jx‡ji gva¨‡g ewY©Z n‡e| †hgb-

201. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 4/95| 202. †`Lyb : gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 20/40; ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ 1/168| 203. eyLvix nv/7311, gyMxivn web ïÔevn (ivt) nÕ‡Z| 204. gymwjg nv/1920|



71 71

1. Avngv` web wmbvb (g„t 259 wnt) D³ nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb, 'G.Y¹� -TU�� ' ,�� WG� ÔZuviv nÕ‡jb Avnjyj Bjg (Av‡jgMY) Ges AvQnveyj AvQvi (Avn‡jnv`xQMY)Õ|205

2. Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx (g„t 234 wnt) e‡jb, C'FG F-;TCU7� @��@�;TN�� ÔZviv

nÕ‡jb AvQnveyj nv`xQÕ|206 Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, C'FG 9WCG7� @��@�;TN�� ÔZviv nÕ‡jb Avnjyj nv`xQÕ|207 cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, AvQnveyj nv`xQ Ges Avn‡jnv`xQ GKB RvgvÔAv‡Zi `yÕwU bvg|

3. Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (g„t 241 wnt) D³ nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb, OP j �Q= RKG �?A�� 2.6/+� -TU� ��!� �� V.�� % 'G�

Ômvnvh¨cÖvß GB `jwU hw` AvQnveyj nv`xQ (Avn‡jnv`xQ) bv nq, Z‡e Avwg Rvwb bv Zviv KvivÕ?208

wZwb e‡jb, �% �� !� r�U��!� W),D"� ÔAvgv‡`i wbK‡U Avn‡jnv`xQ H e¨w³, whwb nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i Avgj K‡ibÕ|209

mZKx©KiY : Dc‡ii D×„wZ‡Z ÔQv‡neyj nv`xQÕ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj Avnjyj nv`xQ|

4. nvdQ web wMqvQ (g„t 194 wnt) AvQnveyj nv`xQ m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, 'G(�� WG� zL ÔZviv (Avn‡jnv`xQMY) nÕ‡jb ywbqvq mevi PvB‡Z †kªôÕ|210 205. kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ c„t 27, bs 49, mb` Qnxn| bs 43, c„t 53| 206. wZiwghx nv/2192, mb` Qnxn| 207. wZiwghx nv/2229, mb` Qnxn| 208. nv‡Kg, gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 2, mb` nvmvb; Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx GwU‡K

Qnxn e‡j‡Qb| `ªt dvrûj evix 13/250, nv/7311-Gi e¨vL¨v| 209. LZ¡xe evM`v`x, Avj-Rv‡gÔ nv/183, 1/144, Ab¨ Av‡iKwU ms¯‹iY 1/144, nv/183

mb` Qnxn; Bebyj RvIhx, gvbvwKeyj Bgvg Avngv` c„t 207-208|



5. nv‡KgI (g„t 405 wnt) nvdQ web wMqvQ (int)-Gi e³e¨‡K mZ¨vqb

K‡i‡Qb Ges e‡j‡Qb, a�� zL ��!� -TU� OP ÔwbðqB AvQnveyj nv`xQMY (gynvwÏQMY) gvby‡li g‡a¨ m‡e©vËgÕ|211

D³ AvB¤§v‡q gymwjgxb-Gi my có e³e¨ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Z¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivn m¤úwK©Z nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨v nÕj AvQnveyj nv`xQ, Avnjyj Bjg (Av‡jgMY), Avn‡jnv`xQ (gynvwÏQMY)| Avi Gi Dc‡iB BRgv i‡q‡Q|212

Avnjyj nv`xQ‡ì `ykgb : Avnjyj nv`xQ-Gi kÎ“iv Zuv‡ì Dc‡i bvbvwea wg_¨v Acev` Av‡ivc K‡i _v‡K|

G RvZxq †jvK‡ì m¤ú‡K©B Bgvg Avngv` web wmbvb Avj-IqvwmZ¡x

e‡j‡Qb, W`�� f�D�� [P� ��!� WG� g�� 6G� 8P f�D�% (�� d(�5� ] �% ��!� 2�� f<�h Ô`ywbqv‡Z Ggb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx †bB, †h

Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY K‡i bv| hLb †Kvb e¨w³ we`ÔAvZ K‡i, ZLb Zvi Aš—i †_‡K nv`x‡Qi ¯v` wQwb‡q †bIqv nqÕ|213

Avnjyj nv`xQ‡ì mv‡_ kÎ“Zvi cwiYwZ : gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ Avn‡jnv`xQMY AZ¨š— D”Pgh©v`vi AwaKvix Ges cÖK…Zc‡¶ ZuvivB Avj−vn&i Ijx|

Avj−vn&i Ijx‡ì m¤ú‡K© Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb, C�;% t;�;� 0@� o(@�;� C�7M7� F5FDC�7[� @-C�;TN�@� Ô†h e¨w³ Avgvi †Kvb Ijxi mv‡_ kÎ“Zv †cvlY Ki‡e,

Avwg Zvi wei“‡× hy‡×i †NvlYv w`w”QÕ|214 210. gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 3, mb` Qnxn| 211. Dj~gyj nv`xQ c„t 3| 212. we —vwiZ †`Lyb Avgvi MÖš’ : ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ 1/161-174| 213. gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 4, bs 6, mb` Qnxn| 214. eyLvix nv/6502|



73 73

wPš—v Ki“b! KZ KwVb agwK| G¶‡Y †h e¨w³ HmKj Avj−vn&i Ijx‡K Kv‡di e‡j, Zvi cwiYvg wK n‡e? nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (int)-†K Kv‡di AvL¨v `vb : ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe, Avj-BQvevn, wjmvbyj gxhvb, ZvÔRxjyj gvbdvÔAvn, Av`-†ìvqvn Ges AvZ-ZvjLxQyj nvexi cÖf…wZ DcKvix MÖš’mg~‡ni †jLK, wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg, me©‡kl nv‡dh, Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (int)-Gi b¨vqcivqYZv I D”Pgh©v`vi e¨vcv‡i gynvwÏQM‡Yi BRgv i‡q‡Q Ges Zuvi MÖš’vejx Øviv avivevwnKfv‡e DcKvi MÖnY Kiv Rvix i‡q‡Q|

wdiK¡v gvmEw`qvi Rb¥ : K‡qK eQi Av‡M KivPx‡Z wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvn bv‡g GKwU wdiK¡vi Rb¥ n‡q‡Q| hvi cÖwZôvZv nÕ‡jb gvmE` Avngv` weGmwm Qv‡ne| GB wdiK¡vwU wb‡Ri bvg ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ †i‡L A‰bmjvgx Ges ZvM~Z¡x miKv‡ii wbKU †_‡K †iwR‡÷ªkb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| gvmE` Qv‡ne GKwU cyw¯—Kv iPbv K‡i‡Qb| hvi bvg †i‡L‡Qb Ôgvhvwn‡e LvgmvnÕ ev cÂ gvhnve (A_©vr Avn‡jnv`xQ, nvbvdx, kv‡dC, gv‡jKx, nv¤jx) AvIi Øxb BmjvgÕ| D³ cyw¯—Kvq QqwU fvM i‡q‡Q| 1. Avnjyj nv`xQ 2. nvbvdx 3. kv‡dC 4. gv‡jKx 5. nv¤jx Ges 6. Øxb Bmjvg|

Gi D‡Ïk¨ nÕj GB †h, gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei wbK‡U Avn‡jnv`xQ I Abïv Øxb Bmjvg †_‡K LvwiR| gvmE` Qv‡ne Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì fv‡M nv‡dh Beby nvRvi (int)-†K Zuvi dvZûj evix mn G‡b‡Qb (c„t 29 `ªt)|

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei wbK‡U nv‡dh Beby nvRvi (int) Øxb Bmjvg †_‡K LvwiR| (Av¯—vMwdi“j−vn)|

ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ;)H�7� pWF ;. p'@ C"F% ;�7?NZ7� c�F ;. �)@ C"F% NO@y7� 7O7Z ��@�7Z S8@P;� 7O7Z ;6FG ;�@�7QN�� Ô†h gymwjg Ab¨ gymwjg‡K Kv‡di ejj, hw` †m

Kv‡di nq (Z‡e wVK Av‡Q)| Ab¨_vq Giƒc e¨w³ wb‡RB Kv‡diÕ|215 215. Avey vE` nv/4687, mb` Qnxn; g~j nv`xQ i‡q‡Q Qnxn gymwj‡g nv/60|



wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi gymwjg `vex : gvmE` Qv‡ne Gi Dc‡i †Rvi w`‡q‡Qb †h, Avgv‡ì †mªd GKwU bvg i‡q‡Q A_©vr gymwjg| G bvgwU Avj−vn&i ivLv| (GUv) wdiK¡vevwR bvg bqÕ|216

mZKx©KiY : Avgv‡ì Rvbv g‡Z, gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei c~‡e© gymwjg D¤§vn&i (Lvqi“j Kziƒ‡bi hyM †nvK, nv`xQ msKj‡bi hyM †nvK wKsev nv`xQ e¨vLvi hyM †nvK) †Kvb Av‡jg G `vex K‡ibwb †h, ÔAvgv‡ì bvg †mªd gymwjgÕ| hw` Kv‡iv Kv‡Q gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei Dwj−wLZ `vexi †NvlYv †Kvb Av‡j‡gi c¶ †_‡K mve¨¯— nq, Z‡e wZwb †hb `jxj †ck K‡ib|

gvmE` Qv‡ne ¯xq gbMov `vexi Ô`jxjÕ †ck K‡ib, ;6FG F'9ZE);# *@)@ C"F)N�� ÔwZwb †Zvgv‡ì bvg †i‡L‡Qb ÔgymwjgÕ|217

Rbve gynZvivg Ave~ Rv‡ei Avãyj−vn `vgvbfx Qv‡ne e‡j‡Qb, ÔGB AvqvZ Øviv GUv cÖZxqgvb nj †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡ì bvg gymwjg †i‡L‡QbÕ| wKš‘ GB Avqv‡Zi †Kv_vI G K_vi D‡j−L †bB †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡ì bvg †mªd gymwjg †i‡L‡Qb| Ab¨ K_vq gymwjg Qvov Ab¨ bvg ivLv wbwl×| G K_v †KDB A¯xKvi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv †h, gymwjgB Avgv‡ì mËvMZ bvg Ges `ywbqv‡Z eZ©gv‡b Avgiv GB bv‡gB cwiwPZ| †PŠÏk eQi hver c„w_ex Avgv‡ì G bvg m¤ú‡K© AeMZ Av‡Q Ges wK¡qvgZ ch©š— Avgiv †mB bv‡gB cwiwPZ nÕ‡Z _vKe| wKš‘ GB bvgwU e¨ZxZ Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡ì Av‡iv A‡bK bvg †i‡L‡Qb| †h¸wj‡K A¯xKvi Kiv hvq bvÕ|

gynZvivg `vgvbfx Qv‡n‡ei mZ¨vqb : gynZvivg `vgvbfx Qv‡ne nvwdhvûj−vn&i `vexi mZ¨vq‡b Avgiv KziAvb I nv`xQ †_‡K Av‡iv wKQz bvg I Dcvwa †ck KiwQ : 216. gvhnv‡e Avnjyj nv`xQ Kx nvKxKvZ c„t 1|



75 75

1. Avj-gywgb ev Avj-gywgb~b : Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb, 7�;� �69�69M;= C�;)@� 07MN�7� F'9QC(7�@P ;17 E"�� ;lC"7� �@%C$F% 7O6F�;DC�;= ;º;�;� @2;(;TN�� ;(C�H�� Ô†h †Zvgv‡ì

mvjvg K‡i Zv‡K e‡jv bv †h Zzwg gywgb bI (A_©vr Kv‡iv Aš—i †d‡o †`Lvi †Póv K‡iv bv)| †Zvgiv cvw_©e Rxe‡bi m¤ú` AbymÜvb KiÕ (wbmv

4/94)| wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, ;)E�@P 7O6F@%C$F)N�� >2;6CL@P ÔwbðqB gywgbMY

ci¯úi fvB fvBÕ (ûRyivZ 49/10) Ges e‡j‡Qb, C�7] ;�7 N�7� 7O6F@%C$F)N�� ÔwbðqB Hme gywgb mdjKvgÕ (gywgb~b 23/1)|

2. wnheyj−vn : Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb, 7�7� SO@P ;-C<@� @�� F'FG 7O6FT@ N?F)N�� Ô†R‡b ivL †h, Aek¨B wnheyj−vn mdjKvg n‡eÕ (gyRv`vjvn 58/22)| mZKx©KiY : wnheyj−vn&i (Avj−vn&i `j) wecix‡Z wnheyk kqZvb (kqZv‡bi `j) i‡q‡Q Ges wnheyk kqZvb ev kqZv‡bi AbymvixivB cÖK…Zc‡¶ ¶wZi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q (gyRv`vjvn 58/19)|

3. AvDwjqvDj−vn : Avj−vn e‡jb, 7�7� SO@P �};(@�C�7� @�� 7� eqC6;L C'@JC(7 ;� 7�;� C'FG 7O6F�;<CT;� Ôg‡b †iL Avj−vn&i eÜz‡ì †Kvb fq †bB Ges Zviv wPš—vwšZ n‡e bvÕ (BDbym 10/62)| AvDwjqvDj−vn&i (Avj−vn&i eÜziv) wecix‡Z AvDwjqvDk kqZvb (kqZv‡bi eÜziv) i‡q‡Q| G¸wj Qvov wb‡gœv³ bvg¸wjI KziAvb gvRx` Øviv mve¨¯— i‡q‡Q : 1. Avj-gynvwRixb (ZvIevn 9/100) 2. Avj-AvbQvi (H) 3. Avm-mvweK~bvj AvDqvj~b (H) 4. ieŸvwbBqxb (Av‡j Bgivb 3/79) 5. Avj-dzK¡viv (evK¡vivn 2/273) 6. AvQ-Qv‡jnxb (wbmv 4/69) 7. Avk-ïnv`v (H) 8. AvQ-wQÏxK¡xb cÖf„wZ (H)|

Qnxn nv`xQmg~‡nI gymjgvb‡ì KwZcq bv‡gi D‡j−L i‡q‡Q| †hgb : 1. D¤§vZy gynv¤§v` (Qvt)|218 2. Avj-¸ivev|219 3. Z¡v‡qdvn|220 4. 217. n¾ 22/78| M„nxZ : ÔAvj-gymwjgÕ cwÎKv 4_© msL¨v 46 c„t| 218. eyLvix nv/5221, 6631; gymwjg nv/901; wgkKvZ nv/1483|



nvIqvixBEb|221 5. AvQnve|222 6. Avj-Ljxdvn|223 7. Avnjyj KziAvb| 8. Avnjyj−vn|224

D³ `jxjmg~n Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, gymjgvb‡ì AviI A‡bK (¸YevPK) bvg i‡q‡Q| †h¸wj Avj−vn Ges Zuvi ivm~j (Qvt) †i‡L‡Qb| GRb¨ wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi cÖwZôvZvi G `vex wfwËnxb Ges wg_¨v †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡ì †mªd GKwU bvg ÔgymwjgÕ †i‡L‡Qb| hw` wZwb e‡jb †h, G¸wj ¸YevPK bvg| Z‡e Avih GB †h, ¸YevPK bvgI bvg-B n‡q _v‡K|

`jxj-1 : Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi hvZx ev mËvMZ bvg ÔAvj−vnÕ Ges Zuvi AmsL¨ ¸YevPK bvg i‡q‡Q| †hgb :

(1) ie (dvwZnv 1/1)| (2) Avi-ingvb (H)| (3) Avi-inxg (H)| (4) Bjvn (bvm 14/3)| (5) Avj-Avjxg (evK¡vivn 2/137)| (6) Avj-K¡v`xi (iƒg 30/54)| (7) Avj-gvwjK (nvki 59/23)| (8) Avj-KyÏ~m (H) BZ¨vw`|

Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb, @5S @�;� m};)C#7\N�� 0;C"FTN�� FR6F�C�7� ;J@� ÔAvi Avj−vn&i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q my›ì bvg mg~n| †m bv‡gB †Zvgiv Zuv‡K WvKÕ (AvÔivd 7/180)|

wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, @W9] �6F�C�� @�7� �6F�C�� ;�;)C�E�� o�7� ;% �6F�C�;= F57 7� m};)C#7\N�� 0;C"FTN�� ÔZzwg ej, †Zvgiv ÔAvj−vnÕ bv‡g WvK ev ÔingvbÕ bv‡g WvK, †Zvgiv †h bv‡gB Wv‡Kv bv †Kb, mKj my›ì bvg †Zv †Kej ZuviB Rb¨Õ (eYx BmivCj 17/110)| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi D³ ¸YevPK bvg mg~n‡KI ÔbvgÕ-B ejv n‡q‡Q| 219. gymwjg nv/145| 220. Qnxn eyLvix nv/7311; gymwjg nv/156 BZ¨vw`| 221. gymwjg nv/50; wgkKvZ nv/157| 222. gymwjg nv/50; wgkKvZ nv/157| 223. Avngv`, 5/131, mb` nvmvb| Avngv` nv/1414, mb` RvB‡q`| 224. nv‡Kg nv/2046, mb` nvmvb; gymbv‡` Avex `vE` AvZ-Z¡vqvwjmx nv/2124|



77 77

`jxj-2 : gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-Gi mËvMZ bvg gynv¤§v` Ges Avngv`I Zuvi

mËvMZ bvg| KziAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, F5F)C#� F�;)C�7� ÔZuvi bvg Avngv`Õ (Qd&d

61/6)|

ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ;�7� e�E);TF% F�;)C�7�;� F)N��;�0 ?7M F�@�;TN��;� H0@�;�;� @�;�C6ED�� H0@�;�;� @�;)C�E�� ÔAvwg gynv¤§v` (cÖkswmZ), Avngv` (AZ¨waK cÖkswmZ),

gyK¡vddx (†kl bex), nv‡ki (GKwÎZKvix), bex‡q ZIevn I bex‡q ingZÕ|225

evMvexi kviûm mybœvn-†Z Av‡Q †h, bex (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, SO@P0@� »};)C#7� ;�7� F�;)C�7� ;�7�;� 3e�E);TF% ;�7�;� 0@�;)N�� t@KS�� 6FTC);� m�� @�@5 3;�N?9QN�� ;�7�;� F�@�;TN�� t@KS��

F�;�CTF� FaE�� 07 ;� 30@%;�7] ;�7�;� Fr@];,N�� ÔAvgvi wKQz bvg i‡q‡Q| Avwg Avngv`, Avwg gynv¤§v`, Avwg Avj-gvnx, hvi Øviv Avj−vn Kzdi‡K wbwðý K‡i w`‡eb| Avwg Avj-nv‡ki| Avgvi c`Z‡j †jvK‡`i‡K GKwÎZ Kiv n‡e Ges Avwg AvwK¡e (me©‡kl bex)| Bgvg evMvex e‡jb, ÔG nv`x‡Qi weï×Zvq mevB GKgZ| nv`xQwU Bgvg gymwjg eY©bv K‡i‡QbÕ|226

GB nv`xQ¸wj Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, mvB‡q`ybv gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-Gi Av‡ivI A‡bK bvg i‡q‡Q| †hgb : Avngv`, Avj-gvnx, Avj-nv‡ki, Avj-AvwK¡e, Avj-gyK¡vddx, bex‡q ZIevn Ges bex‡q ingZ BZ¨vw`|

KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi D³ `jxjmg~n Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, ¸YevPK bvgI bvg-B n‡q _v‡K|

225. gymwjg nv/2355; wgkKvZ nv/5777| 226. kviûm mybœvn nv/3630|



QvnvexMY Ges gymwjgxb :

1. ûhvqdv (ivt)-Gi mvg‡b GKRb e¨w³ gymjgvb‡ì‡K ÔAvj-gyQvj−~bÕ )7�7O6s ;/F)N�( ev gyQj−xMY e‡jwQ‡jb| ûhvqdv (ivt) Gi cÖwZev` K‡ibwb;

eis Zv‡K A‡bK fv‡jv civgk©I w`‡qwQ‡jb|227

2. Igi (ivt) e‡jb, ;� ;�;�C,;% p C�;�9] Ô†n KzivBk‡ì `jÕ|228

3. Igi (ivt) e‡jb, ;� ;�;�C,;% @.;/C��4� Ô†n AvbQv‡ii `jÕ|229

4. AveyeKi wQÏxK¡ (ivt) I Ab¨ LjxdvMY‡K QvnvexMY ÔAvgxi“j gywgbxbÕ )*%$+� z%�( ev gywgb‡ì †bZv ej‡Zb| G welqwU gyZvIqvwZi ev avivevwnKfv‡e ewY©Z|

G¸wj Qvov Av‡iv A‡bK bvgI QvnvexMY †_‡K cÖgvwYZ i‡q‡Q| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zuv‡ì mevi Dc‡i mš‘ó †nvb|

Avnjym mybœvn : gymwjgxb, gynvwÏQxb Ges gywgbxb‡K ÔAvnjym mybœvnÕ (A_©vr mybœv‡Zi Abymvix)I ejv n‡q‡Q|

`jxj-1 : Zv‡eC gynv¤§v` Beby mxixb (g„t 110 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, F�7uCF(7� 07�@P @WCG7� @�EH"�� 9K;LC$F(7� C�@�;�C'FJ9b ÔmyZivs Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi cÖwZ j¶¨ Kiv nÕZ|

AZtci Zv‡ì nv`xQ MÖnY Kiv nÕZÕ|230

mvigg© GB †h, Beby mxixb (int) gymjgvb‡ì Rb¨ ÔAvnjym mybœvnÕ bvgwU eënvi K‡i‡Qb|

227. gyQvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvqevn nv/38289; nv‡Kg nv/8374, Bgvg nv‡Kg e‡jb,

ÔkvqLvq‡bi kZ©vbyhvqx nv`xQwU Qnxn| Z‡e Zviv nv`xQwU eY©bv K‡ibwb| gvbQ‚i †_‡K mywdqvb QvIixi eY©bvwU kw³kvjx| Avi mb‡ì evKx AskUzKz Qnxn|

228. gyQvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvqevn nv/38221, mb` Qnxn| Avj-nvKvg web gxbv wQK¡vn ev wbf©i‡hvM¨ ivex|

229. gyQvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvqevn nv/38199, mb` nvmvb| 230. gymwjg nv/27 Aby‡”Q`-5; `vi“m mvjvg cvewj‡Kk‡Ýi µwgK bs Abymv‡i|



79 79

mZKx©KiY : GB bvgwU wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi wbK‡U AcÖgvwYZ, we`ÔAvZ Ges bZzb kixÔAvZ ˆZixi kvwgj| GRb¨ Zv‡`i wbK‡U Beby mxixb (int)-hvi b¨vqcivqYZvi e¨vcv‡i gymwjg D¤§vn&i BRgv i‡q‡Q, wZwb Bmjvg †_‡K LvwiR Ges Avnjym mybœvn wdiK¡vi GKRb e¨w³ e‡j MY¨ n‡eb (bvEhywej−vn)|

Gevi j¶¨ Ki“b! Zv‡eC Beby mxixb (int) (whwb AmsL¨ Qvnvexi wkl¨ Ges Qnxnv‡q‡bi Ab¨Zg cÖavb ivex) m¤c‡K© KLb drIqv †`qv n‡”Q?!

Avnjym mybœvn ev G RvZxq kã wb‡gœv³ AvB¤§v‡q gymwjgxbI e¨envi K‡i‡Qb :

1. AvBq~e Avm-mvLwZqvbx (g„t 131 wnt)|231

2. hv‡q`vn web Kz vgvn|232 3. Avngv` web nv¤j|233

4. eyLvix|234 5. BqvnBqv Beby gvÔCb|235 6. Ave~ Iev‡q` K¡v‡mg web mvj−vg|236 7. gynv¤§v` web bvQi Avj-gviIqvhx|237

8. nv‡Kg wbkvcyix|238 9. Avngv` Bebyj ûmv‡qb Avj-evqnvK¡x (g„t 457 wnt)|239 10. Ave~ nvwZg Avi-ivhx (g„t 277 wnt)|

231. Beby ÔAv`x, Avj-Kvwgj 1/75, mb` Qnxn; wnjBqvZzj AvIwjqv 3/9; Avj-RyhDQ

Qvbx wgb nv`xwQ BqvBBqv Be‡b gvÔCb nv/102| 232. LZ¡xe, Avj-Rv‡gÔ nv/755| 233. Avj-gybZvLve wgb Bjvwjj Lvj−vj nv/185| 234. eyLvix, RyhD id‡q Bqv`vBb nv/15| 235. ZvixLy Be‡b gvÔCb, ~ixi eY©bv, ivex bs 2955, Aveyj gyÔZvwgi Bqvhx` web wZngvb-

Gi Rxebx `ªóe¨| 236. Avj-AvgIqvj nv/1218, Ôjv ZvRÔAvj hvKvZvKvÕ, wKZveyj Cgv‡bi ïi“‡Z| 237. wKZveyQ QvjvZ nv/588| 238. nv‡Kg nv/397| 239. †`Lyb : wKZveyj BÔwZK¡v` Iqvj wn`vqv Bjv mvexwji ivkv` Avjv gvhnvwem mvjvd

Iqv AvQnvwej nv`xQ mn evqnvK¡xi Ab¨vb¨ MÖš’mg~n|



Bgvg Ave~ nvwZg (int) Rvnwgqv‡ì240 GB wb`k©b eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, Zviv Avnjym mybœvn‡K ÔgykvweŸnvÕ241 e‡j|242

11. Bgvg Ave~ RvÔdi gynv¤§v` Beby Rvixi AvZ-Z¡vevix (g„t 310 wnt)|243

12. dzhv‡qj web ÔBqvh (g„t 187 wnt)|244

13. kvqLyj Bmjvg Ave~ IQgvb BmgvCj AvQ-Qve~bx (g„t 449 wnt)|245

14. Beby Avwãj evi© Avj-Av›`vjymx (g„t 463 wnt)|246

15. LZ¡xe evM`v`x (kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ)|

16. Ave~ BmnvK¡ Beivnxg web g~mv Avj-KziZzex (g„t 791 wnt)|247

17. nv‡dh kvgmyÏxb hvnvex (g„t 748 wnt)|248

18. nv‡dh Avngv` Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (g„t 852 wnt)|249

240. Rvnwgqv GKwU åvš— wdiK¡v| Rvng web QvdIqvb GB wdiK¡vi cÖwZôvZv| wZwb

Avj−vn&i ¸Yvejx‡K A¯xKvi Ki‡Zb| wZwb KziAvb‡K m„ó g‡b Ki‡Zb| wZwb Av‡iv ej‡Zb †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv me©Î weivRgvb|-Abyev`K|

241. gykvweŸnv : hviv i‡ei mv‡_ Ab¨ wKQz‡K mv`„k¨ cÖ vb K‡i| GwU Ab¨Zg GKwU †Mvgivn wdiK¡v| GB wdiK¡v `yÕwU fv‡M wef³| 1. hviv mªóvi mËvi mv‡_ A‡bï mËvi mv`„k¨ cÖ vb K‡i| †hgb : Avj−vn&i nvZ, gyLgÊj Avgv‡ì nvZ, gyLgÊ‡ji gZB| Pigcš’x kxÔAvMY †hgb mvexÕAvn, gyMxixqvn BZ¨vw` GB AvK¡x`v †cvlY K‡i| 2. hviv Avj−vn&i ¸Yvejx‡K m„wói ¸Yvejxi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y© g‡b K‡i| †hgb : Avj−vn&i `k©b Avgv‡ì `k©‡bi b¨vq| Zvi kÖeY Avgv‡ì kÖe‡Yi gZB| Kvi&ivwgqv, wnkvgx kxÔAvMY GB †kÖYxfy³|- Abyev`K|

242. DQ‚jy Øxb c„t 38; ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ 2/23| 243. Z¡vevix, Qixûm mybœvn c„t 20| 244. wnjBqvZzj AvIwjqv 8/103, 104, mb` Qnxn; Z¡vevix, Zvnhxeyj AvQvi nv/1975,

mb` Qnxn| 245. Zuvi iwPZ MÖš’ ÔAvK¡x`vZzm mvjvd AvQnvwej nv`xQ Ges Avi-wimvjvn dx BÔwZK¡vw`

Avnwjm mybœvn Iqv AvQnvwej nv`xQ Iqvj AvB¤§vnÕ `ªóe¨| 246. AvZ-Zvgnx` 1/8, 2/209 BZ¨vw`| 247. kvwZ¡ex, Avj-BÔwZQvg 1/61| 248. †`Lyb : wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 5/374| 249. dvrûj evix 1/281-Gi eiv‡Z gvmE` Avngv`, gvhvwn‡e Lvgmvn c„t 39|



81 81

mybœx bvg :

1. nv‡dh hvnvex (int) GKRb weØvb m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, v"�� V��"�� )A� �� 5(M?�� ÔAvi-ivhx GKRb mybœx, dK¡xn Ges Avnjym mybœvn&i Ab¨Zg BgvgÕ|250

hv‡q`vn web Kz vgvn (int)-†K eû Bgvg ÔQv‡ney mybœvnÕ )�# r�U( ev

nv`xQcš’x Ges ÔAvnjym mybœvn-Gi Aš—f©y³Õ )�"�� WG� �%( e‡j‡Qb|251

2. nv‡dh Beby nvRvi (int) ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhx‡e (ivex µwgK 4208) Avãyj gv‡jK web K¡vixe Avj-AvQgvC Avj-evQix m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, v# ��U ÔwZwb mZëv`x mybœxÕ|

gynv¤§v`x gvhnve : gynv¤§v` web Igi Av`-`vE`x (int) Bgvg, nv‡dh, Avj-gydx` (DcKviKvix), gynvwÏQyj BivK (Biv‡Ki gynvwÏQ) Beby

kvnxb (int) m¤ú‡K© eY©bv K‡ib †h, :6M� 3�� rGK% 5� �Z[ �[P OZ� :rGK+� V�)´ �� ÔhLb Zvi wbK‡U Kv‡iv gvhnv‡ei K_v D‡j−L Kiv

nÕZ ZLb wZwb ej‡Zb, ÔAvwg gynv¤§v`x gvhnv‡eiÕ|252

mvims‡¶c : KziAvb, nv`xQ Ges gymwjg BgvgM‡Yi me©m¤§Z Dw³mg~n Øviv cÖZxqgvb nj †h, gymjgvb‡ì Av‡iv ¸YevPK bvg i‡q‡Q| †h¸wj Øviv Zv‡ì‡K WvKv n‡q‡Q| †hgb : Avnjym mybœvn, Avnjyj nv`xQ, mybœx, gynv¤§v`x, wnheyj−vn cÖf„wZ| myZivs gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei G `vex G‡Kev‡iB wfwËnxb Ges `jxjwenxb †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡ì bvg †mªd gymwjg †i‡L‡Qb|

250. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 10/446| 251. †`Lyb : ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 3/264| 252. LZ¡xe, ZvixLy evM`v` 11/267, mb` Qnxn, Igi web Avngv` web IQgvb Ii‡d Beby

kvnxb-Gi Rxebx|



gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei wbK‡U ÔgymwjgÕ e¨ZxZ Ab¨ mKj bvg (†hgb : Avnjym mybœvn, Avnjyj nv`xQ, wnheyj−vn cÖf„wZ) †ewVK Ges wdiK¡v| Avi Zvi wbK‡U wdiK¡ve›`x wkiK, Avhve I jvÔbZ (ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ Z_v wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi ÷xKvi ªóe¨)|

GRb¨ AvB¤§v‡q gymwjgxb †hgb Zv‡eC weØvb gynv¤§v` Beby mxixb (int) I A‡bïv Zvi wbK‡U Bmjvg †_‡K LvwiR Ges gykwiK mve¨¯— n‡q‡Q| (Avj−vn&i Kv‡Q Avkªq PvB)|

ZvKdx‡ii wdrbv : wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qv wbj©¾fv‡e gynvwÏQMY‡K Kv‡di AvL¨v`vb Ki‡Q| Kvh©Zt Giv bv †Kvb gymjgvb‡K mvjvg K‡i, Avi bv Zvi wc‡Q QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i| Zv‡ì wbK‡U †mªd H e¨w³B ÔgymwjgÕ, †h e¨w³ Zv‡ì wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvq (RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb †iwR÷ªvW©) kvwgj n‡q‡Q Ges gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei evqÔAvZ MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³ wb‡R‡K j¶ evi gymwjg ej‡jI Zviv Zv‡ì Ae¯’v‡bB AwePj _v‡Kb|

ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, C�;% 0S ;U 3;;=7�;U 7W;�NM;DC#�;� 3;;D7 C�@] 7W7Z7�;� 3;;D;T(@�7[ ;�@�7K7� F'@ C"F)N�� t@KS�� F57� 9�E%@[ @�� 9�E%@[;� @5@�6F#;. Ô†h e¨w³ Avgv‡ì g‡Zv QvjvZ

Av`vq K‡i, Avgv‡ì †Kejvi w`‡K gyL wdivq Ges Avgv‡ì henK…Z cÖvYx f¶Y K‡i, †m e¨w³ gymwjg| hvi Rb¨ Avj−vn Ges Zuvi ivm~‡ji wh¤§v`vix i‡q‡QÕ|253

Av‡jvPbvi AKvU¨ dvqQvjv : ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, �6F�C�7� t;6C�;�@� @�� t@KS�� F'9ZE);# ;*@)@ C"F)N�� C(@@%C$F)N��;� ;�;�@� @�� Ô†Zvgiv Avj−vn cÖ Ë bv‡g

Wv‡Kv| whwb †Zvgv‡ì bvg †i‡L‡Qb gymwjgxb, gywgbxb, Bev`yj−vn (Avj−vn&i ev›`v)Õ|254 253. eyLvix nv/391; wgkKvZ nv/13| 254. gymbv‡` Avex BÔqvjv Avj-g~‡Qjx 3/142; Qnxn Beby wneŸvb nv/6233|



83 83

GB mb`‡K Beby Lyhvqgvn, nv‡Kg I hvnvex (int)I Qnxn e‡j‡Qb|255

Bgvg wZiwghx (int) e‡j‡Qb, �7K;G >��@�;� e�;";� e�(@T;U er�@�7� ÔGwU

nvmvb Qnxn Mixe nv`xQÕ|256

BqvnBqv Beby Avex KvQxi Ave~ BqvÔjv I Ab¨‡ì mb` mg~‡n ÔmvgvÕ (Avwg ï‡bwQ)-Gi K_vI D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb|

wdiK¡vi Av‡jvPbv : wdiK¡vi cÖ‡qvM nKcš’x‡ì †¶‡ÎI n‡q _v‡K Ges evwZjcš’x‡ì †¶‡ÎI| wKš‘ gvmE` Qv‡ne XvjvIfv‡e e‡jb, ÔwdiK¡ve›`x wkiKÕ!

ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, 9O69Q;= 0@� 0@DE%9� @O;D7]C�@� F�F�C�;D7� C�@% @C(;�;)@J >�7]@.;% 0@ ;� C'FJ7 CD7] C'FG78C�7� _;TN�@� ÔAvgvi D¤§‡Zi g‡a¨ `yÕwU wdiK¡v n‡e| Zvici

Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K GKwU ÔgvwiK¡vnÕ (c_åó wdiK¡vn, Lv‡iRx‡ì `j) †ei n‡e| Zv‡ì mv‡_ jovB Ki‡e H `jwU, †hwU n‡K¡i AwaK wbKUeZx©

n‡eÕ|257 Ab¨ eY©bvq i‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, F�@�;DN?;= 0@DE%9� @�C(;D7]C�@� F�F�C);D7� ;)FJ;C(;� >�7]@.;% ;J9 FDNM;(7� 07�C�7� @�C(;D7?@AS�� _;TN�@� ÔAvgvi D¤§Z `yÕwU

wdiK¡vq wef³ n‡e Ges Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K GKwU `j †ei n‡e (A_©vr †Mvgivn (Lv‡iRx) wdiK¡v)| Dfq wdiK¡vi g‡a¨ †h `jwU n‡K¡i AwaK wbKUeZ©x †mwU H †Mvgivn `j‡K nZ¨v Ki‡eÕ|258

GB wdiK¡v `yÕwU Avjx (ivt) I gyÔAvweqv (ivt)-Gi wdiK¡v wQj Ges Zuv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K Lv‡iRx‡ì RvgvÔAvZ †ei n‡qwQj| †mB ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ‡K Avjx (ivt) nZ¨v K‡iwQ‡jb|

255. Qnxn Be‡b Lyhvqgvn nv/1930; Avj-gymZvìvK, 1/421, 117, 236| 256. wZiwghx nv/2863| 257. gymwjg nv/1065| 258. gymbv‡` Avex BqvÔjv Avj-g~wQjx 2/499, nv/1345, mb` Qnxn; Beby wneŸvb Zvi

Qnxn MÖ‡š’ (8/259) Ges Avngv` (nv/11767) nv`xQwU eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|



cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Qvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi `yÕwU RvgvÔAvZ‡K `yÕwU wdiK¡v AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb| AZGe cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, gymjgvb‡ì RvgvÔAvZ‡K ÔwdiK¡vÕI ejv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr bvRx (gyw³cÖvß) wdiK¡v| Avi GB `yÕwU wdiK¡v (Avjx I gyÔAvweqvi `j) n‡K¡i Dc‡i wQj| RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Ges Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡e :

wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi cÖwZôvZv gvmE` Qv‡ne wb‡R‡K GB nv`x‡Qi mZ¨vqb wnmv‡e g‡b Ki‡Qb| A_©vr ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj Zvi bZzb MwR‡q IVv `j Ges ÔBgvgÕ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj ¯qs wZwb wb‡RB| AZtci wZwb GB RvgvÔAvZ‡K Z¡vM~Z miKv‡ii wbKU †_‡K GKvwaKevi †iwR‡÷ªkbI Kwi‡q‡Qb|

m¤§vwbZ kvqL Wt Ave~ Rv‡ei Avãyj−vn `vgvbfx (Avj−vn Zuv‡K †ndvhZ Ki“b) ¯xq ÔwdiK¡v‡q Rv`x`vnÕ MÖ‡š’ gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei GB †fwéevwR bm¨vr K‡i w`‡q‡Qb Ges AKvU¨ `jxj I cÖgvYvw` Øviv GwU mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb †h, ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj gymjgvb‡ì miKvi I BgviZ Ges ÔBgvgÕ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj Ljxdv I myjZvb| cÖKvk _v‡K †h, gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei wdiK¡v bv †Kvb ûK~gZ I Bgvi‡Zi Dc‡i kvwgj i‡q‡Q, Avi bv Ljxdv I myjZv‡bi Dc‡i| GRb¨ wZwb GB nv`x‡Qi mZ¨vqbKvix bb|

ms‡¶‡c wb‡e`b nÕj, Avn‡j Bjg ev Av‡jg‡ì G e¨vcv‡i HK¨gZ (BRgv) i‡q‡Q †h, GB ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ Øviv gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei RvgvÔAvZ D‡Ïk¨ bq| eis nq BgviZ I ûK~gZ wewkó ivR‰bwZK RvgvÔAvZ A_ev Qvnvev (ivt) I Avnjyj nK (A_©vr Avnjyj nv`xQ)-Gi RvgvÔAvZ|

Bgvg evqnvK¡x (int) D³ nv`xQ‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnx‡ì mv‡_ hy×Õ ) WG� :D]n��( Aa¨v‡q D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb|259 hvi Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, evqnvK¡xi wbK‡UI D³ nv`x‡Qi m¤úK© ivR‰bwZK welqvejxi mv‡_| bZzev 259. Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv 8/156|



85 85

RvgvÔAvZ bv _vKvi wK D‡Ïk¨ nÕ‡Z cv‡i? A_P D¤§‡Zi GKwU `j (A_v©r nKcš’x‡ì RvgvÔAvZ) wKqvgZ ch©š— me© v wbiew”Qbœfv‡e Aewkó _vK‡e| nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (int)I Gi Øviv ÔAvgxiÕ D‡Ïk¨ mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb| A_©vr ivóªxq Avgxi|

F1;<N ;= 7�;�;); C(@)@ C"F)N��;� C'FJ;%;%@P;� Ôgymjgvb‡ì RvgvÔAvZ Ges Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡eÕ-Gi e¨vL¨vq Avih nÕj, RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb

)*) "+� ��¡( Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj gymjgvb‡ì †LjvdZ Ges ÔZv‡ì

BgvgÕ )'J%%P( Øviv ÔLjxdvÕ )'JD?( L( D‡Ïk¨| G e¨vL¨vi yÕwU `jxj wbgœiƒc :

1. (myevBÔ web Lv‡j`) Avj-BqvkKyix-Gi mb‡` ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, ûhvqdv (ivt) e‡j‡Qb, NO@y7� C'7� C�@�;= pK@�;%C6;� C(@ ;Lc�7? C-;�CG7� 0ED;� ;=C6F);X Ôhw` Zzwg ZLb †Kvb Ljxdv bv cvI, ZvnÕ‡j g„Zy Aewa cvwj‡q _vK‡eÕ|260

GB nv`x‡Qi ivex‡ì (eY©bvKvix‡ì) msw¶ß ZvIQxK¡ (mZ¨vqb) wbgœiƒc :

1. myevBÔ web Lv‡j` Avj-BqvkKzix (int) : Beby wneŸvb, Bgvg BRjx, nvwKg, Ave~ ÔAvIqvbv Ges hvnvex Zuv‡K wQK¡vn (wbf©i‡hvM¨) I Qnxûj nv`xQ e‡j‡Qb| Avi G kw³kvjx ZvIQx‡K¡i ci Zuv‡K ÔgvRn~jÕ (AÁvZ) ev ÔgvmZ~iÕ ejv fyj|261 260. Avey vE` nv/4247, mb` nvmvb; gymbv‡` Avey ÔAvIqvbvn nv/7168| 261. †Kvb ivex‡K wQK¡vn wnmv‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv‡K ÔZvIQxK¡Õ e‡j| Avi ÔgvRn~jÕ kãwU Øviv

D‡Ïk¨ nÕj H ivex, hvi Bjgx Ae ’v, b¨vqcivqYZv I ¯§iYkw³ m¤ú‡K© gynvwÏQMY AeMZ bb| gvRn~j ivex `yÕcÖKvi| 1. gvRn~jyj ÔAvBb : hvi bvg ÁvZ nÕ‡jI Ab¨vb¨ welqvw` AÁvZ Ges Zvi wbKU †_‡K gvÎ GKRbB nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Ggb ivex‡K ÔgvRn~jyj ÔAvBbÕ ejv nq| ZvIQxK bv Kiv n‡j Ggb ivexi eY©bv MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| 2. gvRn~jyj nvj : †h ivex †_‡K `yB wKsev `yÕR‡bi AwaK e¨w³ nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ Zvi ZvIQxK Kiv nqwb Zv‡K gvRn~jyj nvj ev ÔgvmZ~iÕ ejv nq| Rgn~‡ii wbK‡U Ggb ivexi eY©bv cÖZ¨vL¨vZ (we —vwiZ `ªóe¨: W. gvng~ AvZ-Znnvb, Zvqmxi“ gyQZ¡vjvwnj nv`xQ, c„t 120-121; W±i mynv‡qj nvmvb, gyÔRvgy BQwZjvnvwZj nv`xQ, c„t 304-306)|-Abyev`K|



mZKx©KiY : GB ZvIQx‡K¡i wecix‡Z myevBÔ web Lv‡j` (int)-Gi e¨vcv‡i †Kvb D‡j−L‡hvM¨ mgv‡jvPbv we`¨gvb †bB|262

2. QvLi web eì Avj-BRjx (int) : Beby wneŸvb Ges Ave~ ÔAvIqvbvn Zuv‡K wQK¡vn I Qnxûj nv`xQ e‡j‡Qb| Avi GB ZvIQx‡K¡i c‡i kvqL Avjevbxi Zuv‡K ÔgvRn~jÕ ejv fyj |

3. AveyZ-ZvBqvn Bqvhx` web ûgv‡q` (int) : Qnxnv‡qb Ges mybv‡b AvievÔAvi ivex Ges wQK¡vn-QveZ (wbf©i‡hvM¨) wQ‡jb|

4. Avãyj IqvwiQ web mvC` (int) : Qnxnv‡qb Ges mybv‡b AvievÔAvi ivex Ges wQK¡vn-QveZ wQ‡jb|

5. gymvÏv` web gymvinv` (int) : Qnxn eyLvix I Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’i ivex Ges wQK¡vn nv‡dh wQ‡jb|

cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, G mb`wU nvmvb wj-hvwZwn| Avi K¡vZv`vi (wQK¡vn gy vwj−m) bvQi web AvwQg †_‡K myevBÔ web Lv‡j` m~‡Îi eY©bvwU QvLi web e`‡ii nv`x‡Qi kv‡n` ev mg_©K| †hwU gvmE` Avngv` weGmwmi ÔDQ~‡j nv`xQÕ-Gi Av‡jv‡K myevBÔ web Lv‡j` (int) ch©š— Qnxn|263

GB ÔnvmvbÕ eY©bv Øviv cÖgvwYZ nj †h, ûhvqdv (ivt)-Gi nv`x‡Q Bgvg Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj Ljxdv| ¯§Z©e¨ †h, nv`xQ nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨v K‡i| GB nv`xQ Øviv ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ Ges Zv‡ì Bgvg A_©vr Ljxdvi Av‡jvPbvi AKvU¨ dvqQvjv n‡q hvq|

dv‡q`v : Bgvg BRjx wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg I b¨vqcivqY wQ‡jb| Zuv‡K ˆkw_jëv`x AvL¨vwqZ Kiv fyj|264

2. nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx F1;<N ;= 7�;�;); @ C"F)N��C(@);� C'FJ;%;%@P;� Ôgymjgvb‡ì RvgvÔAvZ‡K Ges Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡eÕ-Gi 262. we —vwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ †`Lyb : ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ 3/345-350| 263. †`Lyb : mybv‡b Avey vE` nv/4244; nv‡Kg (4/432-433) G‡K Qnxn e‡j‡Qb Ges

hvnvex Zuvi mv‡_ HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb| 264. †`Lyb : ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ 3/351-353|



87 87

e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb, 7:7] HV@�;IC(;�N��: 0;C,;)N�� 7[@P C'7� C�9Q;� n@� @ºC.7\N�� >�7?(@ ;L ;�C(7 ;,7� @�7�C<F,N�@� @�C�E/��;� 07 ;� @WH);T;= @2E�@� @O;%E<�� Hg;�;� @WCU7� @2;�;�E�� >�;�;@Z C�;� @2;�;�7QF%

@�SM;�;)N�� Ôevqhvex (g„t 685 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, Gi A_© nÕj, hLb hgx‡b †Kvb Ljxdv _vK‡e bv, ZLb †Zvgvi KZ©e¨ nÕj wew”Qbœ _vKv Ges hy‡Mi Kó mn¨ Kivi e¨vcv‡i âh©aviY Kiv| Avi Mv‡Qi wkKo Kvg‡o _vKv Øviv Kó mn¨ Kivi cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡QÕ|265

nv‡dh Beby nvRvi gynv¤§v` web Rvixi web Bqvhx` AvZ-Z¡vevix (g„t 310 wnt) †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, F-�;6E/��;� SO7� ;��;�F)N�� ;�@% @�;�;�N�� F1�F<9�

@�;�;);�N�� ;��@KS�� n@� @�;�7B @�;% �6F,;);DC � 07 ;� @R@z@%N\;= C�;)7� 7�7Q;� F5;D;,C(;� ;�;�;L @�;� @�;�;);�N��3 7:7] :n@�;� @��@�;TN�� F5E�7� 0;D;% C'7� C�9Q;� @aE @� e1;%@P ;�;�;DN�7� FaE�� 7�C�;<��

7 7� ;�ED@�F� 7�;�� n@� �N�9?C�7]@� 9:@<;DC,;�;� C(@);�N��;� @O@P ;f7�;DC#� ;�@�7[ ÔmwVK nÕj, nv`xQ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ H RvgvÔAvZ‡K AuvK‡o aiv, †h (`jwU) Zvi (Bgvg)-Gi Bgvi‡Zi e¨vcv‡i HKë× n‡q‡Q| Avi †h e¨w³ Zvi evqÔAvZ‡K f½ Kij, †m RvgvÔAvZ †_‡K †ei n‡q †Mj| wZwb (Be‡b Rvixi) e‡jb, Avi nv`xQwU‡Z (GI) Av‡Q †h, hLb gvby‡li †Kvb Bgvg _vK‡e bv Ges †jv‡Kiv wewfbœ `‡j wef³ n‡q co‡e, ZLb †m †Kvb `‡jiB AbymiY Ki‡e bv Ges m¶g n‡j me `j †_‡K wew”Qbœ _vK‡eÕ|266

Qnxn eyLvixi e¨vL¨vZv Avj−vgv Avjx web Lvjvd web Avãyj gv‡jK web evË¡vj KyiZyex (g„t 449 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, 5(�� )� }JM?�� ~ -6`�

1�<� ��¡ *) "+� ±�=� 1(M�� 0 � �)A� .6��h ÔG nv`x‡Q dK¡xn‡ì Rb¨ gymjgvb‡ì RvgvÔAvZ‡K AuvK‡o aivi Ges hvwjg kvmK‡ì we‡ivwaZv bv Kivi `jxj i‡q‡QÕ|267 265. dvrûj evix 13/36| 266. H, 13/37| 267. Beby evË¡vj, ki‡n Qnxn eyLvix 10/33|



nv‡dh Beby nvRvi D³ nv`x‡Qi GKwU As‡ki e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb, ;6FG;� >�;�;@Z C�;� @1�F<9� @�;�;); ;*@)@ C"F)N�� @�;�7B;� C'@J@(@B7 ;# C67�;� �C6;/;� ÔGwU

gymjgvb‡ì RvgvÔAvZ‡K AuvK‡o aiv Ges Zv‡ì kvmK‡ì AvbyMZ¨ Kivi Bw½Zevnx| hwÌ Zviv (kvmKeM©) bvdigvbx K‡iÕ|268

nv`xQ e¨vL¨vKviK‡ì (Beby Rvixi Z¡vevix, K¡vhx evqhvex, Beby evË¡vj I nv‡dh Beby nvRvi) D³ e¨vL¨vmg~n (mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi eyS Abycv‡Z) Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, D‡j−wLZ nv`xQ (RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb I Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡e) Øviv cÖPwjZ RvgvÔAvZ I `jmg~n (†hgb gvmE` Avngv` weGmwmi RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb †iwR÷vW©) D‡Ïk¨ bq| eis gymjgvb‡ì me©m¤§Z †LjvdZ I Ljxdv D‡Ïk¨|

GKwU nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q †h, ;%C� ;%;X ;�7�C(;d 7�E5 @P;%e1 ;%;X @%C(;Dc� ;@G@ E(c� Ô†h

e¨w³ g„Zy eiY K‡i Ggb Ae¯’vq †h Zvi †Kvb Bgvg (Ljxdv) †bB, †m Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi g„Zy eiY KijÕ|269

GB nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (int) Zuvi GK QvÎ‡K

e‡j‡Qb †h, V.�= % �1%�� VK�� D�) +�O6) " 5( � 'J Z :6M� :�KG 1%PR,% �KJ� 3 ÔZzwg wK Rvb (D³ nv`x‡Q ewY©Z) Bgvg Kv‡K e‡j?

Bgvg wZwbB, hvi Bgvg nIqvi e¨vcv‡i gymwjg D¤§vn HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡i‡Q| cÖwZwU †jvKB ej‡e †h, BwbB Bgvg (Ljxdv)| GUvB D³ nv`x‡Qi gg©v_©|270

268. dvrûj evix 13/36| 269. Qnxn Beby wneŸvb nv/4573, nv`xQ Qnxn| 270. myIqvjvZz Be‡b nvbx c„t 185, Aby‡”Q` 2011; ZvnKxKx gvKvjvZ 1/403|



89 89

GB e¨vL¨v ØvivI GUvB cÖgvwYZ nq †h, ÔZv‡ì BgvgÕ )'J%%P( Øviv

D‡Ïk¨ nÕj H Bgvg (Ljxdv), hvi †Ljvd‡Zi e¨vcv‡i mKj gymjgv‡bi BRgv n‡q †M‡Q| hw` Kv‡iv e¨vcv‡i cÖ_g †_‡KB gZv‰bK¨ nq, Z‡e wZwb GB nv`x‡Q D‡Ïk¨ bb| GRb¨ wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi (RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb †iwR÷vW©) D³ nv`xQ Øviv wb‡Ri ˆZix I bZzb MwR‡q IVv wdiK¡v‡K D‡Ïk¨ †bqv fyj, evwZj Ges A‡bK eo †auvKvevwR|

Avcbviv Zv‡ì‡K wR‡Ám Ki“b †h, †Kvb wbf©i‡hvM¨ I mZëv`x Bgvg, gynvwÏQ, nv`x‡Qi fvl¨Kvi A_ev Av‡jg Lvqi“j Kziƒ‡bi (¯^Y©) hy‡M, nv`xQ msKj‡bi hy‡M Ges nv`xQ e¨vL¨vZv‡ì hy‡M (1g wnRix kZK †_‡K 9g wnRixkZK ch©š—) †KD wK G nv`xQ Øviv GB `jxj mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb †h, RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Øviv †LjvdZ D‡Ïk¨ bq Ges ÔZv‡ì BgvgÕ Øviv Ljxdv D‡Ïk¨ bq| eis Kv¸‡R †iwR÷vW© RvgvÔAvZ Ges Zvi Kv¸‡R Amgw_©Z Avgxi D‡Ïk¨? hw` Gi †Kvb cÖgvY _v‡K Z‡e †hb †ck K‡i| Ab¨_vq mvaviY gymjgvb‡ì‡K †hb weåvš— bv K‡i| we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ †`Lyb : gynZvivg Ave~ Rv‡ei Avãyj−vn `vgvbfx nvwdhvûj−vn&i MÖš’ ÔAvj-wdiK¡vZzj Rv`x`vnÕ|271

271. cÖvwß ’vb : W. Ave~ Rv‡ei `vgvbfx, e−K-38, evox-647, wKgvox, KivPx| †cv÷ †KvW

: 75620|



Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi wei“‡× gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei KwZcq wkïmyjf mgv‡jvPbv

Ôgvhvwn‡e LvgmvnÕ (cÂ gvhnve) bvgK cyw¯—Kvi 32 c„ôvq gvmE` Qv‡ne GB `vex K‡i‡Qb †h, Qvjv‡Z ÔAvj−v-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgb Avhvwe Rvnvbœvg....Õ cvV Kiv dih Ges ÔQvjvZzi ivm~jÕ MÖ‡š’i 278 c„ôv †_‡K nvKxg gynv¤§v` Qv‡`K wkqvj‡KvUx (int)-Gi GKwU BeviZ †_‡K GB djvdj MÖnY K‡i †h ÔD‡j−wLZ †`vÔAvwU cov hiƒix bqÕ Avnjym mybœvn‡K (Avn‡jnv`xQ) †`vlv‡ivc Kivi nxb cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q‡Qb|

Reve-1 : gynZvivg nvKxg gynv¤§v` Qv‡`K wkqvj‡KvUx (int)-Gi cÖwZwU K_vB Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Rb¨ `jxj bq| Avi bv †Kvb Avn‡jnv`xQ Zuvi cÖ‡Z¨K K_v‡K `jxj g‡b K‡i| GRb¨ Awf‡hvMwU †Mvov‡ZB LZg n‡q †M‡Q|

Reve-2 : ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, E'9Y F�E(;�;D;� ;�@% @};�H�� F5;�;�C�7� @5C(7�@P 6F�C�;(7� ÔAZtci gyQj−x †hb wb‡Ri Rb¨ †h †Kvb †`vÔAv cm›` K‡i Ges †`vÔAv K‡iÕ|272

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) †Zv gyQj−x‡K ¯vaxbZv w`‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ gvmE` Qv‡ne †mB ¯vaxbZv‡K niY Ki‡Qb|

Reve-3 : Bgvg eyLvix (int) D³ nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i GB Aby‡”Q`wU †eu‡a‡Qb, ;�F- ;% F�E(;�;DF� ;�@% @};�H�� ;�C,;� @�HJ;�ED�� ;dC(7�;� r@ �;6@�* ÔZvkvnû‡ì c‡i †h †`vÔAvwU †e‡Q †bqv nq, A_P Zv Avek¨K bqÕ|273

hw` gvmE` Qv‡ne Zvi jKemn †Kvb drIqv cÖ vb K‡ib, Z‡e Zvi drIqvi Uv‡M©‡U Bgvg eyLvix (int)I G‡m hv‡”Qb| (Avgiv gymjgvb‡ì‡K Kv‡di AvL¨v`vb †_‡K Avj−vn&i Kv‡Q Avkªq Pvw”Q)|

272. Qnxn eyLvix nv/835; Qnxn gymwjg nv/402; wgkKvZ nv/909| 273. eyLvix nv/835-Gi c~‡e©|



91 91

Reve-4 : ai“b †h, nvKxg gynv¤§v` Qv‡`K I Bgvg eyLvix (int)-Gi fyj n‡q‡Q| Z‡e GUv Zv‡ì BRwZnv`x fyj| Avnjyj nv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U n‡Ki gvb`Ê Ges `jxj wZbwU- 1. KziAvb gvRx` 2. Qnxn nv`xQmg~n 3. D¤§‡Zi BRgv|

mZK©xKiY : KziAvb gvRx` I Qnxn nv`xQ mg~n Øviv GUv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, D¤§‡Zi BRgvI kixÔAv‡Zi `jxj Ges û¾vZ ev cÖgvY| Dciš‘ BRwZnv‡ì êaZvI cÖgvwYZ i‡q‡Q| Avi mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi AvQvi Øviv `jxj MÖnY m‡e©vËg BRwZnv`|

Gfv‡e gvmE` Qv‡ne Ges Zvi `j hy‡Mi KjsK ÔAvj-gymwjgÕ bvgK cwÎKvq (bvgwU nIqv DwPr wQj Gi wecixZ) Avn‡jnv`xQ I Avn‡j AvQvi‡ì (A_©vr gynvwÏQMY Ges Zv‡ì mv_xMY) wei“‡× Ô`mZ~i“j gyËvKxÕ bvgK MÖ‡š’i D×„wZ w`‡q Acev` Av‡ivc K‡i †i‡L‡Qb| A_P Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U Ô`mZ~i“j gyËvKxÕ bv KziAvb, Avi bv Qnxn nv`xQmg~‡ni msKjb| GRb¨ GB MÖ‡š’i cÖ‡Z¨KwU D×…wZ Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wei“‡× `jxj bq| G‡Z KziAvb gvRx‡ì †h AvqvZmg~n Ges †h Qnxn nv`xQ mg~n i‡q‡Q, †m¸wj `jxj| G MÖ‡š’i †jL‡Ki wbR¯^ ivq mg~n †Kvb Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi wbK‡UB `jxj bq| myZivs †Kb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K †`vlv‡ivc Kiv n‡”Q?

gvmE` Qv‡n‡ei GB wkïmyjf Kg©Kv‡Êi Øviv Kviv DcK…Z n‡e? wZwb wK gynvwÏQ‡ì kÎ“‡ì nvZ‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Qb bv?

†hgb- Avnjyj nv`xQ bvgwU Zvi wbK‡U we`ÔAvZ g‡b n‡q‡Q| ZvB Zvi g~jbxwZ Abyhvqx Bgvg eyLvix I Abïv we`ÔAvZx mve¨¯— n‡q‡Qb| †Kbbv Zuviv GB bvgwU eënvi K‡i‡Qb| (Avj−vn&i Kv‡Q cvbvn PvB)| we`ÔAv‡Zi GB myi †Kv_vq wM‡q †kl n‡e?



ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) GKw`b Lyrevq e‡jb, 787� SO@P 0�;. 0@�;�;%7� NO7� C'9Q;) ;�9� ;% C'FDN @J; E)@% 0@;)S ;� 0@%C6;� �7K;G sW9Z p:;% F5FDN ;T;� ��C�;� >:7�;� 0�@P;� FlNM7 ;L t@�;�@� �}7?;F� C'FJS 9Z C'FJE�@P;� F'FJCD;=7� F*@B;(E�� C'FJCD7�;DC 7� C�;� C'@J@�@� E�;�;�Cl;% C'@JC(7 ;� ;%

FlN 7 C�7� C'FJ7� ÔAvgvi ie Avgv‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb †h, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K H

mKj welq wk¶v wè †h¸wj †Zvgiv AeMZ bI Ges hv Avgvi cÖfy AvR Avgv‡K wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb| (Avj−vn e‡jb) Avwg Avgvi †Kvb ev›`v‡K †h mKj m¤ú` `vb Kwi, Zv nvjvj| Avwg Avgvi mKj ev›`v‡K ÔûbvdvÕ (nvbxd274-Gi eûePb) K‡i m„wó K‡iwQ| wKš‘ kqZvb Zv‡ì wbK‡U G‡m Zv‡ì‡K c`öwjZ K‡i| Avi †h mKj e¯‘ Avwg Zv‡ì Rb¨ nvjvj K‡iwQ, †m¸wj‡K Zv‡ì Rb¨ nvivg mve¨¯— K‡iÕ|275

Avj−vn&i Kv‡Q †`vÔAv iBj †h, wZwb †hb Gme c_åóKvix kqZvb¸‡jv †_‡K Avgv‡ì‡K ¯xq †ndvh‡Z iv‡Lb Ges Avnjyj nv`xQ‡ì‡K (A_©vr gynvwÏQMY) GB c„w_ex‡Z ivR‰bwZK weRq w`‡q Zuvi RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Ges Gi Bgvg Z_v Ljxdv‡K K¡v‡qg K‡i †`b- Avgxb!

mZKx©KiY : GB cÖeÜwU cÖ_‡g ÔAvj-wdiK¡vZzj Rv`x`vnÕ-Gi ïi“‡Z cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| eZ©gv‡b ms‡kvab, m¤úv`bv I AwZwi³ dv‡q`v mn GUv‡K wØZxq evi cÖKvk Kiv n‡”Q| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn| (6B A‡±vei 2011Bs)|

274. ÔnvbxdÕ A_© GKwbô| ÔØx‡b nvbxdÕ nÕj Bmjvg ag©| Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi ag©‡K ÔØx‡b

nvbxdÕ ejv nq| g~jZt GKwbô gymjgvbMYB nÕ‡jb nvbxd|-Abyev`K| 275. gymwjg nv/2865; wgkKvZ nv/5371|



93 93

RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Øviv wK D‡Ïk¨? cÖkœ : wb‡e`b nÕj †h, ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ (†iwR÷vW©) eyLvix I gymwj‡gi GB (mvg‡b Avm‡Q) nv`xQ‡K wb‡R‡ì c‡¶ †ck K‡i _v‡K| hLb Zv‡ì GB eyS I BmwZdv`vn (DcK…Z nIqv) Ges Gfv‡e `jxj MÖn‡Yi e¨vcv‡i Avgv‡ì wfbœgZ i‡q‡Q| `qv K‡i Lvqi“j Kziƒ‡bi (¯^Y© hyM) eyS I BmwZdv`vn Øviv DcK…Z Ki‡eb|

;{C(7Z F�C%�4� �7[@P C'7� C�9Q;= >�;�;); ÔhLb RvgvÔAvZ _vK‡e bv ZLb wK Ki‡Z n‡eÕ Aby‡”Q‡ì Aax‡b 1968 bs nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb,

F1;<N ;= 7�;�;); ;*@)@ C"F)N�� C'FJ;%;%@P;� .FlN 9] NO@y7� C'7� C�9Q;� C'FJ7� >�;�;); 78;� e1;%@P� 7:7] 7�N:@<;DC� ;�N @= ;�;�@?N�� 3;JS 9Z C67�;� NO7� Eg;,;= @WCU7\@� p2;�;�;� 0ED;� ;�[email protected]�F� FXC6;)N��

;lC�7�;� 07 ;� ;�@�7[h ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Ges Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡e| Avwg ejjvg, hw` Zv‡ì †Kvb RvgvÔAvZ I Bgvg bv _v‡K? wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg H `j¸‡jv‡K cwiZ¨vM Ki‡e| hwÌ †Zvgv‡K Mv‡Qi wkKo Kvg‡o a‡i _vK‡Z nq Ges GgZve¯’vq †Zvgvi g„Zz G‡m hvqÕ|276

gynZvivg! G m¤ú‡K© wZbwU hy‡Mi D×„wZmg~n Øviv cwic~Y© w`Kwb‡`©kbv w`b †h, ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ (†iwR÷vW©) G nv`x‡Qi wfwË‡Z-

1. mevB‡K †Mvgivn Ges wb‡R‡ì‡K m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c mwVK g‡b K‡i|

2. Zv‡ì KwZcq MÖš’ †hgb (1) `vIqv‡Z Bmjvg (c„t 47-48)-G 34wU gvhnvex RvgvÔAvZ (2) `vIqv‡Z wdKi I bhi (c„t 49) MÖ‡š’ 33wU gvhnvex RvgvÔAvZ Ges jvgnv‡q wdKwiqvn (c„t 42) I Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’ 33wU gvhnvex RvgvÔAv‡Zi bvg MYbv K‡i‡Q| †mLv‡b GB eyS †`qvi 276. eyLvix nv/7084; gymwjg nv/1847; wgkKvZ nv/5382 Ô†bZ…Z¡Õ Aa¨vq, ÔwdZbv

Avwef©v‡ei mgq Ges me©ve ’vq RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb‡K AuvK‡o aiv IqvwReÕ Aby‡”Q`|



†Póv K‡i‡Q †h, GB (RvgvÔAvZ¸wj) †h‡nZz ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ (†iwR÷vW©)-Gi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ bq; †m‡nZy (†m¸wj) †Mvgivn ev c_åó|

3. mvaviYfv‡e Zv‡Z ivR‰bwZK `jmg~‡ni D‡j−L _vKv †Kvb Avk¼v †_‡K gy³ bq|

`qv K‡i Avcbvi g~jëvb mgq †_‡K wKQz mgq we‡kl w`Kwb‡`©kbvi Rb¨ Aek¨B DrmM© Ki‡eb|

-ms¯‹vi I Kj¨vYKvgx : Zv‡iK gvng~`, mvC` A‡UvR, `xbv †Rnjvg|

Reve : G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB †h, KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xQ û¾vZ ev `jxj Ges KziAvb I nv`xQ †_‡K BRgv‡q D¤§‡Zi `jxj nIqv mve¨¯— i‡q‡Q| GRb¨ kixÔAv‡Zi `jxj nÕj wZbwU- 1. KziAvb gvRx` 2. Qnxn I nvmvb wj-hvwZwn Ges gvid~Ô nv`xQ mg~n 3. BRgv‡q D¤§Z|

mvexjyj gywgbxb msµvš— AvqvZ Ges Ab¨vb¨ `jxj Øviv wb‡gœv³ `yÕwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© g~jbxwZI cÖgvwYZ i‡q‡Q :

1. KziAvb I mybœvn&i †mªd H gg©B MÖnY‡hvM¨, †hwU mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb (†hgb Qvnvev, Zv‡eCb, Zv‡e Zv‡eCb, gynvwÏQMY, Ijvgv‡q Øxb I Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ nv`xQ e¨vL¨vKviMY) †_‡K me©m¤§wZµ‡g A_ev †Kvb gZ‡f` QvovB mve¨¯— i‡q‡Q|

2. BRwZnv` †hgb mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi AvQvi Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv|

GB f~wgKvi c‡i mvB‡q`ybv ûhvqdv Bebyj Bqvgvb (ivt) ewY©Z nv`xQ

F1;<N ;= 7�;�;); ;*@)@ C"F)N�� C'FJ;%;%@P;� Ôgymjgvb‡ì RvgvÔAvZ Ges Zv‡ì

Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡eÕ-Gi e¨vL¨vq Avih nÕj †h, GLv‡b RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj gymjgvb‡ì †LjvdZ Ges ÔZv‡ì BgvgÕ

)'J%%P( Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj ÔZv‡ì LjxdvÕ )'JD?( L( (A_©vr gymjgvb‡ì

Ljxdv)| GB e¨vL¨vi `yÕwU `jxj wbgœiƒc :



95 95

1. (myevBÔ web Lv‡j`) Avj-BqvkKzix (wbf©i‡hvM¨ Zv‡eC)-Gi mb‡` ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, ûhvqdv (ivt) e‡jb, Ôhw` Zzwg ZLb †Kvb Ljxdv bv cvI, Z‡e g„Zz Aewa cvwj‡q _vK‡eÕ|277

GB nv`x‡Qi ivex‡`i msw¶ß ZvIQxK¡ wbgœiƒc :

1. myevBÔ web Lv‡j` Avj-BqvkKzix (int) : Zuv‡K Beby wneŸvb, Bgvg BRjx, nv‡Kg, Ave~ ÔAvIqvbvn Ges hvnvex wQK¡vn (wbf©i‡hvM¨) I Qnxûj nv`xQ e‡j‡Qb| myZivs GB kw³kvjx mZ¨vq‡bi ci Zuv‡K ÔgvRn~jÕ (AÁvZ) wKsev ÔgvmZ~iÕ (AcwiwPZ) ejv fyj|

2. QvLi web e`i Avj-BRjx (int) : Beby wneŸvb Ges Ave~ ÔAvIqvbvn Zuv‡K wQK¡vn I Qnxûj nv`xQ e‡j‡Qb| GB ZvIQx‡K¡i c‡i kvqL Avjevbxi Zuv‡K gvRn~j ejv fyj|

3. AveyZ ZvBqvn Bqvhx` web ûgv‡q` (int) : wZwb Qnxnv‡qb Ges mybv‡b AvievÔAvi ivex Ges wQK¡vn-QveZ (wbf©i‡hvM¨) wQ‡jb|

4. Avãyj IqvwiQ web mvC` (int) : wZwb Qnxnv‡qb I mybv‡b AvievÔAvi ivex Ges wQK¡vn-QveZ (wbf©i‡hvM¨) wQ‡jb|

5. gymvÏv` web gymvinv` (int) : Qnxn eyLvix I Ab¨ nv`xQ MÖ‡š’i ivex Ges wQK¡vn-nv‡dh wQ‡jb|

cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, G mb`wU nvmvb wj-hvwZwn| Avi K¡vZv`v (wQK¡vn-gy vwj−m)-Gi bvQi web Av‡Qg nÕ‡Z myevBÔ web Lv‡j` m~‡Îi eY©bvwU QvLi web e`‡ii nv`x‡Qi kv‡n` ev mg_©K| †hwU gvmE` Avngv` weGmwmi ÔDQ‚‡j nv`xQÕ-Gi Av‡jv‡K myevBÔ web Lv‡j` (int) ch©š— Qnxn|278

277. Ave~ vE` nv/4247, mb` nvmvb; gymbv‡` Avex ÔAvIqvbvn nv/7168| 278. †`Lyb : Ave~ vE` nv/4244; nv‡Kg (4/432-433) G‡K Qnxn e‡j‡Qb Ges hvnvex

Zuvi mv‡_ HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb|



GB nvmvb (Ges gvmEw`qvi g~jbxwZ Abyhvqx Qnxn) eY©bv Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, ûhvqdv (ivt) ewY©Z nv`x‡Q Bgvg Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj Ljxdv| Avi ¯§Z©e¨ †h, nv`xQ nv`xQ‡K e¨vL¨v K‡i|

2. nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb I Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡eÕ-Gi e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb,

7:7] HV@�;IC(;�N��: 0;C,;)N�� 7[@P C'7� C�9Q;� n@� @ºC.7\N�� >�7?(@ ;L ;�C(7 ;,7� @�7�C<F,N�@� @�C�E/��;� 07 ;� @WH);T;= @2E�@� @O;%E<�� Hg;�;� @WCU7� @2;�;�E�� >�;�;@Z C�;� @2;�;�7QF% @�SM;�;)N��h

Ôevqhvex (g„t 685 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, Gi A_© nÕj, hLb hgx‡b †Kvb Ljxdv _vK‡e bv, ZLb †Zvgvi KZ©e¨ nÕj wew”Qbœ _vKv Ges hy‡Mi Kó mn¨ Kivi e¨vcv‡i âh©aviY Kiv| Avi Mv‡Qi wkKo Kvg‡o _vKv Øviv Kó mn¨ Kivi cÖwZ Bkviv Kiv n‡q‡QÕ|279

nv‡dh Beby nvRvi gynv¤§v` web Rvixi web Bqvhx` AvZ-Z¡vevix (g„t 310 wnt) †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h,

F-�;6E/��;� SO7� ;��;�F)N�� ;�@% @�;�;�N�� F1�F<9� @�;�;);�N�� ;��@KS�� n@� @�;�7B @�;% �6F,;);DC � 07 ;� @R@z@%N\;= C�;)7� 7�7Q;� F5;D;,C(;� ;�;�;L @�;� @�;�;);�N��3 7:7] :n@�;� @��@�;TN�� F5E�7� 0;D;% C'7� C�9Q;� @aE @� e1;%@P ;�;�;DN�7� �FaE� 7�C�;<�� 7 7� ;�ED@�F� 7�;�� n@� �N�9?C�7]@� 9:@<;DC,;�;� ;�(@);�N��

@O@P ;f7�;DC#� ;�@�7[h ÔmwVK nÕj, nv`xQ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ H RvgvÔAvZ‡K AuvK‡o aiv, †h (`jwU) Zvi (Bgvg)-Gi Bgvi‡Zi e¨vcv‡i HKë× n‡q‡Q| Avi †h e¨w³ Zvi evqÔAvZ‡K f½ Kij, †m RvgvÔAvZ †_‡K †ei n‡q †Mj| wZwb (Beby Rvixi) e‡jb, Avi nv`xQwU‡Z (GUvI) Av‡Q †h, hLb gvby‡li †Kvb Bgvg _vK‡e bv Ges †jv‡Kiv wewfbœ `‡j wef³ n‡q co‡e, ZLb †m

279. dvrûj evix 13/36|



97 97

†Kvb `‡jiB AbymiY Ki‡e bv Ges m¶g n‡j me `j †_‡K wew”Qbœ _vK‡eÕ|280

Qnxn eyLvixi e¨vL¨vZv Avj−vgv Avjx web Lvjvd web Avãyj gvwjK web

evË¡vj KyiZyex (g„t 449 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, 5(�� )� }JM?�� ~ -6`� 1�<� ��¡ *) "+� ±�=� 1(M�� 0 � �)A� 3.6�� ÔG nv`x‡Q

dK¡xn‡ì Rb¨ gymjgvb‡ì RvgvÔAvZ‡K AuvK‡o aivi Ges hvwjg kvmK‡ì we‡ivwaZv bv Kivi `jxj i‡q‡QÕ|281

nv‡dh Beby nvRvi D³ nv`x‡Qi GKwU As‡ki e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb, ;6FG;� >�;�;@Z C�;� @1�F<9� @�;�;); ;*@)@ C"F)N�� @�;�7B;� C'@J@(@B7 ;# C67�;� �C6;/;� ÔGwU

gymjgvb‡ì RvgvÔAvZ‡K AuvK‡o aiv Ges Zv‡ì kvmK‡ì AvbyMZ¨ Kivi Bw½Zevnx| hwÌ Zviv (kvmKeM©) bvdigvbx K‡iÕ|282

nv`xQ e¨vL¨vKviK‡ì (Beby Rvixi Z¡vevix, K¡vhx evqhvex, Beby evË¡vj I nv‡dh Beby nvRvi) D³ e¨vL¨vmg~n (mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi eyS) Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Dwj−wLZ nv`xQ (RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb I Zv‡ì Bgvg‡K AuvK‡o ai‡e) Øviv cÖPwjZ RvgvÔAvZ I `jmg~n (†hgb gvmE` Avngv` weGmwmi RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb †iwR÷vW©) D‡Ïk¨ bq| eis gymjgvb‡ì me©m¤§Z †LjvdZ I Ljxdv D‡Ïk¨|

GKwU nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q †h, ;%C� ;%;X ;�7�C(;d 7�E5 @P;%e1 ;%;X @%C(;Dc� ;@G@ E(c� Ô†h

e¨w³ g„Zy eiY K‡i Ggb Ae¯’vq †h, Zvi †Kvb Bgvg (Ljxdv) †bB, †m Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi g„Zy eiY KijÕ|283

280. dvrûj evix 13/37| 281. Beby evË¡vj, ki‡n Qnxn eyLvix 10/33| 282. dvrûj evix 13/36| 283. Qnxn Beby wneŸvb nv/4573, nv`xQ nvmvb|



GB nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (int) Zuvi GK QvÎ‡K e‡j‡Qb †h, V.�= % �1%�� VK�� D�) O6) "+� 5( � 'J Z :6M� :�KG

1%PR,% �KJ� 3 ÔZzwg wK Rvb (D³ nv`x‡Q ewY©Z) Bgvg Kv‡K e‡j? Bgvg wZwbB, hvi Bgvg nIqvi e¨vcv‡i gymwjg D¤§vn HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡i‡Q| cÖwZwU †jvKB ej‡e †h, BwbB Bgvg (Ljxdv)| GUvB D³ nv`x‡Qi gg©v_©Õ|284

GB e¨vL¨v ØvivI GUvB cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, ÔZv‡ì BgvgÕ )'J%%P( Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj H Bgvg (Ljxdv), hvi †Ljvd‡Zi e¨vcv‡i mKj gymjgv‡bi BRgv n‡q †M‡Q| hw` Kv‡iv e¨vcv‡i cÖ_g †_‡KB gZv‰bK¨ nq, Z‡e wZwb &H nv`x‡Q D‡Ïk¨ bb| GRb¨ wdiK¡v‡q gvmEw`qvi (RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb †iwR÷vW©) D³ nv`xQ Øviv wb‡Ri ˆZix I bZzb MwR‡q IVv wdiK¡v‡K D‡Ïk¨ †bqv fyj, evwZj Ges A‡bK eo †auvKvevwR|

Avcbviv Zv‡ì‡K wR‡Ám Ki“b †h, †Kvb wbf©i‡hvM¨ I mZëv`x Bgvg, gynvwÏQ, nv`x‡Qi fvl¨Kvi A_ev Av‡jg Lvqi“j Kziƒ‡bi (¯^Y©) hy‡M, nv`xQ msKj‡bi hy‡M Ges nv`xQ e¨vL¨vZv‡ì hy‡M (1g wnRix kZK †_‡K 9g wnRix kZK ch©š—) wK G nv`xQ Øviv GB `jxj mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb †h, RvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxb Øviv †LjvdZ D‡Ïk¨ bq Ges ÔZv‡ì BgvgÕ Øviv Ljxdv D‡Ïk¨ bq| eis Kv¸‡R †iwR÷vW© RvgvÔAvZ Ges Zvi Kv¸‡R Ag‡bvbxZ Avgxi D‡Ïk¨? hw` Gi †Kvb cÖgvY _v‡K Z‡e †hb †ck K‡i| Ab¨_vq mvaviY gymjgvb‡ì‡K †hb weåvš— bv K‡i| we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ †`Lyb : gynZvivg Ave~ Rv‡ei Avãyj−vn `vgvbfx nvwdhvûj−vn&i MÖš’ ÔAvj-wdiK¡vZzj Rv`x`vnÕ|

AvQnveyj nv`xQ Kviv?

Ave~ Z¡v‡ni evivKvZ Avj-nvDhx Avj-IqvwmZ¡x e‡j‡Qb, Avwg gv‡jK I kv‡dCi †kªô‡Z¡i e¨vcv‡i Aveyj nvmvb (Avjx web gynv¤§v` web gynv¤§v`

284. myIqvjvZz Be‡b nvbx c„t 185, Aby‡”Q` 2011; ZvnKxKx gvKvjvZ 1/403|



99 99

web AvZ-Z¡vBwqe) Avj-gvMvwhjx (g„t 483 wnt)-Gi mv‡_ weZK© Kwi| Avwg kv‡dC gvhnv‡ei Abymvix nIqvq kv‡dC‡K †kªô mve¨¯— Kwi| Avi wZwb gv‡jKx gvhnv‡ei Abymvix nIqvq gv‡jK (web Avbvm)-†K †kªô AvL¨v †`b| AZtci Avgiv `yÕRb Ave~ gymwjg (Igi web Avjx web Avngv` web jvqQ) Avj-jvqQx Avj-eyLvix (g„t 466 wnt ev 468 wnt)-†K dvqQvjvKvix Z…Zxq e¨w³ (wePviK) wba©viY Ki‡j wZwb Bgvg kv‡dC‡K †kªô AvL¨v †`b| G‡Z Aveyj nvmvb †i‡M hvb Ges e‡jb, Ôm¤¢eZt Avcwb Zuvi (Bgvg kv‡dC) gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i Av‡QbÕ? Rev‡e

wZwb (Bgvg Ave~ gymwjg Avj-jvqQx Avj-eyLvix) ej‡jb, -TU� �¼ P r"D� Z6�� 3�� rGK% 0 � " � �G�K% 0 � a�� 3��!�

��4� 5� O6,I= 'D�� W(M� �� rGK%h ÔAvgiv AvQnveyj nv`xQ|

†jv‡Kiv Avgv‡`i gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i Av‡Q| Avgiv Kv‡iv gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i †bB| hw` Avgiv Kv‡iv gvhnv‡ei w`‡K m¤úwK©Z nÕZvg Zvn‡j ejv nÕZ, Ô†Zvgiv Zvi (gvhnv‡ei) Rb¨ nv`xQ Rvj K‡ivÕ|285

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, AvQnveyj nv`xQ (Avnjyj nv`xQ) †Kvb ZvK¡jx`x gvhnve †hgb- kv‡dC I gv‡jKx-Gi gyK¡vwj− wQj bv| eis KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i AvgjKvix wQj| GB Zvrch©c~Y© Dw³i c‡iI hw` †Kvb e¨w³ G `vex K‡i †h, AvQnveyj nv`xQ (Avn‡jnv`xQMY) kv‡dC, gv‡jKx I Ab¨‡`i ZvK¡jx`Kvix wQ‡jb, Z‡e G e¨w³ †hb Zvi gw¯—‡®‹i wPwKrmv Kwi‡q †bq|

mZKx©KiY : Bgvg Ave~ gymwjg Avj-jvqQx wQK¡vn wQ‡jb|286

285. myIqvjvZzj nv‡dh Avm-mvjvdx wjLygvB‡qm Avj-nvDhx c„t 118, µwgK bs 113| 286. †`Lyb : Avgvi MÖš’ ÔAvj-dvZûj gyexb dx ZvnKxwK Z¡vevK¡vwZj gy`vwj−mxbÕ c„t 58;

wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 18/408|



mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb I ZvK¡jx`

Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi †NvlYv, NW9] NW;G V@6;DC";� ;��@KS�� 7O6F)7 C,;� ;��@KS��;� 78 7O6F)7 C,;� Ôejyb, hviv Rv‡b Avi hviv Rv‡b bv Zviv wK mgvb nÕ‡Z cv‡iÕ? (hygvi 39/9)| GB AvqvZ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, gvbyl‡ì `yÕwU (eo) †kÖYx i‡q‡Q|

1. Av‡jgMY (gh©v`vMZ w`K †_‡K Av‡jg‡ì K‡qK cÖKvi i‡q‡Q| Avi Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Bjg A‡šlYKvixI kvwgj i‡q‡Q)|

