Was in den letzten 7 Wochen passiert ist - Rhoen-Saale.net arbonN anoT ubes Baytubes ... Abmessungen...
Transcript of Was in den letzten 7 Wochen passiert ist - Rhoen-Saale.net arbonN anoT ubes Baytubes ... Abmessungen...
15.09.2010
1D 57482 Wenden Germany
Was in den letzten 7 Wochen passiert istElektromobilität – neueste Trends ?
Batterie oder Wasserstoff + FC
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Prof. Dr. Henning ZozZoz Group, D-57482 Wenden, Germany
CIITEC-IPN, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, C.P. 02250 México, D.F.Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
Innovationstag ElektromobilitätElektromobilität – neueste Trends
20.07.2010, Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany
kurz:Zentallium®, ZoLiBat® & H2Tank2Go®-Module
- Nanostrukturen für emissionsfreie Zukunftsmobilität -
HKP zur industriellen Herstellung von Nanostrukturen- anhand der Beispiele Gewichtseinsparung durch Zentallium®, Energiespeicherung durch
ZoLiBat® & H2Tank2Go®-Module für emissionsfreie Zukunftsmobilität
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Simoloyer, high kinetic processing device: 1-900 liters
www.zoz.de
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CarbonNanoTube
in German language: Cent
C
Z
aluminum
in German language: Aluminium
CarbonNanoTubes
Baytubes®
light weight – less material for more structural application
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direct extrusion of Zentallium® at Zoz as of 2010-08
Geometry Achievable length
Ø10mm 4,7m
Ø15mm 2m
Ø20mm 1,2m
Ø30x3mm 1,4m
20x5mm 3,7m
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ref.: PRAYON S.A., Fabrice Renard, Engis, 29.04.2009
next generation lithium batteries
advanced nanostructured materialsfor High Performance Lithium-Ion Battery
Oxygen
metal
Carbon
Lithium
discharge
charge
negative electrode postive electrodeelectrolyte
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next generation lithium batteries
ref.: HPL, Dr. Ivan Exnar, Dr. Thierry Drezen, Wenden, 26.02.2009
new Li-Mn-phosphate materialhigh performance by nanostructure
18650 prototype cell
• e. g. discharging in 10 min achieving 80% nominal capacity• safe & non-toxic• cost-effective• manufactured by Zoz GmbH
anode: MCMB 1028separator: PP (25 um)electrolyte: 1M LiPF6 in EC/EMC with 2% VCcycle: 2.7V ~ 4.25V charge: CCCV, C/2, CV at 4.25V until C/100designed capacity: 960 mAhcapacity at C/2: 900 mAh
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from the web-page of
Midland, MI - November 12, 2009 The Dow Chemical Company (NYSE:DOW) announced today the transfer to Dow of collectiveassets from HPL (High Power Lithium), a company focused on the development of nano-structured energy storage materials and novel electrolytes for use in all lithium ion batteryapplications.
“HPL has made critical strides in developing next generation metal phosphate electrode materialsand electrolyte system technology,” said Bill Banholzer, CTO and executive vice president forDow. “HPL’s exciting phosphate technology brings a combination of safety and increased energydensity that when applied to Dow’s Energy Storage Solutions business will significantly enhanceDow’s offering of component materials to the lithium ion battery markets.”
HPL brings synthesis and development of novel nano-materials, the ability to process and optimize nano-materials for use in battery electrodes and cells, comprehensive physical and electrochemical characterization facilities and screening and development of novel electrolytes and systems.
“This technology transfer merges HPL’s enabling advanced technology with Dow’s unrivaled abilityto apply and bring the technology to market,” said Fernand Kaufmann, Chairman of HPL. “Dow isthe perfect partner to enable lithium ion battery manufacturers to get the full commercial benefitfrom HPL technology.”
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„ZoLiBat®“co-operative project
ZIM EP091688 # 01.12.2009
Effizientere kostengünstige Lithium-Ionen Batterien -made in Germany-unter Verwendung von nanostrukturierten Elektrodenwerkstoffen
High efficient cost effective lithium-ion batteries -made in Germany-utilizing nano-structured electrode materials
Zoz GroupUlm University
Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-ForschungBaden-Württemberg (ZSW)
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hydrogen storageby nanostructure (matrix + catalyst)
NaAlH4, PEMFC, CM01 - CM20
MasdarMasdar-- and Abu Dhabi Initiativeand Abu Dhabi Initiative100 MW of solar energy100 MW of solar energy
McPhyMcPhy Energy & CNRS Energy & CNRS InstitutInstitut NNééelelGM / GM / OpelOpel
MgH2, GT/FC, CM20 – CM100b (10x)
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„ H2Tank2Go“co-operative - ZIM project
EP091640
Entwicklung eines günstigen und somit marktfähigenH2-Feststoff-Tanksystems
Development of a competitive and insofar marketableHydrogen Solid State Tank System
Zoz GroupGKSS Research Centre GmbH
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PEM-fuel cell
How does a fuel cell work?Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)
H2 O2
H+ H+
O2-
e-
Anode (A1)bipolar-sheet bipolar-sheet bipolar-sheetbipolar-sheet
Anode (A2)
catalystcatalyst
membrane proton-conductive membrane proton-conductive
Kathode (K1) Kathode (K2)
2 H -molecules are catalytically decomposed into 4 protons H and 4 electrons e
2+ -
O -molecule is catalytically decomposed into 2 O22-
Hydrogen:
H is the smallest and lightest element of the Periodic Systemthe H-atom consists of one proton and one electronis the most available element in the universe (H O, CH , etc…)
2
2 4
high reactivity, comes always as H -molecule and in compoundsmelting temp.: -259,14°C (20 °K), evaporation temp.: -252,87°C (14 °K)
2
O2-
4 H pass the proton-conductive membrane
+ 4 H , 4 e and2 O form water
+ -
2-
4 e flow as electrical current throughthe consumer and perform electrical work
-
H2O
single stack
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Metal hydride tank systems - volumetric and gravimetric density
HydroMat 10.1metal hydride tankCalculation for big
NaAlH4 tank
→ H2 - combustion engine
full tank -
full
tank
-
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Early stage of R.T. metal hydride tanks
H2 combustion engine !
Developed 1982H2 - combustion engine !
(75 kW)
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BMW Hydrogen 7, bivalenter Verbrennungsmotor (H2 + Benzin)
FahrwerkVorn: Doppelgelenk-Zugstreben-FederbeinachseHinten: Integral-IV-MehrlenkerachseKomplett abschaltbares ESP serienmäßig
Felgen: 18-Zoll LeichtmetallReifen: 245/50 R
Abmessungen (cm)Länge: 518Breite: 190Höhe: 149Radstand: 313Kofferraumvolumen (l): 225Tankinhalt (l): Benzin/74 l, Wasserstoff/7,8 kg (→110 l)Leergewicht (kg): 2395
FahrleistungHöchstgeschwindigkeit (km/h): 2300 auf 100km/h (s): 9,5
Verbrauch (l/100 km)Kombiniert: 13,9 l Benzin oder 3,6 kg WasserstoffCO2-Emission (g/km): 0
MotorKraftstoff: Benzin, Wasserstoff (flüssig → -250°C)Hubraum: 5976 ccmZahl der Zylinder: 12Anordnung der Zylinder: VZahl der Ventile: 12Gemischaufbereitung: Direkteinspritzung (Benzin)+ Einblaseventile (Wasserstoff)Leistung: 260 PS (=191 kW) bei 5100 U/minMax. Drehmoment: 390 Nm ab 4300 U/min
Antrieb/GetriebeHeckantrieb6-Gang-Automatik
LenkungHydraulische ZahnstangenlenkungWendekreis: 12,6 m
BremsenVorn: belüftete Scheiben (348mm)Hinten: belüftete Scheiben (345mm)
Reichweite H2: 200 km
BMW 7er Version: Hydrogen 7Karosserie: Limousine
Hybridauto: Benzin / H2H2-Versorgung über Flüssiggastanks (-250°C)H2-Verbrennungsmotor
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Tropical Green Technologies (Greece)
• On theHomepage listed under„Innovations“(not for sale yet)
• H2-powered Citycar• R.T. - metal hydride• Tank pressure: 5 – 10 bar• Max. speed: 45 km/h• 5 kW fuel cell system at 1 t vehicle !?• Range: 130 km ?
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Room temperature hydrides vs. Complex metal hydrides
• NaAlH4 powder has a high H2 storage capacity, but due to a complex tank-design the gravimetric H2-content of the system is very low
0 10 20 30 40 50
gravimetric H2-content [g H2 / kg]
HydroMat 10.1 - powderonly
HydroMat 10.1 - tankincluded
NaAlH4 - powder only
NaAlH4 - tank included
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Volumetric hydrogen-content and energy density of R.T. hydrides
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
volumetric H2-content [g H2 / l]
HydroMat 10.1 - powder only
HydroMat 10.1 - tank included
NaAlH4 - powder only
NaAlH4 - tank included
700 bar tank
Cryo tank (-253°C)
0 0,5 1 1,5 2volumetric energy density [kWh/l]
1 g H2 = 0,033 kWh
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HydroMat 10.1 R.T. metal hydride
1,67 wt%HydroMat 10.1
charging pressure: 20 bar
complete desorption at 70°C → < 3 h
absorption
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Comparison with Li-ion batteries
• Values for specific energy density fromliterature (also confirmed by Dow Chemical)
• 75 kWh needed for small passenger car at 300 km range
Li-ion Battery: ca. 160 Wh/kg; 300 Wh/L
→ 75 kWh / 0,16 kWh/kg = 468,75 kg
→ 75 kWh / 0,3 kWh/L = 250 L
Weight-estimate of fuel cellUS Department of Energy study:
→ 80 kW PEM-FC system: 115 kg
→ 25 kW system: ca. 50 kg
H2Tank2Go for 75 kWh + Fuel Cell:
• weight: 160 kg (tank) + 50 kg (FC) = 210 kg
• volume: 50 L (tank) + 40 L (FC) = 90 L
weight factor
volume factor 3
2
1
1
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…in the future…electric cars…hydrogen or battery ?
Approximation for 1000 cars:• Li-ion batteries: 468 t; 250 m3
alternatively for pressured gas tanks you would find:• 20.000 mechanical components designed to withstand ~1000 bar
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0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
price [€]
Udomi "HB-SC-0100-Q" - 100 NL
Zoz Group "H2Tank2Go - A1" - 585 NL
Treibacher "MHS 900 A" - 840 NL
Treibacher "MHS 450 A" - 420 NL
Treibacher "MHS 225 A" - 210 NL
Pragma Industries "mh150 B" - 150 NL
Pragma Industries "mh150 A" - 150 NL
Ovonic "Solid Hydrogen Storage Canister" - 100 NLOvonic "BL-120 Metal Hydride" - 120 NL
com
pany
A1® - price in comparison to similar R.T.-metal-hydride tanks
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0 2 4 6 8 10 12
price [€ / NL H2]
Udomi "HB-SC-0100-Q" - 100 NL
Zoz Group "H2Tank2Go - A1" - 585 NLTreibacher "MHS 900 A" - 840 NLTreibacher "MHS 450 A" - 420 NL
Treibacher "MHS 225 A" - 210 NLPragma Industries "mh150 B" - 150 NLPragma Industries "mh150 A" - 150 NL
Ovonic "Solid Hydrogen Storage Canister" - 100 NLOvonic "BL-120 Metal Hydride" - 120 NL
com
pany
A1® - price in comparison to similar R.T.-metal-hydride tanks
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Zoz Isigo®: now (Pb-battery) and in the future (fuel cell and H2Tank2Go®)
values for max. speedof 35 km/h
0 1 2 3 4
driving time (h)
Pb battery
H2Tank2Go
0 50 100 150
driving range (km)
Pb battery
H2Tank2Go
H2Tank2Go® + fuel cell: ca. 15 kgPb battery: 8,6 kg
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Proposal for a Zoz – hydrogen powered car (Lupo base)
• aquire small car (e.g. VW Lupo)• remove gasoline engine• remove powertrain ?• equip the car with hydrogen tank and fuel cell
• hydrogen load: 2,25 kg (~75 kWh)• hydrogen charging: < 30 bar• range: ca. 300 km• fuel cell: PEM-FC (~25 kW)
• recuperation of breaking energy via Supercaps?
• weight of VW Lupo: ca. 1.000 kg• weight of VW Lupo engine and gear: ca. 120 kg
• weight of electro-motor: ca. 100 kg• weight of H2Tank2Go® + fuel cell: 210 kg
• weight Lupo (combustion engine): ca. 1.120 kg• weight Lupo (H2-tank + fuel cell): ca. 1.330 kg
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Proposal for a Zoz – hydrogen powered car
CORDOBA Trolley40 x 26 x 60 cm volume: 55 l
H2Tank2Go®
• volume: < 50 L• weight: ca. 160 kg• price: < 10.000 €
in the scale of :3 diving bottlesvolume: 45 l
15 l
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Costs and taxes: gasoline vs. hydrogen
Gasoline• consumption: ca. 5 L / 100 km (→ 10.000 L for 200.000 km)• cost of „super“-gasoline: ca. 1,40 € / L
(47,95 ct net fuel cost + 65,45 ct mineral oil tax + 26,6 ct value added tax)Hydrogen• tank-load: 2,25 kg H2 (range: approx. 300 km; 2,25 kg H2 contains 75 kWh of energy)• consumption: 0,75 kg H2 / 100 km (→ 1.500 kg H2 for 200.000 km)
fuel price for 200.000 km range
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
Gasoline Hydrogen (electrolyser -grid)
Hydrogen (electrolyser -wind-power)
pric
e [€
] 7 € / 100 km 8,34 € / 100 km
4,58 € / 100 km
Gasoline prices expectedto increase in the future
windpowerfeed-in compensation(9,02 ct / kWh)
4795 €net fuel cost
2660 €value added tax
6545 €mineral oil tax
14.000 €
16.685 €
9.160 €
Δcost = 4.480 €contributes to tank cost
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Costs of PEM-FC
• cost of stack: ca. 1000 €/kW
• cost of complete 25 kW fuel cell system: ca. 70.000 € (~ 3.000 €/kW)
• There is no mass production of this kind of PEM-FC system yet!
→ target cost: 500 USD/kW complete → 25 kW PEM-FC < 10.000 €
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Proposal for a Zoz – hydrogen powered car with HydroMat 10.1 H2 - storage material
1.330 kg88.000 €total (today)
1.000 kg5.000 €car body
120 kg5.000 €motor & power-train
1.330 kg25.000 €total (goal)
50 kg7.000 €25 kW fuel cell systemfuture goal
50 kg70.000 €25 kW fuel cell systemtoday
25 kg2.000 €tank
135 kg6.000 €metal hydride powder
ca. weightca. cost
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Comparison of H2 - kickboard and car
Isigo® (+ H2Tank2Go ® + 500 W fuel cell)
• range: > 130 km (2 cartridges)• H2 load: > 100 g (2 cartridges)• weight: ca. 43 kg• price: < 1.000 €
→ ZERO EMISSIONS+ economic value
Zoz hydrogen car (+ H2Tank2Go ® + 25 kW fuel cell)
• range: ca. 300 km• H2 load: 2,25 kg• weight: ca. 1.330 kg• price: 25.000 €• Gasoline cost save: 4.480 €• Investment: 20.520 €
→ ZERO EMISSIONS; but no economic value (yet)
small car with a 5 L/km gasoline consumption
• range: ca. 300 - 500 km• weight: ca. 1.105 kg• price: 12.000 €• fuel cost (20.000 km):14.000 € (…rising)• price + fuel cost (20.000 km): 26.000 €
→ POLLUTANT GAS EMISSIONS (ca. 1,8 t CO2)
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Please make it happen, that Isigo® is allowed to be used equivalent to
bicycles in public traffic!