Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 1

Status of the QUENCH-11 test preparations: first pre-test results

J. Stuckert, W. Hering, C. Homann, J. Moch,

L. Sepold, U. Stegmaier, M. Steinbrück

Presented by J. Stuckert

FZ Karlsruhe, Germany

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 2

Objectives

• Three non-destructive pre-tests: Q-11v1, Q-11v2, Q-11v3. The first two pre-tests are used to get familiar with the dynamic behavior of the water-filled bundle, auxiliary heater, and the associated heat-losses to the containment.

• Q-11v1: Calibration of the heat balance, compensation of lateral losses in the lower plenum and entry pipes. Testing of the cooling temperature control of the off-gas pipe, the upper plenum, and the upper electrode zone. Become familiar with accuracy under low evaporation.

• Q-11v2: Slowly raise power of the auxiliary heater to check the power level at which flashing can be detected. Temperature up to 600 K.

• Q-11v3 is intended to perform QUENCH-11 boil-off and heat-up phase up to 1350 K, to check system behavior, bundle response, and controllability.

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 3

Preparation of the high temperature thermocouples. Typical fabrication defects of the tungsten - rhenium wires. Detected defects complicate the

fabrication process but don’t produce the measurement errors.

bulk cracks inside TC wire voids at TC wire surface

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 4

first delivery (“hard”):

second delivery (“friable”):

coarse grains, as result: damaged TC wiresduring TC fabrication

fine grains – no damaged TC wires by TC fabrication

TC fabrication problem, connected with choice of HfO2 insulation tubes

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 5

QUENCH-11 facility new features

0…4 g/s

100…120 °C~75 °C

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 6

auxiliary inner heater at bundle foot;large surface for good heat transfer

bundle foot with inserted aux. heater and attached outer heater

Installed bundle foot with insulated outer heater

QUENCH-11: heating at bundle foot

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 7

Outcome of the pre-test Q-11v1

No essential problems with tested components.

External heating power of ~200 W at bundle foot surface is sufficient to keep surface temperature

rather constant.

No fluid flashing was observed with the inner auxiliary heater up to a power of 3.2 kW.

Stable steam production rate of 1 g/s ± 10 % (boil-off velocity ~ 0.3 mm/s) could be achieved.

Power control of auxiliary heater was reliable and benign.

Water level measurement with sensor L 501 had some drift.

Inlet temperature of the water dosage system could be maintained at 95°C.

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 8

20

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-11100 -10600 -10100 -9600 -9100 -8600 -8100 -7600Time, s

TC

, °C

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TFS 2/6 F

TFS 5/6

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TFS 5/4/180

TFS 2/3

TFS 2/2/0 F

L 501

before Q-11v2: filling of bundle and check of thermocouples response with rising water level

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 9

Q-11v2: electrical power during the test consisting of two sources:

1) DC generator for heated rods; 2) auxiliary heater at the bundle foot.

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DC Gener. Aux. Heater

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 10

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DC Gener. Aux. Heater TFS 2/12 (W/Re at elev. 850 mm)

Q-11v2: 1) Heat-up water to nearly saturation and evaporation.

2) DC power decrease to limit bundle temperature increase.

saturated water(120°C @ 2 bar)

steamat elevation 850 mm

quench water19 g/s

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 11

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DC Gener. Aux. Heater F001 aux. H2O L 501 (water surface)

Q-11v2: 1) increase auxiliary heater power to reach a constant boil-off rate of 1 g/s.

2) start additional water injection of 1 g/s to compensate the evaporated water.

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 12

Q-11v2: drop of boiling water level – delayed reaction of thermocouples

due to two-phase region

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TFS 5/4/180

TFS 2/3

L 501

850 mm

TC at 8

50 m

m

delay

500 mm

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 13

Q-11v2: derivative of water level sensors readings in bundle and in collector of

the condensed water. Signals with very intensive noise because boiling water.

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d(m501)/dt (H2O column rate) d(m701)/dt (condensed H2O rate)aux. heater power DC generator powerT306 aux. heater

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 14

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d(µ501)/dt (smoothed H2O column rate) d(µ701)/dt (smoothed condensed H2O rate)

L 501 (H2O level)

Q-11v2: averaging (step 50) of water level sensors readings – detection of the

evaporation rate

quenchwater

aux. water

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 15

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d(µ501)/dt - aux. F001 (bundle evaporation) d(µ701)/dt (smoothed condensed H2O rate)

mass spectrometer -mass spectrometer

Q-11v2: comparison of different methods to measure the evaporation rate. Good accordance between bundle water level sensor and mass spectrometer data. Delay of condensed water

sensor response due to difference in measurement locations.

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

J. Stuckert, FZK/IMF-III 11th International QUENCH Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 25-27, 2005 16

Outcome of the pre-test Q-11v2

Calibration of water level and TC positions by slow fill-up of bundle with water (50°C, 2 g/s) was performed and showed good correspondence between water level sensor (L 501) and TC reactions for water below saturation.

The water in the bundle was brought to nearly saturation (2 bar, 120°C) with aux. heater (2.2 kW) and DC generator (2 kW)

Boil-off conditions were started with ~5.5 kW DC generator and 1 kW aux. heater and lasted ~800 s.

Boil-off rate of 1 g/s was stabilised with 2 kW DC generator and a stepwise increase of aux. power to 2.9 kW during the following ~2200 s.

The evaporated water was compensated with the auxiliary water injection of 1 g/s (95 °C). Therewith the water level was stabilised at about -150 mm during following ~700 s.

After reaching the maximum bundle temperature of 330 °C (~3800 s after the test begin) reflood with 19 g/s water was initiated.

The mass-spectrometer data were in good agreement with other bundle instruments.

The next pre-test Q-11v3 will be started with steady-state conditions of Q-11v2. It is intended to perform the QUENCH-11 boil-off, heat-up, and quench phase, but only up to 1350 K.