2. mvaviY gvbyl (mvaviY gvby‡li KwZcq †kÖYx i‡q‡Q| Avi Zv‡ì g‡a¨ wbi¶i g~L©I kvwgj i‡q‡Q)|

mvaviY gvby‡li Rb¨ GB weavb †h, Zviv Avn‡j whKi‡ì (Av‡jg-Ijvgv‡ì) wRÁvmv Ki‡e (bvnj 16/43)| GB wRÁvmvev` ZvK¡jx` bq|287 hw` wRÁvmv Kiv ZvK¡jx` nÕZ Zvn‡j †eªjfx I †Ìe›`x‡ì mvaviY RbZv eZ©gvb †eªjfx I †Ìe›`x Av‡jg‡ì gyK¡vwj− nÕZ Ges wb‡R‡ì‡K KL‡bv nvbvdx, gvZyix`x ev bKke›`x BZ¨vw` ejZ bv| †KD midivhx nÕZ, †KD Avgxbx, †KD ZvKvex Ges †KD nZ Ny¤§vbx (?)| A_P †KDB Gi cÖe³v bb| myZivs mvaviYfv‡e wRÁvmv Kiv‡K ZvK¡jx` AvL¨v †`qv fyj I evwZj|

Av‡jg‡ì Rb¨ ZvK¡jx` Rv‡qh bq| eis mva¨vbyhvqx wKZve I mybœvZ Ges K_v I K‡g© BRgvi Dc‡i Avgj Kiv hiƒix| hw` wZbwU `jx‡ji g‡a¨ †Kvb gvmAvjv bv cvIqv hvq ZvnÕ‡j BRwZnv` (†hgb- HK¨gZ †cvlYK…Z I AweZwK©Z mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi AvQvi Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv Ges wK¡qv‡m Qnxn BZ¨vw`) Rv‡qh Av‡Q| nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg (g„t 751 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ;dC(7� F� 7MF)N�� 7O7Z �7[@P;� C�@% @};)7 F,N�� @�7?=@� @};)7 F,N�� C'7�

NWFLC�;� n@� p}Cn;� C�@% @R@K;G @½6F/H��h ÔAvi hLb Av‡jg‡ì HK¨gZ (BRgv)

287. †`Lyb : Bebyj nvwRe bvnex, gybZvnvj DQ~j c„t 218-219 Ges Avgvi MÖš’ : ÔØxb †gu

ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjvÕ c„t 16|



101 101

Abyhvqx gyK¡vwj− Av‡jg bq, ZLb †m G `jxj mg~‡ni (AvqvZ I nv`xQ mg~‡n ewY©Z dhxjZ mg~‡ni) Aš—f©y³ bqÕ|288 G Dw³i gg© Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Av‡jg gyK¡vwj− nb bv|

nv‡dh Beby Avwãj evi© Av›`vjymx (g„t 463 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, �C69�7] :F� 7MF)N��;� 7� ;'N @� F57� C'7�;� �69?@ ;DC�;� n@� ;�@�7[ ÔZviv (Av‡jgMY) e‡j‡Qb, gyK¡vwj−‡ì

†Kvb Bjg †bB| Avi G e¨vcv‡i Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb gZ‡f` †bBÕ|289 GB BRgv ØvivI GUvB cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Av‡jg gyK¡vwj− nb bv| eis nvbvdx‡ì ÔAvj-wn`vqvÕ MÖ‡š’i UxKvq †jLv Av‡Q †h, 9W;);DCTF� NO7� 7O69Q;�

FRF��;�F% @W@G;�N�@� 7MF)N��©;� F5E�7\@� FR;�7Z7[ n@� @�7 ;�7MF% @�@J;DC�F)N�� Ôm¤¢eZt Rvwnj Øviv Zuvi D‡Ïk¨ gyK¡vwj− | †Kbbv wZwb Zv‡K gyRZvwn‡ì wecix‡Z D‡j−L K‡i‡QbÕ|290 GB f~wgKvi ci GB M‡elYvag©x cÖe‡Ü 100 Rb Av‡j‡gi D×„wZ †ck Kiv nÕj| hv‡ì e¨vcv‡i my úófv‡e cÖgvwYZ Av‡Q †h, Zviv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv|-

1. mvB‡q`ybv Avãyj−vn Beby gvmÔE` (ivt) e‡j‡Qb, 'Q�� M=8:`�� Ô†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì Øx‡bi †¶‡Î †jvK‡ì ZvK¡jx` Ki‡e bvÕ|291 wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, 9�F�N� �)@�;� C�7� �) ;,;DF% 7�;� F�C�;= c�;,E%@P ;�C(;� ;�@�7[ ÔAv‡jg A_ev QvÎ nI| GZ`yf‡qi gv‡S (A_©vr GQvov) gyK¡vwj− n‡qv bvÕ|292 ÔB¤§vÔAvnÕi GKwU Abyev` gyK¡vwj− I Av‡Q|293 eySv †Mj †h, Beby 288. BÔjvgyj gyIqvw°Cb 2/200| 289. Rv‡gDÔ evqvwbj Bjwg Iqv dvhwjwn 2/231 ÔZvK¡jx‡ì wdZbvÕ Aby‡”Q`| 290. †n`vqv AvLxiv‡qb c„t 132, UxKv-6 ÔwePvi‡Ki êwkó¨Õ Aa¨vq| 291. evqnvK¡x, Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv 2/10, mb` QnxQ; Av‡iv †`Lyb : Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv

gvmAvjv c„t 35| 292. Rv‡gDÔ evqvwbj Bjwg Iqv dvhwjwn 1/71-72, nv/108, mb` nvmvb| 293. †`Lyb : ZvRyj ÔAviƒm, 11/4; Avj-gyÔRvgyj IqvmxZ¡, c„t 26; Avj-K¡vg~myj Iqvnx` c„t

134|



gvmÔE` (ivt)-Gi wbK‡U †jvK‡ì wZbwU cÖKvi i‡q‡Q| K. Av‡jg L. QvÎ )' � r�B( M. gyK¡vwj− |

wZwb gvbyl‡ì‡K gyK¡vwj− nÕ‡Z wb‡la K‡i w`‡q‡Qb Ges Av‡jg A_ev QvÎ nIqvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb|

2. gyÔAvh web Rvevj (ivt) e‡j‡Qb, ��% ��j, Oy� t�DG� �� R�� M= 'Q�� ÔAv‡jg †n`vqv‡Zi Dc‡i _vK‡jI †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i Zvi ZvK¡jx` Ki‡e bvÕ|294

mZKx©KiY : Qvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi ga¨ †_‡K †Kvb GKRb Qvnvex †_‡KI ZvK¡jx‡ì my úó êaZv K_v ev K‡g© mve¨ — †bB| eis nv‡dh Beby nvhg Av›`vjymx (g„t 456 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔcÖ_g †_‡K †kl ch©š— mKj Qvnvex Ges cÖ_g †_‡K †kl ch©š— mKj Zv‡eCi cÖgvwYZ BRgv i‡q‡Q †h, Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K ev Zv‡ì c~‡e©i †Kvb e¨w³i mKj K_v MÖnY Kiv wb‡la Ges bv Rv‡qhÕ|295

3. Bgvgy `vwij wnRivn (g`xbvi Bgvg) gvwjK web Avbvm gv`vbx (g„t 179 wnt) A‡bK eo gyRZvwn` wQ‡jb| Z¡vnZ¡vex nvbvdx Bgvg PZzó‡qi e¨vcv‡i (Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv, Bgvg gv‡jK, Bgvg kv‡dC I Bgvg

Avngv`) e‡j‡Qb, �� M% z� 'G� ÔZviv Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− Õ|296 gynv¤§v` ûmvBb ÔnvbvdxÕ bvgK GK e¨w³ wj‡L‡Qb, ÔcÖ‡Z¨K gyRZvwn` ¯xq a¨vb-aviYvi Dc‡i Avgj K‡ib| GRb¨ Pvi Bgv‡gi mevB Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− Õ|297 294. Rv‡gD evqvwbj Bjwg Iqv dvhwjwn nv/955, mb` nvmvb; Dciš‘ †`Lyb : Øxb †gu

ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 35-37| 295. Beby nvhg, Avb-byehvZzj Kvwdqvn c„t 71; myq~Z¡x, Avi-ivÏy Avjv gvb DLwj`v Bjvj

Avih c„t 131-132; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 34-35| 296. nvwkqvZzZ Z¡vnZ¡vex Avjv` `ywi©j gyLZvi 1/51| 297. gyCbyj wdK¡n c„t 88|



103 103

gv÷vi Avgxb DKvoex e‡j‡Qb, ÔgyRZvwn‡ì Dc‡i BRwZnv` IqvwRe| Avi wb‡Ri g‡Zv (Ab¨) gyRZvwn‡ì ZvK¡jx` Kiv nvivgÕ|298

midivh Lvb Qdì MvLo–ex †Ìe›`x e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvi ZvK¡jx` Rvwn‡ji R‡b¨B| †h AvnKvg I `jxjmg~n m¤ú‡K© AbeMZ A_ev ci¯úi we‡ivax `jxjmg~‡ni gv‡S mgšq mvab Kivi I AMÖvwaKvi †`qvi †hvM¨Zv iv‡L bv...Õ|299

4. Bgvg BmgvCj web Bqvn&Bqv Avj-gyhvbx (g„t 264 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvgvi †NvlYv GB †h, Bgvg kv‡dC wb‡Ri Ges Ab¨‡ì ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| hv‡Z (cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³) ¯xq Øxb‡K mvg‡b iv‡L Ges wb‡Ri Rb¨ mZK©Zv Aej¤b K‡iÕ|300 Bgvg kv‡dC (int) e‡j‡Qb, �� M= 8� Ô†Zvgiv Avgvi ZvK¡jx` K‡iv bvÕ|301 5. Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi cÖwm× Bgvg I gyRZvwn` Avngv` web gynv¤§v` web nv¤j (g„t 241 wnt) Bgvg AvIhvC I Bgvg gv‡jK m¤c‡K© ¯xq QvÎ Bgvg Ave~ vE` wmwR¯—vbx (int)-†K e‡j‡Qb, 78 C� 7MF= ;�;�@� ��;�7� C�@% @}7�F$;G ÔZzwg †Zvgvi Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i G‡ì Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡e bvÕ|302

dv‡q`v : Bgvg beex e‡j‡Qb, SO@y7� ;�@J;DC�F)N�� 78 F� 7MF� ;�@J;DC�F)N�� Ô†Kbbv wbðqB GKRb gyRZvwn` Ab¨ gyRZvwn‡ì ZvK¡jx` K‡ib bvÕ|303

BebyZ ZziKzgvbx (nvbvdx) e‡j‡Qb, SO@y7� ;�@J;DC�F)N�� 78 F�F� 7M ;�@J;DC�F)N�� Ô†Kbbv wbtm‡›`‡n GKRb gyRZvwn` Ab¨ gyRZvwn‡ì ZvK¡jx` K‡ib bvÕ|304 298. ZvRvwj−qv‡Z Qdì 3/430| 299. Avj-Kvjvgyj gydx` dx BQevwZZ ZvK¡jx` c„t 234| 300. gyLZvQvi“j gyhvbx c„t 1; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 38| 301. Beby Avex nv‡Zg, Av`veyk kv‡dC Iqv gvbvwK¡eyû c„t 51, mb` nvmvb; Øxb †gu

ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 38| 302. gvmvBjy Avey vE` c„t 277| 303. kin Qnxn gymwjg 1/210, nv/21-Gi e¨vL¨v `ªt| 304. evqnvK¡x, Avj-RvInvi“b bvK¡x Avjvm-mybvwbj Kzeiv 6/210|



mZKx©KiY : KwZcq e¨w³ (wb‡R‡ì †kªôZ¡ cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨) KwZcq Av‡jg‡K Z¡vevK¡v‡Z gv‡jwKqv, Z¡vevK¡v‡Z kv‡dCqv, Z¡vevK¡v‡Z nvbvwejvn I Z¡vevK¡v‡Z nvbvwdqvn‡Z D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| hv Dwj−wLZ Av‡jg‡ì gyK¡vwj− nIqvi `jxj bq| †hgb-

K. Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j‡K myeKxi Z¡vevK¡v‡Z kv‡dCqv‡Z (1/199; Ab¨ ms¯‹iY, 1/267) D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q|

L. Bgvg kv‡dC‡K Z¡vevK¡v‡Z gv‡jwKqvn‡Z (Av`-`xevRyj gyhvnnve, c„t 326, µwgK bs 437) I Z¡vevK¡v‡Z nvbvwejvn‡Z (1/280) D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q|

Bgvg Avngv` wK Bgvg kv‡dCi Ges Bgvg kv‡dC wK Bgvg gv‡jK I Bgvg Avngv‡ì gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb?

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Dwj−wLZ Z¡vevK¡v‡Z †Kvb Av‡j‡gi D‡j−L _vKv Zvi gyK¡vwj− nIqvi `jxj bq|305

6. Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv byÔgvb web QvweZ K~dx Kveyjx (int) m¤ú‡K© Z¡vnZ¡vex nvbvdxi e³e¨ MZ n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb (3bs Dw³ ªt)| Avkivd Avjx _vbex †Ìe›`x e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kbbv Bgv‡g AvÔhg Ave~ nvbxdvi Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− nIqv mywbwðZÕ|306

Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv ¯xq wkl¨ K¡vhx Ave~ BDmyd‡K e‡jb, ÔAvgvi mKj K_v wjL‡e bv| Avgvi AvR GK ivq nq Ges Kvj e`‡j hvq| Kvj Ab¨ ivq nq †Zv ciï †mUvI cwieZ©b n‡q hvqÕ|307

dv‡q`v : kvqLyj Bmjvg Beby Zvqwgqvn I nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg (Df‡qi Dci Avj−vn ing Ki“b) `yÕR‡bB e‡j‡Qb †h, Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv ZvK¡jx` †_‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|308 305. †`Lyb : Ave~ gynv¤§v` e`xDÏxb iv‡k`x wmÜx, ZvbK¡x‡` mv`x` ei wimvjv‡q BRwZnv`

Iqv ZvK¡jx` c„t 33-37| 306. gvRvwj‡m nvKxgyj D¤§vZ c„t 345; gvjd~hv‡Z nvKxgyj D¤§vZ 24/332| 307. ZvixLy Bqvn&Bqv web gvCb, ~ixi eY©bv 2/607, µwgK bs 2461; mb` Qnxn; Øxb †gu

ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 38-39|



105 105

wb‡R‡`i‡K nvbvdx aviYvKvix‡`i wb‡gœv³ MÖš’mg~‡nI wjwLZ Av‡Q †h, Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv ZvK¡jx` †_‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|

(1) gyK¡vÏvgv Dg`vZzi wiÔAvqvn dx nvwj− kviwnj †eK¡vqv, c„t 9 (2) KvIQvix, jvgvnvZzb bvhi dx mxivwZj Bgvg hydvi, c„t 21 (3) û¾vZzj−vwnj evwjMvn 1/157|

7. kvqLyj Bmjvg Ave~ Avãyi ingvb evK¡x web gvLjv` web Bqvhx` KziZzex (g„t 276 wnt) m¤ú‡K© Bgvg Ave~ Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` Bebyj dzZ~n web Avãyj−vn Avj- ûgvq`x Avj-Avh`x Avj-Av›`vjymx Avj-AvQvix Avh-hv‡nix (g„t 488 wnt) ¯xq wk¶K Ave~ gynv¤§v` Avjx web Avngv` Ii‡d Beby nvhg †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, OZ� �z�D% 8 � M� �� ÔwZwb

(KziAvb, mybœvn I cÖvavb¨‡hvM¨ gZ‡K) †e‡Q wb‡Zb| Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bvÕ|309 nv‡dh Beby nvh‡gi e³e¨ Be‡b evkKyIqv‡ji wKZveyQ wQjvn-‡ZI (1/108, Rxebx µwgK bs 284) D‡j−L Av‡Q|

nv‡dh hvnvex evK¡x web gvLjv` m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, �� M�8 ��JD� OZ��Y4� ¯?� W� ÔwZwb gyRZvwn` wQ‡jb| wZwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| eis AvQvi (nv`xQ I AvQvi) Øviv drIqv w`‡ZbÕ|310

dv‡q`v : nv‡dh Ave~ mvÔ` Avãyj Kixg web gynv¤§v` web gvbQ‚i AvZ-Zvgxgx Avm-mvgÔAvbx (g„t 562 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, V�Y4� ... RKG ��"��

�Y4� �,� ��!� 5� B� 5��=��h ÔAvj-AvQvix... GB m¤ÜwU AvQv‡ii

cÖwZ A_v©r nv`xQ, nv`xQ AbymÜvb Ges Zvi Abymi‡Yi w`‡K m¤ÜÕ|311

308. †`Lyb : Beby Zvqwgqvn, gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 20/10, 211; BÔjvgyj gyIqvw°Cb 2/200,

207, 211, 228; myq~Z¡x, Avi-ivÏy Avjv gvb DLwj`v Bjvj Avih c„t 132| 309. RyhIqvZzj gyK¡Zvevm dx whKwi DjvwZj Av›`vjym, c„t 168; Beby AvmvwKi, ZvixLy

w`gvkK¡, 10/279| 310. ZvixLyj Bmjvg 20/313, 276 wnRix‡Z g„Zz eiYKvixiv| 311. Avj-Avbmve 1/84|



nv‡dh mvgÔAvbx e‡j‡Qb, V�Gu�� ...RKG ��"�� P -TU� 3�Gu�� 'G� �¡� O6 TD� rGK% �� 0 � �J�U4� r�U 3�Gu�� '®y� O��

½6/�� 0 � 3G�G� 'J(�� 2�bZh ÔAvh-hv‡nix... G m¤ÜwU hv‡nix‡ì cÖwZ| Avi Zviv H RvgvÔAvZ, hviv `vE` web Avjx BQdvnvbx hv‡nixi gvhnve‡K MÖnY K‡i| Giv bQ‡K (KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi `jxj mg~n‡K) Zvi evwn¨K A‡_© MÖnY K‡i| Avi Giv (msL¨vq) A‡bKÕ|312

nv‡dh mvgÔAvbx (int) e‡j‡Qb, 7�E"�0?7 ...RKG ��"�� P { "�� :TD�� 'J�GK% 0 � % l,�h ÔAvm-mvjvdx.... GB m¤ÜwU mvjvd Ges

Zv‡ì gvhnve MÖnY Kivi cÖwZ| †hgbwU Avwg kÖeY K‡iwQÕ|313

Gi Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gymjgvb‡ì AmsL¨ ¸YevPK bvg I Dcvwa i‡q‡Q| GRb¨ mvjvdx, hv‡nix, AvQvix, Avn‡jnv`xQ Ges Avn‡j mybœvZ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj H mKj Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gymjgvb, hviv KziAvb, nv`xQ I BRgvi AbymiY K‡i Ges †Kvb gvby‡li ZvK¡jx` K‡i bv| Avj-nvg`ywj−vn|

8. Bgvg Ave~ gynv¤§v` Avãyj−vn web Iqvnve web gymwjg Avj-wdnix

Avj-wgmix (g„t 197 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, OZ� �MY �� u�� JD� 8 � M� ��3 �[ ��,= �G��h ÔwZwb (nv`xQ eY©bvq)

wQK¡vn ev wbf©i‡hvM¨, û¾vZ314, nv‡dh I gyRZvwn` wQ‡jb| wZwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb Bev`Z¸hvi I `ywbqv wegyL wQ‡jbÕ|315

312. H, 4/99| 313. H, 3/273| 314. whwb wZb jvL nv`x‡Qi Bjg mb` I gZbmn gyL ’ iv‡Lb Zv‡K û¾vZ ejv nq| `ªt

W. mynv‡qj nvmvb, gyÔRvgy BQwZjvnv‡Z nv`xQ c„t 163|-Abyev`K| 315. ZvhwKivZzj ûddvh 1/305, Rxebx µwgK bs 283|



107 107

9. gQ~‡ji wePviK Ave~ Avjx Avj-nvmvb web g~mv Avj-Avkqve Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 209 wnt) m¤ú‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, 7O7Z;� C�@% @�;(@�C�7�

@'N @,�� 78 F� 7MF� c��;�7� ÔwZwb Bj‡gi Ab¨Zg fvÊvi wQ‡jb| wZwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bvÕ|316

10. Ave~ gynv¤§v` Avj-K¡v‡mg web gynv¤§v` web K¡v‡mg web gynv¤§v` web Bqvmvi Avj-evqvbx Avj-KziZzex Avj-Av›`vjymx (g„t 276 wnt) m¤ú‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb,

1�8� �� 'Q!� �� f�� 5M?�� .U� %%P ��JD� 8 � M� �� 6G� {/% -DZ ¤I�� 0 � �� M+�h

ÔwZwb (gynv¤§v` web Avãyj−vn) Be‡b Avãyj nvKvg (web AvÔqvb web jvqQ Avj-wgmix)-Gi mvnPh© jvf K‡iwQ‡jb| GgbwK wZwb wdK¡‡n `¶Zv AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb Ges Bgvg I gyRZvwn` n‡q wM‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb Avj-Chvn wdi ivwÏ Avjvj gyK¡vwj− xb MÖ‡š’i iPwqZvÕ|317

gyK¡vwj− ‡`i cÖZy Ë‡i Zuvi D³ MÖ‡š’i bvg wb‡gœv³ Av‡jgMYI D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb-

K. Avj-ûgvq`x Avj-Av›`vjymx Avh-hv‡nix|318

L. Avãyj Iqvn&nve web Avjx web Avãyj Kvdx Avm-myeKx|319

M. QvjvûÏxb Ljxj web AvqevK AvQ-Qvdv`x|320

N. RvjvjyÏxb myq~Z¡x|321

316. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 6/560| 317. ZvhwKivZzj ûddvh 2/648, Rxebx µwgK bs 671| 318. RyhIqvZzj gyK¡Zvevm 1/118| 319. Z¡vevK¡vZzk kv‡dCqv Avj-Kzeiv 1/530| 320. Avj-Iqvdx wej IdvqvZ 24/116|



mZKx©KiY : Avgv‡ì Rvbv g‡Z nv`xQ msKj‡bi hyM (5g kZvãx wnt) eis 8g kZvãx wnRix ch©š— †Kvb wbf©i‡hvM¨, mZëv`x I Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Av‡jg wKZvey w`dvÔ Avwbj gyK¡vwj− xb, wKZvey RvIqvwhZ ZvK¡jx`, wKZvey DR~weZ ZvK¡jx` ev G g‡g©i †Kvb MÖš’ iPbv K‡ibwb| hw` Kv‡iv GB M‡elYv m¤ú‡K© wfbœgZ _v‡K, Z‡e ïaygvÎ GKwU my úó D×…wZ †ck Ki“b| †Kvb Reve`vZv Av‡Q wK? 11. nviv‡gi D¯—v` AveyeKi gynv¤§v` web Beivnxg Bebyj gybwhi Avb-wbkvcyix (g„t 318 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, 8 ��JD� OZ�� M� ÔwZwb gyRZvwn` wQ‡jb| wZwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bvÕ|322

Bgvg beex e‡j‡Qb, 8� 1<D � �(MD�� ~ .(DL8� rGK¸ �� 35(,� 8� r/,D� 3��4 8� 0 � �� 0 � 2�� WG� 3q�� W� .�� % .6J�

W(�� 8�� "�� 3�T(T/�� :6M�� ¢ �% �% 3l�Z �%� �KG 6J� �� TU� ��,% �% -TU� 0,��h ÔwZwb gvmAvjv wbev©P‡bi †¶‡Î

†Kvb wbw`©ó gvhnve AuvK‡o aiv‡K Avek¨K g‡b Ki‡Zb bv| Avi gZ‡f`Kvix‡ì Af¨vm g‡Zv Kv‡iv Rb¨ †Muvovwg Ki‡Zb bv| eis wZwb my úó `jxj I Qnxn nv`x‡Qi mv‡_ Pj‡Zb| `jxj hvi wbK‡UB _vK bv †Kb wZwb Zvi cÖe³v wQ‡jb| GZ`m‡Ë¡I Avgv‡ì mv_xM‡Yi wbK‡U wZwb Bgvg kv‡dCi Abymvix‡ì g‡a¨ MY¨Õ|323

beexi e³‡eï GKwU Ask D‡j−L K‡i nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, ;% F�E(7M;D;� pr;GNK;)@� p�@��;� S8@P C�;% ;6FG e�@U7] n@� @�sQ;)ED�� ;�@% 3@'N @,�� @�7bNZ7\7Z F�@};)7 3;@�;%;�

C�7� C�;% ;6FG er/;,;DF% ÔGKR‡bi gvhnve gvbvi evaëvaKZv †mB Av‡ivc

321. Z¡vevK¡vZzj ûddvh c„t 288, Rxebx µwgK bs 647| 322. ZvhwKivZzj ûddvh 3/782, Rxebx µwgK bs 775; ZvixLyj Bmjvg, 23/568| 323. Zvnhxeyj Avmgv Iqvj jyMvZ 2/197|



109 109

K‡i †h Bjg AR©‡b A¶g| †hgb Avgv‡ì hy‡Mi AwaKvsk Av‡jgMY| A_ev †h †Muvov I c¶cvZ`yóÕ|324

D³ D×„wZ mg~n nÕ‡Z `yÕwU welq cÖwZfvZ nq-

K. gvhnve¸‡jvi ZvK¡jx` †mB K‡i †h AÁ A_ev †Muvov|

L. gvhnvemg~‡ni ZvK¡jx`Kvixiv KwZcq Av‡jg‡K ¯^ ¯^ Z¡vevK¡v‡Z D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| A_P D‡j−wLZ Av‡jg‡ì gyK¡vwj− nIqv cÖgvwYZ bq| eis Zviv ZvK¡jx‡ì we‡ivax wQ‡jb| myZivs gyK¡vwj− ‡ì iwPZ Z¡vevK¡vZ MÖš’mg~‡ni †KvbB g~j¨ †bB|

12. mZëv`x I nvmvbyj nv`xQ-Gi gh©v`vq Awfwl³ Ave~ Avjx Avj-nvmvb web mvÔ` web Bìxm Avj-KzZvgx Avj-KziZzex (g„t 331 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, OZ� �%�� JD� 8 � M� W(¾� P :�6]�

n,��h ÔwZwb Avj−vgv I gyRZvwn` wQ‡jb| Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb kv‡dCi e³‡eï cÖwZ AvK…ó wQ‡jbÕ|325

13. Bgvg AvIhvC (g„t 157 wnt)-Gi L¨vwZgvb QvÎ Ges (†¯ú‡bi) Avgxi (Ljxdv) wnkvg web Avãyi ingvb web gyÔAvweqv Avj-Av›`vjymxi wePviK Ave~ gyQÔAve web Bgivb Avj-KziZzex m¤c‡K© Bebyj dvivhx e‡j‡Qb, OZ� � M�8 c�;GNK;% 0IM�� % R�. c��;6;U OZ� c�zL c�ª� ÔwZwb †Kvb gvhnv‡ei ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb hv mwVK g‡b Ki‡Zb †m Abyhvqx dvqQvjv w`‡Zb| wZwb mr I gh©v`vevb e¨w³ wQ‡jbÕ|326 14. Ave~ RvÔdi gynv¤§v` web Rvixi web Bqvhx` AvZ-Z¡vevix Avm-mybœx (g„t 310 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, OZ� c��JD� 8 � M� c�� ÔwZwb gyRZvwn` wQ‡jb| Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bvÕ|327 324. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 14/491| 325. ZvhwKivZzj ûddvh 3/870, Rxebx µwgK bs 840| 326. ZvixLy IjvgvBj Av›`vjym 1/189; Ab¨ ms¯‹iY 2/133; Av‡iv †`Lyb : ZvixLy KzhvwZj

Av›`vjym 1/47, 142; Beby mvC` Avj-gvMwiex, Avj-gyMwie wd ûjvj gvMwie 1/32| 327. Avj-Bevi wd Lvevwi gvb Mvevi 1/460|



HwZnvwmK Beby Lvwj−Kvb e‡j‡Qb, OZ� �% �)A4� 3��JD¿� j � M� 3�� ÔwZwb gyRZvwn` Bgvg‡`i Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jb| wZwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` K‡ibwbÕ|328

15. mZ¨ev`x I nvmvbyj nv`xQ K¡vhx AveyeKi Avngv` web Kvwgj web Lvjvd web kvRvivn Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 350 wnt) m¤ú‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, 7O7Z F.;D¦ 3@5@"N?;@� 78;� � 7MF� 7�c�� ÔwZwb wb‡Ri Rb¨ (cÖvavb¨‡hvM¨ gZ‡K) wbe©vPb Ki‡Zb| Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bvÕ|329

16. AveyeKi gynv¤§v` web `vE` web Avjx Avh-hv‡nix (g„t 297 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, 7O7Z;� F�@J;DC�;� 78;� F� 7MF� c��;�7� ÔwZwb BRwZnv` Ki‡Zb Ges Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bvÕ|330 17. Ave~ QvIi Beivnxg web Lvwj` Avj-Kvjex Avj-evM`v`x Avj-dK¡xn (g„t 240 wnt) m¤ú‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, f�� ' ,�� j� � M� c�� ÔwZwb Bj‡g cvi`k©x n‡qwQ‡jb Ges Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` K‡ibwbÕ|331 18. kvqLyj Bmjvg nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn Avk-kvgx (g„t 728 wnt)-†K wRÁvmv Kiv n‡qwQj, ÔeyLvix, gymwjg, Ave~ vE`, wZiwghx, bvmvC, Beby gvRvn, Ave~ vE` AvZ-Z¡vqvwjmx, `v‡igx, evh&hvi, `vivKzrbx, evqnvK¡x, Beby Lyhvqgvn Ges Ave~ BqvÔjv Avj-g~wQjx Giv wK gyRZvwn` wQ‡jb? †Kvb GKRb Bgv‡gi ZvK¡jx` K‡ibwb? bvwK Zviv gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jbÕ? ZLb nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) Reve w`‡qwQ‡jb,

3*+,�� -. � �)!�E%7� HV@.;�F�N�� 6F�7�;� ;�F��;� @O;%;%@y7� n@� @5NM@?N�� C�@% @WCG7� N��@@�;J@DC .E%7�;� e'@ C"F% HV@K@%C�D��;� Hn@A;"E��;� F�C��;� 5; ;% F�C��;� 7�;)C�;<FL 6F�7�;� 07 C,;�

328. IdvqvZzj AvÔqvb 4/191, Rxebx µwgK bs 570| 329. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 15/545; ZvixLyj Bmjvg 25/435| 330. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 13/109| 331. Avj-Bevi wd Lvevwi gvb Mvevi 1/339|



111 111

F.�E<;�N��;� C'FGF6CT;�;� C'FJ7� 07 ;� @r;GNK;% @WCG7� @��@�;TN��. �6F"C(7� ;��@� 7MF% p�@��;6@� @5@C(;,@� ;�@% @};)7 F,N�� 7�;� C'FG ;�@% @�E)@A7\N�� ;��@�@J;DC�F)N�� 07 ;� @�7 NB@yN��h

ÔhveZxq cÖksmv Avj−vn&i Rb¨, whwb RMZmg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK| AZtci eyLvix I Avey vE` wdK¡‡ni Bgvg I gyRZvwn` (gyZ¡jvK¡) wQ‡jb| c¶vš—‡i gymwjg, wZiwghx, bvmvC, Beby gvRvn, Beby Lyhvqgvn, Avey BqvÔjv, evhhvi cÖgyL Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| Zviv †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv| Avi Zviv gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡I wQ‡jb bvÕ|332

GB ZvnK¡xK¡ I mv¶¨ †_‡K PviwU welq cÖZxqgvb nq-

1. nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn&i wbK‡U Bgvg eyLvix I Ave~ vE` gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡ wQ‡jb| GRb¨ Zv‡ì‡K nvbvdx, kv‡dC, nv¤jx ev gv‡jKx AvL¨v †`qv fyj|

2. Bgvg gymwjg, wZiwghx I bvmvC cÖgyL mevB Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb Ges Kv‡iv gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv| myZivs Zuv‡ì‡K Z¡vevK¡v‡Z kv‡dCqvn cÖf„wZ Z¡vevK¡v‡Zi MÖš’mg~‡n D‡j−L Kiv fyj|

3. gynvwÏQx‡b †Kiv‡gi ga¨ †_‡K †KDB gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv|

4. gyRZvwn`M‡Yi `yÕwU ¯—i i‡q‡Q| 1. gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡333 Ges 2. gyRZvwn` ÔAvg|334

kvqLyj Bmjvg Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqvn (int)-Gi D³ Zvrch©c~Y© Dw³ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Bgvg gynv¤§v` web BmgvCj Avj-eyLvix (g„t 256 wnt) gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv| eis gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡ wQ‡jb|

332. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 20/39-40| 333. gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡ wZwb whwb BRwZnv‡ì mKj kZ© c~iY K‡i‡Qb Ges kixÔAv‡Zi

cÖwZwU wel‡qB drIqv cÖ vb Kivi †hvM¨Zv iv‡Lb I drIqv cÖ vb K‡ib|- Abyev`K| 334. whwb mKj wdK¡nx gvmv‡qj m¤ú‡K© Mfxi Ávb iv‡Lb Zv‡K gyRZvwn` ÔAvg ejv nq|-

Abyev`K|



nv‡dh hvnvex Bgvg eyLvix m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, OZ� %%P u�� #�. � 5M?�� !�� JD� �% �� j,�� % �� f.6�� 5�\D��h ÔwZwb

Bgvg, nv‡dh, û¾vZ, wdK¡n I nv`x‡Qi †bZv, gyRZvwn` Ges Øxb`vix, ci‡nhMvwiZv I Avj−vnfxi“Zvi mv‡_ mv‡_ ywbqvi Abb¨ mvaviY e¨w³‡ì Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jbÕ|335 G ai‡bi AmsL¨ mv‡¶ï mg_©‡b Avih nÕj †h, Ôdvqhyj evixÕi f~wgKv †jLK †Muvov †Ìe›`x e‡j‡Qb, 5(� r�.8 �JD� t.�� O� ' �� Ô†R‡b bvI †h, wbðqB eyLvix GKRb gyRZvwn`| G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bBÕ|336

mvjxgyj−vn Lvb †Ìe›`x (gynZvwgg, Rv‡gÔAv dviƒwK¡qv †Ìew›`qv, KivPx) e‡j‡Qb, ÔeyLvix nÕ‡jb gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡Õ|337

gyRZvwn` m¤ú‡K© G g~jbxwZ i‡q‡Q †h, gyRZvwn` ZvK¡jx` K‡ib bv| beex e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kbbv wbtm‡›`‡n gyRZvwn` gyRZvwn‡ì ZvK¡jx` K‡ib bvÕ|338

19. Bgvg Aveyj ûmvBb gymwjg Bebyj nv¾vR Avb-wbkvcyix Avj-Kzkvqix (g„t 261 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡j‡Qb, wZwb Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (18 bs Dw³ `ªt)| Bgvg gymwjg e‡j‡Qb, C�7] ;C�;�;� C�@%

@r;GNK;% @��@�;TN�� @5@ CG7�;� ÔAvgiv nv`xQ Ges Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gvhnve-Gi e¨vL¨v K‡iwQÕ|339

mZKx©KiY : Bgvg gymwj‡gi gyK¡vwj− nIqv †Kvb GKRb wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg †_‡KI my úóiƒ‡c cÖgvwYZ †bB| 335. Avj-Kvwkd dx gvÔwidvwZ gvb jvû wiIqvZzb wdj KzZzwem wmËvn, 3/18, µwgK bs

4790| 336. gyK¡vÏvgv dvqhyj evix 1/58| 337. ZvK¡ixh ev gyK¡vÏvgv dvhjyj evix 1/36| 338. beex, kin Qnxn gymwjg 1/210, nv/21-Gi Aax‡b; 5bs Dw³ `ªt| 339. gyK¡vÏvgv Qnxn gymwjg c„t 6|



113 113

20. Bgvg AveyeKi gynv¤§v` web BmnvK¡ Beby Lyhvqgvn Avb-wbkvcyix (g„t 311 wnt) m¤ú‡K© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡j‡Qb, wZwb Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| wbw`©ó †Kvb Bgv‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bvÕ|340

Avãyj Iqvn&nve web Avjx web Avãyj Kvdx Avm-myeKx (g„t 771 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, l ]: O��)¶� �;,;�C.7\N�� E);TF% �� /� ��);TF%;� �� ` �C��;�

�;)C�;<FL �C��;� .KCF)N�� % ;�;TCU7� �];� �6F� � �; ;.;� �;J@DC @�� _ �F)N��3 j;� 'J`�¦ �@�7[ �;� '®67Z �% -;TCU7� 0,�� *`��+� 0 � 5�6FU9�

*�GK)D+� 5�GK¸ ��6� 'G�JD`� R�;J@DC �3 W� �] 0�� % ;6FG �,� �% ;�;TCU7� À �� ·(��Z Á7� 0 � Rz7�;� '®7� _��;� C'J�N�;. t�. 1;%@�� '7uC�7\N��

R6,�D� �6�"�� @5C(7�@P 7� '®7� O�� M%... ÔAvwg e‡jwQ, Pvi gynv¤§v`- gynv¤§v` web bvQi, gynv¤§v` web Rvixi, Beby Lyhvqgvn I Beybj gybwhi Avgv‡ì mv_x‡ì g‡a¨ wQ‡jb| Zuviv gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jv‡K¡i ¯—‡i †cŠu‡Q wM‡qwQ‡jb| Avi G welqwU Zv‡ì‡K kv‡dCi mv_x‡ì †_‡K †ei K‡i †`qwb| Zviv Bgvg kv‡dCi DQ~j (g~jbxwZ) Abyhvqx ZvLixRKvix Ges Zvi gvhnve‡K cm›`Kvix| †Kbbv Zv‡ì BRwZnv` Zuvi (Bgvg kv‡dC) BRwZnv‡ì AbyK~‡j wQj| eis Zv‡ì c‡i Avgv‡ì GKwbô mv_xe„›` †hgb- Ave~ Avjx I Abïv `vex K‡i‡Qb †h, Zv‡ì ivq Bgv‡g Avh‡gi (Bgvg kv‡dC) iv‡qi mv‡_ wg‡j wM‡qwQj| ZvB Zviv Zvi AbymiY K‡i‡Qb Ges Zvi w`‡K m¤úwK©Z n‡q‡Qb| GRb¨ bq †h, Zviv gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jbÕ|341

*�GK)D+� 5�GK¸ (Zvi gvhnve MÖnYKvixMY) K_vUzKy †Zv myeKx wb‡Ri MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv evov‡bvi Rb¨ e‡j‡Qb| Z‡e Zuvi ¯xKv‡ivw³ †_‡K

340. 18 bs Dw³ `ªt; ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ 2/563| 341. Z¡vevK¡vZyk kv‡dCqv Avj-Kzeiv 2/78, Bebyj gybwhi-Gi Rxebx `ªt|



my úófv‡e cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Zvi wbK‡U gynv¤§v` web bvQi Avj-gviIqvhx, gynv¤§v` web Rvixi Z¡vevix, gynv¤§v` web BmnvK¡ web Lyhvqgvn, gynv¤§v` web Beivnxg Bebyj gybwhi I Ave~ Avjx mK‡jB Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− (Ges Avn‡jnv`xQ) wQ‡jb|

dv‡q`v : †hfv‡e nvbvdx Av‡jgMY wb‡R‡ì MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv evov‡bvi Rb¨ A_ev KwZcq Av‡jg Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv‡K ÔBgv‡g AvhgÕ e‡jb, †mfv‡e kv‡dC Av‡jgMYI Bgvg kv‡dC‡K ÔBgv‡g AvhgÕ e‡j _v‡Kb| †hgb-

ZvRyÏxb Avãyj Iqvn&nve web ZvwKDÏxb Avm-myeKx e‡j‡Qb, �E);TF% �C� n@,@�E�� %%P3 1;%@�� '7uC�7\N�� k �+� n@�7� �C�;� 5S �� E);TF% �C� d�@.C�@P Ôgynv¤§v`

web kv‡dC nÕ‡jb Avgv‡ì Bgvg| wZwb Bgv‡g Avhg (eo Bgvg) Ave~ Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` web Bìxm Avj-gyË¡vwjexÕ|342

Avngv` web gynv¤§v` web mvjvgvn Avj-K¡vjq~ex (g„t 1069 wnt)

e‡j‡Qb, 5�6])0,�� :('u�4� 1%�� 6G ÔZvi e³e¨ (Avk-kv‡dC) :

wZwbB nÕ‡jb Avj-Bgvgyj AvÔhg (gnvb Bgvg)Õ|343

K¡vmZ¡vjvbx (kv‡dC) Bgvg gv‡jK‡K ÔBgv‡g AvÔhgÕ )'u�4� 1%��(

e‡j‡Qb|344

K¡vmZ¡vjvbx Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj-Bgvgyj

AvÔhgÕ )'u�4� 1%��( |345

nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (int) gymjgvb‡ì Ljxdv‡K (Bgvg)

Bgv‡g AvÔhg )'u�4� 1%��( e‡j‡Qb|346

342. H, 1/225; Ab¨ ms¯‹iY, 1/303| 343. nvwkqvZzj K¡vjq~ex Avjv kviwn RvjvjyÏxb gnj−x Avjv wgbnvwRZ Z¡vwjexb 1/10| 344. Bikv ym mvix wjki‡n Qnxwnj eyLvix 5/307, nv/3300, 10/107, nv/6962| 345. Bikv ym mvix 5/35, nv/5105| 346. dvrûj evix 3/112, nv/7138|



115 115

G¶‡Y GB gyK¡vwj− iv dvqQvjv Ki“K †h, Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ cÖK…Z Bgv‡g AvÔhg †K?

Ave~ BmnvK¡ Avk-kxivhx KwZcq e¨w³ m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, E/��;�F�(@T V@KS�� ;r;G7[ @5C(7�P 7O69M M;TF)N�� ;% ;r;G7[ @5C(7�P ;F�;TCU7� ;6FG;� C'FJE�7� ��F.;U 07�P @r;GNK;%

n@,@�E�� 7� ��(@ NM;= F57�3 NW;� E)7� ��F�; ;� F57]F�9B n@� @�;J@DC @�� @a;(@MN��;� E�;#7� @�F�s�� ÔAvi Qnxn †mUvB †hw`‡K gynvw°KMY wM‡q‡Qb Ges †hw`‡K Avgv‡ì mv_xMY wM‡q‡Qb| Avi †mUv nÕj Zviv ZvK¡jx` Kivi Rb¨ kv‡dC gvhnv‡ei cÖe³v nbwb; eis BRwZnv` I wK¡qv‡m Zuvi (Bgvg kv‡dC) c×wZ‡K me‡P‡q mwVK †c‡qwQ‡jb ZvBÕ|347

Gici beex e‡j‡Qb,

;�7Z7[;� 6F�7� Ân@ ;� Hn@�C"�� @�C"7Q@� "��@* @�7 ;)CJF)N�� ;6CT;� �7K;G 7:7M7� ;C,;�E=� En@,@�E�� 7O�F� @R@�C(7� E�7\@� ;�C�; ;� F57�C67] ;�; C.7� @:�;6N]7\N�� ;J7�;�C�7�;� 7� E�7� FR;�C�S 7]h

ÔAve~ Avjx Avm-wmbRx (mxb e‡Y© †hi) GgbwUB D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, Avgiv Ab¨‡ì ev` w`‡q Bgvg kv‡dCi AbymiY K‡iwQ| KviY Avgiv Zuvi gZvgZ‡K me‡P‡q AMÖMY¨ I mwVK †c‡qwQ| GRb¨ bq †h, Avgiv Zuvi ZvK¡jx` K‡iwQÕ|348

cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, Av‡jg‡ì bv‡gi mv‡_ kv‡dC, nvbvdx gv‡jKx cÖf„wZ jKe _vKvi D‡Ïk¨ Av‡`Š GUv bq †h, Zuviv gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb| eis mwVK GUvB †h, Zuviv gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv| eis Zv‡ì BRwZnv` D‡j−wLZ wbmeZK…Z Bgv‡gi BRwZnv‡ì mv‡_ wg‡j wM‡qwQj|

21. Rgn~i weØv‡bi wbK‡U wbf©i‡hvM¨ K¡vhx AveyeKi gynv¤§v` web Igi web BmgvCj `vE`x (g„t 429 wnt) Be‡b kvnxb evM`v`x bv‡g cwiwPZ Ave~ nvdQ Igi web Avngv` web IQgvb (g„t 385 wnt) m¤c‡K© 347. Avj-gvRg~Ô kviûj gynvhhve 1/43| 348. H|



e‡j‡Qb, OZ� I�� 8 q�,� �% 5M?�� ( ] 8� 3�zbZ OZ� �[P �Z[ 5� rG�K% }JM?�� n,��Z 3Rz�� 9:69M;� :�� V�)´ 3rGK+� ÔwZwbI

(ZvK¡jx`x) wdK¡n wel‡q Kg ev †ekx wKQzB Rvb‡Zb bv (A_©vr wZwb D³ ZvK¡jx`x wdK¡n‡K †Kvb ¸i“Z¡B w`‡Zb bv)| hLb Zvi mvg‡b dK¡xn‡ì gvhnve †hgb kv‡dC BZ¨vw` D‡j−L Kiv nÕZ ZLb wZwb ej‡Zb, ÔAvwg gynv¤§v`x gvhnv‡eiÕ|349

22. nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) mybv‡b Ave~ vE‡ì iPwqZv Bgvg Ave~ vE` wmwR —vbx myjvqgvb web AvkÔAvQ (g„t 275 wnt)-†K gyK¡vwj− ‡ì `j †_‡K †ei K‡i gyRZvwn` gyZ¡jvK¡ AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb (18bs Dw³ `ªt)|

23. mybv‡b wZiwghxi iPwqZv Bgvg Ave~ Cmv gynv¤§v` web Cmv web mvIivn AvZ-wZiwghx (g„t 279 wnt) m¤ú‡K© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡j‡Qb, wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb Ges †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (18bs Dw³ `ªt )|

24. mybv‡b bvmvCi †jLK Bgvg Avngv` web ïÔAvBe Avb-bvmvC (g„t 303 wnt) m¤ú‡K© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡j‡Qb, wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb Ges †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (18bs Dw³ `ªt)|

25. mybv‡b Be‡b gvRvni †jLK Bgvg gynv¤§v` web Bqvhx` web gvRvn Avj-K¡vhexbx (g„t 273 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡j‡Qb, wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb Ges †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (18bs Dw³ `ªt)|

26. Bgvg Ave~ BqvÔjv Avngv` web Avjx Bebyj gyQvbœv Avj-g~wQjx (g„t 307 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡j‡Qb, wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| wbw`©ó †Kvb Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (18 bs Dw³ `ªt)| 349. ZvixLy evM`v` 11/267, ivex µwgK bs 6028, mb` Qnxn|



117 117

27. AveyeKi Avngv` web Avgi web Avãyj Lv‡jK Avj-evhhvi Avj-evQix (mZëv`x I nvmvbyj nv`xQ) (g„t 292 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡j‡Qb, wZwb Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| wbw`©ó †Kvb Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (18 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

28. nv‡dh Avey gynv¤§v` Avjx web Avngv` web mvC` web nvhg Avj-Av›`vjymx Avj-KyiZyex (g„t 456 wnt) ZvK¡jx` m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, �( MD��

1�� ... 5( � .�M� VK�� 5u� �� WZ 0 �� }�6# ��[ � j,�� n%,��JD`8� �%h ÔZvK¡jx` nvivg...| G e¨vcv‡i mvaviY gvbyl I Av‡jg

mgvb| Avi cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Dc‡i ¯xq mvg_© Abyhvqx BRwZnv` hiƒixÕ|350

nv‡dh Beby nvhg ¯xq AvK¡x`v msµvš— MÖ‡š’ e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb e¨w³i Rb¨ ZvK¡jx` Kiv êa bq| PvB RxweZ e¨w³i ZvK¡jx` †nvK A_ev g„Z e¨w³iÕ|351

nv‡dh Beby nvhg †`vÔAv Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡j‡Qb, �� % )/,� O��2�6)¶� �Y�b�� O��M�� ,� µ�¶� �( MD�� .3*%� ÔAvj−vn †hb Avgv‡ì‡K

cÖkswmZ Z…Zxq kZ‡Ki c‡i m„ó ZvK¡jx‡ì (A_©vr Pvi gvhnv‡ei we`ÔAvZ) we`ÔAvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡ib|-AvgxbÕ|352

29. nv‡dh Beby Avwãj evi© Av›`vjymx (g„t 463 wnt) ¯xq weL¨vZ MÖ‡š’ Aby‡”Q` †eu‡a‡Qb- -� �"� �( MD�� 5(?�� ?�� *� �( MD�� f�=8�� ÔZvK¡jx‡ì AcKvwiZv I Zvi bvKP nIqv Ges ZvK¡jx` I BwËevi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨Õ Aby‡”Q`|353

350. Avb-byehvZzj Kvwdqv dx AvnKvwg DQ~wj` Øxb, c„t 70-71; Dciš‘ †`Lyb : Beby

nvhg, Avj-BnKvg I Avj-gynvj−v dx kviwnj gyRvj−vn wej-ûRvwR Iqvj-AvQvi| 351. wKZvey `yi©vn dxgv BqvwRey BÔwZK¡v`yû, c„t 4267; Dciš‘ †`Lyb : Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv

gvmAvjvn, c„t 39| 352. Avi-wimvjvZzj evwnivn 1/5| 353. Rv‡gÔD evqvwbj Bjwg Iqv dvhwjwn 2/218|



nv‡dh Beby Avwãj evi©-Gi gyK¡vwj− nIqv AKvU¨fv‡e cÖgvwYZ bq| eis nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, 5�y� �Ã Ä � ��=. 4��)A ��JD¿� ÔwbðqB wZwb Zv‡`i Aš—f©y³, hviv gyRZvwn` BgvgM‡Yi ¯—‡i †cŠu‡Q wM‡qwQ‡jbÕ|354

Avi GUv mvaviY gvbylI Rv‡b †h, gyRZvwn` KL‡bv gyK¡vwj− nb bv (5 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

nv‡dh Beby Avwãj evi© Av›`vjymx (int) ¯qs e‡j‡Qb, 8 �� *� � M% �)(¢� ÔgyK¡vwj− I PZz®ú` Rš‘i g‡a¨ †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bBÕ|355 mZKx©KiY : nv‡dh Beby Avwãj evi©, LZ¡xe evM`v`x cÖgyL KwZcq Bevi‡Z mvaviY gvby‡li Rb¨ (RxweZ) Av‡j‡gi ZvK¡jx` Kiv‡K Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb| hvi D‡Ïk¨ †mªd GUv †h, g~L© e¨w³ Av‡j‡gi KvQ †_‡K gvmAvjv wRÁvmv K‡i Zvi Dc‡i Avgj Ki‡e| AvgivI GUv ewj †h, g~L© e¨w³i Dc‡i GUv hiƒix †h, †m KziAvb I mybœvn&i Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Av‡j‡gi wbKU †_‡K gvmAvjv wRÁvmv K‡i Zvi Dc‡i Avgj Ki‡e| wKš‘ GUv‡K ZvK¡jx` ejv fyj| DQ~‡j wdK¡‡ni cÖwm× gvmAvjv i‡q‡Q †h, mvaviY gvby‡li gydZxi (Av‡jg) w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Kiv ZvK¡jx` bq|356

30. Avgxi“j gywgbxb Ljxdv Avey BDmyd BÔqvK~e web BDmyd web Avãyj gywgb web Avjx Avj-K¡vqmx Avj-K~gx Avj-gvi©vKykx Avh-hv‡nix Avj-gvM‡iex (g„t 595 wnt) ¯xq mvgªv‡R¨ kixÔAv‡Zi wewa-weavb ev¯—evqb K‡ib, wRnv‡`i SvÊv eyj›` K‡ib, b¨vqcivqYZvi mv‡_ `Êwewa ev¯—evqb K‡ib Ges b¨v‡qi gvb`Ê Kv‡qg K‡ib|

Zuvi m¤c‡K© HwZnvwmK Beby Lvwj−Kvb wj‡L‡Qb, ÔwZwb GKRb `vbkxj ev`kvn Ges cweÎ kixÔAvZ‡K aviYKvix wQ‡jb| wZwb wbf©‡q I c¶cvZnxbfv‡e mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k Ki‡Zb Ges Amr KvR †_‡K wb‡la 354. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 18/157| 355. Rv‡gÔD evqvwbj Bjg Iqv dvhwjwn 2/229| 356. †`Lyb : gymvj−vgyQ Qze~Z c„t 289; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 8-11|



119 119

Ki‡Zb, †hgbwU DwPr| wZwb †jvK‡ì‡K cvuP Iqv³ QvjvZ cov‡Zb Ges ck‡gi †cvlvK cwiavb Ki‡Zb| bvix I `ye©‡ji cv‡k ùvov‡Zb Ges Zv‡ì nK Av`vq K‡i w`‡Zb| wZwb AwQqZ K‡ib, Zv‡K †hb iv¯—vi gv‡S A_©vr wbK‡U `vdb Kiv nq| hv‡Z Zvi cvk w`‡q AwZµgKvixiv Zvi Rb¨ ing‡Zi †`vÔAv K‡iÕ|357

GB gyRvwn` I Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Ljxdv (int) m¤c‡K© Beby Lvwj−Kvb Av‡iv wj‡L‡Qb, �%�� g�� f�� 35M?�� O�� }) ,�� 8 O6D?� 8P -DQ��

<�<,�� "�� 3��6�� 8� O�� M� c�� % �)A4� ��JD¿� 3*%�MD+� W� O6Q= 'J%Q�� ¸ V�$� 5(�P 'G�JD`� �% 'JB�D#� �IM�� % -DQ��

��!�� f¡�� a(M��h ÔwZwb wdK¡‡ni kvLv-cÖkvLvMZ welq¸wj

(gv‡jKx wdK¡‡ni MÖš’mg~n) cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z Ges Av‡jgMY‡K †Kej KziAvb I nv`xQ Øviv drIqv †Ìqvi Av‡`k †`b| Avi Zviv †hb c~e©eZ©x gyRZvwn` Bgvg‡ì ga¨ †_‡K Kvi“ ZvK¡jx` bv K‡ib| eis KziAvb, nv`xQ, BRgv I wKqvm Øviv Bw¯—gev‡Zi gva¨‡g BRwZnv` Øviv †hb Zv‡ì dvqQvjv nqÕ|358

wVK GUvB nÕj Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì (Avn‡j mybœvZ) gvbnvR (c×wZ), gvmjvK (c_) I `vIqvZ| Avj-nvg`ywj−vn|

Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì‡K wg_¨v Acev` w`‡q Bs‡iR Avg‡ji m„ó AvL¨vwqZKvixiv GKUz †PvL Ly‡j 6ô wnRixi GB Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− Ljxdvi Rxebx co–K| hv‡Z Zv‡ì bh‡i wKQz Av‡m|

GB gyRvwn` Ljxdv m¤c‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex wj‡L‡Qb †h, wZwb gyK¡vwj− m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔKziAvb I mybv‡b Avey vE‡ì Dc‡i Avgj Ki| bZzev GB Z‡jvqvi cÖ ‘Z i‡q‡QÕ|359 357. IqvdvqvZzj AvÔqvb 7/10| 358. H, 7/11| 359. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 21/314, ms‡¶cvwqZ|



nv‡dh hvnvex Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, 'u�� l(U ��,�� *!/�� 35�%� ��KZ� WG� 3��!� l,?=.�� 'JD�Å% R�� OQ� '�\"� }�� .��M��

� 5%�� ' � �?��3f� qL� 5% 3}JM?�� %�� y� rDZ rGK+� �,� O� �� % J(� �% 3��!� ��\� J% � ¡ � �A# 3R�� E��+Z3�� -DZ� �� 3d�6� .��6�� Æ� 3�� r�KJD�� 3n��¨ � �Tª�6�� 8 r(��h

ÔZuvi Avg‡j Bev`Z¸hvi I mr †jvK‡ì myL¨vwZ e„w× †c‡qwQj| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì gh©v`vI e„w× †c‡qwQj| wZwb Zv‡ì (Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì) wbKU †`vÔAv PvB‡Zb| Zuvi kvmbvg‡j cÖkvLvMZ Bj‡gi Aemvb n‡qwQj (A_©vr ZvK¡xjx`x wdK¡n †kl n‡q wM‡qwQj)| (gyK¡vwj− ) dK¡xnMY Zv‡K fq †c‡Zb| wZwb nv`xQmg~n‡K Avjv`v Kivi c‡i gvhnvex MÖš’mg~n cywo‡q †djvi wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡jb| AZtci mgMÖ †`‡k A‡bK gvhnvex MÖš’ R¡vwj‡q-cywo‡q †`qv n‡qwQj| †hgb-Avj-gy vDIqvbvn, wKZvey Be‡b BDbym, Beby Avex hv‡q‡ì Avb-bvIqvwì, evivw`Ci AvZ-Zvnhxe I Beby nvex‡ei Avj-IqvwhnvnÕ|

:] n(´ �� 6�� n � ��+�n�Z � -DZ r�,+� 5� :�M�� lZ 3a?� X�J�� 0=$� :�4� J% �ª6D� _ �� J(� .��. ÔgywnDÏxb

Avãyj Iqvwn` web Avjx Avj-gvi©vKykx Zvi ÔAvj-gyÔRveÕ MÖ‡š’ e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvwg dvm (bMix‡Z) wQjvg| Avwg †`‡LwQ †h, (wdK¡nx) †KZvemg~‡ni †evSv G‡b ivLv nÕZ Ges †m¸wj‡Z Av¸b jvwM‡q †`qv nÕZÕ|360

†n Avj−vn! GB gyRvwn` Ljxdv I Avgxi“j gywgbxb‡K Rvbœv‡Z D”Pgh©v`v bQxe Ki“b Ges Avgv‡ì †MvbvnLvZv gvd K‡i ¯xq `qv I AbyMÖ‡n Giƒc Qnxn AvK¡v`xm¤úbœ gyRvwn` I gywgb‡ì mvnPh© `vb Ki“b-Avgxb!

31. RvjvjyÏxb myq~Z¡x (g„t 911 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAZtci Zv‡ì c‡i Ggb e¨w³iv AvMgb K‡iwQ‡jb, hviv Zv‡ì †n`vqvZ‡K AuvK‡o a‡i‡Qb I 360. hvnvex, ZvixLyj Bmjvg 42/216|



121 121

Zv‡ì c‡_ P‡j‡Qb| †hgb- Bqvn&Bqv web mvC` Avj-K¡vË¡vb, Avãyi ingvb web gvn`x, weki Bebyj gydvh&hvj, Lv‡j` Bebyj nvwiQ, Avãyi ivh&hvK, IqvKxÔ, Bqvn&Bqv web Av`g, ûgv‡q` web Avãyi ingvb Avi-ivIqvmx, Iqvjx` web gymwjg, ûgvq`x, kv‡dC, Bebyj gyeviK, nvdQ web wMqvQ, Bqvn&Bqv web hvKvwiqv web Avey hv‡q`vn, Avey vE` Z¡vqvwjmx, Aveyj Iqvjx` Z¡vqvwjmx, gynv¤§v` web Avey ÔAv`x, gynv¤§v` web RvÔdi, Bqvn&Bqv web Bqvn&Bqv wbkvcyix, Bqvhx` web hyivÔB, BmgvCj web ÔDjvBqvn, Avãyj IqvwiQ web mvC` Ges Zvi cyÎ AvãyQ Qvgv`, Iqvnve web Rvixi, Avhnvi web mvÔ`, ÔAvddvb web gymwjg, weki web Igi, Ave~ AvwQg Avb-bvexj, gyÔZvwgi web myjvqgvb, bvhi web ïgvBj, gymwjg web Beivnxg, nv¾vR web wgbnvj, Avey ÔAv‡gi Avj-AvK¡v`x, Avãyj Iqvn&nve AvQ-QvK¡vdx, wdiBqvex, Iqvnve web Lvwj`, Avãyj−vn web bygv‡qi I Ab¨vb¨MY| Gu‡ì †KDB Zuv‡ì c~‡e©i †Kvb Bgv‡gi ZvK¡jx` K‡ibwbÕ )5 �] OZ %%P � ] �� }8$G �% %( |361

Rvbv †Mj †h, Bgvg Avngv`, Bgvg Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx, Bgvg Bqvn&Bqv web gvCb cÖgy‡Li wk¶K, wbf©i‡hvM¨, gyZwK¡b, nv‡dh, Av`k©evb Bgvg Avey mvÔC` Bqvn&Bqv web mvÔC` web dvi©ƒL Avj-K¡vË¡vb Avj-evQix (g„t 198 wnt) gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv|

dv‡q`v : Bqvn&Bqv web mvC` Avj-K¡vË¡vb Zv‡eC myjvqgvb web Z¡viLvb AvZ-Zvqgx (int) m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔwZwb Avgv‡ì wbK‡U Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Aš—f©y³Õ|362

32. wQK¡vn, QveZ, nv‡dh, wiRvj I nv`x‡Qi Mfxi Ávbm¤cbœ Bgvg Avey mvC` Avãyi ingvb web gvn`x Avj-evQix (g„t 198 wnt) myq~Z¡xi fvl¨ Abyhvqx gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)| 361. myq~Z¡x, Avi-ivÏy Avjv gvb DLwj`v Bjvj Avih Iqv Rvwnjv Avbœvj BRwZnv`v dx Kzwj−

ÔAvQwib dvih c„t 136-137| 362. †`Lyb : gymbv‡` Avjx Bebyj RvÔ` nv/1354, mb` Qnxn; Avj-Rviû IqvZ-ZvÔ`xj

4/125, mb` Qnxn; Avgvi MÖš’ : Bjgx gvK¡vjvZ 1/162|



33. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Av‡e`, Bgvg Avey BmgvCj weki Bebyj gydvh&hvj web jvwnK¡ Avi-ivK¡vkx Avj-evQix (g„t 186 A_ev 187 wnt) myq~Z¡xi e³e¨ g‡Z gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

34. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Avey IQgvb Lv‡j` Bebyj nvwiQ web Iev‡q` web gymwjg Avj-ûRvqgx Avj-evQix (g„t 186 wnt) myq~Z¡xi K_v g‡Z gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

35. Rgn~i weØvbM‡Yi wbKU wbf©i‡hvM¨, mZ¨ev`x Bgvg Avãyi ivh&hvK web ûgvg AvQ-QvbÔAvbx Avj-Bqvgvbx (g„t 211 wnt) myq~Z¡xi e³e¨ Abyhvqx ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

36. wbf©i‡hvM¨, nv‡dh, Av‡e`, Bgvg Avey mywdqvb IqvKxÔ Bebyj Rvi&ivn web gyjvBn Avi-ivIqvmx Avj-K~dx (g„t 197 wnt) myq~Z¡xi fvl¨g‡Z ZvK¡jx`Kvix wQ‡jb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

37. wek¦ —, nv‡dh, dv‡hj, Avey hvKvwiqv Bqvn&Bqv web Av`g web myjvqgvb Avj-K~dx (g„t 203 wnt) m¤c‡K© myq~Z¡x e‡j‡Qb †h, wZwb Zuvi c~‡e©i †Kvb GKRb Bgv‡giI ZvK¡jx` K‡ibwb (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

38. wQK¡vn Bgvg Avey AvId ûgv‡q` web Avãyi ingvb web ûgv‡q` Avi-ivIqvmx Avj-K~dx (g„t 189 wnt) myq~Z¡xi K_vbymv‡i ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

39. wQK¡vn, mZ¨ev`x, gy vwj−m, Bgvg Aveyj AveŸvm Iqvjx` web gymwjg Avj-Kzivkx Av`-w`gvkK¡x (g„t 194 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

40. Bgvg eyLvixi wk¶K wQK¡vn, nv‡dh, dK¡xn, Bgvg AveyeKi Avãyj−vn web hyev‡qi web Cmv Avj-ûgvq`x Avj-gv°x (g„t 219 wnt) myq~Z¡xi K_vbymv‡i ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

41. wQK¡vn, QveZ, dK¡xn, Av‡jg, `vbkxj, gyRvwn`, Bgvg Avãyj−vn Bebyj gyeviK Avj-gviIqvhx (g„t 181 wnt) myq~Z¡xi K_vbycv‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|



123 123

42. wQK¡vn, mZ¨ev`x, dK¡xn Avey Igi nvdQ web wMqvQ web Z¡vjK¡ web gyÔAvweqv Avj-K~dx Avj-K¡vhx (g„t 195 wnt) myq~Z¡xi e³e¨vbycv‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

mZKx©KiY : nvdQ web wMqvQ (int) e‡j‡Qb, lZ d `� P Æ� �?(� 5,�\� :\"� �� \"% � 16(�� 6�� ¯?(� J(� �")Ç W��]�3 ) � l��.

��[ 5DZ�= ��l �] 0 � ��!� ÔAvwg Avey nvbxdvi Kv‡Q emZvg| GKwU

gvmAvjv m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv nÕ‡j †m wel‡q Zuv‡K GK w`‡b cuvP iKg drIqv w`‡Z ïbjvg| hLb Avwg GUv †`Ljvg, ZLb Zv‡K Z¨vM Kijvg Ges nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ g‡bvwb‡ek KijvgÕ|363 Beivnxg web mvC` Avj-RvInvix (int) †_‡K GB eY©bvi ivex AveyeKi Avngv` web RvÔdi web gynv¤§v` web mvjg wQK¡vn ev wbf©i‡hvM¨ wQ‡jb|364

Avãyj−vn web Avngv` web nv¤j365 Ges Avngv` web Bqvn&Bqv web IQgvb366 Df‡qB Zvi gyZvevÔAvZ K‡i‡Qb| A_©vr Zuviv D³ †iIqvqvZ‡K Bgvg Beivnxg web mvC` Avj-RvInvix (int) †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Bgvg nvdQ web wMqvQ Avj-K~dx Avn‡j ivq-Gi gvhnve †Q‡o Avn‡jnv`xQ‡`i gvhnve‡K MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb| Avj−vn Zuvi Dc‡i ing Ki“b!

43. wQK¡vn, gyZwK¡b, Bgvg Avey mvC` Bqvn&Bqv web hvKvwiqv web Avex hv‡q`vn Avj-nvgv`vbx Avj-K~dx (g„t 184 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

363. ZvixLy evM`v` 13/425, mb` Qnxn| 364. †`Lyb : AvZ-ZvbKxj wegv dx ZvÕbxwej KvIQvix wgbvj AvevZ¡xj 1/103, µwgK bs

13| 365. Avm-mybœvn nv/316| 366. wKZveyj gvÔwidvn IqvZ-ZvixL 2/789|



44. wQK¡vn I mZëv`x, nv‡dh Avey vE` myjvqgvb web `vE` Bebyj Rviƒ` AvZ-Z¡vqvwjmx Avj-evQix (g„t 204 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

45. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Aveyj Iqvjx` wnkvg web Avãyj gvwjK Avj-evwnjx AvZ-Z¡vqvwjmx Avj-evQix (g„t 227 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

46. wQK¡vn Bgvg Avey ÔAvgi gynv¤§v` web Beivnxg web Avey ÔAv`x Avj-evQix (g„t 194 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

47. ¸b`vi bv‡g cwiwPZ wbf©i‡hvM¨ I mZëv`x, Rgn~i hv‡K wQK¡vn e‡j‡Qb, Bgvg gynv¤§v` web RvÔdi Avj-ûhvjx Avj-evQix (g„t 194 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

48. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Avey hvKvwiqv Bqvn&Bqv web Bqvn&Bqv web eKi web Avãyi ingvb AvZ-Zvgxgx Avb-wbkvcyix (g„t 226 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

49. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Avey gyÔAvweqv Bqvhx` web hyivBÔ Avj-evQix (g„t 182 wnt) myq~Z¡xi K_vbymv‡i gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

50. Beby DjvBqvn bv‡g cwiwPZ wQK¡vn, nv‡dh, Bgvg Avey weki BmgvCj web Beivnxg web wgK¡mvg Avj-Avmv`x Avj-evQix (g„t 193 wnt) myq~Z¡xi gZvbymv‡i Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

51. wQK¡vn, QveZ, mybœx, Bgvg Avey Ievq`v Avãyj IqvwiQ web mvC` web hvKIqvb Avj-Avgevix AvZ-Zvbœ~ix Avj-evQix (g„t 180 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv|

52. wQK¡vn, mZëv`x, Bgvg Avey mvnj AvãyQ Qvgv` web Avãyj IqvwiQ web mvC` Avj-evQix (g„t 207 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|



125 125

53. wQK¡vn, Bgvg Aveyj AveŸvm Iqvnve web Rvixi web nv‡hg web hv‡q` Avj-evQix Avj-Avh`x (g„t 206 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

54. wQK¡vn Bgvg AveyeKi Avhnvi web mvC` Avm-mv¤§vb Avj-ev‡njx Avj-evQix (g„t 203 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

55. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Avey IQgvb ÔAvddvb web gymwjg web Avãyj−vn Avj-ev‡njx AvQ-Qvd&dvi Avj-evQix (g„t 219 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv|

56. wQK¡vn, Bgvg Avey gynv¤§v` weki web Igi Bebyj nvKvg Avh-hvnivbx Avj-Avh`x Avj-evQix (g„t 209 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

57. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Avey ÔAv‡Qg hvnnvK web gvLjv` web hvn&nvK web gymwjg Avk-kvqevbx Avb-bvexj Avj-evQix (g„t 212 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

58. wQK¡vn, Bgvg Avey gynv¤§v` gyÔZvwgi web myjvqgvb web Z¡viLvb AvZ-Zvqgx Avj-evQix (g„t 187 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

59. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Aveyj nvmvb bvhi web ïgvBj Avj-gv‡hbx Avj-evQix Avb-bvnex (g„t 204 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

60. wQK¡vn, Bgvg Ave~ Avgi gymwjg web Beivnxg Avj-Avh`x Avj-dvivnx`x Avj-evQix (g„t 222 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

61. wQK¡vn, dv‡hj, Bgvg Avey gynv¤§v` nv¾vR web wgbnvj Avj-AvbgvZ¡x Avm-myjvgx Avj-evQix (g„t 217 wnt) myq~Z¡xi gZvbymv‡i ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|



62. wQK¡vn, Bgvg Avey Av‡gi Avãyj gv‡jK web Avgi Avj-K¡vqmx Avj-AvK¡v`x (g„t 205 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

63. wQK¡vn, mZëv`x, Bgvg Avey gynv¤§v` Avãyj Iqvn&nve web Avãyj gvRx` AvQ-QvK¡vdx Avj-evQix (g„t 194 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

64. wQK¡vn, mZëv`x, Bgvg gynv¤§v` web BDmyd web IqvwK¡ Avh-hveŸx Avj-wdiBqvex (g„t 212 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

Bgvg wdiBqvex wb‡Ri Ges wb‡Ri mv_x‡ì m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì GKUv RvgvÔAvZ wQjvgÕ|367

65. wQK¡vn, mZëv`x, Bgvg AveyeKi Inv‡qe web Lv‡j` web AvRjvb Avj-evwnjx Avj-evQix (g„t 165 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

mZKx©KiY : g~j Kwc‡Z Iqvnve web Lv‡j` wjwLZ Av‡Q| †hwU †jLK ev KwcKvixi fzj e‡j AbywgZ nq| Avi hw` GwU fzj bv nq Zvn‡j GB Z¡vevK¡v‡Z Avey Lv‡j` web Iqvnve web Lv‡j` Avj-ûgvqix Avj-wngQx wQK¡vn wQ‡jb|368

66. Avn‡j mybœv‡Zi wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg Avey wnkvg Avãyj−vn web bygv‡qi Avj-K~dx Avj-nvgv`vbx (g„t 199 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)| 67. RvjvjyÏxb Avãyi ingvb web AveyeKi myq~Z¡x (g„t 911 wnt) Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, ÔAZtci Zv‡ì c‡i AvMgb K‡iwQ‡jb Avngv` web nv¤j, BmnvK¡ web ivnIqvBn, Avey QvIi, Avey Iev‡q`, Avey LvqQvgvn, Avey AvBq~e Avj-nv‡kgx, Avey BmnvK¡ Avj-dvhvix, gvLjv` Bebyj ûmv‡qb, 367. Avj-Rviû IqvZ-ZvÔ`xj 1/60, mb` Qnxn; Bjgx gvK¡vjvZ 1/164| 368. †`Lyb : ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, ivex bs 7474|



127 127

gynv¤§v` web Bqvn&Bqv Avh-hynjx, Avey kvqevi cyÎØq AveyeKi I IQgvb, mvC` web gvbQ~i, KzZvqev, gymvÏv`, dvhj web `yKv‡qb, gynv¤§v` Bebyj gyQvbœv, eyb`vi, gynv¤§v` web Avãyj−vn web bygv‡qi, gynv¤§v` Bebyj ÔAvjv, nvmvb web gynv¤§v` Avh-hvÔdvivbx, myjvqgvb web nvie, ÔAv‡ig I Zv‡ì g‡Zv A‡bïv| �]� 3c�`. � ] �� 'J% d(�

��. 6 � 'G��.� 'J �] �% ��G�� 'J�� M� O� �% �,# ~ 'J"?��È M� 'J% Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †KDB †Kvb e¨w³i ZvK¡jx` Ki‡bwb| Zviv Zv‡ì c~‡e©i †jvK‡ì‡K †`‡LwQ‡jb Ges Zv‡ì mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡iwQ‡jb| hw` Zviv Zv‡ì Øx‡b Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Kiv Rv‡qh g‡b Ki‡Zb, Z‡e Zviv Zv‡ì (c~e©eZx©‡ì) ZvK¡jx` Ki‡ZbÕ|369 myq~Z¡xi GB my úó D×„wZ †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Beby ivnIqvBn bv‡g cwiwPZ wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg Avey gynv¤§v` BmnvK¡ web Beivnxg web gvLjv` Avj-nvbhvjx Avj-gviIqvhx (g„t 238 wnt) gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv| Zvi (Bgvg BmnvK¡ web ivnIqvBn) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx wj‡L‡Qb, �JD� ��] �� W�� ÔwZwb gyRZvwn`, Avngv` web nv¤‡ji mv_xÕ|370 68. wQK¡vn, dv‡hj, Bgvg Avey Iev‡q` Avj-K¡v‡mg web mvj−vg Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 224 wnt) myq~Z¡xi e³e¨vbycv‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)| 69. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Avey LvqQvgvn hynv‡qi web nvie web kvÏv` Avb-bvmvC Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 234 wnt) myq~Z¡xi e³e¨ Abyhvqx Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (31 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

70. wQK¡vn, Rjxjyj Kì Bgvg Avey AvBq~e myjvqgvb web `vE` web `vE` web Avjx Avj-nv‡kgx Avj-dK¡xn Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 219 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)| 369. Avi-ivÏy Avjv gvb DLwj`v Bjvj Avih c„t 137| 370. ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, ivex bs 332|



71. wQK¡vn, nv‡dh, Bgvg Avey BmnvK¡ Beivnxg web gynv¤§v` Bebyj nv‡iQ Avj-dvhvix (g„t 189 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

72. wQK¡vn, dv‡hj, Bgvg Avey gynv¤§v` gvLjv` Bebyj ûmv‡qb Avj-gynvj−vex Avj-evQix (g„t 191 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

73. wQK¡vn, nv‡dh, Bgvg gynv¤§v` web Bqvn&Bqv web Avãyj−vn web Lv‡j` Avh-hynjx Avb-wbkvcyix (g„t 268 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

74. wQK¡vn, nv‡dh Bgvg, AveyeKi Avãyj−vn web gynv¤§v` web Avey kvqevn Beivnxg web IQgvb Avj-Iqv‡mZ¡x Avj-K~dx (g„t 235 wnt) myq~Z¡xi e³e¨ Abyhvqx Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

75. wQK¡vn, nv‡dh, Bgvg Aveyj nvmvb IQgvb web Avex kvqevn Avj-ÔAvemx Avj-K~dx (g„t 239 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv|

76. wQK¡vn †jLK, Bgvg Avey IQgvb mvÔC` web gvbQ‚i web ïÔevn Avj-Lyivmvbx Avj-gv°x (g„t 227 wnt) myq~Z¡xi K_v g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

77. wQK¡vn, QveZ, mybœx, Bgvg Avey ivRv KzZvqev web mvÔC` web Rvgxj AvQ-QvK¡vdx Avj-evMjvbx (g„t 240 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

Bgvg KzZvqev web mvÔC` e‡j‡Qb, �[P ;l��. W`�� rw WG� ��!�3 Wb% Éw �� (,# 3O�M�� 3V�J% �� W��

�T#P� �� 5�6G�. h �Z[� %6] ��L�h 5�y� 0 � �"�� %� {�L �KG ' �� 5�� f�D�%h ÔhLb Zzwg †Kvb e¨w³‡K Bqvn&Bqv web mvÔC` Avj-



129 129

K¡vË¡vb, Avãyi ingvb web gvn`x, Avngv` web nv¤j, BmnvK web ivnIqvBn-Gi gZ (Ges wZwb Av‡iv A‡b‡Ki bvg D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb) Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì fvjevm‡Z †`L‡e ZLb Rvb‡e †h, wbðqB †m e¨w³ mybœv‡Zi Dc‡i (A_©vr mybœx) i‡q‡Q| Avi †h e¨w³ Zv‡ì we‡ivwaZv Ki‡e, Rvb‡e †h †m we`ÔAvZxÕ|371

Bgvg Bqvn&Bqv Avj-K¡vË¡vb, Bgvg Avãyi ingvb web gvn`x, Bgvg Avngv` I Bgvg BmnvK web ivnIqvBn Giv mevB Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (5, 31, 32 I 67 bs Dw³ ªt)|

78. wQK¡vn, nv‡dh, Bgvg Aveyj nvmvb gymvÏv` web gymvinv` web gymvievj web gymZvIwi` Avj-Avmv`x Avj-evQix (g„t 228 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

79. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Avey byÔAvBg dhj web `yKv‡qb ÔAvgi web nv¤§v` AvZ-Zvqgx Avj-gyjvC Avj-K~dx (g„t 217 wnt) myq~Z¡xi K_vg‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

80. wQK¡vn, QveZ, Bgvg Avey g~mv gynv¤§v` Bebyj gyQvbœv web Iev‡q` Avj-evQix Avj-Avbvhx (g„t 252 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

81. wQK¡vn, mZëv`x, Bgvg AveyeKi gynv¤§v` web evk&kvi web IQgvb Avj-ÔAve`x Avj-evQix Ii‡d eyb`vi (g„t 252 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

82. wQK¡vn, nv‡dh, dv‡hj, Bgvg Avey Avãyi ingvb gynv¤§v` web Avãyj−vn web bygv‡qi Avj-nvgv`vbx Avj-K~dx (g„t 234 wnt) myq~Z¡xi e³e¨ g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

83. wQK¡vn, nv‡dh, Bgvg Avey KzivBe gynv¤§v` Bebyj ÔAvjv web KzivBe Avj-nvgv`vbx Avj-K~dx (g„t 247 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)| 371. LZxe evM`v`x, kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ nv/146, mb` Qnxn|



84. Bgvg kv‡dÔCi wkl¨, wQK¡vn, Bgvg Avey Avjx nvmvb web gynv¤§v` BebyQ Qvevn Avh-hvÔdvivbx Avj-evM`v`x (g„t 260 wnt) myq~Z¡xi K_vg‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)| 85. wQK¡vn, Bgvg, nv‡dh myjvqgvb web nvie Avj-Avh`x Avj-evQix Avj-Iqvwknx (g„t 224 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)| 86. wQK¡vn, mZëv`x, Bgvg Aveyb byÔgvb gynv¤§v` Bebyj dhj Avm-mv ~mx Avj-evQix Ii‡d ÔAvwig (g„t 224 wnt) myq~Z¡xi e³e¨ g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (67 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

dv‡q`v : Bgvg Aveyb byÔgvb m¤c‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, z�= W�] 5=6% )� E��µ Ôg„Zz i c~‡e© Zvi gw¯—®‹ weK…Z n‡q wM‡qwQj| Z‡e wZwb (G

Ae¯’vq) †Kvb nv`xQ eY©bv K‡ibwbÕ|372 cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Bgvg Aveyb byÔgv‡bi eY©bvmg~‡ni Dc‡i BLwZjv‡Z¡i Awf‡hvM fzj I cÖZ¨vL¨vZ | 87. RvjvjyÏxb myq~Z¡x (m¤¢eZt nv‡dh Beby nvhg Av›`vjymx †_‡K D×„Z Ki‡Z wM‡q) e‡j‡Qb, <(�D"� cb�� ¾�] ' ,�� {U6� �Ã �� `� j� 1�� Á� �� 2z�+�� O6�`+� �� rG� �� KZ� 5� �%\� 8� �( MD��

��Z �� q��%� :] % WZ ~ cQ�% 'J�(� ��È M� j : ~ R6?�L W�5�6] z� ��.DL�� ª�6%h ÔAvwg cÖvPxb I AvaywbK hy‡Mi †Kvb Av‡jg‡K

cvBwb, whwb ZvK¡jx`‡K Rv‡qh e‡jb Ges G e¨vcv‡i ûKzg †`b| Abyiƒcfv‡e Beby Iqvnve, Bebyj gvwRk~b, gyMxivn web Avey nvwhg, gyZ¡viwid I (IQgvb web Cmv) Beby wKbvbvn Zv‡ì wk¶K gv‡jK-Gi cÖ‡Z¨KwU K_vi ZvK¡jx` K‡ibwb| eis A‡bK RvqMvq Zviv Zuvi we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Qb Ges A‡bï e³e¨‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q‡QbÕ|373 372. hvnvex, Avj-Kvwkd 3/79, ivex bs 5197| 373. myq~Z¡x, Avi-ivÏy ÔAvjv gvb DLwj`v Bjvj Avih c„t 137|



131 131

Rvbv †Mj †h, (mZ¨civqY Bgvg) Avey gviIqvb Avãyj gv‡jK web Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web Avey mvjvgvn Avj-gvwRk~b Avj-Kzivkx AvZ-Zvqgx Avj-gv`vbx (g„t 213 wnt) myq~Z¡xi `„wó‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv|

mZKx©KiY : g~‡j gyMxivn web Avey nv‡hg Av‡Q| A_P mwVK nÕj gyMxivn I Beby Avex nv‡hg| †hgbwU Beby nvh‡gi RvIqvwgDm mxivn (1/326 c„t) †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq| gyMxivn Øviv D‡Ïk¨ Beby Avãyi ingvb Avj-gvLh~gx Ges Beby Avex nv‡hg Øviv D‡Ïk¨ Avãyj Avhxh|

88. mZëv`x, dK¡xn, gyMxivn web Avãyi ingvb Bebyj nvwiQ web Avãyj−vn web ÔAvBqvk Avj-gvLh~gx Avj-gv`vbx (g„t 188 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (87 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

89. mZëv`x, dK¡xn, Avãyj Avhxh web Avey nv‡hg Avj-gv`vbx (g„t 184 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (87 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

90. Bgvg gv‡j‡Ki fv‡Mœ, wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg Avey gyQÔAve gyZ¡viwid web Avãyj−vn web gyZ¡viwid Avj-Bqvmvix Avj-gv`vbx (g„t 220 wnt) myq~Z¡xi g‡Z ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv (87 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

91. nv‡dh Beby nvhg Av›`vjymx e‡j‡Qb, ¥ -TU� 3n,�� 6�Z� ��JD� z� �� M% Æ\Z -6M,� n��6�� W(��P� �� Éw �<+�h

ÔAZtci Bgvg kv‡dÔCi QvÎMY| Zviv gyRZvwn` I Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb| †hgb- Avey BqvK~e Avj-eyIqvqZ¡x I BmgvCj web Bqvn&Bqv Avj-gyhvbxÕ|374

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Beby nvh‡gi wbK‡U Bgvg kv‡dÔC (int)-Gi wkl¨ Avey BqvK~e BDmyd web Bqvn&Bqv Avj-wgQix Avj-eyIqvqZ¡x (wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg, dK¡xn‡ì m`©vi, g„t 231 wnt) Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb| 374. RvIqvwgDm mxivn 1/333|



92. wQK¡vn, Bgvg, dK¡xn Avey Beivnxg BmgvCj web Bqvn&Bqv web BmgvCj Avj-gyhvbx Avj-wgmix (g„t 264 wnt) Beby nvh‡gi K_vg‡Z Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb (4 I 91 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

Avey Avjx Avngv` web Avjx Bebyj nvmvb web ïÔAvBe web whqv` Avj-gv`v‡qbx (g„t 327 wnt) nvmvbyj nv`xQ| Rgn~i Zv‡K wQK¡vn e‡j‡Qb| wZwb ¯xq wk¶K Bgvg gyhvbx (int) †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ ZvK¡jx‡ì dvqQvjv K‡i Zv‡K ejv hvq, †Zvgvi dvqQvjvi †Kvb `jxj wK †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Av‡Q? hw` †m e‡j, nüv, ZvnÕ‡j †m ZvK¡jx`‡K evwZj K‡i w`j| †Kbbv `jxj †mB dvqQvjv‡K Zvi wbK‡U Avek¨K K‡i‡Q, ZvK¡jx` bq| Avi hw` †m e‡j, `jxj Qvov| Z‡e Zv‡K ejv hvq, ZvnÕ‡j Zzwg wK‡mi Rb¨ i³ cÖevwnZ K‡iQ, j¾v¯’vb‡K nvjvj K‡i w`‡qQ Ges m¤c`mg~n bó K‡iQ? A_P Avj−vn †Zvgvi Dc‡i Gme nvivg K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ Zywg `jxj QvovB Zv nvjvj K‡i w`‡jÕ?375

GB `xN© D×„wZ‡Z Bgvg gyhvbx AZ¨š— my›ì I mvavi‡Yi †evaMg¨ c×wZ‡Z ZvK¡jx`‡K evwZj mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb| Avj−vn Zuvi cÖwZ ing Ki“b!

