The Core Vocabulary of Romance Plurilingualism
293
Franz-Joseph Meißner The Core Vocabulary of Romance Plurilingualism French and Italian word lists GiF:on Giessener Fremdsprachendidaktik:online 18.1 GIESSEN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY PUBLICATIONS 2021
Transcript of The Core Vocabulary of Romance Plurilingualism
The Core Vocabulary of Romance PlurilingualismGiF:on
GIESSENER FREMDSPRACHENDIDAKTIK: ONLINE 18.1
Franz-Joseph Meißner
GIESSEN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY PUBLICATIONS
Die deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie. Detaillierte bibliografische Angaben sind im Internet unter http://www.dnb.de abrufbar.
Diese Veröffentlichung ist im Internet unter folgender Creative-Commons-Lizenz publiziert: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/4.0
URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:26-opus-160344
URL: http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2021/16034/
Preliminary remark (French list)
The following two volumes comprise all the French and Italian (vol. 1) and all the
Portuguese and Spanish lemmas of the CVRP inventory (vol. 2).
As already described in other publications, the Core Vocabulary of Romance
Plurilingalism is an electronical database that primarily collects the most frequent
French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish words with a frequency rank up to 5,000.
The lemmas’ serial arrangement explains that a certain proportion goes beyond this
benchmark. The CVRP’s pedagogic purpose justifies why the Romance lemmas have
been supplemented with their English and German equivalents. The CVRP’s macro-
structure is designed to foster plurilingual reading competence. According to the
intercomprehension based learning approach, the CVRP’s micro-structure visibly
links the learners’ previous relevant vocabulary knowledge with the words yet to
acquire. For this, the serial arrangement of the equivalents seems particularly
appropriate.
The EuroComDidact ToGo app, which is supported by the database, takes up this
structure.
The tableau shows the exercise structure for “target=French”. Another choice
creates another arrangement. “Target=plurilingualism” distributes the blanks
between alternating target languages. Users can make their choice about the target
Table 1:Serial variation concerning the equivalents of ‘bird’
Table 2: Extrait of the app with French as target language
French word list
2
language(s) and the language of guidance as well. In addition, the homepage
www.eurocomdidact.eu provides didactic advice about how to learn with the app.
For further information go to Meißner 2018, 2016 or to www.eurocomdidact.eu.
Listing principles
The construction of the plurilingual database demanded to strictly respect letter
sequences that lead to distinguish between minimal graphic divergences:
Table 3: The root affect gives 7 entries
The necessity of connecting semantic equivalents in series inevitably implies a kind
of lemmatic redundancy due to polysemy or homophony (see fr. oiseau in table 1).
Pedagogically speaking, such redundancy is legitimated by mnemotechnical reasons.
Nevertheless, such redundant listings are dissolved in the interligalex selection
(whose publication is scheduled for 2022 at the latest).
Lists
In principle, the alphabetical list comprises all the CVRP lemmas of a target language,
but there are some exemptions. Such exceptions concern (1) toponyms (whose
marker is T; 125 occurrences for French). Toponyms are significantly more frequent
in a certain culture and language than in another one (see the noun Mabusien
‘inhabitant of the town of Maubeuge in the north of France), (2) numbers (24),
recent borrowings from English very differently recorded in the source lists (17).
The frequency interval lists (freq. int. <2000, freq. int. <5000, freq. int. >5000)
respond to the central pedagogic idea that the most useful words of a foreign
language are the most important ones as well, as Nation (2006) recently put it.
Although the most frequent words do not necessarily elucidate a special subject
dealt with in a concrete text (the knowledge of such key-words is indispensable for
grasping a message in-depth), without knowing such highly frequent words the
comprehension of the texts remains vague.
Lemmas appearing in different series are duplicates. Their number can indicate a
polysemous spread, which can be relevant for exercice construction.
The different listings can be helpful to construct exercises in accordance to frequency
criteria.
The serial listing (table 2) is exclusively available in the app EuroComDidact ToGo.
References Meißner, F.-J. (2018): The ‘Core Vocabulary of Romance Plurilingualism’ (the CVRP-Project). In:
Ambrosch-Baroua, Tina & Kropp, Amina & Müller-Lancé, Johannes (Hrsg.): Mehrsprachigkeit und
Ökonomie. München: Open Access LMU, 91-106.
https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40299/
lexikologische, lexikographische Überlegungen zu Erstellung, Präsentation, Anwendungen einer
elektronischen Mehrsprachenwortliste und von Lernapps zur romanischen Mehrsprachigkeit.
(GiF:on 7), https://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2016/11950/
Meißner, F.-J. (2013): Short-presentation of the app ACQUIRING THE CORE VOCABULARY OF
ROMANCE PLURILINGUALISM: FRENCH, ITALIAN, PORTUGUESE, SPANISH. Short-
presentation_app_CoreVoc-experts_190711.pdf (eurocomdidact.eu)
Nation, I.S. Paul (2006): How large a vocabulary is needed for reading and listening? In: Canadian
Modern Language Review 63, 59-82.
Listing principles ...................................................................................................... 2
Frequency interval list (2 T-5 T) .................................................................................90
Frequency interval list (> 5 T) ..................................................................................113
Lemmas in different series ......................................................................................131
Frequency interval list (2 T-5 T) ...............................................................................225
Frequency interval list (5 T-7 T) ...............................................................................245
Frequency interval list (> 7 T) ..................................................................................255
Lemmas in different series ......................................................................................275
BESTIAL
BETAIL
BÊTE
BETISE
BETON
BEURRE
BIAIS
DIX-HUITIEME SIECLE
HABITUDE (D'~)
RETRANCHER
RETRAVAILLER
RETRECIR
RETRIBUER
RETROCEDER
RETROCESSION
RETROUVER
RÉUNION
NON PLUS
VOLONTE (A ~)
HABITUDE (D'~)
RETROUVER
RÉUNION
BESTIAL
BETISE
BIBERON
BIBLE
BIBLIOGRAPHIE
BIBLIQUE
BIENNAL
BIFTECK
BILLETERIE
BIOGRAPHIE
BLAGUER
BLANCHISSERIE
BLED
BLOQUE
BOBARD
131
133
135
137
139
141
Preliminary remark (Italian List)
As the presentation of the French list has already given fundamental information
about the CVRP word lists in general, further remarks can be kept short. To obtain
more information, go to the French word list.
Whereas the CVPR’s electronic source lists for the French, Portuguese and Spanish
collections comprise the Routledge frequency dictionaries, the Italian CVRP glossary
reverts to the Lemmi di frequenza superiore a due (pp. 171-400) and to La lista
integrale in ordine d’uso (rango di frequanza 1-5000) of the De Mauro and his team’s
Lessico di frequenza dell’Italiano parlato (LFIP). “Questa (prima) lista contiene
informazioni su 7.213 lemmi con almeno tre occorrenze e sulle 20.388 forme ad essi
relative.” (171)
Differently from the Routledge lists, the LFIP, especially La lista integrale, provides
information beyond the benchmark of frequency rank 5000. Therefore, a list 5000-
7000 was created.
211
ASSISTERE
ASSOCIAZIONE
ASSOLUTAMENTE
ASSOLUTO
ASSUMERE
ATTACCARE
ATTACCATO
ATTENTO
ATTENZIONE
ATTESA
ATTIMO
ATTIVITÀ
ATTO/ATTI
ATTORE
ATTUALE
ATTUALITÀ
AUGURARE
AUGURIO
AULA
AUMENTARE
AUMENTO
AUTOMATICAMENTE
AUTONOMA
AUTONOMIA
AUTORE
AUTORITÀ
AUTORIZZAZIONE
AVANTI
213
CONSENTIRE
CONSERVARE
CONSIDERARE
CONSIDERAZIONE
CONSIGLIARE
CONSIGLIO
CONSISTERE
CONTARE
CONTATTO
CONTEMPORANEO
CONTENERE
CONTENUTO
CONTINUAMENTE
CONTINUARE
CONTINUITÀ
CONTINUO
CONTO
CONTRADDIZIONE
CONTRARIO
CONTRATTO
CONTRIBUTO
CONTRO
CONTROLLARE
CONTROLLO
CONVEGNO
CONVENIRE
CONVENZIONE
CONVINTO
COORDINAMENTO
COPIA
COPIARE
COPRIRE
CORAGGIO
CORNICE
CORPO
CORREGGERE
CORRENTE
CORRERE
CORRETTO
CORRIERE
CORRISPONDERE
CORTESIA
CORTO
COSA
COSCIENZA
COSÌ
COSIDDETTO
COSO
COSTA
COSTARE
COSTITUIRE
COSTO
COSTRINGERE
COSTRUIRE
COSTRUZIONE
COSTUME
COSTUMI
CREARE
CREDERE
CRESCERE
CRISI
CRITICA
CRITICARE
CUCINA
CUI
215
FERMARE
FERMO
FESTA
FESTEGGIARE
FIANCO
FIDUCIA
FIGLIA
FIGLIO
FIGURA
217
LINGUISTICO
LIRA
LISTA
LIVELLO
LOCALE
LOGICA
LOGICAMENTE
LOGICO
LONTANO
LOTTA
LUCE
219
PELLICCIA
PELLICOLA
PENSARE
PENSIERO
PENSIONATO
PENSIONE
PEPE
PER
PERALTRO
PERCENTUALE
PERCHÉ
PERCIÒ
PERCORSO
PERDERE
PERFETTAMENTE
PERICOLO
PERIODO
PERLOMENO
PERMESSO
PERMESSO?
PERMETTERE
PERÒ
PERSONA
221
RIGA
RIGUARDARE
RIGUARDO
RILEGGERE
RIMANDARE
RIMANERE
RIMETTERE
RINGRAZIARE
RINNOVARE
RINUNCIARE
RIPETERE
RIPORTARE
RIPRENDERE
RIPROPORRE
RISALIRE
RISCHIARE
RISCHIO
RISENTIRE
RISOLVERE
RISPARMIARE
RISPETTARE
RISPETTO
223
SUCCEDERE
SUCCESSIVO
SUCCESSO
275
277
279
281
283
The two volumes unite all the lemmas of the Core
Vocabulary of Romance Plurilingualism. The CVRP is a
28,000-entry electronic list of French, Italian, Portuguese
and Spanish words with a frequency rank below 5000 and
their German and English equivalents. The free of charge
learning app EuroComDidact ToGo, fed by the CVRP
inventory, arranges its inventory into 9550 series of
semantic equivalents. They combine the user’s already
existing lexical knowledge with the vocabulary to be learned
…by simply comparing corresponding forms. According to
the learners’ needs, it is also possible to selectively organize
the inventory by frequency intervals, bridging and target
languages combinations or interlingual transparency
classes. Thus, the CVRP is a powerful tool for learning and
maintaining Romance plurilingualism and for analysing and
composing learning materials from a lexico-didactic point of
view as well. (For more information visit:
GIESSENER FREMDSPRACHENDIDAKTIK: ONLINE 18.1
Franz-Joseph Meißner
GIESSEN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY PUBLICATIONS
Die deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie. Detaillierte bibliografische Angaben sind im Internet unter http://www.dnb.de abrufbar.
Diese Veröffentlichung ist im Internet unter folgender Creative-Commons-Lizenz publiziert: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/4.0
URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:26-opus-160344
URL: http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2021/16034/
Preliminary remark (French list)
The following two volumes comprise all the French and Italian (vol. 1) and all the
Portuguese and Spanish lemmas of the CVRP inventory (vol. 2).
As already described in other publications, the Core Vocabulary of Romance
Plurilingalism is an electronical database that primarily collects the most frequent
French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish words with a frequency rank up to 5,000.
The lemmas’ serial arrangement explains that a certain proportion goes beyond this
benchmark. The CVRP’s pedagogic purpose justifies why the Romance lemmas have
been supplemented with their English and German equivalents. The CVRP’s macro-
structure is designed to foster plurilingual reading competence. According to the
intercomprehension based learning approach, the CVRP’s micro-structure visibly
links the learners’ previous relevant vocabulary knowledge with the words yet to
acquire. For this, the serial arrangement of the equivalents seems particularly
appropriate.
The EuroComDidact ToGo app, which is supported by the database, takes up this
structure.
The tableau shows the exercise structure for “target=French”. Another choice
creates another arrangement. “Target=plurilingualism” distributes the blanks
between alternating target languages. Users can make their choice about the target
Table 1:Serial variation concerning the equivalents of ‘bird’
Table 2: Extrait of the app with French as target language
French word list
2
language(s) and the language of guidance as well. In addition, the homepage
www.eurocomdidact.eu provides didactic advice about how to learn with the app.
For further information go to Meißner 2018, 2016 or to www.eurocomdidact.eu.
Listing principles
The construction of the plurilingual database demanded to strictly respect letter
sequences that lead to distinguish between minimal graphic divergences:
Table 3: The root affect gives 7 entries
The necessity of connecting semantic equivalents in series inevitably implies a kind
of lemmatic redundancy due to polysemy or homophony (see fr. oiseau in table 1).
Pedagogically speaking, such redundancy is legitimated by mnemotechnical reasons.
Nevertheless, such redundant listings are dissolved in the interligalex selection
(whose publication is scheduled for 2022 at the latest).
Lists
In principle, the alphabetical list comprises all the CVRP lemmas of a target language,
but there are some exemptions. Such exceptions concern (1) toponyms (whose
marker is T; 125 occurrences for French). Toponyms are significantly more frequent
in a certain culture and language than in another one (see the noun Mabusien
‘inhabitant of the town of Maubeuge in the north of France), (2) numbers (24),
recent borrowings from English very differently recorded in the source lists (17).
The frequency interval lists (freq. int. <2000, freq. int. <5000, freq. int. >5000)
respond to the central pedagogic idea that the most useful words of a foreign
language are the most important ones as well, as Nation (2006) recently put it.
Although the most frequent words do not necessarily elucidate a special subject
dealt with in a concrete text (the knowledge of such key-words is indispensable for
grasping a message in-depth), without knowing such highly frequent words the
comprehension of the texts remains vague.
Lemmas appearing in different series are duplicates. Their number can indicate a
polysemous spread, which can be relevant for exercice construction.
The different listings can be helpful to construct exercises in accordance to frequency
criteria.
The serial listing (table 2) is exclusively available in the app EuroComDidact ToGo.
References Meißner, F.-J. (2018): The ‘Core Vocabulary of Romance Plurilingualism’ (the CVRP-Project). In:
Ambrosch-Baroua, Tina & Kropp, Amina & Müller-Lancé, Johannes (Hrsg.): Mehrsprachigkeit und
Ökonomie. München: Open Access LMU, 91-106.
https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40299/
lexikologische, lexikographische Überlegungen zu Erstellung, Präsentation, Anwendungen einer
elektronischen Mehrsprachenwortliste und von Lernapps zur romanischen Mehrsprachigkeit.
(GiF:on 7), https://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2016/11950/
Meißner, F.-J. (2013): Short-presentation of the app ACQUIRING THE CORE VOCABULARY OF
ROMANCE PLURILINGUALISM: FRENCH, ITALIAN, PORTUGUESE, SPANISH. Short-
presentation_app_CoreVoc-experts_190711.pdf (eurocomdidact.eu)
Nation, I.S. Paul (2006): How large a vocabulary is needed for reading and listening? In: Canadian
Modern Language Review 63, 59-82.
Listing principles ...................................................................................................... 2
Frequency interval list (2 T-5 T) .................................................................................90
Frequency interval list (> 5 T) ..................................................................................113
Lemmas in different series ......................................................................................131
Frequency interval list (2 T-5 T) ...............................................................................225
Frequency interval list (5 T-7 T) ...............................................................................245
Frequency interval list (> 7 T) ..................................................................................255
Lemmas in different series ......................................................................................275
BESTIAL
BETAIL
BÊTE
BETISE
BETON
BEURRE
BIAIS
DIX-HUITIEME SIECLE
HABITUDE (D'~)
RETRANCHER
RETRAVAILLER
RETRECIR
RETRIBUER
RETROCEDER
RETROCESSION
RETROUVER
RÉUNION
NON PLUS
VOLONTE (A ~)
HABITUDE (D'~)
RETROUVER
RÉUNION
BESTIAL
BETISE
BIBERON
BIBLE
BIBLIOGRAPHIE
BIBLIQUE
BIENNAL
BIFTECK
BILLETERIE
BIOGRAPHIE
BLAGUER
BLANCHISSERIE
BLED
BLOQUE
BOBARD
131
133
135
137
139
141
Preliminary remark (Italian List)
As the presentation of the French list has already given fundamental information
about the CVRP word lists in general, further remarks can be kept short. To obtain
more information, go to the French word list.
Whereas the CVPR’s electronic source lists for the French, Portuguese and Spanish
collections comprise the Routledge frequency dictionaries, the Italian CVRP glossary
reverts to the Lemmi di frequenza superiore a due (pp. 171-400) and to La lista
integrale in ordine d’uso (rango di frequanza 1-5000) of the De Mauro and his team’s
Lessico di frequenza dell’Italiano parlato (LFIP). “Questa (prima) lista contiene
informazioni su 7.213 lemmi con almeno tre occorrenze e sulle 20.388 forme ad essi
relative.” (171)
Differently from the Routledge lists, the LFIP, especially La lista integrale, provides
information beyond the benchmark of frequency rank 5000. Therefore, a list 5000-
7000 was created.
211
ASSISTERE
ASSOCIAZIONE
ASSOLUTAMENTE
ASSOLUTO
ASSUMERE
ATTACCARE
ATTACCATO
ATTENTO
ATTENZIONE
ATTESA
ATTIMO
ATTIVITÀ
ATTO/ATTI
ATTORE
ATTUALE
ATTUALITÀ
AUGURARE
AUGURIO
AULA
AUMENTARE
AUMENTO
AUTOMATICAMENTE
AUTONOMA
AUTONOMIA
AUTORE
AUTORITÀ
AUTORIZZAZIONE
AVANTI
213
CONSENTIRE
CONSERVARE
CONSIDERARE
CONSIDERAZIONE
CONSIGLIARE
CONSIGLIO
CONSISTERE
CONTARE
CONTATTO
CONTEMPORANEO
CONTENERE
CONTENUTO
CONTINUAMENTE
CONTINUARE
CONTINUITÀ
CONTINUO
CONTO
CONTRADDIZIONE
CONTRARIO
CONTRATTO
CONTRIBUTO
CONTRO
CONTROLLARE
CONTROLLO
CONVEGNO
CONVENIRE
CONVENZIONE
CONVINTO
COORDINAMENTO
COPIA
COPIARE
COPRIRE
CORAGGIO
CORNICE
CORPO
CORREGGERE
CORRENTE
CORRERE
CORRETTO
CORRIERE
CORRISPONDERE
CORTESIA
CORTO
COSA
COSCIENZA
COSÌ
COSIDDETTO
COSO
COSTA
COSTARE
COSTITUIRE
COSTO
COSTRINGERE
COSTRUIRE
COSTRUZIONE
COSTUME
COSTUMI
CREARE
CREDERE
CRESCERE
CRISI
CRITICA
CRITICARE
CUCINA
CUI
215
FERMARE
FERMO
FESTA
FESTEGGIARE
FIANCO
FIDUCIA
FIGLIA
FIGLIO
FIGURA
217
LINGUISTICO
LIRA
LISTA
LIVELLO
LOCALE
LOGICA
LOGICAMENTE
LOGICO
LONTANO
LOTTA
LUCE
219
PELLICCIA
PELLICOLA
PENSARE
PENSIERO
PENSIONATO
PENSIONE
PEPE
PER
PERALTRO
PERCENTUALE
PERCHÉ
PERCIÒ
PERCORSO
PERDERE
PERFETTAMENTE
PERICOLO
PERIODO
PERLOMENO
PERMESSO
PERMESSO?
PERMETTERE
PERÒ
PERSONA
221
RIGA
RIGUARDARE
RIGUARDO
RILEGGERE
RIMANDARE
RIMANERE
RIMETTERE
RINGRAZIARE
RINNOVARE
RINUNCIARE
RIPETERE
RIPORTARE
RIPRENDERE
RIPROPORRE
RISALIRE
RISCHIARE
RISCHIO
RISENTIRE
RISOLVERE
RISPARMIARE
RISPETTARE
RISPETTO
223
SUCCEDERE
SUCCESSIVO
SUCCESSO
275
277
279
281
283
The two volumes unite all the lemmas of the Core
Vocabulary of Romance Plurilingualism. The CVRP is a
28,000-entry electronic list of French, Italian, Portuguese
and Spanish words with a frequency rank below 5000 and
their German and English equivalents. The free of charge
learning app EuroComDidact ToGo, fed by the CVRP
inventory, arranges its inventory into 9550 series of
semantic equivalents. They combine the user’s already
existing lexical knowledge with the vocabulary to be learned
…by simply comparing corresponding forms. According to
the learners’ needs, it is also possible to selectively organize
the inventory by frequency intervals, bridging and target
languages combinations or interlingual transparency
classes. Thus, the CVRP is a powerful tool for learning and
maintaining Romance plurilingualism and for analysing and
composing learning materials from a lexico-didactic point of
view as well. (For more information visit:
