Ilmu Penyakit ParasiterKutu dan Pinjal

Laboratorium Parasitologi Veteriner

FKH Universitas Brawijaya

Topics

Shiponaptera Ptirapthera

SIPHONAPTERA

PATOLOGI

Efek gigitan bervariasiiritation, rash, bleeding

Blood loss, infestasi berat menyebabkankekurangan zat besi pd hewan muda

Inflamasi, pruritus, hewan menggarukdan menggigit

Flea-bite alergic dermatitis

C felis dan Pulex irritans Dipylidium caninum

Flea also vektor dr viral dan bakteriplaque dan tularemia

Ctenocephalides felis Ctenocephalides canis

Ctenocephalides sp

Host : lebih bnyk di kucing drpd anjing

Predileksi : kulit dan rambut

• Patogenesa• 1 pinjal 13,6 µl= 72 pinjal 1 mL/hari

• Infestasi berat mengarah pada iron deficiency anemia

• Flea alergic dermatitis paling sering pd anjing dan kucing.. Cirinya intense pruritus and reddening of the skin, itching persisting up to 5 days

• Kerontokan rambut akibat sering menjilat

• Restleness, irritability, weight loss

• HI Diphylidium caninum

• Dpt mentransmisi antar kucing bakteri Bartonellahenselae cat scratch disease pada manusia

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Spilopsyllus cuniculi

Spilopsyllus cuniculi

• Host : Dapat ditemukan pd anjing dan kucing yg sering berburu kelinci

• Patologi :

• iritasi, kerusakan jaringan

• Vektor utama myxomatosis pd kelinci

• Transmit non pathogen : Trypanosoma nabiasi

Echinopaga galinacea

Echinopaga galinacea

• Sticktight flea (very serious)• Host : burung dan unggas, mamalia

lain• Epid : tropis dan subtropis• Gx : iritasi, blood loss,

anemia,kematian, infeksi bakteri, bb turun , prod telur turun, ulser matahingga buta (parasit terkonsentrasi di kepala

• Tidak transmit penyakit infeksius

Pulex irritans

Pulex irritans

• Host : Dpt menyerang kucing, anjing dan hewan domestik lain , sering ditemukan di babi

• Predileksi : Terdistribusi ke seluruh bagiantubuh

• Epid : dpt ditemukan diseluruh bagiandunia

Xenopsylla cheopis

Xenopsylla cheopis

• Host : rat, mice, rabbit, squirrel

• Epid : worldwide

• Kepentingan :

• Vektor Yersinia pestis plague and murine typhus pada manusia

• HI helminth Hymenolepis diminuta, H. nana

PHTHIRAPTERA

PATOLOGI

• Heavy louse infestation pediculosis

• Lice vector human diseases typhus and louse-borne relapsing fever

• Haematopinus suis pox virus

• Cattle lice ricketsial anaplamosis

• Pruritus, alopecia, excoriation, self-wounding

• Lethargy, bb turun, prod turun, anemia

• Jumlah meningkat pd saat akhir musim gugur dan sepanjang musim dingin

• More common in cattle reduced vigour and weight loss anemic, predisposisi of respiratory disease, abortion, death

Menachantus stramineus Menopon galli

Cuclotogaster Lipeurus caponis

Gonides gigas Goniocotes gallinae

Menacanthus stramineus

• Host : unggas

• Most common and destructive louse

• Lice eat bard and barbules of the feathers

• Predileksi : dada, paha, sekitar kloaka, sayap dan bag lain (infestasiberat)

• Severe irritation, skin inflamation, localised scabs and blood clots, restless, weight loss and death in young animal

Menopon gallinae

• Predileksi : body feather shafts, thigh and breast

• Feeds on part of the feather

• Rarely severe pathogen

• Doesn’t infest young bird until they are weel feathered

Cuclotogaster heteographus

• Chicken head louse

• Feed on tissue debris

• Young bird pathogenic and fatal

• Become weak, droopy and die within a month

Lipeurus caponis

Umum di ayam dan unggas lain di seluruh dunia

Dibawah sayap dan ekor

Usually slight in healthy animal

Restlessness, irritation, general unthriftiness

• Goniodes dissimilis, G gigasOccur small number

• Goniocotes gallinae sedkikit patogen… high infestation cause restlessness, damaged plumage and weight loss

Bovicola (Damalinia) sp.Haematopinus sp.

Linognatus vituli

Bovicola sp

Patogenesa

• Light infestation little damage or cronicdermatitis

• Heavy infestation intense irritation, pruritus, excoriation, alopecia

• Feed by scraping away scurf and skin debris from base of the hair irritation

• Skin reaction hair loosen and cattle react by rubbing and scratching infeksisekunder

• B. ovis can spread over the entire body

• Irritation, restlessness, interupted feeding and loss of condition, rubbing, scratcingand bitting of affected area

• B equimost common in horse

• Pred : head, mane, base of tail and shoulder

• Feed on the most superficial layers of skin and exudate resulting from their irritant effect

• Skin irritation, itching, rough coat, skin infection, loss of hair. Vector of equine infectious anaemia

Haematopinus sp.

• Irritate their host taking small but frequient blood meal, puncture skin at different place

• H. suis babi

• H. asini horse

• H. eurysternus cattle

• H. quadripertusus zebu cattle, Bos indicus

• Patologi : anemia, weight loss,

loss of vitality and appetite

Linognathus sp.

• L ovillus (face louse) L pedalis (foot louse)

• Rub and sctrach cronic dermatitis constant irritation,rubbingand biting

• Feed blood anemia

• L pedallis can survive several day off the host

• Epid : L ovilus worldwide, L pedalis USA, south america, south afica and australasia

• L. vituli cattle (dairy cow)

• L setosus dogs (long ears bread)

Felicola subrostata

Felicola subrostata

• Common on cat

• Commonly occur on face, back and pinnae

• Cause a dull, ruffed coat, scalling, crusts and alopecia

Trichodectes canis

Trichodectes canis

• Harmfull on dogs

• Predileksi : Found on head, neck and tail

• Patogenesa:

• Feed on tissue debris

• Highly active. Intense irritation

pruritus, scrathing, biting, sleeplessness, nervousness, matted coat

• Skin inflamation, excoriation, alopecia, bakteri sekunder

• HI Dypylidium caninum

SIKLUS HIDUPpinjal

kutu

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Pencegahan dan

Pengendalian

• Sanitasi dan Desinfeksi

• Mekanik : membersihan lingkungan, menyedotkarpet

• Kimiawi : penggunaan insektisida, golonganorganofosfat, karbamat, pirethrin sinergis, pirethtroid

• DDT, Diazinon 2% dan Malathion 5% penggunaanrepellent (misalnya, diethyl toluamide dan benzyl benzoate)

• Memberikan obat kutu secara rutin (spot on)

• Pengendalian terhadap hewan pengerat(rodent).

Pengobatan

• Pengobatan dilakukan dengan obat anti kutu.

• Obat anti kutu hanya membunuh pinjaldewasa shg perlu pengulangan

• Injeksi : ivermectin, doramectin

• Spot on : selamectin,

• Shampoo

• Kalung antikutu

FINISH