93. gvjvKvn&i LZxe Avj−vgv Avey gynv¤§v` Avãyj Avhxg web Avãyj−vn web Aveyj nv¾vR Bebyk kvqL evjvex (g„t 666 wnt) m¤c‡K© nv‡dh

hvnvex Ges Ljxj web AvqevK AvQ-Qvdv`x yÕR‡bB e‡j‡Qb, 5�� X�.(DL� 8 � M� J(� ��h ÔZvi wbw`©ó wKQz gvmAvjv wQj| †m¸‡jv‡Z

wZwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bvÕ|376

94. myq~Z¡x nv‡dh Beby nvhg †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Z.�� % �L� �%� :6] P rG[� �� È M� OZ )� 0Q) �� )� 6�� (� ��[ 0 � 375. LZxe evM`v`x, Avj-dK¡xn Iqvj gyZvdvw°n 2/69-70, mb` nvmvb| 376. ZvixLyj Bmjvg 49/226; Avj-Iqvdx wej-AdvqvZ 19/12|



133 133

~ n,�� :6M� :]� �� È M�8 q6� �� )´ O¹�� WA"+� g,� WA"+� g,� ~ n,��h ÔAvgiv ZvK¡jx` bv Kivi Dci me©‡kl

hv‡ì‡K †c‡qwQ Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Avgv‡ì D¯—v` Avey Igi AvZ-Z¡jvgvbKx i‡q‡Qb| wZwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb KwZcq gvmAvjvq kv‡dÔCi gZvej¤b K‡i‡Qb| Avi eZ©gv‡b i‡q‡Qb gynv¤§v` web ÔAvId, whwb Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` K‡ib bv| wZwb KwZcq gvmAvjvq kv‡dÔCi K_vgZ drIqv w`‡q‡QbÕ|377

cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, wQK¡vn, Bgvg, nv‡dh Avey Igi Avngv` web gynv¤§v` web Avãyj−vn Avj-gyÔAvwdix Avj-Av›`vjymx AvZ-Z¡jvgvbKx (g„t 429 wnt) nv‡dh Beby nvh‡gi `„wó‡Z Kv‡iv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv|

Bgvg Z¡jvgvbKx m¤c‡K© nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, ��1% Ê�M+� _M¶� µ�¶� Ë�!� 4�V�Yh ÔwZwb Bgvg, K¡vix, gynvw°K, gynvwÏQ, (nv`x‡Qi)

nv‡dh I AvQvixÕ|378

95. KwZcq nvbvdx I Mv‡qi nvbvdx dK¡xn Avey eKi Avj-K¡vddvj,

Avey Avjx Ges K¡vhx ûmv‡qb †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, Zviv e‡j‡Qb, "�5��. ��. _�� W� n,�� È M%h ÔAvgiv kv‡dÔCi gyK¡vwj− bB| eis

Avgv‡ì gZ Zuvi g‡Zi mv‡_ wg‡j wM‡q‡QÕ|379

Rvbv †Mj †h, (GB Av‡jg‡ì wbK‡U) Avj−vgv AveyeKi Avãyj−vn web Avngv` web Avãyj−vn Avj-K¡vddvj Avj-gviIqvhx Avj-Lyivmvbx Avk-kv‡dÔC (g„t 417 wnt) gyK¡vwj− ‡ì Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jb bv| 377. Avi-ivÏy ÔAvjv gvb DLwj`v Bjvj Avih c„t 138| 378. wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 17/566-67; Dciš‘ †`Lyb : 7 bs Dw³| 379. †`Lyb : Avãyj nvB jv‡¶èŠex, Avb-bv‡dÔDj Kvexi wjgvqu qyZvwjÔD Avj-Rv‡gÔ AvQ-

QvMxi, c„t 7; ZvK¡ixivZyi ivwdÔC, 1/11; AvZ¡-ZvK¡ixi IqvZ-Zvnexi, 3/453|



96. c~‡e©i D×„wZmg~n Øviv cÖgvwYZ i‡q‡Q †h, K¡vhx Avey Avjx ûmv‡qb Avj-gviIqvhx Avk-kv‡dÔC (g„t 462 wnt) gyK¡vwj− ‡ì Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jb bv (95 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

97. Avey Avjx Avj-nvmvb (Avj-ûmv‡qb) web gynv¤§v` web ïÔAvBe Avm-wmbRx Avj-gviIqvhx Avk-kv‡dÔC (g„t 432 wnt) gyK¡vwj− ‡ì Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jb bv (95 bs Dw³ `ªt)|

cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, †h mKj Av‡jg‡K kv‡dÔC ejv nq, Zviv Zv‡ì †NvlYv Ges mv¶¨ Abyhvqx gyK¡vwj− ‡ì Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jb bv|380

98. kvqLyj Bmjvg nv‡dh ZvwK¡DÏxb Aveyj AveŸvm Avngv` web Avãyj

nvjxg Avj-nvi©vbx Ii‡d Beby Zvqwgqvn (g„t 728 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ;)E�P 9:;�;;=7� ;% F59�;�;;=7� ;JC@% 07 ;� n@D7�@�C,;% @r;GNK;)@� 3;�;)C�7� 7� 07 ;� V@�(@ NM;= F57�h ÔAvngv‡ì

gvhnve nÕ‡Z Avwg †KejgvÎ H welq¸wj MÖnY Kwi, †h¸wj Avgvi Rvbv Av‡Q| Avwg Zvi ZvK¡jx` Kwi bvÕ|381

nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn e‡j‡Qb, Ôhw` †KD GUv e‡j †h, mvaviY gvby‡li Dci AgyK Agy‡Ki ZvK¡jx` IqvwRe, ZvnÕ‡j GUv †Kvb gymjgv‡bi K_v bqÕ|382

wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, Ô†Kvb GKRb gymjgv‡bi Dc‡iI Av‡jg‡ì ga¨ nÕ‡Z †Kvb GKRb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi mKj K_vq ZvK¡jx` IqvwRe bq| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e¨ZxZ †Kvb wbw`©ó e¨w³i gvhnve‡K AuvK‡o aiv †Kvb GKRb gymjgv‡bi Dci IqvwRe bq †h, me wel‡q ZviB AvbyMZ¨ ïi“ K‡i w`‡eÕ|383

380. Dciš‘ †`Lyb : myeKx, Z¡vevK¡vZzk kv‡dCqvn Avj-Kzeiv, 2/78, gynv¤§v` web Beivnxg

Bebyj gybwhi Avb-wbkvcyix-Gi Rxebx Ges 11 bs Dw³ `ªt| 381. Bebyj K¡vBwqg, BÔjvgyj gyIqvw°Cb 2/241-242| 382. Beby Zvqwgqvn, gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 22/249| 383. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 20/209; Av‡iv †`Lyb : Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 40|



135 135

nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn m¤c‡K© Zvi QvÎ nv‡dh hvnvex e‡j‡Qb, JD¿�� "?+� ÔwZwb GKRb gydvmwmi I gyRZvwn`Õ|384 99. nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg Avj-RvIwhBqvn (g„t 751 wnt) ZvK¡jx‡ì LÊ‡b ÔBÔjvgyj gyIqvw°Cb ÔAvb iweŸj ÔAvjvgxbÕ bv‡g GKwU Rei`¯—

wKZve wj‡L‡Qb Ges e‡j‡Qb, ;)E�@P;� Cl7Y;�;� @R@K;G @�N��9�;�C� n@� @OC�7MN�� @�@��E�� @16F%NK;)N�� 07 ;� @O;"@� @:6F#;. @�� 0S ;U m�� @5C(7 ;� ;'S ;#;� ÔAvi (ZvK¡jx‡ì) GB

we`ÔAvZ PZz_© wnRix‡Z Avwe®‹…Z n‡q‡Q| †hwU ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi hev‡b wbw›`ZÕ|385

Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì wbK‡U mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi HK¨gZ †cvlYK…Z ey‡Si Av‡jv‡K KziAvb, nv`xQ I BRgvi Dc‡i Avgj nIqv DwPZ| Avi ZvK¡jx` Rv‡qh bq| †h‡nZz nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqgI GB gvmjv‡KiB cÖe³v I AvgjKvix wQ‡jb, †m‡nZz hvdi Avngv` _vbex †Ìe›`x ¯xq

LvQ †Ìe›`x auv‡P e‡j‡Qb, RKG f6� -4� 6G tK�� '(M�� O� ��. �4��]�?h Ô†Kbbv Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Bebyj K¡vBwqgB nÕ‡jb GB ai‡bi

(A_©vr Avn‡jnv`xQ) wdiK¡vi RbKÕ|386

100. nv‡dh Ave~ Avãyj−vn kvgmyÏxb gynv¤§v` web Avngv` web IQgvb Avh-hvnvex (g„t 748 wnt) eû RvqMvq ¯úófv‡e ZvK¡jx‡ì we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Qb Ges e‡j‡Qb,

WZ� 1%P KL$� �% 5�6] ±�DF�� 8P 1%P *MD+� ��/�� /+� *%4� 16/,+� X�6 U �� 5%�#� 35( � (� � r�,�� % j� � M� 5�� %%P

384. ZvhwKivZzj ûddvh nv/1175| 385. BÔjvgyj gyIqvw°Cb 2/208; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 32| 386. BÔjvDm mybvb 20/8, wk‡ivbvg : ÔAv`-Øxbyj K¡vBwqgÕ; Av‡iv †`Lyb : 1bs Dw³i

Av‡Mi f~wgKv|



5(,� � WZ % :] �% 5) � ¸ �� 0 � rGK% 5%%P �% ½6/�� 6�� 26] 8P ��h

ÔgyËvKx‡ì †bZv, mZëv`x, mZ¨vqbK…Z, wek¦ —, wb®úvc bex (Qvt) e¨ZxZ cÖ‡Z¨K Bgv‡gi K_v MÖnY I eR©b Kiv hvq| Avj−vn&i Kmg! GUv Avðh©RbK †h, GKRb Av‡jg Zvi Øx‡bi †¶‡Î †Kvb wbw`©ó Bgv‡gi cÖ‡Z¨K K_vq ZvK¡jx` K‡i| A_P †m Rv‡b †h, Qnxn nv`xQmg~n Zvi Bgv‡gi gvhnve‡K evwZj K‡i †`q| AZtci †bB †Kvb kw³ Avj−vn e¨ZxZÕ|387

nv‡dh hvnvexi Dw³i †k‡l Ô(jv nvIjv) Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bj−v wej−vnÕ †jLv GK_vi `jxj †h, Zuvi wbK‡U ZvK¡jx` GKwU kqZvbx KvR| GRb¨ Avj−vn&i wbK‡U cÖv_©bv wZwb Avgv‡ì‡K GB kqZvbx KvR †_‡K me© v i¶v Ki“b! Avgxb!! (11bs Dw³ `ªt)|

Avgiv Avgv‡ì `vex Ges ZvK¡jx` k‡ãi kZ© Abyhvqx gymwjg D¤§vn&i GKk (100) Av‡j‡gi Ggb D×„wZmg~n †ck K‡iwQ, hviv ¯úófv‡e ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv A_ev ZvK¡jx‡ì we‡ivax wQ‡jb| Avgv‡ì Rvbv g‡Z †Kvb GKRb wek¦ —, mZëv`x, Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ I wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg †_‡K cÖPwjZ ZvK¡jx‡ì Avek¨KZv A_ev Gi Dc‡i Avgj cÖgvwYZ †bB| Avi `ywbqvi †Kvb e¨w³ GB M‡elYvi wecix‡Z †Kvb wbf©i‡hvM¨ Bgvg †_‡K ZvK¡jx‡ì Acwinvh©Zv ev Gi Dc‡i Avg‡ji

GKwU D×…wZI †ck Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| C67�;� 7O7Z C'FJFIC,;� pgC,;�@� ��z@J7� ÔhwÌ

Zviv ci¯c‡ii mvnvh¨Kvix nqÕ (eYx BmivCj 17/88)| Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn|

mZKx©KiY : GKk D×„wZmg„× GB M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨ Av‡`Š GUv bq †h, GB cÖe‡Ü †h mKj Av‡j‡gi D‡j−L †bB ev bvg †bB, Zviv ZvK¡jx`

387. ZvhwKivZzj ûddvh 1/16, Avãyj−vn web gvmÔE` (ivt)-Gi Rxebx `ªt|



137 137

Ki‡Zb| eis ZvK¡jx‡ì wbwl×Zvi Dc‡i †Zv Lvqiƒj Kziƒ‡bi (¯^Y© hyM) BRgv i‡q‡Q|388

Giv Qvov Av‡iv A‡bK Av‡jgI wQ‡jb, hv‡ì †_‡K my¯úófv‡e ZvK¡jx` kã cÖ‡qv‡Mi mv‡_ mv‡_ Gi (ZvK¡jx`) wbwl×Zv I cÖZ¨vL¨vb cÖgvwYZ i‡q‡Q| †hgb-

(1) RvjvjyÏxb myq~Z¡x (g„t 911 wnt) ZvK¡jx‡ì LÊ‡b ÔAvi-ivÏy ÔAvjv gvb DLwj`v Bjvj ÔAvih Iqv Rv‡njv ÔAvbœvj BRwZnv`v dx Kzwj−

AvQwib dvihÕ )� �% 0 � �� WZ ~ �JD`8� O� WJ`� º.4� P � Lº�� /�( wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© MÖš’ wj‡L‡Qb Ges G‡Z -�

�( MD�� "� ÔZvK¡jx‡ì wdZbvÕ Aby‡”Q` iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Avi nv‡dh Beby nvhg †_‡K mg_©bg~jKfv‡e D×„Z K‡i‡Qb †h, �( MD�� 1�� ÔZvK¡jx` nvivgÕ (H, c„t 131)|

myq~Z¡x Zuvi Ab¨ GKwU MÖ‡š’ e‡j‡Qb,

:M� O� r� tK�� : 5( � �� 0 U �� :6#. z� 1%P P r"D�� % WZ ��)�� "�� .L f�D�% 6J� 5( � t�,�� [ 0 � �6� ' #�

f��?�� :6U4� ~ OZ }�6#h

ÔGUv ejv IqvwRe (dih) †h, cÖ‡Z¨K H e¨w³ †h ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb Bgv‡gi w`‡K m¤wÜZ n‡q hvq Ges GB m¤ÜKi‡Yi Dci †m eÜyZ¡ Ges kÎ“Zv †cvlY K‡i, Z‡e †m we`ÔAvZx Ges Avn‡j mybœvZ

388. †`Lyb : Avi-ivÏy ÔAvjv gvb DLwj`v Bjvj Avih c„t 131-132; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv

gvmAvjv c„t 34-35|



Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ †_‡K LvwiR| PvB (GB m¤Ü) g~jbxwZ‡Z †nvK ev kvLv-cÖkvLvMZ wel‡q †nvKÕ|389

(2) hvqjvC (g„t 743 wnt/1343 wLªt) nvbvdx (!) e‡j‡Qb, � M+� WG[ � M+�� J`Wh ÔgyK¡vwj− fzj K‡i Ges gyK¡vwj− g~L©Zv K‡iÕ|390

(3) eì“Ïxb ÔAvqbx (762-855 wnt) nvbvdx (!) e‡j‡Qb, � M+� WG[ � M+�� WJ` WZ �� }n� �% �( MD��h ÔgyK¡vwj− fzj K‡i Ges gyK¡vwj−

g~L©Zv K‡i| Avi ZvK¡jx‡ì Kvi‡Y mKj e¯‘i wec`Õ|391

(4) Bgvg Z¡vnvex (238-321 wnt) nvbvdx (!) †_‡K ewY©Z Av‡Q †h,

wZwb e‡j‡Qb, WG� � M�8P /�k �� k� Ô†Muvov I Avn¤§K e¨ZxZ †KD

ZvK¡jx` K‡i wKÕ?392

(5) Ave~ nvdQ Bebyj gyjvw°b (g„t 804 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, r�� [ °P �M�) �% (3�( MD�� ¼�) }�� 5% (�)² �� 5%h ÔmvaviYZt ZvK¡jx‡ì

Kvi‡Y Ggb K_vevZ©v nq| Avi Avgiv Avj−vn&i cÖksmv I Zuvi AbyMÖ‡ni mv‡_ Zv †_‡K gy³Õ|393

(6) Ave~ hv‡q` Kvhx Ievq`yj−vn Av`-`ve~mx (g„t 430 wnt/1039 wLªt) nvbvdx (!) e‡j‡Qb, ÔZvK¡jx‡ì mvigg© GB †h, gyK¡vwj− wb‡R‡K PZz®ú` Rš‘i mv‡_ GKvKvi K‡i †`q...| hw` gyK¡vwj−` wb‡R‡K GRb¨

389. Avj-Kvbhyj gv`d~b Iqvj dyjKzj gvkn~b c„t 149; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvj, c„t

40-41| 390. bvQeyi ivqvn 1/219| 391. Avj-webvqv ki‡n wn`vqv 1/317| 392. wjmvbyj gxhvb 1/280| 393. Avj-evì“j gybxi dx ZvLixwRj Avnv`xQ Iqvj-AvQvi Avj-IqvwKÔAvn wdk-kviwnj

Kvexi 1/293|



139 139

Rš‘ evwb‡q wb‡q‡Q †h, †m we‡eK I Abyf~wZ k~b¨| ZvnÕ‡j Zvi (gw¯—‡®‹i) wPwKrmv Kiv‡bv DwPrÕ|394

(7) eo Av‡jg, kvqL gynv¤§v` dv‡Li web gynv¤§v` Bqvn&Bqv web gynv¤§v` Avgxb Avj-AveŸvmx Avm-mvjvdx Gjvnvev`x (g„t 1164 wnt) ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| eis KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi `jx‡ji Dc‡i Avgj Ki‡Zb Ges wb‡R BRwZnv` Ki‡Zb|395

wZwb (dv‡Li Gjvnvev`x) e‡j‡Qb, Rgn~i-Gi wbK‡U wbw`©ó †Kvb gvhnv‡ei ZvK¡jx` Kiv Rv‡qh †bB| eis BRwZnv` IqvwRe...| ZvK¡jx‡`i we`ÔAvZ wnRix PZz_© kZvãx‡Z m„wó n‡q‡QÕ|396

Av‡jg KyiAvb, nv`xQ, BRgv I mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi AvQvi Øviv BRwZnv` Ki‡eb| Ab¨w`‡K Rv‡n‡ji BRwZnv` GB †h, †m Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Av‡j‡gi KvQ †_‡K KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi gvmAvjv¸wj wRÁvmv K‡i †m¸wji Dci Avgj Ki‡e| Avi GUv ZvK¡jx` bq|

(8) AveyeKi A_ev Ave~ Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` web Avngv` web Avãyj−vn Ii‡d Beby LyIqvBh wgb`v` Avj-evQix Avj-gv‡jKx (wnRix 4_© kZvãxi †k‡l g„Z) e‡j‡Qb,

7�C(@ NMED�F� FR;C,;% n@� @fC�E�� C6F H��Ff 07�@P p:C67] 78 7�E�F� @5@ @A7M@� 3@5C(7 ;� �7K;G;� C6FC);%ef F5C@% n@� C�@�E��3@�;, ;�Ff;�=@�� ;% ;l;�7Y @5C(7 ;� >�E�F�h

ÔkixÔAv‡Z ZvK¡jx‡`i A_© nÕj, Ggb e¨w³i K_vi w`‡K avweZ nIqv †h wel‡q Zvi †Kvb `jxj †bB| Avi GwU kixÔAv‡Z wbwl×| c¶vš—‡i B‡Ëev nÕj †hwU `jxj Øviv mve¨ —Õ|397

394. ZvK¡exgyj Avw`j−vn dx DQ~wjj wdK¡n c„t 390; gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ, nvh‡iv, msL¨v

22, c„t 16| 395. †`Lyb : byhnvZzj LvIqvwZi 6/350, µwgK bs 636| 396. wimvjvn bvRvwZqvn c„t 41-42; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv, c„t 41| 397. Rv‡gÔD evqvwbj Bjg Iqv dvhwjnx c„t 233|



mZKx©KiY : nv‡dh Beby Avãyj evi© GB Dw³wU D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb Ges †Kvb cÖZz Ëi †`bwb| myZivs cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, GwU Beby LyIqvBh wgb`v‡ì AcÖPwjZ Dw³mg~‡ni ga¨ nÕ‡Z bq|398

(9) mgKvjxb‡ì ga¨ †_‡K B‡qg‡bi cÖwm× kvqL gyK¡wej web nv`x Avj-Iqvw`ÔC e‡j‡Qb, ÔZvK¡jx` nvivg| †Kvb gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ Rv‡qh bq †h, †m Avj−vn&i Øx‡bi g‡a¨ (Kv‡iv) ZvK¡jx` Ki‡eÕ|399

(10) mE`x Avi‡ei cÖavb wePvicwZ (c‡i MÖ vÊ gydZx) kvqL Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web evh (1913-1999 wLªt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn&i cÖksmv †h Avwg †Mvuov bB| Z‡e Avwg KziAvb I nv`xQ Abyhvqx dvqQvjv Kwi| Avgvi drIqv mg~‡ni wfwË ÔAvj−vn e‡j‡QbÕ Ges ivm~j e‡j‡QbÕ-Gi Dci| nv¤jx ev Ab¨‡ì ZvK¡jx‡ì Dc‡i bqÕ|400

(11) Bebyj RvIhxi ZvK¡jx` bv Kivi e¨vcv‡i †`Lyb Zuvi ÔAvj-gykwKjy wgb nv`xwQQ Qnxnv‡qbÕ (1/833) MÖš’wU Ges gvwmK ÔAvj-nv`xQÕ (nvh‡iv), 73 msL¨v|

†eªjfx‡ì cxi myjZvb evn~ e‡j‡Qb, ÔPvwe nÕj mivmwi msNe×Zv| Avi ZvK¡jx` nÕj AmsNe×Zv Ges †c‡ikvbx| eis ZvK¡jx`cš’x Rvwnj Ges cïi †P‡qI wbK…ó n‡q _v‡KÕ|401

myjZvb evn~ Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, ÔZvInx`cš’xiv †n`vqvZcÖvß, mvnvh¨cÖvß Ges ZvnKxKKvix nq| ZvK¡jx`cš’xiv `ywbqv`vi, Awf‡hvMKvix Ges gykwiK nqÕ|402

398. †`Lyb : wjmvbyj gxhvb 5/296| 399. ZzndvZzj gyRxe Avjv AvmBjvwZj nvwhi Iqvj Mvixe c„t 205; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv

gvmAvjv, c„t 43| 400. Avj-BK¡bvÔ c„t 92; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 43| 401. ZvIdxKzj †n`vqvZ c„t 20, cÖ‡MÖwmf eyK&m, jv‡nvi| 402. H, c„t 167|



141 141

GKkwU D×…wZi g‡a¨ D‡j−wLZ Av‡jgMY Ges c‡i D‡j−wLZ‡ì †gvKv‡ejvq †Ìe›`x I †eªjfx wdiK¡vi Av‡jgiv GUv e‡jb †h, ZvK¡jx` IqvwRe Ges AZxZ Kv‡ji Av‡jgMY gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb|

GB ZvK¡jx`cš’x‡ì PviwU D×„wZ Ges †k‡l †m¸wji Reve †ck Kiv nÕj-

(1) gynv¤§v` K¡v‡mg bvb~Zzfx †Ìe›`x (1248-1297 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔwØZxq GB †h, Avwg Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvi gyK¡vwj− | GRb¨ Avgvi wecix‡Z Avcwb †h K_vB we‡ivwaZv ¯iƒc †ck Ki‡eb †mUv Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvi n‡Z n‡e| G K_v Avgvi Dci û¾vZ (`jxj) n‡e bv †h, kvgx GUv wj‡L‡Qb Ges `y‡i© gyLZvi MÖš’Kvi GUv e‡j‡Qb| Avwg Zv‡ì gyK¡vwj− bBÕ|403

(2) gvng~ nvmvb †Ìe›`x (1268-1339 wnt) GKwU gvmAvjv m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔnK I BbQvd GB †h, GB gvmAvjvq kv‡dÔCi gZ AMÖMY¨| Avi Avgiv gyK¡vwj− | Avgv‡ì Dci Avgv‡ì Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvi ZvK¡jx` IqvwRe| Avj−vnB fv‡jv Rv‡bbÕ|404

(3) Avngv` †ihv Lvb †eªjfx (1272-1340 wnt) t6D?�� O� 1��4� 0 `�1%�� :6] 0 � M �% wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU cyw¯—Kv wj‡L‡Qb| hvi A_© ÔdrIqv †KejgvÎ Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvi K_vi Dc‡iB n‡eÕ!

