Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

Herausgeber / Editor Jörg Frey

Mitherausgeber/Associate Editors Friedrich Avemarie • Judith Gundry-Volf

Martin Hengel • Otfried Hofius • Hans-Josef Klauck

196

A R T I B U S I N Ü Ä E N

Pieter W. van der Horst

Jews and Christians in Their Graeco-Roman Context

Selected Essays on Early Judaism, Samaritanism, Hellenism, and Christianity

Mohr Siebeck

Pieter W. van der Horst, born 1946, studied Classical Philology and received a PhD in Theology (1978); from 1969-2006 he was firstly research assistent, then junior and later senior lecturer, and finally full professor in New Testament, Early Christian Literature, and the Jewish and Hellenistic world of Early Christianity at the Faculty of Theology of Utrecht University.

ISBN 3-16-148851-2 ISBN-13 978-3-16-148851-1 ISSN 0512-1604 (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament)

Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de.

© 2006 Mohr Siebeck Tübingen.

This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publisher's written permission. This applies particularly to repro-ductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems.

The book was typeset by Martin Fischer in Tübingen, printed by Guide-Druck in Tübingen on non-aging paper and bound by Großbuchbinderei Spinner in Ottersweier.

Printed in Germany.

Preface

The author wishes to express his sincere thanks to the following persons: To Professors Martin Hengel and Jorg Frey for their willingness to accept this col-lection of essays for publication in their series WUNT; to Dr. Henning Ziebritzki of Mohr Siebeck's publishing house for his care in seeing the book through the press; to Dr. Gerard Mussies and Professor Martien Parmentier for their permission to have the two articles of which they were co-authors reprinted; and especially to my friend Dr. James N. Pankhurst for his unfailing readiness during so many years to emend the English of almost all my essays.

The author also thanks the following publishing houses for their permission to reprint the essays in this volume: Bar Ilan University Press, Brill Academic Publishers, Cambridge University Press, T. & T. Clark International (Contin-uum), Librairie Droz, Mohr Siebeck, Neukirchener Verlagshaus, Edizioni dell' Orso, Oxford University Press, Peeters Publishers, Kluwer Academic Publishers (Springer Verlag), Scholars Press, and Sheffield Academic Press.

Utrecht, Sept. 2005 PWvdH

Table of Contents

Preface V

Abbreviations IX

Introduction 1

The Jews of Ancient Crete 12

The Jews of Ancient Cyprus 28

The Jews of Ancient Sicily 37

The Synagogue of Sardis and its Inscriptions 43

Jews and Blues in Late Antiquity 53

A Note on the Evil Inclination and Sexual Desire in Talmudic Literature 59

"His Days Shall Be One Hundred and Twenty Years".

Genesis 6:3 in Early Judaism and Ancient Christianity 66

Inscriptiones Judaicae Orientis. A Review Article 71

Huldah's Tomb in Early Jewish Tradition 87

Pseudo-Phocylides on the Afterlife. A Rejoinder to John Collins 93

Philo's In Flaccum and the Book of Acts 98

Common Prayer in Philo's In Flaccum 121-124 108

Philo and the Rabbis on Genesis. Similar Questions, Different Answers . . 114

Philo of Alexandria on the Wrath of God 128

Anti-Samaritan Propaganda in Early Judaism 134

Jacques Basnage (1653-1723) on the Samaritans. Or: How much did one know about the Samaritans three centuries ago in the Netherlands? . . 151

Once More: The Translation of oi be in Matthew 28:17 161

Abraham's Bosom, the Place Where He Belonged. A Short Note on amvexOfjvai in Luke 16:22 164

VIII Table of Contents

"Snorting Threat and Murder". The Hellenistic Background of Acts 9:1 167

"Only then will all Israel be saved". A Short Note on the Meaning of xal oikcog in Romans 11:26 176

Macarius Magnes and the Unnamed Anti-Christian Polemicist. A review article 181

A New Early Christian Poem on the Sacrifice of Isaac (Pap. Bodmer 30) 190

The Role of Scripture in Cyril of Scythopolis' Lives of the Monks of Palestine 206

Twenty-Five Questions to Corner the Jews. A Byzantine Anti-Jewish Document from the Seventh Century 216

"The Most Superstitious and Disgusting of All Nations". Diogenes of Oenoanda on the Jews 227

The Shadow in Hellenistic Popular Belief 234

The First Atheist 242

Subtractive Versus Additive Composite Numerals in Ancient Languages 250

The Great Magical Papyrus of Paris (PGM IV) and the Bible 269

"The God Who Drowned the King of Egypt". A Short Note on an Exorcistic Formula 280

Original places of publication 285

Bibliography of Pieter W. van der Horst, 1970-2005 287

Index of passages 321

Index of modern authors 340

Index of names and subjects 348

Abbreviations

ANRW Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt ARW Archiv für Religionswissenschaft BAGD Bauer-Arndt-Gingrich-Danker, Greek-English Lexicon

of the NT, 2nd ed. BDAG Bauer-Danker-Arndt-Gingrich, Greek-English Lexicon

of the NT, 3rd ed. BZ Biblische Zeitschrift CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly CCSG Corpus Chistianorum Series Graeca CIJ Corpus Inscriptionum Judaicarum (ed. Frey) CPJ Corpus Papyrorum Judaicarum (edd. Tcherikover & Fuks) CSCO Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium DDD Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible GLAJJ Greek and Latin Authors on Jews and Judaism (ed. Stern) GMA Greek Magical Amulets (ed. Kotansky) HTR Harvard Theological Review HUCA Hebrew Union College Annual ICS Illinois Classical Studies IG Inscriptiones Graecae IJO Inscriptiones Judaicae Orientis (edd. Noy et al.) JBL Journal of Biblical Literature JECS Journal of Early Christian Studies JIGRE Jewish Inscriptions of Graeco-Roman Egypt

(edd. Horbury & Noy) JIWE Jewish Inscriptions of Western Europe (ed. Noy) JJS Journal of Jewish Studies JNES Journal of Near Eastern Studies JQR Jewish Quarterly Review JSJ Journal for the Study of Judaism JSNT Journal for the Study of the New Testament JTS Journal of Theological Studies LCL Loeb Classical Library LSJ Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek English Lexicon Mnem. Mnemosyne

X

NP NT NTS OLD OLZ PG PGM PL PW RAC RB REJ SC TLZ TRE TSAJ TUGAL

VC ZNW ZPE

Abbreviations

Neue Pauly Novum Testamentum New Testament Studies Oxford Latin Dictionary (ed. Glare) Orientalistische Literaturzeitung Patrologia Graeca Papyri Graecae Magicae (ed. Preisendanz) Patrologia Latina Pauly-Wissowa Reallexikon fur Antike und Christentum Revue biblique Revue des études juives Sources chrétiennes Theologische Literaturzeitung Theologische Realenzyklopädie Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur Vigiliae Christianae Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik

Introduction

This volume is the ninth, and probably the last, in a series of volumes with essays that I have written over the years.1 It is published on the occasion of my 60th

birthday in mid 2006, which happens to coincide with my retirement as a profes-sor at Utrecht University. That retirement is early, and sudden, and not wholly voluntary; it is due partly to drastic financial measures taken by the Faculty of Theology and partly to the drastic deterioration of my eyesight. Even so, it seemed to be a good opportunity to collect several of my most recent contribu-tions (and some of the earlier ones, on which see more below).

As the subtitle indicates, the essays cover a rather wide range of subjects, and the reader is entitled to know what the underlying unity of all this is, if indeed there is any such unity. One will find studies on subjects as far apart as the origins of Greek atheism in 5th century BCE Athens and aspects of rabbinic anthropology in Talmudic sources of almost a millennium later. One will find a study of the curious phenomenon of subtractive numerals in various ancient languages but also a contribution on a newly discovered early Christian poem on the sacrifice of Isaac. One will find a study of the meaning of the Greek words hoi de in Matthew 28:17 but also one on the famous Huguenot Jacques Basnage's view of the Samaritans. And so one could go on, but what is the focus in this variety? The focus is the cultural milieu of early Christianity in the widest sense of the word.

As a student of classical Greek and Roman antiquity in the sixties of the previous century, I developed a strong interest in the religious mentality of

1 The eight volumes that were published previously are partly in Dutch, partly in English. They are (in chronological order): De onbekende God. Essays over de joodse en hellenistische achtergrond van het vroege Christendom (Utrechtse Theologische Reeks 2), Utrecht 1988; Es-says on the Jewish World of Early Christianity (Novum Testamentum et Orbis Antiquus 14), Fribourg-Göttingen 1990; (with Gerard Mussies) Studies on the Hellenistic Background of the New Testament (Utrechtse Theologische Reeks 10), Utrecht 1990; Studies over het jodendom in de oudheid, Kampen 1992; Hellenism - Judaism - Christianity. Essays on Their Interaction (Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology 8), Kampen 1994 (a second, much enlarged edition appeared in Leuven in 1998); Mozes, Plato, Jezus. Studies over de wereld van het vroege Christendom, Amsterdam 2000; Japheth in the Tents of Shem. Studies on Jewish Hellenism in Antiquity (Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology 32), Leuven 2002; Joden in de Grieks-Romeinse wereld, Zoetermeer 2003. These volumes contain some 130 essays (160 if those in the present volume are included), which is about half of the articles I have written; those not reprinted are mostly encyclopedia articles and contributions for a wider audience.

2 Introduction

ancient men and women, including the early Christians. Soon I found out that it is not possible to understand early Christianity if one does not know its Jewish heritage, so I also began to study biblical and rabbinic Hebrew, and later on Palestinian and Babylonian Aramaic as well, in order to enable myself to read the Hebrew Bible and also the Jewish interpretations of this Bible as an essential part of that heritage. And this turned out to be a crucial step for the future direc-tion of my academic career.

It was in the summer of 1968 that I happened to read an article by Willem C. van Unnik, the New Testament professor at Utrecht University (whom I did not yet know at that time), which further opened my eyes to the importance of know-ing both the ancient Graeco-Roman and the Jewish literature from the centuries around the turn of the era in order to elucidate difficult passages in the New Testament.2 After that summer I started to follow a course in Syriac and much to my pleasure the teacher turned out to be the very same Willem C. van Unnik. Since I was the only student in that course, we developed a close relationship and by the end of that academic year he offered me a job as a research assistant in his department. It was van Unnik who emphasized time and again that, however important a thorough knowledge of Graeco-Roman culture is for the under-standing of the developments in early Christianity, knowledge of Jewish culture is even more important in order to understand this new religion in its initial phases. His classic dictum was that after his birth, Jesus was not carried around the hearth (as was the Roman custom) but circumcised, and that anyone who forgot that fact would never understand the New Testament. His own work was, and still is, an impressive example of how one can bring to bear a wide-ranging knowledge of the literature and religions of antiquity in its broadest sense on the study of early Christianity. I say 'wide-ranging' knowledge because van Unnik also emphasized that it is myopic to confine oneself to study of first-century sources; one should cast one's nets as widely as possible: Plato's Timaeus is as important as the rabbinic midrash, and the Dead Sea Scrolls are as important as the patristic interpretations of the Bible. He himself roamed widely in the ancient world, and even went as far as publishing studies on medieval Syrian church history.3 His view was that a broad knowledge of the cultural surroundings of early Christianity would always have, if not a direct, at least an indirect impact on the way one views the manifestations of this religion in its early phases. Van Unnik was my great paragon and he had a formative influence on my subsequent

2 The article was '"Den Geist löschet nicht aus" (1 Thessalonicher V 19),' Novum Testa-mentum 10 (1968) 255-269.

3 For bibliographical details see my 'Einleitung des Herausgebers' in Willem Cornelis van Unnik, Das Selbstverständnis der jüdischen Diaspora in der hellenistisch-römischen Zeit, aus dem Nachlaß herausgegeben und bearbeitet von Pieter Willem van der Horst, Leiden 1993, 13-50.

Introduction 3

scholarly career. No wonder that under his guidance I wrote a dissertation on a Jewish author who was very much at home in the Greek world.4

Another major impetus came in the same period, when Martin Hengel pub-lished his magisterial Judentum und Hellenismus in 1969.5 This work had a deep and lasting influence on many who worked in the fields of early Jewish and Christian studies and was, of course, 'gefundenes Fressen' for a young classical philologist who was also engaged in Jewish studies. It inspired me not only to pursue further the line of research that van Unnik had already put me on but also to pay much closer attention to the many forms of interpénétration between the classical world of Greece and Rome and the Jewish (and Christian) world around the beginning of the Common Era. Eventually my research in this field (and also my long-standing friendly relationship with Martin Hengel) led to a publication on the position of Greek as a language spoken by Jews in Palestine on the oc-casion of the celebration of the 30th anniversary of Hengel's book (or rather, of the 25lh anniversary of its English translation) in 1999.6 Hengel's insights into the thorough hellenization of Judaism, not only in the Diaspora but also in the Jewish homeland, even in the pre-Christian period, has opened many eyes to the contributions Hellenistic culture has made to the changing face of Judaism in this formative period and to the implications this has for our study of'Hellenistic elements' in early Christianity.

Van Unnik put me to work on the Corpus Hellenisticum Novi Testamenti project.7 Many of my early publications, for that reason, focus on the Hellenistic background of the New Testament. Some 15 of them have been reprinted in the volume I published in 1990 in collaboration with my long-time colleague, Dr. Gerard Mussies (see note 1). The reason that I have decided to reprint here two of these essays is simply that the book unfortunately never had any wide circulation and has, therefore, largely been ignored (it was a publication by the Faculty of Theology in Utrecht, but since this institute had no distribution apparatus, the book reached very few people and was never reviewed anywhere). The only two studies from that volume which are reprinted here, however, are my very first article, written in 1969 and published in 1970,8 and the rather provocative piece

4 The Sentences of Pseudo-Phocytides, Leiden 1978. Unfortunately, van Unnik died a couple of months before the public defense of my doctoral thesis in the spring of 1978.

5 Tübingen 1969 and many reprints; English translation (Judaism and Hellenism), London 1974. See also his later books Juden, Griechen und Barbaren. Aspekte der Hellenisierung des Judentums in vorchristlicher Zeit, Stuttgart 1976, and The 'Hellenization 'of Judaea in the First Century after Christ, London 1989.

6 See my 'Greek in Jewish Palestine in Light of Jewish Epigraphy,' in J.J. Collins & G.E. Sterling (eds.), Hellenism in the Land of Israel, Notre Dame 2001, 154-174, reprinted in my Japheth in the Tents of Shem 9-26.

7 On the history of this project see my article 'Corpus Hellenisticum' in the Anchor Bible Dictionary 1 (1992) 1157-1161.

8 It was published in German under the title ' Drohung und Mord schnaubend (Acta IX 1 ) ' in Novum Testamentum 12 (1970) 257-269, but is presented here in an English translation.

4 Introduction

written by both Mussies and myself on the subtractive numerals in antiquity.9

In my opinion, both articles deserve a wider circulation than they have received hitherto because there is much new and relevant material in them. Now the rel-evance of a study of subtractive numerals may not be readily apparent, but once the reader realizes that Paul uses such a numeral in 2 Cor. 11:24 ('forty strokes less one'), the importance of putting this expression in as wide a linguistic con-text as possible will become clear.

Most of the other contributions are more recent and they reflect my increased interest and research in ancient Judaism. There is a comparative study of the closely related questions which both Philo of Alexandria and the rabbis asked about difficult verses in the book of Genesis, where their different answers are also put into perspective.10 Apart from other Philonica, on which more below, there is a further study of rabbinic materials in the article on the tension between God's positive commandment to procreate (pern u-revu) in Gen. 1:28 on the one hand, and the often less than positive view the rabbis had of sexual desire, which they regarded as a manifestation of the evil inclination (yester ha-ra') in humans." There is also a recent contribution on the subject of my dissertation, the Sentences of Pseudo-Phocylides, in which I cross swords with the American scholar John Collins on this Jewish poet's views on afterlife.12 As in the previ-ous volumes, the reader will once again notice that there is also material on the ancient Samaritans. Here a third scholar is to be mentioned for his influence upon me, Alan D. Crown from Sydney. Twenty years ago, in 1985/86, he was my guest at the Utrecht Faculty for a couple of guest lectures, and he opened my eyes to the degree to which the Samaritans had unduly suffered from neglect by scholars in Judaic research. The Samaritans formed a substantial part of the Jewish population of Palestine (even though they would never call themselves 'Jews' but rather 'Israelites') and also had their own large diaspora.13 It is mainly due to the great efforts of Alan Crown that Samaritan studies have come to flourish of late14 and thanks to him I have been involved in these developments, albeit on a modest scale. Again, I focused initially mainly on the interaction be-

9 It was originally published in Illinois Classical Studies 13 (1988) 183-202. 10 'Philo and the Rabbis on Genesis: Similar Questions, Different Answers,' in: A. Volgers &

C. Zamagni (eds.), Erotapokriseis. Early Christian Question-and-Answer Literature in Context (Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology 37), Leuven 2004, 55-70.

11 'A Note on the Evil Inclination and Sexual Desire in Talmudic Literature,' in U. Mitt-mann-Richert, F. Avemarie & G.S. Oegema (eds.), Der Mensch vor Gott. Forschungen zum Menschenbild in Bibel, antikem Judentum und Koran (Festschrift für Hermann Lichtenberger zum 60. Geburtstag), Neukirchen 2003, 99-106.

12 'Pseudo-Phocylides on the Afterlife: A Rejoinder to John J. Collins,' Journalfor the Study of Judaism 35 (2004) 70-75.

13 See my 'The Samaritan Diaspora in Antiquity' in my Essays on the Jewish World of Early Christianity 136-147.

14 See, e. g. A.D. Crown (ed.), The Samaritans, Tübingen 1988, the most extensive reference work to date.

Introduction 5

tween Samaritans and Hellenistic culture,15 but later I widened the scope of my investigations as may be apparent from the two essays included in this volume. My recent book De Samaritanen16 is the long-term result of this involvement in samaritanological research.

Again another scholar who has exerted influence on my scholarly career is David T. Runia of Melbourne, one of the great Philonic scholars of our time. After reading his magisterial 1983 dissertation on Philo's creative use of Plato's Timaeus in his biblical exegesis,171 became much more aware of the importance of this paragon of Jewish Hellenism from Alexandria. Runia also made very clear to me how great the impact of Philo had been on the theology of many Church Fathers.18 Some of the fruits of my fascination with Philo are to be found in this volume,19 although half of them are no more than parerga to my recent com-mentary on Philo's In Flaccum which David Runia and Gregory Sterling invited me to write for their new Philo of Alexandria Commentary Series (PACS).20

It was the work on this commentary, and especially the investigation of the complicated backgrounds of the serious conflict in Alexandria in the year 38 CE described by Philo that led me to further research the situations in which various Jewish diaspora communities had lived. Not only my earlier study on the Jews of ancient Crete, but also the recent ones on the Jews of Cyprus, of Sicily, and of the city of Sardis have been included here.21 They show the great variety in degrees of integration and acculturation in these diaspora communities and they demonstrate how difficult it is to say with any certainty why in some places the various religious groups lived in harmony, or at least not in conflict, while elsewhere things derailed completely. A special case is the story of the conflicts,

15 See my study of the Samaritan diaspora mentioned in note 13 and the one on 'The Samaritan Languages in the pre-Islamic Period,' Journal for the Study of Judaism 32 (2001) 178-192, reprinted in my Japheth in the Tents ofShem 235-249. See also my 'Samaritans and Hellenism' in my Hellenism - Judaism - Christianity 49-58.

16 Kampen 2004 (the book is in Dutch). 17 Published as Philo of Alexandria and the Timaeus of Plato, Leiden 1986. 18 See his Philo and Early Christian Literature, Assen-Minneapolis 1993. 19 The article on 'Philo of Alexandria on the Wrath of God' was originally published in

Dutch as 'Philo Alexandrinus over de toorn Gods,' in A. de Jong & A. de Jong (eds.), Kleine encyclopedie van de toorn, Utrecht 1993, 77-82. For the present volume I have translated it into English.

20 See my Philo's Flaccus: The First Pogrom, Leiden 2003. The parerga reprinted here are 'Common Prayer in Philo's In Flaccum 121-124,' Kenishta: Studies of the Synagogue World, ed. J. Tabory, vol. 2, Bar Ilan 2003, 21-28; and 'Philo's In Flaccum and the Book of Acts,' in: R. Deines & K.-W. Niebuhr (eds.), Philo und das Neue Testament. Wechselseitige Wahrnehmungen (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 172), Tübingen 2004, 95-105.

21 The study of Cretan Jewry had already been republished in 1990 in my Essays on the Jewish World 148-165, but it is included here again - albeit in an abbreviated form - in order to retain the character of a trilogy on the Jewish communities of the three great islands in the Mediterranean Sea (Crete, Cyprus, Sicily). About the Jews of the great island of Euboia we know next to nothing (see Philo, Legat. 282, and IJO I, Ach57).

6 Introduction

throughout the period of the Roman and early Byzantine Empire, between Jews and Greens, a notorious hooligan-like circus faction active in the great cities, and of the seemingly strange alliance between Jews and Blues, the opponents of the Greens. Here social psychology turned out to be very helpful in solving an anomaly.22 All these studies of details concerning diaspora communities fill in the background against which we have to understand the lives and activities of the early Christians who, as a minority, had to maintain their position between these parties.23

Related to this area of research is another field in which I have done work over the past 15 years, early Jewish epigraphy. In an attempt to fill a lacuna, I published in 1991 an introductory work to the study of Jewish epitaphs (which form the bulk of the epigraphic material).24 The book received a very warm welcome since there existed no such work for students of ancient Judaism.25

When I was writing the book (during a sabbatical spent at the Hebrew Univer-sity in Jerusalem), I could not foresee how quickly the situation in this field of research would change in terms of the availability of new critical editions of the epigraphic material and of in-depth studies. In a high tempo, between 1992 and 2004, most of this material was published again in much better editions than the old and outdated Corpus Inscriptionum Judaicarum (CIJ) by Frey,26 upon which I still had to rely by and large in 1990/91, and very much new material was added in these publications. In a long review article on the three recent volumes Inscriptiones Judaicae Orientis (IJO), reprinted in this volume, I sketch these developments and show how dramatically the situation has improved. The study of Jewish epitaphs, honorary inscriptions, and other epigraphic material is of great importance to the student of early Judaism and Christianity since these sources quite often provide us with information about Jewish life and thought that we do not find in the literary documents (for instance, data about age at death and onomastics).

22 Published as 'Jews and Blues in Late Antiquity,' in D. Accorinti & P. Chuvin (edd.), Des Géants à Dionysos. Mélanges de mythologie et de poésie grecques offerts à Francis Vian, Alessandria 2003, 565-572.

23 See also I. Levinskaya, The Book of Acts in Its First Century Setting, vol. 5: Diaspora Setting, Grand Rapids-Carlisle 1996. Diaspora studies have come of age in recent decades; see John Barclay's Introduction to J.G.M. Barclay (ed.), Negotiating Diaspora. Jewish Strategies in the Roman Empire, London - New York 2004, 1-7.

24 Ancient Jewish Epitaphs. An Introductory Survey of a Millennium of Jewish Funerary Epigraphy (300 BCE - 700 CE), Kampen 1991.

25 Even the otherwise excellent book by B.H. McLean, An Introduction to Greek Epigraphy of the Hellenistic and Roman Periods from Alexander the Great down to the Reign of Constan-tine, Ann Arbor 2002, deals very insufficiently with Jewish material.

26 J.-B. Frey, Corpus Inscriptionum Judaicarum. Recueil des inscriptions juives qui vont du Ille siècle avant Jésus-Christ au Vile siècle de notre ère, 2 vols, Rome 1936-1952. Vol. I was reprinted in 1975 with an extensive Prolegomenon containing many corrections and additions by Baruch Lifshitz.

Introduction 1

The interpretation of biblical texts in ancient Judaism and early Christianity is also a field that has been blossoming in the past decades.27 My first steps in this field were taken some 15 years ago in an article written for Adam van der Woude's Festschrift on the widely diverging interpretations, by ancient Jews and Christians, of the enigmatic words in Ezek. 20:25 where God says that he gave Israel 'laws that were not good!'28 The text in Ex. 22:28 as rendered in the Septuagint, "Thou shalt not revile the gods," also evoked a wide variety of exegeses in Jewish and Christian circles, which I charted briefly.29 In the present volume there are two further examples, albeit on a modest scale, namely, a study of the way in which the limitation of the human life span to 120 years by God in Gen. 6:3 was variously interpreted by Jews and Christians in antiquity, and one on the way Jewish interpreters viewed what was for them the amazing activity of the prophetess Huldah in 2 Kings 22 and how their views relate to the rabbinic traditions about the presence of Huldah's tomb in Jerusalem, quite close to the Temple, of all places. Both studies show how passages in the Bible that were regarded as problematic by the ancient readers were creatively dealt with.30

Again another subject that has witnessed an upsurge in scholarly interest31 and has fascinated me intensely since the beginning of the nineties was that of ancient prayer cultures. It resulted inter alia in a booklet in Dutch in which I presented an annotated translation of 60 ancient prayers, 20 Graeco-Roman, 20 Jewish, and 20 Christian,32 and also in an article on the uncommon and suspect phenomenon of silent prayer,33 in a study of one of the few ancient thematic treatises on prayer, especially on the question of whether one should pray at all, and if so, what for,

27 Among the innumerable publications I mention - honoris causa - only James Kugel's magisterial Traditions of the Bible. The Bible as It Was at the Start of the Common Era, Cam-bridge MA-London 1998.

28 '"I Gave Them Laws That Were Not Good." Ezekiel 20:25 in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity,'in J.N. Bremmer & F. Garcia Martinez (eds.), Sacred History and Sacred Texts in Early Judaism. A Symposium in Honour of A. S. van der Woude, Kampen 1992, 94-118, repr. in my Hellenism - Judaism - Christianity 135-156.

29 " 'Thou shalt not revile the gods." The LXX-translation of Ex. 22:28 (27), its background and influence, ' Studia Philonica Annual 5 (1993) 1-8, reprinted in my Hellenism - Judaism - Christianity 125-134.

30 The first study appeared in the new annual Zutot (2002, 18-23), the second was published in Dutch in Nederlands Theologisch Tijdschrift 55 (2001) 91-96, and translated by me into English for the present volume.

11 See, e.g., J.H. Charlesworth, M. Harding & M. Kiley (eds.), The Lord's Prayer and Other Prayer Texts from the Greco-Roman Era, Valley Forge 1993; M. Kiley (ed.), Prayer

from Alexander to Constantine, London-New York 1997; J.H. Newman, Praying by the Book. The Scripturalization of Prayer in Second Temple Judaism, Atlanta 1999; H. Lohr, Studien zum frühchristlichen und frühjüdischen Gebet, Tübingen 2003. Many other works could be mentioned as well.

32 Gebeden uit de antieke wereld, Kampen 1994. 33 'Silent Prayer in Antiquity,' Numen 41 (1994) 1-25, reprinted in my Hellenism-Judaism

- Christianity 293-316.

8 Introduction

namely the fifth oration of Maximus of Tyre,34 as well as in an investigation of whether or not a forgotten prayer text in one of the Egerton papyri is Jewish or Christian.35 In this volume, the readers will find a short contribution on a re-markable prayer by the Jews of Alexandria after their persecution by the Roman governor Flaccus, as reported by Philo in his In Flaccum?6

As far as the New Testament is concerned, some of the contributions in this volume intend to shed light on long-standing translation problems (although often not even seen as problematic) from insights won in classical philology. The question of whether the words oi 8e eöioxaaav in Matt. 28:17 mean 'but they doubted' or 'but some doubted' or 'but others doubted' (which makes quite a difference!) is solved on the basis of strictly philological considerations: it means 'but some doubted.' In a second contribution, the same kind of philological considerations, but now of a more lexical nature, lead to the suggestion that in the parable of the rich man and the poor Lazarus the words eyevexo 6s ditoQavelv Tov jiTcoxov xai äjtEvexöfjvai aiixov iiitö xcöv äyyeluiv etg xov xöXjtov 'Aßgadji do not just mean that the poor man was carried away to Abraham's bosom but that he was carried to a place he deserved or where he belonged, the bosom of Abraham (apo- in composita often has this force). The striking expression eujtvcoiv ajtEi^rjg xai qpövov in Acts 9:1 is studied in the light of expressions in Greek literature that circumscribe strong emotions or passions with verbs of breathing or snorting.37

Finally, in a philological study of the expression xai oiixcog nag 'Iagar)X owOriaexat in Rom. 11:26,1 argue that the words xai oiixcoc in this context do not mean 'and so [or 'thus'] all Israel will be saved,' but 'only then will all Israel be saved.' That xai ofixtug can have this sense, although it is not registered in the standard Greek lexicons, is well-known among classical philologists, but hardly familiar among theologians (a justly renowned commentator even says that a temporal meaning of this word is never found in Greek!).38 These proposals are not shattering innovations but they do prove that detailed knowledge of the Greek language can help solve New Testament exegetical problems, which sounds like a truism but unfortunately still needs to be said over and over again. It may be added here that the article on the Hellenistic popular beliefs about the power of the shadow39 was ultimately inspired by the silence of the NT commentaries on

34 'Maximus of Tyre on Prayer. An Annotated Translation of EL 6EI £i>xea0cu (Dissertatio 5),' in H. Cancik, H. Lichtenberger & P. Schäfer (eds.), Geschichte - Tradition - Reflexion: Festschrift für Martin Hengel zum 70. Geburtstag, 3 vols., Tübingen 1996, Vol. 2: 323-338.

35 'Neglected Greek Evidence for Early Jewish Liturgical Prayer,' Journal for the Study of Judaism 29 (1998) 278-296.

36 Originally published as 'Common Prayer in Philo's In Flaccum 121-124,' Kenishta: Studies of the Synagogue World, ed. J. Tabory, vol. 2, Bar Han 2003, 21-28.

37 Since this was my very first publication, written when 1 was 23, the reader is asked to exercise a certain clemency as regards the woodenness of the presentation.

38 This note appeared in the Journal of Biblical Literature 119 (2000) 521-525. 39 Originally published in German as 'Der Schatten im hellenistischen Volksglauben,' in

M. J. Vermaseren (ed.), Studies in Hellenistic Religions, EPRO 78, Leiden 1979, 27-36.

Introduction 9

Acts 5:15, where Luke says that the people of Jerusalem 'even carried out their sick into the streets and laid them on beds and pallets, hoping that as Peter came by at least his shadow might fall on some of them.' And, finally, the study on Philo's In Flaccum and the Book of Acts highlights the importance of each of these two works for the study of the other.40

My early interest in patristic literature may be seen in an article of 1971, not reprinted here, on Augustine's view of suicide as compared to that of his pagan contemporary, the philosopher Macrobius.41 A later study dealt with the interest-ing motif of Plato's fear of telling the (supposedly Christian) truth in apologetic patristic literature.42 Although not at all a patristic scholar myself, in this volume I have yet again included some studies of the works of Church Fathers. The first is a by-product of my Dutch book De Woestijnvaders (The Desert Fathers),43 in which I also translated large parts of Cyril of Scythopolis' work on the Palestin-ian monks in the desert of Judaea. In this chapter, which was originally presented as a paper at a Jerusalem conference about Sabas, the famous founder of the Mar Saba monastery in the Judaean desert,441 investigate various aspects of Cyril's use of Scripture and compare these to the other monastic authors from the 4th to 6th century. Another undeservedly less known author is Macarius Magnes, whose work Monogenes (or Apokritikos) is a long refutation of the attacks on Christian-ity by an unnamed opponent whose identity has always been an object of much speculation (was he Porphyry?). It is a fascinating work which had long awaited a new critical edition. The recent one by Richard Goulet gave me the opportunity to discuss some of the issues in a review article that is reprinted here. Further the reader will find a study, co-authored by my colleague Martien Parmentier, on a recently published papyrus, Pap. Bodmer 30, which contains a very interesting 4th century poem on the sacrifice of Isaac. The article includes the first English translation of the Greek text and a study on both the Jewish and the Christian backgrounds of the many non-biblical elements in this text.45 Finally, as far as

40 'Philo 's In Flaccum and the Book of Acts, ' in: R. Deines & K.-W. Niebuhr (eds), Philo und das Neue Testament. Wechselseitige Wahrnehmungen (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 172), Tübingen 2004, 95-105.

41 'A Christian Piatonist and a Pagan Piatonist on Suicide, ' Vigiliae Christianae 25 (1971) 282-288.

42 'Plato's Fear as a Topic in Early Christian Apologetics, ' Journal of Early Christian Stud-ies 6 (1998) 1-14 , repr. In Hellenism - Judaism - Christianity 257-268.

43 Amsterdam 1998. 44 'The Role of Scripture in Cyril of Scythopolis' Lives of the Monks of Palestine,' in

J. Patrich (ed.), The Sabaite Heritage in the Orthodox Church from the Fifth Century to the Present, Leuven 2001 [published in 2002], 127-145.

45 Published as 'A New Early Christian Poem on the Sacrifice of Isaac,' in A. Hurst & J. Rudhardt (eds.), Le Codex des Visions (Recherches et rencontres 18), Geneva 2002, 155-172. This batch of papyri contains several more early Christian poems that deserve much more at-tention from patristic scholars; see A. Hurst & J. Rudhardt (eds), Papyri Bodmer XXX-XXXVll: Codex des Visions, poèmes divers, München 1999. For one of my earlier publications (with

10 Introduction

Christian sources are concerned, we move to quite a late document, the sev-enth-century 'Ejxan:oQr|Tixà xecpodaia xaxà tcâv 'Iovôaicov, 'Arguments to corner the Jews,' a short Byzantine manual in the form of 25 questions which should enable Christians in their disputations with Jews to drive them into a corner from which they could not escape (note êitaitogritixâ). In this contribution I present the document in a first English translation and add some comments to place the document in its historical context.46

As to the pagan Graeco-Roman part of this volume, I already mentioned the studies on the shadow in Hellenistic folklore and the one on subtractive compos-ite numerals. Apart from these, the reader will find an article on a recently found new fragment of the great philosophical inscription in the city of Oenoanda (Asia Minor), in which the Epicurean thinker Diogenes sets out his view of life according to Epicurus (the text is from the early 2nd century CE). The fragment also chides the Jews as 'the most superstitious and disgusting of all nations,' a statement that I try to put into the context of the tradition of ancient Judaeo-phobia47 and of contemporary history. Jews and Christians were often charged with atheism in the ancient world because they did not worship the generally accepted gods, but they were no atheists in the strict sense, and there were very few atheists in antiquity in general, as far as we know. Nevertheless, atheism did originate in ancient Greece, but why and when and where? That is the topic of another article (originally published in Dutch but here presented in an English translation) in which I argue that even though the well-known Diagoras (5th

century BCE) was the first outspoken atheist, it was in all probability Critias, a nephew of Plato's mother, who first invented a theory that the origin of religion was based on a cynical lust for power.

Finally, there are two pieces on magic, an interdenominational or syncretistic phenomenon of which the documents are often hard to categorize as pagan, Jew-ish or Christian. How difficult it often is to take such a decision (if possible at all) is demonstrated in the article on the great magical papyrus in the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris (PGM IV) and the Bible, as well as in the contribution on the exorcistic formula 'the God who drowned the king of Egypt,' which is of course of Jewish origin but was also in use among pagan magicians.48

A.H.M. Kessels) on a Bodmer papyrus see 'The Vision of Dorotheus (Pap. Bodmer 29). Edited with Introduction, Translation and Notes,' Vigiliae Christianae 41 (1987) 313-359.

46 Originally published as 'Twenty-Five Questions to Corner the Jews: A Byzantine Anti-Jewish Document from the Seventh Century,' in E.G. Chazon, D. Satran & R.A. Clements (eds.), Things Revealed. Studies in Early Jewish and Christian Literature in Honor of Michael E. Stone (Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism 89), Leiden 2004, 289-302.

47 See P. Schäfer ,Judeophobia. Attitudes towards the Jews in the Ancient World, Cambridge MA-London 1997.

48 Originally published as "The God Who Drowned the King of Egypt.' A Short Note on an Exorcistic Formula,' in: A. Hilhorst & G.H. van Kooten (eds.), The Wisdom of Egypt. Jew-ish, Early Christian, and Gnostic Studies in Honour of Gerard P. Luttikhuizen, Leiden 2005, 135-140.

Index of passages

Old Testament

Genesis 14:27 281 1:27 59 15:4 LXX 280, 281,283 1:28 61,62 15:7 282 1:31 64 16:35 264 2:17 119, 121, 122 19:18 274 3:3 119 20:17 146 3:9 122 23:4-5 111 4:7 60 26:33 220 4:15 123 32:10-2 128 5:24 125 34:7 84 6:3 66-70 35:1 268 6:5 8:21

60 60 Leviticus

12:3 (LXX) 217 6:8-13 277 15:1 113 16 220 20:2 119 21:4 203 Numbers

21:6 201 13:33—4 264 22 191-6 14:9 239 22:3^1 203 19:14 240 22:11 194 22:22 128 22:11-12 195 23:19 131, 132 22:13 204 25 :3^ 128 22:17 193 25:8 207, 209 Deuteronomy

26:8 201,205 4:26 112 46:4 265 6:5 60, 65 46:27 265 8:2 264 49:9 51 8:5 132 49:10 217,218,219, 221,225 10:17 112 217,218,219, 221,225

10:22 265 Exodus 11:3-4 LXX 280, 281

3:2 274 11:13 60, 65 3:20 141 16:16 217 4:8 124 18:15 218, 225 4:14 128 18:15-8 21

13:21 274 18:19 218, 225

322 Index of passages

25:3 266-7 17:27-8 135 27:4 146, 156 17:29 135, 27:26 217 17:30 136 28 84 17:34 157 29:5 264 17:40-1 135 30:19 112 22:14-20 87 31:21 60 22:15 89 31:28 112 24:19-20 128 32:1-3 39 34:6 125 3 Kings 34:7 66 14:21 (Vulg.) 252

Joshua 4 Kings 3 277 13:1 (Vulg.) 252 3:13—4 281 5:6 264 1 Chronicles 7:1 128 21:1 129, 7:26 128

10:40 173 2 Chronicles 14:7 264 12:13 (Vulg.) 252 14:10 264 34:22-28 87 19:38 (Vulg.) 253 19:38 (Vulg.)

Ezra Judges 6 218

3:8 128 3:14 (Vulg.) 253 Nehemia 4:4 90 13:28-29 139 4:6 89

10:7 128 Job 10:8 (Vulg.) 253 15:29 (LXX) 240 20:25 (Vulg.) 253 38:10-1 277

2 Samuel Psalms 2:30 (Vulg.) 253 2:5 129 6:7 128 2:12 129 8:13 (Vulg.) 253 4:8 207

22:16 171 7:10 60 24:1 129, 133 18:16 171

25:18 (LXX) 213 1 Kings 27:10 62 18:41-5 212 27:12 171 19:18 158 39:7 (LXX) 198

46:11 (LXX) 213 2 Kings 51:5 62

2:11 125 55:8 (LXX) 213 13:21 87 68:7 (LXX) 214 17 156 81:6 265 17:25 135 82:1 112

New Testament 323

89:4 219 Jeremiah 95:3 112 1:5 212

103:14 60 1:6-10 (LXX) 276 109:4 (LXX) 219, 225 1:9 276 113:3 281 5:22 277 114:3 277 119:21 (LXX) 213 Ezekiel 138:7-8 203 10:5 277 139:8 (LXX) 240 21:36 171 145:9 (LXX) 207,211 24:16 126

Proverbs 36:26 61

Proverbs 38 219 6:5 (LXX) 211

12:17 171 Joel 24:17-8 111 3:10 214 30:16 (LXX) 63

Obadiah Song of Songs 20 44 1:6 171

20 44

Micah Isaiah 5:1 221

2:4 214 5:14 129 6:5-7 141 7:15 20

11:9 220 13:3 129 Zephania 13:5 129 2-3 129 13:9 129 13:13 129 Haggai 35:1 209 2:22-24 226 51:3 209 53:7 204

New Testament

Matthew 28:16 161

5:26 164 28:17 161-3 6:1 164

Mark 6:2 164 Mark

6:5 164 5:9 275

6:16 164 9:17 275 9:20-22 212 9:38 274

20:8 164 12:36 213

22:43-5 213 Luke 25:26-7 210 Luke

26:67 161 1:35 236, 240

27:5 101 2:8-15 212 4:35 273

3 2 4 Index of passages

6:20 166 24:11 260 7:42 164 27:17 179 8:30 275 27-8 103 9:17 260 28:4 107 9:49 274 9:51-3 134 Romans

9:62 213 2:6 164 10:19 213 7:13-25 61 11:24-6 274 11:26 176-1: 13 :4 (Vulg.) 253 13:11 (Vulg.) 253 1 Corinthians

16:22 164-6 10:1-2 194 18:14 211 13:8 211 22:24 163 13:13 220

15:28 200 John

4:9 134 2 Corinthians

4:20 145 1:3 212 4:22 158 11:24 254, 5:5 260 266-8 8:56 197

20:24 163 Galatians 1:15 212

Acts 3:23-29 220 2:9-11 16 3:24-25 221 2:11 107 2:12-3 163 Ephesians

2:30 213 1:3 212 4:36 30 2:2 275-6 5:15 236, 241 3:10 275-6 6:9 103 7:8 179 Colossians

9:1 167-175 4:11 172 11:19-20 30 12:2-3 100 1 Thessalonians

12:22-3 100, 101 4 :16-7 179 13:5 78 13:5-6 30 1 Timothy

15:39 30 2:4 217 16:13 106 5:4 164 16:13-4 84 17:18 163 Philemon

19:7 260 24 172 19:13 274 19:16 274 Hebrews

19:19 270 7:11 219 20:11 179 8 - 9 220 22:3 107 11:29 282

Jewish Literature

James 2:19

Apocalypse 2:17

274

173

5:5 18:6

51 164

Pre-Rabbinic Jewish Literature

Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha Ben S ira 21:11 61 50:26 140 51:12 113

Epistle ofAristeas 305 107

Esther (additions in LXX) C23 112

Jubilees 5:8 67

Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum 18:5 30-33 32:2-3 33:4 40:2 40:6 48:1

1 Maccabees 3:10

15:15 15:17 15:22-23

2 Maccabees 6:2 9

3 Maccabees 5:25

194 90 194 92 194 196 69

140 28 13 13,28

140 101

110

Martyrium Isaiae 3:1-12 141 5:1-14 141

Paralipomena Jeremiae 8 142

Ps-Eupolemos fr. 3

Ps-Phocylides 100-1 102 103-115 103^4 104b 105-8 106 111

115 1 9 3 ^

146

94 94 93 93-94 96 96 96 96 63

Testament of Abraham (rec. A) 7:11 178

16-20 96

Testament of Asher 1:3-9 60

Testament of Solomon 4:1 172

Vitae Prophetarum Jeremiah 6 179 Isaiah 8 91

Dead Sea Scrolls 1QS 3:13-4 60 4Q252 I 2-3 67

326 Index of passages

Josephus Contra Apionem Antiquitates Judaicae 1.205-11 230

1:75 68 1:228-252 231 1:98-9 69 2:91-6 232 1:152 69 1:232 194-5 Vita 4:40 110 427 15 4:176 256, 257 4:238 256, 267 Philo Alexandrinus

4:248 256, 267 De Abrahamo 4:305 146 202 131 5:200-9 90 5:203 90 De Congressu 8:44-49 276 108 170 9:277-291 136, 137, 139 9:278 137 In Flaccum 9:290 137 26 102,103 9:291 137, 138 31 103

10:77 267 41 107 11:302-347 138 53 103 11:346 138 56 106 12:7-10 144 82 100 12:148-152 44 124 112-3 13:74-79 144 101 99 13:78 144 102-3 99 13:284 29 103 100, 103 13:287 29 104 107 13:324-333 29 116 100 14:223-7 45 121-124 108-113 14:258 106 122 106 14:259-61 45 125 110 14:260 46 138 107 18:85-7 21 152-6 102 18:131 29 158 107 19:343-52 101 170 109 20:97-8 21 190 112 20:142 29 191 110 20:167-172 21 20:188 21 De Josepho

21 170 Bellum Judaicum 2:101-116 15 Legatio ad Gaium 6:270 267 3 110 6:285 21 261-348 100 7:437-41 21 282 15,30

De mutatione nominum 215 170

Rabbinic Literature

Quaestiones in Genesim De somniis 1:16 120 1:107 170 1:35 121 2:177-9 131 1:45 122 2:234-7 132 1:75-6 123 1:82 125 De specialibus legibus 1:86 125 2:165 112 1:91 68 4:60 119 Vita Mosis

1:6 131 Quod deus sit immutabilis 1:55 170

59 131 1:113 112 60 131 2:34 106 61-9 131-2 2:37 112

174 170 2:240 170

De sacrificiis 95-6 131

Rabbinic literature

Mishnah Shabbat Avoda Zara 7:2 267 3:8 240

Yevamot Avot 6:6 62 1:1 266 3:15 59 Tosefta

4:1 61 Bava Bathra 1:11 88

Berakhot 7:1 147 Nega 'im 9:5 60, 65 6:2 88

Makkot Terumot 3:10 266 4:14 147

Middot Babylonian Talmud

1:3 88 Arakhin 13a 264

Oholot 2 240 Avoda Zara 5 240 4a 224

11 240 5a 62 5b 61

Sanhedrin 9a-b 20 10:1 148 31a-b 149

48b-49a 240

328 Index of passages

Bava Bathra 16a 123a

61 265

95b 97a-b 99a

265 20 20

Bava Qamma 82b 83a

Berakhot 5a

17a 24b 61a

265

61 61 106 60,61

Shabbat 105b

Sotah 36b

Sukkot 52a 52a-b

61

265

61 60,61

Gittin 56b

Horayoth 12a

Hullin 6a

Keritot 5b-6a

101

241

149

241

Yevamot 64a

122a

Zevahim 118b 119a

265 241

264 264

Jerusalem Talmud Avoda Zara 44d 149

Megillah 14a 14b

Nedarim 20b 38a

Niddah 56b

Pesachim 111b

Qiddushin 30b 75a-76a 75b 76a

Sanhédrin 85b

89

63 265

137, 147

241

61 149 136, 137, 147 147

137, 147

Berakhot l i b

Demai 24c

Eruvin 20b

Gittin 43c

Ketuvot 3 Od

Nazir 57d

Nedarim 41b

147

266

266

137, 147

266

61

Rabbinic literature 329

Ta 'anit 66c 60

Midrashim Canticles Rabba 1.2.4 61

Ecclesiastes Rabba 9:7 61

Exodus Rabba 41:17 61

Genesis Rabba 9:7

10:7 16:6 19:3 19:9 22:12 22:13 22:6 25:1 27:4

61,64 101 119 121 122 123 124 61 125 60

Lamentations Rabba 1.16.45 31

Leviticus Rabba 14:5 62

Mekhilta de-R. Ishmael Beshallach 5 Shabbata 2 Wayassa 3

Numbers Rabba 18 :21

Pesiqta Rabbati 2

26:1-2

68 267 241

267

91 89

Pirqe de-R. Eliezer 39 265

Sifre Deuteronomium 33 45 311

Tanhuma B Wayyikra 12

Targumim Neofiti Gen 6:3

Onkelos Gen 6:3 Num 14:9

Ps-Jonathan Gen 3:9 Gen 6:3 Gen 22:7-11 Num 14:9 Deut 25:3 Deut 30:6

61 60,61 277

61

67

68 240

122 68 195 240 267 61

Non-Talmudic Rabbinic treatises Avoth de-Rabbi Nathan (ree. A)

1 122

16 62 35:1 88

Kuthim 1:1

2:9 134 149

Megillat Ta 'anit 22 147

Semachot 14:10 88

330 Index of passages

Early Christian Literature

Augustine 70 209 De civitate Dei 75 210 15:24 70 90 209

1 Clement Theodosius 31:3 200 2 209

Clement of Alexandria Cyril of Jerusalem Paedagogus Catechesis 1.5.22.2-3 201 5:6 203

Stromateis Epiphanius 1.21.141 116 De mensibus 4.11.68.3 132 16:7-9 148

73.73.73 203 Eusebius

Constitutiones Apostolicae Historia Ecclesiastica 8.12.12 282 3:2 31

20.20 188 Praeparatio Evangelica

Cyril of Scythopolis 9.17.5-6 146 Cyriacus 9.19.4 116

3 210 9.21.1-19 116 10 210,213 3.3.3-3 116

9.29.15 116 Euthymius 16.16.16 116 25 212 11.6.36 273 35 210 39 209 211 Eutychius Alexandrinus

Annates Sabas 2:220-3 32 Prol. 212

2 210, 212, 213 Gregory the Great 4 213 Epistulae 6 209 6.33 41

12 210,213 8.21 41 15 211 9.38 41 16 210,214 23 211 Irenaeus 27 212 Adversus Haereses 28 210,214-5 1.30.14 179 33-8 207 2.6.2 274 39 210,214 4.5.4-5 197 40 210 47 210 62 212

Early Christian Literature

Jerome Melito

Comm. in Is. fragm. 9 204 7:14 223 fragm. 10 204

Quaest. in Gen. Origenes 6:3 69 Contra Celsum

1:6 282 Johannes Moschus 4:33 280 Pratum spirituale 4:34 275 172 224 4:71-2 133

Horn. 8 in Gen. 197 Julius Africanus Horn, injer. fragm. 7 69 18-20 133

Justin Martyr Orosius Dialogus cum Tryphone Judaeo Historia adv. paganos

85:2 282 7.12.8 31 131:3 282

Photius Justinian Bibliotheca Novella 146 105, 223 cod. 32 224

Lactantius Romanos Melodos De mortibus persecutorum Kontakion 50:1 101 3.14 200

Macarius Magnes Socrates Scholasticus Monogenes (Apokritikos) Historia Ecclesiastica 2.7.10 184 7:38 18 2.16.26-9 184 3.42.6 186 Sophronius 4.5.1 184 Laudatio Cyr. etJoh. 4.5.2 184 55 31-:

Malalas Chronographia 10.20 55 15.15 55 16.6 55-6

Tatian Oratio ad Graecos 27 248

Zeno of Verona De Abrahamo 1.43 198,201-

332 Index of passages

Pagan Greek and Latin Literature

Aelian Apollodorus De natura animalium Bibliotheca 3:7 235 2.7.3 254 6:14 235

Apollonius Rhodius Aeschylus Argonautìca Agamemnon 2:974-5 256,

187 168 219 168 Aristophanes 374-5 168 Aves

1206 169 1121 169 1235 169

Ranae Choephoroi 1016 169 391-2 169 952 169 Aristaenetus

Epist. 1:5 171 Eumenides 840 169 Aristotle

Historia animalium Persae 3:20 (522a30-

339 255 31) 259 343 255

1062 193 Poetica 17 (1455bl) 178

Septem 52-3 169 Politica

5.9.23 Supplices (1315b36) 259 7-7 169 5.11.25

(1315al-3) 229 Andocides

(1315al-3)

De Mysteriìs Rhetorica 38 162 2.14.4

105 162-3 (1390bl0—11) 255, fragm. 369 Rose 235

Anthologia Palatina fragm. 369 Rose

2:233 170 Aulus Gellius 2:451 170 Noctes Atticae 5:259 170 10:28 252 7:25 170 9:159 170, 174 Caesar

11:240 174 De Bello Gallico 1:8 253

Antiphon 2:5 253 fragm. 49 170 4:19 253

Pagan Greek and Latin Literature

Cassius Dio Diogenes Laertius 58.20.5 256 Lives of the eminent philosophers 68.32.1-2 31,232 5:27 258

Chion Dionysius of Halicarnassus Epistula Antiquitates Romanae 3:3 170, 174 7.3.2 257

7.51.3 170 Cicero De natura deorum Epictetus 1.17.45 130 Dissertationes 1:117 247 2.15.8 178 1:118 247 3.23.1-2 178

In Catilinam Euripides 2:1 171 Andromache

189-90 169 In Verrem 326-7 169, 174 4:123 252

Bacchae Pro Roscio Amerino 620 169

7:20 252 640 169 35:99 252 1348 130

Tusculanae disputationes Bellerophon 3.12.26 236 fragm. 286 248

Cornutus Hecuba Compendium 1161-3 162 35 97

Hercules furens Critias 635-6 162 fr. 88A3 D-K 243 fr. 88B25 D-K 242 Iphigeneia Aulensis

458-9 196 Digesto 37.37.37 252 Iphigeneia Taurensis

288 169 Dio Chrysostom Oratio Phoenissae 67:4—5 237 454 169

876 169 Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca histórica Rhesus 1.1.1.1 229 785 169 4.4.4 255, 256, 258

334 Index of passages

Eutropius 1:1

Geoponica 15.1.10

Heliodorus Aethiopica 1.2.1

Herodotus Historiae 1:84 1:94 1:106 1:126

1:130 1:196 1:202 2:7 2:134 2:142 2:143 3:90 3:93^1 4:1 4:35 5:84 6:27 7:186 8:48 9:30 9:33 9:70

Herondas Mimiambe 8:58

Hesiod Opera et dies 780 814

253

235

170

261 259 258 259 258, 259 165 255.256 258 257 258 261 258 261 258 65 165 258 259 259 255.257 256, 257 258

170

255 255

Hippiatrica Berolinensia 130:135 239

Hippocrates De affectibus 9

Homer Iliad

1:25 1:297 2:356 2:557 2:637 2:713 2:748 3:8 4:109

11:508 21:386 21:395 24:364 24:496 24:496

Odyssee 5:278 5:279

10:495 11:207 16:249 19:138-9

Horatius Carmina 4.13.19

Isaeus Orationes 11:43 12:270

Isocrates Orationes 12:270

Livy History 3:24 3.24.10

259

254 168 168 254 254 254 254 168 254 168 167 168 168 255 261

54, 255 255,261 239 239 254, 255 168

171

255 256

258

252 253

Pagan Greek and Latin Literature

23.46.4 253 Vitae Sophistarum 29.2.17 252 1:16 244 34.10.4 253 36.45.3 252 Pindar 37.30.8 252 Nemean Odes 3.3.3 252 3:41-2 170 14.14.14 252 40.40.13 253 Pythian Odes 45.43.3 253 4:10 262 45.43.5 252 9:113

10:44 255,261 169, 174

Lucian 11:29-30 169 Lexiphanes 2 163 Plato

Gorgias Lucretius 457d 177-8 De rerum natura 5:392 171 Leges 6:783-5 238 666a

828b-c 259 162

Lysias 833d 259 Orationes 908b-e 246 12:18 165 910c 165 19:43 256

Phaedo Nepos 58b 165 Cato 1:2 252 Protagoras

314c 177 Nonnus Dionysiaca Respublica 48:650 171 368d 178

Ovid Metamorphoses 12:553-5 254

Pausanias Descriptio Graeciae 3.11.6-8 257 8.38.6 237

Philostratus Heroicus 1:3 237

Vita Apollonii 3:15 239

Plautus Mercator 430 252

Pliny the Elder Naturalis Historia

7:214 251 7:214 254 8:106 235

17:18 238 19.1.3 102 28:69 236 30:11 35

336 Index of passages

Plutarch De sera numinis vindicta 12 130 20 130

De Stoicorum repugnantiis 38, 1050E 231

De superstitione 3,166A 231 8,169C 231

12.171C 247-8

Quaestiones Graecae 39,300C 238

Caesar

30:3 255,256

Pompeius 79:4 256,259

Polybius Historia 12.16.13 256 16.12.7 237

Ps-Callisthenes Historia Alexandri Magni rec.A 46 170

Ps-Hesiod Aspis 23-5 168, 174

Quintilian Institutiones 3.7.21 230

Sappho fragm. 47 168

Scholion on Callimachus Hymn to Zeus 1:13 238

Sextus Empiricus Pyrrhoneiai Hypotyposeis 1:162 130

Solinus Collectanea 27:24 237

Porphyry De antro nympharum 26 237

Proclus In Rempublicam I p.290 (Kroll) 235

Propertius Elegiae

1.3.7 171

Protagoras

fragm. 80B4 D K 245

Ps-Aristotle De mirabilibus auscultationibus 145 235

Sophocles Antigone 806-8 196 30-30 169 1177 174

Electra 610

Strabo Geographica

6.3.7 16.2.35-6 16.2.37

169

102 230 230

Tabula Cebetis 19:1 178

Inscriptions and Papyri

Tacitus Varro Annales De re rustica 12:56 253 2.4.11 252

Historiae Virgil 2.59 253 Aeneid 5.2.1-3 16-7 7:510 253 5.3-5 232 5.5.1 232 Eclogae

10:75-6 239 Themistius Oratio Xenophon 1:7 171 Anabasis

1.3.14 165 Theocritus 1.10.3 162 Idylle 2.3.10 162 18:54-5 170 3.4.5 259 22:82 170 5.4.31 162

7.1.4 178 Theophrastus 7.4.16 259 Characteres 7.5.2 162 16 229 18 177 Cyropaedia

2.1.1 178 Thucydides 3.2.12 162 Historiae 1.37.1 177 Hellenica 2.13.3 258 1.1.5 259 1.1.1.1 177 1.2.14 162 4.38.5 255,258 2.3.47 244 4.101.1 261 7.5.12 170 4.102.3 259 5:31 165 Memorabilia Socratis 7.28.3 261 1.2.12 244 8.108.1-2 259

Inscriptions and Papyri

CIJ718 105 CIL 5:4299 251 CIJ 725 110 CIL 10:3427 251 CIJ 731c 25 CPJ513 75 CIJ 735 33 DF 82 33 CIJ 736 32 DF 83 32 CIJ 737 34 DF 84 34 CIJ 754 105 DF 85 33

338 Index of passages

GMA32 39—41 IJO II 77 83 IG 1.374 259, 260 IJO II 78 83 IG II 2.652 162 IJO II 80-85 83 IJO I Ach 76 IJO II 129 83 I JO I Ach 15 73 IJO II 131 83 IJO I Ach30 77 IJO II 156 84 I JO I Ach35 75 IJO II 180 84 IJO I Ach36 75 IJO II 191 84 IJO I Ach37 75 IJO II 209-297 81 IJO I Ach41 75 IJO II 213 84 IJO I Ach5 76 IJO II 218 84 IJO I Ach6 76 IJO II 222 85 IJO I Ach8-14 76 IJO II 224 85 IJO I Ach50 73 IJO II 240 85 IJO I Ach60-64 76 IJO III Cyp3 78 IJO I Ach66-67 76 IJO III Cyp6-8 78 IJO I Ach67 13 IJO III Syr3 78 IJO I Ach68 76 IJO III Syr5-8 79 IJO I Ach72 77 IJO III Syr6 78 IJO I Ach73 77 IJO III Syr 10 79 IJO I BS 16 77 IJO III Syr 11 78 IJO I BS20 77 IJO III Syrl 7—19 79 IJO I Cre3 25 IJO III Syr25-26 79 IJO I Dal2 75 IJO III Syr32 79 IJO I Dal4 75 IJO III Syr51-52 79 IJO I Mac 1 75 IJO III Syr53-72 79 IJO I Mac8 75 IJO III Syr58 79 IJO I Mac9 75 IJO III Syr61-71 79 IJO I Pani 75 IJO III Syrl21 79 IJO I Pan2 75 IJO III Syrl24-125 79 IJO I Thr3 81 IK Milet 740h 54 IJO I Thr4 81 Inscr Cret 1:5,17 24 IJO II 5a 81 Inscr Cret 2:8 23 IJO II 12 81 Inscr Cret 2:24,12 23 IJO II 13 81 Inscr Cret 4:509 22, 77 IJO II 15 54 JIWE I 36 80 IJO II 16 54 J IWEI 143 37 IJO II 32 82 JIWE I 144 37 IJO II 33 82 JIWE I 145 37, 40,41 IJO II 35 82 JIWE I 146 38 IJO II 37 82 JIWE I 147 38 IJO II 40 82 JIWE I 148 38,41 IJO II 41 82 JIWE I 149 38,41 IJO 1153-143 47-52 JIWE I 150 38 IJO II 63 83 J IWEI 151 38 IJO II 69 83 J IWEI 152 38 ,40 IJO II 70-123 81 J IWEI 153 38,41 IJO II 71 83 J IWEI 154 38

Inscriptions and Papyri 339

J IWEI 155 38 JIWE II 577 104 J IWEI 156 38, 40 JIWE II 578 105 J IWEI 157 38,41 JIWE II 579 105 JIWE I 158 38 JIWE II 584 104 JIWE I 159 38 KAI 260 44 J IWEI 160 38 Naveh-Shaked I 13 283 J IWEI 161 38,41 Pap. Maspero 70:2 257 JIWE II 1 104 Pap. Maspero 67188 239 JIWE II 2 105 Pap. Oxyrrhynchus JIWE II 33 105 264:2—4 256, 257 JIWE II 69 104 Pap. Bodmer 30 190-205 JIWE II 96 104 PGM IV 269-279 JIWE II 98 104 PGM IV 296-434 271 JIWE II 100 76, 104 PGM IV 436^461 271 JIWE II 106 105 PGM IV 1219 277 JIWE II 113 104 PGM IV 1957-1981 271 JIWE II 114 105 PGM IV 2241-2347 271 JIWE II 117 105 PGM IV 2902-2939 271 JIWE II 130 104 PGM IV 3007-3086 273,281 JIWE II 163 104 PGM IV 3013 273 JIWE II 165 104 PGM IV 3017 274 JIWE II 166 104 PGM IV 3019-20 274 JIWE II 167 104 PGM IV 3023 274 JIWE II 169 104 PGM IV 3026-7 274 JIWE II 170 104 PGM IV 3033-8 275 JIWE II 189 104 PGM IV 3038 275 JIWE II 194 104 PGM IV 3039-40 276 JIWE II 288 76, 104 PGM IV 3042 275 JIWE II 338 104 PGM IV 3043—4 275 JIWE II 406 104 PGM IV 3044 275 JIWE II 428 104 PGM IV 3047 275 JIWE II 451 104 PGM IV 3050-1 276 JIWE II 452 104 PGM IV 3052 276 JIWE II 488 104 PGM IV 3053-5 277, 281 JIWE II 527 104 PGM IV 3056-8 277 JIWE II 540 105 PGM IV 3061 277 JIWE II 542 104 PGM IV 3062^4- 277 JIWE II 547 104 PGM IV 3069-70 277 JIWE II 549 104 PGM IV 3084-6 277 JIWE II 557 104 PGM XXXVI 295-311 282 JIWE II 558 104 PGM XXXVI 306 282 JIWE II 560 104 SEG 8:269 13 JIWE II 576 104

Index of modem authors

Accorinti, D. 6, 79 Adler, W. 70 Alexander, H.B. 234 Alexander, Ph. S. 126, 273, 274, 277, 282 Alexiou, M. 196 Ameling, W. 43, 51, 71, 74, 80-85, 228,

229, 233 Ankermann, B. 234 Applebaum, S. 17,29 Armstrong, A.H. 273 Athanassiadi, P. 35, 74 Aune, D. 273, 274, 275, 280, 284 Avemarie, F. 4 Avigad, N. 71 Avi-Yonah, M. 223

Baarda, T. 166 Bacht, H. 208,210,215 Baldeiii, R. 206 Bandy, A.C. 22 ,24 ,25 Barb, A.A. 281 Barclay, J.G.M. 6 , 4 3 , 4 5 Bardy, G. 116,280 Barnett, P.W. 20 Baron, S.W. 19,41 Barr, J. 93 Barrett, C.K. 98, 101-2, 105, 177 Bartelink, G.J.M. 208 Basnage, J. 151-160 Bauer, H. 264 Bauer, W. 256 Baumann, U. 12 Baumgärtel, F. 171 Baumgartner, W. 171 Beames, J. 252 Beatrice, P. F. 181 Beck, H.-G. 206,222 Becking, B. 136 Bees, N. A. 27

Bekkum, W.J. van 224, 226 Belkin, S. 116 Bell, H.l. 263 BenSasson, H. 19 Benko, S. 181 Benoit, A. 27 Bérard, F. 72 Bernand, A. 278 Bernhardt, K.H. 19 Bettenson, H. 70 Betz, H.D. 269,270 Bickermann, E. 116, 232 Bie, J.P. de 152 Bieler, M. 234,239 Billerbeck, P. 146, 148, 267 Binns, J. 206 ,207 ,209 ,211 ,212 , Blaise, A. 180 Blass, F. 161,253 Blau, L. 282 Bleeker, C.J. 20 Bloch, R.S. 232 Bloedhorn, H. 22 ,71 ,73 Blondel, Ch. 182 Blowers, P.M. 133 Blumenkranz, B. 18,222 Blumenthal, A. von 244 Boeft, J. den 191,224,249 Bogaert, M. 92 Bohak, G. 229 Böhm, M. 136,137 Bóid, R. 149 Bolkestein, H. 229 Bonnard, P. 161 Bonner, C. 272 Borgen, P. 109,114 Bousset, W. 96 Box, H. 106,112 Boyarin, D. 61 ,62-5 Bozzo, G.B. 181

Index of modem authors 341

Bradshaw, P.F. 210 Brashear, W. 269-273 Braun, H.E. 191 Brede Kristensen, W. 234 Bremmer, J.N. 7, 191, 246, 247, 249 Brock, S.P. 196, 199, 200, 203, 204 Bronner, L.L. 89 Brooten, B.J. 25-26 ,55 Brown, P. 60,92 Brox, N. 280 Bruneau, Ph. 13-14 ,28 ,145 Bullard, R. 241 Bunte, W. 91 Burton-Christie, D. 208, 210, 211,213,

214,215 Bury, J.B. 243,246 Buxton, R. 247

Cadbury, H. 172 Cameron, A. 53-56 Camp, C.V. 87 Cancik, H. 8 Canivet, P. 184,208 Casson, L. 103 Cavallin, H.C.C. 93 Cazeaux, J. 122 Cerny, G. 152-155 Charlesworth, J.H. 7, 67 Chazon, E. 10 Chesnut, G.F. 18 Chirat, H. 180 Chuvin, P. 6 ,79 Claußen, C. 34, 105, 106 Clements, R. 10 Coggins, R.J. 136 Cohen Stuart, G. 59 Cohen, A. 134 Cohen, J. 62 Cohen, S.J.D. 32 ,33 Cohn, H.H. 268 Cohn-Sherbock, D. 117 Colera, P.B. 229 Collins, J.J. 93-7 Colson, F.H. I l l Conzelmann, H. 16 Cook, A.B. 238 Cook, J.G. 133,181,189 Cox Miller, P. 273

Cox, D.H. 29 Crafer, T.W. 183 Cranfield, C.E.B. 177 Creed, J.L. 101 Cross, F.M. 47 Crown, A.D. 4, 14, 38, 134, 139,

154 Crum, W.E. 263 Cumont, F. 97

Dagron, G. 56, 223 Dalman, G. 266 Danby, H. 88,240 Daniel, R.W. 273 Daniélou, J. 203 Danker, F.W. 230,231 Datema, C. 199 Davies, M. 243 Debrunner, A. 161,174,253 Decharme, P. 244 ,245 ,246 Deines, R. 5 , 9 Deissmann, A. 164, 273, 276, 277, 282 Delling, G. 139 Denniston, J.D. 94,97, 162 DePalma Digeser, E. 185 Derda, T. 77 Déroche, V. 56 ,216 ,220 ,223 ,224 Dexinger, F. 134, 136, 138, 139, 146,

148, 158 Di Berardino, A. 208 DiSegni, L. 147 Dibelius, M. 16 Diez Macho, A. 240 Dillon, J. 131,132, Dinur, B. 152 Dixon, R.M.W. 250 Dodds, E.R. 246 Dölger, F.J. 206 Döpp, S. 221 Dornseiff, F. 273 Dörrie, H. 114,248 Dörries, H. 114,209,214 Dragona-Monachou, M. 48 Drexler, W. 237 Dreyer, O. 115,129 Drenke, P. 196 Dunn, J.D.G. 177 Düring, I. 174

342 Index of modern authors

Ebeling, H. 174 Gardiner, A. 263 Edel, E. 263 Gärtner, H.A. 115 Egger, R. 14,138,145 Gaster, M. 278 Eisenstein, J.D. 241 Gaster, T.H. 237,240 Eissfeldt, 0 . 16 Geerlings, W. 221 Eitrem, S. 273 ,275 ,276 Geiger, B. 79 Elior, R. 126 George, B. 236,239 Evans, C.A. 96 Gerschmann, K.H. 110 Eynde, C. van den 199 Gerth, B. 162,174,178

Gibson, E.L. 72, 77 Fahr, W. 245 ,246 ,248 Gildersleeve, B.L. 161 Falk, Z.W. 268 Gill, D.W.J. 30 Falkenstein, A. 250 Ginzberg, L. 54, 68, 70, 87, 88, 196, Fauth, W. 17 276 Feldman, D.M. 65 Glare, P.W. 252 Feldman, L.H. 51 ,68 ,90 Glempf, C. 30 Fernández Marcos, N. 39 Glenthej, J.B. 205 Festugiére, A.-J. 206, 207, 236 Gleßmer, U. 67 Fine, S. 51 Goldin, J. 62 Finkel, J. 240 Goldstein, J.A. 13,28 Fischel, H.A. 240 Gonda, J. 254 Fischer, B. 253,254 Goodman, M. 12 Fischer, H. 234 Gordon, R.L. 109 Fitzgerald, J.T. 178 Goulet, R. 181-189 Fitzmyer, J.A. 147 Grabbe, L.L. 135,136,140 Flusin, B. 206,212 Graf, F. 275,281 Fossum, J. 149 Grayston, K. 161 Foucart, P. 182 Grese, W.C. 277,281 Fowden, G. 269 Gressmann, H. 96 Fram, E. 117 Grimal, P. 244 Frankfurter, D. 281 Gross, K. 110,195 Fräser, P.M. 12 Grossfeld, B. 67 Frazer, J.G. 234, 235, 237 Grundmann, W. 161 Frede, M. 35 ,74 Guarducci, M. 12,22 Freedman, H. 120 Gudemann, A. 115,117 Frerichs, E.S. 226 Gulkowitsch, L. 134 Frey, J.-B. 6 ,32 ,71 , 104, Guthrie, W.K.C. 243, 245, 246, 248, Frick, P. 109 249 Friedlander, G. 265 Frohnhofen, H. 128 Haag, E. 152 Fuks, A. 71 Haas, L. 117 Fuks, L. 153 Hachlili, R. 96, 195 Fuks, R. 153 Hackett, J. 172

Hagner, D. 163 Gager, J.G. 35,282 Haidon, J.F. 223 Galling, K. 104 Hall, B.W. 146,148,149 Gamble, H.Y. 209,210 Hamilton, A. 155 García Martínez, F. 7, 67, 93 Hamonville, D.M. d' 63

Index of modern authors 343

Hansen, G.C. 18 Hanson, J.S. 20 Hargis, J.W. 181 Harl, M. 66,225 Harnack, A. (von) 182 Harrington, D.J. 147 Harvey, A.E. 266 Harvey, G. 76 Hauser, A.J. 117 Hay, D. 114 Hayward, C.T.R. 69, 195 Heine, R. 133 Heine, S. 25 Heinemann, I. I l l Heinimann, F. 245 Heitmüller, W. 284 Heitsch, E. 271 Helbing, R. 173 Hemelrijk, E.A. 229 Hempel, Ch. 126 Hengel, M. 13,20,31, Henrichs, A. 271 Herion, G.A. 129 Hermann, A. 53 Herrmann, P. 54 Herzer, J. 142-143 Heubner, H. 17 Heurtebize, B. 152 Hezser, C. 84 Hilgert, E. 114 Hi Ihorst, A. 10,224 Hill, G. 28 ,29 Himmelfarb, M. 226 Hirschberg, H.Z. 17 Hirschfeld, Y. 209 Hirshman, M. 196 Hjelm, I. 134,140 Hoenig, S.B. 267 Hoffmann, R.J. 181 Hofmann, J.B. 252 Holladay, C.R. 14,116,146 Holtz, B.W. 117 Holtzmann, O. 88 Holwerda, D. 177,179 Hölzer, V. 235,239 Hopfner, Th. 272,281 Horbury, W. 32 ,71 ,91 ,110 ,222 ,273 ,

282

Horsley, R.A. 20-21 Horst, P.W. van der 1-11, 26, 28, 32,

33, 34, 37, 39, 40, 41, 47, 49, 59, 62, 63, 71, 73, 75, 77, 81-85, 90-95, 98, 103-5, 107, 108, 113, 116, 126, 139, 143, 145, 190, 192, 207, 208, 225, 232, 235, 240

Hospers-Jansen, A.M.A. 17 Howard, W. F. 161,165 Hull, J.M. 274,275 Humbert, J. 174 Hunt, E.D. 102 Hurst, A. 9, 190, 191 Hussey, R. 18 Hyman, N.M. 89, 121

Isaac, B. 48

Jackson, F. 168 Jacobs, L. 61 Jacobson, H. 20, 69, 194 Jacoby, A. 276 Jacoby, F. 247,248,249 James, M.R. 27 Jamin, H. 155 Jannaris, A.N. 260, 261 Jeffreys, E. 55 Jeffreys, M. 55 Jellinek, A. 54 Jensen, R.M. 196 Jeremias, J. 21,87, 91, 147 Jocelyn, H.D. 236 Johnson, E. 129 Jones, S. 106 Juster, J. 20 ,34

Kahn, Ch. H. 242, 243, 245, 249 Kaibel, G. 172 Kamesar, A. 66,70, 115, 116, 117 Karlin-Hayter, P. 56 Kartveit, M. 141 Käsemann, E. 177 Kasper, C. 221 Kessels, A.H.M. 10,190,249 Kessler, E. 197 Kiley, M. 7 Kippenberg, H. 147, 148 Kirchbaum, E. 203

3 4 4 Index of modern authors

Klein, M. 68 Kleinknecht, H. 168 Kleve, K. 246 Knox, L.W. 273, 276, 277, 280, 283 Koch, H. 131 Koehler, L. 171 Koets, P.J. 229 Kolenkow, A. 276 Kondoleon, Ch. 55 Kooten, G.H. van 10 Korpel, M.C.A. 136 Kotansky, R. 37-8 , 39, 273, 279, 280,

282 ,284

Kraabel, A.T. 14, 27, 43, 46, 47, 48, 145 Kraeling, C.H. 79, 195 Kraemer, R.S. 22, 25, 34, 73 Kraft, R.A. 134 Krauss, S. 3 1 , 3 2 , 3 4 , 2 2 2 , 2 6 6 Kroll, J.H. 43, 47, 49, 51, 52, 72 Kropp, M. 272 Krueger, D. 209 ,212 Küchler, M. 26 Kugel, J.L. 7 ,67 , 118-120, 125 Kühner, R. 162 ,174 ,178 Kundert, L. 194 Kushnir-Stein, A. 102-3

Labrousse, E. 152 Lake, K. 168,172 Lamberton, R. 115 Lambros, S. 236 Lampe, G.W.H. 8 3 , 2 1 5 , 2 1 6 Lankhorst, O.S. 153 Larson, C.W. 113 Latte, K. 177 ,179 ,180 Lawson, J.C. 235 Layton, B. 180 Le Bohec, Y. 71 LeDeaut , R. 68 Le Moyne, J. 148,267 Leander, P. 264 Leclercq, H. 273 Leeuw, G. van der 234 Lefkowitz, M. 246 Leon, H.J. 71 Leonhardt, J. 46, 106 Lerch, D. 196 Leroy-Molinghen, A. 208

Lesky, A. 243 ,244 Leumann, M. 252 Lévi, I. 21 Levine, L.I. 3 3 , 4 1 , 4 5 Levinskaya, I. 6, 72 Lévy-Bruhl, I. 234 Lewis, Ch. T. 252 Lewis, D.M. 71 Lewy, H. 273 Lichtenberger, H. 8, 60 Lichtenstein, H. 147 Lieberman, S. 91 Lifshitz, B. 6, 22-3 , 32, 33, 47, 51, 71 Lightstone, J.N. 91 Linder, A. 20, 222, 223, 224 Lipinski, E. 44 Livrea, E. 191 Lohmeier, E. 161 Lohr, H. 7 Long, A.A. 228 Loosjes, J. 152 Louth, A. 69, 122, 123 Lucchesi Palli, E. 203 Lüderitz, G. 71 Luttikhuizen, G.P. 67 ,93 Luz, U. 177

Maas, P. 177 Macdonald, J. 141 Magen, Y. 139 Mäher, M. 68, 195 Maier, J. 67 Malherbe, A J . 208 Maltomini, F. 273 Mansfeld, J. 123 Maraval, P. 18 Marcus, R. 45, 120 Marcus, S. 12 Martin, D.B. 229 ,231 Masaracchia, E. 181 Maspéro, G. 282 Matthews, E.G. 204 Mazar, B. 7 1 , 8 7 Me Arthur, H. 62 McGowen, A. 233 McKay, K.L. 161 McLean, B.H. 6 McNamara, M. 67

Index of modem authors 345

McVey, K. 208 Méasson, A. 122 Meijer, P.A. 246 Meisterhans, K. 261 Mélèze-Modrzejewski, J. 31,108 Menken, M. 166 Mercier, Ch. 68, 120 Meredith, A. 181 Meyer, M. 279 ,281 ,284 Michel, O. 177 Millar, F. 12 ,28 ,44 ,104, Milligan, G. 239 Miranda, E. 72 Mirecki, P. 279,281,284 Mirsky, M.J. 226 Mitchell, S. 35,74 Mitford, T.B. 28, 32, 33, 34, 35 Mittmann-Richert, U. 4 Monier-Williams, M. 252 Montgomery, J.A. 145 Moore, G.F. 60-2 ,266 ,267 Mor, M. 229 Morabito, V. 141 Mortari, L. 206 Moulton, J.H. 161,165,239 Mussies, G. 4, 17,50

Naveh, J. 283 Negelein, J. von 234 Nestle, W. 101, 172, 243, 244, 245, 246,

247, 248, 249 Newman, J.H. 7 Nickelsburg, G.W.E.134 Niebuhr, K.-W. 5 , 9 Niggemeyer, J.-H. 273 Nikiprowetzky, V. 110,111,114 Nilsson, M.P. 235, 237, 246 Nobbs, A. 30 Nock, A.D. 93 ,270 ,271 ,279 Noethlichs, K. 32,222 Noy, D. 22, 23, 37, 40, 50, 71-86, 104 Nystrom, B. 23

Odeberg, H. 124 Oegema, G.S. 4 Olsson, B. 106 Onians, R.B. 167-8 Oppenheimer, A. 48

Orcibal, J. 151 Osborn, E. 133

Panayotov, A. 22 ,71 ,73 Parker, R. 231,245,246 Parmentier, M.F.G. 9, 196 Patrich, J. 9 ,209 Pearce, S. 106 Pearson, B.W.R. 225 Pease, A.S. 247 Pelletier, A. 108 Perichon, P. 18 Perrot, Ch. 92 Pesch, R. 16 Petit, F. 114,204 Popkin, R.H. 155 Porter, F.C. 59-61 Porter, S.E. 225 Porton, G. 117 Powell, J.E. 259 Pradel, F. 234,239 Preisendanz, K. 269,276,281 Preisigke, F. 257,263 Preuschen, E. 172,173 Price, J. 86 Price, R.M. 206 Pulleyn, S. 110 Pummer, R. 14, 38, 134, 139, 140, 145,

154, 224 Purvis, J.D. 134,136,140

Rabello, A.M. 20 Radt, S. 180 Rahmani, L.Y. 72,96 Rajak, T. 46 ,48 ,52 Ramsey, B. 208 Regnault, L. 208 Rehkopf, F. 161 Reifenberg, A. 2 8 , 3 1 , 3 2 , 3 4 Reinink, G.J. 224 Reland, A. 155 Rengstorf, K.H. 230 Reverdin, O. 190 Rey-Coquais, J.-P. 54 Reynolds, J. 48 ,54 ,81 Riedweg, C. 248 Rinaldi, G. 181 Rist, J.M. 228

346 Index of modern authors

Rist, M. 272 Rizzo, S. 181 Robert, L. 2 4 , 4 3 , 4 7 , 5 0 - 1 Robertson, A.T. 161 Rochholz, E.L. 234 Romero Pose, E. 208 Rompay, L. van 199 Roscher, W.H. 237, 238, 267 Roth, L. 29 ,78 Roueche, Ch. 5 4 , 5 7 - 8 , 8 2 Rowlands, E.C. 251 Rubinkiewicz, R. 273 Rudhardt, J. 9, 190, 191 Ruiten, J.T.A.G.M. 67 Runesson, A. 106

Runia, D.T. 5, 114, 120, 125, 130, 132, 133,243

Saffrey, H.D. 216 Safrai, S. 12 Saldarini, A.J. 62 Salvesen, A. 123 Sander-Hansen, C.E. 263 Sanders, I.F. 12 ,25 ,26 Satran, D. 10 ,90,91 Sauer, G. 129 Sawyer, J.F.A. 209 Schäfer, P. 8, 10, 85, 108, 230, 232, 283 Schechter, S. 59-61 Schenkl, H. 178 Schermann, Th. 283 Schiffman, L.H. 136, 147, 149, 150 Schmid, W. 244,249 Schmidt, F. 179 Schnabel, E.J. 50 Schneider, G. 16 Schreckenberg, H. 32 ,216 ,222 Schürer, E. 12, 31, 42, 274, 277 Schwabe, M. 71 Schwartz, D. 99, 100, 102, 103 Schwartz, E. 206,207,213 Schwarzfuchs, S. 21 Schwemer, A.M. 31,90, 179 Schwyzer, E. 174,253,261 Scott, R. 55 Seager, A.R. 43 Sedley, D.N. 228 Segal, A.F. 195

Segonds, A.-Ph. 216 Seligsohn, M. 18 Shaked, Sh. 283 Shanks, H. 88 Sharf, A. 56,223 Sherif, M. 57-8 Short, Ch. 252 Silver, A.H. 19 Silvera, M. 152 Simon, M. 20 ,35 ,221 ,224 Simon, R. 154 Simonsohn, S. 37 Sirinjan, M. 18 Sjöberg, E. 129 Skard, E. 177,179 Skarsten, R. 114 Sly, D. 123

Smallwood, M. 29 ,31 ,36 Smelik, K.A.D. 229 Smith, A. 115,182 Smith, M. 3 9 , 4 6 , 9 1 , 2 6 8 , 2 7 2 , 2 7 8 - 9 ,

280, 282 Smith, M.F. 85, 227, 229, 233 Snell, B. 242 Solin, H. 23 Somolinos, J.R. 229 Sperber, A. 68 Speyart van Woerden, I. 196 Speyer, W. 101 Spicq, C. 16,229 Spiegel, S. 195 Stählin, G. 129 Stählin, O. 244 Stanton, G.N. 110 Starr, J. 32,58 Stein, E. 206

Stemberger, G. 19,117,148 Stemplinger, E. 235 Sterling, G.E. 5 , 6 4 ,9 8 ,1 1 4 Stern, D. 226 Stern, E. 139 Stern, M. 1 2 , 1 4 , 1 7 , 2 3 , 2 9 , 3 1 , 3 5 , 4 2 ,

71,230 Stiegmann, E. 59 ,62 ,65 Stolte, B.H. 224 Stone, M.E. 46 Stratos, A.N. 223 Stroumsa, G.G. 110

Index of modern authors 347

Swetnam, J. 195 Wagenaar, W.A. 58 Swidler, L. 26 Wander, B. 48 Szantyr, A. 252 Washburn, D.L. 118

Watson, D.F. 117 Tabory, J. 5 , 8 , 113 Weinberger, L.J. 21 Tal, A. 154 Wendt, H.H. 173 Tannenbaum, R. 4 8 , 5 4 , 8 1 Wessely, C. 270 Tardieu, M. 273 Wevers, J.W. 225 Tcherikover, V.A. 1 4 , 2 2 , 7 1 White, L.M. 178 Terian, A. 114 Wigoder, G. 117 Tevel, J.M. 198,202 Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, U. von 162 Thomsen, P. 206 Wilckens, U. 176 Thornhill, R. 142 Wilken, R. 181,226 Thraede, K. 283 Wilkinson, J. 92 Thum, J. 55 Williams, M.H. 55, 72, 77, 86 Tiede, D.L. 21 Williamson, R. 98 Till, W.C. 262 Wineland, J.D. 44 Tonneau, R.M. 204 Winiarczyk, M. 243, 246, 247, 248, Tournay, R. 146 249 Tozzer, A.M. 251 Winston, D. 64, 131 Trafton, J.L. 67 Winter, B.W. 98 Trebilco, P.R. 4 3 , 4 4 , 5 1 , 2 3 3 Winton Thomas, D. 239 Turner, N. 161 Wolff, H.W. 44

Wünsch, R. 282 Unger, D.J. 180 Unnik, W.C. van 2 Yadin, Y. 87 Untersteiner, M. 243, 244 Yardeni, M. 154,155 Urbach, E.E. 20 ,59 , 121

Zahn, Th. 177,186 Van der Horst, see Horst, van der Zamagni, C. 4 VanderKam, J.C. 126 Zangenberg, J. 137, 140, 141, 144, 146, Verdenius, W.J. 168 147 Vermes, G. 12,195 Zeller, D. 124 Versnel, H. 246 Zgusta, L. 80 Ville-Patlagean, E. 54 Zimmermann, B. 243 Vögeli, A. 172 Zwi Werblowski, R.J. 20 ,117 Volgers, A. 4 Voste, J.-M. 199

Index of names and subjects

120 years 66-70 Abraham 190-205,209 Abu'l Fath 155 accommodation 131 acrostichon 191 Acts of the Apostles 98-105 Adam 122 additive numerals 250-68 afterlife 93-7 Agrippa I 30 ,99-103 air 96-7, 275 'al tiqre 123 Alexander the Great 138-9 Alexandria 99-105 allusions 211-2 alphabet 273 alter ego 234-5 Amidah 113 amulets 39^10, 85 anagnostes 84 Anastasius Sinaita 224 anthropomorphism 128-33 anti-Christian polemics 181-9 anti-Jewish polemics 216-26, 227-33 Antioch 55 Antiochus III 44 apenthesia 82 Aphrodisias 46 ,48 ,81 -2 , Aphrodite 282 Apollinaris 186 apopyrgizein 248 apple 203^1 Aqedah 191 Aqiva 147 Aquila 39, 223 Aramaic 124 archisynagogos 25 ,33 ,81 Aristophanes 246 Ashera 240

Asia Minor 80-85 Asima 157 assumptions (in Jewish exegesis) 118-20 Assyrians 135 atheism 242-249

Bar Kochba war 229 Barnabas 30 Basilius of Seleucia 198,202 Basnage, Jacques 151 -160 Bayle, Pierre 151-2 beach (worship on the) 106-7 Beliar 141-2 Belkira 141 Benjamin of Tudela 42, 157 Beth Alpha 195 biblical interpretation 116-20 biblical quotes 206-15 blowing 167-175 Blues 53-8 ,79 Bodmer papyri 190 bouleutai 49 breathing 167-175 bridal chamber 196

Caecilius of Calacte 42 Cain 123^t Caligula 99-103 cannibalism 231-2 Cassian 208 Celsus 185 Chalcedon, Council of 223 charms 271 Clip 86 Cinesias 246 circus factions 53-8 Cleopatra III 29 Cnossos 14, 145 condescensio 131

Index of names and subjects 349

corpse impurity 240 Crete 12-27 Critias 243-9 cryptic nature of the Bible 118 Cyprus 28-36 ,78 Cyrene 232 Cyril of Scythopolis 206-215

Daphne 55 David 213 death, two kinds of 120 Deborah 89-91 deisidaimon 85 ,229-31 Delos 145 Demetrius (the chronographer) 115-6 Democritus 246 demon 63 demonic possession 273-8, 280^4 Diagoras 245, 247-9 diakonos 79 dignum deo 129,130 Dike 107 Diogenes of Oenoanda 85, 227-233 disputations 222 divine authorship 119 Doctrina Jacobi 56 Dorotheus 190 Drusilla 29 Dura Europos 79-80

Ebal 146 Egypt 269, 280, 282 Egyptians 229 elements 112 elpizein 95 enemies of God 100-1 Enoch 125-6 Entolios 34 Ephraim the Syrian 156, 204 Epicurus 85, 130, 227-9 Epimenides 16 epitaphs 37-8 eros 63 erotapokriseis 114-6 eschatology 95 Euripides 246 Euthymius 211 Eve 120-2

evil inclination 59-65 exodus 21 exorcism 273-8 ,280^1

fear (in divine pedagogy) 132-3 Felix 29 fence around the Torah 121-2, 264-8 Flaccus 99 Flood 66-70 forty less one 266-8 freedmen 103, 105

Garizim (Mount) 14 ,142-4 ,156 Genesis 207-9 genitive 172^1 Ge'ula 113 goat 203^1 Godfearers 48-9 grain transport 102-3 Greens 53-8 Gregory of Nyssa 202 Gregory the Great 41

Hades 96-7 hand of God 195,203 hands (stretched out in prayer) 110 hazzan 79 hebraïkê 33^1, 78 hebraïkos logos 273-9,281 Hebrew 37, 40, 47, 75-6, 105, 272 Hekhalot 277 Henri IV 151 heptamyxion 50 Heraclius 32, 223 Herman van der Horst 83 hermeneutics 214-5 Herod the Great 29, 87 Hesiod 129 hiereus 49 Hierocles 185 Historia monachorum 207 historiola 275 ,281 ,283^1 Homer 115,129 houtôs 176-180 Huguenots 151-3 Huldah 87-92 hyena 235-6 hymns 271

350 Index of names and subjects

Iao 271, 272, 273 idolatry 142-4, 148-9, 158 image of God 59, 64 inscriptions 13-4, 22-6, 32-4, 37-9,

47-52, 54, 71-86, 145, 227-233 intergroup relations 57-8 intermarriage 76, 139—40 Isaac 190-205 Isaiah 141,207-8 Isho'dad of Merv 199

Jephtha's daughter 194 Jeremiah 89, 142, 276 Jerusalem 148,277 Jesus 274 Jewish magic 278-9 Jewishness (of inscriptions) 22, 73, 74 Joel 273 Josephus 137-140 Judah ha-Nasi 148 Julian (the Emperor) 116, 185 Julius Africanus 69 Julius Caesar 45 Justinian 223

kephalaia 216 Kidron Valley 88 King of the gods 112 Kuthim 134, 136, 148-9 lamellae 271

Latin 40 laura 214 lector 84 Leontii 50-1 ,83 Leontius of Neapolis 32 Levite 85 libraries 209 lion proselytes 137 lions 50-1 liturgical poetry (Jewish) 224 Louis XIV 151 Luke 98-107 lungs 167-8 Lykaion, Mount 237-8

Macarius of Magnesia 181-9 magic 269-284

magic bowls 283 magical papyri 269-284 magicians 29, 30, 34-5, 269-284 malicious pleasure 110-1 Manetho 231 manumission 77 Marcianus 223 Marinus of Neapolis 157 Marnas 17 Marranos 223 Matthew 207-9 Mediterranean Sea 102-3 mellopresbyteros 76 Menasseh ben Israel 154 menorah 50

messianic impostors 18-21 Messianism 18-21 Methodius 186 metrical epitaphs 84 miaros 231-3 midday hour, fear of 237 millenarianism 154 Mishnah 223 mnema 81 monotropos 215 mosaics (in synagogues) 195 Moschus, Johannes 224 Moses (as a Jewish name) 77 Moses 126,132,141,272

names of synagogues 103-5 Nantes, Edict of 151 navigation 102-3 ner tamid 277 Nero 156 nomina barbara 272 nomophylakion 47-8, 83 normative count 264 numerals 250-68

Oenoanda 85 omnisignificance of the Bible 119 Origen 186 ossuaria 96

Palladius 208 particles (Greek) 94 patellas 82

Index of names and subjects 351

Patriarchs 37,209 persecution 99-101 Pharaoh 280-3 Pharisees 276, 278 philargyria 82 Philistines 17 Philo 98-133 Photius 224 Phylactery of Moses 39-40 piafraus 133 pilgrimage 92 Plato 115,130,132,243 Plutarch 130 pneó 167-175 pneuma alalon 275 pogrom 99, 108 polytheism 112 Porphyry 116,185-7 prayer 108-113 presbytera 25, 81 pres by teros 38, 41, 49, 81 principles of exegesis 118-20 Prodicus 246 pronoia 48, 83 prophetesses 88-9 prophets 89-90, 141 Protagoras 245,246 Prounikios 82

providence 48, 109-110, 113 Psalms 207-210 Pseudo-Eupolemos 145-6 Pseudo-Phocylides 93-97 Ptah 275 Ptolemy VI 12,13 Ptolemy IX 29 purity 106, 139^10, 143 Puteoli 102

quaestiones literature 114-6 quotations 206-211

rabbinic exegesis 116-120 rabbis 32-3, 116-126, 146-150,240 Red Sea 280-3 Reds 53 Reland, Adriaan 155 religion, invention of 242 resurrection 94-6

revolt of 115-117 31 Rome 19 ,45 ,102-3 ,104

Sabaoth 276 Sabas 207-14 sabbath 37 ,267-8 Sacrifice of Isaac 190-205 sacrifices 46, 49 Sadducees 148 Salamis (at Cyprus) 30, 31 Samaritan Chronicles 156,157 Samaritans 13-4, 38-9, 41, 75, 76, 78, 81,

134-160, 224 Sambathion 23 Sarah 192-3, 198-200 Sarapion 13-4 Sardis 43-52, 83^1 Schadenfreude 110-1 scholastikos 76 sea (worship near the) 106-7 Seal of Solomon 276 seat-markers 54 Sefer Zerubbabel 226 Sepharad 44 Septuagint 223 sexual desire 59-65 seyag la- Torah 121, 264—8 shadow 234—41 Shield of Abraham 113 Shimon ben Gamliel 147 Shomea' Tefillah 113 Sicily 37^42 sign of Cain 124—5 Simon the Maccabee 28 Sisyphus 244 snorting 167-175 Socrates 243,245 Solomon 54, 272, 276 Sophia (of Gortyn) 25-6 Sophists 245 sophodidaskalos 49 Sophronius 31 soul 96 spirit 96

spiritual death 120 Stobi 75 subtractive numerals 250-268 superstition 229-31

352 Index of names and subjects

synagogues 41 ,43 ,46 -7 , 103-6 synkatabasis 131 Synod of the Oak 183 Syria 78-80

tacha 95 Tacitus 232 Temple 87-8 temple, Samaritan 138-9, 144-6, 147 Tetragrammaton 273 Theodoret of Cyrrus 207 Theodorus of Cyrene 247 Theodosius II 19 theomachos 101 theophoric names 14 theoprepes 129-30 Theos Hypsistos 35, 76 Thucydides 246 tombs (of biblical persons) 87-92 Torah 50 ,51 ,61 Torah-shrine 51, 83

trading vessels 102-3 trees, shadow of 238-9

Valens 184 Vision of Dorotheus 190-1 vital power 234 Voltaire 152

water (worship near) 106-7 Whites 53 women 25-6, 123 wrath (God's) 128-33

Xenophanes 129

yetser hara' 59-65 yetser tov 59-65

Zeno (emperor) 55 Zerubbabel 226 zetemata 115 Zeus Cretagenes 17

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament Alphabetical Index of the First and Second Series

Ädna, Jostein: Jesu Stellung zum Tempel. 2000. Volume II/l 19.

Ädna, Jostein (Ed.): The Formation of the Early Church. 2005. Volume 183.

- and Kvalbein, Hans (Ed.): The Mission of the Early Church to Jews and Gentiles. 2000. Volume 127.

Alkier, Stefan: Wunder und Wirklichkeit in den Briefen des Apostels Paulus. 2001. Volume 134.

Anderson, Paul N.: The Christology of the Fourth Gospel. 1996. Volume 11/78.

Appold, MarkL.: The Oneness Motif in the Fourth Gospel. 1976. Volume II/L

Arnold, Clinton E.: The Colossian Syncretism. 1995. Volume 11/77.

Ascough, RichardS.: Paul 's Macedonian Associations. 2003. Volume 11/161.

Asiedu-Peprah, Martin: Johannine Sabbath Conflicts As Juridical Controversy. 2001. Volume 11/132.

Avemarie, Friedrich: Die Tauferzählungen der Apostelgeschichte. 2002. Volume 139.

Avemarie, Friedrich and Hermann Lichtenberger (Ed.): Auferstehung -Ressurection. 2001. Volume 135.

- Bund und Tora. 1996. Volume 92. Baarlink, Heinrich: Verkündigtes Heil. 2004.

Volume 168. Bachmann, Michael: Sünder oder Übertreter.

1992. Volume 59. Bachmann, Michael (Ed.): Lutherische

und Neue Paulusperspektive. 2005. Volume 182.

Back, Frances: Verwandlung durch Offenba-rung bei Paulus. 2002. Volume 11/153.

Baker, William R.: Personal Speech-Ethics in the Epistle of James. 1995. Volume U/68.

Bakke, OddMagne: 'Concord and Peace ' . 2001. Volume 11/143.

Baldwin, Matthew C.: Whose Acts of Peter? 2005. Volume 11/196.

Balla, Peter: Challenges to New Testament Theology. 1997. Volume 11/95.

- The Child-Parent Relationship in the New Testament and its Environment. 2003. Volume 155.

Bammel, Ernst: Judaica. Volume I 1986. Volume 37.

- Volume II 1997. Volume 91. Bash, Anthony: Ambassadors for Christ. 1997.

Volume 11/92. Bauernfeind, Otto: Kommentar und Studien

zur Apostelgeschichte. 1980. Volume 22. Baum, Armin Daniel: Pseudepigraphie und

literarische Fälschung im frühen Christen-tum. 2001. Volume 11/138.

Bayer, Hans Friedrich: Jesus' Predictions of Vindication and Resurrection. 1986. Volume 11/20.

Becker, Eve-Marie and Peter Pilhofer (Ed.): Biographie und Persönlichkeit des Paulus. 2005. Volume 187.

Becker, Michael: Wunder und Wundertäter im früh-rabbinischen Judentum. 2002. Volume 11/144.

Becker, Michael and Markus Ohler (Ed.): Apokalyptik als Herausforderung neutesta-mentlicher Theologie. 2006. Volume 194.

Bell, Richard H.: The Irrevocable Call of God. 2005. Volume 184.

- No One Seeks for God. 1998. Volume 106. - Provoked to Jealousy. 1994. Volume 11/63. Bennema, Cornells: The Power of Saving

Wisdom. 2002. Volume 11/148. Bergman, Jan: see Kieffer, René Bergmeier, Roland: Das Gesetz im Römerbrief

und andere Studien zum Neuen Testament. 2000. Volume 121.

Betz, Otto: Jesus, der Messias Israels. 1987. Volume 42.

- Jesus, der Herr der Kirche. 1990. Volume 52. Beyschlag, Karlmann: Simon Magus und die

christliche Gnosis. 1974. Volume 16. Bittner, Wolfgang J.: Jesu Zeichen im Johan-

nesevangelium. 1987. Volume 11/26. Bjerkelund, CarlJ. : Tauta Egeneto. 1987.

Volume 40. Blackburn, Barry Lee: Theios Ane- r and the

Markan Miracle Traditions. 1991. Volume U/40.

Bock, Darrel! L.: Blasphemy and Exaltation in Judaism and the Final Examination of Je-sus. 1998. Volume 11/106.

Bockmuehl, Markus N.A.: Revelation and Mystery in Ancient Judaism and Pauline Christianity. 1990. Volume 11/36.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

B0e, Sverre: Gog and Magog. 2001. Volume 11/135.

Böhlig, Alexander: Gnosis und Synkretismus. Volume 1 1989. Volume 47- Volume 2 1989. Volume 48.

Böhm, Martina: Samarien und die Samaritai bei Lukas. 1999. Volume U/111.

Böttrich, Christfried: Weltweisheit - Mensch-heitsethik - Urkult. 1992. Volume 11/50.

Bolyki, Jânos: Jesu Tischgemeinschaften. 1997. Volume 11/96.

Bosman, Philip: Conscience in Philo and Paul. 2003. Volume 11/166.

Bovon, François: Studies in Early Christiani-ty. 2003. Volume 161.

Brocke, Christoph vom: Thessaloniki - Stadt des Kassander und Gemeinde des Paulus. 2001. Volume 11/125.

Brunson, Andrew: Psalm 118 in the Gospel of John. 2003. Volume 11/158.

Btichli, Jörg: Der Poimandres - ein pagani-siertes Evangelium. 1987. Volume 11/27.

Bühner, Jan A.: Der Gesandte und sein Weg im 4. Evangelium. 1977. Volume 11/2.

Burchard, Christoph: Untersuchungen zu Jo-seph und Aseneth. 1965. Volume 8.

- Studien zur Theologie, Sprache und Um-welt des Neuen Testaments. Ed. by D. Sän-ger. 1998. Volume 107.

Burnett, Richard: Karl Barth's Theological Exegesis. 2001. Volume H/145.

Byron, John: Slavery Metaphors in Early Judaism and Pauline Christianity. 2003. Volume 11/162.

Byrskog, Samuel: Story as History - History as Story. 2000. Volume 123.

Cancik, Hubert (Ed.): Markus-Philologie. 1984. Volume 33.

Capes, David B. : Old Testament Yaweh Texts in Paul's Christology. 1992. Volume 11/47.

Caragounis, Chrys C.: The Development of Greek and the New Testament. 2004. Volume 167.

- The Son of Man. 1986. Volume 38. - see Fridrichsen, Anton. Carleton Paget, James: The Epistle of

Barnabas. 1994. Volume 11/64. Carson, D.A., O 'Brien, Peter T. and Mark

Seifrid (Ed.): Justification and Variegated Nomism. Volume l :The Complexities of Second Temple Judaism. 2001. Volume 11/140. Volume 2: The Paradoxes of Paul. 2004. Volume 11/181.

Ciampa, Roy E.: The Presence and Function of Scripture in Galatians 1 and 2. 1998. Volume 11/102.

Classen, Carl Joachim: Rhetorical Criticsm of the New Testament. 2000. Volume 128.

Colpe, Carsten: I ran ier -Aramäer-Hebräer -Hellenen. 2003. Volume 154.

Crump, David: Jesus the Intercessor. 1992. Volume 11/49.

Dahl, Nils Alstrup: Studies in Ephesians. 2000. Volume 131.

Deines, Roland: Die Gerechtigkeit der Tora im Reich des Messias. 2004. Volume 177.

- Jüdische Steingefäße und pharisäische Frömmigkeit. 1993. Volume 11/52.

- Die Pharisäer. 1997. Volume 101. Deines, Roland and Karl- Wilhelm Niebuhr

(Ed.): Philo und das Neue Testament. 2004. Volume 172.

Dettwiler, Andreas and Jean Zumstein (Ed.): Kreuzestheologie im Neuen Testament. 2002. Volume 151.

Dickson, John P: Mission-Commitment in Ancient Judaism and in the Pauline Communities. 2003. Volume II/l59.

Dietzfelbinger, Christian: Der Abschied des Kommenden. 1997. Volume 95.

Dimitrov, Ivan Z., James D.G. Dunn, Ulrich Luz and Karl- Wilhelm Niebuhr (Ed.): Das Alte Testament als christliche Bibel in or-thodoxer und westlicher Sicht. 2004. Volume 174.

Dobbeler, Axel von: Glaube als Teilhabe. 1987. Volume 11/22.

Dryden, J. de Waal: Theology and Ethics in 1 Peter. 2006. Volume H/209.

Du Toit, DavidS.: Theios Anthropos. 1997. Volume U/91.

Dübbers, Michael: Christologie und Existenz im Kolosserbrief. 2005. Volume U/191.

Dunn, James D.G.: The New Perspective on Paul. 2005. Volume 185.

Dunn, James D.G. (Ed.): Jews and Christians. 1992. Volume 66.

- Paul and the Mosaic Law. 1996. Volume 89. - see Dimitrov, Ivan Z. -, Hans Klein, Ulrich Luz and Vasile Mihoc

(Ed.): Auslegung der Bibel in orthodoxer und westlicher Perspektive. 2000. Volume 130.

Ebel, Eva: Die Attraktivität früher christli-cher Gemeinden. 2004. Volume U/178.

Ebertz, Michael N.: Das Charisma des Gekreu-zigten. 1987. Volume 45.

Eckstein, Hans-Joachim: Der Begriff Syneidesis bei Paulus. 1983. Volume 11/10.

- Verheißung und Gesetz. 1996. Volume 86. Ego, Beate: Im Himmel wie auf Erden. 1989.

Volume II/34. Ego, Beate, Armin Lange and Peter Pilhofer

(Ed.): Gemeinde ohne Tempel - Commu-nity without Temple. 1999. Volume 118.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

- and Helmut Merkel (Ed.): Religiöses Ler-nen in der biblischen, frühjüdischen und früh-christlichen Überlieferung. 2005. Volume 180.

Eisen, Ute E.: see Paulsen, Henning. Elledge, C.D. : Life after Death in Early

Judaism. 2006. Volume U/208. Ellis, E. Earle: Prophecy and Hermeneutic in

Early Christianity. 1978. Volume 18. - The Old Testament in Early Christianity.

1991. Volume 54. Endo, Masanobu: Creation and Christology.

2002. Volume 149. Ennulat, Andreas: Die 'Minor Agreements ' .

1994. Volume 11/62. Ensor, Peter W.: Jesus and His 'Works' . 1996.

Volume 11/85. Eskola, Timo: Messiah and the Throne. 2001.

Volume 11/142. - Theodicy and Predestination in Pauline

Soteriology. 1998. Volume 11/100. Fatehi, Mehrdad: The Spirit 's Relation to the

Risen Lord in Paul. 2000. Volume 11/128. Feldmeier, Reinhard: Die Krisis des Gottes-

sohnes. 1987. Volume 11/21. - Die Christen als Fremde. 1992. Volume 64. Feldmeier, Reinhard and Ulrich Heckel (Ed.):

Die Heiden. 1994. Volume 70. Fletcher-Louis, Crispin H.T.: Luke-Acts: An-

gels, Christology and Soteriology. 1997. Volume 11/94.

Förster, Niclas: Marcus Magus. 1999. Volume 114.

Forbes, Christopher Brian: Prophecy and Inspired Speech in Early Christianity and its Hellenistic Environment. 1995. Volume 11/75.

Fornberg, Tord: see Fridrichsen, Anton. Fossum, Jarl E. : The Name of God and the

Angel of the Lord. 1985. Volume 36. Foster, Paul: Community, Law and Mission in

Matthew's Gospel. Volume 11/177. Fotopoulos, John: Food Offered to Idols in

Roman Corinth. 2003. Volume 11/151. Frenschkowski, Marco: Offenbarung und

Epiphanie. Volume 1 1995. Volume 11/79-Volume 2 1997. Volume 11/80.

Frey, Jörg: Eugen Drewermann und die bibli-sche Exegese. 1995. Volume 11/71.

- Die johanneische Eschatologie. Volume I. 1997. Volume 96. - Volume II. 1998. Volume 110. - Volume III. 2000. Volume 117.

Frey, Jörg and Udo Schnelle (Ed.): Kontexte des Johannesevangeliums. 2004. Volume 175.

- and Jens Schröter (Ed.): Deutungen des Todes Jesu im Neuen Testament. 2005. Volume 181.

Freyne, Sean: Galilee and Gospel. 2000. Volume 125.

Fridrichsen, Anton: Exegetical Writings. Edited by C.C. Caragounis and T. Fornberg. 1994. Volume 76.

Gackle, Volker: Die Starken und die Schwachen in Korinth und in Rom. 2005. Volume 200.

Garlington, Don B.: 'The Obedience of Fai th ' . 1991. Volume 11/38.

- Faith, Obedience, and Perseverance. 1994. Volume 79.

Garnet, Paul: Salvation and Atonement in the Qumran Scrolls. 1977. Volume 11/3.

Gemünden, Petra von (Ed.): see Weissenrieder, Annette.

Gese, Michael: Das Vermächtnis des Apostels. 1997. Volume 11/99.

Gheorghita, Radu: The Role of the Septua-gint in Hebrews. 2003. Volume 11/160.

Grübe, Petrus J.: The Power of God in Paul's Letters. 2000. Volume 11/123.

Gräßer, Erich: Der Alte Bund im Neuen. 1985. Volume 35.

- Forschungen zur Apostelgeschichte. 2001. Volume 137.

Green, Joel B.: The Death of Jesus. 1988. Volume 11/33.

Gregg, Brian Han: The Historical Jesus and the Final Judgment Sayings in Q. 2005. Volume 11/207.

Gregory, Andrew: The Reception of Luke and Acts in the Period before Irenaeus. 2003. Volume 11/169.

Grindheim, Sigurd: The Crux of Election. 2005. Volume 11/202.

Gundry, Robert H.: The Old is Better. 2005. Volume 178.

Gundry Volf, Judith M.: Paul and Persever-ance. 1990. Volume 11/37.

Häußer, Detlef: Christusbekenntnis und Jesus-überlieferung bei Paulus. 2006. Volume 210.

Hafemann, Scott J.: Suffering and the Spirit. 1986. Volume 11/19.

- Paul, Moses, and the History of Israel. 1995. Volume 81.

Hahn, Ferdinand: Studien zum Neuen Testa-ment. Volume I: Grundsatzfragen, Jesus-forschung, Evangelien. 2006. Volume 191. - Volume II: Bekenntnisbildung und Theolo-gie in urchristlicher Zeit. 2006. Volume 192.

Hahn, Johannes (Ed.): Zerstörungen des Jeru-salemer Tempels. 2002. Volume 147.

Hamid-Khani, Saeed: Relevation and Con-cealment of Christ. 2000. Volume U/120.

Hannah, Darrel D.: Michael and Christ. 1999. Volume 11/109.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

Harrison; James R.: Paul's Language of Grace in Its Graeco-Roman Context. 2003. Volume 11/172.

Hartman, Lars: Text-Centered New Testa-ment Studies. Ed. von D. Hellholm. 1997. Volume 102.

Hartog, Paul: Polycarp and the New Testa-ment. 2001. Volume 11/134.

Heckel, TheoK.: Der Innere Mensch. 1993. Volume 11/53.

- Vom Evangelium des Markus zum vierge-staltigen Evangelium. 1999. Volume 120.

Heckel, Ulrich: Kraft in Schwachheit. 1993. Volume II/56.

- Der Segen im Neuen Testament. 2002. Volume 150.

- see Feldmeier, Reinhard. - see Hengel, Martin. Heiligenthal, Roman: Werke als Zeichen.

1983. Volume 11/9. Hellholm, D. : see Hartman, Lars. Hemer, Colin J.: The Book of Acts in the

Setting of Hellenistic History. 1989. Volume 49.

Hengel, Martin: Judentum und Hellenismus. 1969, M988. Volume 10.

- Die johanneische Frage. 1993. Volume 67. - Judaica et Hellenistica.

Kleine Schriften I. 1996. Volume 90. - Judaica, Hellenistica et Christiana.

Kleine Schriften II. 1999. Volume 109. - Paulus und Jakobus.

Kleine Schriften III. 2002. Volume 141. - and Anna Maria Schwemer: Paulus zwi-

schen Damaskus und Antiochien. 1998. Volume 108.

- Der messianische Anspruch Jesu und die Anfänge der Christologie. 2001. Volume 138.

Hengel, Martin and Ulrich Heckel (Ed.): Paulus und das antike Judentum. 1991. Volume 58.

- and Hermut Lohr (Ed.): Schriftauslegung im antiken Judentum und im Urchristen-tum. 1994. Volume 73.

- and Anna Maria Schwemer (Ed.): Königs-herrschaft Gottes und himm-lischer Kult. 1991. Volume 55.

- Die Septuaginta. 1994. Volume 72. -, Siegfried Mittmann and Anna Maria

Schwemer (Ed.): La Cité de Dieu / Die Stadt Gottes. 2000. Volume 129.

Herrenbrück, Fritz: Jesus und die Zöllner. 1990. Volume II/41.

Herzer, Jens: Paulus oder Petrus? 1998. Volume 103.

Hill, Charles E. : From the Lost Teaching of Polycarp. 2005. Volume 186.

Hoegen-Rohls, Christina: Der nachösterliche Johannes. 1996. Volume 11/84.

Hoffmann, Matthias Reinhard: The Destro-yer and the Lamb. 2005. Volume 11/203.

Hofius, Otfried: Katapausis. 1970. Volume 11. - Der Vorhang vor dem Thron Gottes. 1972.

Volume 14. - Der Christushymnus Philipper 2,6-11.

1976, 21991. Volume 17. - Paulusstudien. 1989,21994. Volume 51. - Neutestamentliche Studien. 2000.

Volume 132. - Paulusstudien II. 2002. Volume 143. - and Hans-Christian Kammler:

Johannesstudien. 1996. Volume 88. Holtz, Traugott: Geschichte und Theologie des

Urchristentums. 1991. Volume 57. Hommel, Hildebrecht: Sebasmata. Volume 1

1983. Volume 31 - Volume 2 1984. Volume 32.

Horbury, William: Herodian Judaism and New Testament Study. 2006. Volume 193.

Horst, Pieter W. van der: Jews and Christians in Their Graeco-Roman Context. 2006. Volume 196.

Hvalvik, Reidar: The Struggle for Scripture and Covenant. 1996. Volume 11/82.

Jauhiainen, Marko: The Use of Zechariah in Revelation. 2005. Volume 11/199.

Johns, Loren L.: The Lamb Christology of the Apocalypse of John. 2003. Volume 11/167.

Joubert, Stephan: Paul as Benefactor. 2000. Volume 11/124.

Jungbauer, Harry: „Ehre Vater und Mutter". 2002. Volume 11/146.

Kühler, Christoph: Jesu Gleichnisse als Poesie und Therapie. 1995. Volume 78.

Kamiah, Ehrhard: Die Form der katalogischen Paränese im Neuen Testa-ment. 1964. Volume 7.

Kammler, Hans-Christian: Christologie und Eschatologie. 2000. Volume 126.

- Kreuz und Weisheit. 2003. Volume 159. - see Hofius, Otfried. Kelhoffer, James A.: The Diet of John the

Baptist. 2005. Volume 176. - Miracle and Mission. 1999. Volume 11/112. Kieffer, René and Jan Bergman (Ed.) \ La Main

de Dieu/Die Hand Gottes. 1997. Volume 94. Kim, Seyoon: The Origin of Paul 's Gospel.

1981, 21984. Volume 11/4. - Paul and the New Perspective. 2002.

Volume 140. - "The 'Son of M a n ' " as the Son of God.

1983. Volume 30. Klauck, Hans-Josef: Religion und Gesellschaft

im frühen Christentum. 2003. Volume 152. Klein, Hans: see Dunn, James D G.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

Kleinknecht, Karl Th.: Der leidende Gerecht-fertigte. 1984,21988. Volume 11/13.

Klinghardt, Matthias: Gesetz und Volk Gottes. 1988. Volume 11/32.

Kloppenborg, John S.: The Tenants in the Vineyard. 2006. Volume 195.

Koch, Michael: Drachenkampf und Sonnen-frau. 2004. Volume II/I84.

Koch, Stefan: Rechtliche Regelung von Kon-flikten im frühen Christentum. 2004. Volume U/174.

Köhler, Wolf-Dietrich: Rezeption des Matthäusevangeliums in der Zeit vor Irenäus. 1987. Volume II/24.

Köhn, Andreas: Der Neutestamentier Ernst Lohmeyer. 2004. Volume U/180.

Kooten, George H. van. Cosmic Christology in Paul and the Pauline School. 2003. Volume 11/171.

Korn, Manfred: Die Geschichte Jesu in verän-derter Zeit. 1993. Volume II/51.

Koskenniemi, Erkki: Apollonios von Tyana in der neutestamentlichen Exegese. 1994. Volume U/61.

- The Old Testament Miracle-Workers in Early Judaism. 2005. Volume U/206.

Kraus, Thomas J.: Sprache, Stil und histori-scher Ort des zweiten Petrusbriefes. 2001. Volume 11/136.

Kraus, Wolfgang: Das Volk Gottes. 1996. Volume 85.

Kraus, Wolfgang and Karl- Wilhelm Niebuhr (Ed.): Frühjudentum und Neues Testament im Horizont Biblischer Theologie. 2003. Volume 162.

- see Walter, Nikolaus. Kreplin, Matthias: Das Selbstverständnis Jesu.

2001. Volume U/141. Kuhn, Karl G.: Achtzehngebet und Vaterunser

und der Reim. 1950. Volume 1. Kvalbein, Hans: see Ädna, Jostein. Kwon, Yon-Gyong: Eschatology in Galatians.

2004. Volume 11/183. Laansma, Jon: I Will Give You Rest. 1997.

Volume U/98. Labahn, Michael: Offenbarung in Zeichen und

Wort. 2000. Volume II/117. Lambers-Petry, Doris: see Tomson, Peter J. Lange, Armin: see Ego, Beate. Lampe, Peter: Die stadtrömischen Christen in

den ersten beiden Jahrhunderten. 1987, 21989. Volume U/18.

Landmesser, Christof: Wahrheit als Grundbe-griff neutestamentlicher Wissenschaft . 1999. Volume 113.

- Jüngerberufung und Zuwendung zu Gott. 2000. Volume 133.

Lau, Andrew: Manifest in Flesh. 1996. Volume II/86.

Lawrence, Louise: An Ethnography of the Gospel of Matthew. 2003. Volume 11/165.

Lee, Aquila H.I.: From Messiah to Preexistent Son. 2005. Volume 11/192.

Lee, Pilchan: The New Jerusalem in the Book of Relevation. 2000. Volume 11/129.

Lichtenberger, Hermann: Das Ich Adams und das Ich der Menschheit. 2004. Volume 164.

- see Avemarie, Friedrich. Lierman, John: The New Testament Moses.

2004. Volume 11/173. Lieu, Samuel N.C.: Manichaeism in the Later

Roman Empire and Medieval China. 21992. Volume 63.

Lindgárd, Fredrik: Paul 's Line of Thought in 2 Corinthians 4:16-5:10. 2004. Volume 11/189.

Loader, William R. G.: Jesus' Attitude Towards the Law. 1997. Volume 11/97.

Lohr, Gebhard: Verherrlichung Gottes durch Philosophie. 1997. Volume 97.

Lohr, Hermut: Studien zum frühchristlichen und frühjüdischen Gebet. 2003. Volume 160.

- see Hengel, Martin. Lohr, Winrich Alfried: Basilides und seine Schu-

le. 1995. Volume 83. Luomanen, Petri: Entering the Kingdom of

Heaven. 1998. Volume 11/101. Luz, Ulrich: see Dunn, James D. G. Mackay, Ian D.: John's Raltionship with

Mark. 2004. Volume U/182. Maier, Gerhard: Mensch und freier Wille.

1971. Volume 12. - Die Johannesoffenbarung und die Kirche.

1981. Volume 25. Markschies, Christoph: Valentinus Gnosticus?

1992. Volume 65. Marshall, Peter: Enmity in Corinth: Social

Conventions in Paul 's Relations with the Corinthians. 1987. Volume 11/23.

Mayer, Annemarie: Sprache der Einheit im Epheserbrief und in der Ökumene. 2002. Volume II/l50.

Mayordomo, Moisés: Argumentiert Paulus logisch? 2005. Volume 188.

McDonough, Sean M.: YHWH at Patmos: Rev. 1:4 in its Hellenistic and Early Jewish Setting. 1999. Volume U/107.

McGlynn, Moyna: Divine Judgement and Divine Benevolence in the Book of Wisdom. 2001. Volume 11/139.

Meade, David G.: Pseudonymity and Canon. 1986. Volume 39.

Meadors, Edward P.: Jesus the Messianic Herald of Salvation. 1995. Volume 11/72.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

Meißner, Stefan: Die Heimholung des Ketzers. 1996. Volume U/87.

Meli, Ulrich: Die „anderen" Winzer. 1994. Volume 77.

Mengel, Berthold: Studien zum Philipperbrief. 1982. Volume 11/8.

Merkel, Helmut: Die Widersprüche zwischen den Evangelien. 1971. Volume 13.

- see Ego, Beate. Merklein, Helmut: Studien zu Jesus und Paulus.

Volume 1 1987. Volume 43. - Volume 2 1998. Volume 105.

Metzdorf, Christina: Die Tempelaktion Jesu. 2003. Volume 11/168.

Metzler, Karin: Der griechische Begriff des Verzeihens. 1991. Volume 11/44.

Metzner, Rainer: Die Rezeption des Matthäus-evangeliums im 1. Petrusbrief. 1995. Volume 11/74.

- Das Verständnis der Sünde im Johannes-evangelium. 2000. Volume 122.

Mihoc, Vasile: see Dunn, James D.G.. Mineshige, Kiyoshi: Besitzverzicht und Almo-

sen bei Lukas. 2003. Volume 11/163. Mittmann, Siegfried: see Hengel, Martin. Mittmann-Richert, Ulrike: Magnifikat und

Benediktus. 1996. Volume 11/90. Mournet, Terence C.: Oral Tradition and

Literary Dependency. 2005. Volume 11/195. Mußner, Franz: Jesus von Nazareth im Umfeld

Israels und der Urkirehe. Ed. von M. Theo-bald. 1998. Volume 111.

Mutschier, Bernhard: Das Corpus Johanneum bei Irenäus von Lyon. 2005. Volume 189.

Niebuhr, Karl-Wilhelm: Gesetz und Paränese. 1987. Volume U/28.

- Heidenapostel aus Israel. 1992. Volume 62. - see Deines, Roland - see Dimitrov, Ivan Z. - see Kraus, Wolfgang Nielsen, Anders E.: "Until it is Fullfilled".

2000. Volume U/126. Nissen, Andreas: Gott und der Nächste im an-

tiken Judentum. 1974. Volume ¡5. Noack, Christian: Gottesbewußtsein. 2000.

Volume 11/116. Noormann, Rolf: Irenäus als Paulusinterpret.

1994. Volume II/66. Novakovic, Lidija: Messiah, the Healer of the

Sick. 2003. Volume 11/170. Obermann, Andreas: Die christologische Er-

füllung der Schrift im Johannesevangelium. 1996. Volume U/83.

Ohler, Markus: Barnabas. 2003. Volume 156. - see Becker, Michael Okure, Teresa: The Johannine Approach to

Mission. 1988. Volume 11/31.

Onuki, Takashi: Heil und Erlösung. 2004. Volume 165.

Oropeza, B. J.: Paul and Apostasy. 2000. Volume 11/115.

Ostmeyer, Karl-Heinrich: Taufe und Typos. 2000. Volume II/l 18.

Paulsen, Henning: Studien zur Literatur und Geschichte des frühen Christentums. Ed. von Ute E. Eisen. 1997. Volume 99.

Pao, David W.: Acts and the Isaianic New Exo-dus. 2000. Volume U/130.

Park, Eung Chun: The Mission Discourse in Mat thew's Interpretation. 1995. Volume II/81.

Park, Joseph S. : Conceptions of Afterl ife in Jewish Insriptions. 2000. Volume U/121.

Pate, C. Marvin: The Reverse of the Curse. 2000. Volume 11/114.

Peres, Imre: Griechische Grabinschriften und neutestamentliche Eschatologie. 2003. Volume 157.

Philip, Finny: The Origins of Pauline Pneumatology. 2005. Volume 11/194.

Philonenko, Marc (Ed.): Le Trône de Dieu. 1993. Volume 69.

Pilhofer, Peter: Presbyteron Kreitton. 1990. Volume U/39.

- Philippi. Volume 1 1995. Volume 87. -Volume 2 2000. Volume 119.

- Die frühen Christen und ihre Welt. 2002. Volume 145.

- see Becker, Eve-Marie. - see Ego, Beate. Pitre, Brant: Jesus, the Tribulation, and the

End of the Exile. 2005. Volume 11/204. Pliimacher, Eckhard: Geschichte und Ge-

schichten. 2004. Volume 170. Pöhlmann, Wolfgang: Der Verlorene Sohn

und das Haus. 1993. Volume 68. Pokorny, Petr and Josef B. Souèek: Bibelausle-

gung als Theologie. 1997. Volume 100. Pokorny, Petr and Jan Roskovec (Ed.):

Philosophical Hermeneutics and Biblical Exegesis. 2002. Volume 153.

Popkes, Enno Edzard: Die Theologie der Lie-be Gottes in den johanneischen Schriften. 2005. Volume 11/197.

Porter, Stanley E.: The Paul of Acts. 1999. Volume 115.

Prieur, Alexander: Die Verkündigung der Gottesherrschaft . 1996. Volume II/89.

Probst, Hermann: Paulus und der Brief. 1991. Volume U/45.

Räisänen, Heikki: Paul and the Law. 1983, 21987. Volume 29.

Rehkopf, Friedrich: Die lukanische Sonderquelle. 1959. Volume 5.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

Rein, Matthias: Die Heilung des Blindgebore-nen (Joh 9). 1995. Volume 11/73.

Reinmuth, Eckart: Pseudo-Philo und Lukas. 1994. Volume 74.

Reiser, Marius: Syntax und Stil des Markus-evangeliums. 1984. Volume ¡1/11.

Rhodes, James N.: The Epistle of Barnabas and the Deuteronomic Tradition. 2004. Volume ¡1/188.

Richards, E. Randolph: The Secretary in the Letters of Paul. 1991. Volume H/42.

Riesner, Rainer: Jesus als Lehrer. 1981, '1988. Volume H/7.

- Die Frühzeit des Apostels Paulus. 1994. Volume 71.

Rissi, Mathias: Die Theologie des Hebräer-briefs. 1987. Volume 41.

Roskovec, Jan: see Pokorny, Petr. Röhser, Günter: Metaphorik und Personifika-

tion der Sünde. 1987. Volume 11/25. Rose, Christian: Die Wolke der Zeugen. 1994.

Volume II/60. Rothschild, Cläre K.: Baptist Traditions and

Q. 2005. Volume 190. - Luke Acts and the Rhetoric of History.

2004. Volume 11/175. Rüegger, Hans-Ulrich: Verstehen, was Markus

erzählt. 2002. Volume 11/155. Rüger, Hans Peter: Die Weisheitsschrift aus

der Kairoer Geniza. 1991. Volume 53. Sänger, Dieter: Antikes Judentum und die My-

sterien. 1980. Volume II/5. - Die Verkündigung des Gekreuzigten und

Israel. 1994. Volume 75. - see Burchard, Christoph Salier, Willis Hedley: The Rhetorical Impact of

the Se-meia in the Gospel of John. 2004. Volume ¡1/186.

Salzmann, Jorg Christian: Lehren und Er-mahnen. 1994. Volume 11/59.

Sandnes, Karl Olav: Paul - One of the Prophets? 1991. Volume H/43.

Sato, Migaku: Q und Prophetie. 1988. Volume ü/29.

Schäfer, Ruth: Paulus bis zum Apostelkonzil. 2004. Volume ¡1/179.

Schaper, Joachim: Eschatology in the Greek Psalter. 1995. Volume H/76.

Schimanowski, Gottfried: Die himmlische Li-turgie in der Apokalypse des Johannes. 2002. Volume H/154.

- Weisheit und Messias. 1985. Volume ///17. Schlichting, Günter: Ein jüdisches Leben Jesu.

1982. Volume 24. Schnabel, Eckhard J.: Law and Wisdom from

Ben Sira to Paul. 1985. Volume U/16. Schnelle, Udo: see Frey, Jörg. Schröter, Jens: see Frey, Jörg.

Schutter, William L.: Hermeneutic and Com-position in I Peter. 1989. Volume U/30.

Schwartz, Daniel R.: Studies in the Jewish Background of Christianity. 1992. Volume 60.

Schwemer, Anna Maria: see Hengel, Martin Scott, ¡an W.: Implicit Epistemology in the

Letters of Paul. 2005. Volume 11/205. Scott, James M.: Adoption as Sons of God.

1992. Volume Ü/48. - Paul and the Nations. 1995. Volume 84. Shum, Shiu-Lun: Paul 's Use of Isaiah in Ro-

mans. 2002. Volume H/l56. Siegert, Folker: Drei hellenistisch-jüdische

Predigten. Teil I 1980. Volume 20- Teil II 1992. Volume 61.

- Nag-Hammadi-Register. 1982. Volume 26. - Argumentation bei Paulus. 1985. Volume 34. - Philon von Alexandrien. 1988. Volume 46. Simon, Marcel: Le christianisme antique

et son contexte religieux I/II. 1981. Volume 23.

Snodgrass, Klyne: The Parable of the Wicked Tenants. 1983. Volume 27.

Söding, Thomas: Das Wort vom Kreuz. 1997. Volume 93.

- see Thüsing, Wilhelm. Sommer, Urs: Die Passionsgeschichte des

Markusevangeliums. 1993. Volume II/58. Soueek, Josef B.: see Pokorny, Petr. Spangenberg, Volker: Herrlichkeit des Neuen

Bundes. 1993. Volume H/55. Spanje, T.E. van: Inconsistency in Paul?

1999. Volume 11/¡10. Speyer, Wolfgang: Frühes Christentum im an-

tiken Strahlungsfeld. Volume I: 1989. Volume 50.

- Volume II: 1999. Volume 116. Stadelmann, Helge: Ben Sira als Schriftge-

lehrter. 1980. Volume H/6. Stenschke, Christoph W.: Luke's Portrait of

Gentiles Prior to Their Coming to Faith. Volume ¡¡/¡08.

Sterck-Degueldre, Jean-Pierre: Eine Frau na-mens Lydia. 2004. Volume H/176.

Stettier, Christian: Der Kolosserhymnus. 2000. Volume ¡¡/¡3¡.

Stettier, Hanna: Die Christologie der Pastoral-briefe. 1998. Volume H/105.

Stökl Ben Ezra, Daniel: The Impact of Yom Kippur on Early Christianity. 2003. Volume 163.

Strobel, August: Die Stunde der Wahrheit. 1980. Volume 21.

Stroumsa, Guy G.: Barbarian Philosophy. 1999. Volume 112.

Stuckenbruck, Loren T.: Angel Veneration and Christology. 1995. Volume U/70.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

Stuhlmacher, Peter (Ed.): Das Evangelium und die Evangelien. 1983. Volume 28.

- Biblische Theologie und Evangelium. 2002. Volume 146.

Sung, Chong-Hyon: Vergebung der Sünden. 1993. Volume U/57.

Tajra, Harry W.: The Trial of St. Paul. 1989. Volume 11/35.

- The Martyrdom of St.Paul. 1994. Volume 11/67.

Theißen, Gerd: Studien zur Soziologie des Ur-christentums. 1979, M989. Volume 19.

Theobald, Michael: Studien zum Römerbrief. 2001. Volume 136.

Theobald, Michael: see Mußner, Franz. Thornton, Claus-Jürgen: Der Zeuge des Zeu-

gen. 1991. Volume 56. Thüsing, Wilhelm: Studien zur neutestamentli-

chen Theologie. Ed. von Thomas Söding. 1995. Volume 82.

Thurén, Lauri: Derhethorizing Paul. 2000. Volume 124.

Tolmie, D. Francois: Persuading the Galatians. 2005. Volume 11/190.

Tomson, Peter J. and Doris Lambers-Petry (Ed.): The Image of the Judaeo-Christians in Ancient Jewish and Christian Literature. 2003. Volume 158.

Trebilco, Paul: The Early Christians in Ephesus from Paul to Ignatius. 2004. Volume 166.

Treloar, Geoffrey R.: Lightfoot the Historian. 1998. Volume 11/103.

Tsuji, Manabu: Glaube zwischen Vollkommen-heit und Verweltlichung. 1997. Volume 11/93.

Twelftree, Graham H.: Jesus the Exorcist. 1993. Volume U/54.

Urban, Christina: Das Menschenbild nach dem Johannesevangelium. 2001. Volume U/137.

Visotzky, Burton L.: Fathers of the World. 1995. Volume 80.

Vollenweider, Samuel: Horizonte neutesta-mentlicher Christologie. 2002. Volume 144.

Vos, Johan S.: Die Kunst der Argumentation bei Paulus. 2002. Volume 149.

Wagener, Ulrike: Die Ordnung des „Hauses Gottes". 1994. Volume 11/65.

Wahlen, Clinton: Jesus and the Impurity of Spirits in the Synoptic Gospels. 2004. Volume 11/185.

Walker, Donald D.: Paul 's Offer of Leniency (2 Cor 10:1). 2002. Volume 11/152.

Walter, Nikolaus: Praeparatio Evangelica. Ed. von Wolfgang Kraus und Florian Wilk. 1997. Volume 98.

Wander, Bernd: Gottesfurchtige und Sympa-thisanten. 1998. Volume 104.

Watts, Rikki: Isaiah's New Exodus and Mark. 1997. Volume II/88.

Wedderburn, A.J.M.: Baptism and Resurrection. 1987. Volume 44.

Wegner, Uwe: Der Hauptmann von Kafarnaum. 1985. Volume 11/14.

Weissenrieder, Annette: Images of Illness in the Gospel of Luke. 2003. Volume 11/164. Friederike Wendt and Petra von Gemünden (Ed.): Picturing the New Testa-ment. 2005. Volume 11/193.

Welck, Christian: Erzählte ,Zeichen' . 1994. Volume U/69.

Wendt, Friederike (Ed.): see Weissenrieder, Annette.

Wiarda, Timothy: Peter in the Gospels. 2000. Volume 11/127.

Wifstrand, Albert: Epochs and Styles. 2005. ' Volume 179.

Wilk, Florian: see Walter, Nikolaus. Williams, Catrin H.: I am He. 2000.

Volume IUI 13. Wilson, Walter T.: Love without Pretense.

1991. Volume 11/46. Wischmeyer, Oda: Von Ben Sira zu Paulus.

2004. Volume 173. Wisdom, Jeffrey: Blessing for the Nations and

the Curse of the Law. 2001. Volume 11/133. Wold, Benjamin G.: Women, Men, and Angels.

2005. Volume 11/2001. Wright, Archie T.: The Origin of Evil Spirits.

2005. Volume 11/198. Wucherpfennig, Ansgar: Heracleon

Philologus. 2002. Volume 142. Yeung, Maureen: Faith in Jesus and Paul.

2002. Volume 11/147. Zimmermann, AlfredE.: Die urchristlichen

Lehrer. 1984, 21988. Volume 11/12. Zimmermann, Johannes: Messianische Texte

ausQumran . 1998. Volume 11/104. Zimmermann, Ruben: Christologie der Bilder

im Johannesevangelium. 2004. Volume 171. - Geschlechtermetaphorik und Gottesver-

hältnis. 2001. Volume 11/122. Zumstein, Jean: see Dettwiler, Andreas Zwiep, Arie W.: Judas and the Choice of

Matthias. 2004. Volume 11/187.

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