Institut für Informatik (IIT-HSG)...2018/10/23 · Damian Borth –Artificial Intelligence &...

Damian Borth – Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning Lab 1

Mythen über Künstliche Intelligenz -Warum wir KI nicht fürchten müssen

Institut für Informatik (IIT-HSG)

Prof. Dr. Damian BorthArtificial Intelligence & Machine Learning Lab

University of St. Gallen (HSG)


Artificial Intelligence Momentum

Times, 17.Sep 2018: Summary of WEF Report


Artificial Intelligence MomentumCIO magazine June 2018



Artificial Intelligence MomentumCIO magazine June 2018


Deutsche Welle16.May 2018


Die Informatik und der Algorithmus


6 Verschiedene Blickwinkel

SPON, 5.Juni 2018


Verschiedene Blickwinkel


Bedarf an KI Experten in Deutschland: 5,000Quelle: Handelsblatt, März 2017



Weltweites Angebot an KI Experten: 22,000Quelle: Bloomberg & Element AI, Jan. 2018

Bedarf an KI Experten in Deutschland: 5,000Quelle: Handelsblatt, März 2017



Algorithmen

https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/de/themen/aktuelle-meldungen/2018/mai/deutschland-noch-nicht-in-der-algorithmischen-welt-angekommen/

10

May 2018


Algorithmen


11


Algorithmen


12


Algorithmen


13


Algorithmen

Hampton C. Gabler,Air Bag Deployment Algorithm

Ann Adv Automot Med. 2008; 52: 175–184.Excel Algorithmus zur Sortierung


Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) – Was ist das?


Starke und Schwache Künstliche Intelligenz

Russel, S., Norvig, P.: Artificial Intelligence –A Modern Approach, Prentice Hall, 2009


Starke und Schwache Künstliche Intelligenz

Russel, S., Norvig, P.: Artificial Intelligence –A Modern Approach, Prentice Hall, 2009

Starke Künstliche Intelligenz

• KI im philosophischen Sinne• Maschinen, die sich ihrer selbst bewusst werden

Schwache Künstliche Intelligenz

• KI im Ingenieur-technischen Sinne• Maschinen, die von außen intelligent erscheinen


Terminologie

Künstliche Intelligenz


Terminologie

Plannung WissensRepräsentation Schließen Maschinelles Lernen



Terminologie

Deep LearningKernel AnsätzeProbab.Ansätze

Plannung WissensRepräsentation Schließen Maschinelles Lernen



Deep Learning – Neuronale Netze


Was sind die drei Zutaten für Neuronalen Netzen

+ +


Deep Autoencoder

Reinforcement Learning

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) & Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM)

Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN)

Neural Networks (NN)

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)

+ +Architektur



Parameter+ +

AlexNet 2012: Image Understanding

Architektur



“dog”

?

error / correct?

Parameter+ + Modell TrainingArchitektur



“dog”

“cat”

error

Architektur Parameter+ +


Modell Training


“dog”

“dog”

correct



Modell Training


“dog”

correct

“dog”



Modell Training


“cow”

correct

Model

“dog”

“dog”

correct



Modell Training


“?”

Model

Model

“dog”

correct

“dog”



Modell Training


“cow”

correct

“dog”

Model

Model A

“dog”

correct

“dog”



Modell Training


Anwendungen der KI und Auswirkung auf die Gesellschaft


März, 2016

Sichtbare Erfolge


(Leider) Wenig sichtbare Erfolge


Selbstfahrende Fahrzeuge

V. Badrinarayanan eta l., "SegNet: A Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Architecture for Robust Semantic Pixel-Wise Labelling”, arXiv preprint arXiv:1505.07293, 2015.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxanE_W46ts

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxanE_W46ts


Industrie 4.0


Gesellschaftliche Verantwortung


Künstliche Intelligenz braucht reflektiertes Forschen

Financial Times, 9. Sep 2018


Financial Times, 9. Sep 2018

The Economist, 10. Sep 2018



Financial Times, 9. Sep 2018 New York Times, 17. Oct 2018

The Economist, 10. Sep 2018



Several articles are relevant, including Articles 13-15, 21 and 35. We cite Article 22 on "Automated individual decision-making, including profiling.: "The data subject shall have the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her."European Law - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

Aktuelle Initiativen in diesem Bereich



"To ensure every stakeholder involved in the design and development of autonomous and intelligent systems is educated, trained, and empowered to prioritize ethical considerations so that these technologies are advanced for the benefit of humanity.Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)





"The ISO committee setup the following structure for AI Standardization to deal with: (1) foundational standards working group, (2) computational approaches and characteristics of artificial intelligence systems study group, (3) trustworthiness study groupInternational Standards Organization ISO - JTC 1 - SC42.



Several articles are relevant, including Articles 13-15, 21 and 35. We cite Article 22 on "Automated individual decision-making, including profiling.: "The data subject shall have the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her."

European Law - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

"To ensure every stakeholder involved in the design and development of autonomous and intelligent systems is educated, trained, and empowered to prioritize ethical considerations so that these technologies are advanced for the benefit of humanity.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

"The ISO committee setup the following structure for AI Standardization to deal with: (1) foundational standards working group, (2) computational approaches and characteristics of artificial intelligence systems study group, (3) trustworthiness study group

International Standards Organization ISO - JTC 1 - SC42.

"The aim of the Centre is to enhance understanding of the risk-benefit duality of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics... The main outcome of the above initiative will be that all stakeholders, including policy makers and governmental officials, possess improved knowledge and understanding of both the risks and benefits of such technologies and that they commence discussion on these risks and potential solutions in an appropriate and balanced manner.”

UN Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics



The AI HLEG support the implementation of the European strategy on AI. This will include the elaboration of recommendations on future AI-related policy development and on ethical, legal and societal issues related to AI, including socio-economic challenges.European AI High Level Expert Group




"The aim of the Centre is to enhance understanding of the risk-benefit duality of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics... The main outcome of the above initiative will be that all stakeholders, including policy makers and governmental officials, possess improved knowledge and understanding of both the risks and benefits of such technologies and that they commence discussion on these risks and potential solutions in an appropriate and balanced manner.”UN Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics







"Fair, Transparent, and Accountable AI”. Consider Statement 5: Social and Societal Influences of AI including potential influences on privacy, democracy, criminal justice, and human rights.Partnership on AI








"Fair, Transparent, and Accountable AI”. Consider Statement 5: Social and Societal Influences of AI including potential influences on privacy, democracy, criminal justice, and human rights.Partnership on AIThe AI Now Institute is an interdisciplinary research center dedicated to understanding the social implications of artificial intelligence. The institute focuses on four core domains: Rights & Liberties, Labor & Automation, Bias & Inclusion and Safety & Critical Infrastructure.AI Now Institute




The AI HLEG support the implementation of the European strategy on AI. This will include the elaboration of recommendations on future AI-related policy development and on ethical, legal and societal issues related to AI, including socio-economic challenges.

European AI High Level Expert Group

Several articles are relevant, including Articles 13-15, 21 and 35. We cite Article 22 on "Automated individual decision-making, including profiling.: "The data subject shall have the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her."

European Law - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

"To ensure every stakeholder involved in the design and development of autonomous and intelligent systems is educated, trained, and empowered to prioritize ethical considerations so that these technologies are advanced for the benefit of humanity.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

"The ISO committee setup the following structure for AI Standardization to deal with: (1) foundational standards working group, (2) computational approaches and characteristics of artificial intelligence systems study group, (3) trustworthiness study group

International Standards Organization ISO - JTC 1 - SC42.

"Fair, Transparent, and Accountable AI”. Consider Statement 5: Social and Societal Influences of AI including potential influences on privacy, democracy, criminal justice, and human rights.

Partnership on AI

The AI Now Institute is an interdisciplinary research center dedicated to understanding the social implications of artificial intelligence. The institute focuses on four core domains: Rights & Liberties, Labor & Automation, Bias & Inclusion and Safety & Critical Infrastructure.

AI Now Institute

An "AI bot" is not allowed to communicate or interact with another human person in California online with the intent to mislead the other person about its artificial identity for the purpose of knowingly deceiving the person about the content of the communication in order to incentivize a purchase or sale of goods or services in a commercial transaction or to influence a vote in an election.

California Government - Senate Bill No. 1001.

"The aim of the Centre is to enhance understanding of the risk-benefit duality of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics... The main outcome of the above initiative will be that all stakeholders, including policy makers and governmental officials, possess improved knowledge and understanding of both the risks and benefits of such technologies and that they commence discussion on these risks and potential solutions in an appropriate and balanced manner.”

UN Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics







"Fair, Transparent, and Accountable AI”. Consider Statement 5: Social and Societal Influences of AI including potential influences on privacy, democracy, criminal justice, and human rights.Partnership on AI

The AI Now Institute is an interdisciplinary research center dedicated to understanding the social implications of artificial intelligence. The institute focuses on four core domains: Rights & Liberties, Labor & Automation, Bias & Inclusion and Safety & Critical Infrastructure.AI Now Institute

An "AI bot" is not allowed to communicate or interact with another human person in California online with the intent to mislead the other person about its artificial identity for the purpose of knowingly deceiving the person about the content of the communication in order to incentivize a purchase or sale of goods or services in a commercial transaction or to influence a vote in an election.California Government - Senate Bill No. 1001.




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Institut für Informatik (IIT-HSG)...2018/10/23 · Damian Borth –Artificial Intelligence &...

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