ZvK¡jx` m¤ú‡K© wg_¨v ej‡Z wM‡q Ges †avuKv w`‡Z wM‡q Avngv` †ihv Lvb †eªjfx e‡j‡Qb, Ôwe‡klZt ZvK¡jx‡ì gvmAvjvq Zv‡ì gvhnve Abyhvqx GMv‡ivk eQ‡ii AvB¤§v‡q Øxb, Kv‡gj Av‡jg-Ijvgv Ges AvIwjqv‡q Avwidxb (Avj−vn Zv‡ì cÖwZ mš‘ó nb) mevB gykwiK AvL¨v cv‡”Qb| Avj−vn&i Kv‡Q cvbvn PvBÕ|405 403. mvIqvwb‡n K¡v‡mgx 2/22| 404. ZvK¡ix‡i wZiwghx c„t 36; Øxb †gu ZvK¡jx` Kv gvmAvjv c„t 24| 405. dvZvIqv wihwfqvn 11/387|



(4) Avngv` Bqvi bvCgx †eªjfx e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvgv‡ì `jxj GB eY©bv¸wj bq| Avgv‡ì Avmj `jxj †Zv Bgv‡g Avhg Ave~ nvbxdv (int)-Gi Av‡`kÕ|406

wb‡e`b iBj †h, GMv‡ivk eQ‡i †Kvb GKRb wQK¡vn I Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Av‡jg †_‡K Avcbv‡ì cÖPwjZ ZvK¡jx‡ì Avek¨KZv A_ev êaZvi K_v ev K‡g© †Kvb cÖgvY †bB| Avgvi c¶ †_‡K mKj †Ìe›`x I †eªjfx‡K P¨v‡jÄ _vKj †h, GB M‡elYvg~jK cÖe‡Ü D‡j−wLZ GKkwU wbf©i‡hvM¨ D×„wZi †gvKv‡ejvq Lvqi“j Kziƒ‡bi Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb †_‡K †mªd `kwU D×„wZ †ck Ki“K| †hLv‡b GwU wjwLZ Av‡Q †h, gymjgvb‡ì Dc‡i PvB Zviv (Av‡jg †nvK ev mvaviY gvbyl) Bgvg PZzóq (Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv, gv‡jK, kv‡dÔC I Avngv`)-Gi ga¨ †_‡K †mªd GKR‡bi ZvK¡jx` IqvwRe Ges Aewkó wZbR‡bi (ZvK¡jx`) nvivg| Avi gyK¡vwj−‡ì Rb¨ GUv Rv‡qh bq †h, †m ¯xq Bgv‡gi K_v‡K eR©b K‡i KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi Dci Avgj Ki‡e| hw` _v‡K Z‡e D×„wZ †ck Ki“K|

Avi hw` Ggb †Kvb cÖgvY bv _v‡K Ges Av‡`Š †bB| eis Avgvi D‡j−wLZ D×„wZmg~n GB ev‡bvqvU ZvK¡jx`x g~wZ©‡K UzK‡iv UzK‡iv K‡i aŸsm K‡i w`‡q‡Q| AZGe GMv‡iv kZ eQ‡ii Av‡jg‡ì bvg e‡j wg_¨v fq †`Lv‡eb bv| Lvqi“j Kziƒ‡bi mKj mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi BRgv Ges cieZ©x Rgn~i mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi ZvK¡jx` we‡ivwaZv Ges LÊb Kiv G K_vi `jxj †h, GB gvmAvjvwU (ZvK¡jx` Kiv) mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi G‡Kev‡iB wecixZ| hw` cÖPwjZ ZvK¡jx`‡K IqvwRe ejv nq Zvn‡j KziAvb, nv`xQ I BRgvi we‡ivwaZv Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ †PŠÏkZ eQ‡ii mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi we‡ivwaZv Ges LÊb Avek¨K n‡q hvq| hv g~jZt evwZj| Agv ÔAvjvqbv Bj−vj evjvM| 406. RvAvj nvK¡ 2/91, Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjvn, 2q Aby‡”Q`|



143 143

KwZcq dv‡q`v :

(1) Avj−vgv myq~Z¡x (g„t 911 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, :M� O� r� tK�� : �% WZ t�,�� [ 0 � �6� ' #� 5( � �� 0 U �� :6#. z� 1%P P r"D�� :6U4� ~ OZ }�6# ��)�� "�� .L f�D�% 6J� 5( �

��?��fh ÔGUv ejv IqvwRe (dih) †h, cÖ‡Z¨K H e¨w³ †h ivm~jyj−vn

(Qvt) e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb Bgv‡gi w`‡K m¤wÜZ n‡q hvq Ges GB m¤ÜKi‡Yi Dci †m eÜyZ¡ Ges kÎ“Zv †cvlY K‡i, Z‡e †m we`ÔAvZx Ges Avn‡j mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ †_‡K LvwiR| PvB (GB m¤Ü) g~jbxwZ‡Z †nvK ev kvLv-cÖkvLvMZ wel‡q †nvKÕ|407

(2) Bgvg nvKvg web DZvqev (g„t 115 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, ;dC(7� e�;�7� C�@% @_N ;L @�� S8@P 9K;LC$F� C�@% @5@�C67] F±;�CDF�;� S8@P En@�E�� 0S ;U m�� @5C(7 ;� ;'S ;#;� Ôbex (Qvt) e¨ZxZ

Avj−vn&i m„wóKz‡ji g‡a¨ Ggb †KD †bB hvi K_v MÖnY ev eR©b Kiv hv‡eÕ|408

407. Avj-Kvbhyj gv`d~b Iqvj dyjKzj gvkn~b c„t 149| 408. Rv‡gÔD evqvwbj Bjwg Iqv dvhwjnx 2/91, 2q ms¯‹iY, 2/112, 3q ms¯‹iY, 2/181,

mb` nvmvb wj-hvwZnx|



Avn‡jnv`xQ KLb †_‡K Av‡Q Avi †Ìe›`x I †eªjfx gZev‡ì m~Pbv KLb n‡q‡Q?

cÖkœ : Avgiv GUv ïb‡Z _vwK †h, Avn‡jnv`xQMY Bs‡iR‡ì Avg‡j ïi“ n‡q‡Q| c~‡e© G‡ì †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ wQj bv| `qv K‡i cvwK¯—vb I wn›`y —v‡bi AZxZKv‡ji Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jg‡ì bvg msw¶ß cwiwPwZmn wjL‡eb| abëv`|

-gynv¤§v` dvBqvh `vgvbfx, eªvW‡dvW©, Bsj¨vÊ|

Reve : †hfv‡e Aviex fvlvq ÔAvnjym mybœvnÕ A_© mybœvZcš’x, †mfv‡e Avnjyj nv`xQ A_© nv`xQcš’x| †hfv‡e mybœvZcš’x Øviv Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ mybœx Ijvgv Ges Zv‡ì Abymvix Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ mvaviY RbMY‡K eySvq, †mfv‡e nv`xQcš’x Øviv Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gynv‡ÏQx‡b †Kivg Ges Zv‡ì Abymvix Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ mvaviY RbMY‡K eySvq|

¯§Z©e¨ †h, Avn‡j mybœvZ Ges Avn‡jnv`xQ GKB `‡ji `yÕwU ¸YevPK bvg gvÎ| Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gynv‡ÏQx‡b †Kiv‡gi K‡qKwU †kªYx i‡q‡Q| †hgb-

(1) Qvnvev‡q †Kivg (ivt)| (2) Zv‡eC‡b Ghvg (int)| (3) Zv‡e Zv‡eCb| (4) AvZevÔG Zv‡e Zv‡eCb (Zv‡e Zv‡eCb-Gi wkl¨MY)| (5) nv`x‡Qi nv‡dhMY| (6) nv`x‡Qi ivexMY| (7) nv`x‡Qi e¨vL¨vKvixMY Ges Ab¨vb¨MY| Avj−vn Zv‡ì Dci ing Ki“b!

Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gynvwÏQM‡Yi Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ RbM‡Yi K‡qKwU †kªYx i‡q‡Q| †hgb-

(1) D”Pwkw¶Z| (2) ga¨g wkw¶Z| (3) mvgvb¨ wkw¶Z Ges (4) wbi¶i mvaviY gvbyl|

GB me©‡gvU GMv‡ivwU (7+4) †kªYx‡K Avn‡jnv`xQ ejv nq| Avi Zv‡ì ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wb`k©b¸wj wbgœiƒc-



145 145

1. KziAvb, nv`xQ I BRgv‡q D¤§‡Zi Dc‡i Avgj Kiv|

2. KziAvb, nv`xQ I BRgvi wecix‡Z Kv‡iv K_v bv gvbv|

3. ZvK¡jx` bv Kiv|

4. Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv‡K mvZ Avmgv‡bi E‡aŸ© ¯xq Avi‡ki Dc‡i mgybœxZ wnmv‡e gvbv| †hwU Zuvi gh©v`vi Dc‡hvMx †mfv‡e|

5. Cgv‡bi A_© ü`‡q wek¦vm, gy‡L ¯xK…wZ Ges K‡g© ev¯—evqb|

6. Cgv‡bi n«vm-e„w×i AvK¡x`v †cvlY Kiv|

7. KziAvb I nv`xQ‡K mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi eyS Abyhvqx Abyaveb Kiv Ges Gi wecix‡Z mK‡ji K_v cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv|

8. mKj Qvnvex, wbf©i‡hvM¨ I mZëv`x Zv‡eCb, Zv‡e Zv‡eCb, AvZevÔG Zv‡e Zv‡eCb Ges mKj wek¦ — I wbf©i‡hvM¨ Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ gynvwÏQM‡Yi cÖwZ fvjevmv †cvlY Kiv BZ¨vw`|

Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j (661-728 wnt) e‡j‡Qb, Fr@�;U @��@�;TN�� ;�;�C@� C�;% 9W@)C,;DC";� 7��@�;TN�� ÔAvgv‡ì wbK‡U Avn‡jnv`xQ H e¨w³ whwb nv`x‡Qi

Dc‡i Avgj K‡ibÕ|409

nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (661-728) e‡j‡Qb,

F�CT;�;� 7� n@C,;� @WCG7\@� @��@�;TN�� ;��@�@/;DNMF)N�� 07 ;� @5@�;);# C�7� @5@D;�;D@Z C�7� @5@D;��;�@. NW;�

n@C,;� C'@J@� :SW9Z C�;% 7O7Z E_;�7� @5@uN?@T@� @5@D7�@�C,;%;� @5@)CJ7�;� ��@G7� �@B;�;� @5@�;�=�;� �@B;� ��@G7�;�h

ÔAvgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ ej‡Z †Kej Zv‡ì‡KB eywS bv hviv nv`xQ ï‡b‡Qb, wjwce× K‡i‡Qb ev eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| eis Avgiv Avn‡jnv`xQ Øviv H mKj e¨w³‡K eywS‡q _vwK, hviv nv`xQ gyL¯’KiY Ges †Mvcb I 409. LZ¡xe, Avj-Rv‡gÔ nv/186, mb` Qnxn|



cÖKvk¨fv‡e Zvi Ávb jvf I Abyaveb Ges AbymiY Kivi AwaK nK`viÕ|410

nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn&i D‡j−wLZ Dw³ †_‡KI Avn‡jnv`xQ-Gi (Avj−vn Zv‡ì msL¨v e„w× Ki“b) `yÕwU †kªYx mve¨¯— nq :

1. nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ AvgjKvix gynv‡ÏQx‡b †Kivg|

2. nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i AvgjKvix mvaviY RbMY|

nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb,

�7K;J@�;� F�E(;�;D;� SO7� E_;�7� @aE�� NO7\@� 7O69Q;= ;n@G 9�7]C�@?N�� 9�;(@ E�� 9WCG7� @��@�;TN�� ©@�EH"��;� ;��@KS�� ;dC(7� C'FJ7� ef6F�CD;% 7O6F�E/;,;D;� F57� S8P 7:6F#;. @�� 0S ;U m�� @5C(7 ;� ;'S ;#;�h

ÔAvi Gi gva¨‡g my có nq †h, †jvK‡ì ga¨ nÕ‡Z bvRvZcÖvß wdiK¡v nIqvi mePvB‡Z †ekx nK`vi nÕj Avn‡jnv`xQ I Avn‡j mybœvn| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e¨ZxZ Zv‡ì Ggb †Kvb AbymiYxq e¨w³ (Bgvg) †bB, hvi Rb¨ Zviv c¶cvwZZ¡ K‡iÕ|411

nv‡dh Beby KvQxi (701-774 wnt) ;1C6;� 6F�C�;� SW9Z pa;�9� C'@J@%;%@y@� Ô†hw`b

Avgiv WvKe cÖ‡Z¨K m¤cÖ vq‡K Zv‡ì †bZv mnÕ (eYx BmivCj 71)

Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq KwZcq mvjvd (Qv‡jnxb) †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, �7K;G F�;�NZ7� pq;�;� @-;TCU7\@� @��@�;TN�� SO7\@� F'FJ;%;%@P n@�E�� 0S ;U m�� @5C(7 ;� ;'S ;#;�h

ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Rb¨ GUvB m‡e©v”P gh©v`v †h, Zv‡ì GKgvÎ Bgvg n‡jb gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)Õ|412 Zv‡ì‡K wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zv‡ì Bgv‡gi bv‡g WvKv n‡e|

410. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 4/95| 411. H, 3/347| 412. Zvdmxi Be‡b KvQxi 4/164|



147 147

myq~Z¡xI (849-911 wnt) wj‡L‡Qb, ;dC(7� @WCG7\@� @��@�;TN�� >�;�7MC;% ;q;�C�7� C�@% ;�@�7[ F5E�7\@� 78 ;1;%@P C'FJ7� FRF�C(7� 0S ;U m�� @5C(7 ;� ;'S ;#;�h ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ‡ì Rb¨ Gi

PvB‡Z AwaK gh©v`vc~Y© Avi wKQzB †bB| †Kbbv gynv¤§v` (Qvt) Qvov Zv‡ì Avi †Kvb Bgvg †bBÕ|413

Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j, Bgvg eyLvix Ges Bgvg Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx I Ab¨vb¨MY (Avj−vn Zv‡ì Dci ing Ki“b) Avnjyj nv`xQ‡ì‡K ÔZ¡v‡qdvn gvbQ‚ivnÕ A_©vr mvnvh¨cÖvß `j wnmv‡e AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb|414

Bgvg eyLvix I Bgvg gymwj‡gi wbf©i‡hvM¨ D¯—v` Bgvg Avngv` web wmbvb Avj-IqvwmZ¡x (int) e‡j‡Qb, Ô`ywbqv‡Z Ggb †Kvb we`ÔAvZx †bB, †h Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖwZ kÎ“Zv †cvlY K‡i bvÕ|415

Bgvg KzZvqev web mvC` AvQ-QvK¡vdx (g„t 240 wnt, eqm 90 eQi) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb Zzwg †Kvb e¨w³‡K †`L‡e †h †m Avnjyj nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ fvjevmv †cvlY K‡i ZLb (ey‡S wb‡e †h) GB e¨w³ mybœv‡Zi Dc‡i Av‡QÕ|416

nv‡dh Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) wj‡L‡Qb, Ôgymwjg, wZiwghx, bvmvC, Beby gvRvn, Beby Lyhvqgvn, Avey BqvÔjv, evhhvi cÖgyL Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i wQ‡jb| Zviv †Kvb wbw`©ó Av‡j‡gi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jb bv...Õ|417

Dc‡iv‡j−wLZ e³e¨mg~n Øviv cÖZxqgvb nÕj †h, Avn‡jnv`xQ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ nÕj `yÕwU `j-

413. Zvìxeyi ivex 2/126, 27Zg cÖKvi| 414. †`Lyb : nv‡Kg, gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ nv/2; Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx G‡K Qnxn

e‡j‡Qb (dvrûj evix, 13/293, nv/7311-Gi Aax‡b); LZ¡xe evM`v`x, gvmAvjvZzj BnwZRvR wek-kv‡dC c„t 47; mybv‡b wZiwghx, Av‡ihvZzj AvnIqvhx mn 9/47, nv/2229|

415. nv‡Kg, gvÔwidvZz Dj~wgj nv`xQ c„t 4, mb` Qnxn| 416. kvidz AvQnvwej nv`xQ, nv/143, mb` Qnxn| we —vwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ †`Lyb : Avgvi MÖš’

ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ (1/161-174)| 417. gvRg~Ô dvZvIqv 20/39-40; ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ 1/168|



(K) Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ I Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb I m¤§vwbZ gynvwÏQMY|

(L) mvjv‡d Qv‡jnxb I m¤§vwbZ gynvwÏQM‡Yi (Abymvix) Qnxn AvK¡x`vm¤úbœ Ges Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− mvaviY RbMY|

†jLK Zvi GKwU M‡elYv cÖe‡Ü kZvwaK Ijvgv‡q Bmjv‡gi D×…wZ †ck K‡i‡Qb| hviv ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K K‡qKR‡bi bvg wbgœiƒc : Bgvg gv‡jK, Bgvg kv‡dÔC, Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤j, Bgvg Bqvn&Bqv web mvC` Avj-K¡vË¡vb, Bgvg Avãyj−vn Bebyj gyeviK, Bgvg eyLvix, Bgvg gymwjg, Bgvg Ave~ vE` Avm-wmwR¯—vbx, Bgvg wZiwghx, Bgvg Beby gvRvn, Bgvg bvmvC, Bgvg AveyeKi Beby Avex kvqevn, Bgvg Ave~ vE` AvZ¡-Z¡vqvwjmx, Bgvg Avãyj−vn Bebyh hyev‡qi Avj-ûgvq`x, Bgvg Ave~ Iev‡q` Avj-K¡v‡mg web mvj−vg, Bgvg mvC` web gvbQ~i, Bgvg evK¡x web gvLjv`, Bgvg gymvÏv`, Bgvg Ave~ BÔqvjv Avj-g~wQjx, Bgvg Beby Lyhvqgvn, Bgvg hynjx, Bgvg BmnvK¡ web ivnIqvBn, gynvwÏQ evh&hvi, gynvwÏQ Bebyj gybwhi, Bgvg Beby Rvixi Z¡vevix, Bgvg myjZvb BqvK~e web BDmyd Avj-gvi©vKzkx Avj-gyRvwn` I Ab¨vb¨MY| Zv‡ì mevi Dc‡i Avj−vn ing Ki“b! G mKj Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡jgMY kZ kZ eQi c~‡e© c„w_ex †_‡K P‡j †M‡Qb|

Ave~ gvbQ~i Avãyj K¡vwni web Zv‡ni Avj-evM`v`x wmwiqv, Rvhxivn (Avie DcØxc), AvhvievBRvb, eveyj AveIqve (ga¨ ZzwK© —vb) cÖf„wZ mxgv‡š—i Awaevmx‡ì m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔZviv mK‡jB Avn‡j mybœvZ-Gi Aš—f©y³ Avn‡jnv`xQ gvhnv‡ei Dc‡i Av‡QbÕ|418

Ave~ Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` web Avngv` Bebyj evbœv Avj-wekvix Avj-gvK¡‡`mx (g„t 380 wnt) gyjZvb m¤c‡K© e‡j‡Qb, 'J�G�K% :� 'G�bZ� -TU

��h ÔZv‡ì gvhnve nÕj Zviv AwaKvsk AvQnveyj nv`xQÕ|419

418. DQ‚jyÏxb c„t 317| 419. AvnmvbyZ ZvK¡vmxg dx gvÔwidvwZj AvK¡vjxg, c„t 481|



149 149

1867 mv‡j †Ìe›` gvìvmv ïi“i gva¨‡g †Ìe›`x wdiK¡vi m~Pbv n‡q‡Q| Avi †eªjfx wdiK¡vi cÖwZôvZv Avngv` †ihv Lvb †eªjfx 1856 mv‡ji Ry‡b Rb¥MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb|

1. †Ìe›`x I †eªjfx wdiK¡v `yÕwUi R‡b¥i eû c~‡e© kvqL gynv¤§v` dv‡Li web gynv¤§v` Bqvn&Bqv web gynv¤§v` Avgxb Avj-AveŸvmx Avm-mvjvdx Gjvnvev`x (1164 wnt/1751Bs) ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv| eis KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi `jxjmg~‡ni Dc‡i Avgj Ki‡Zb Ges wb‡R BRwZnv` Ki‡Zb|420

2. kvqL gynv¤§v` nvqvZ web Beivnxg Avm-wmÜx Avj-gv`vbx (1163 wnt/1750Bs) ZvK¡jx` Ki‡Zb bv Ges wZwb Avgj wej-nv`xQ Z_v nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i Avg‡ji cÖe³v wQ‡jb|

gynv¤§v` nvqvZ wmÜx, gynv¤§v` dv‡Li Gjvnvev`x Ges Avãyi ingvb gyeviKcyix wZbRb m¤ú‡K© gv÷vi Avgxb DKvoex [bvwfi bx‡P nvZ euvavi nv`x‡Qi Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½] wj‡L‡Qb, ÔGB wZb Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− e¨ZxZ †Kvb nvbvdx, kv‡dÔC, gv‡jKx, nv¤jx GUv‡K †jL‡Ki fzjI e‡jbwbÕ|421

3. Aveyj nvmvb gynv¤§v` web Avãyj nv`x Avm-wmÜx Avj-Kvexi (g„t 1141 wnt/1729 Bs) m¤c‡K© Avgxb DKvoex wj‡L‡Qb, Ôg~jZt GB Aveyj nvmvb wmÜx Mv‡qi gyK¡vwj− wQ‡jbÕ|422

Gme D×…wZ wn›`y —v‡bi Dc‡i Bs‡iR‡ì `Lj`vwiZ¡ Kv‡q‡gi eû c~‡e©i| GRb¨ Avcwb hv‡ì KvQ †_‡K GUv ï‡b‡Qb †h, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQMY Bs‡iR‡ì Avg‡j m„wó n‡q‡Q, Gi Av‡M G‡ì †Kvb bvg-MÜ wQj bvÕ m¤ú~Y© wg_¨v I Acev`|

ikx` Avngv` jywaqvbex †Ìe›`x wj‡L‡Qb, ÔKvQvKvwQ wØZxq-Z…Zxq wnRix kZ‡K nKcš’x‡ì gv‡S kvLv-cÖkvLvMZ gvmAvjv mg~‡ni 420. †`Lyb : byhnvZzj LvIqvwZi, 6/351; ZvnKxKx gvK¡vjvZ 2/58| 421. ZvRvwj−qv‡Z Qdì 2/243, Av‡iv †`Lyb : H 5/355| 422. H, 6/44|



mgvavbK‡í m„ó gZ‡f‡ì †cÖw¶‡Z cuvPwU gZev` cÖwZwôZ nq| A_©vr Pvi gvhnve I Avn‡jnv`xQ| ZrKvjxb mgq †_‡K A`¨vewa D³ cuvPwU ZixKvi g‡a¨B nK mxgve× i‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b Kiv nqÕ|423

GB Dw³‡Z jywaqvbex Qv‡ne Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì cÖvPxb nIqv, Bs‡iR‡ì Avg‡ji eû c~‡e© †_‡K we`¨gvb _vKv Ges nKcš’x nIqv ¯xKvi K‡i‡Qb|

nvRx Bg`v`yj−vn gv°xi iƒcK Ljxdv gynv¤§v` AvbIqvi“j−vn dviƒK¡x ÔdhxjZ R½Õ wj‡L‡Qb, Ôe¯‘Zt mKj Qvnvex Avn‡jnv`xQ wQ‡jbÕ|424

gynv¤§v` Bìxm KvÜjex †Ìe›`x wj‡L‡Qb, ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ †Zv wQ‡jb mKj QvnvexÕ|425

Avgvi c¶ †_‡K mKj †Ìe›`x I †eªjfxi wbKU wRÁvmv, Ebwesk ev wesk Cmvqx kZ‡Ki (A_v©r Bs‡iR‡ì wn›`y —vb `L‡ji Avgj) c~‡e© wK †Ìe›`x ev †eªjfx gZev‡ì gvbyl we`¨gvb wQj? hw` _v‡K ZvnÕ‡j †mªd GKwU Qnxn I ¯úó D×„wZ †ck Ki“K| Avi hw` bv †_‡K _v‡K ZvnÕ‡j cÖgvwYZ nÕj †h, †eªjfx I †Ìe›`x gvhnve DfqwUB wn›`y —v‡bi Dci Bs‡iR‡ì `Lj`vwiZ¡ Kv‡q‡gi c‡i m„ó| Agv ÔAvjvqbv Bj−vj evjvM|

(14B †deª“qvix 2012Bs)|

\ mgvß \

�� ±�?�D#� l�� 8P 5�P 8 O� �J�� ±�)²� 'J �� T�#�(�P -6=3 �t��6�� ?�� 'J ��-"!� 16M� 16� *%$) �� h

423. Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv 1/316| 424. nvK¡xK¡vZzj wdK¡n, 2q LÊ (KivPx : B`vivZzj KyiAvb Iqvj Dj~g Avj-Bmjvwgqvn),

c„t 228| 425. BRwZnv` AvIi ZvK¡jx` Kx †ewgQvj ZvnKxK, c„t 48|



151 151

eB‡qi bvg †jL‡Ki bvg 01

Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb: DrcwË I µgweKvk; `w¶Y Gwkqvi †cÖw¶Zmn (W±‡iU w_wmm) gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje

02 mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 03 bex‡`i Kvwnbx-1-2 gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 04 Zvdmxi“j KziAvb- 30Zg cviv gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 05 QvjvZzi ivm~j gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 06 w`M`k©b-1 gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 07 ag©wbi‡c¶Zvev` gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 08 wdiK¡v bvwRqvn gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 09 wRnv` I wK¡Zvj gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 10 Rxeb `k©b gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 11 Aviex K¡v‡q`v gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 12 Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb wK I †Kb? gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 13 gxjv` cÖm½ gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 14 k‡eeivZ gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 15 n¾ I Igivn gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 16 D`vË AvnŸvb gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 17 AvK¡x`v Bmjvwgqvn gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 18 Bbmv‡b Kv‡gj gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 19 gvmv‡q‡j Kzievbx I AvK¡xK¡v gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 20 wnsmv I AnsKvi gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 21 ˆbwZK wfwË I cÖ —vebv gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 22 nv`x‡Qi cÖvgvwYKZv gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 23 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 24 Avk~iv‡q gynviig I Avgv‡`i KiYxq gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 25 mgvR wec−‡ei aviv gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 26 ZvjvK I Zvnjxj gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 27 wZbwU gZev` gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 28 `vIqvZ I wRnv` gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje

Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ cÖKvwkZ eB mg~n



29 Qwe I g~wZ© gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 30 Bmjvgx †LjvdZ I †bZ…Z¡ wbe©vPb gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 31 we`ÔAvZ n‡Z mveavb Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web evh (Abyt) 32 GKwU c‡Îi RIqve Avãyj−v‡nj Kvdx Avj-†Kvivqkx 33 RvMiYx Avj-†niv wkíx‡Mvôx 34 mvwnwZ¨K gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx †kL AvLZvi †nv‡mb 35 Salatur Rasool (sm) Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib

36 Ahle hadeeth movement What & Why? Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib

37 Interest Shah Muhammad Habibur Rahman

38 Amxg mËvi AvnŸvb idxK Avngv` 39 Avj−vn ¶gvkxj idxK Avngv` 40 bqwU cÖ‡kœi DËi gynv¤§v` bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx (Abyt) 41 wKZve I mybœv‡Zi w`‡K wd‡i Pj Avjx Lvkvb (Abyt) 42 m~ kvn gynv¤§v` nvexeyi ingvb 43 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b weR‡qi ¯iƒc bv‡Qi web †mvjvqgvb Avj-Igi (Abyt) 44 AvK¡x`v‡q gynv¤§v`x gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx 45 Qnxn& wKZvey †`vÔAv gynv¤§v` b~i“j Bmjvg 46 a‡g© evovevwo Avãyj Mvddvi nvmvb (Abyt) 47 ˆah© : ¸i“Z¡ I Zvrch© W. gynv¤§v` Kvexi“j Bmjvg 48 ga¨cš’v : ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv W. gynv¤§v` Kvexi“j Bmjvg 49 nv`x‡Qi Mí M‡elYv wefvM, nv. dv. ev. 50 M‡íi gva¨‡g Ávb M‡elYv wefvM, nv. dv. ev. 51 †h mKj nvivg †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv DwPZ gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (Abyt) 52 wkïi evsjv wk¶v kvgmyj Avjg 53 Bnmvb Bjvnx hnxi b~i“j Bmjvg 54 Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg hyev‡qi Avjx hvC (Abyt) 55 †bZ…‡Z¡i †gvn gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (Abyt) 56 gybvwdKx gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (Abyt) 57 mv‡o 16 gv‡mi Kviv¯§„wZ gynv¤§v` b~i“j Bmjvg 58 Rxe‡bi mdim~Px (cÖPvicÎ) 59 Qvjv‡Zi ci cwVZe¨ †`vÔAv mg~n (cÖPvicÎ)


GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg boishishto… · 2 Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg 2 cKvkK nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb...

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Transcript of GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg boishishto… · 2 Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU ˆewkó¨MZ bvg 2 cKvkK nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb...