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ISNNagellackentferner.............................................124, 125Nährstoff .......................................................146, 147, 154Natriumhydroxid ..........................................................35Natronlauge ..................................34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 55neutrale Lösung.............................................................37Neutralisation..................................................38, 39, 43Neutralpunkt .................................................................39Nichtmetalloxide ..........................................................42Nobelpreis ................................................................87, 94Nomenklatur ............................................................74, 81Normalbutan .................................................................80Normalheptan ................................................................81Nucleophil ......................................................................127nucleophile Addition ..................................................127

OOctan ..........................................................................80, 81Octanzahl..................................................................80, 81Öl, pflanzliches.............................................................144Öllampe............................................................................79Ölsäure............................................................................145Orbital.......................................................................8, 9, 15Orbitalmodell ...................................................................8organische Chemie...............................................68, 69organische Säure.........................................................136organische Verbindung..............................................69Ottomotor........................................................................81Oxidation.................49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 121, 123, 124Oxidationsmittel ....................................................49, 55Oxidationszahl ............................................50, 51, 52, 53Oxid.............................................................................35, 42Oxid-Ion............................................................................35Oxonium-Ion........................................27, 28, 29, 37, 55Ozon ...........................................................................86, 87Ozonloch..........................................................................86Ozon-Molekül..........................................................86, 87Ozonschicht .............................................................86, 87

PParacelsus ......................................................................77Paraffin ................................................................75, 78, 79Paraffinöl...................................................................78, 79Paraffinwachs..........................................................78, 79Pasteur, Louis ..............................................................132PEM-Brennstoffzelle .............................................60, 61Peptidbindung ..............................................................157Peptid-Gruppe...............................................................157Pflanzenhormon ...........................................................89Phlogiston .......................................................................62Phlogistontheorie.........................................................62pH-neutral ................................................................36, 37pH-Skala ...........................................................................37pH-Wert.....................................................................36, 37Pluspol ..............................................................................59Polyethen ...................................................88, 89, 94, 95Polyethylen .....................................................................95Polymer .....................................................................94, 95Polymerisation...............................................................95Polypeptid.......................................................................157Polypeptidkette ............................................................157Polypeptid-Molekül.....................................................157Polysaccharid ........................................................130, 131Polytetrafluorethen .....................................................95Polyvinylchlorid .............................................................95Pressspanplatten ........................................................120primärer Alkohol ..........................................117, 123, 124Propan.........................................................................72, 73Propanal .........................................................................126Propanol ..........................................................................117Propan-1-ol......................................................................117Propan-2-ol .....................................................116, 117, 125Propan-1,2,3-triol ..........................................................119Propan-Molekül.......................................................74, 75Propanon................................................................125, 126Propansäure..................................................................136Protein.............................................................154, 156, 157Protolyse .............26, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 43, 64

Proton .........................................................................27, 37Protonenakzeptor.....................................33, 37, 42, 43Protonendonator .........................29, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43Protonenübergang..........................................27, 33, 43Pyrolyse ...........................................................................114

Rradikalische Substitution ...........................................87Raffinerien.......................................................................97Ranzigwerden...............................................................147räumliche Struktur .......................................................74Reaktion, neutrale ........................................................39Reaktionsfähigkeit, Alkane.................................82, 83Reaktionsgleichung......................................................53Reaktionskette ...............................................................87Reaktionsmechanismus ...........................................104Reaktionspfeil ...............................................................141reaktionsträge ...............................................................83Redoxgleichung.............................................................56Redoxreaktion .................48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56,

57, 59, 61, 64, 135, 160Reduktion ........................................49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59Reduktionsmittel....................................................49, 55Reifegas ....................................................................88, 89Reifeprozess ...................................................................88Reservestoff ...................................................................131reversible Reaktion .............................................140, 141Rindermagen...................................................................71Ringstruktur..................................................................129Rohöl ...........................................................96, 97, 98, 99Rohrreiniger....................................................................34

SSaccharid........................................................................128Saccharose.....................................................................128Salpetersäure .................................................................42Salz...............................................................................14, 42Salzsäure ..................................10, 26, 27, 28, 39, 41, 42Sauerstoff ...............14, 49, 61, 62, 83, 86, 93, 121, 129Sauerstoff-Atom...........................................................69Sauerstoff-Molekül .......................................................51saure Lösungen .............................................................29saure Reaktion ...............................................................29Säure ..............................................30, 33, 37, 42, 43, 135Säure, zweiprotonige ..................................................29Säure-Base-Reaktion ...................................39, 43, 160Säure-Base-Titration .............................................40, 41Säure-Lösung ...........................................................29, 57Schiff-Probe .................................................................128Schiff-Reagenz ....................................................120, 121Schmelzbereich............................................................145Schmelztemperatur..........................................14, 77, 71Schnee................................................................................17schwach saure Reaktion..............................................31Schwefelsäure..........................................28, 29, 42, 123Schwefelsäure-Lösung................................................29Seitenkette.....................................................................155sekundärer Alkohol ...............................................11, 124Siedetemperatur................................14, 77, 80, 91, 125Siedetemperaturerhöhung..................................18, 19

TTitration ...........................................................................43Titrationsvorrichtung..................................................40Traubenzucker............................................109, 128, 129Treibstoff .................................................................98, 99Treibhaus .......................................................................102Treibhaus, Erde ............................................................103Treibhauseffekt...................................................102, 103Treibhauseffekt, anthropogener ...........................103Treibhauseffekt, natürlicher ...................................103Treibhausgas ................................................................103Trichlormethan .............................................................84Triglycerid ......................................................................145Trinkalkohol ...................................................................114Trinkwasser...............................................................20, 21Trinkwassergewinnung...............................................21Trinkwasserversorgung...............................................21

UUmkehrosmose ...........................................................109ungesättigter Kohlenwasserstoff ...........................91UN-Klimakonferenz.....................................................86unpolar...............................................................................11unverzweigt ...................................................................80unverzweigtes Molekül..............................................80unvollständige Reaktion............................................141UV-Strahlung .................................................................86

VValenzelektronenpaar-Abstoßungs-Modell.........13Valenzelektronenpaar..................................................13Valenzstrichformel..................................................12, 13Van-der-Waals-Kräfte.................. 14, 15, 16, 22, 77, 91Verbrennung ..................................51, 53, 62, 71, 83, 93Verchromen ....................................................................59Veredelungsverfahren................................................98Veresterung .........................................139, 140, 141, 144Verkettungsreaktion ...................................................95verkürzte Strukturformel .....................................74, 75Versuchsprotokoll........................................................161verzweigt.........................................................................80verzweigtes Molekül ...................................................80Vielfachzucker..............................................................130Viskosität.........................................................................99Volta, Alessandro ......................................................63Voltasche Säule............................................................63Volumenanteil ..............................................................113

WWachs..............................................................................143Wärme......................................................................61, 102Wärmestrahlung.........................................................102Wasser........16, 17, 20, 61, 69, 71, 83, 111, 112, 129, 140Wasserbedarf..................................................................21Wasserkreislauf.............................................................20Wasser-Molekül..................12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 28, 37Wasserstoff ................................................................11, 61Wasserstoff-Atom ..............................................8, 9, 69Wasserstoffbromid ......................................................83Wasserstoffbrücken...........................16, 17, 22, 77, 113Wasserstoffchlorid..............................10, 11, 26, 27, 29Wasserstoffchlorid-Molekül ................................11, 28Wasserstofffluorid ........................................................17Wasserstoff-Ion .............................................................27Wasserstoff-Molekül...............................................9, 10Wasserstoff-Sauerstoff-Brennstoffzelle........60, 61Wasserstoffselenid.......................................................16Wasserstoffsulfid ..........................................................16Wasserstofftellurid.......................................................16Wasserstoffverbindung..............................................42wässrige Lösung............................................................56Wein ...............................................108, 109, 112, 132, 133Wöhler, Friedrich.......................................................68

ZZahnpasta.......................................................................118zeitlicher Verlauf..........................................................141Zersetzungsreaktionen .............................................147Zigarette.........................................................................120Zigarettenrauch...........................................................120Zink ....................................................................................59Zink-Atom........................................................................59Zink-Ion ............................................................................59Zinksulfat-Lösung.........................................................59Z-Isomer .................................................................144, 145Zucker..............................................................................128Zuckerrohr.....................................................................109zweiwertiger Alkohol .................................................119zwischenmolekulare Kräfte.......................................22Zwitterion.......................................................................155

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