Der rmische Grndungsmythos-Historiographie

Der rmische Grndungsmythos-HistoriographieDionysios von HalikarnassosGliederungBiographieWerkIntentionArbeitsweiseAeneasThesenQuellen

Biographie* 54 v.Chr. in Halikarnassos ca. 8 n.Chr. ebenda

Historiograph und Rhetor

Lebte nach dem Ende des rmischen Brgerkrieges (31 v.Chr.) fr 22 Jahre in Rom (Archaeologia I,7,2)

WerkHauptwerk: (Rmische Frhgeschichte) in 20 Bnden (8 v.Chr.)Umfassende Darstellung der rmischen Geschichte von der Grndung Roms (751 v.Chr.) bis zum Ersten Punischen Krieg (241 v.Chr.)

Pro-rmische EinstellungBeeinflusst von der augusteischen Kulturpolitik

Intention1. ffnen der rmischen Geschichte fr ein griechisches PublikumArchaeologia I, 4,2: , , , , , .- For to this day almost all the Greeks are ignorant of the early history of Rome and the great majority of them have been imposed upon by sundry false opinions grounded upon stories which chance has brought to their ears and led to believe that, having come upon various vagabonds without house or home and barbarians, and even those not free men, as her founders, she in the course of time arrived at world domination, and this not through reverence for the gods and justice and every other virtue, but through some chance and the injustice of Fortune, which inconsiderately showers her greatest favours upon the most undeserving. And indeed the more malicious are wont to rail openly at Fortune for freely bestowing on the basest of barbarians the blessings of the Greeks.

2. Beweisen des griechischen Ursprungs der RmerArchaeologia I, 5,2: , , , , , , .- In order, therefore, to remove these erroneous impressions, as Ihave called them, from the minds of many and to substitutetrue ones in their room, Ishall in this Book show who the founders of the city were, at what periods the various groups came together and through what turns of fortune they left their native countries.By this means Iengage to prove that they were Greeks and came together from nations not the smallest nor least considerable.

3. Historische Exempla aufzeigen

ArbeitsweiseDionysios sammelte unterschiedliche Originalquellen (50+ Autoren)Archaeologia I, 7,1: , , , , , Some information Ireceived orally from men of the greatest learning, with whom Iassociated; and the rest Igathered fromhistories written by the approved Roman authors Porcius Cato, Fabius Maximus, Valerius Antias, Licinius Macer, the Aelii, Gellii and Calpurnii, and many others of note; with these works as a basis, Iset about the writing of my history.Synoptisches VerfahrenAntike Quellenkritik Archaeologia I, 45,4: [] , , . Iwish to give more than a cursory account, having compared the histories of those writers, both Greek and Roman, who are the best accredited.

1. Beweismaterial(z.B. Archaeologia II, 59, 5: But Ido not know how this could be proved, since it is not supported, so far as Iknow, by the testimony of any author of note, either Greek or Roman.)2. Begrndetes Argument3. Generelle Glaubwrdigkeit

Komposition eigener Version

Vorgeschichte - Die griechischen WanderungenThe nations, therefore, which came together and shared in a common life and from which the Roman people derived their origin before the city they now inhabit was built, are these: first, the Aborigines, who drove the Sicels out of these parts and were originally Greeks from the Peloponnesus, the same who with Oenotrus removed from the country now called Arcadia, according to my opinion; then, the Pelasgians, who came from Haemonia, as it was then called, but now Thessaly; third, those who came into Italy with Evander from the city of Pallantium; after them the Epeans and Pheneats, who were part of the Peloponnesian army commanded by Hercules, with whom a Trojan element also was commingled; and, last of all, the Trojans who had escaped with Aeneas from Ilium, Dardanus and the other Trojan cities.Die Vorgeschichte Aeneas WanderungenArchaeologia I, 8,1: , .- I begin my history, then, with the most ancient legends, which the historians before me have omitted as a subject difficult to be cleared up with diligent study.

Aeneas in ItalienLandung in Laurentum (I, 53)Grndung der Stadt Lavinium durch Aeneas (I, 56)Verschmelzen mit der Urbevlkerung Latiums, den Aborigines und nehmen den Namen Latiner an (I, 57-59)Errichtung von Alba Longa (I, 66)Neubesiedlung der alten arkadischen Stadt Pallantium und Umbennung in Rom nach dem Grnder RomulusKrieg mit dem Volk der Rutuler und Tod des Latinus, Knig der Aboriginer (I, 64)Aeneas fllt ebenfalls im Kampf mit den Latinern, Ascanius wird sein Nachfolger (I, 65)Ascanius grndet die Stadt Alba Longa (I, 66)

Thesen1.

2.

3. QuellenQuellenDionysii Halicarnasei quae extant. Sechs Bnde, Leipzig 18851929.Band 1 (1885) ed. Karl Jacoby: Dionysi Halicarnasensis Antiquitatum Romanarum quae supersuntBand 2 (1888) ed. Karl Jacoby: Dionysi Halicarnasensis Antiquitatum Romanarum quae supersunt

LiteraturE. Gabba,Dionysios and the History of Archaic Rome, Berkeley 1991.Wrner, Ernst: Die Sage von den Wanderungen des Aeneas bei Dionysios von Halikarnasos und Vergilius, Leipzig 1882.Schultze, Clemence: Authority, Originality and Competence in the Roman Archaeology of Dionysius of HalicarnassusVielen Dank fr Eure Aufmerksamkeit