o‰v t^mdÃv Hm^ok¿ - Home 2 | Kerala Public …...12. 475/14 Rehabilitation Technician Gr.II...

Vol. 27 Issue 12 Fortnightly February 15, 2016 Page 24 ` 5

PSC Bulletin, Official Publication of Kerala Public Service Commission

SINCE 1985

website: www.keralapsc.gov.in E-mail: [email protected] Circulation : 0471-2546270

h\w hIp-∏n¬-

_o‰v t^mdÃv Hmôk¿

hn-Pv-Rm-]\w-

]nFkvkn _p≈-‰n-\n\v Imbw-Ip-fØpw Bep-h-bnepw]pXnb GP≥kn \ne-hn¬h-∂p. hS-°≥ Pn√-I-fn¬_p≈-‰n-\ns‚ X]m¬ hcn-°m-cpsS FÆ-Øn¬ KWy-

amb h¿[-\-hp-≠m-bn´p≠v._p≈-‰n≥ 15 amk-tØ°v C¥-ybn-se-hn-sSbpw

X]m-en¬ e`n-°m≥ 100 cq]--bmWv hcn-kw-Jy.hnhn[ ]nFkvkn Hmô-kp-I-fn¬ _p≈-‰n-\ns‚hcn-kwJy kzoI-cn-°pw. t]mtÃm- okvaptJ\ ]_v-fnIv dnte-j≥kv Hmô-k¿, tIc-f ]ªnIv k¿∆okvIΩo-j≥, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- 695004 F∂ hnem-k-Øn¬aWn-tbm¿U-dmbpw hcn-kwJy Ab-bv°mw. X]m¬hcn-°m¿°v Ime-Xm-akw IqSmsX _p≈-‰n≥ e`n-°p-

Imbw-Ip-fØpw Bep-h-bnepw ]pXnb GP≥kn∂-Xn\v Pn√mXe tkm¿ńMv knÃw \ne-hn-ep-≠v. hcn-°m-cmbn tNcp-∂-h¿ hnem-k-Øn¬ ]n≥tImUv Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥]tXyIw i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ amXta aWn-tbm¿U¿ ]nFkvkn Hmô-kn¬ e`n-®m¬ AXp kw_-‘-amb Fkv.-Fw.-F-kv. hcn-°m¿°v e`n-°p-I-bp-≈q.

Xmeq°-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ k¿°p-te-j≥ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒGtIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v hS-°≥ Pn√-Ifnse hnhn[ Xmeq-°p-I-fn¬ Hm¿K-ss\-knMv GP‚p-amsc Bh-iyap≠v. Icn-b¿ ssKU≥kv, am¿°-‰nMv taJ-e-I-fn¬ A`n-cp-Nn-bp-≈-h¿°v ap≥K-W-\. 300 cq]-bmWv GP≥kn FSp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ an\naw sUt∏m-kn-‰v. GP≥kn hyh-ÿ-Iƒ Adn-bp-∂-Xn\v t^m¨: 04712546270

Dƒt∏-Pp-I-fn¬C¥y≥ kwÿm-\-ßƒ

B[p-\nI C¥y^mIvSv -ss^≥U¿

IzÃy≥ _mKvP\-d¬ Cw•ojv

sa‚¬ F_n-en‰ntIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw h¿j-ßfpw

ae-bmf kmlnXywC¥y≥ s]mfn‰n

ae-bmfw]e tNmZyw Hcp D-Øcw

temI-cm-Py-ßƒsSÃv bph¿ Pn.-sI.

ka-Im-enIw

s]mXp-hn-⁄m\w]tXyI ]Xn∏v

Kh. skI-t´-dn-b‰v/]n.-F-kv.kn./tem°¬ ^≠v BUn‰v/AU-z-t°‰v P\-d¬ Hmôkv F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnse Akn-Ã‚ v/HmUn -‰¿XkvXn-I-bpsS km≤-y-Xm-∏-ń-I-bn¬ Dƒs∏-´-h-cpsS H‰-Ø-hWshcn-^n-t°-j≥ s^_p-hcn 18apX¬ 27 hsc Bÿm\/taJem/Pn√m Hmô-kp-I-fn¬ cmhnse 9aWn-ap-X¬ \S-Øp-∂p.

2 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

io.- Atim-I≥- Ncp-hn¬ ˛ sNb¿-am≥saº¿-, tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

tUm.- sI Djsaº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

io.- ]n- in-hZm-k≥-saº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

io-aXn.- kn-an- tdm-kv-s_¬- tPm¨-saº¿, tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

AUz.- C cho-µ\m-Y≥-saº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

]Xm[n]kanXn

81688 hscbp≈ hcn°mcpsS Imemh[n s^_p-hcn- -15

e-°tØmsSbmWv Ahkm\n°p∂Xv

hcnkwJy (\qdpcq])

aWn-tbm¿U-dmbn Abt°≠ hnemkw:

]ªn-Iv- dn-tej≥-kv- Hm-ô-k¿,-

tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- IΩnj≥,-

]´w- ]m-ekv- ]n.-H., Xn-cp-h\¥]p-cw-˛695004

h-cn-°m¿- _p-≈-‰n-≥ kw-_-‘n-®v- I-sØ-gp-Xp-tºm-gpw-t^m-¨- sN-øp-tºm-gpw- _p-≈-‰n-\n-s‚- te-_-en-ep-≈-

k-_v-kv-ssI-_¿- \-º¿- Ir-Xy-am-bn- kq-Nn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-

hcn°mcpsS i≤bv°v

]ªnIv dntej≥kv Hmôk¿

io.-F caW≥,- t^m¨ : 0471 2546368 OR 9446412483

k¿°ptej≥ (]n.B¿.bqWn‰v): 0471 2546270

H‰ØhW cPn-kvt-Sj≥-t^m-t´m- kw-_\v-[n-® \n¿-t±ißƒ-

1.-1.-2012 ap-X¬- ]m-_-ey-Øn-ep-≈- h-¨-˛-ssSw- c-Pn-kv-tS-j-

≥, - I -Ωo -j-s‚- Hu -tZym -Kn -I - sh-_v -ssk-‰m -b

www.keralapsc.gov.in hgn- \SØn-btijam-Wv- DtZym-Km¿-

∞n-Iƒ- hn-hn-[ Xkv-Xn-IIƒ-°m-bn- At]£ ka¿-∏n-

t°≠Xv.- t^m-t´m- A]v-tem-Uv- sNøp-tºmƒ- ]co-£m¿-Xv-Yn-

Iƒ- Xm-sg ]dbp-∂ Im-cy-ßƒ- ]tXy-Iw- i≤n-t°≠Xm-Wv.-

1.- t^m-t´m-bn¬- DtZym-Km¿-Xv-Yn-bp-sS t]cpw- t^m-t´m FSp-

Ø Xo-bXn-bpw- ]Xn-®n-cn-°Ww.

2. -- IΩo-j≥- ]p-ds∏Sp-hn-°p-∂ hn-⁄m-]\ßƒ- ]Im-

cw- DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- At]£ ka¿-∏n-°p-tºmƒ- A]v-

tem-Uv- sNøp-∂ t^m-t´mbv-°v- 10 h¿-jtØbv-°v- ]m-

_ey-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.-- -

3. ]co-£m¿-XvYn-bp-sS ap-Jhpw- tXm-fp-Ifp-sS ap-Iƒ- m-Khpw-

hy-Iv-Xam-bn- ]Xn-™n-cn-°Ø° hn-[Øn-ep-≈ ]m-kv-t]m¿-

´v- sskkn-ep-≈ If¿-/ªm-°v- & ssh‰v- t^m-t´m-bm-bn-cn-

°Ww.-

4. -shfp-ØtXm- Cfw- \n-dØn-tem- D≈ ]iv-Nm-ØeØn¬-

Cfw- \n-dØn-ep-≈ hkv-Xw- [cn-®v- FSp-Ø t^m-t´m-bm-

bn-cn-°Ww.-

5.- ap-Jw- t\scbpw- ]q¿-Æam-bpw- t^m-t´m-bp-sS a≤y- m-KØv-

]Xn-™n-cn-°Ww.-

6.- IÆp-Iƒ- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- Im-WØ° hn-[Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww.-

7.- A]v-tem-Uv- sNøp-∂ t^m-t´m-Iƒ- 200 ]n-Iv-sk¬- h x 150]n-Iv-sk¬- w D≈Xpw- JPG t^m¿-am-‰n-ep-≈Xpw- 30 KB^b¬ sskkn¬- A[n-Icn-°m-ØXp-am-bn-cn-°Ww.-

8.- k¨-•m-kv,- sXm-∏n- F∂n-h [cn-®v- FSp-ØXpw- ap-JØn-

s≥-d Hcp- hiw- am-Xw- Im-WØ°hn-[ap-≈Xpw- ap-Jw- hy-

Iv-Xa√m-ØXp-am-b t^m-t´m-Iƒ- kzo-Im-cy-a√.

9.- ""aXm-Nm-cØn-s≥-d m-Kam-bn- sXm-∏n-/in-tcm-hkv-Xw- [cn-

®v- FSp-Ø t^m-t´m- a‰v- \n¿-t±ißf\p-kcn-®m-sW¶n¬-

kzo-Im-cy-am-Wv.-

t]cpw-t^m-t´m-FSp-Ø Xo-bXn-bpw-

Xncp-Ø¬ hn⁄m-]\w29˛12˛2015 se Akm-[m-cW Kk-‰n¬ Im‰-Kdn \º¿ 609/2015, 610/2015, 611/2015,

612/2015, 613/2015, 614/2015 ]Im-c-ap≈ ssUh¿ tKUv 2 (F-®v.-Un.-hn) XkvXn-I-bpsS

hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse ae-bmfw ]Xn-∏nse c≠m-asØ tbmK-yX ssUthgvkv _mUvPpw,

sse‰v Uyqń tamt´m¿ hml-\-ßƒ HmSn-°p-∂-Xn\v A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈Xpw Npcp-ßn-

bXv aq∂p-h¿j-ambn ]m_-e-y-Øn-ep-≈-Xp-amb ssUhnwKv ssek≥kpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-

Ww F∂pw Sn Kk-‰n¬ Im‰-Kdn \º¿ 615/2015 ]Im-c-ap≈ ssUh¿ tKUv 2 (F-®v.-Un.-

hn) XkvXn-I-bpsS hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse ae-bmfw ]Xn-∏nse c≠m-asØ tbmK-yX

ssUthgvkv _mUvPpw slhn-KpUvkv/slhn ]mk-©¿ hml-\-ßƒ HmSn-°p-∂-Xn\v A\p-

h-Zn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈Xpw Npcp-ßn-bXv 3 h¿j-ambn ]m_-e-y-Øn-ep-≈-Xp-amb ssUhnwKv

ssek≥kpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww F∂pw XncpØn hmbn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse

a‰v hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ°v am‰-an-√.

Imƒ sk‚¿ kwhn-[m\wsI.-]n.-F-kv.-kn. bpsS Imƒ sk‚¿ kwhn-[m\w ]p\-cm-cw- n-®n- p-≈-Xn-\m¬ DtZym-

Km¿∞n-Iƒ°v 0471 2444428, 2444438, 2555538 F∂o sSen-t^m¨ \º-cp-I-fpsS At\-z-j-

W-ßƒ°v cmhnse 10.15 apX¬ sshIp-t∂cw 5.15 hsc _‘-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Adn-bn∏p-Iƒ-

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Bkv-Ym-\ Bô-kv,- ]´w,- Xn-cp-h\¥]p-cw-

sl. category Name of Post & Dept. DateNo No 2016 Mar.

1. 595/12 Lecturer in MusicCollegiate Education Department 02, 03

2. 64/15 Lecturer in French -Collegiate Education Department 03

3. 244/15 HSST Chemistry (SR for ST only) -Higher Secondary Education 03

4. 376/15 HSST Physics (SR for ST only) -Higher Secondary Education 03

5. 450/10 HSST Social Work (Sr & Jr) -Higher Secondary Education 03

6. 379/15 Radiographer Grade II (SR for ST only)Medical Education 03

7. 728/14 Driller - NCA -Ezhava (Mining & Geology)Mining and Geology Department 03

8. 155/12 Boat Driver - NCA -Muslim -Kerala State Water Transport Department 04

9. 692/12 Boat Driver - NCA - SIUC N/AI -Kerala State Water Transport Department 04

10. 587/13 Boat Driver - NCA - Viswakarma -Kerala State Water Transport DepartmentDistrict Office: Alappuzha 04

11. 697/14 Lower Division Typist (SR for ST only) -Kerala Water Authority 04

12. 475/14 Rehabilitation Technician Gr.II (Leather & Works) - NCA - Ezhava/Thiyya/Billava- &476/14 NCA - Viswakarma -Medical Education 04

Department13. 597/12 Lecturer in Physics

Collegiate Education Department 16,17,18sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- sIm-√w--

1. 77/13 Part Time Junior Language Teacher(Sanskrit) - Education Department 02,03,04

2. 28/13 Work Supervisor - NCA MuslimState Farming Corporation of Kerala Ltd.Regional Office Kollam 04

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- Be∏p-g1. 473/10 Legal Officer-Kerala Financial Corporation 02,03

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- ]Ø\w-Xn-´1. 77/13 Part Time Junior Language Teacher

(Sanskrit) - Education Department 02,03

C≥-d¿-hyq- t]m-Kmw- am¿-®v- - 2016

sl. category Name of Post & Dept. DateNo No 2016 Mar.

2. 461/12 High School Assistant (Sanskrit) -Education Department 03

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- CSp-°n-1. 473/10 Legal Officer-Kerala Financial Corporation 02,03

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- FdWm-Ip-fw-1. 204/14 HSA (Natural Science) Mal. Medium B/T

Education DepartmentEKM-3, MLP-7, KKD-1, WYD-3, KNR-2 02

2. 759/12 Junior Public Health Nurse Gr.II (I NCA-Muslim) - Health Services Department 02

3. 473/10 Legal Officer-Kerala Financial Corporation 03,04sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- Xr-»q¿-

1. 382/10 Assistant Engineer 02,03,04Kerala Agro Machinery Corporation Ltd. 09,10,11

2. 77/13 Part Time Junior Language Teacher(Sanskrit) - Education Department 16,17,18

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- ]m-e°m-Sv-1. 328/14 Female Warden - NCA (LC)

SC Development Department 092. 752/14 HSA (Physical Science) Tamil Medium -

NCA-E/B/T - Education Department 093. 77/13 Part Time Junior Language Teacher

(Sanskrit) - Education Department 09,10sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- ae∏p-dw-

1. 257/15 Pharmacist Gr.II (Ayurveda) - 4th NCA forOX - Indian Systems of Medicine 09

2. 614/13 Treatment Organizer Gr II (NCA - LC/AI)Health Services Department * 09

3. 476/12 Librarian Gr.IV- Municipal CommonService 09,10

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv-1. 77/13 Part Time Junior Language Teacher

(Sanskrit) - Education Department 09,10,11

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- IÆq¿-1. 234/14 Staff Nurse Gr.II (NCA-Muslim) -

Health Services Department 092. 481/13 Staff Nurse Gr.II (SR for SC/ST) -

Health Services Department 10

* Denotes Examination conducted online

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 3

Im-‰Kdn- \º¿- 1/2016_o‰v t^mdÃv Hmôk¿

h\w]m¿´v I (t\cn´pff \nba\w)

1. hIp∏v : h\w2. DtZymKt∏cv : _o‰v t^mdÃv Hmôk¿Ipdn∏v: `n∂tijnbpffh¿°v Cu hn⁄m]\ ]ImcwAt]£n°phm≥ A¿lX D≠mbncn°p∂X√.3. iºfw : ` 10,480 ˛ 18,300/-4. HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : Pn√m ASnÿm\Øn¬

Xncph\¥]pcw 8sIm√w 3]Ø\wXn´ 15tIm´bw 7CSp°n 11FdWmIpfw 1Xriq¿ ˛ ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-]me°mSv 10tImgnt°mSv ˛ ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-ae∏pdw ˛ ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-hb\mSv 43IÆq¿ 12Imk¿tKmUv ˛ ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

Ipdn∏v: 30/08/2010 se Pn.H. (]n). \º¿ 60/2010/F^v &Uªnbp. F¬. Un (Fkv. B¿. H \º¿ 861/2010), 20/09/2014 XobXnbnse Pn. H. (]n) \º¿ 84/2014 F v & UªnbpF¬. Un (Fkv. B¿. H \º¿ 574/2014) F∂o k¿°m¿DØchpIsf ASnÿm\am°nbmWv XkvXnIbpsS t]cv,]mb]cn[n, tbmKyX F∂nh hn⁄m]\w5. \nba\coXn : t\cn´pff \nba\w.

(Pn√m ASnÿm\Øn¬)Ipdn∏v: \nba\m[nImcn t\cn´pff \nba\Øn\pffFgp]Xv iXam\w HgnhpIƒ, IW°m°n IΩojs\Adnbn°p∂ apdbv°v DtZymKm¿∞nIsf \nba\in]m¿isNøp∂XmWv.6. ]mbw- : 19 ˛ -30. -02.-01.-1986 \pw- 01.-01.-1997 \pw- (c-≠p-Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw- Dƒ-s∏-sS-)- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°p-am-X-sa- A-t]-£n-°m-≥ A¿-l-X-bp-f-fq.- a-‰p- ]n-t∂m-°-hn-`m-K-Øn¬- Dƒ-s∏-´-h¿-°pw- ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn- ]-ń-I-h¿-§- hn-`m-K-Øn¬- Dƒ-s∏--´-h¿--°pw- \n-b-am-\p-kr-X- h-b- n-f-hv- D-≠m-bn-cn°pw. [ÕÏTßÕßæÈ Ø¢Ìtßºî ÕcÕØíÅµZAí æÉÞÄáÕcÕØíÅµßæÜ 2_Þ¢ ¶mßµ çÈÞAáµ.]7. tbmKyXIƒ:(1) hnZym`ymk tbmKyXIƒ: tIcf k¿°mcns‚ lb¿sk°‚dn hnZym`ymk hIp∏v \SØp∂ πkvSp ]co£

hn-hn-[- X-kv-Xn-I-I-fn¬- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\v- tbm-Ky-X-bp-≈-h-cn¬-\n-∂pw- A-t]-£- £-Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈- hn-Pv-Rm-]-\ßƒ- 05˛02 -2016 Xo-b-Xn-bn-se- tI-c-f- k¿-°m¿- A-km-[m-c-W- K-k-‰n¬- - ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v.-

sXmgn¬ Ahkcßƒ

DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Ifp-sS i≤bv-°v-At]£ ka¿∏n°p∂ coXn: DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ tIcf ]ªnIv k¿∆okv IΩnjs‚ HutZymKnI sh_vssk‰mb www.Keralapsc.gov.in. hgn 'H‰ØhW cPnkvtSj≥' ]Imcw cPnÃ¿sNbvXtijamWv At]£nt°≠Xv. cPnÃ¿ sNbvXn´pff DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ AhcpsS User Id bpw Pass word Dw D]tbmKn®v Login sNbvX tijw kz¥w Profile eqsS At]£nt°≠XmWv.Hmtcm XkvXnIbv°v At]£n°ptºmgpw ]kvXpX XkvXnItbmsSm∏w ImWp∂ Notification Link se 'Apply Now' ¬ amXw click sNtø≠XmWv. At]£ okv \¬tI≠Xn√. Bhiysa¶n¬cPnkvtSj≥ Im¿Uv Link click sNbvXv Profile se hniZmwißƒ ImWp∂Xn\pw ]n≥dv Hu´v FSpØv kq£n°phm\pw Ignbpw. Pass word clkyambn kq£nt°≠Xpw hy‡nKXhnhcßƒ icnbmsW∂v Dd∏p-hcptØ≠Xpw DtZymKm¿∞nbpsS NpaXebmWv. Hmtcm XkvXnIbv°v At]£n°p∂Xn\v ap≥]pw Xs‚ Profile ¬ Dƒs°m≈n®ncn°p∂ hnhcßƒ icnbmsW∂vDtZymKm¿∞n Dd∏v hcptØ≠XmWv. IΩoj\pambp≈ F√m IØnS]mSpIfnepw User ID ]tXyIw tcJs∏SptØ≠XmWv. IΩoj\p apºmsI Hcn°¬ ka¿∏n®n´p≈ At]£ tkm]m[nIambnkzoIcn°s∏Sp∂XmWv. BbXn\p tijw At]£bn¬ am‰w hcpØphmt\m Hgnhm°phmt\m IgnbpIbn√. Xncs™Sp∏v ]InbbpsS GXhkcØnembmepw ka¿∏n°s∏´ At]£Iƒhn⁄m]\ hyhÿIƒ°v hncp≤ambn ImWp∂ ]£w \ncp]m[nIambn \nckn°p∂XmWv. hnZym`ymk tbmKyX, ]cnNbw, PmXn, hb v apXembh sXfnbn°p∂Xn\p≈ ]amWßfpsS]I¿∏pIƒ IΩoj≥ Bhiys∏Sptºmƒ lmPcm°nbm¬ aXnbmIpw.

]-kv-Xp-X- hn-Pv-Rm-]-\-ß-fp-sS- kw-£n-]v-X- cq-]w- Np-h-sS- tN¿-°p-∂p.- DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- C-tXm-sSm-∏w- K-k-‰pw- t\m-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- P-\-d¬- dn-Iq-´v-sa-‚ n-\v- ]n-∂m-°- k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬-s∏-´-h¿-°v- aq-∂p- h¿-j-hpw- ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn-/-]-ń-

I-h¿-§- hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-´-h¿-°v- 5 h¿-j-hpw- h-sc- D-b¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- C-f-hv- A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- h-b- n-f-hn-s\- kw-_-‘n-®- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-h-c-ßƒ-°v- K-k-¡n-ep-≈- s]m-Xp-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- t\m-°p-I.

Xm-sg ]dbp-∂ Xkv-XnIIfn-te°p-≈ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-\v- F-gp-Øp-]-co-£/HFw-B¿- ]co-£- \-S-Øp-∂-]-£w- A¿-l-X-s∏-´- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°p-≈- A-Uv-an-j-≥ Sn-°-‰v- Hm-¨-sse-≥ kw-hn-[m-\-Øn¬- I-Ωo-j-s≥d- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- sh-_v-ssk-‰n-eq-sS- \¬-Ip-∂-Xpw,- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- A-Xv- \n¿-t±-im-\p-k-c-Ww- Uu-¨-tem-Uv- sN-bv-Xv- ]n-≥dv- F-Sp-t°-≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.-

H‰ØhW cPn-kv-tSj≥- \SØn-bn-ń-√m-Ø DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- H‰ØhW cPn-kv-tSj≥- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-bXn-\v- tijhpw- \n-ehn¬- cPn-kv-‰¿-sNbv-Xn-´p-≈ DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- Ahcp-sS s]m-ssên-eq-sSbpw- Hm¨-sse\m-bn- IΩo-js‚ sh_v-ssk‰n-eq-sS At]£ ka¿-∏n-t°≠Xm-Wv.-

Akm[mcW Kk‰v XobXn: 05 -02 -2016 Ahkm\ XobXn: 09˛03˛2016 cm-Xn- 12 aWn hsc

P\d¬ dnIq´vsa‚v (Pn-√m-Xew)-hnPbn®ncn°Ww As√¶n¬ tIcf k¿°m¿/`mcXk¿°m¿ AwKoIcn® XØpey ]co£ hnPbn®ncn°Ww.Ipdn∏v: sI.Fkv& Fkv.Fkv.B¿ se dqƒ 10 (a) ii_m[IamWv.(2) ]pcpj/h\nX DtZymKm¿∞nIsf kw_‘n® a‰vtbmKyXIƒ Xmsg ]dbp∂p.a. ]pcpj DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ ˛(i) imcocnI tbmKyXIƒ: : Dbcw Ipd™Xv 168 sk.ao,s\©fhv Ipd™Xv 81 sk.ao Dw ]q¿Æ DOzmkØn¬Ipd™Xv 5 sk.ao hnImkhpw.

Ipdn∏v: ÉGßµ¼ÞÄß/ÉGßµ ÕVP ÕßÍÞKJßWæMG ©çÆcÞKÞVjßµZAí µáùEÄí 160 sk.ao ©Ïø¢ ÎÄßÏÞµáKÄÞÃí.®KÞW çÎWMùE ÕßÍÞK¢ ©çÆcÞKÞVjßµZAá¢ µáùEÄí5 æØ.Îß æÈFÕí ÕßµÞØ¢ ®K ÈßÌtÈ ÌÞÇµÎÞµáKÄÞÃí(ii) ImbnI£aXm ]co£ : F√m ]pcpjDtZymKm¿∞nIfpw ÕYØíxÞV Ãm≥-tU¿-Un-ep≈ Xmsg]dbp∂ 8 (F´v) C\ßfn¬ GsX¶nepw 5 (A©v)FÆØn¬ tbmKyX t\Snbncn°Ww.Ia C\ßƒ h¨Ãm¿\º¿ \nehmcw1 100 ao‰¿ Hm´w 14 sk°‚ v2 ssl Pºv 132.2 cm3 temwKv Pºv 457.2 cm4 ]pńwKv Zv tjm´v (7264 Kmw) 609.6 cm5 tXmbnwKv Zn In°‰v t_mƒ 6096 cm6 tdm]v ss¢ºnwKv

(ssIIƒ amXw D]tbmKn®v) 365.8 cm7 ]pƒ A]vkv AYhm Nn∂nwKv 8 XhW8 1500 ao‰¿ Hm´w 5 an\n v 44 sk°‚ v(iii) F≥Uyqd≥kv sSÃv (Endurance Test)F√m ]pcpj- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fpw- c-≠p- Io-tem-ao-‰¿- Zq-cw- 13(]-Xn-aq-∂v-)- an-\n-´p-sIm-≠v- Hm-Sn- hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-bn-cn-°-Ww.b. h\nXm DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ(i) imcocnI çÏÞKcÄµZ : Dbcw Ipd™Xv 157 sk.aoIpdn∏v: [ÉGßµ¼ÞÄß/ÉGßµ ÕVP ÕßÍÞKJßWæMG ©çÆcÞKÞVjßµZAí µáùEÄí 150 cm ©Ïø¢ ÎÄßÏÞµáKÄÞÃí](ii) ImbnI£-a-Xm- ]-co-£-:- F-√m- h-\n-Xm- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fpw ÕYØíxÞV ØíxÞXçÁVÁßÜáU Xmsg ]dbp∂ 9 (HºXv)C\ßfn¬ GsX¶nepw 5 (A©v) FÆØn¬ tbmKyXt\Snbncn°Ww.Ia C\ßƒ h¨Ãm¿\º¿ \nehmcw1 100 ao‰¿ Hm´w 17 sk°‚ v2 ssl Pºv 106 cm3 temwKv Pºv 305 cm4 ]pńwKv Zv tjm´v (4000 Kmw) 400 cm5 200 ao‰¿ Hm´w 36 sk°‚ v6 tXmbnwKv Zn tXm t_mƒ 1400 cm

7 jń¬ sdbvkv(2500 sk.ao X 400 sk.ao.) 26 sk°‚ v

8 ]pƒ A]vkv AYhm Nn∂nwKv 8 XhW9 kvIn∏nwKv (²øá ÎßÈßGí) 80 XhW(iii) FXUyqdXkv sSÃv (Endurance Test)F√m h\nXm DtZymKm¿∞nIfpw c≠p Iotemao‰¿ Zqcw15 (]Xn\©v) an\n´psIm≠v HmSn hnPbIcambn]q¿Ønbm°nbncn°Ww.µáùßMí: DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ°v ImbnI£aXm ]co£bv°vapt∂mSnbmbn imcocnI ¥æÕ¿áMí \SØp∂-Xm-Wv.- \n-›n-X- im-co-cn-I- A-f-hp-Iƒ- C-√m-Ø- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- Im-bn-I-£-a-Xm- ÉøàfÏßW- ]-s¶-Sp-∏n-°p-∂-X-√. Im-bn-I-£-a-Xm-]-co-£-b-ntem ®XÁcáùXØí æ¿ØíxßçÜÞ ]s¶Sp°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬- A-]-I-Sw- kw- -hn-°p-I-tbm- ]-cn-t°¬-°p-I-tbm- sN-øp-∂- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- ]-co-£-bn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-°p-hm-≥ ho-≠pw- A-h-k-cw- \¬-Ip-∂-X√.3. saUn°¬ \nehmcw. -F√m Éáøá×/ÕÈßÄÞ DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ°pw Xmsg ]dbp∂]Imcapff saUn°¬ \nehmcw D≠mbncn°Ww.i. sNhn: \√ tIƒhni‡n D≠mbncn°Ww.ii. IÆv: IÆSbn√msX Xmsg ]dbp∂ hn[ØnepffImgvNi‡nbpffXmbn km£ys∏SpØnbncn°Ww.heXpIÆv CSXpIÆva) ZqcImgvN 6/6 kvs\√≥ 6/6 kvs\√≥b) kao]°mgvN 0.5 kvs\√≥ 0.5 kvs\√≥c) If¿hnj≥ km[mcWd) \nim‘X C√mXncn°Wwiii. t]inIfpw k‘nIfpw : Xf¿hmXw ÌÞÇßAÞJÄá¢F√m- k-‘n-I-fpw- B-bm-k-c-ln-X-am-bn- N-en-∏n-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn°Ww.iv. \mUo-hyq-lw-:- ]q¿-Æ- £-a-X-bp-f-f-Xpw- ]-I¿-®-hym-[n-I-fn¬- \n-∂pw- hn-ap-‡-hp-am-bn-cn°Ww.Ipdn∏v: Hmtcm- I-Æn-\pw- ]q¿-Æ-am-b- Im-gv-N- i-‡n- D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.- I-f¿- ssª-≥Uv-\-kv,- kv-Izn-‚ v- A-s√-¶n¬- I-Æn-s‚-tbm- I-¨-t]m-f-I-fp-tS-tbm- tam¿-_n-Uv- B-bn-´p-f-f-A-h-ÿ- F-∂n-h- A-tbm-Ky-X-bm-bn- I-W-°m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-ap-´p-X-´v,- ]-c-∂- ]m-Zw,- R-c-ºv- ho-°w,- h-f-™- Im-ep-Iƒ,-ssh-I-ey-ap-f-f- ssI-Im-ep-Iƒ,- tIm-º-√v- (ap-≥ ]-√v-),- D-¥n-b- ]-√p-Iƒ,- sIm-™,- tIƒ-hn-bn-epw- kw-km-c-ti-jn-bn-ep-ap-f-f- Ip-d-hp-Iƒ- F-∂n-ß-s\-bp-f-f- im-co-cn-I- \yq-\-X-Iƒ-A-tbm-Ky-X-bm-bn- I-W-°m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- im-co-cn-I-tbm-Ky-X-bpw- I-Æ-S- Iq-Sm-sX-bp-f-f- Im-gv-N- i-‡n-bpw- sX-fn-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\v- Xm-sg- sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-f-f- am-Xr-I-bn¬- k¿-°m¿- k¿-∆o-kn-ep-f-f- A-kn-Ã-‚ v- k¿-P-≥/-Pq-\n-b¿- I-¨-kƒ-´-‚-fl-s‚- dm-¶n¬- Ip-d-bm-Ø- dm-¶n-ep-f-f- H-cp- sa-Un-°¬- B-ô-k-dn¬- \n-∂pw- e-`n-®- sa-Un-°¬- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰n-s‚- A- ¬-Im-bn-I-£-a-Xm- ]-co-£-bp-sS- k-a-b-Øv- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- Iq-Sm-sX,- Cu- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- ]-am-W- ]-cn-tim-[-\m- k-a-b-Øv- A-h-c-h-cp-sS- s]m-ss^-en¬- A-]v-tem-Uv- sN-tø-≠-Xp-a-mWv.

4 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

saUn-°¬- k¿-ń-^n-°‰n-s‚ am-Xr-Ibv-°v-sh_v-ssk‰n-se hn-Pv-Rm-]\w- Im-Wp-I.-(www.keralapsc.gov.in)Ipdn∏v: ImgvN-i-‡n-sb- kw-_-‘n-®- hn-h-c-ßƒ-k¿- n- n-°-‰n¬- hy-‡-am-bn- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww.- hn-j-≥ t\m¿-a¬,- B-h-td-Pv,- ap-X-em-b- A-hy-‡-am-b- ]-kv-Xm-h-\-Iƒ- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-X-√.- Hm-tcm- I-Æn-t\-bpw- kw-_-‘n-®- hn-h-c-ßƒ- ]-tXy-I-am-bn- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww.-Im-gv-N-i-‡n- ap-I-fn¬- kq-Nn-∏n-®n- p-f-f- hn-[-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬- I-Æn-\v- \-√- Im-gv-N-i-‡n-bp-s≠-t∂m-tam-i-am-b- Im-gv-N-i-‡n-bm-sW-t∂m- D-f-f- hn-h-cw- k¿- n- n-°-‰v- \¬-Ip-∂- D-tZym-K-ÿ-≥ k¿-ń- n-°-‰n¬- tc-J-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.- A-√m-Ø-]-£w- k¿- n- n-°-‰v- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-X-√.-8.- -sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- H-cp- h¿-jw- G-sX-¶n-epw- t^m-d-Ãv- sS-bn-\nw-Kv-kv-Iq-fn-W- sS-bn-\nw-Kn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-9.- t\-cn-´p-f-f- \n-b-a-\w- h-gn- tPm-en-bn¬- ]-th-in-°p-∂h¿ ¼ÞÜßÏßW dÉçÕÖßºî ÄàÏÄßÎáÄW XpS¿®bmb aq∂v h¿-jmØn\p≈n¬-c≠p h¿j¢ s]mt_j\nembncn°pw.10. F≥-.kn.kn bpsS "F' "_n' "kn'k¿ń^n°‰v t\Snbn´pff DZtymKmV∞nIZ°vbYmIaw "2%' "3%' "5%' F∂ IaØn¬ 21/08/2007 XobXnbnse Pn.H. (Fw.Fkv) \º¿112/2007/F®v.C.Un.F≥ k¿°m¿ DØchvA\pkcn®v A[nI am¿°v \¬Ip∂XmWv.XmXv°menI sjUyqƒH.Fw.B¿ ]co£m ƒ‡œƒfl : 23.04.2016µÞÏßµfÎÄÞ Éøàf,®XÁáùXØí æ¿Øíxí:æØÉíx¢ÌV/²µíç¿ÞÌV, 2016

Im-‰Kdn- \º¿- 2/2016 - 4/2016_o‰v t^mdÃv Hmôk¿

h\w]m¿´v II

(XkvXnIam‰w aptJ\bpff\nba\w)

1. hIp∏v :h\w2. DtZymKt∏cv :_o‰v t^mdÃv Hmôk¿

Ipdn∏v: `n-∂-ti-jn-bp-f-f-h¿-°v- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\- ]-Im-cw- A-t]-£n-°p-hm-≥ A¿-l-X- D-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂X√.3. iºfw :` 10,480 ˛ 18,300/-4. \nba-\-co-Xn- -: -X-kv-Xn-I-am-‰w- h-gn-bp-f-f-

\n-b-a-\w.(Pn√m ASnÿm\Øn¬)

i. Im‰Kdn 2/2016h\w h-Ip-∏n-se- F¬.-Un.-¢m¿-°v-/- F¬.-Un.-

ssS-∏n-Ãv-/-t^m-d-Ãv- ssU-h¿- F-∂o- X-kv-Xn-I-I-fn¬- hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn- s]m-t_-j-≥ ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-b-h-cn¬- \n-∂pw- X-kv-Xn-I-am-‰w- h-gn-bp-f-f- \n-b-a-\w.ii. Im‰Kdn 3/2016

h\w- h-Ip-∏n-se- dn-k¿-∆v- hm-®¿-/-Un-t∏m-hm-®¿- F-∂o- X-kv-Xn-I-I-fn¬- hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn-s]m-t_-j-≥ ]q¿-Øn- bm-°n-b-h-cn¬- \n-∂pw-X-kv-Xn-I-am-‰w- h-gn-bp-f-f- \n-ba\w.iii. Im‰Kdn 4/2016

h\w h-Ip-∏n-se- em-Ãv- tK-Uv- X-kv-Xn-I-bn¬-(dn-k¿-∆v- hm-®¿- Un-t∏m- hm-®¿- H-gn-sI-)- hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn- s]m-t_-j-≥ ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-b-h-cn¬- \n-∂pw- X-kv-Xn-I- am-‰w- h-gn-bp-f-f- \n-b--a-\wIpdn∏v: i. \nb-a-\m-[n-Im-cn- X-kv-Xn-I-am-‰w- h-gn,- ta¬- kq-Nn-∏n-®- aq-∂v- hn-`m-K-ßƒ-°p-f-f- H-gn-hp-Iƒ- (10%- ho-Xw- X-cw- Xn-cn-®v-)- I-W-°m-°n- I-Ωo-j-s\- A-dn-bn-°p-∂- ap-d-bv-°v- ]-kv-Xp-X- hn-`m-K-Øn¬- \n-∂p-f-f- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- \n-b-a-\-in-]m¿-i- sN-øp-∂-Xm-Wv.ii. 1958 se tI-c-f- kv-t‰-‰v- &- k-t_m¿-Un-t\-‰v- k¿-∆o-kv- N- -ß-fn-se- 2˛mw- `m-Kw- 14 ap-X¬-17 h-sc- hn-h-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂- kw-h-c-W- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\Øn\v _m[Ia√.iii. Xkv-Xn-I-am-‰w- h-gn-bp-f-f- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\m-bn- hn-⁄m-]-\w- sN-bv-X- H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-°v- \n-b-a-\-in-]m¿-i- sN-ø-s∏-Sm-≥ A¿-l-cm-b- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- B- H-gn-hp-Iƒ-t\-cn-´p-f-f- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\m-bn- X-øm-dm-°p-∂- dm-¶v-en-Ãn¬- \n-∂pw- \n-I-Ø-p∂XmWv.5. HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : Pn-√m- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬-

Ia \º¿ Pn√bpsS t]cv HgnhpIfpsS FÆw

Im‰Kdn \º¿ : 2/2016 Im‰Kdn \º¿ : 3/2016 Im‰Kdn \º¿ : 4/2016

1 Xncph\¥]pcw ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

2 sIm√w ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ -]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

3 ]Ø\wXn´ ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ -]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

4 tIm´bw ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

5 CSp°n ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

6 FdWmIpfw ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

7 Xriq¿ ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

8 ]me°mSv ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

9 tImgnt°mSv ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

10 ae∏pdw ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

11 hb\mSv ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

12 IÆq¿ ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

13 Imk¿tKmUv ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ- ]Xo£nX HgnhpIƒ-

Akm[mcW Kk‰v XobXn: 05 -02 -2016 Ahkm\ XobXn: 09˛03˛2016 cm-Xn- 12 aWn hsc

Ipdn∏v: i. 30/08/2010 se- Pn.- H- (]n-)- \w.- 60/-2010/-F-^v- &- U-_v-fn-bp.-

F¬.- Un- (F-kv.- B¿.- H- \-º¿- 861/-2010),- 20/-09/-2014 Xo-b-Xn-bn-se-Pn.- H.- (]n-)- \-º¿- 84/-2014 F-^v- &- U-_v-fn-bp.- F¬.- Un- (F-kv.-B¿.- H- \-º¿- 574/-2014)- F-∂o- k¿-°m¿- D-Ø-c-hp-I-sf- A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bm-Wv- X-kv-Xn-I-bp-sS- t]-cv,- ]m-b-]-cn-[n,- hn-Zym-`ym-k- tbm-Ky-X- F-∂n-h- hn-⁄m-]-\w- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv.6. ]mbw- : 01.01.2016 ¬ 40 hb v ]q¿ØnbmIm≥ ]mSn√. a‰p]nt∂m°- hn- m-K-Øn¬- Dƒ-s∏- -h¿-°pw- ]- n-I-Pm-Xn- ]- n-I-h¿-§- hn-`m-K-Øn¬- Dƒ-s∏- -h¿-°pw- h-b- n-f-hv- e- n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-7. tbmKyXIƒ:(1) hnZym`ymk tbmKyXIƒ:tIcf k¿°mcns‚ lb¿ sk°‚dn hnZym`ymk hIp∏v \SØp∂πkvSp ]co£ hnPbn®ncn°Ww As√¶n¬ tIcf k¿°m¿/`mcXk¿°m¿ AwKoIcn® XØpey ]co£ hnPbn®ncn°Ww.Ipdn∏v: (i) 30.08.2010 Èí ÎáXÉí ØVÕîàØßW dÉçÕÖßºîÕæøØ¢Ìtßºîß¿çJÞ¢ ¥¿ßØíÅÞÈ çÏÞ-KcÄ ®Øí.®Øí.®W.Øß.çÏÞÄJáÜc çÏÞ-KcÄçÏÞ ¦ÏßøßAá¢.(ii) sI.Fkv& Fkv.Fkv. B¿ se dqƒ 10 (a) ii _m[IamWv.(2) ]pcpj/h-\n-X- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- kw-_-‘n-®- a-‰v- tbm-Ky-X-Iƒ- Xm-sg- ]-d-bp-∂-p.a. ]pcpj DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ ˛(i) imcocnI tbmKyXIƒ: Dbcw Ipd™Xv 168 sk.ao,s\©fhv Ipd™Xv 81 sk.ao Dw ]q¿Æ DOzmkØn¬ 5 sk.aoÉâVH hnImkhpw.Ipdn∏v: ]ńI-Pm-Xn-/-]- n-I- h¿-§- hn- m-K-Øn¬-s∏- - D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- Ip-d-™-Xv 160cm Dbcw a-Xn-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.- F-∂m¬- ta¬-∏-d-™-hn- m-Kw- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°pw- Ip-d-™-Xv- 5 sk.-an- s\-©-f-hv- hn-Im-kw- F-∂- \n-_-‘-\- _m-[-I-am-Wv-(ii) ImbnI£aXm ]co£ : F√m ]pcpj DtZymKm¿∞nIfpwÕYØíxÞV Ãm≥-tU¿-Unep≈ Xmsg ]dbp∂ 8 (F´v) C\ßfn¬GsX¶nepw 5 (A©v) FÆØn¬ tbmKyX t\Snbncn°Ww.

Ia h¨Ãm¿\º¿ C\ßƒ \nehmcw1 100 ao‰¿ Hm´w 14 sk°‚ v2 ssl Pºv 132.2 cm3 temwKv Pºv 457.2 cm4 ]pńwKv Zv tjm´v (7264 Kmw) 609.6 cm5 tXmbnwKv Zn In°‰v t_mƒ 6096 cm6 tdm]v ss¢ºnwKv (ssIIƒ amXw D]tbmKn®v) 365.8 cm7 ]pƒ A]vkv AYhm Nn∂nwKv 8 XhW8 1500 ao‰¿ Hm´w 5 an\n´v 44 sk°‚ v

(iii) F≥Uyqd≥kv sSÃv (Endurance Test)F√m ]p-cp-j- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fpw- c-≠p- Io-tem-ao-‰¿- Zq-cw- 13 (]-Xn-aq-∂v-)- an-\n- p-sIm-≠v- Hm-Sn- hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-bn-cn-°-Ww.b. h\nXm DtZymKm¿∞nIƒi. imcocnI ÏÞKcÄµZ : Dbcw Ipd™Xv 157 sk.aoIpdn∏v: [ÉGßµ¼ÞÄß/ÉGßµ ÕVP ÕßÍÞKJßWæMG ©çÆcÞKÞVjßµZAíµáùEÄí 150 cm ©Ïø¢ ÎÄßÏÞµáKÄÞÃí]ii. ImbnI£aXm ]co£ : F√m h\nXm DtZymKm¿∞nIfpwÕYØíxÞV ØíxÞXçÁVÁßÜáU Xmsg ]dbp∂ 9 (HºXv) C\ßfn¬GsX¶nepw 5 (A©v) FÆØn¬ tbmKyX t\Snbncn°Ww.Ia C\ßƒ h¨Ãm¿\º¿ \nehmcw1 100 ao‰¿ Hm´w 17 sk°‚ v2 ssl Pºv 106 cm3 temwKv Pºv 305 cm4 ]pńwKv Zv tjm´v (4000 Kmw) 400 cm5 200 ao‰¿ Hm´w 36 sk°‚ v6 tXmbnwKv Zn tXm t_mƒ 1400 cm7 jń¬ sdbvkv (2500 sk.ao X 400 sk.ao.) 26 sk°‚ v8 ]pƒ A]vkv AYhm Nn∂nwKv 8 XhW9 kvIn∏nwKv (²øá ÎßÈßGv) 80 XhW(iii) F≥-Uyqd≥-kv sSÃv (Endurance Test)F√m h\nXm DtZymKm¿∞nIfpw c≠p Iotemao‰¿ Zqcw 15

(]Xn\©v) an\n-´p-sIm-≠v- Hm-Sn- hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-bn-cn-°-Ww.µáùßMí: DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- Im-bn-I-£-a-Xm- ]-co-£-bv-°v- ap-t∂m-Sn-bm-bn- im-co-cn-I- A-f-sh-Sp-∏v- \-S-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv.- \n-›n-X- im-co-cn-I-A-f-hp-Iƒ- C-√m-Ø- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- Im-bn-I-£-a-Xm- ]-co-£-bn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-∏n-°p-∂-X-√.- Im-bn-I-£-a-Xm- ]-co-£-bn-tem- F-≥Uyp-d-≥kv- sS-kv-‰n¬- ]-s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬- A-]-I-Sw- kw-`-hn-°p-I-tbm- ]-cn-t°¬-°p-I-tbm- sN-øp-∂- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- ]-co-£-bn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-°p-hm-≥ ho-≠pw- A-h-k-cw- \¬-Ip-∂-X√.3. saUn°¬ \nehmcw. -F√m- ]p-cp-j-/-h-\n-Xm- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°pw- Xm-sg- ]-d-bp-∂- ]-Im-c-ap-f-f- sa-Un-°¬- \n-e-hm-cw- D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.-i. -sN-hn-:- \√ tIƒhni‡n D≠mbncn°Ww.ii. IÆv: IÆSbn√msX Xmsg ]dbp∂ hn[ØnepffImgvNi‡nbpffXmbn km£ys∏SpØnbncn°Ww.heXpIÆv CSXpIÆva) ZqcImgvN 6/6 kvs\√≥ 6/6 kvs\√≥b) kao]°mgvN 0.5 kvs\√≥ 0.5 kvs\√≥c) If¿hnj≥ km[mcWd) \nim‘X C√mXncn°Wwiii. t]inIfpw k‘nIfpw : Xf¿-hm-Xw- _m-[n-°m-Ø-Xpw- F-√m-k-‘n-I-fpw- B-bm-k-c-ln-X-am-bn- N-en-∏n-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.-iv. \mUo-hyq-lw-:- ]q¿-Æ- £-a-X-bp-f-f-Xpw- ]-I¿-®-hym-[n-I-fn¬-\n-∂pw- hn-ap-‡-hp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.-Ip-dn-∏v-:- Hm-tcm- I-Æn-\pw- ]q¿-Æ-am-b- Im-gv-N- i-‡n- D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.- I-f¿- ssª-≥Uv-\-kv,- kv-Izn-‚ v- A-s√-¶n¬- I-Æn-s‚-tbm- I-¨-t]m-f-I-fp-tS-tbm- tam¿-_n-Uv- B-bn-´p-f-f- A-h-ÿ- F-∂n-h- A-tbm-Ky-X-bm-bn- I-W-°m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- ap-´p-X-´v,- ]-c-∂- ]m-Zw,- R-c-ºv- ho-°w,- h-f-™- Im-ep-Iƒ,- ssh-I-ey-ap-f-f- ssI-Im-ep-Iƒ,- tIm-º-√v-(ap-≥ ]-√v-),- D-¥n-b- ]-√p-Iƒ,- sIm-™,- tIƒ-hn-bn-epw- kw-km-c-ti-jn-bn-ep-ap-f-f- Ip-d-hp-Iƒ- F-∂n-ß-s\-bp-f-f- im-co-cn-I- \yq-\-X-Iƒ-A-tbm-Ky-X-bm-bn- I-W-°m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- im-co-cn-I-tbm-Ky-X-bpw- I-Æ-S- Iq-Sm-sX-bp-f-f- Im-gv-N- i-‡n-bpw- sX-fn-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\v- Xm-sg- sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-f-f- am-Xr-I-bn¬- k¿-°m¿- k¿-∆o-kn-ep-f-f- A-kn-Ã-‚ v- k¿-P-≥/-Pq-\n-b¿- I-¨-kƒ-´-‚-fl-s‚- dm-¶n¬- Ip-d-bm-Ø- dm-¶n-ep-f-f- H-cp- sa-Un-°¬- B-ô-k-dn¬- \n-∂pw- e-`n-®- sa-Un-°¬- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰n-s‚- A- ¬- Im-bn-I-£-a-Xm- ]-co-£-bp-sS- k-a-b-Øv- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- Iq-Sm-sX,- Cu- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- ]-am-W- ]-cn-tim-[-\m- k-a-b-Øv- A-h-c-h-cp-sS- s]m-ss^-en¬- A-]v-tem-Uv- sN-tø-≠-Xp-a-mWv.saUn-°¬- k¿-ń-^n-°‰n-s‚ am-Xr-Ibv-°v- sh_v-ssk‰n-se hn-Pv-Rm-]\w- Im-Wp-I.- (www.keralapsc.gov.in)Ip-dn-∏v-:- Im-gv-N-i-‡n-sb- kw-_-‘n-®- hn-h-c-ßƒ- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰n¬-hy-‡-am-bn- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww.- hn-j-≥ t\m¿-a¬,- B-h-td-Pv,- ap-X-em-b- A-hy-‡-am-b- ]-kv-Xm-h-\-Iƒ- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-X-√.- Hm-tcm- I-Æn-t\-bpw- kw-_-‘n-®- hn-h-c-ßƒ- ]-tXy-I-am-bn- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww.- Im-gv-N-i-‡n- ap-I-fn¬- kq-Nn-∏n-®n-´p-f-f- hn-[-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬- I-Æn-\v- \-√- Im-gv-N-i-‡n-bp-s≠-t∂m- tam-i-am-b- Im-gv-N-i-‡n-bm-sW-t∂m- D-f-f- hn-h-cw- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- \¬-Ip-∂- D-tZym-K-ÿ-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰n¬- tc-J-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.- A-√m-Ø-]-£w- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-X-√.-8.- -sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- H-cp- h¿-jw- G-sX-¶n-epw- t^m-d-Ãv- sS-bn-\nw-Kv- kv-Iq-fn-W- sS-bn-\nw-Kn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-9.- -X-kv-Xn-I-am-‰w- h-gn- tPm-en-bn¬- ]-th-in-°p-∂-h¿- Xp-S¿-®-bm-b- aq-∂v- h¿-j-Øn-\p-≈n¬- c-≠p- h¿-jw- s]m-t_-j-\n-em-bn-cn-°pw.-10.- -Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\-]-Im-cw- Im-bn-I-£-a-Xm- ]-co-£-bv-°v- sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- Xm-sg- Im-Wp-∂- am-Xr-I-bn-ep-f-f- k¿-∆o-kv- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- A-h-c-h-cp-sS- s]-ss^-en¬- A-]v-tem-Uv- sN-tø-≠-Xpw,- A-Xn-s‚- A- ¬- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- ]-cn-tim-[-\m- th-f-bn¬- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv-.k¿-∆o-kv-- k¿-ń-^n-°‰n-s‚ am-Xr-Ibv-°v- sh_v-ssk‰n-se hn-Pv-Rm-]\w- Im-Wp-I.- (www.keralapsc.gov.in)

XmXv°menI sjUyqƒH.Fw.B¿ ]co£m ÄàÏÄß : 23.04.2016

µÞÏßµfÎÄÞ Éøàf,®XÁáùXØí æ¿Øíxí :æØÉíx¢ÌV/²µíç¿ÞÌV, 2016

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 5

A¥n-a DØckq-Nn-I

A B C D A B C D

1 B A B A 51 D A C D

2 A D A C 52 A A C B

3 B C C D 53 A D B C

4 D A C D 54 B B A A

5 C B B D 55 D D B A

6 A B A D 56 A C D B

7 D A C B 57 A C B D

8 C C D A 58 D B C D

9 A C D C 59 B A A C

10 B B D B 60 D B A D

11 B A D B 61 C D B D

12 A C B D 62 C B D A

13 C D A A 63 B C D C

14 C D C C 64 A A C A

15 B D B C 65 B A D C

16 A D B A 66 D B D B

17 C B D D 67 B D A A

18 D A A C 68 C D C B

19 D C C A 69 A C A D

20 D B C C 70 A D C C

21 D B A C 71 B D B A

22 B D D B 72 D A A D

23 A A C D 73 D C B C

24 C C A C 74 C A D A

25 B C C B 75 D C C B

26 B A C B 76 D B A B

27 D D B A 77 A A D A

28 A C D D 78 C B C C

29 C A C A 79 A D A C

30 C C B A 80 C C B B

31 A C B C 81 D D C D

32 D B A D 82 C A B A

33 C D D B 83 B B B C

34 A C A B 84 B C D B

35 C B A C 85 C B A B

36 C B C D 86 D C D D

37 B A D A 87 A B A C

38 D D B A 88 B B C B

39 C A B B 89 C D B B

40 B A C D 90 B A B C

41 B C D A 91 C D D D

42 A D A A 92 B A C A

43 D B A D 93 B C B B

44 A B B B 94 D B B C

45 A C D D 95 A B C B

46 C D A C 96 D D D C

47 D A A C 97 A C A B

48 B A D B 98 C B B B

49 B B B A 99 B B C D

50 C D D B 100 B C B A

Q No.

Question Paper Code: 230/2015

Laboratory Technical Assistant (Maintenance and Repairs of Two wheelers and

Three wheelers) - VHSE

Date of Test: 15.12.2015

QUESTION BOOKLET Q No.

QUESTION BOOKLET

Medium of Question: English

A B C D A B C D

1 D A B C 51 A A B C

2 X C D A 52 X C A B

3 B C D C 53 B D C B

4 A B A C 54 D B D D

5 C D B B 55 C A B A

6 A B C A 56 A B C C

7 C D A C 57 C A B D

8 C D C D 58 D C B C

9 B A C B 59 B D D D

10 D B B D 60 A B A D

11 B C A C 61 B C C A

12 D A C B 62 A B D A

13 D C D A 63 C B C B

14 A C B D 64 D D D D

15 B B D D 65 B A D B

16 C A C A 66 C C A B

17 A C B B 67 B D A C

18 C D A D 68 B C B D

19 C B D A 69 D D D A

20 B D D D 70 A D B B

21 A C A B 71 C A B D

22 C B B B 72 D A C C

23 D A D C 73 C B D C

24 B D A D 74 D D A A

25 D D D A 75 D B B A

26 C A B D 76 A B D A

27 B B B X 77 A C C X

28 A D C B 78 B D C B

29 D A D A 79 D A A D

30 D D A C 80 B B A C

31 A B D A 81 A C C D

32 B B X C 82 D A D D

33 D C B C 83 B C A A

34 A D A B 84 D A C B

35 D A C D 85 B B B C

36 B D A B 86 C C D A

37 B X C D 87 A D D D

38 C B C D 88 C A A B

39 D A B A 89 A C B D

40 A C D B 90 B B C B

41 B D A A 91 C D A C

42 C C X C 92 D D D A

43 D C B D 93 A A B C

44 A A D B 94 C B D A

45 B A C A 95 B C B B

46 D A A B 96 D A C C

47 C X C A 97 D D A D

48 C B D C 98 A B C A

49 A D B D 99 B D A C

50 A C A B 100 C B B B

X' DENOTES DELETION

Q No.


Electrician/Pump Operator - Revenue (Tvm District)



QUESTION BOOKLET


A B C D A B C D

1 D C B A 51 D D D A

2 A C D C 52 C B C A

3 B A D C 53 C A A A

4 C C B A 54 B A A C

5 B C D B 55 A C C C

6 C B A D 56 D D A D

7 C D C B 57 B C A B

8 A D C A 58 A A A D

9 C B A D 59 A A C A

10 C D B B 60 C C C A

11 B A D D 61 D A D B

12 D C B B 62 C A B A

13 D C A B 63 A A D B

14 B A D B 64 A C A D

15 D B B A 65 C C A A

16 A D D C 66 A D B D

17 C B B A 67 A B A A

18 C A B D 68 A D B B

19 A D B D 69 C A D C

20 B B A B 70 C A A B

21 D D C D 71 D B D C

22 B B A C 72 B A A C

23 A B D D 73 D B B A

24 D B D B 74 A D C C

25 B A B C 75 A A B C

26 D C D A 76 B D C B

27 B A C A 77 A A C D

28 B D D C 78 B B A D

29 B D B B 79 D C C B

30 A B C C 80 A B C D

31 C D A D 81 B D B D

32 A C A B 82 A A A B

33 D D C C 83 D C C C

34 D B B B 84 B D A A

35 B C C D 85 A C B B

36 D A D D 86 D B D B

37 C A B C 87 A A B A

38 D C C C 88 C C C D

39 B B B B 89 D A A B

40 C C D A 90 C B B A

41 A D D D 91 B D B D

42 A B C B 92 A B A A

43 C C C A 93 C C D C

44 B B B A 94 A A B D

45 C D A C 95 B B A C

46 D D D D 96 D B D B

47 B C B C 97 B A A A

48 C C A A 98 C D C C

49 B B A A 99 A B D A

50 D A C C 100 B A C B

Q No.


Physical Education Teacher (HS) Malayalam (NCA - SIUC/AI/M) - Education (Knr

District)



QUESTION BOOKLET

Medium of Question: Malayalam

A B C D A B C D

1 B A B D 51 D C B C

2 D C A B 52 X C A A

3 A C C A 53 A B C D

4 D D D C 54 B C B D

5 C B B C 55 X C B D

6 A B D A 56 C B C B

7 C A B A 57 C A A D

8 C C A D 58 B C D A

9 D D C B 59 C B D D

10 B B C C 60 C B D C

11 B D A C 61 B C B A

12 A B A B 62 A A D C

13 C A D A 63 C D A C

14 D C B B 64 B D D D

15 B C C A 65 B D C B

16 D A C D 66 C B A B

17 B A B D 67 A D C A

18 A D A A 68 D A C C

19 C B B A 69 D D D D

20 C C A A 70 D C B B

21 A C D C 71 A B B A

22 A B D D 72 D B D C

23 D A A C 73 B B A D

24 B B A D 74 B D C X

25 C A A C 75 B A D A

26 C D C D 76 D C X D

27 B D D D 77 A D A B

28 A A C D 78 C X D B

29 B A D A 79 D A B B

30 A A C B 80 X D B D

31 D C D X 81 C C B B

32 D D D D 82 D A B C

33 A C D B 83 C B B A

34 A D A A 84 A B C D

35 A C B C 85 B B A C

36 C D X D 86 B C D D

37 D D D X 87 B A C C

38 C D B A 88 C D D A

39 D A A B 89 A C C B

40 C B C X 90 D D A B

41 D X D C 91 B D B D

42 D D X C 92 A A C A

43 D B A B 93 D B D X

44 A A B C 94 A C A C

45 B C X C 95 B D X B

46 X D C B 96 C A C A

47 D X C A 97 D X B D

48 B A B C 98 A C A A

49 A B C B 99 X B D B

50 C X C B 100 C A A C

X- Denotes DELETION

Q No.


Lecturer (Home Science (Food & Nutrition)) - Kerala Collegiate Education



QUESTION BOOKLET


A B C D A B C D

1 A A A A 51 X C A C

2 C B B D 52 D A C A

3 B D C B 53 B C D D

4 B D D C 54 D B C B

5 A C C A 55 C D C B

6 D D A C 56 A B B A

7 C B C A 57 B A D B

8 D C B D 58 B D A B

9 B A D B 59 D C A D

10 D B B B 60 A B D C

11 A A A D 61 C A C B

12 B B D A 62 A C A A

13 D C B B 63 C D D D

14 D D C A 64 B C B A

15 C C A C 65 D C B B

16 D A C C 66 B B A A

17 B C A D 67 A D B B

18 C B D B 68 D A B D

19 A D B A 69 C A D C

20 B B B C 70 B D C B

21 A A D X 71 A C B A

22 B D A D 72 C A A C

23 C B B B 73 D D D B

24 D C A D 74 C B A B

25 C A C C 75 C B B A

26 A C C A 76 B A A D

27 C A D B 77 D B B C

28 B D B B 78 A B D D

29 D B A D 79 A D C B

30 B B C A 80 D C B D

31 A D X C 81 C B A A

32 D A D A 82 A A C B

33 B B B C 83 D D B D

34 C A D B 84 B A B D

35 A C C D 85 B B A C

36 C C A B 86 A A D D

37 A D B A 87 B B C B

38 D B B D 88 B D D C

39 B A D C 89 D C B A

40 B C A B 90 C B D B

41 D X C A 91 B A A A

42 A D A C 92 A C B B

43 B B C D 93 D B D C

44 A D B C 94 A B D D

45 C C D C 95 B A C C

46 C A B B 96 A D D A

47 D B A D 97 B C B C

48 B B D A 98 D D C B

49 A D C A 99 C B A D

50 C A B D 100 B D B B

X' DENOTES DELETION






Junior Instructor (Mechanic Motor Vehicle) - Industrial Training

A B C D A B C D

1 B C C D 51 B C D A

2 D D C B 52 D C D C

3 C B B B 53 D D C A

4 C D B C 54 C B A A

5 A A A C 55 A A D B

6 C C D A 56 C D A D

7 D C B A 57 C D C A

8 B B B X 58 D C A C

9 D B C A 59 B A A D

10 A A C B 60 A D B D

11 C D A C 61 D A D A

12 C B A D 62 D C A A

13 B B X A 63 C A C D

14 B C A B 64 A A D B

15 A C B C 65 D B D D

16 D A C D 66 A D A B

17 B A D C 67 C A A D

18 B X A A 68 A C D C

19 C A B C 69 A D B C

20 C B C C 70 B D D A

21 A C D B 71 D A B C

22 A D C A 72 A A D D

23 X A A B 73 C D C B

24 A B C B 74 D B C D

25 B C C B 75 D D A A

26 C D B B 76 A B C C

27 D C A D 77 A D D C

28 A A B A 78 D C B B

29 B C B A 79 B C D B

30 C C B C 80 D A A A

31 D B B B 81 B A A A

32 C A D C 82 A A A A

33 A B A B 83 D A A C

34 C B A D 84 A A C B

35 C B C D 85 D X A C

36 B B B B 86 A A A B

37 A D C D 87 A A A A

38 B A B D 88 A A C D

39 B A D C 89 A C B A

40 B C D A 90 X A C D

41 B B B C 91 A A B A

42 D C D C 92 A A A A

43 A B D D 93 A C D A

44 A D C B 94 C B A A

45 C D A A 95 A C D X

46 B B C D 96 A B A A

47 C D C D 97 A A A A

48 B D D C 98 C D A A

49 D C B A 99 B A A C

50 D A A D 100 C D X A

X- Denotes DELETION






Microbiologist - The Pharmaceutical Corporation (IM) Kerala Ltd

A B C D A B C D

1 D C D D 51 A B C C

2 B B D B 52 A D A A

3 C D B B 53 D A B D

4 C A C A 54 B C D D

5 A B A C 55 C B B C

6 C D D C 56 B C C B

7 B D B B 57 D A A A

8 D B B C 58 A B D A

9 A C A A 59 C D D C

10 B A C X 60 B B C D

11 D D C C 61 C C B A

12 D B B D 62 A A A B

13 B B C C 63 B D A C

14 C A A D 64 D D C C

15 A C X D 65 B C D D

16 D C C B 66 C B A D

17 B B D C 67 A A B B

18 B C C B 68 D A C C

19 A A D A 69 D C C C

20 C X D D 70 C D D A

21 C C B A 71 B A D C

22 B D C A 72 A B B B

23 C C B A 73 A C C D

24 A D A D 74 C C C A

25 X D D B 75 D D A B

26 C B A D 76 A D C D

27 D C A C 77 B B B D

28 C B A B 78 C C D B

29 D A D D 79 C C A C

30 D D B A 80 D A B A

31 B A D A 81 D B C C

32 C A C C 82 A A A B

33 B A B B 83 B D C C

34 A D D D 84 B A A D

35 D B A C 85 C D D B

36 A D A A 86 B C C D

37 A C C A 87 A A B A

38 A B B D 88 D C C B

39 D D D B 89 A A D B

40 B A C C 90 D D B C

41 D A A B 91 C C D B

42 C C A D 92 A B A A

43 B B D A 93 C C B D

44 D D B C 94 A D B A

45 A C C B 95 D B C D

46 A A B C 96 C D B C

47 C A D A 97 B A A A

48 B D A B 98 C B D C

49 D B C D 99 D B A A

50 C C B B 100 B C D D

X- Denotes DELETION






Motor Mechanic/Store Assistant - Ground Water

A B C D A B C D

1 B D B D 51 B D B D

2 D B C C 52 A A D B

3 A C D B 53 D C A C

4 C D X A 54 C B C D

5 A A C C 55 B A A A

6 D B D A 56 D B D B

7 B C C D 57 A D B C

8 C D B A 58 C A C D

9 D X A D 59 B C D X

10 A C C B 60 A A A C

11 B D A C 61 B B C C

12 C C D A 62 C B A A

13 D B A A 63 C B B C

14 X A D C 64 B X C C

15 C C B C 65 B B C C

16 D A C A 66 B C C B

17 C D A C 67 B A A C

18 B A A B 68 B B C C

19 A D C D 69 X C C B

20 C B C A 70 B C C B

21 A C A D 71 C C B B

22 D A C B 72 A A C B

23 A A B B 73 B C C B

24 D C D C 74 C C B X

25 B C A D 75 C C B B

26 C A D D 76 C B B C

27 A C B A 77 A C B A

28 A B B B 78 C C B B

29 C D C X 79 C B X C

30 C A D D 80 C B B C

31 A D D A 81 C D D B

32 C B A D 82 A C C D

33 B B B B 83 C B C A

34 D C X D 84 B D A A

35 A D D B 85 A B D B

36 D D A B 86 D D B C

37 B A D A 87 C C D A

38 B B B D 88 B C A C

39 C X D C 89 D A A B

40 D D B B 90 B D B A

41 D A B D 91 D B C D

42 A D A A 92 C D A C

43 B B D C 93 C A C B

44 X D C B 94 A A B D

45 D B B A 95 D B A B

46 A B D B 96 B C D D

47 D A A D 97 D A C C

48 B D C A 98 A C B C

49 D C B C 99 A B D A

50 B B A A 100 B A B D

X' DENOTES DELETION

Q No.


Matron Grade I - Social Justice



QUESTION BOOKLET

Medium of Question: Malayalam/Tamil/Kannada

6 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

1. The phrase ‘Root out’ means:(a) Destroy completely (b) Form roots(c) Give strong support (d) Search forsomething

2. Papparazzi means:(a) Hater of women(b) Male features appears in women(c) Reporters of yellow journals(d) Photographers

3. A bird in hand is better than two in the(a) town (b) village(c) bush (d) river

4. The idiom ‘To make both ends meet’:(a) To compromise with the enemy(b) To live with one’s salary(c) To confess(d) To keep one’s promise

5. The judge finds him guilty ___ murder.(a) with (b) by(c) at (d) of

6. The word “Extempore” means:(a) Exquisite (b) Dear(c) Perfect (d) withoutpreparation

7. The word “Delicacy” means:(a) Shy (b) Weakness(c) Sensitive (d) Thin

8. The doctor gave him an injection to _____the temperature.(a) put down (b) get down(c) bring down (d) take down

9. I am fond of ____ to jass.(a) listening (b) listen(c) to listen (d) None of these

10. Would you mind ____ the window.(a) close (b) to close(c) closing (d) None of these

11. If you had invited him he _____ come.(a) would (b) will(c) would have (d) was

12. My younger brother has just _____ a letterfrom his girl friend.(a) receive (b) received(c) to receive (d) receiving

13. Raju is displeased _____ his wife.

(a) on (b) with(c) by (d) to

14. Which is not correctly matched?(a) Asses-bray (b) Cattle- trumpet(c) Dogs- bark (d) Frogs- croak

15. I assured him_____ my support.(a) from (b) of(c) by (d) with

16. We ran as ____ as we could.(a) quickly (b) the most quickly(c) most quickly (d) more quickly

17. Equal in rank , merit or quality:(a) Chum (b) Contemporary(c) Peer (d) Colleague

18. The plural of ‘leaf’:(a) Lives (b) Leafs(c) Leaves (d) Leafes

19. Murder of a king:(a) Matricide (b) Genocide(c) Regicide (d) Homicide

20. Choose the correctly spelt word:(a) Coincidence (b) Coincidense(c) Coinsidence (d) coincidance

21. Choose the correctly spelt word:(a) annihilate (b) anihilate(c) annihillate (d) anihillate

22. Deliberate damage to property:(a) Masochism (b) Vandalism(c) Censure (d) Nepotism

23. The sound made by Ducks:(a) Quack (b) Coo(c) Mew (d) Bray

24. ‘To leave no stone unturned’ means:(a) To keep clean and tidy(b) To try utmost(c) To work enthusiastically(d) To change the things

25. The opposite of ‘Tentative’:(a) Immediate (b) Urgent(c) Developed (d) Final

Answers1 (a) 2(c) 3 (c) 4 (b) 5(d) 6(d) 7(b) 8(c) 9(a) 10(c)11(c) 12(b) 13(b) 14(b) 15(b) 16(a) 17(c) 18(c) 19(c)20(a) 21(a) 22(b) 23(a) 24(b) 25(d)

21. In a democracy everyone _____ obey the

laws of the country.(a) can (b) ought to(c) may (d) could

2. Everybody claims to be right, _____?(a) isn’t it (b) don’t they(c) aren’t they (d) won’t they

3. The opposite of ‘derange’ is:(a) Arrange (b) Disarrange(c) Disorder (d) Dislocate

4. A book fell _____ the shelf:(a) off (b) down(c) onto (d) along

5. Is there _____ hospital in your village.(a) the (b) an(c) a (d) and

6. _____ enough food for all?(a) Are there (b) Is there(c) Where there (d) Were there

7. Sheela swam _____ the river.(a) on top of (b) beneath(c) across (d) over

8. Idleness and luxury _____ poverty andwant.(a) bring in (b) bring out(c) bring up (d) bring forth

9. List and explanation for several words:(a) Agendum (b) Glossary(c) Appendix (d) Addendum

10. Neither the students nor the teacher _____come.(a) are (b) have(c) was (d) has

11. The illicit partner of a married man orwoman:(a) Bride (b) Fiance(c) Spinster (d) Paramour

12. Political leaders should think of the people_____ they are accountable.(a) to who (b) to whom(c) who (d) which

13. Something that cures any evil or trouble:(a) Manna (b) Elixir(c) Panacea (d) Potion

14. A lot of time _____ wasted.(a) has (b) was(c) are (d) have been

15. Few girls know his house, _____?(a) do they (b) did they(c) don’t they (d) didn’t they

16. Select the word opposite in meaning to‘right’:(a) Incorrect (b) Mistake(c) Sin (d) Wrong

17. When Raju reached the hall , the meeting____ already ____.(a) have, begun (b) has, begun(c) had, begun (d) have, beginning

18. Which of the following words is wronglyspelt?(a) Efficient (b) Reverance(c) Dilemma (d) Privilege

19. A system of naming things:(a) Horticulture (b) Miniature(c) Genocide (d) Nomenclature

20. The meaning of ‘Lethargy’:(a) Danger (b) Energy(c) Enthusiasm (d) Dullness

21. Either of the alternatives ___ good.(a) are (b) is(c) have (d) will

22. We shall be ready ___ a few minutes.(a) in (b) on(c) at (d) by

23. The antonym of ‘Diffident’ is:(a) Confident (b) Afraid(c) Difficult (d) Indifferent

24. Which one of the following words speltcorrectly?(a) Coreography (b) Choriography(c) Choreography (d) Chariography

25. The girl ____ fainted.(a) has (b) have(c) will (d) was

Answers1 (b) 2(b) 3 (a) 4 (a) 5(c) 6(b) 7(c)8(d) 9(b) 10(d)11(d) 12(b) 13(c) 14(b) 15(a) 16(d) 17(c) 18(b)19(d) 20(d) 21(b) 22(a) 23(a) 24(c) 25(a)

General English

1. My age is three times the age of my son tenyears ago. If my son’s age is 23 years now ,what is my age?(a) 49 (b) 39(c) 69 (d) 59

2. Find the missing term which will completethe series: 5,7,5,9,5,11,5,?(a) 5 (b) 13(c) 10 (d) 12

3. If 2494 divided by 14.5 equals 172, then24.94 divided by 1.45 equals:(a) 0.172 (b) 1.72(c) 17.2 (d) 172

4. BD,EH,IM,NS,?(a) UY (b) UZ(c) TY (d) TZ

5. The angles of a triangle are in the ratio3:4:5. What is the degree of the largestangle?(a) 30 (b) 45(c) 60 (d) 75

6. Water/Liquid as Stone/Solid as Air/?(a) Atmosphere (b) Gas(c) Breath (d) Vapour

7. Base and hypotenuse of a triangle are 8, 10cm respectively. Its area in cm:(a) 80 (b) 48(c) 40 (d) 24

8. If BAD is related to YZW, then MAD will becoded as:(a) MNP (b) MNZ(c) NZW (d) NWZ

9. The volume of a cube is 2744 cubic cm. Itssurface area is:(a) 196 sq.cm (b) 1176 sq.cm(c) 784 sq.cm (d) 588 sq.cm

10. Complete the series: 169,144,121,___,81(a) 90 (b) 120(c) 110 (d) 100

11. Which among the following is the point ofintersection of the medians of a triangle?(a) Circumcentre (b) Centroid(c) Orthocentre (d) Incentre

12. Bee : Honey :: Cow:?(a) Milk (b) Milk product(c) Ice cream (d) Calf

13. The sum of two natural numbers is 8 andtheir the sum of their reciprockals is 8/15.Find the numbers:(a) 3 and 5 (b) 2 and 6(c) 1 and 7 (d) 4 and 4

14. If the letters of ZILBRA is rearranged, thenwe will get the name of a:(a) City (b) Sea(c) Country (d) Hill

15. If Rs.400 is invested at 10% interest per

annum compounded half yearly. Then theamount at the end of first year will be:(a) 400 (b) 484(c) 480 (d) 441

16. Seetal has a peculiar preference. She likes144 but not 244, likes 81 but not 91. Whichof the following number Seetal will like?(a) 101 (b) 190(c) 121 (d) 200

17. If 10 men can do a piece of work in 12 daysworking 7 hours a day. Then how manyhours a day must six men work to do thesame work in 14 days?(a) 8 (b) 10(c) 12 (d) 6

18. 2,4,16,256,?(a) 65536 (b) 4096(c) 32768 (d) 8192

19. 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 +......+ 200=?(a) 10010 (b) 10100(c) 11010 (d) 10012

20. Find the one which does not belong to thegroup:(a) Robert Browing (b) Alexander Fleming(c) Mathew Arnold (d) Thomas Gray

21. When goods sold at Rs.240, a merchantgains 25%. How much percent would hegain by selling it for Rs.216?

Test of Arithmetic and Mental Ability(a) 12 (b) 15.5(c) 12.5 (d) 20

22. If BEFORE is coded as FEBORE thenJUNGLE is coded as:(a) NUJGLE (b) GNUJEL(c) GNUJEL (d) GNUJLE

23. Perimeter of a triangle is 100 cm. One sideis 20 cm. What is its area in square cm?(a) 1600 (b) 800(c) 600 (d) 400

24. Circle: Circumference:: Square: ?(a) Area (b) Angle(c) Diagonal (d) Perimeter

25. A car driver decided to drive his car at aspeed of 60kmph in the hope of coveringthe distance of 30km in 30 minutes. Buthalf way he found that his speed was only30 kmph. What should be his speed in thesecond half of his journey at an averagespeed of 60kmph?(a) Journey impossible (b) 55kmph(c) 45kmph (d) None of the above

Answers1 (a) 2(b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5(d) 6(b) 7(d) 8(c) 9(b) 10(d)11(b) 12(a) 13(a) 14(c) 15(d) 16(c) 17(b) 18(a)19(b) 20(b) 21(c) 22(a) 23(c) 24(d) 25(a)

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 7

1. Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ icn-bmb IawXnc-s™-Sp-°p-I.1. \nt°m-tfm-tIm≠n 2. A_vZpƒdkmJv 3. AX-t\-j-ykv \n‡n≥ 4.(F) C‰en (_n) djy(kn) t]¿jy(F) 1˛F 2˛_n 3˛kn(_n) 1˛kn 2˛_n 3˛Fkn) 1˛F 2˛kn 3˛_n(Un) 1˛_n 2˛kn 3˛F

2. tIc-f-Øn-se-Ønb BZ-ysØ t]m¿®p-Kokv k©mcn:(F) hmkvtIm-U-Kma (_n) I_mƒ(kn) ss]tdm Z tIm-hn¬ lmw(Un) A¬sabvU

3. Xmsg -∏ -d -bp -∂-h -bn¬ sl¿a≥Kp≠¿ńs‚ IrXn A√m-ØXv:(F) tIc-tfm¬∏Øn (_n) `mjm-h-ym-I-cWw(kn) ]g-s©m¬ame (Un) aeb-hn-emkw

4. c‡w I´-]n-Sn-°p-∂Xv XS-bp-∂Xv:(F) lotam-t•m-_n≥ (_n) lotam-k-bm-\n≥(kn) Cukn-t\m-^n¬ (Un) sl∏m-cn≥

5. a\p-jy-i-co-c-Øn-se- U-b-tÃm-fn-Iv- a¿-±w- ˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-an-√o- ao-‰¿- sa¿-°p-dn-bm-Wv-(F) 120 (_n) 80(kn) 300 (Un) 30

6. Dd® ]X-e-ß-fn¬ Xń-bm¬ teml-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]tX-yI i_vZw ]pd-s∏Sphn-°p∂ khn-ti-j-X-bmWv:(F) amen-b-_n-en‰n (_n) UIvSn-en‰n(kn) tkmtWm-cn‰n(Un) Ch-sbm-∂p-a√

7. Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ A¬\nt°mF∂ teml-k-¶-c-Ønse LSIwA√m-ØXv GXv?(F) Aep-an-\nbw (_n) tIm∏¿(kn) tIm-_mƒ´v (Un) \n°¬

8. Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ auen-Im-h-ImiwA√m-ØXv GXv?(F) `c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-amb ]Xn-hn[n(_n) aX-k-zm-X-¥yw(kn) ka-Xzw (Un) kvXo]p-cp-j-t -Z-a-t\y Xpe-y-tPm-en°v Xpey iºfw

9. C¥-y≥ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 51 F A\p-t—Zw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂Xv(F) \n¿t±-iI XØ-z-ßƒ(_n) auen-Im-h-Im-i-ßƒ(kn) auenI Npa-X-e-Iƒ(Un) BapJw

10. GXp ]X-Øn-emWv hn.-Sn. ` -Xn-cn-∏mSv]q v doU-dmbn tPmen sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv?(F) amXr-`qan (_n) awK-tfm-Zbw(kn) tIc-f-anXw (Un) anX-hmZn

11. NpJ Pe-ssh-Z-ypX ]≤Xn GXv cmP-y-Øm-Wv?(F) ssN\ (_n) `q´m≥(kn) _w•m-tZiv (Un) t\∏mƒ

12. emem -e-Pv]Xv dmbn-bpsS acWØn\p]XnIm-c-ambn `KXv knßv Bsc-bmWv h[n-®-Xv?(F) P\-d¬ Ub¿(_n) ssa°¬ H Ub¿(kn) km≥tUgvkv(Un) Igvk¨ sshen

s^_p-hcn- 1 e°w _p≈-‰n-\ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-¬ s]mXp-hn-⁄m\ \ne-hmcw hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp tNmZy-t]-∏-dm-Wn-Xv. Hmtcm icn-bp-Ø-c-Øn\pw Hcp am¿°v. sX‰nbm¬ 0.33 s\K-‰ohvam¿°v.48 am¿°v apX¬ 50 hsc Excellent, 43- 47 Very Good, 36- 42- Good, 26˛35˛ Average. 25 -am¿°n\p Xmsg-bm-sW-¶n¬ IqSp-X¬ a\- n-cpØnbpw Bh¿Øn®pap≈ hmb\ A\n-hm-cyw.

Test Your GK13. C-¥-y≥ `c-W-L-S-\-bnse auen-Im-h-

Im-i-ß-fpsS FÆw:(F) 7 (_n) 6(kn 11 (Un) 10

14. hmevaoIn ssSK¿ dnk¿hv GXvkwÿm-\-Øm-Wv?(F) _olm¿ (_n) Pm¿JWvUv(kn) OØo-kvKVv (Un) a[-y-]-tZiv

15. GXv ]mb-]-cn-[n-bn-ep≈ Ipń-Iƒ°vamXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ hnZ-ym- -ymkw \¬I-W-sa-∂mWv auenI Npa-X-e-I-fn¬\njvI¿jn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv?(F) 6˛14 (_n) 7˛14(kn) 5˛12 (Un) 5˛13

16. BZ-ysØ \mev Ata-cn-°≥ ]kn-U‚p-am-cpsS Iaw kqNn-∏n-°p∂XvXnc-s™-Sp-°p-I.1. tXmakv sPt^-gvk¨2. tPm¿Pv hmjn-MvS¨3. sPbnwkv amUn-k¨4. tPm¨ BZwkv(F) 2, 1, 4, 3 (_n) 2, 4, 1, 3(kn) 2, 3, 4, 1 (Un) 2, 4, 3, 1

17. sse_o-cn-b-bpsS Xe-ÿm\w:(F) A_pP (_n) AUnkv A_m_(kn) a¨tdm-hnb (Un) s\bvtdm_n

18. aT-Øn¬ hmkp-tZ-h≥ GXv t]cn-emWvtIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI cwKØv]kn-≤-\mbXv?(F) sIm´m-c-Øn¬ i¶pÆn(_n) Aø-t\Øv(kn) sNdp-ImSv (Un) Fw.-hn.-tZ-h≥

19. tUm. hmƒ´¨ enen-sl-bn-bpsS t]cvF¥p-ambn _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.(F) BZ-ysØ hr°am‰ ikvX-Inb(_n) BZ-ysØ lrZ-b-am‰ ikvX-Inb(kn) BZ-ysØ Hm∏¨ lm¿ v k¿Pdn(Un) BZ-ysØ t\X-am‰ ikvX-Inb

20. ]pcm-X\ Kokn-se tlma¿ cNn® Cen-b-Un-t\mSv kmZr-iyw ]pe¿Øp∂C¥y≥ IrXn(F) A¿Y-imkvXw (_n) alm- m-cXw(kn) cmam-bWw (Un) `K-h-XvKoX

21 GI-in-em-\-Kcw F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv:(F) sk°¥-cm-_mZv (_n) JΩw(kn) Icnw-\-K¿ (Un) hmd-ß¬

22. Hm∏-td-j≥ t]mtfmbv°v t\Xr-Xzw\¬In-bXv:(F) an¿ Dkvam≥ Aen(_n) Pb¥v \mYv Nu[cn(kn) sP.-F-kv.-A-tdmd(Un) F.-F-kv.-ssh-Zy

23 \mKv∏q¿ tIm¨Kkv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬\n -l-I-cW ]ÿm\w kw_-‘n-®-][m\ ]tabw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xm-Wv?(F) alm-flm-Km‘n(_n) kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nmcn(kn) kn hnPb-cm-L-hm-Nmcy¿-(Un) kn.-B¿.-Zmkv

24. GXv h¿j-amWv \tc-µ aWvUewÿm]n-°-s∏-´Xv?(F) 1920 (_n) 1921(kn) 1922 (Un) 1923

25. G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ tcJmwi tcJ-IƒIS∂p t]mIp∂ `qJWvUw:(F) B^n° (_n) bqtdm∏v(kn) Gjy (Un) A‚m¿ń°

26. _“-X-X-Øz \n¿`mkw cNn-®Xv:(F) io\m-cm-bW Kpcp(_n) ssX°mSv Aø(kn) N´ºn kzm-an-Iƒ(Un) Be-Øq¿ inh-tbmKn

27. C¥-y≥ thym-a-tk-\-bpsS ]tX-yIIam≥tUm hn`mKw:(F) kqc-y-Inc¨ (_n) a¿t°mkv(kn) KcpUv (Un) ªm°v Iym‰vkv

28. GXp-h¿j-amWv Nmƒkv H∂ma≥sIm√-s∏-´Xv?(F) 1649 (_n) 1659(kn) 1669 (Un) 1679

29. apKƒ IeØv Zmc-bpsS kz-Im-cy nj-z-Kc-\mbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn® ^©vk©mcn:(F) s_¿Wn-b¿ (_n) Sth-Wn-b¿(kn) AX-t\-j-ykv \n‡n≥(Un) \nt°mtfm tIm≠n

30. InÃ¬ Ahm¿Uv \¬Ip-∂Xv:(F) thƒUv C°-tWm-anIv t^mdw(_n) sF.-Fw.-F^v (kn) temI-_m¶v(Un) bqtdm-]-y≥ bqWn-b≥

31. BcpsS £Wn-°-s∏-SmØ AXn-Yn-bm-bn-´mWv lpa-bq¨ 15 h¿jw Ign-®p-Iq-ń-bXv?-(F)- aw-tKmƒ NI-h¿Øn(_n) t]¿j-y≥ NI-h¿Øn(kn) Xp¿°n kp¬Øm≥(Un) Ch-cm-cp-a√

32. B\-µm-Z¿i ]≤-zw-k\w BcpsS cN-\-bm-Wv?(F) _“m-\µ inh-tbmKn(_n) hmKv`-Sm-\-µ≥(kn) io\m-cm-bW Kpcp(Un]WvUn‰v Idp-∏≥

33. C¥-y≥ IWn-Im-kn-≤m¥w F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Z¿i\w:(F) ]q¿h-ao-amwk(_n) sshti-jnI(kn) kmwJy (Un) tbmK

34. Hm¿°n-Up-I-fpsS dmWn F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv:(F) ac-hmg (_n) Im‰ven\(kn) hmtdm-I-zn-bm\w(Un) Ch-sbm-∂p-a√

35. GXp-h¿jw \S∂ Hfn-ºn-Ivkn-emWvt\m¿a≥ ]n‰vNm¿Uv C¥-y°v BZyHfn-ºnIv saU¬ t\Sn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xv?(F) 1896 (_n0 1904(kn) 1900 (Un) 1908

36. P\-KWa\ Cw•o-jn-te°v ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv:(F) Ac-hn-µ-tLmjv(_n) kp_-a-W-y-`m-cXn(kn) _¶nw-N-µ-Nm-‰¿Pn(Un) cho-µ-\mY SmtKm¿

37. Ko≥e≥Un\pw sFkve≥Un\pw CS-bn-ep≈ IS-en-Sp°v:(F) sU∑m¿°v IS-en-Sp°v(_n) tUIv ]mtkPv(kn) tUhnUv IS-en-Sp°v(Un) Pn_mƒ´¿

38. C¥-y≥ dn∏-ªnIv Zn\ ]tc-Un¬ ]s¶-SpØ BZy hntZi tk\ GXv cmP-y-Øn-t‚-Xm-Wv?(F) ^m≥kv (_n) _n´¨(kn) bp.-F-kv.F (Un) Im\U

39. GXv ÿm]-\-amWv lyq-a¨ Uh-e-

]vsa‚ v C≥UIvkv ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv?(F) bpssW-‰Uv t\j≥kv sUh-e-]vs-a‚ v t]mKmw(_n) thƒUv F°-tWm-anIv t^mdw(kn) temI _m¶v(Un) bps\kvtIm

40. sI. -B¿. -\m -cm -b -W≥ \mj-W¬C≥Ãn-‰-yq´v Hm^v hnj-z¬ kb≥kvFhn-sS-bm-Wv?(F) H‰-∏mew (_n) Dg-hq¿(kn) ]pXp-∏≈n(Un) Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw

41. C¥-y-bnse BZ-ysØ Hm¿Km-\nIvkwÿm\w:(F) tIcfw (_n) Xan-gv\mSv(kn) lnam-N¬ ]tZiv (Un) kn°nw

42. C¥-y≥ _ln-cm-Imi imkvX-Øns‚]nXmhv:(F) F.-]n.-s-P. A_vZpƒ Iemw(_n) tlman Plmw-Ko¿ `m`(kn) hnIw kmcm-`mbv(Un) cmP-cm-aÆ

43. \mj-W¬ Ko≥ ssS_-yq-W-ens‚Z£n-tW-¥-y≥ _©v Fhn-sS-bm-Wv?(F) Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw (_n) ssNs∂(kn) _mw•q¿(Un) sslZ-cm-_mZv

44. tKmƒU≥ t•m_v Ahm¿Uv GXvtaJ-e-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.(F) kmln-Xyw (_n) imkvXw(kn) kn\na (Un) kvt]m¿Svkv

45. Aeq-an-\n-b-Øns‚ AWp-kw-Jy:(F) 13 (_n) 14(kn) 15 (Un) 16

46. icoc Xm]-\ne Ipd-bv°p-hm≥ th≠nIgn-°p∂ Huj-[-ßƒ:(F) B‚n sImbm-Kp-e‚p-Iƒ(_n) tam¿U‚p-Iƒ(kn) B‚n ss]d-‰nIvkv(Un) B‚n-_-tbm-ńIvkv

47. tπKv tcmKsØ AXn-Po-hn-®-Xns‚kvac-Wbv°v \n¿an-°-s∏´ C¥-y≥kvamc-Iw:(F) XmPva-l¬ (_n) C¥-ym-tK‰v(kn) tK‰vth Hm^v C¥y(Un) Nm¿an-\m¿

48. am¿ń≥ eqX¿ Inßns\ h[n-®Xv:(F) sPbnwkv Gƒtd(_n) tPm¨ hn¬Ivkv _qØv(kn) eolm¿hn HmkvhmƒUv(Un) Ch-cm-cp-a√

49. FX-h¿j-Øn-sem-cn-°-emWv A¿[-Ipw-`-taf \S-°p-∂Xv?(F) 12 (_n) 6(kn) 4 (Un) 3

50. Bgvsk-\n-°ns‚ km∂n-[yw \n¿W-bn-°m≥ \S-Øp∂ sSÃv:(F) am¿jv sSÃv(_n) s_\-UnIvSv sSÃv(kn) hmj¿am≥ sSÃv(Un) en‰vakv sSÃv

Answer1(c) 2(c) 3(d) 4(d) 5(b) 6(c) 7(b) 8(d) 9(c) 10(b)11(b) 12(c) 13(b) 14(a) 15(a) 16(b) 17(c) 18(d)19(c) 20(c) 21(d) 22(b) 23(d) 24(b) 25(d) 26(c)27(c) 28(a) 29(a) 30(a) 31(b) 32(b) 33(b) 34(b)35(c) 36(d) 37(a) 38(a) 39(a) 40(c) 41(d) 42(c)43(b) 44(c) 45(a) 46(c) 47(d) 48(a) 49(b) 50(a)

8 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

QUESTION BAGInternational Awards

1. Wolf Prize is given by:(a) USA (b) Israel(c) Japan (d) Britain

2. Wolf Prize was given for the first time in:(a) 1978 (b) 1988(c) 1990 (d) 1970

3. Wolf Prize is awarded in six fields:Agriculture, Chemistry, Mathematics,Medicine, Physics, and .....(a) Peace (b) Arts(c) Economics (d) Literature

4. Wolf Prize in Arts rotates annually betweenarchitecture, music, painting and .....(a) Sculpture (b) Cinema(c) Drama (d) Acting

5. Until the establishment of the ......, theWolf Prize was probably the closestequivalent of a “Nobel Prize in Mathemat-ics”, since the more prestigious FieldsMedal was only awarded every 4 years tomathematicians under 40.(a) BAFTA Award (b) Jerusalem Prize(c) Lasker Award (d) Abel Prize

6. Wolf Foundation was founded by Dr.Ricardo Wolf who was born in:(a) Cuba (b) Spain(c) Germany (d) France

7. The Albert Lasker Medical ResearchAwards have been awarded annuallysince 1946 to living persons who havemade major contributions to .......(a) Medical science (b) Mathematics(c) Literature (d) Cinema

8. What is known as ‘America’s Nobel’?(a) Oscar Award (b) Grammy Award(c) Lasker Award (d) Jerusalem Prize

9. The Award given in International Congressof the International Mathematical Union:(a) Lasker Award (b) Fields Medal(c) Wolf Prize (d) Abel Prize

10. Founded at the behest of Canadianmathematician John Charles Fields, Fieldsmedal was first awarded in:(a) 1916 (b) 1926(c) 1946 (d) 1936

11. Fields Medal has been regularly awardedsince :(a) 1950 (b) 1955(c) 1960 (d) 1965

12. Which is known as the ‘Mathematician’sNobel’?(a) Oscar (b) BAFTA Award(c) Pulitzer Prize (d) Abel Prize

13. Abel Prize was awarded for the first time in:(a) 2000 (b) 2001(c) 2002 (d) 2003

14. In which year Arundhathy Roy got BookerPrize?(a) 1996 (b) 1997(c) 1998 (d) 1999

15. The book of Arundhathy Roy got BookerPrize:(a) The Road ahead (b) The God of Smallthings(c) The Greater Common Good(d) In a Free State

16. Who got Booker of Booker (1983) andBest of Booker Award (2008) for the book‘Midnight’s Children’?(a) Salman Rushdie (b) P.H.Newby

(c) V.S.Naipaul (d) Ben Okri17. Aravind Adiga's debut novel, The White

Tiger, won the Booker Prize in:(a) 2005 (b) 2008(c) 2006 (d) 2007

18. Booker Prizes were started in:(a) 1960 (b) 1962(c) 1964 (d) 1968

19. Booker Prizes are given to authors in ......language:(a) German (b) English(c) French (d) Russian

20. The first to get Booker Prize:(a) Arundathy Roy (b) Salman Rushdie(c) P.H.Newby (d) V.S.Naipaul

21. The first to get two booker prizes:(a) Salman Rushdie (b) Peter Carey(c) Ben Okri (d) JM Coetzee

22. Who got Booker Prize and Nobel LiteraturePrize?(a) VS Naipaul (b) Salman Rushdie(c) JM Coetzee (d) (a) and (c)

23. The first person of Indian orgin to getBooker Prize:(a) Arundathy Roy (b) Kiran Desai(c) V.S.Naipaul (d) Ben Okri

24. The first Indian to get Booker Prize:(a) Kiran Desai (b) Arundathy Roy(c) Salman Rushdie (d) None of these

25. The second Indian to get Booker Prize:(a) Arundathy Roy (b) Kiran Desai(c) Jhumpa Lahiri (d) None of these

Answers1 (b) 2(a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 5(d) 6(c) 7(a) 8(c) 9(b)10(d) 11(a) 12(d) 13(d) 14(b) 15(b) 16(a) 17(b)18(d) 19(b) 20(c) 21(b) 22(d) 23(c) 24(b) 25(b)

World Organisations1. The first Indian to become the chairman of

the Human Rights Committee of UNO:(a) I.K.Gujral (b) Shashi Tarur(c) K.N.Dixit (d) P.N.Bhagavati

2. The year of Cairo Conference organizedby UNO for the empowerment of woman:(a) 1994 (b) 1995(c) 1996 (d) 1997

3. Who is the founder of the World EconomicForum?(a) Frederic Von Hayek (b) Klaus Schwab(c) Joseph Stiglits (d) Alfred Marshall

4. The organization whose stated aim is‘“ensure the ability of the Earth to nurturelife in all its diversity”:(a) Greenpeace (b) WWF(c) WEF (d) UNESCO

5. Greenpeace was founded in:(a) 1951 (b) 1961(c) 1971 (d) 1981

6. The international coordinating body ofGreenpeace is in:(a) Vancouver (b) Geneva(c) London (d) Amsterdam

7. The headquarters of World EconomicForum:(a) Cologny (b) New York(c) Davos (d) Dubai

8. Which organization owns the ship‘Rainbow Warrier’? (a) WMO (b) Red Cross

(c) Amnesty International(d) Greenpeace

9. Name the international non-governmentalorganisation whose stated mission is “toconduct research and generate action toprevent and end grave abuses of humanrights, and to demand justice for thosewhose rights have been violated.”:(a) Greenpeace (b) Red Cross(c) Scouts and Guides (d) AmnestyInternational

10. Sir Julian Huxley was the first DirectorGeneral of:(a) UNICEF (b) UNESCO(c) Amnesty International(d) Interpol

11. The World Bank started functioning on:(a) 1946 June 25 (b) 1946 June 15(c) 1946 June 20 (d) 1946 June 24

12. Which organization has the motto ‘It isbetter to light a candle than to curse thedarkness’?(a) Red Cross (b) Interpol(c) Amnesty International (d) WWF

13. The founder of Rotary International:(a) Melvin Jones (b) Henri Dunant(c) Paul Harris (d) Julian Huxley

14. In which year Rotary International wasfounded?(a) 1905 (b) 1915(c) 1925 (d) 1935

15. The headquarters of Rotary Internationalis Evanston in ____(a) Alabama (b) Wyoming(c) Illinois (d) California

16. “Service above Self” is the best-knownmotto of:(a) Lion’s Club (b) Red Cross(c) Greenpeace (d) RotaryInternational

17. In which year Oxfam was established?(a) 1954 (b) 1942(c) 1924 (d) 1952

18. Where is the headquarters of Oxfam?(a) Oxford (b) Evanston(c) London (d) Geneva

19. World Wide Fund for Nature was startedfunctioning in:(a) 1951 (b) 1955(c) 1961 (d) 1971

20. The logo of World Wide Fund for Nature:(a) Tiger (b) Lion(c) Dove (d) Panda

21. Which organization has its headquarters inGland, Switzerland?:(a) Oxfam (b) Greenpeace(c)WWF (d) AmnestyInternational

22. Where is the headquarters of InternationalOrganisation of Standardisation (ISO)?(a) London (b) Geneva(c) Paris (d) New York

23. In which year Organisation ofStandardisation was established?(a)1947 (b) 1948(c) 1949 (d) 1950

24. The International Air Transport Association(IATA) was established in:(a) 1944 (b) 1946(c) 1947 (d) 1945

25. Where is the headquarters of the

International Air Transport Association(IATA)?(a) Ottawa (b) Geneva(c) Montreal (d) London

Answers1 (d) 2(a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 5(c) 6(d) 7(a) 8(d) 9(d)10(b) 11(a) 12(c) 13(c) 14(a) 15(c) 16(d) 17(b)18(a) 19(c) 20(d) 21(c) 22(b) 23(a) 24(d) 25(c)

Sports1. The ancient Olympics was held for the first

time in..... BC(a) 394 (b) 776(c) 580 (d) 594

2. Who is regarded as the father of modernOlympics?(a) Pierre de Coubertin(b) Father Didon(c) Theodosius (d) None of these

3. Theodosius banned ancient Olympics inthe year:(a) BC 394 (b) BC 400(c) AD 394 (d) Ad 776

4. The headquarters of the InternationalOlympic Committee:(a) London (b) Dubai(c) New York (d) Laussanne

5. The first modern Olympics was held in:(a) 1900 (b) 1896(c) 1904 (d) 1894

6. The venue of the first modern Olympics:(a) London (b) Paris(c) Athens (d) Berlin

7. The time gap between two successiveOlympics is ....... years:(a) 5 (b) 6(c) 3 (d) 4

8. The motto of Olympics:(a) Stuggle is better than triumph

(b) Ever onward(c) Citius, Altius, Fortius(d) None of these

9. Number of rings in the Olympic emblem:(a) 5 (b) 6(c) 4 (d) 7

10. Which is not correctly matched?(a) Blue ring- Europe(b) Yellow ring- Asia(c)Green ring- America(d) Black ring- Africa

11. The red ring in the Olympic emblemrepresents:(a) America (b) Oceania(c) Europe (d) Asia

12. Who designed Olympic flag?(a) Father Diddon (b) Pierrre Coubertin(c) General Smuts (d) None of these

13. The first Olympic Games in which Olympicflag was h oisted:(a) 1912 (b) 1920(c) 1924 (d) 1928

14. Who composed Olympic motto?(a) Father Diddon (b) Pierrre Coubertin(c) Dimitrius Vikelas (d) None of these

15. The nationality of Pierrre Coubertin:(a)Greece (b) France(c) Belgium (d) Sweden

16. Who was the first president of theInternational Olympic Committee:(a) Dimitrius Vikelas (b) Pierrre Coubertin

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 9

(c) Sigfrid Edstrom (d) Father Diddon17. The Olympic flame was lit for the first time

in:(a) 1928 (b) 1932(c) 1936 (d) 1948

18. Which symbolises the continuity betweenancient Olympics and modern Olympics?(a) Olympic motto (b) Olympic emblem(c) Olympic torch (d) Olympic mascot

19. The practice of torch relay from Olympiato the venue was introduced in:(a) 1928 (b) 1932(c) 1936 (d) 1924

20. The word ‘Fortius’ means:(a) Swifter (b) Higher(c) Stronger (d) None of these

21. The Olympic mascot was introduced in:(a) 1956 (b) 1960(c) 1968 (d) 1972

22. The Olympic Order was introduced in:(a) 1975 (b) 1973(c) 1972 (d) 1971

23. The Olympic Cup was introduced in:(a) 1906 (b) 1908(c) 1910 (d) 1912

24. Winter Olympics was held for the first timein:(a) 1920 (b) 1924(c) 1928 (d) 1932

25. The venue of the first Winter Olympics:(a) Chamonix (b) St.Mortiz(c) St.Placid (d) Oslo

Answers1 (b) 2(a) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5(b) 6(c) 7(d) 8(c) 9(a)10(c) 11(a) 12(b) 13(b) 14(a) 15(b) 16(a) 17(a)18(c) 19(c) 20(c) 21(d) 22(a) 23(a) 24(b) 25(a)

Father of the Nation1. Antonio Agostinho Neto led the freedom

movement in:(a) Cyprus (b) Angola(c) Cuba (d) Ghana

2. Who led the liberation movement inBangladesh?(a) Sheikh Mujibur Rehman(b) Sulficker Ali Bhutto(c) Liaqat Ali Khan (d) None of these

3. Who proclaimed the People’s Republic ofChina in 1949?(a) Sun Yat Sen (b) Chiang Kaishek(c) Mao Zedong (d) Deng Xio Ping

4. In which year Fidel Castro overthrew theregime of Fulgencio Batista and becamethe head of Cuban government?(a) 1956 (b) 1957(c) 1958 (d) 1959

5. Archbishop Macarios III led the nationalmovement in:(a) Cyprus (b) Ghana(c) Kenya (d) Tanzania

6. Charles de Gaulle related to the liberationmovement in:(a) Tanzania (b) France(c) Kenya (d) Ghana

7. Who was the leader of liberationmovement in Ghana?(a) Jomo Kenyatta (b) Julius Nyerere(c) Kwame Nkrumah(d) Nelson Mandela

8. Ahmed Sukarno led the nationalmovement in:(a) Philippines (b) Indonesia(c) Italy (d) Cyprus

9. Guiseppe Garibaldi related to the nationalmovement in:(a) Germany (b) France

(c) Italy (d) Spain10. Jomo Kenyatta led the national

movement in:(a) Libya (b) Kenya(c) Tanzania (d) Ghana

11. Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for .....years.(a) 27 (b) 30(c) 33 (d) 34

12. Who liberated the countries of SouthAmerica from the Spanish yoke?(a) Simon Boliver(b) George Washington(c) Abraham Lincoln (d) Fidel Castro

13. Saheer Shah is the father of the Nation of:(a) Pakistan (b) Russia(c) Afghanistan (d) China

14. Who led the Bolshevic Revolution (1917)in Russia?(a) Kerensky (b) Karl Marx(c) Vladimir Lenin (d) Stallin

15. The leader of Tanzania’s independence?(a) Dr.Julius Nyerere (b) Patrice Lumumba(c) Kenneth Kounda (d) None of these

16. Who was known as the ‘father of theTurks’?(a) Kemal Ataturk (b) Marshall Tito(c) Yaser Arafat (d) None ofthese

17. In which year George Washington,becameits first president of USA ?(a) 1773 (b) 1776(c) 1789 (d) 1799

18. Joscip Broz Tito is related to the freedommovement of:(a) Greece (b) Turkey(c) Yugoslavia (d) None of these

19. The father of the nation of USA:(a) Abraham Lincoln(b) George Washington(c) Thomas Jefferson(d) Benjamin Franklin

20. Patrice Lumumba fought for the freedom of:(a) Zambia (b) Tanzania(c) Kenya (d) Congo (Zaire)

21. Who was called ‘African Gandhi’?(a) Kenneth Kounda (b) Nelson Mandela(c) Julius Nyerere (d) Patrice Lumumba

22. D.S.Senanayake is the father of nation of:(a) Indonesia (b) Sri Lanka(c) Philippines (d) Myanmar

23. Ibrahim Rugova who is known as ‘BalkanGandhi’, fought for the freedom of:(a) East Timor (b) Kosovo(c) Macedonia (d) Montenegro

24. Ho Chi Minh is the father of nation of:(a) Philippines (b) East Timor(c) Malaysia (d) Vietnam

25. Who was known as ‘George Washington’of South America?(a) Simon Boliver (b) Che Guera(c) Fidel Castro (d) None of these

Answers1 (b) 2(a) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5(a) 6(b) 7(c) 8(b) 9(c) 10(b)11(a) 12(a) 13(c) 14(c) 15(a) 16(a) 17(c) 18(c)19(b) 20(d) 21(a) 22(b) 23(b) 24(d) 25(a)

Art and Literature1. The author of the first novel in the world

‘The Tale of Genji’ is Shikibu Murasaki.She belonged to: (a) Japan (b) China(c) Mexico (d) USA

2. The nationality of Petrarch, the father of

Renaissance: (a) Germany (b) Italy

(c) France (d) Spain3. To which ideology the French author Jean

Paul Sartre is related? (a) Existentialism (b) Nihilism

(c) Realism (d) Communism4. Sancho Panza is a charector in: (a) Decameroon (b) Don Quixote

(c) Utopia (d) Jungle Book5. Santiago is a charactor in: (a) Dr.Zhivago (b) The Wasteland

(c) The Old Man and the Sea(d) Tin Drum

6. Who wrote ‘Silent Spring’ which depictsthe importance of environment protection?

(a) Rachael Carzon (b) Emile Zola(c) Thomas Hardy (d) Leo Tolstoy

7. The Jewish girl under persecution of Hitlerand whose diary became world famous:

(a) Ann Mary (b) Ann Franc(c) Virginia Wolf (d) Emile Bronte

8. The novel written by Ernest Hemmingwayin the background of Spanish Civil War:

(a) For whom the bells toll (b) The Old manand the Sea (c) Mother(d) Emma

9. The Indian author who created thefictional place ‘Malgudi’:

(a) Nirad C Chaudhary (b) Raja Rao(c) RK Narayan (d) RK Laxman

10. Which revolution is the background of thenovel ‘A Tale of Two Cities”?

(a) American (b) Russian(c) Chinese (d) French

11. What is the background of ‘War andPeace’ by Napoleon?

(a) Russian invasion of Napoleon(b) First World War(c) Second World War(d) Waterloo

12. Which war is depicted in the Greek epic‘Iliad’?

(a) Crimean War (b) Punic War(c) Trojan War (d) Hundred YearsWar

13. The land of dwarf in the novel ‘Gulliver’sTravel’ by Jonathan Swift:

(a) Lilliput (b) Bromdingnag(c) Utopia (d) Dystopia

14. The American poet who called FlorenceNightingale as ‘Lady with Lamp’?

(a) Sinclair Lewis (b) WashingtonIrwing (c) H.W. Longfellow(d) None of these

15. The most frequently used word byShakespeare:

(a) And (b) With(c) Of (d) The

16. Who envisaged an ideal state namedUtopia through his writings?

(a) Rudyard Kipling (b) Jonathan Swift(c) Thomas More (d) Charles Dickens

17. In which novel Sherlock Holmesappearing for the first time?

(a) A Study in Scarlet (b) Cassino Royal(c) Dr.No (d) The Valley of Fear

18. Who is known as the ‘Wizard of theNorth’?

(a) Rudyard Kipling (b) Thomas Hardy(c) Walter Scott (d) TS Eliot

19. In which book ‘Sher Khan’ is a character? (a) Jungle Book (b) Kim

(c) Moby Dick (d) Robinson Crusoe20. Who wrote ‘Mother India’? (a) Sarojini Naidu (b) Catherine Mayo

(c) Mother Theresa (d) V.D.Savarkar

21. The novel which bagged GyanpeethAward for Tharasankar Bannerjee?(a) Yayati (b) Ganadevatha(c) Arogyanikethan (d) Jeevan Masai

22. The first advertisement telecast on TV was:(a) Watch (b) Pen(c) Car (d) Radio

23. The author of ‘An Area of Darkness’:(a) Mark Twain (b) Rudyard Kipling(c) J.K.Rowling (d) V.S.Naipaul

24. The first woman poet laureate of Britain:(a) Elizabeth Jennings(b) Carol Ann Duffy(c) Kathlene Raine (d) Alice Oswald

25. ‘Bhagavat Gita’ is a part of:(a) Ramayana (b) Sakuntalam(c) Mahabharat (d) Kathasaritsagar

Answers1 (a) 2(b) 3 (a) 4 (b) 5(c) 6(a) 7(b) 8(a) 9(c) 10(d)11(a) 12(c) 13(a) 14(c) 15(d) 16(c) 17(a) 18(c)19(a) 20(b) 21(b) 22(a) 23(d) 24(b) 25c)

Physics1. The phenomenon of splitting of light into

its constituents:(a) Diffraction (b) Interference(c) Refraction (d) Disperson

2. Which light has the longest wavelength?(a) Violet (b) Green(c) Blue (d) Red

3. Which light has the shortest wavelength?(a) Blue (b) Violet(c) Red (d) Yellow

4. The surface that absorbs all the colours inthe spectrum will be seen as:(a) White (b) Black(c) Violet (d) Red

5. The surface that reflects all the colours inthe spectrum will be seen as:(a) Red (b) Yellow(c) White (d) Black

6. What is the colour of light used inautomobiles during snow fall?(a) Red (b) Green(c) Blue (d) Yellow

7. A red flower in blue light will be seen as:(a) Black (b) Red(c) Blue (d) Violet

8. The speed of light is ...... km/s(a) 3 million (b) 3 lakh(c) 3 crore (d) 30 million

9. In the equation, E=MC2, ‘C’ stands for:(a) Velocity of sound(b) Acceleration due to gravity(c) Velocity of light (d) Refractive index

10. Particles faster than light:(a) Tachyons (b) Photons(c) Neutrons (d) Protons

11. Speed of light is ...... maximum in:(a) Vacuum (b) Water(c) Steel (d) Glass

12. Colour of soap bubble is due to:(a) Disperson (b) Interference(c) Diffraction (d) Refraction

13. Change of path of light when it enters fromone medium to another:(a) Interference (b) Disperson(c) Refraction (d) Diffraction

14. Mirage is due to:(a) Refraction (b) Diffraction(c) Disperson (d) None of these

15. Study of light:(a) Accoustics (b) Optics(c) Horology (d) Orology

16. Which one of the following phenomenon

10 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

explaining the phenomenon of rainbow?(a) Diffraction (b) Disperson(c) Reflection (d) Refraction

17. Red+Green gives ...... colour:(a) Yellow (b) Cyan(c) Magenta (d) Violet

18. Blue+Green gives ..... colour.(a) Pink (b) Maganta(c) Cyan (d) Yellow

19. Red+Blue gives ....... colour.(a) Cyan (b) Yellow(c) Magenta (d) Black

20. The colour of Nitrogen vapour lamp:(a) Red (b) Blue(c) Green (d) Yellow

21. The colour of Sodium vapour lamp:(a) Green (b) Yellow(c) Red (d) Blue

22. ..... is the colour of Neon vapour lamp:(a) Red (b) Blue(c) Orange (d) Green

23. ...... vapour lamp has green colour:(a) Nitrogen (b) Sodium(c) Neon (d) Chlorine

24. The colour of Hydrogen vapour lamp:(a) White (b) Blue(c) Yellow (d) Green

25. The colour of Mercury vapour lamp:(a) Blue (b) Orange(c) Red (d) White

Answers1 (d) 2(d) 3 (b) 4 (b) 5(c) 6(d) 7(a) 8(b) 9(c) 10(a)11(a) 12(b) 13(c) 14(a) 15(b) 16(b) 17(a) 18(c)19(c) 20(a) 21(b) 22(c) 23(d) 24(b) 25(d)

Chemistry1. Water has maximum density at .... degree

celcius:(a) 0 (b) 4(c) 25 (d) 100

2. The gas using for filling balloons:(a) Nitrogen (b) Oxygen(c) Helium (d) Argon

3. Beryllium aluminium silicate is known as:(a) Alum (b) Topaz(c) Ruby (d) Emerald

4. The isotope using for radio carbon dating:(a) Carbon-14 (b) Cobalt-60(c) Uranium-238 (d) None of these

5. Which is not correctly matched?(a) Black lead-Graphite (b) Solid CO2-Dryice (c) Nitrous oxide- laughing gas (d)Helium-Chemical sun

6. The best non-metallic conductor of electricity:(a) Silicon (b) Germanium(c) Graphite (d) Boron

7. The first Trans Uranic element:(a) Plutonium (b) Neptunium(c) Einsteinium (d) Fermium

8. Most chemically reactive element?(a) Hydrogen (b) Oxygen(c) Carbon (d) Flourine

9. The colour of sodium vapour lamp:(a) Yellow (b) Blue(c) Violet (d) Red

10. The essential constituent of chlorophyll:(a) Manganese (b) Sodium(c) Potassium (d) Magnisium

11. The first to isolate aluminium from bauxite:(a) Oesterd (b) Wohler(c) Charles Martin Hall(d) Henry Bessemer

12. The main constituent of bone:(a) Calcium carbonate(b) Calcium silicate(c) Calcium phosphate (d) None of these

13. Which is used for the vulcanisation ofrubber:(a) Sulpher (b) Sodium(c) Phospherus (d) Iron

14. The most abundant inert gas:(a) Radon (b) Xenon(c) Krypton (d) Argon

15. Which is known as the ‘metal of future’?(a) Uranium (b) Platinum(c) Tantallum (d) Titanium

16. Pyrolusite is the ore of:(a) Magnisium (b) Iron(c) Copper (d) Manganese

17. Second most abundant metal in the earth’scrust:(a) Silicon (b) Iron(c) Aluminium (d) Gold

18. The purest form of Iron:(a) Rust (b) Pig iron(c) Wrought iron (d) Haematite

19. Which is not a constituent of Alnico?(a) Nickel (b) Cobalt(c) Copper (d) Aluminium

20. Malachite is the ore of:(a) Copper (b) Iron(c) Manganese (d) Aluminium

21. Which is used as a catalyst in hydrogena-tion?(a) Cobalt (b) Nickel(c) Silver (d) Zinc

22. Basic copper carbonate is the chemicalname of:(a) Rust (b) Corrundum(c) Carborandum (d) Verdigris

23. The first metal used used systematically formaking tools:(a) Iron (b) Aluminium(c) Copper (d) Gold

24. Select the correctly matched?1. Ferrum 2. Cuprum 3. Kalium 4. NatriumA.Potassium B. Iron C.Copper D. Sodium(a) 1D 2C 3A 4 B (b) 1B 2A 3C 4 D(c) 1B 2C 3D 4 A (d) 1B 2C 3A 4 D

25. Pentlandite is the ore of:(a) Iron (b) Cobalt(c) Nickel (d) Copper

Answers1 (b) 2(c) 3 (d) 4 (a) 5(d) 6(c) 7(b) 8(d) 9(a) 10(d)11(c) 12(c) 13(a) 14(d) 15(d) 16(d) 17(b) 18(c)19(c) 20(a) 21(b) 22(d) 23(c) 24(d) 25(c)

Botany1. Which of the following plants helps

nitrogen fixation?(a) Beans (b) Wheat(c) Rice (d) Tomoto

2. The term associated with the cultivation ofgrapes:(a) Aviculture (b) Viticulture(c) Floriculture (d) Epiculture

3. Turpentane is obtained from:(a) Teak (b) Ricinus(c) Pinus (d) Bamboo

4. Native place of Lady’s finger:(a) Africa (b) Australia(c) India (d) America

5. The plant associated with biodiesel:(a) Ricinus (b) Jetropha(c) All spice (d) Pinus

6. The native place of the plants Pepper,Ginger, Turmeric and Cardomom:(a) Brazil (b) Mexico(c) India (d) Australia

7. The birth place of Eucaliptus:(a) Australia (b) Brazil(c) Mexico (d) India

8. Oil used in baby soap:(a) Olive (b) Palmoil(c) Neem oil (d) Seasamum oil

9. What is known as ‘Vegetable gold’?(a) Grapes (b) Mango(c) Tomato (d) Saffron

10. Gum arabica is obtained from:(a) Pinus (b) Jetropha(c) Acacia (d) Vanda

11. The most important Khariff crop in India:(a) Wheat (b) Paddy(c) Pea (d) Mustard

12. The most important Rabi crop in India:(a) Paddy (b) Cotton(c) Wheat (d) Millet

13. What is known as ‘Timber of Gods’?(a) Teak (b) Deodar(c) Red wood (d) Palm

14. The first spice used by man:(a) Saffron (b) Pepper(c) Cardomom (d) Cinnamon

15. Which is a holy tree of Hindus, Jains andBuddhists?(a) Deodar (b) Peepal(c) Pinus (d) Palm

16. Which is used to make Christmas tree?(a) Fir (b) Deodar(c) Teak (d) Pinus

17. Quinine is obtained from:(a) Pinus (b) Ricinus(c) Eucalyptus (d) Cinchona

18. Cork is obtained from:(a) Oak (b) Fir(c) Pinus (d) Ricinus

19. The wood of which tree is used for makingCricket Bat?(a) Pinus (b) Willow(c) Oak (d) Fir

20. Which is known as ‘Tree of Peace’?(a) Oak (b) Dates(c) Olive (d) Pinus

21. Pine apple was brought to India by the:(a) Dutch (b) Portuguese(c) French (d) British

22. The fastest growing plant:(a) Eucalyptus (b) Paddy(c) Plantain (d) Cuscuta

23. The medicine ‘Reserpine’ is obtainedfrom:(a) Rauwolfia (b) Vinca(c) Neem (d) Leucas

24. What is known as ‘the Queen of Flowers’?(a) Lily (b) Lotus(c) Rose (d) Jasmine

25. The plant without leaf or root:(a) Cuscuta (b) Pinus(c) Vanda (d) Pandanus

Answers1 (a) 2(b) 3 (c) 4 (a) 5(b) 6(c) 7(a) 8(a) 9(d) 10(c)11(b) 12(c) 13(b) 14(d) 15(b) 16(a) 17(d) 18(a)19(b) 20(c) 21(b) 22(a) 23(a) 24(c) 25(a)

Zoology1. The largest vertebrate:

(a) Lion (b) Elephant(c) Blue Whale (d) Giraffe

2. The largest in the cat family:(a) Tiger (b) Lion(c) Leopard (d) Cheetah

3. The only animal in cat family that is asocial animal:(a) Tiger (b) Cat(c) Leopard (d) Lion

4. The animals lives by eating bambooleaves only:(a) Panda (b) Platypus

(c) Echidna (d) Emu5. The only creatures that have flaps around

their ears.(a) Fish (b) Amphibeans(c) Birds (d) Mammals

6. The first animal to up in space:(a) Cat (b) Monkey(c) Dog (d) Snake

7. Which animal has the most powerful jaw?(a) Hyena (b) Lion(c) Tiger (d) Cheetah

8. The most intelligent aquatic animal:(a) Whale (b) Shark(c) Dolphin (d) Tuna

9. Which mammal makes the loudest sound?(a) Shark (b) Elephant(c) Blue Whale (d) Lion

10. The animal with the highest bloodpressure:(a) Monkey (b) Hippopotamus(c) Elephant (d) Giraffe

11. The animal with the shortest gestationperiod:(a) American Opposum (b) Rat(c) Goat (d) Cat

12. Which animal has nails but no fingers:(a) Lion (b) Elephant(c) Whale (d) Hyena

13. Which animal has the longest neck:(a) Hippo (b) Camel(c) Giraffe (d) Elephant

14. The largest organism in dog family:(a) Jackal (b) Fox(c) Dog (d) Wolf

15. Which organism has red sweat?(a) Giraffe (b) Elephant(c) Hippopotamus (d) Rhinocerus

16. The largest carnivorous animal in the land:(a) Lion (b) Polar bear(c) Tiger (d) Cheetah

17. Which animal give birth to the largestoffspring:(a) Elephant (b) Blue Whale(c) Rhinocerus (d) Camel

18. The mammal that can fold its four legs inthe same direction:(a) Giraffe (b) Camel(c) Elephant (d) Horse

19. The first animal domesticated by man:(a) Horse (b) Cow(c) Dog (d) Cat

20. Which of the following has the highestmemorypower?(a) Monkey (b) Elephant(c) Cat (d) Dog

21. Which animal has the milk with the highestfat content?(a) Cat (b) Cow(c) Rabbit (d) Whale

22. Which is the second largest among theland animals?(a) Polar Bear (b) Rhinocerus(c) Camel (d) Giraffe

23. The largest mammal in the land:(a) Asian Elephant (b) Camel(c) Giraffe (d) African Elephant

24. Which has the largest mouth among thevertibrates in the land?(a) Rhinocerus (b) Hippopotamus(c) Asian Elephant (d) Camel

25. The horn of Rhinocerus is the modification of:(a) Hair (b) Teeth(c) Nose (d) Gum

Answers1 (c) 2(a) 3 (d) 4 (a) 5(d) 6(c) 7(a) 8(c) 9(c) 10(d)11(a) 12(b) 13(c) 14(d) 15(c) 16(b) 17(b) 18(c)19(c) 20(b) 21(c) 22(b) 23(d) 24(b) 25(a)

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 11

Name From To State

Sarojini Naidu 15 August 1947 2 March 1949 Uttar Pradesh

Padmaja Naidu 3 November 1956 31 May 1967 West Bengal

Vijayalakshmi Pandit 28 November 1962 18 October 1964 MaharashtraSharda Mukherjee 5 May 1977 14 August 1978 Andhra Pradesh

Sharda Mukherjee 14 August 1978 5 August 1983 Gujarat

Kumudben Manishankar Joshi 26 November 1985 2 February 1990 Andhra Pradesh

Jyothi Venkatachalam 14 October 1977 27 October 1982 Kerala

Ram Dulari Sinha 23 February 1988 12 February 1990 Kerala

Sarla Grewal 31 March 1989 5 February 1990 Madhya PradeshChandrawati 19 February 1990 18 December 1990 Puducherry

Rajendra Kumari Bajpai 2 May 1995 22 April 1998 Puducherry

Rajani Rai 23 April 1998 29 July 2002 Puducherry

Fathima Beevi 25 January 1997 1 July 2001 Tamil Nadu

Sheila Kaul 17 November 1995 23 April 1996 Himachal Pradesh

V. S. Ramadevi 26 July 1997 1 December 1999 Himachal PradeshV. S. Ramadevi 2 December 1999 20 August 2002 Karnataka

Pratibha Patil 8 November 2004 23 June 2007 Rajasthan

Prabha Rau 19 July 2008 24 January 2010 Himachal Pradesh

Prabha Rau 25 January 2010 26 April 2010 Rajasthan

Margaret Alva 6 August 2009 14 May 2012 Uttarakhand

Kamla Beniwal 27 November 2009 Present GujaratUrmila Singh 25 January 2010 27 January 2015 Himachal Pradesh

Margaret Alva 12 May 2012 7 August 2014 Rajasthan

Sheila Dikshit 11 March 2014 25 August 2014 Kerala

Mridula Sinha 31 August 2014 Incumbent Goa

Draupadi Murmu 18 May 2015 Incumbent Jharkhand

K-h¿-W-dp-sS- hn-h-c-ßƒ- ti-J-cn-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- kw-ÿm-\-Øv- sk-≥k-kn-\p-Xp-S-°w- Ip-dn-°p-∂-Xv.-

K-h¿-W-dm-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-≈- G-‰-hpw- Ip-d-™- ]m-bw- 35 h-b- m-Wv.- ]-kn-U-‚m-Wv- K-h¿-W-sd- \n-b-an-°p-∂-Xv.- kw-ÿm-\- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- No-^v- P-Ãn-kn-\p-ap-ºm-sI-bm-Wv- K-h¿-W¿- k-Xy-]-Xn-⁄-sN-øp-∂-Xv.- kw-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-b-¥-c- ^-≠v- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.-

ssl-t°m-S-Xn- P-Uv-Pn-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈-\ym-bm-[n-]-≥am-sc- \n-b-an-°p-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.-

cm-Pn-h-bv-°-W-sa-∂v- Xo-cp-am-\n-®m¬- K-h¿-W¿- cm-Pn-°-Øv- k-a¿-∏n-t°-≠-Xv-cm-jv-S-]-Xn-°m-Wv.-

kw-ÿm-\- a-¥n-k-`- \n-e-hn-en-√m-Ø-t∏mƒ- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv- \n-b-a-im-k-\w- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv.- K-h¿-W¿- C-√m-Ø-t∏mƒ-B- ÿm-\w- h-ln-°p-∂-Xv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- No-^v- P-Ãn-km-Wv.-

K-h¿-W¿- cm-jv-S-]-Xn-°v- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂-dn-t∏m¿- n-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv- kw-ÿm-\-Øv- cm-jv-S-]-Xn-`-c-Ww- ]-Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xv.-

kw-ÿm-\-Øv- cm-jv-S-]-Xn-`-c-Ww- ]-Jym-]n-®m¬- -c-Ww- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.-

Kh¿W¿

kwÿm-\-sØ- `-c-W-Ø-e-h-\m-Wv- K-h¿-W¿.- kw-ÿm-\-sØ-]-Y-a- ]u-c-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv - A-t±-l-am-Wv. -

kw-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- \n¿-h-l-Wm-[n-Im-cw\n-£n-]v -X-am-bn-cn -°p-∂-Xv - K-h¿-W-dn-em-Wv. -kw-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚-

F-Iv-kn-Iyp-´o -hv - sl-Uv- A-t±-l-am-Wv. -

List of female Indian Governors

K-h¿-W-sd- \o-°w-sN-øp-∂-Xv- kw-_-‘n-®v- `-c-W-L-S-\-bn¬- ]-tXy-I- hy-h-ÿ-H-∂pw- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.-

\n-b-a-\m-[n-Im-cn-bm-b- ]-kn-U-‚n-\v- K-h¿-W-sd- Xn-cn-®p-hn-fn-°m-≥ A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠v.-

cm-Pn-h-bv-°m-≥ D-t±-in-°p-∂-]-£w- ap-Jy-a-¥n- cm-Pn-°-Øv- k-a¿-∏n-t°-≠-Xv- K-h¿-W¿-°m-Wv.-

\n-b-a-k-`- hn-fn-®p-tN¿-°p-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.- a-¥n-k- -sb-bpw- \n-b-a-k- -sb-bpw-]n-cn-®p-hn-Sm-≥ A-t±-l-Øn-\v- A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠v.-

A-Uz-t°-‰v- P-\-d¬,- ]n-F-kv-kn- sN-b¿-am-≥,- ]n-F-kv-kn- Aw-K-ßƒ,- a-\p-jym-h-Im-i- I-Ωn-j-≥ sN-b¿-am-≥,- a-\p-jym-h-Im-i- I-Ωn-j-≥ Aw-K-ßƒ,- kw-ÿm-\- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v- I-Ωn-j-W¿,- tÃ-‰v- C-≥^¿-ta-j-≥ I-Ωo-j-W¿- Xp-S-ßn-b- \n-b-a-\-ßƒ- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.-

tS-_nƒ- Hm- v- ]-kn-U-≥kv- ]-Im-cw- kw-ÿm-\-Øv- G-‰-hpw- D-b¿-∂- ]-Z-hn- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.- C-¥y-bn-se- ]-Z-hn-I-fp-sS- ap-≥K-

W-\m- I-a-Øn¬- \m-emw- ÿm-\-Øm-Wv-K-h¿-W¿- (A-[n-Im-c- ]-cn-[n-°p-≈n¬-).-

a-Xn-bm-b- ]m-Xn-\n-[y-ap-d-∏m-°m-≥ \n-b-a-k-`-bn-te-°v- Bw-t•m- C-¥y-≥ Aw-K-ß-sf- \m-a-\n¿-t±-iw- sN-øm-≥ K-h¿-W¿-°v- A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠v.-

kw-ÿm-\-sØ- A-°m-Z-an-I- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-I-fp-sS- Nm-≥k-e-dm-b- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-I-fp-sS- ssh-kv- Nm-≥k-e¿-am-sc- \n-b-an-°p-∂-Xv.-

ap-Jy-a-¥n-bp-sS- D-]-tZ-i-]-Im-cw- a-¥n-am¿-°v- h-Ip-∏p-Iƒ- hn-`-Pn-®p- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.-

kw-ÿm-\- `-c-Ww- kw-_-‘n-®- F-√m-D-Ø-c-hp-I-fpw- K-h¿-W-dp-sS- t]-cn-em-Wv-]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂-Xv.- \n-b-a-k-`- ]m-km-°p-∂- _n-√p-Iƒ- K-h¿-W¿- H-∏n-Sp-∂-tXm-sS-bm-Wv- \n-b-a-am-Ip-∂-Xv.-

\n-b-a-k-`- tN-cm-Ø- k-a-b-ß-fn¬- Hm¿-Un-\-≥kv- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-≥ K-h¿-W¿-°v- A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠v.- \n-b-a-k- - ]m-km-°n-b- _n-√p-Iƒ- B-h-iy-ap-≈-]-£w- cm-jv-

S-]-Xn-bp-sS- A-\p-a-Xn-°m-bn- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.-

K-h¿-W-dp-sS- t]-cn-em-Wv- \n-b-a-k- -bn¬-_-Uv-P-‰v- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.-

a-Wn- _n¬- \n-b-a-k-`-bn¬- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°m-≥ A-\p-a-Xn- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.- \n-b-a-k- -bn¬- \-b-]-Jym-]-\- ]-kw-Kw- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.-

tÃ-‰v- C-≥^¿-ta-j-≥ I-Ωo-j-W-sd- k-kv-s]-≥Uv- sN-øm-≥ K-h¿-W¿-°v- A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠v.- kp-]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bn¬-\n-∂v- d-^-d-≥kv- tX-Sn-b-ti-jw- tÃ-‰v- C-≥^¿-ta-j-≥ I-Ωo-j-W-sd- \o-°w- sN-øm-≥A-[n-Im-c-s∏-´-Xpw- K-h¿-W-dm-Wv.-

Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ-°v- am-∏v- \¬-Ip-hm-\pw- in-£m-hn-[n- \n¿-Øn-h-bv-°p-hm-\pw- C-f-hv-sN-øm-\pw- K-h¿-W¿-°v- A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠v.-

Hm¿-an-°m-≥ k-tcm-Pn-\n- \m-bn-Up-hm-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se-

B-Zy-sØ- h-\n-Xm- K-h¿-W¿.- 1947 ap-X¬- 1949 h-sc- bp.-]n-bn¬- K-h¿-W-dm-b-A-h¿- K-h¿-W¿- ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s°- A-¥-cn-®- B-Zy- t\-Xm-hm-Wv.-

k-tcm-Pn-\n- \m-bn-Up-hn-s‚- a-Iƒ- ]-Zv-a-P- \m-bn-Up-hm-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se- c-≠m-a-sØ- h-\n-Xm- K-h¿-W¿.- A-h¿- ]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn-em-Wv- K-h¿-W-dm-b-Xv.-

hn.-]n.-ta-t\m-\m-Wv- K-h¿-W¿- ]-Z-Øn-se-Øn-b- B-Zy- a-e-bm-fn- (1951).- A-t±-lw- H-do-k-bn-em-Wv- B-Iv-Sn-Mv- K-h¿-W-dm-b-Xv.-

tI-c-f- ap-Jy-a-¥n- ]-Zw- h-ln-®- ti-jw-K-h¿-W-dm-b- hy-‡n-bm-Wv- ]-´w- Xm-Wp-]n-≈.- A-t±-lw- B-Zyw- ]-©m-_n-epw-(1962)- ]n-∂o-Sv- B-‘y-]-tZ-in-epw- K-h¿-W-dm-bn.-

Xn-cp- -sIm-®n- ap-Jy-a-¥n-]-Zw- h-ln-®- ti-jw- a-Zm-kv- K-h¿-W-dm-b- F.-sP.-tPm-¨-]-´w- Xm-Wp-]n-≈-bv-°p-ap-ºp-X-s∂- Cu-]-Z-hn- h-ln-®- a-e-bm-fn-bm-Wv- (1956˛-57).-

K-h¿-W¿- ]-Z-hn-bn-se-Øn-b- B-Zy-sØ-a-e-bm-fn- h-\n-X- P-Ãn-kv- (dn- .-)- Fw.-F-kv.- m-Øn-am- _o-hn-bm-Wv.- X-an-gv-\m- n-em-Wv- (1997 -2001)- A-h¿- K-h¿-W-dm-b-Xv.-

tI-c-f- K-h¿-W-dm-b- a-e-bm-fn-bm-Wv- hn.-hn-iz-\m-Y-≥ (19671973).-

H-cp- dn-´-tb¿-Uv- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn- No-^v-P-kv-‰n-kv- B-Zy-am-bn- K-h¿-W-dm-b- kw-ÿm-\w- tI-c-f-am-Wv- (]n.-k-Zm-in-hw-).-

tI-c-f- kw-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- kp-h¿-W-Pq-_n-en- th-f-bn¬- K-h¿-W-dm-bn-cp-∂-Xv- B¿.-F¬.- m-Sy.-

Kp-P-dm-Øv- K-h¿-W-dm-b- a-e-bm-fn-bm-Wv-sI.-sI.-hn-iz-\m-Y-≥.-

tI-c-f-Øn-s‚- B-Zy-sØ- K-h¿-W¿- _n.-cm-a-Ir-jv-W-dm-hp-hm-bn-cp-∂p.-

tI-c-f-Øn-s‚- B-Zy-sØ- h-\n-Xm- K-h¿-W¿- tPym-Xn- sh-¶n-Sm-N-e-am-Wv.- X-an-gv-\m-Sv- kz-tZ-in-bm-bn-cp-∂p- A-h¿.- tI-c-f-K-h¿-W-dm-b- h-\n-X-I-fm-Wv- cmw- Zp-em-cn-kn-≥l,- jo-em- Zo-£n-Xv- F-∂n-h¿.-

G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬-Im-ew- tI-c-f-Øn¬- K-h¿-W-dm-bn-cp-∂-Xv- hn.-hn-iz-\m-Y-≥.-

]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s°- A-¥-cn-®- tI-c-f- K-h¿-W¿-am-cm-Wv- kn-°-µ¿- `-‡pw- Fw.-H.-F-®v.-^-dq-Jpw.-

G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sn-b- ]m-b-Øn¬- tI-c-f- K-h¿-W-dm-b-Xv- kn-°-µ¿- `-‡m-Wv- (83).-

Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- h-\n-Xm-K-h¿-W-dm-Wv- im-c-Zm- ap-J¿-Pn.- B-‘m-]-tZ-in¬- 1977˛-78 Im-e-b-f-hn¬- K-h¿-W-dm-bn.-

Indian Polity

12 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

]tXyIXIƒ* C¥y-bp-sS- G-‰-hpw- sX-t°-b-‰-sØ- kw-

ÿm-\w- (F-∂m¬- G-‰-hpw- sX-t°-b-‰-Øp-≈- X-e-ÿm-\w- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-am-Wv-)-

*- -G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- ta-P¿- Xp-d-ap-J-ß-fp-≈- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w- (sN-ss∂,- Xq-Øp-°p-Sn,- F-Æq¿-)-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- \-K-c-ß-fp-≈- kw-ÿm-\w-

*- -\-thm-Z-b- hn-Zym-e-b-ß-fn-√m-Ø- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w.-

*- -tem-I-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Ko-≥ se-Pn-t…-®¿- _n¬-Unw-Kv- (]-cn-ÿn-Xn- ku-lr-Z- A-kw-ªn- a-µn-cw-)- ÿm-]n-®- C-¥y-≥kw-ÿm-\w.-

*- -H-cp- cq-]-bv-°v- H-cp- In-tem- A-cn- ]-≤-Xn-\-S-∏m-°n-b- B-Zy- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w.-

*- -s\m-t_¬- k-Ωm-\- tP-Xm-hn-s\- (kn.-hn.- cm-a-≥)- kw- m-h-\- sN-bv-X- B-Zy- sX-

t°- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w- (_n- o-jv- C-¥y-bp-sS- `m-K-am-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ- 1930˛¬-).-

*- -hn-h-cm-h-Im-i- \n-b-aw- ]m-km-°n-b- B-Zy-sØ- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w- (1997).-

*- -2003˛¬- H-cp- e-£-tØm-fw- k¿-°m¿- Po-h-\-°m-sc- H-‰-b-Sn-°v- k¿-ho-kn¬-\n-∂v-]n-cn-®p-hn- p-sIm-≠v- D-Ø-c-hn-d-°n-b- kw-ÿm-\w.-

*- -h-S-°p-]-Sn-™m-d-≥ a- -kq-Wn¬-\n-∂v- a-g- e- n-°p-∂- B-Zy- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w.-

*- -]m-Wv-Uy,- tNm-f,- ]-√-h- cm-P-hw-i-ßƒ-`-c-Ww- \-S-Øn-bn-cp-∂- ]-tZ-i-ßƒ- ]-[m-\-am-bpw- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂- k-wÿm-\w.

BZysØXv* C¥y≥- kw-kv-Ym-\Øv- ap-Jy-a¥n-kv-Ym-

\sØØn-b BZy- kn-\n-am- \S≥˛ -Fw-

Xan-gv\mSvNcn-Xw, kwkvIm-cw, cmjvSo-bw, mj F∂n-ßs\ hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn¬ tIc-f-hp-ambn G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ _‘-ap≈ Ab¬ kwÿm-\-amWv Xan-gv\m-Sv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ B kwÿm-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ tNmZy-ßƒ tIc-f-Ønse ]co-£-I-fnepw kPoh km∂n-[y-am-Wv. Xan-gv\m-Sns\ kw_-‘n®hnh-c-ßƒ ChnsS \ap°v ka-K-ambn ]Tn-°mw. C¥y-bnse hnhn[ dnIq- vsa‚v GP≥kn-I-fpsStNmZy-t]-∏-dp-Iƒ hni-I-e\w sNbvXmWv CXv Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

B¿kn kptc-jvIpam¿ [email protected]

C¥y≥ kwÿm-\-ßƒ

Pn- cm-aNµ≥-* C-¥y-bn¬- ap-Jy-a-¥n-ÿm-\-sØ-Øn-b-

B-Zy- kn-\n-am-\Sn˛ Pm\IocmaNµ≥* ti-jv-T- `m-jm- ]-Z-hn- e-`n-®- B-Zy- C-

¥y-≥ `-mj˛ Xangv (c≠m-a-sØ-Xv- kw-kv-Ir-Xw-)-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- tIm¿-∏-td-‰v- ta-J-e-bp-sS- k-l-I-c-W-tØm-sS- \n¿-an-®- B-Zy- ta-P¿-Xp-d-ap-J-w˛ FÆq¿

* Z£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- B-[p-\n-I- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bm-b- a-Zm-kv- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- (1857)- B-ÿm-\w- sN-ss∂-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -Pv-Rm-\-]o-Tw- t\-Sn-b- B-Zy- X-an-gv- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-≥˛ ]n.hn.AJnemWvU≥(AJne≥)

* Xangn¬ cmambWw BZyambnXømdm°nbXv˛ Iº¿

* C¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- kn-a-‚ v- ^m-Iv-S-dn- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- \-Kcw˛ sNss∂(1904)-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- I-am-≥tUm- s]m-eo-kv- bq-Wn-‰v- ÿm-]n-®- kw-ÿm\w˛Xangv\mSv

* 1988 P-\-h-cn- 7 ap-X¬- 30 h-sc- X-an-gv-\m-ń¬- ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-b- Pm-\-Io- cm-a-N-µ-\m-Wv- Z-£n-tW-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\-Øv- ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-b- B-Zy- h-\n-X.- Fw.-Pn.- B-dn-s‚- m-cy-bm-b- A-h¿- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚-a-c-W-sØ-Øp-S¿-∂m-Wv- ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-b-Xv.- (tIm-´-bw- Pn-√-bn-se- ssh-°w- kz-

tZ-in-\n-bm-Wv-).-*- -C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\-Øv- kz-¥w- \n-e-bn¬-

hy-‡-am-b- `q-cn-]-£-tØm-sS- A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬-h-∂- B-Zy-sØ- ]m-tZ-in-I- cm-jv-So-b- ]m¿-ń- (1967)˛ Un.Fw.sI. (Zm-hn-U- ap-t∂-‰- I-g-Iw-)-

*- -`m-c-X-c-Xv-\- t\-Sn-b- B-Zy-sØ- kn-\n-a-mXmcw˛ Fw.Pn. cmaNµ≥ (C-t±-lw-io-e-¶-bn-se- Im-≥Un- F-∂- ÿ-e-Øm-Wv- P-\n-®-Xv- .- io-e-¶-≥ A-`-bm¿-Yn- ]-iv-\w- ]-cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬-Im-Wn-®- -c-W-ss\-]p-Wyw- I-W-°n-se-Sp-Øm-Wv- A-t±-l-Øn-\v- `m-c-X-c-Xv-\w- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- _-lp-a-Xn-bm-bn- \¬-In-b-Xv-)-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- km-bm-”-]-Xw˛aZmkv sabn¬ (1868)

* sXt° C¥ybnse BZy sdbn¬thsse≥˛ shbkm¿]m≠n apX¬hemPm tdmUv hsc (1856)

* C¥y-bnse BZysØ tkmfm¿H_vk¿th-‰-dn˛ sImssU-°-\m¬(1901).

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- tem-Iv- A-Zm-e-Øv- 1986˛¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-b-X-v˛ sNss∂

* C¥ybn¬ kwÿm\ \nb-a-k-`-bn¬]Xn-]-£-t\-Xm-hmb BZy h\n-X˛Pb-e-fnX (1989)

* ss_-_nƒ- A-®-Sn-°-s∏-´- B-Zy-sØ- C-¥y-≥ `m-j-bm-Wv- X-an-gv.-

*- -1885˛¬- cq-]w-sIm-≠- C-¥y-≥ \m-j-W¬-tIm- -K-kn-s≥d- k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-\p-th-Zn-

bm-b- B-Zy-sØ- Z-£n-tW-¥y-≥ \-K-c-am-Wv- sN-ss∂.- 1887˛¬- \-S-∂- k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-s‚- A-[y-£-≥ _-Z-dp-±o-≥ X-ø-_v-Pn- B-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-em-Zy-am-bn- F-bv-Uv-kv- dn-t∏m¿-´v-sN-ø-s∏- - \-K-cw- (1986)- sN-ss∂-bm-Wv.-a-Zm-kv- sa-Un-°¬- tIm-tf-Pn-se- ssa-tIm- _-tbm-f-Pn- hn-`m-Kw- s]m-^-k-dm-bn-cp-∂- tUm.-kp-\n-Xn- tkm-f-a-\m-Wv- C-Xv- I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-em-Zy-am-bn- hr-°- am-‰-i-kv-X-In-b- \-S-Øn-b- B-kv-]-Xn-bm-Wv- In-kv-Xy-≥ sa-Un-°¬- tIm-tf-Pv,-sh-√q¿.-

*- -Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy- sd-bn¬-th-tÃ-j-≥ sN-ss∂-bv-°-Sp-Øp-≈- tdm-b-]p-c-am-Wv.- 1856 sa-bv- 28\v- C-Xn-s‚- D-Zv-Lm-S-\w- a-Zm-kv- K-h¿-W¿- lm-cn-kv- ]-`p- \n¿-h-ln-®p.- Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Xo-h-≠n- k¿-ho-kv- tdm-b-]p-cw-(sh-b-km¿-]m-Sn-)- ap-X¬- B¿-t°m-ń-\p-k-ao-]w- h-e-P- tdm-Up- h-sc-bm-bn-cp-∂p-(G-I-tZ-iw- 100 In.-ao.-).- a-Zm-kv- sd-bn¬-th- I-º-\n-bv-°m-bn-cp-∂p- \n¿-am-W-®p-a-X-e.- 1856 Pq-sse- H-∂n-\m-Wv- ]m-X- K-Xm-K-X-Øn-\p- Xp-d-∂p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv.-

*- -Km-≥Uv- am-Ã¿- ]-Z-hn- t\-Sn-b- B-Zy-sØ-C-¥y-°m-c-\m-Wv- hn-iz-\m-Y-≥ B-\-µv-

(1988).- 1969˛¬- a-bn-em-Sp-Xp-d-bn¬- P-\n-®p.-*- -In-an-\¬-t°-kn¬- in-£n-°-s∏-´v- A-

tbm-Ky-bm-b- B-Zy- ap-Jy-a-¥n- P-b-e-fn-X-bm-Wv- (2014).-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- cm-k-h-f- \n¿-am-W-im-e- 1906˛¬- X-an-gv-\m- n-se- dm-Wn-s]-´v- F-∂- ÿ-e-Øv- B-cw-`n-®p.- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- h-≥tXm-Xn-ep-≈- B-Zy-cm-k-h-f- \n¿-am-W-im-e- kn-‘n-bn¬- B-cw-`n-®p-(1951).- ap-ºv- _o-lm-dn-em-bn-cp-∂-kn-‘n- Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®-tXm-sS- B- kw-ÿm-\-Øm-bn.- 2002¬- kn-‘n- h-f-\n¿-am-W-im-e- A-S-®p.-

Xn-cp-h≈p-h¿- ]Xn-a

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 13

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- A-W-s°-´m-Wv-I-cn-Im-e- tNm-f-≥ Im-th-cn-bn¬- \n¿-an-®- I-√-ssW.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- A-∏m-c¬- ]m¿-°v- ÿm-]n-®-Xv- Xn-cp-∏q-cn-em-Wv.-

*- -B-bn-cw- sa-Km-hm-´v- ssh-Zyp-Xn- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-°m-≥ ti-jn-bp-≈- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- B-W-h-\n-e-b-am-Wv- Iq-Sw-Ip-fw.-

*- -t]m-´- \n-b-a-Øn-s‚- ]-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS-C-¥y-bn-em-Zy-am-bn- X-S-hn-em-°-s∏-´-Xv-ssh-t°m- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- ssh.-tKm-]m-e-kzm-an-bm-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\-Øv- ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s°-A-¥-cn-®- B-Zy- ap-Jy-a-¥n- kn.-F-≥.-A-

Æm-Zp-ssc- B-Wv.-*- -C-¥y-bn-sse- B-Zy-sØ- t]m-kv-‰v- Hm- o-

kv- tk-hn-Mv-kv- _m-¶v- F.-Sn.-Fw.-ÿm-]n-®-Xv- sN-ss∂-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -c-≠v- Hm-kv-I¿- t\-Sn-b- B-Zy-sØ- C-¥y-°m-c-≥ F.-B¿.-d-lv-am-\m-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- C-‚¿-\m-j-W¬-Su-¨-jn-∏m-Wv- Hu-tdm-hn-√n.- bp-s\-kv-tIm-bp-sS- k-lm-b-tØm-sS-bm-Wv- ao-c-A¬-^m- - C-Xv- \n¿-an-®-Xv- (1968).- tdm-P¿- Bw-K¿- B-Wv- B¿-°n-sS-Iv-Sv.-

*- -sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- sa-Un-

°¬- tIm-tf-Pm-Wv- a-Zm-kv- sa-Un-°¬-tIm-tf-Pv.- sIm¬-°-Ø- sa-Un-°¬- tIm-tf-Pv- B-cw-`n-®- 1835˛¬-X-s∂-bm-Wv- C-Xpw- Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv.- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw-]-g-°-ap-≈- c-≠m-a-sØ- sa-Un-°¬- tIm-tf-Pm-Wn-Xv.-

*- -H-cp- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\-Øv- Im-em-h-[n-Xn-I-®p-`-cn-®- B-Zy- h-\n-Xm- ap-Jy-a-¥n-P-b-e-fn-X-bm-Wv- (1991˛-96).-

*- -1929˛¬- cq-]-h-Xv-Ir-X-am-b- a-Zm-kv- ]-ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- I-Ωn-j-\m-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se-B-Zy-sØ- s]m-hn-≥jy¬- ]-ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- I-Ωn-j-≥ (_n- n-jv- C-¥y-bn¬- tI-µ- ]-ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- I-Ωn-j-≥ \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv- 1926˛-em-Wv-).-

*- -Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- sS-Ãv- Syq-_v- in-ip- P-\n-®-Xv- sN-ss∂-bn-se- Pn.-Pn.- B-ip-]-Xn-bn-em-Wv.- I-a-em- c-Øn-\w-F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- Ip-™n-s‚- t]-cv.- tUm.-I-a-em- sk¬-h-cm-Pm-Wv- Cu- ssh-Zy-im-kv-X- t\-´-Øn-\v- t\-Xr-Xzw- \¬-In-b-Xv.-tUm-Iv-S-tdm-Sp-≈- B-Z-c-kq-N-I-am-bn- m-Wv-Ip-™n-\v- t]-cn-´-Xv.- ]-i-kv-X- X-an-gv- \-S-\m-bn-cp-∂- P-an-\n- K-tW-i-s‚- a-I-fm-Wv-tUm.-I-a-em- sk¬-h-cm-Pv.-

*- -en-ss·-‰v- sIm-≠v- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Xm-]- ssh-Zyp-Xn-\n-e-b-am-Wv- s\-bv-th-en- (1962).- C-Xn-s‚-\n¿-am-W-Øn¬- k-l-I-cn-®- cm-Pyw- tkm-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-\m-Wv.-

*- -tem-I-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Km-ss\-‰v- t£-X-am-Wv- X-©m-hq-cn-se- _r-l-Zo-iz-c-t£-Xw.-

*- -kp-tJm-bv- hn-am-\-ßƒ-°p-th-≠n- Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn¬- \n¿-an-®- B-Zy-sØ- Xm-h-fw- X-©m-hq-cn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬-\n-∂v- B-Zy-am-bn- sj-h-en-b¿-]p-c-kv-Im-cw- t\-Sn-b- \-S-≥ in-hm-Pn- K-tW-j-\-m-Wv.

kq∏¿te‰ohpIƒ* G‰hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- ]g°ap-≈ Zm-hn-U`m-

j Xan-gv- (G‰-hpw- ]m-bw- Ip-d-™- Zm-hn-U-`m-j- a-e-bm-fw.- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬-t]¿- kw-km-cn-°p-∂- Zm-hn-U-`m-j- sX-

ep-¶v-)-*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- C-S-

\m- -gn- cm-taiz-cw- t£XØnemWv(BsI 3850 A-Sn-).-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- _o-®v- (I-S-∏p-dw-)- sN-ss∂-bn-se- a-do-\m- _o-®m-Wv.- C-hn-sS-bm-Wv- Fw.-Pn.-B-dn-s‚-bpw-A-Æm-Zp-ssc-bp-sS-bpw- k-am-[n-ÿ-ew.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- ]-X-n-a˛ I\ym-Ip-am-cn-bn-se Xn-cp-h≈p-h¿- ]Xn-a (133 A-Sn- A-Y-hm- 40.-5 ao-‰¿.- b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬- ]-Xn-a-bv-°v- 95 A-Sn-D-b-c-hpw- (29 ao.-)- A-Xv- ÿm-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂- ]o-T-Øn-\v- 38 A-Sn- (11.-5 ao.-)- D-b-c-hp-am-Wp-≈-Xv-)-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- sX-t°-b-‰-Øp-≈- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-≥ - I-\ym-Ip-am-cn-

*- -C-¥y-≥ sd-bn¬-th-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- N-cn-hp-Iq-Sn-b- ]-mX˛ ta´p∏mfbw˛ Duń

* C¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- _-tbm-kv-^n-b¿- dn-k-¿hv˛ Kƒ^v Hm^v am∂m¿

* tIm-ssh- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- G-Xv- \-K-c-am-Wv˛ tImbºØq¿ (sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- P-\-kw-Jy-bp-≈- X-e-ÿm-t\-X-c- \-K-c-a-mWv tImbºØq¿)

* sXt° C¥ybnse G‰hpw \ofwIqSnb IS¬∏mew˛ ]m-º-≥ ]m-ew- (A-Æm- -C-µn-cm-Km-‘n- ]m-ew-)-(2.-3 In.-ao.-)-

* C¥ybpsS sabn≥em≥Un¬ G‰hpwsXt°b‰Øp≈ taP¿ XpdapJw˛XqØp°pSn (ta-P¿- Xp-d-ap-J-ß-fn¬-sX-t°-b-‰-tØ-Xv- B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m-dn-se- t]m¿-´v- sª-b¿- B-Wv-).-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- km-[m-c-W- Xp-d-ap-J-ß-fn¬- sX-t°-b-‰-tØ-Xv- Ip-f-®-em-Wv.-

*- -t]-cn-\v- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈- C-¥y-bn-se- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-≥˛- SriVenkatanarasimharajuvariapeta

*- -F-≥.-F-®v- -7 G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Zq-c-Øn¬-I-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂- kw-ÿm-\w- (627 In.-ao.-).-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- ap-\n-kn-∏¬- tIm¿-∏-td-j-\m-Wv- sN-ss∂.- C-Xn-s‚- B-ÿm-\-am-b- dn-∏-¨- _n¬-Unw-Kv- sN-ss∂-bn-se- ssh-‰v- lu-kv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p- (C-¥y-bn-se- X-t±-i-`-c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-sh-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- ssh-tkm-bn-bm-Wv- dn-∏-¨-).- tem-I-Øp-X-s∂- bp-ssW-‰-Uv- Inw-Kv-U-Øn-\p-sh-fn-bn¬- H-cp- tIm-a-¨-sh¬-Øv- cm-jv-S-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- ap-\n-kn-∏¬- tIm¿-∏-td-j-\m-Wn-Xv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-\m-Wv- sN-ss∂.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- ]-tZ-in-I- cm-jv-So-b-I-£n-bm-Wv- Zm-hn-U- ap-t∂-‰- I-g-Iw.- 1916˛¬- P-Ãn-kv- ]m¿-ń- F-∂- t]-cn-em-Wv- A-Xn-s‚- Xp-S-°w.-

*- -sX-t°- C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- D-b-c-Øn-ep-≈- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-\m-Wv- Du-ń-(2210 ao.-).-

*- -X-an-gv-hw-i-P-cm-b- io-e-¶-≥ A-`-bm¿-Yn-Iƒ- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w- X-an-gv-\m-Sm-Wv.-

*- -tem-I-Øn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- ]-s¶-Sp-Ø- i-h-kw-kv-Im-c-®-S-ßv- F-∂- \n-e-bn¬- Kn-∂-kv- _p-°n¬- ÿm-\w- ]n-Sn-®-Xv- kn.-F-≥.-A-Æm-Zp-ssc-bp-sS- i-h-kw-kv-Im-c-®-S-ßm-Wv.- G-I-tZ-iw- H-∂-c-t°m-Sn- B-fp-I-fm-Wv- ]-s¶-Sp-Ø-Xv.-

*- -X -an -gn -se- G-‰ -hpw - ]-g -b- Ir -Xn˛tXm¬°m∏nbw (tXm¬-°m-∏n-bm¿- c-Nn-®p-)-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- t£-X-tImw-]v-f-Iv-km-Wv- Xn-cp-®n-d-∏-≈n-bn-se-io-cw-Kw- t£-Xw.- C-Xv- hn-jv-Wp-hn-\v- k-a¿-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- t£-X-°p-f-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv- Xn-cp-hm-cq¿- io-Xym-K-cm-P-t£-X-Øn-se- I-a-em-e-bw- (25 G-°¿-).-

*- -Xn-cp-hm-cq¿- t£-X-Øn-em-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- t£-X-c-Y-ap-≈-Xv.-io-hn-√n-]p-Øq-cn-te-Xn-\m-Wv- c-≠mw-ÿm-\w.-

]m-º≥- ]m-ew-

Du-ń- sdbn¬-sh kv-t‰j≥-

14 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

*- -G-‰-hpw- Ip-d-®p-Im-ew- A-[n-Im-c-Øn-en-cp-∂- h-\n-Xm- ap-Jy-a-¥n- Pm-\-Io- cm-a-N-µ-\m-Wv.-

*- -sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- I-\m-em-Wv- hn-P-b-hm-U-sb-bpw- X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- hn-ep-]p-cw- Pn-√-sb-bpw- _-‘n-∏n-°p-∂- _-°n-Mv-lmw- I-\m¬.- C-¥y-bn-se- c-≠m-a-sØ- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- I-\m-em-Wn-Xv- (421.-55 In.-ao.-).-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- sX-t°-b-‰-Øp-≈- a-e-\n-c-I-fm-Wv- Im¿-U-aw- ln¬-kv.- sN-t¶m- - Np-cw- Cu- a-e-\n-c-I-fn-em-Wv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- m-K-am-Wv- \o-e-Kn-cn-bn-se- tUm-U-s_-´-(2636 ao.-)- \o-e-Kn-cn- ln¬-kn-se- G-‰-hpw-D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- kp-J-hm-k- tI-µ-hpw- tUm-U-s_-´-bm-Wv.-

*- -B¿-°n-tbm-f-Pn-°¬- k¿-th- Hm-^v- C-¥y- I-s≠-Øn-bn-´p-≈- in-em-en-Jn-X-ßƒ- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- X-an-gv- `m-j-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- ap-\n-kn-∏¬- tIm¿-∏-td-j-≥ sN-ss∂- B-Wv.- c-≠mw- ÿm-\-Øv- a-[p-c.-

*- -io-e-¶-tbm-Sv- G-‰-hpw- A-Sp-Øv- ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂- C-¥y-≥ m-Kw- cm-ta-iz-c-am-Wv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m- n-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- hn-am-\-Øm-h-f-am-Wv- sN-ss∂.- tIm-b-º-Øq-cn-\m-Wv-c-≠mw- ÿm-\w.-

*- -\o-e-Kn-cn-bn¬- Du- n- I-gn-™m¬- G-‰-hpw-h-en-b- ln¬- tÃ-j-≥ Iq-\q¿- B-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- tdm-kv- Km¿-U-≥ B-Wv- Du- n-bn-se- K-h- -sa-‚ v- tdm-kv- Km¿-U-≥.

A]c\maßƒ* \o-e-Kn-cn-bp-sS- dm-Wn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xv˛ DZIaWvUew* t]ƒ kn‰n F∂dnbs∏Sp∂Xv˛

XqØp°pSn (kn-‰n- Hm-^v- t]ƒ-kv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- sX-e-¶m-\-bn-se- ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zv-)-

*- -"-sX-t°- C-¥y-bp-sS- [m-\y-∏p-c-'- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- kv-Y-ew-˛ X©m-hq¿

* Z£nWImin F∂dnbs∏Sp∂Xv˛cmtaizcw (C-hn-Sp-sØ- cm-a-\m-Y-t£-Xw- in-h-\p- k-a¿-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-)-

* "Z£n-tW¥y-bp-sS am-©kv-‰¿'- F∂dn-bs∏Sp-∂ kv-Yew-˛ tIm-bºØq¿

* sNss∂ \KcØns‚ ]gbt]cv˛aZmkv (1996emWv t]cpam‰nbXv)

* FÆq¿- Xp-d-ap-J-sØ-bm-Wv- Im-a-cm-Pv- Xp-d-ap-Jw- F-∂v- ]p-\¿-\m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bv-X-Xv- (2014).-

*- -Zm-hn-U- X-e-ÿm-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- sN-ss∂-bm-Wv.-

*- -Z-£n-tW-¥y-bp-sS- Xp-I¬- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- hm-Wn-b-ºm-Sn-bm-Wv.-

*- -tIm-ssh- F-∂- t]-cn-epw- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- \-K-c-am-Wv- tIm-b-º-Øq¿.-

*- -Hm-t´m-sam-ss_¬- I-º-\n-I-fp-sS- _m-lp-eyw- Im-c-Ww- G-jy-bp-sS- sU-tSm-bn-‰v-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- sN-ss∂-bm-Wv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-Sn-s‚- km-kv-Im-cn-I- X-e-ÿm-\w-F-∂v- a-[p-c-sb- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v.-

*- -tdm-°v- t^m¿-´v- kn-‰n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Xn-cp-®n-d-∏-≈n-bm-Wv.-

*- -t^m¿-´v- kn-‰n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- sh-√q¿.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- l¬-hm- \-K-cw,- sX-t°- C-¥y-bp-sS- Hm-Iv-kv-t^m¿-Uv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Xn-cp-s\¬-th-en-bm-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- tam-t´m¿- kv-t]m¿-Sv-kv- X-e-ÿm-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- tIm-b-º-Øq¿,- tam-t´m¿- dm-en-Iƒ-°p- ]-kn-≤-am-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- Textile valley- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Xn-cp-∏q-cm-Wv.-

*- -"-C-¥y-bp-sS- F-Un-k-¨-'- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Pn.-Un.- \m-bn-Up-hm-Wv- (1893 -1974)- C-¥y-bn-em-Zy-am-bn- C-e-Iv-Sn-Iv- tam-t´m¿- \n¿-an-®-Xv.- tIm-b-º-Øq-cn-em-Wv- A-t±-lw- P-\n-®-Xv.-

*- -"-ap-´- \-K-cw-'- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- \m-a-°¬.-

*- -B-cp-sS- A-]-c-\m-a-am-Wv- I-sse⁄¿˛IcpWm\n[n

* CZb-°-\n - F-∂-dn -b -s∏-Sp -∂-Xv -˛ -PbefnX

* ]psscSvNn Xsseh¿ F∂dnbs∏´Xv˛Fw.Pn. cmaNµ≥

* AÆm ZmhnU apt∂‰ IgIwÿm]n®Xmcv˛ Fw.Pn. cmaNµ≥

* InMv ta°¿ F∂dnbs∏´ Xang vt\Xmhv˛ sI.ImacmPv

* ImX¬a∂≥F∂dnbs∏ńcp∂ Xangv\S≥˛Pan\n KtWi≥

* s]cn-tbm¿- F-∂- A-]-c-\m-a-Øn-e-dn-b-s∏- ncp∂Xv C.hn.cmakzman\mbv°¿

* C¥ybnse \bmK F∂v Nnet∏mƒhntijn∏n°mdp≈ sh≈-®m-´-amWvslmK-\°¬.

* ]`m-X-Øns‚ \Kcw (City of Dawn)F∂dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Hu-tdm-hn-√n-bm-Wv.-X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- hn-√p-]p-cw- Pn-√-bn¬- ]p-Xp-t®-cn-°v- k-ao-]-am-Wv- C-Xv.-

*- -Sm-≥Izn-_m-dn-s‚- ]p-Xn-b- t]-cm-Wv- X-cw-Kw-]m-Sn.-

*- -kq-bn-ssk-Uv- t]m-bn-‚ v- sIm-ssU-°-\m-en-em-Wv.-

*- -B-bn-cw- t£-X-ß-fp-sS- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Im-©o-]p-cw.-

*- -]-S-°-\n¿-am-W-Øn-s‚- tI-µ-am-b- in-h-Im-in-sb- Ip-ń- P-∏m-≥ (an-\n- P-∏m-≥)-F-∂p- hn-ti-jn-∏n-®-Xv- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp-hm-Wv.-

*- -]-≠p-Im-e-Øv- sIm-ßp-\m-Sv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv- tIm-b-º-Øq-cm-Wv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-Sn-s‚- A-cn-°n-Æw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- X-©m-hq-cm-Wv.-

*- -A-øm- ssh-Ip-Wv-T¿- ÿm-]n-®- A-øm-h-gn- F-∂- B-flo-b- ]m-X-bp-sS- P-∑-tZ-iw-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- I-\ym-Ip-am-cn- Pn-√-bm-Wv.-

*- -Z-£n-tW-¥y-bp-sS- I-hm-Sw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- sN-ss∂.-

*- -D-d-ßm-Ø- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- a-[p-c.-

*- -Xn-cp-®n,- Sn-®n,- Sn-®n-\m-t]m-fn- F-∂o- t]-cp-I-fn¬- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Xn-cp-®n-d-∏-≈n-bm-Wv.-

*- -Pyp-h¬- Hm-^v- X-an-gv-\m-Sv- F-∂p- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂- kp-J-hm-k-tI-µ-am-Wv-sb-dp-Im-Sv.-

*- -Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- Nn-dm-]q-©n-sb-∂v-tIm-b-º-Øq¿- Pn-√-bn-se- hm¬-∏m-d- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- tIw-_n-Uv-Pv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Ipw-_-tIm-Ww- BWv.

][m\s∏´ hkvXpXIƒ* tXcq°qØv GXv kwÿm\sØ

\rØcq]amWv˛ Xangv\mSv* aZm-kv- kw-kv-Ym-\Øn-s≥-d t]cv- Xan-gv-

\m-Sv - F∂m-°n-am-‰n-b h¿-jw-˛ 1969(\hw_¿ 22)

* GXp \ZnbpsS XocØmWv a[pc˛sshK (Cu- \-Zn-bn-ep-≠m-b- sh-≈-s∏m-°-Øn-em-Wv- kw-L-Im-e- km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ- H-en-®p-t]m-b-sX-∂v- I-cp-X-s∏-Sp-∂p-)-

*- -C-f-t¶m-h-Sn-I-fp-sS- Nn-e-∏-Xn-Im-c-Øn-se-]-[m-\-I-Ym-]m-X-ß-ƒ˛ tImhe\pwIÆInbpw

* Xan-gv-\m-ń-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- c-≠m-a-sØ `mj˛ sXep¶v

* Xang¿ Xncp\mƒ F∂dnbs∏Sp∂BtLmjw˛ s]m¶¬

* \o-e-Kn-cn-bn¬- Im-Wp-∂- tKm-X-hn`mKw˛tXmU¿

* Ip‰m-ew- sh-≈-®m-´w- G-Xv- kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv˛ Xangv\mSv

* GXp- \-Zn-bp-sS- Xo-c-Øm-Wv- Xn-cp-®n-d-∏-≈n,- Cu-td-mUv \Kcßƒ˛ Imthcn

* X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- \n-b-a-k-`m-a-Wv-U-e-ß-ƒ˛234

* Xangv\mńse ][m\ BtLmjw˛s]m¶¬

* C¥y-bv-°pw- io-e-¶-bv-°p-an-S-bn-ep-≈- I-S-en-Sp-°n-eq-sS- \n¿-an-°p-∂- I-∏¬-Nm-¬˛tkXpkapZw

* alm_en]pcsØ inev]kap®bw\n¿an® hwiw˛ ]√h¿

*- -]√h-hw-iw- ÿm-]n-®-Xv-˛- knw-l-hn-jv-Wp-

* ta-´q¿ - A-W-s°-´v - G-Xp -\-Zn -bn¬-

˛Imthcn (Ãm-≥en- dn-k¿-thm-b¿- ta-´q¿- Um-an-s‚- P-e-kw-`-c-Wn-bm-Wv-).-

*- -Xr-∏-c-∏v- sh-≈-®m- w- G-Xv- kw-ÿm-\-ØmWv Xangv\mSv (tIm-X-bm-dn-em-Wn-Xv-)-

*- -ss]-°-c- t]m-P-Iv-Sv- G-Xp- \-Zn-bn-em-Wvss]°c

* ]n-®-hm-cw- I-≠¬-°m-Sv- G-Xp- kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv˛ Xangv\mSv

* Xncp°pd¬FIvkv]kv HmSp∂Xv˛I\ymIpamcn°pw \nkmap±o\pwat[y

* ]m]\miw kvIow GXv \ZnbnemWv˛Xma]¿Wn (]m-]-\m-iw- _o-®v- tI-c-f-Øn¬- h¿-°-e-bn-em-Wv-)-

*- -sN-¶¬-t]-´v- G-Xv- \-Zn-bp-sS- Xo-c-Øv˛]mem¿

* BcpsS h[amWv Zo]mhenbneqsSBtLmjn°p∂Xv ˛\cImkpc≥(Zo]-ß-fp-sS- D-’-h-am-Wv- Zo-]m-h-en.- \n-d-ß-fp-sS- D-’-hw- tlm-fn-bm-Wv-)-

*- -A-¥-co-£-Øn-se- \yq-Sn-t\m- I-W-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- `q-an-°v- A-Sn-bn¬-h-®v- ]-T-\w-\-S-Øp-hm-\p-≈- ]-≤-Xn- C-¥y-bn¬- \-S-°p-∂-Xv- tX-\n-bn-ep-≈- s]m-ń-∏p-dw- Km-a-Øn-em-Wv.-

*- -Xn-cp-\¬-th-en- ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂-Xv- Xm-a-]¿-Wn- \-Zn-bp-sS- Xo-c-Øm-Wv.- Xn-cp-s\¬-th-en-bpw- ]m-f-bw-tIm-´-bpw- C-c-´- \-K-c-ß-fm-Wv.-

*- -a-Zm-kv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bp-sS- _-©v- a-[p-c-bn¬- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p.-

*- -c-≠mw- tem-I- a-lm-bp-≤-Im-e-Øv- _n-ń-jp-Im-cm-Wv- Xn-cp-®n-d-∏-≈n- hn-am-\-Øm-h-fw- \n¿-an-®-Xv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- ¢m-kn-°¬- \r-Ø-cq-]-am-

Wv- `-c-X-\m-Syw.-*- -th-K-h-Xn- \-Zn-bp-sS- Xo-c-Øm-Wv- Im-©o-

]p-cw.-*- -A-Æm-a-sse- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- B-

ÿm-\w- Nn-Zw-_-c-Øm-Wv.-*- -C-µn-c- Km-‘n- ssh¬-Uv- sse-^v- km-Mv-

Nz-dn- B-≥Uv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- (B-\-a-sse- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hv-)- tIm-b-º-Øq¿-Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -]m-ºm¿,- Nn-∂m¿- F-∂n-h- tN¿-∂v- cq-]w-sIm-≈p-∂- A-a-cm-h-Xn- \-Zn- Im-th-cn-bp-sS- t]m-j-I-\-Zn-b-m-Wv.

][m\ hy‡nIƒ* Nn -e -∏ -Xn -Im -cw - c -Nn -® -X v -˛ -

Cft¶mhSnIƒ* X-©m-hq-cn-se- _r-l-Zo-iz-c-t£-Xw- ]-

Wn- I-gn-∏n-®-Xm--cv cm-Pcm-PtNm-f≥- (cm-P-cm-tP-iz-c- t£-Xw- F-∂pw- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-)-

*- -Un-≠n-K-en-se- Km-\v-[n-Kmw- dq-d¬- C-≥kv-‰n-‰yq-ń-s≥d- kv-Ym-]-I-\m-b- Km-\v--[n-b≥-˛ Pn- cm-aNµ≥-

* I∏temńb Xang≥ F∂dnbs∏´Xvhn.H.NnZw_cw ]n≈ (kz-tZ-in- Ãow-\m-hn-tK-j-≥ I-º-\n- ÿm-]n-®p-)-

*- -"-Hm-Sn-hn-f-bm-Sp- ]m-∏-'- F-∂- tZ-i-`-‡n-

\o-e-Kn-cn-bn-se- tUm-U-s_-´

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 15

Km-\w- c-Nn-®-X-v˛ kp_aWy `mcXn(B\bpsS Nhnt´‰vacn® Ihn)

* aZmkv ]´Ww ÿm]n®Xmc v˛^m≥knkv tU

* ZmhnU apt∂‰ IgIw ÿm]n®Xmcv˛kn.F≥.AÆmZpssc

* Nm-eq-Iy-cm-Pm-hv- ]p-en-tI-in- c-≠m-a-s\-tXm¬-]n-®- ]-√-h- cm-Pmhv˛ \-c-knw-l-h¿-a-≥

* X-angv-\m-ń¬- kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬- \-S-∂- D-∏p- k-Xym-K-l-Øn¬ -]-s¶-Sp -Ø- a-e-bmfn˛Pn.cmaNµ≥

* -X-an-gv-\m-Sv- K-h¿-W-dm-b- a-e-bm-fn- h-\n-X-

- PÃnkv Fw.Fkv.^mØnam_ohn* PvRm\]oTw t\Snb c≠masØ Xangv

kmlnXyImc≥˛ Un.PbIm¥≥* KwssKsIm≠tNmf]pcw \n¿an®Xv˛

cmtPµtNmf≥* sNss∂bnse sNt∏mIv tÃUnbw

BcpsS t]cn¬ Adnbs∏Sp∂p˛Fw.F. NnZw_cw

* cP\oIm¥ns‚ bYm¿Y t]cv ˛inhmPndmhp sKbvIvhmZv (ssÃ¬- a-∂-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-)-

*- -1986˛¬- sN-ss∂-bv-°v- k-ao-]w- I-em-t£-X- ÿm-]n -®-Xv˛ cpIvanWn tZhnAcpWvtU¬

* ssh°w kXymKlØn¬ ]s¶SpØXang v\mńse t\Xmhv˛ C.hn.cmakzman \mbv°¿

* Ip-Sn- A-c-iv- F-∂- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-s‚- ÿm-]-I-\m-Wv- C.-hn.- cm-a-kzm-an- \m-bv-°¿.-

*- -_n-ń-jp-Im-tcm-Sv- G-‰p-ap-ń- ho-c-ar-Xyp-h-cn-®- Xn-cp-s\¬-th-en-bn-se- \m-Sp-hm-gn-bm-Wv- ho-c-]m-Wv-Uy-I-´-s_m-Ω-≥.-

*- -kn.-F-≥.-A-Æm-Zp-ssc-bp-sS- cm-jv-So-b- Kp-cp- s]-cn-tbm¿- B-Wv.

][m\ ÿeßƒ* ]√h≥-am-cp -sS Xekv-Ym-\am-bn-cp -

∂Xpw- ]´p-hy-hkm-bØn-\p- t]cp-tI´Xp-am-b \Kcw-˛ Im-©o-]p-cw-

* ]m-Wv-Uy≥-am-cp-sS Xekv-Ym-\am-bn-cp-∂Xv-˛ a[p-c

* sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-se- kp-J-hm-k- tI-µ-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- D-b-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xv Duń

* In-kv-Xy≥- saUn-°¬- tIm-tfPv- Fhn-sSbm-Wv˛ sh√q¿-

* Z£n-W sdbn¬-shbp-sS Bkv-Ym-\w-˛sNss∂

* aZ¿- sXtckm- h\n-Xm- k¿-hIem-im-ebp -sS Bkv -Ym -\w -˛ sIm -ssU°\m¬-

* CµncmKm‘n h\yPohn kt¶Xw GXpPn√bnemWv˛ tImbºØq¿

* \-S-cm-P-t£-Xw- F-hn-sS-bm-Wv- -Nn-Zw-_-cw- (in-h-\m-Wv- B-cm-[-\m-aq¿-Øn-)-

*- -Fw.-Pn.-B-dn-s‚-bpw- A-Æm-Zp-ssc-bp-sS-

bpw- k-am-[-nÿew˛ sNss∂bnseado\m_o®v

* GXp \ZnbpsS XocØmWv CutdmUvÿnXn sNøp∂Xv˛ Imthcn

* aebmfn sSºnƒ ÿnXn sNøp∂kpJhmk tIµw˛ sbdpImSv (tk-e-Øn-\p- k-ao-]w-)-

*- -\o-e-Kn-cn- ]¿-h-X- sd-bn¬-th- Du-ń-sb-G-Xp- ÿ-e-hp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p˛ta´p∏mfbw

* \m-a-°¬- G-Xv- hy-h-km-b-Øn-\p- ]-kn-≤w˛]uƒSn (ap´bp¬-]m-Z-\-Øn-\p- ]-kn-≤w-)-

*- -tlm-K-\-°¬- sh-≈-®m-´w- G-Xv- kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv˛ Xangv\mSv (Im-th-cn- \-Zn-bn-em-Wn-Xv-).-

*- -Ip-f-®¬- Xp-d-ap-Jw- G-Xv- kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv˛ Xangv\mSv (1741˛¬- Ip-f-®¬- bp-≤-Øn¬- am¿-Øm-Wv-U-h¿-a- U-®p-Im-sc-tXm¬-]n-®p-)-

*- -X-an-gv- kn-\n-am-hy-h-km-b-Øn-\p- tIm-fn-hp-Uv- F-∂p- t]-cp-e-`n-°m-≥ Im-c-W-am-b- ÿ-e-am-Wv- sN-ss∂-bn-se- tIm-S-ºm-°w.-

*- -_n-ó-jp-Im¿- a-Zm-kn¬- ]-Wn-I-gn-∏n-®-tI-m´˛ sk‚ v tPm¿Pv tIm´

* sshP-b-¥, A¿Pp≥ XpS-ßnb Sm¶p-Iƒ \n¿an-®-sXhn-sS-bm-Wv˛ BhUn

* tUm.-F.-]n.-sP.-A-_v-Zpƒ- I-em-an-s‚- P-∑-tZ-iw˛ cmtaizcw (At±-l-Øn-s‚- A-¥y-hn-i-a-ÿm-\-hpw- cm-ta-iz-c-Øm-Wv-).-

*- -In-kv-Xp-in-jy-\m-b- tXm-am-«o-l- c-‡-km-£n-Xzw- h-cn-®-Xm-bn- I-cp-X-s∏-Sp-∂-sN-ss∂-bv-°v- k-ao-]-ap-≈- ÿ-ew˛sk‚ v tXmakv au≠v

* Um\n-jv- Cu-kv-‰n-¥ym-°-º-\n- ]-Xn-t\-gmw- \q-‰m-≠n¬- A-h-cp-sS- B-ÿm-\-am-°n-b- Um-≥kv-t_m¿-Kv- ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂-Xv- S-t¶m-am-en-bm-Wv.- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- Um-\n-jv- sk-‰n¬-sa-‚p-Iƒ- _n-ó-jp-Im¿-kz-¥-am-°n.- S-t¶m-am-en-bp-sS- X-t±-io-b- \m-a-am-Wv- X-cw-Kw-]m-Sn.-

*- -a-cp-Xp-]m-Wv-Uy-≥ _n-ó-jp-Im¿-s°-Xn-sc- I-em-]w- \-bn-®- ÿ-e-am-Wv- in-h-Kw-K.- 1801 Pq- - 10 -\v- _n- o-jv- -c-W-Øn¬-\n-∂v- tam-N-\w- ]-Jym-]n-®p.- _n-ó-jv--c-W-Øn¬-\n-∂v- kzm-X-¥yw- ]-Jym-]n-

®- B-Zy- kw-`-h-am-Wn-Xv.-*- -X-an-gv- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w-

X-©m-hq-cn-em-Wv.-*- -Xn-cp-a-e- \m-b-Iv- sIm-´m-cw- a-[p-c-bn-em-

Wv.-*- -I-]m-eo-iz¿- t£-Xw- ssa-em-∏q-cn-em-Wv.-*- -]-›n-a- L- -Øn-s‚- ]m-e-°m-Sn-\v- sX-°p-

≈- `m-K-am-Wv- B-\-a-e.-*- -tIm-em-´w,- a-bn-em-´w- Xp-S-ßn-b-h- X-an-gv-

\m-Sn-s‚- \m-tSm-Sn- I-em-cq-]-ß-fm-Wv.-*- -am-en-Iv- Im-^¿- 1310˛¬- X-I¿-Ø- ]p-cm-

X-\-am-b- a-[p-c- ao-\m-£n- kp-µ-tc-iz-c-t£-Xw \m-b-Iv- hw-i-Øn-se- hn-iz-\m-Y- \m-b-Iv- (`-c-W-Im-ew- 1559˛-1600)- B-Wv- ]-Xn-\m-dmw- i-X-I-Øn¬- ]p-\¿-\n¿-an-®-Xv.- C-t∏mƒ- Im-Wp-∂- \n¿-an-Xn- Xn-cp-a-e- \m-b-Iv- (`-c-W-Im-ew- 1623˛-1655)-B-Wv- ]-Wn-I-gn-∏n-®-Xv.- C-Xv- k-a¿-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- ]m¿-h-Xn-°pw- in-h-\p-am-Wv.-hn-P-b-\-K-c- km-am-Py-Øn-s‚- K-h¿-W¿-am-cm-bn-cp-∂p- \m-b-Iv-am¿-

*- -`-c-X-\m-Sy-Øn-s‚- D-]-⁄m-Xm-hv- `-c-X-ap-\n-bm-sW-∂v- I-cp-X-s∏--Sp-∂p.

][m\ kw`hßƒ* ^m-≥kn-kv- tU- a-Zm-kv- ÿm-]n-®-Xv-

1639˛¬- B-Wv.-*- -t]m-fn-Km¿- bp-≤w- \-S-∂-Xv- Xn-cp-s\¬-

th-en- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv- (1799˛-1802).- ]m-©m-e-≥Ip-dn-®n-bn-se- -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂- ho-c-]m-Wv-Uy- I-´-s_m-Ω-s\- _n-ó-jp-Im¿- Xq-°n-s°m-∂p- (1799).-

*- -sh-√q¿- I-em-]w- \-S-∂-Xv- 1806˛-em-Wv.-*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń¬- D-∏p- -k -Xym - K -l-

Øn-s‚-(1930) - th-Zn -˛ - thZmcWywIS∏pdw (kn.cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-bm-Wv-C-hn-sS- D-∏p-k-Xym-K-l-Øn-\p- t\-Xr-Xzw-\¬-In-b-Xv.- Xn-cp-®n-d-∏-≈n-bn¬-\n-∂m-Wv-D-∏p- k-Xym-K-l-Pm-Y- B-cw-`n-®-Xv-).-

*- -1955˛¬- B-h-Un-bn¬- tN¿-∂- F.-sF.-kn.-kn.- k-tΩ-f-\-am-Wv- C-¥y-bp-sS- e-£yw- tkm-jy-en-Ãv- am-Xr-I-bn-ep-≈- k-aq-l-am-bn-cn-°-Ww- F-∂- ]-Jym-]-\w- \-S-Øn-b-Xv.-

*- -C-¥y-≥ sd-bn¬-th- q-]-S-Øn¬-\n-∂v- am-™p-t]m-b- tÃ-j-\m-Wv- [-\p-jv-tIm-Sn.-1964 Un-kw-_¿- 22˛-\m-Wv- 400 In-tem-ao-‰¿- thK-Øn¬- ho-in-b-Sn-®- Np-g-en-°m-‰n-epw- G-gp-ao-‰-tdm-fw- D-b-c-Øn¬- Ip-Xn-s®-Øn-b- kp-\m-an-Øn-c-I-fpw- tN¿-∂v- [-

\p-jv-tIm-Sn-bn-se- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-s\-bpw- B-Xp-cm-e-b-b-sØ-bpw- t]m-tÃm-ô-kn-s\-bpw- In-kv-Xy-≥ ]-≈n-sb-bpw-t£-X-sØ-bpw- \m-am-h-ti-j-am-°n-b-Xv.-[-\p-jv-tIm-Sn-bn-te-°v- t]m-b- ]m-k-©¿-Xo-h-≠n- 110 bm-X-°m-cpw- 6 Po-h-\-°m-cpw- k-ln-Xw- C-¥y-≥ a-lm-k-ap-Z-Øn¬-a-d-™p.-

*- -\n-b-a-k- -bp-sS- D-]-cn-k- -bm-b- se-Pn-t…-‰o-hv- Iu-¨-kn¬- \n¿-Ø-em-°n-b-Xv-1986˛¬- B-Wv.-

*- -cm-Po-hv- Km-‘n- h-[n-°-s∏- - ÿ-ew- (1991sa-b-v 21)˛ios]cpw]pXq¿ (acKXwNµ-ti-J-dn-\p- th-≠n- Im-º-bn-≥ \-S-Øm-\m-Wv- cm-Po-hv- Km-‘n- io-s]-cpw-]p-Xq-cn¬- F-Øn-b-Xv-)-

*- -1996˛-em-Wv- kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m¿- a-Zm-kv- F-∂- t]-cv- sN-ss∂- F-∂v- ]-cn-jv-I-cn-®-Xv.-

*- -sN-s∂-bn¬- sa-tSm- sd-bn¬-th- h-∂-Xv-2015˛¬- B-Wv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- H-cp- hn-t\m-Z-am-b- sP-√n-s°- v- tI-µ- k¿-°m¿- \n-tcm-[n-®-Xv- 2011 -

em-Wv.- 2014˛¬- \n-tcm-[-\w- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn- i-cn-h-®p.- ho-≠pw- A-\p-a-Xn- \¬-In-s°m-≠v- 2016˛¬- tI-µ-k¿-°m¿- D-Ø-c-hn-d-°n-sb-¶n-epw- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn- A-X-v tÃ sNbvXp.

][m\ ÿm]\ßƒ* Xangv\mń¬ ssk\n-Im-h-iy-Øn-\p≈

Sm¶p \n¿amWime FhnsSbmWv˛BhUn (Avadi is an acronym for

“Armoured Vehicles and AmmunitionDepot of India”.)

* `cX\mSyØn\pth≠n cpIvanWn tZhnAcpt≠¬ FhnsSbmWv Iemt£Xÿm]n®Xv˛ AUbm¿

* ªm-°v- X-≠¿- Xow- ]m¿-°v- F-hn-sS-b-mWv˛ ta´p∏mfbw

* C‚-K¬- tIm-®v- ^m-Iv-S-dn- F-hn-sS-bmWv˛ s]cºq¿ (1951˛¬- ÿm-]n-®p-)-

*- -sN-ss∂-bv-°-Sp-Øv- lyp-≠m-bn- Im¿- m-Iv -S -dn - ÿm-]n -®n -cn -°p-∂- ÿ-ew˛Irungattukottai (Z£n-W- sIm-dn-b-≥ I-º-\n-bm-Wv- lyp-≠m-bn.- km-≥tSm,- sF-sS-≥ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bp-sS- \n¿-am-Xm-°ƒ-)-

*- -hm-≠-√q¿- kp-thm-f-Pn-°¬- ]m¿-°v- G-Xp- kw-kv-Ym-\-Øv˛ Xangv\mSv

* \mjW¬ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v kn≤FhnsSbmWv˛ sNss∂

* Z£nW `mcX lnµn ]Nmc k`bpsSBÿm\w˛ sNss∂

* sk≥S¬- e-X¿- dn-k¿-®v- C-≥Ãn-‰yq-´v- ,-sk-≥S¬- C-e-Iv-tSm-Wn-Iv- F-©n-\n-b-dnw-Kv- dn-k¿-®v- C-≥Ãn-‰yq-´v- ,-\m-j-W¬-C-≥Ãn-‰yq-´v- Hm-^v- Hm-j-≥ sS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn,- C-¥y-≥ B¿-an-bp-sS- Hm-ô-tk-gv-kv-sS-bn-\nw-Kv- A-°m-Z-an,- I-Æn-am-d- ]-ªn-Iv- sse-_-dn,- C-≥Ãn-‰yq-´v- Hm-^v- am-Ø-am-‰n-°¬- k-b-≥k-kv,- Fw-F-kv- kzm-an-\m-Y-≥ dn-k¿-®v- û-t≠-j-≥ B-ÿm-\w,- F-∂n-h- sN-ss∂-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -sN-ss∂- \-K-c- ]-cn-[n-°p-≈n-em-Wv- Kn-≠n- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.- km-[m-c-W-am-bn- \-K-c-]-tZ-i-Øv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°p-Iƒ- hn-c-f-am-Wv.-

*- -]-i-kv-X- In-°-‰v- tÃ-Un-b-am-b- Fw.-F.-Nn-Zw-_-cw- tÃ-Un-bw- (sN-t∏m-Iv-)- sN-ss∂-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -1978˛¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- A-Æm- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\-hpw- sN-ss∂-bm-Wv.-

*- -C-µn-cm-Km-‘n- sk-‚¿- t^m¿- A-t‰m-an-Iv- dn-k¿-®v- I¬-∏m-°-Øn-em-Wv.-

*- -sN-ss∂- B-ÿm-\-am-b- a-Zm-kv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-°v- a-[p-c-bn¬- _-©p-≠v.-

*- -A-\n-a¬- sh¬-s^-b¿- t_m¿-Uv- Hm-^v-C-¥y-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w- sN-ss∂- B-Wv.-

*- -\m-j-W¬- Ko-≥ ssS-_q-W-en-s‚- Z-£n-tW-¥y-≥ s_-©v- ssN-s∂-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -a-Zm-kv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bp-sS- A-[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn¬-h-cp-∂- tI-µ- `-c-W-]-tZ-i-am-Wv- ]p-Xp-t®-cn.-

Ipg∏n°p∂hkvXpXIƒ

* ZmhnU apt∂‰ IgIØns‚ Nn”wDZb kqcy≥. AÆm ZmhnU apt∂‰IgIØns‚ Nn”w c≠ne.

* Xangv\mń¬ Hm^vsk‰v A®Sn°p]kn≤amb ÿew inhIminbmWv.kn¬°p hyhkmbØn\p ]kn≤ambXangv\mńse ÿeamWv Im©o]pcw.

* Z£ntW¥ybn¬ ae-I-fpsS dmWn (Queen of Hill Stations) F∂dn-b-s∏-Sp-Xv- D-Z-I-a-Wv-U-ew- A-Y-hm- Du-ń-bm-Wv.-tIm-ssS-°-\m¬- a-e-I-fp-sS- cm-P-I-p-amcn(Princess of Hill Stations) F∂dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -`m-c-Xo-bm¿- bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w- tIm-b-º-Øq-cpw- `m-c-Xn-Zm-k-≥bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w- Xn-cp-®n-d-∏-≈n-bp-am-Wv.-

*- -hm-K-¨- Sm-P-Un-bn¬- X-S-hp-Im¿- a-c-W-a-S-™p- F-∂v- a-\- n-em-°n-b-Xv- t]m-Ø-∂q¿- tÃ-j-\n¬- h-®m-Wv.- ]-cn-t°-‰-h-sc- ]-th-in-∏n-®-Xv- tIm-b-º-Øq¿- B-ip-]-Xn-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- sa-bn-≥em-≥Un¬- G-‰-hpw-sX-t°-b-‰-sØ- tem-Iv-k-`m- a-Wv-U-ew-

16 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

1. The world’s highest road connects:( a) Leh- Manali (b) Leh- Srinagar

(c) Manali- Kangra(d) Gangtok- Darjeeling

2. The NH-7 is the longest nationalhighway in India. It connects:(a) Agra- Mumbai (b) Ambala- Shipkila(c) Delhi- Lucknow (d) Varanasi-Kanyakumari

3. Into how many pincode zones thecountry divided?(a) 6 (b) 7(c) 8 (d) 10

4. The earth station for satellitecommunication is located at:(a) Dehra Dun (b) Shadnagar(c) Arvi (d) Mount Abu

5. The STD facility was first introduced in1960 between:(a) Bombay- Delhi (b) Bombay-Madras (c) Delhi- Madras(d) Kanpur- Lucknow

6. ‘The Ruhr of India’:(a) Chotanagpur(b) Chhatisgarh plain (c) Raniganj(d) Haryana

7. The only anthrapoid ape found in India:(a) Hoolock Gibbon(b) Lion tailed macaque(c) Spotted linseng (d) Slender lorris

8. Which was the second district to

achieve total literacy in India?(a) Wardha (b) Dakshin Kannad(c) Burdwan (d) Ernakulam

9. Which of the following states has depositsof copper, lead and zinc together:(a) Madhya Pradesh (b) Karnataka(c) Rajastan (d) Bihar

10. Duncan Pass is between:(a) South Andaman and Little Andaman(b) North and South Andaman(c) North and Middle Andaman(d) Andaman and Nicobar

11. Where is Gulf of Mannar located?(a) West of Gujarat(b) East of Tamil Nadu(c) West of Kerala(d) South of Kanyakumari

12. India and its neighbouring countries aretogether called the Indian sub-continentbecause of the:(a) Vast size of the area(b) Political dominance of India(c) Region’s aloofness from the rest ofthe world(d) typical economic link between thevarious member states

13. When were the states of Indiaorganised on a linguistic basis?(a) 1947 (b) 1950(c) 1952 (d) 1956

14. The highest peak in Indian territory is

K2. In which range it is located?(a) Central Himalayas(b) Trans-Himalayas(c) Karakoram Range(d) Kumaon Himalayas

15. The total area covered by theHimalayas is about:(a) 600000 sq.km (b) 500000 sq.km(c) 400000 sq.km (d) 100000 sq.km

16. In which state are the Aravalli rangeslocated?(a) Rajastan(b) Himachal Pradesh (c) Orissa(d) Maharashtra

17. Where is the Maikal range located?(a) Rajastan(b) Jammu and Kashmir(c) Madhya Pradesh(d) Tamil Nadu

18. Which of the following rivers flowthrough a rift valley?(a) Ganga (b) Brahmaputra(c) Narmada (d) Krishna

19. The territorial waters of India extendupto:(a) 12 nautical miles (b) 6 nauticalmiles (c) 10 nautical miles(d) 15 nautical miles

20. What is the most importantcharacteristic of the islands (Indian)located in the Arabian Sea?

Indian States(a) They are all very small in size(b) They are all of coral origin(c) They have a very dry climate(d) They have extended parts of themain land

21. Which part of India has an internal typeof drainage?(a) Central Himalayas (b) Tamil Nadu(c) Chotanagpur (d) Rajastan

22. Of which major river system is theSutlej a part?(a) Indus (b) Ganga(c) Brahmaputra (d) Yamuna

23. Which one of the following tributaries ofthe Ganga system flows northwards?(a) Kosi (b) Ghaghra(c) Chambal (d) Gandak

24. Which river forms its delta in Orissa?(a) Tapti (b) Narmada(c) Godavari (d) Mahanadi

25. Which river in India is called Tsangpo inone of its reaches?(a) Ganga (b) Brahmaputra(c) Kosi (d) Teesta

Answers1 (a) 2(d) 3 (c) 4 (c) 5(d) 6(a) 7(a) 8(b) 9(c)10(a) 11(b) 12(c) 13(d) 14(c) 15(b) 16(a)17(c) 18(c) 19(a) 20(b) 21(d) 22(a) 23(c)24(d) 25(b)

I-\ym-Ip-am-cn-bm-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- C-¥y-≥bq-Wn-b-\n-se- G-‰-hpw- sX-t°-b-‰-sØ-tem-Iv-k-`m- a-Wv-U-ew- B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m-dm-Wv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- Pn-√-I-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww- Iq-Sn-b-Xv- Im-©o-]p-c-hpw- P-\-kw-Jy- Iq-Sn-b-Xv- sN-ss∂-bpw- B-Wv.-

*- -\o-e-Kn-cn-°p-∂p-I-fn-em-Wv- Du- n.- ]-f-\n- a-e-\n-c-I-fn-em-Wv- sIm-ssU-°-\m¬.- c-≠pw-]-›n-a- L- -Øn-em-Wv.- ]q¿-h-L- -ØnseShevaroy Hills ¬ ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- kp-J-hm-k-tI-\v-Z-am-Wv- sb-dp-Im-Sv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- G-‰-hpw- sX-t°-b-‰-sØ- kw-ÿm-\w- X-an-gv-\m-Sm-sW-¶n-epw- sX-t°-b-‰-sØ- -c-W-L-S-Iw- tI-\v-Z- -c-W-]-tZ-i-am-b- B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m-dm-Wv.-

*- -D-]-Zzo-]o-b- C-¥y-bp-sS- G-‰-hpw- sX-t°-b-‰w-˛- I-\ym-Ip-am-cn- (F-´v- Un-Kn- \m-ep-an-\n- m-Wv- q-an-im-kv-X-]-c-am-b- ÿm-\w.-C-¥y-≥ bq-Wn-b-s‚- sX-t°-b-‰w- \n-t°m-_m-dn-se- C-µn-cm- t]m-bn-‚ v-).-

*- -a-Zm-kn-s‚- ÿm-]-I-≥ ^m-≥kn-kv- tU-B-Wv.- t]m-≠n-t®-cn- (]p-Xp-t®-cn-)-bp-tS-Xv- ^m-≥kn-kv- am-¿ń≥.

A]q¿h hkvXpXIƒ* aq∂p kwÿm-\-ß-fp-ambn AXn¿Øn

]¶n-Sp∂ h\y-Pohn kt¶-X-amWv apXp-ae (X-an-gv\m-Sv, tIc-fw, I¿Wm-S-Iw).

* "aebm-fn- sSºnƒ'- kv-Yn-Xn- sNøp-∂ kp-Jhm-k tIµw-˛ sbdp-Im-Sv-

* cmtaiz-cw- Zzo-]n-s\ C¥y≥- D]`q-JWv-Uhp-am-bn- _\v-[n-∏n-°p-∂ ]m-ew- ]m-º≥-]m-ew-

* B‘m-]-tZ-iv-˛- X-an-gv-\m-Sv- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-em-bn- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- X-Sm-I-w˛]pen°´v

* `mc-Xn- tUm-Iv,- tUm.-Aw-t_-Zv-I¿- tUm-Iv- F-∂n-h- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- Xp-d-ap-Jw˛sNss∂

* Pv-Rm-\-]o-T-Øn-\¿-l-am-b- A-Jn-e-s‚-(]n . -hn . -A-Jn -em -Wv -U-≥) - Ir -Xn -˛NnØnc∏mssh

* IqSwIpfw BWh]≤XnbpambnklIcn°p∂ cmPyw ˛ djy

* H∂mw- tem-I-a-lm-bp-≤-°m-e-Øv- P¿-a-\n- B-I-an-®- G-I- C-¥y-≥ \-K-cw˛ sN-ss∂-

* I\ym-Ip-am-cn-bn-se- Km-‘n-sa-tΩm-dn-b¬--cq-]-I-ev-]-\- sN-bv-X-Xv˛ sP.-kn.-A-e-Iv-km-≠¿- -(CXv- ]-Wn-I-gn-∏n-®-Xv- Xn-cp-˛-sIm-®n- k¿-°m-c-m-Wv-)-

*- -]m-Iv- I-S-en-Sp-°n¬- ]-Xn-°p-∂- C-¥y-≥\-Zn-bm-Wv- ssh-K.-

*- -Fw.-Pn.-B-dn-s\- tZ-io-b- A-hm¿-Un-\v-A¿-l-\m-°n-b- Nn-X-w˛ dn£m°mc≥(1973)

* tkXp kapZw jn∏nMv I\m¬t]mPIvSns‚ \ofw˛ 83 \ofw

* BZwkv _nUvPns‚ (cmatkXp)\ofw˛ 48 In.ao. ([\p-jv-tIm-Sn-°pw- io-

e-¶-bn-se- X-sse-am-∂m-dn-\pw- C-S-bv-°m-Wn-Xv-)-

*- -tem-I-Øv- \-K-c-]-cn-[n-bn¬- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- A-]q¿-hw- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-ß-fn¬-H-∂v- sN-ss∂-bn-em-Wv.- t]cv˛ Kn≠n

* cm-ta-iz-cw- Zzo-]n-s\- C-¥y-≥ D-]-Zzo-]p-am -bn - th¿-Xn -cn -°p -∂Xv˛ ]mº≥Nm\¬

* sXt° C¥y-bn¬,- Atacn-°°m¿ hn-Ikn-∏n-s®Sp-Ø kp-Jhm-ktIµw-˛sIm-ssU°\m¬--

* sNss∂-bn-ep-≈-Xp-Iq-Sm-sX- Du-ń-bn-epw- cm-Pv-`-h-\p-≠v.- ap-ºv- _n-ń-jv- C-¥y-bn-se- a-Zm-kv- K-h¿-W-dp-sS- th-\¬-°m-e- h-k-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p- C-Xv.-

*- -Sn.-Fw.-\m-b¿,- Xym-K-cm-P-sN- n- F-∂n-h¿-1916˛¬- ÿm-]n-®- ]m¿-ń-bm-Wv- P-Ãn-kv-]m¿-ń- A-Y-hm- ku-Øv- C-¥y-≥ en-_-d¬- s -U-td-j-≥.- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- Un-Fw-sI- cq-]w-sIm-≠-Xv- Cu- ]m¿-ń-bn¬-\n-∂m-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-≥ a-lm-k-ap-Z-hpw- _w-Kmƒ- Dƒ-°-S-epw- A-d-_n-°-S-epw- kw-K-an-°p-∂-ÿ-e-am-Wv- I-\ym-Ip-am-cn.-

*- -hm-k-hn- Uo-k¬- \n-e-bw- X-an-gv-\m-ń-em-Wv.-

*- -Nm¿-an-\m¿- F-Iv-kv-]-kv- sN-ss∂- \-K-c-sØ- ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zp-am-bn- _-‘n-∏n-°p-∂p.- em¬-_m-Kv- F-Iv-kv-]-kv- sN-ss∂-bv-°pw- _mw-•q-cn-\p-an-S-bv-°v- Hm-Sp-∂p.-

*- -A-l-Ω-Zm-_m-Zn-s\-bpw- sN-ss∂-sb-bpw-_-‘n-∏n-°p-∂- sS-bn-\m-Wv- \-h-Po-h-≥F-Iv-kv-]-kv.-

*- -Km-≥Uv- S-¶v- F-Iv-kv-]-kv- \yq-U¬-ln-sb- sN-ss∂-bp-am-bn- _-‘n-∏n-°p-∂p.-

*- -tIm-ssh- F-Iv-kv-]-kv- sN-ss∂-bv-°pw-tIm-b-º-Øq-cn-\pw- C-S-bn¬- k¿-ho-kv- \-S-Øp-∂p.-

*- -t]ƒ- kn-‰n- F-Iv-kv-]-kv- Xq-Øp-°p-Sn-sb-bpw- sN-ss∂- -F-‹q-dn-s\-bpw- X-Ωn¬-_-‘n-∏n-°p-∂p.-

*- -B-Zy-Im-e-Øv- sN-∂-]-´-Ww- F-∂p- t]-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂- \-K-c-Øn-\v- a-Zm-kv- F-∂-t]-cp- \¬-In-b-Xv- ]m-›m-Xy-cm-Wv.- sN-∂- tI-i-h- s]-cp-amƒ- t£-X-Øn-s‚- t]-cn¬-\n-∂m-Wv- sN-∂-]- -Ww- F-∂- \m-aw-\n-jv-]-∂-am-b-sX-∂v- A-`n-]m-b-ap-≠v.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- _n- o-jv- -c-W-Im-e-Øv- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- B-Zy-sØ- aq-∂v- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wv- a-Zm-kv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- (I¬-°-´,- t_mw-s_- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv-a-‰p- c-s≠-Æw-).- tI-µ-`-c-W- ]-tZ-i-am-b- ]p-Xp-t®-cn-bpw- C-Xn-s‚- A-[n-Im-c- ]-cn-[n-°p-≈n-em-Wv.- a-Zm-kv- \-K-c-Øn-s‚-t]-cv- am-‰n-bn-´p-s≠-¶n-epw- a-Zm-kv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bp-sS- t]-cv- am-‰n-bn-ń-√.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- in-cp-hm-Wn- A-W-s°- n-se-P-ew- tIm-b-º-Øq-cn-se- B-h-iy-Øn-\m-Wv- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.- knw-K-\-√q¿- X-Sm-Iw- tIm-b-º-Øq-cn-em-Wv.-

*- -B-‘-bn-se- hn-P-b-hm-U-bv-°v- k-ao-]w-Ir-jv-Wm-\-Zn-bn¬-\n-∂v- sh-≈w- sN-ss∂-\-K-c-Øn-se-Øn-°p-∂- _-°n-Mv-lmw- I-\m¬- ]-Wn-X-Xv- _n-ó-jp-Im-cm-Wv.-

*- -sN-ss∂-bn-eq-sS- H-gp-Ip-∂- \-Zn-I-fm-Wv-A-U-bm¿- \-Zn-bpw- Iq-hw- \-Zn-bpw.-

*- -k-Xy-aw-K-ew- h-\-Øn¬- ho-c-∏-s\- Io-gv-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- ssk-\n-I- \-S-]-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-Hm-∏-td-j-≥ sIm-°q-¨- (2004).- kv-s]-jy¬- Sm-kv-Iv- t^m-gv-kn-\v- t\-Xr-Xzw- \¬-In-b- sF.-]n.-F-kv.- Hm-ô-k-dm-Wv- sI.-hn-P-b-Ip-am¿.-

*- -X-©m-hq¿- t£-X-Øn-s‚- 1000 h¿-jw-]-am-Wn-®v- dn-k¿-hv- _m-¶v- 2010˛¬- 1000cq-]-bp-sS- \m-W-bw- ]p-d-Øn-d-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m- n-se- \-jv-S- \-K-c-am-Wv- (tem-Ãv-kn-‰n-)- ]pw-]p-lm¿- A-Y-hm- Im-th-cn-]-´-Ww.-

*- -a-Zm-kv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bp-sS- Io-gn¬- h-cp-∂- a-e-bm-fw- am-Xr-`m-j-bm-b- Pn-√-bm-Wv- am-ln.-

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 17

1. The first country to make ceramic wares:(a) India (b) Egypt(c) China (d) Greece

2. The first country to make silk cloths:(a) China (b) India(c) Egypt (d) Mesopotamia

3. The first country to issue postal stamps:(a) Germany (b) Britain(c) France (d) Brazil

4. In which air mail system was introduced forthe first time?(a) India (b) France(c) China (d) England

5. The first country in the world to conductcivil service examination:(a) England (b) China(c) France (d) USA

6. The first country in the world to usecompas:(a) Spain (b) Egypt(c) China (d) England

7. In which country Ombusman system wasintroduced for the first time?(a) China (b) USA(c) Norway (d) Sweden

8. In which country ‘Fool’s day’ was observed

for the first time?(a) France (b) Japan(c) England (d) USA

9. In which country the leftist and rightistwing system in Legislature was evolved?(a) England (b) Grece(c) USA (d) France

10. The country where modern democraticsystem was evolved?(a) India (b) China(c) France (d) England

11. The first democratic country in the worldhistory:(a) Greece (b) China(c) Japan (d) France

12. Which country ranks first in energyconsumption?(a) India (b) Russia(c) USA (d) China

13. In which country air force was establishedfor the first time?(a) France (b) India(c) England (d) USA

14. In which country car race was conductedfor the first time?(a) Germany (b) France

(c) England (d) Spain15. In which country the first woman prime

minister in the world assumed power?(a) Sri Lanka (b) Argentina(c) India (d) England

16. In which country the woman president inthe world assumed power?(a) India (b) France(c) Argentina (d) Sri Lanka

17. The first country in the world to imposeValue Added Tax?(a) Britain (b) China(c) USA (d) France

18. The first African country to getindependence from Europeancolonolisation?(a) Ghana (b) Ethiopia(c) Nambia (d) South Africa

19. The first republic in the continent of Africa:(a) Liberia (b) South Africa(c) Ghana (d) Namibia

20. The first Asian country where generalelection was held:(a) Japan (b) China(c) India (d) Sri Lanka

21. The first Asian country to start

population control:(a) Pakistan (b) India(c) Japan (d) Philippines

22. The first Asian country where Cyber lawswere implemented:(a) Japan (b) China(c) Thailand (d) Singapore

23. The first European power to establishtrade relations with India via sea route:(a) Portugal (b) Holland(c) England (d) France

24. The first protestant people of Europeestablish trade relations with India via searoute:(a) The French (b) The Portuguese(c) The Dutch (d) The English

25. The first African country to have a womanpresident:(a) Ghana (b) Nigeria(c) Niger (d) Liberia

Answers1 (c) 2(a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 5(b) 6(c) 7(d) 8(a) 9(d) 10(d)11(a) 12(c) 13(a) 14(b) 15(a) 16(c) 17(d) 18(b) 19(a)20(c) 21(b) 22(d) 23(a) 24(c) 25(d)

Countries: First in the World

A¿ta-\nb* tIm°-k-kv- ]-tZ-i-Øv- ]-Sn-™m-d-≥ G-

jy-bp-sS-bpw- In-g-°-≥ bq-tdm-∏n-s‚-bpw-kw-K-a-ÿm-\-Øv- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- I-c-_-≤-cm-Py-am-Wv- A¿-ta-\n-b.-

* q-an-im-kv-X-]-c-am-bn- G-jy-bp-sS- m-K-am-sW-¶n-epw- kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-am-b- A-Sp-∏-°q-Sp-X¬- bq-tdm-∏n-t\m-Sm-Wv.- dn-∏-_v-fn-Iv- Hm- v-A¿-ta-\n-b- F-∂m-Wv- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- \m-aw.-

*- -X-e-ÿm-\w- bm-c-h-≥.- \m-W-bw- Umw.-\m-j-W¬- A-kw-ªn-bm-Wv- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k- .-

*- -In-kv-Xp-a-Xw- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- a-X-am-bn- kzo-I-cn-®- tem-I-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- cm-Py-am-Wv- A¿-ta-\n-b- (F.-Un.-301).-

*- -]m-No-\-Im-e-Øv- l-bm-Iv-ÿm-≥ F-∂m-Wv- A¿-ta-\n-b- A-dn-b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv.-

*- Ko-°v,- tdm-a-≥,- Hm-t´m-a-≥ km-am-Py-ß-fp-sS- A-[n-\n-th-i-Øn-\v- C-c-bm-tI-≠n-h-∂-h-cm-Wv- A¿-ta-\n-b-≥ P-\-X.-

*- H-∂mw- tem-I-a-lm-bp-≤-°m-e-Øv- 15e-£-tØm-fw- A¿-ta-\n-b-°m-sc- Xp¿-°n-Iƒ-sIm-s∂m-Sp-°n.- C-Xv- A¿-ta-\n-b-≥ Iq-´-s°m-e- F-∂m-W-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.-

*- -A¿-ta-\n-b-bp-sS- `m-K-am-bn-cp-∂- A-dm-d-Øv- ]¿-h-Xw- Xp¿-°n- ssI-h-i-s∏-Sp-Øn.-F-∂m-epw- A¿-ta-\n-b-≥ ]-Xm-I-bn¬-Cu- ]¿-h-X-Øn-s‚- Nn-Xw- B-te-J-\w-sN-bv-Xn- p-≠v.- ss_-_nƒ- ]-Im-cw,- t\m-l-bp-sS- s]-´-Iw- Cu- ]¿-h-X-Øn¬-X-ń-bm-Wv- \n-∂p-t]m-b-Xv.-

*- -tem-I-Øv- `-c-W-Iq-Sw- \n¿-an-®- ]-≈n-I-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- ]-g-°-ap-≈-Xv- A¿-ta-\n-b-bn-se Etchmiadzin Cathedral BWv.

* temIØm-Zy-am-bn- ss_-_nƒ- ]-cn-`m-j-sN-ø-s∏-´- `m-j-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wv- A¿-ta-\n-b-≥.-

*- -tkm-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-s‚- `m-K-am-bn-cp-∂-A¿-ta-\n-b- tkm-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-≥ in-Yn-e-am-b-tXm-sS- 1991˛¬- kz-X-¥-am-bn.

s_em-dkv* t]cn-\¿-Yw- sh-fp-Ø- d-jy.- In-g-°-≥ bq-

tdm-∏n-se- H-cp- I-c-_-‘n-X- cm-Py-am-Wn-Xv.- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- \m-aw- dn-∏-ªn-Iv- Hm-^v-s_-em-d-kv.-

*- -D-I-bn-≥,- em-Xv-hn-b,- en-Xzm-\n-b,- t]m-f-≠v- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv- A-b¬- cm-Py-ßƒ.-

*- -X-e-ÿm-\w- an-≥kv-Iv.- cm-Py-sØ- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- \-K-c-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -s_-em-d-jy-≥ dq-_n-fm-Wv- \m-W-bw.-*- -tkm-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-\n-se- L-S-I-ß-fn-

sem-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- Cu- cm-Pyw.- tkm-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-≥ X-I¿-∂-t∏mƒ- kz-X-¥- cm-Py-am-bn.- (1990 Pq-sse- 27).-

*- -\m-j-W¬- A-kw-ªn-bm-Wv- \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-W-k-`.-

*- -In-kv-Xp-a-X-am-Wv- ]-[m-\- aXw.

_ƒtKdnb* _mƒ°-≥ D-]-Zzo-]n-s‚- In-g-°p- m-K-Øm-

bn- sX-°p-In-g-°-≥ bq-tdm-∏n¬- ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂- cm-Pyw.-

*- -sdm-am-\n-b,- sk¿-_n-b,- am-kn-tUm-Wn-b,- Ko-kv,- Xp¿-°n- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv- A-b¬-cm-Py-ßƒ.- Ip-d-®p-Zq-cw- I-cn-¶-S-ep-am-bn-A-Xn¿-Øn-bp-≠v.-

*- -X-e-ÿm-\w- tkm-^n-b.- cm-Py-sØ- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- \-K-c-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -1955 Un-kw-_¿- 14˛-\v- sF-Iy-cm-jv-S-k-`-bn¬- Aw-K-am-bn.- 2007˛¬- bq-tdm-]y-≥bq-Wn-b-\n¬- tN¿-∂p.-

*- -Hu-tZym-Kn-I- m-j- _ƒ-tK-dn-b-≥.- \m-j-W¬- A-kw-ªn-bm-Wv- \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-W-k-`.- In-kv-Xp-a-X-am-Wv- ]-[m-\-a-Xw.-

*- -I-gn-™- 1300 h¿-j-Øn-\n-sS- H-cn-°-epw- t]-cp-am-‰n-bn-ń-√m-Ø- cm-Py-am-Wv-_ƒ-tK-dn-b.-

*- -2001 ap-X¬- 2005 h-sc- _ƒ-tK-dn-b-≥ ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b- ]-g-b-cm-Pm-hm-Wv- ssk-a-¨- c-≠m-a-≥.

sse_ocnb* bqtdm-]y-≥ th-cp-I-fn-√m-Ø- G-I- ]-›n-

am-^n-°-≥ cm-Py-am-Wv- sse-_o-cn-b.-*- -B-^n-°-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- dn-

∏-ªn-°m-Wv- sse-_o-cn-b.-*- -a- -tdm-hn-b-bm-Wv- sse-_o-cn-b-bp-sS- X-

e-ÿm-\w.-*- -A-ta-cn-°-bv-°p-sh-fn-bn¬- H-cp- A-ta-cn-°-

≥ ]-kn-U-‚n-s‚- (sP-bnw-kv- a- -tdm-)- t]-cn¬- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- G-I- X-e-ÿm-\-\-K-c-am-Wv- a-¨-tdm-hn-b.-

*- -Cw-•o-jm-Wv- sse-_o-cn-b-bn-se- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- `m-j.-

*- -bp-Wn-‰-dn- ]-kn-U-≥jy¬- tIm- -Ãn-‰yq-j-W¬- dn-∏-ªn-°m-b- sse-_o-cn-b-bn-se-\n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k- -bp-sS- A-t[m-k- - lu-kv- Hm- v- d-]-k-t‚-‰o-hv-kv- F-∂pw- D-]-cn-k- - sk-\-‰v- F-∂pw- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -sse-_o-cn-b-≥ tUm-f-dm-Wv- cm-Py-sØ-\m-W-bw.- In-kv-Xp-a-X-am-Wv- cm-Py-sØ-]-[m-\- a-Xw.-

*- -A-ta-cn-°-bn¬-\n-∂v- tam-Nn-X-cm-b- A-Sn-a-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n- 1821 -22 ¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- tIm-f-\n-bm-bn-cp-∂p- sse-_o-cn-b.-

*- -B-^n-°-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´- cm-jv-S-ta-[m-hn- F-∂- hn-ti-j-Ww- F-e-≥ tPm-¨-k-¨- k¿-eo-^n-\p-kz-¥-a-mWv.

amen Zzo]v* G‰hpw- hn-kv-Xo¿-W-hpw- P-\-kw-Jy-bpw-

Ip-d-™- G-jy-≥ cm-Py-am-Wv- am-en-Zzo-]v.-a-lm-k-ap-Z-Øn-se- ap-Øp-am-e- F-∂v- Cu-Zzo-]-k-aq-lw- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- A-b¬- cm-Py-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww- Ip-d-™-Xv- am-en-Zzo-]m-Wv.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- D-∂-X-am-b- `m-K-Øn-s‚- D-b-cw-G-‰-hpw- Ip-d-™- tem-I-cm-Py-am-Wv- am-en-Zzo-]v.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- P-\-kw-Jy- Ip-d-™- ap-…nw- cm-Py-am-Wv- am-en-Zzo-]v.-

*- -Zn-th-ln- `m-j- kw-km-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- cm-Py-am-Wv- am-en-Zzo-]v.-

*- -X-e-ÿm-\w- am-en,- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`-a-Pv-en-kv.-

*- -]-kn-U-≥jy¬- dn-∏-ªn-°m-Wv- am-en-Zzo-]v.- k-ap-Z-Øn-\-Sn-bn¬- a-¥n-k-`m-tbm-

temI-cm-Py-ßƒ

Kw- tN¿-∂- tem-I-Øn-se- B-Zy- cm-Py-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -C-kv-fm-am-Wv- e-£-Zzo-]n-se- ]-[m-\-a-Xw.-*- -am-en-Zzo-]v- kzm-X-¥yw- t\-Sn-b-Xv- _n-´-

Wn¬-\n-∂m-Wv.- am-en-Zzo-]v- ]-kn-U-‚m-bn-cp-∂- au-aq- - A-_v-Zpƒ- K-bqw- G-jy-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Im-ew- (1978˛-2008)- ]-kn-U-‚m-bn-cp-∂- hy-‡n-bm-Wv.-

*- -am-en-Zzo-]n-s\- Io-g-S-°n-b- Z-£n-tW-¥y-≥ cm-P-hw-i-am-Wv- tNm-f-≥am¿.-

*- -sX-ßm-Wv- am-en-Zzo-]n-s‚- tZ-io-b- hr-£w.- tdm-km-Wv- tZ-io-b- ]pjv]w.

tam≠ns\tKm* sX°p-In-g-°-≥ bq-tdm-∏n-se- H-cp- cm-Py-

am-Wv- tam-≠n-s\-tKm.- A-Un-bm-‰n-Iv- I-S-en-s‚- Xo-c-Øm-Wv- Cu- cm-Py-Øn-s‚-`q-an-im-kv-X-]-c-am-b- ÿm-\w.-

*- -sIm-tb-jy,- t_m-kv-\n-b-˛-sl¿-kn-tKm-hn-\,- sk¿-_n-b,- A¬-t_-\n-b- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv- A-b¬- cm-Py-ßƒ.-

*- -tam-≠n-s\-tKm- F-∂- t]-cn-\¿-Yw- I-dp-Ø- ]¿-h-Xw- F-∂m-Wv.-

*- -t]m-Uv-tKm-dn-°-bm-Wv- tam-≠n-s\-tKm-bp-sS- X-e-ÿm-\w.-

*- -In-kv-Xp-a-X-am-Wv- ]-[m-\-a-Xw.- ]-[m-\-`m-j-Iƒ- tam-≠n-s\-Kn-b-≥,- sk¿-_n-b-≥.- bq-tdm-bm-Wv- \m-W-bw.-

*- -1918˛¬- bp-tKm-…m-hy-bp-sS- Io-gn-em-bn.-bp-tKm-…m-hy-bn-se- s^-U-d¬- dn-∏-ªn-°p-Iƒ- 1992˛¬- hn-`-Pn-®-t∏mƒ- tam-≠n-s\-tKm- \n-e-sIm-≠-Xv- sk¿-_n-b-bv-°v-H-∏-am-Wv.-

*- -sk¿-_n-b-bn¬-\n-∂v- tam-≠n-s\-tKm- kz-X-¥-am-b-Xv- 2006 Pq-¨- 3˛-\m-Wv.-

*- -sF-Iy-cm-jv-S-k-`-bn-se- 192a-sØ- Aw-K-am-Wv- tam-≠n-s\-tKm- (2006 Pq-sse-28).- bq-tdm-]y-≥ bq-Wn-b-≥,- \m-t‰m- F-∂n-h-bn-epw- Aw-K-Xz-ap-≠v.-

*- -]m¿-e-sa-‚-dn- dn-∏-ªn-°m-b- tam-≠n-s\-tKm-bp-sS- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`-bp-sS- t]-cv- S-kup-stin-a- F-∂m-Wv.-

*- -Cu-tÃ-¨- Hm¿-Ø-tUm-Iv-kv- B-Wv- cm-Py-sØ- ]-[m-\-a-X-hn`mKw.

18 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

kn.B¿.Zmkpw tamØoem¬ s\lphpw cq]w \¬Inb kzcmPv ]m¿ń 1923 P\phcnbn¬ ]h¿Ø-\-am-cw-`n®p.Fw.-B¿.-P-b-I¿,hnX¬`mbv ]t´¬ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ Cu \o°sØ A\p-Iq-en -®p. tIm¨Kkv˛Jnem^Øv kzcmPy ]m¿ń, kzcm-PnÃv ]m¿ń F∂o

t]cpIfnepw Cu ]ÿm\w Adnbs∏´p. kn.B¿.Zmkv ]m¿ńbpsS ]knU‚mbn. tamØoem¬ s\lp hmbncp∂pskI´dnamcnsemcmƒ. ]m¿ń-bpsS BZy cmjvSob ktΩ-f\w 1923 am¿®n¬ Ae-l-_m-ZnemWv \S-∂-Xv

B[p-\nI C¥y16kzcmPv ]m¿ń

_¿tZmfn ]tabw1922 s^-_p-h-cn- 12˛-\v- Kp-P-dm-Øn-se-

_¿-tZm-fn-bn¬-tN¿-∂- tIm-¨-K-kv- ]-h¿-Ø-I-k-an-Xn- \n-b-a-ew-L-\-Øn-te-°v- \-bn-t®-°m-hp-∂- F-√m- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw- \n¿-Øn-h-bv-°p-∂- ]-ta-bw- ]m-km-°n.- N¿-°-]-N-cn-∏n-°p-I,- tZ-io-b- hn-Zym-`ym-k- ÿm-]-\-ßƒ,- a-Zy-h¿-P-\w,- A-bn-tØm-®m-S-\w,-ln-µp- -ap-…nw- sF-Iy-Øn-s‚- ]-cn-t]m-j-Ww-ap-X-em-b- cm-jv-S-\n¿-am-W-]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn¬- G¿-s∏-Sm-≥ ]-ta-bw- tIm- -K-kp-Im-tcm-Sv- B-h-iy-s∏-´p.- tIm-¨-K-kn-se- H-cp-hn-`m-Kw- ]-tXy-In-®v,- sN-dp-∏-°m-cm-b- tZ-io-b-hm-Zn-Iƒ- Cu- ]n-∑m-‰- Xo-cp-am-\-sØ-sh-dp-Øp.- F-∂m¬,- P-\-ßƒ-°pw- t\-Xm-°ƒ-°pw- Km-‘n-Pn-bn¬- hn-izm-k-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬- ]-c-ky-am-bn- F-Xn¿-∏v- ]-I-Sn-∏n-°m-sX- A-h¿- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- Xo-cp-am-\w- Aw-Ko--Icn®p.

Km‘nPn AdÃn¬1922 am¿-®v- 10˛-\v- Km-‘n-Pn-sb- A-d-Ãv-

sN-øp-I-bpw- K-h- -sa-‚n-s\-Xn-sc- hn-tZz-jw-]-c-Øp-∂-Xn-\v- tI-sk-Sp-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-hn-Nm-c-W-bv-°p-ti-jw- A-t±-l-sØ- B-dp-h¿-j-sØ- X-S-hn-\p- in-£n-®p.- tIm-S-Xn- ap-ºm-sI- Km-‘n-Pn- \-S-Øn-b- ]-kv-Xm-h-\-Cu- tI-kn-s\- N-cn-X-]m-[m-\y-ap-≈-Xm-°n-am-‰n.- _n-ó-jv- `-c-W-sØ- ]n-¥p-W-bv-°p-∂- hy-‡n- F-∂- \n-e-bn¬-\n-∂v- G-‰-hpw-Xo-h-am-b- hn-a¿-i-I-≥ F-∂- \n-e-bn-te-°p-≈- X-s‚- Np-h-Sp-h-bv-]n-s\-°p-dn-®m-Wv- B-]-kv-Xm-h-\-bn¬- A-t±-lw- kp-Zo¿-L-am-bn-]-cm-a¿-in-®-Xv.- 1908˛¬- _m-e-Kw-Km-[-c- Xn-e-I-\v- hn-[n-®- A-tX-in-£-bm-Wv- Km-‘n-Pn-°v- hn-[n-°p-∂-sX-∂v- P-Uv-Pn- hy-‡-am-°n.-cm-Py-tZm-l-°p-‰-Øn-\v- Km-‘n-Pn-°v- B-dp-h¿-jw- X-S-hp- hn-[-n®p.

kzcmPv ]m¿ń\n -l-I-c-W- ]-ÿm-\w- A-]-Xo-£n-

X-am-bn- ]n-≥h-en-°-s∏-´-Xv- C-¥y-≥ cm-jv-So-b-Øn¬- iq-\y-X-bp-f-hm-°n.- i-‡-am-b-H-cp- cm-jv-So-bw- k-a-cw- A-\n-hm-cy-am-sW-∂v- kn.-B¿.-Zm-kv,- tam-Øo-em¬- s\-lp- Xp-S-ßn-b- t\-Xm-°ƒ- hn-e-bn-cp-Øn.- hn-Ø¬-`m-bv- ]-t´¬- (k¿-Zm¿- ]-t´-en-s‚- tPy-jv-T-≥),- kp-`m-jv- N-µ-t_m-kv- ap-X-em-b-h¿- C-h-sc- ]n-¥p-W-®p.- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k- -I-fn¬-]-th-in-®v- K-h- -sa-‚n-s‚- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-X-S-bp-I-bm-Wv- th-≠-sX-∂v- C-h¿- hm-Zn-®p.-]-t£,- Cu- \n-e-]m-Sn-t\m-Sv- tbm-Pn-°m-≥tIm-¨-K-kv- t\-Xr-Xzw- k-∂-≤-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Iu-¨-kn¬- ]-th-i-\-sØ- F-Xn¿-Ø-hn-`m-K-sØ- \-bn-®-Xv- k¿-Zm¿- ]-t´¬,- cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn,- tUm.-A-≥km-cn,- cm-tP-µ-]-km-Zv- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- Cu- hn-`m-Kw- t\m- tN-t©-gv-kv- F-∂pw- kn.-B¿.-Zm-kn-s\- A-\p-Iq-en-®-h¿- t]m- tN-t©-gv-kv- F-∂p- A-dn-b-s∏-´p.-

K-b-bn¬-h-®v- 1922˛¬- kn.-B¿- Zm-kn-s‚-A-[y-£-X-bn¬- tN¿-∂- tIm-¨-K-kv- tbm-K-Øn¬- Cu- hn-j-b-Øn-s‚- t]-cn¬- \-S-∂- thm-s´-Sp-∏n¬- Iu-¨-kn¬- ]-th-i-\-sØ- F-Xn¿-Ø- hn- m-K-Øn-\m-Wv- q-cn-]-£w-e-`n-®-Xv.- C-tX-Øp-S¿-∂v- kn.-B¿.-Zm-kv- A-

[y-£-]-Z-sam-gn-™p.- kn.B¿.-Zm-kpw- tam-Øo-em¬- s\-lp-

hpw- cq-]w- \¬-In-b- kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿-ń- 1923 P-\p-h-cn-bn¬- ]-h¿-Ø-\-am-cw- n-®p.-Fw.-B¿.-P-b-I¿,- hn-X¬-`m-bv- ]-t´¬- Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿-Cu- \o-°-sØ- A-\p-Iq-en-®p.- tIm-¨-K-kv-˛-Jn-em-^-Øv- kz-cm-Py- ]m¿-ń,- kz-cm-Pn-Ãv- ]m¿- n- F-∂o- t]-cp-I-fn-epw- Cu- ]-ÿm-\w- A-dn-b-s∏-´p.- kn.-B¿.-Zm-kv- ]m¿-ń-bp-sS- ]-kn-U-‚m-bn.- tam-Øo-em¬- s\-lp- hm-bn-cp-∂p- sk-I-´-dn-am-cn-sem-cmƒ.- ]m¿-ń-bp-sS- B-Zy- cm-jv-So-b- k-tΩ-f-\w- 1923 am¿-

®n¬- A-e-l-_m-Zn-em-Wv- \-S-∂-Xv.-Cu- ]m¿-ń-°v- C-¥y-≥ \m-j-W¬- tIm-¨-K-kp-am-bn- B-i-b-]-c-am-b- `n-∂-X-sbm-∂pw- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- A-Xv- tIm- -K-kn-s‚- L-S-I-am-bn-Ø-s∂- \n-e-sIm-≠p.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿- n-°v- A-Xn-s‚- e-£y-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-am-bn- ]-h¿-Øn-°m-≥ 1923˛-se-tIm-¨-K-kn-s‚- sU¬-ln-bn¬-tN¿-∂- ]-tXy-I- k-tΩ-f-\w- A-\p-a-Xn- \¬-Ip-I-bpw-A-tX-h¿-jw- Im-°n-\-U-bn¬- tN¿-∂- hm¿-jn-I- k-tΩ-f-\w- A-Xv- dm-‰n-ss^- sN-øp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- 1923˛-se- Iu-¨-kn¬- C-e-£-\n¬- ]m¿- n- ÿm-\m¿-Yn-Iƒ- a-’-cn-°p-I-bpw- Iu- -kn-en-te-°v- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- en-_-d¬- ]m¿-ń- t\-Xm-hv- kp-tc-µ-\m-Yv- _m-\¿-Pn-sb- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿-ń-°v- i-t≤-b-am-b-H-cp- cm-jv-So-b- Np-h-Sp-h-bv-]m-bn.- sk-≥S¬-s]m-hn-≥k-kn-se- ]-hn-iy- A-kw-ªn-bn¬-kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿-ń- q-cn-]-£w- ko-‰p-Iƒ- t\-Sn.-_w-Km-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- cm-jv-So-b- I-£n-bm-bn.- B- m-an-epw- bp-ssW-‰-Uv- s]m-hn-≥kn-epw- c-≠m-a-sØ- h-en-b- Kq-∏m-bn.-sk-≥S¬- se-Pn-t…-‰o-hv- A-kw-ªn-bn¬- B-sI-bp-≈- 104ko-‰n¬- 42 F-Æw- kz-cm-Pn-Ãp-Iƒ- ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-Øp.-

ap-l-Ω-Zv- A-en- Pn-∂-bp-sS- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈- kz-X-¥-≥am-cp-sS- Kq-∏p-am-bn- kz-cm-Pn-Ãp-Iƒ- k-Jy-Øn-te¿-s∏- p.- Cu- k-Jyw-\m-j-W-en-Ãv- ]m¿-ń- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´p.- C-h-cp-sS- Aw-K-_-ew- 72 B-bn-cp-∂p.- X-∑q-ew-A-h¿-°v- t\m-an-t\-‰-Uv- A-\u-tZym-Kn-Imw-K-ß-sf-b-bpw- 39 F-Æw- h-cp-∂- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- Aw-K-ß-sf-bpw- B-i-bn-®p-\n-∂n-cp-∂-K-h-¨-sa-‚n-s‚- ]-e- \o-°-ßƒ-°pw- X-S-

bn-Sm-≥ km-[n-®p.- bq-tdm-]y-≥am¿-°m-bn- D-Zm-c-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- Dƒ-s°m-≈n-®v- X-øm-dm-°n-b- eo- I-Ωn-j-≥ dn-t∏m¿-´v- 1924 sk-]v-Xw-_-dn¬- A-kw-ªn- X-≈n-°-f-™-Xv- ]-[m-\-am-bpw- tam-Øn-em¬- s\-lp-hn-s‚- ]-cn-i-a- ^-e-am-bn-´m-bn-cp-∂p.-C-¥y-°m-cp-sS-\ym-b-am-b- ]-e- B-h-iy-ß-fpw- kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿-ń-°m¿- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`-bn¬- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®p.- ]-hn-iy-I-fn-se- Zzn-`-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®v- ]-Tn-°m-≥ _n-ó-jv- k¿-°m¿- ap-Un-am-≥ I-Ωn-‰n-sb- \n-tbm-Kn-°m-≥ t]-cn-X-am-b-Xv- C-h-cp-sS- k-Ω¿-±- -e-am-bn- m-bn-cp-∂p.- D-Ø-c-hm-Z- -c-Ww- ÿm-]n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v- N¿-®-sN-øp-∂-Xn-\v- h-´-ta-i- k-tΩ-f-\w-hn-fn-®p- tN¿-°m-≥ ip-]m¿-i- sN-bv-X-Xv- ap-Õn-am-≥ I-Ωn-‰n-bm-Wv.- 1925˛¬- hn-Ø¬-`m-bv- ]-t´¬- sk-≥S¬- e-Pn-t…-‰o-hv- A-kw-ªn-bp-sS- A-[y-£-\m-bn.-

]m¿-e-sa-‚-dn- hm-Z-]-Xn-hm-Z-ß-fn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-°¬,- \-S-]-Sn-I-a-ß-fn¬- hn-´p-\n¬-°¬- Xp-S-ßn-b- \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ- F-Sp-sØ-¶n-epw- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`-bp-sS- ]-cn-an-X-am-b-A-[n-Im-c- ]-cn-[n-°p-≈n¬- \n-∂p-sIm-≠p-≈- ]-h¿-Ø-\w-sIm-≠v- A-Xn-s‚- ÿm-]n-X-e-£yw- t\-Sp-∂-Xn¬- hn-P-bn-°m-≥ kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿-ń-°v- I-gn-™n-√.-

1925 Pq-¨- 16˛-\v- kn.-B¿.-Zm-kv- A-¥-cn-®-Xv- kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿- n-°v- I-\-Ø- Xn-cn-®-Sn-bm-bn.- tam-Øo-em¬- s\-lp- tIm- -K-kn-te-°v- a-S-ßp-I-bpw-Iq-Sn- sN-bv-X-tXm-sS- kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿- n- Zp¿-_-e-am-bn.- 1927 -se- Xn-c-s™-

Sp-∏n¬- ]m¿-ń- 40 ko-‰p-Iƒ- t\-Sn.- 1929˛¬-tIm-¨-K-kv- ]q¿-W- kz-cm-Pv- ]-ta-bw- ]m-km-°p-I-bpw- Xp-S¿-∂v- kn-hn¬- B-⁄m-ew-L-\- ]-ÿm-\-Øn¬- A-Wn-tN-cp-∂-Xn-\v- Aw-K-ß-tfm-Sv- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`-bn-se-Aw-K-Xzw- cm-Pn-h-bv-°-W-sa-∂v- B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- A-tXm-sS- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k- -Iƒ-°p-≈n¬-\n-∂v- K-h- -sa-‚n-t\m-Sv- \n- -l-I-c-W-\-bw- ]p-e¿-Øp-∂- co-Xn-bv-°pw- io-L-am-b- ]-cy-h-km-\-am-bn.- kzm-X-¥y-Øn-te-°p-≈- C-¥y-bp-sS- bm-X-bv-°v-A-X- h-en-b- kw- m-h-\-sbm-∂pw- A¿-∏n-°m-≥ kz-cm-Pv- ]m¿-ń-°v- km-[n-®n-√- F-¶n¬-°q-Sn- ]p-Xn-Im-cm-Py- ]-Z-hn- \¬-Ip-∂-Xp- kw-_-‘-am-b- `-c-W-]-cn-jv-Im-c-ßƒ- sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\v- A-[n-Ir-X-cp-sS-ta¬- t]-c-I-i-

‡n-bm-Im-≥ A-Xn-s‚- ]-h¿-Ø-ßƒ-°v- H-cp- ]-cn-[n-h-sc- I-gn-™n-´p-≠v.

eo IΩnj≥ dnt∏m¿´pw (1924)]ªnIv k¿hokv IΩnjs‚

cq]hXvIcWhpw (1926)1912˛¬- ]-ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kn-s\-°p-dn-®v- ]-

T-\w- \-S-Øm-≥ C-kv-en-Mv-S-¨- A-[y-£-\m-bn- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®- tdm-b¬- I-Ωn-j-≥ \m-en-sem-∂v- D-∂-X- X-kv-Xn-I-I-fn-te-°v- C-¥y-°m-cn¬- \n-∂v- \n-b-a-\w- \-S-Ø-W-sa-∂v- in-]m¿-i- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p.- F-∂m¬,- 1918˛¬-sam-t≠-Kp-˛-sNw-kv-t^m¿-Uv- dn-t∏m¿-´v- C-Xv-aq-∂n-sem-∂m-bn- D-b¿-Øn-b-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v-tdm-b¬- I-Ωn-j-≥ in-]m¿-i-Iƒ- A-]-k-‡-am-bn.- Cu- km-l-N-cy-Øn-em-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se- D-∂-X-X-e- D-tZym-K-ÿ-hr-µ-Øn-s‚-hw-io-b-L-S-\- ]-cn -tim-[n-°p-∂-Xn-\v -1923˛¬- _n-ó-jv- K-h-¨-sa-‚ v- eo- ]-`p- A-[y-£-\m-bn- H-cp- k-an-Xn-sb- \n-tbm-Kn-®-Xv.-Xp-ey-F-Æw- _n-ó-jp-Im-cpw- C-¥y-°m-cp-a-S-ßn-b- Cu- k-an-Xn- 1924˛¬- k-a¿-∏n-®- dn-t∏m¿-ń-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv- 1926 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- H-∂n-\v- k¿- tdm-kv- _m¿-°¿- sN-b¿-am-\m-bn- ]-ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- I-Ωn-j-≥ C-¥y-bn¬- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv.- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv-1935˛-se- K-h.-Hm-^v- C-¥y- B-Iv-Sv- ]-Im-cw-C-Xv- s^-U-d¬- ]-ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- I-Ωn-j-\m-bpw- kzm-X-¥ym-\-¥-cw- 1950˛¬- `-c-W-L-S-\m- ÿm-]-\-am-b- bq-Wn-b-≥ ]-ªn-Iv-k¿-ho-kv- I-Ωn-j-\m-bpw- cq-]m-¥-c-s∏-´p.

_Sve¿ IΩn‰n (1927˛29)_n-ó-jv- C-¥y-bv-°pw- \m-´p-cm-Py-ßƒ-

°p-an-S-bn-ep-≈- _-‘w- ]-cn-tim-[n-®v- dn-t∏m¿-´v- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn- C¿-hn-≥ ]-`p- ssh-tkm-bn-bm-bn-cn-s°- 1927 Un-kw-_-dn¬- k¿- lm¿-tIm¿-´v- _-Sv-e-dp-sS- A-[y-£-X-bn¬- \n-b-an-X-am-b- aq-∂w-K-k-an-Xn-bm-Wv- _-Sv-e¿- I-Ωn-‰n- F-∂p-a-dn-b-s∏- - C-¥ym-tÃ-‰v-kv- I-Ωn-‰n.- 1928 P-\p-h-cn- 14˛-\v- I-Ωn-‰n- \yq-U¬-ln-bn-se-Øn.-

C-¥y-°v- sUm-an-\n-b-≥ ]-Z-hn- A-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬- tIm- -K-kn-\v- ap-≥Xq-°-ap-≈- H-cp- tI-µ-k¿-°m¿- h-cp-sa-∂v- \m-´p-cm-Pm-°-≥am¿- B-i-¶-s∏-´p.- F-∂m¬,- N¿-®-Iƒ- ]p-tcm-K-an-®-t∏mƒ- tI-µ-Øn¬- s^-U-d¬- K-h-¨-sa-‚ v- ÿm-]n-°p-I- F-∂- B-i-bw- A-\p-Iq-en-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw-sUm-an-\n-b-≥ ]-Z-hn-bp-sS- ]-iv-\w- \n-»-_v-Z-am-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- tI-µ-Øn¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-tb-°m-hp-∂- tIm- -K-kv- q-cn-]-£-k¿-°m-cn-s\- `-b-t°-≠- km-l-N-cyw- \m-´p-cm-Pm-°-≥am¿-°v- D-≠m-°m-Ø- X-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- s -U-d¬- kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-\p-th-≠n- \n¿-t±-in-°-s∏-´- k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ.-

1929 s^-_p-h-cn- 14˛-\v- k-a¿-∏n-°-s∏-´-_-Sv-e¿- I-Ωn-‰n- dn-t∏m¿-´v- \m-´p-cm-Py-ßƒ-°-\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- \m-´p-cm-Pm-°-≥am-cp-sS-ta¬- _n- o-jv- cm-P-knw-lm-k-\-Øn-\p-≈- ]-c-am-[n-Im-cw,- A-]-Im-cw- X-s∂- \n-e-\n¿-Ø-W-sa∂mWv (‘Paramoutcy mustremain paramount.’) IΩn-‰n- ip-]m¿-i- sN-bv-X-Xv.-

kn.B¿.Zmkv

tamØoem¬ s\lp

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 19

* C¥ybnse G‰hpw \ofw IqSnbsdbn¬th ]meamWv h√m¿]mSw]mew (4.62 In.-ao.-)- A-Y-hm- th-º-\m-Sv-sd-bn¬-∏m-ew.- C-Xv- Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se-X-s∂- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- ]m-e-am-Wv.-

*- -I-S¬- h-f¿-Øn-b- \m-Sv- F-∂- A-]-c-\m-aw- t]m¿-®p-K-en-s‚-Xm-Wv.-

*- -jm-P-lm-≥ N-I-h¿-Øn- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®-c-≠-c-°n-tem- Xq-°-ap-≈- 200 ap-l-dn-s‚-\m-W-b-am-Wv- tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- `m-cw-Iq-Sn-b- \m-W-bw- F-∂- hn-ti-j-W-tØm-sS- Kn-∂-kv- _p-°n¬- ÿm-\w- ]n-Sn-®-Xv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- £o-c-X-e-ÿm-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Kp-P-dm-Øn-se- B-\-µv- B-Wv.-

*- -\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn-\p-ti-jw- 1929 ap-X¬- 1933h-sc- F-kv.-F-≥.-Un.-]n.-tbm-Kw- ]-kn-U-‚m-bn- ]-h¿-Øn-®- am-[-h-≥ ssh-Zy-cm-Wv- tbm-K-Øn-s‚- c-≠m-a-sØ- ]-kn-U-‚ v.- F-kv.-F-≥.-Un.-]n.-tbm-K-Øn-s‚- c-≠m-a-sØ- sk-I- -dn- F-≥.-Ir-jv-W-\m-Wv- (1915 -16).-

*- -td-Pn-Mv- ssd-t\m- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- bp-≤-°-∏-em-Wv- sF-F-≥F-kv- _-“-]p-X.-

*- -d-jy-≥ k-l-I-c-W-tØm-sS- C-¥y- hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø- kq-∏¿- tkm-Wn-Iv- an-ssk-em-Wv- _-t“m-kv.- C-¥y-bn-se- _-“-]p-X,- d-jy-bn-se- tam-kv-I-h- F-∂o- \-Zn-I-fp-sS- t]-cn¬-\n-∂v- _-t“m-kv- F-∂- hm-°v- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv.-

*- -A-¥¿-hm-ln-\n-bn¬-\n-∂v- hn-t£-]n-°m-hp-∂- _m-en-Ãn-Iv- an-ssk-em-Wv- km-K-cn-I- sI-˛-15.- C-Xn-\v- B-W-hm-bp-[-sØ-h-ln-°m-≥ ti-jn-bp-≠v.-

*- -Un-B¿-Un-H- hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø- aƒ-ń-_m-c¬- tdm-°-‰v- tem-©n-Mv- kw-hn-[m-\-am-Wv- ]n-\m-I.-

*- -C-¥y-bpw- ^m-≥kpw- kw-bp-‡-am-bn- hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-∂- q-X-e-˛-thym-a- an-ssk-em-Wv- A-kv-X.-

*- -_-“m-\-µ- in-h-tbm-Kn-bp-sS- B-Zy- ]p-kv-X-I-am-b- kn-≤m-\p- q-Xn-bn¬- t£-Xm-Nm-c-ß-tfm-Sv- A-\p-_-‘n-®p-≈- h-Xw,-]q-P- F-∂n-h-sbm-s°- \n-c¿-Y-I-am-sW-∂v- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p.-

*- -tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-c-Øn-ep-≈-In-°-‰v- Ku-≠m-Wv- ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-in-se Chail. 1893˛¬- \n¿-an-®- C-Xv- k-ap-Z-\n-c-∏n¬-\n-∂v- 2444 ao-‰¿- D-b-c-Øn-em-Wv.-

*- -sIm-®n- sa-tSm- sS-bn-\n-s‚- sl-Uv- sse-‰v- cq-]-I-ev-]-\- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv- B-\-s°m-ºn-s‚- B-Ir-Xn-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -`-c-W-L-S-\m- \n¿-am-W-k-`-bn¬- Aw-K-am-b- G-I- ap-…nw- h-\n-X-bm-Wv BegumQudsia Aizaz Rasul (1908–2001).

* tIcf-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- C-¥y-≥ C-≥Ãn-‰yq-´v- Hm-^v- am-t\-Pv-sa-‚ v- ÿm-]n-X-am-b-Xv- tIm-gn-t°m-´m-Wv.-

*- -Sm-t_m- _p-≤-a-X- sam-Wm-Ã-dn- ln-am-N¬-]-tZ-in-em-Wv.-

*- -tIm- -K-kp-Im-c-\-√m-Ø- B-Zy- tem-Iv-k- m- kv-]o-°¿- \o-ew- sd-Õn-bm-Wv- (1977).-

*- 1941 -em-Wv- hn-im-J-]- -W-Øv- ln-µp-ÿm-≥ jn-∏v-bm¿-Uv- en-an-‰-Uv- B-cw-`n-®-Xv.-2009˛¬- C-Xn-s\- jn-∏n-Mv- a-¥m-e-b-Øn-s‚- Io-gn¬-\n-∂v- ]-Xn-tcm-[- a-¥m-e-b-Øn-s‚- Io-gn-te-°v- am-‰n.-

*- kz-X-¥- C-¥y-bn¬- ln-µp-ÿm-≥ jn-∏v-bm¿-Un¬- \n¿-an-®- B-Zy- I-∏¬- 1948˛¬-]-[m-\-a-¥n- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp- cm-

io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn-s‚ BZy-sØ

kp-“Wy- ]Xn-jv-T Fhn-sSbm-Wv?jv-S-Øn-\v- k-a¿-∏n-®- P¬- D-j-bm-Wv.-

*- -B-W-thm¿-Pw-sIm-≠v- N-en-°p-∂- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- A-¥¿-hm-ln-\n-bm-Wv-sF-F-≥F-kv- N-I.- Cu- A-¥¿- hm-ln-\n- 1967˛¬- sI-˛-43 F-∂- t]-cn¬- tkm-hn-b-‰v - bq-Wn-b-\n-em-Wv- \n¿-an-®-Xv. -1987˛¬- C-¥y-≥ \m-hn-I- tk-\-bp-sS- `m-K-am-bn- I-Ωn-j-≥ sN-bv-Xp.- 1991˛¬- Uo-I-Ωn-j-≥ sN-bv-Xp.-

*- -C-Sp-°n- Pn-√-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- ]-´-Ww- sXm-Sp-]p-g-bm-Wv.-

*- -c-≠m-a-sØ- sF-F-≥F-kv- N-I-sb- sI-152 t\¿-∏- F-∂- t]-cn¬- d-jy-bn¬- \n¿-an-®v- C-¥y-≥ \m-hn-I- tk-\-bp-sS- `m-K-am-bn- I-Ωn-j-≥ sN-bv-X-Xv- 2012˛-em-Wv.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- s]m-eo-kv- ayq-kn-bw- sIm-√-Øv- 1999˛¬- B-cw-`n-®p.- C-Xn-\v- k¿-Zm¿- h-√-`v-`m-bv- ]-t´-en-s‚- kv-a-c-Wm¿-Yw- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- -Ip-a-c-Iw- ]-£n- k-t¶-Xw- ap-ºv- A-dn-b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv- t_-t°-gv-kv- F-tÃ-‰v- F-∂-t]-cn-em-Wv.-

*- C-¥y-≥ \m-hn-I- tk-\-bp-sS- ]-tXy-I- Hm-∏-td-j-≥ bq-Wn-‰m-Wv- 1987˛¬- B-cw- n-®- a-ssd-≥ I-am-≥tUm-kv.- am¿-t°m-kv- F-∂-Np-cp-°-t∏-cn¬- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- Cu- hn- m-K-Øn-\v- Xm-Sn-h-bv-°m-≥ A-\p-a-Xn-bp-≠v.- A-Xn-\m¬- C-h-sc- Xm-Sn-bp-≈- ssk-\n-I¿- F-∂pw- hn-fn-°p-∂p.- 1991˛¬- Cu- hn- m-K-Øn-s\- a-ssd-≥ I-am-≥tUm- t^m-gv-kv- F-∂v-]p-\¿-\m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xp.- ap-X-e-Iƒ- F-∂- A-]-c-\m-a-hpw- Cu- hn- m-K-Øn-\p-≠v.-

*- -tem-Iv-k-`-bp-sS- B-Zy-sØ- t]m-t´w- kv-]o-°¿- Pn.-hn.-au-e-¶-dm-bn-cp-∂p- (1952).-

*- -t]m¿-®p-K-en-s‚- G-I- A-b¬- cm-Py-am-Wv- kv-s]-bn-≥.-

*- -ap-≥]-[m-\-a-¥n- N-µ-ti-J-dn-s‚- A-¥y-hn-i-a-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- t]-cv- P-\-\m-b-Iv-ÿ¬- (\yq-U¬-ln-).-

*- -kv-]o-°-dm-bn- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´- t]m-t´w- kv-]o-°¿-am-cm-Wv- Pn.-hn.-au-e-¶-dpw-tkm-a-\m-Yv- Nm-‰¿-Pn-bpw.-

*- _n- -s‚- tZ-io-b- ]-£n-bm-bn- Xn-c-s™-Sp-Ø-Xv- tdm-_n-≥ F-∂- Ip-cp-hn-sb-bm-Wv.-

*- -_-ko-em-bn-cp-∂p- t]m¿-®p-K-en-s‚- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- tIm-f-\n.-

*- -]-[m-\-a-¥n,- B-`y-¥-c-a-¥n,- tem-Iv-k-`m- ]-Xn-]-£- t\-Xm-hv,- cm-Py-k-`m- ]-Xn-]-£- t\-Xm-hv,-tem-Iv-k-`m- kv-]o-°¿,-cm-Py-k-`- sU-]yq-ń- sN-b¿-am-≥ F-∂n-h-c-S-ßp-∂- k-an-Xn-bp-sS- ip-]m¿-i-]-Im-cw- cm-jv-S-]-Xn-bm-Wv- tZ-io-b- a-\p-jym-h-Im-i- I-Ωn-j-≥ sN-b¿-t]-gv-k-sW-bpw-Aw-K-ß-sf-bpw- \n-b-an-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -ap-≥]-[m-\-a-¥n- sF.-sI.-Kp-Pv-dm-en-s‚-A-¥y-hn-i-a-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- t]-cv- kv-ar-Xn-ÿ¬- (\yq-U¬-ln-).-

*- -`-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- 352˛mw- A-\p-t—-Zw- ]-Im-cw- tZ-io-b- A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ- ]-Jym-]n-®m¬,- A-\p-t—-Zw- 359 se- hy-h-ÿ-b-\p-k-cn-®v- au-en-Im-h-Im-i-ß-fp-sS- F-≥t^m-gv-kv-sa-‚n-\p-th-≠n- A-\p-t—-Zw- 32]-Im-cw- tIm-S-Xn-sb- k-ao-]n-°m-\p-≈-A-h-Im-iw- k-kv-s]-≥Uv- sN-ø-s∏-Spw.-

*- -A-kw- I-gn-™m¬- h-S-°p- In-g-°-≥ C-¥y-bn¬- kw-ÿm-\-]-Z-hn- e-`n-®- `-c-W-L-S-Iw- \m-Km-em-≥Uv- B-Wv.-

*- `-c-W-L-S-\- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xn-\p-ti-jw-

Iq-ń-t®¿-Ø- B-Zy- sj-Uyq-fm-Wv- H-º-Xmw- sj-Uyqƒ.- tI-µ-˛-kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- ]m- m-°n-b- q-an- ]-Xn-®p-sIm-Sp-°¬,- q-\n-Ip-Xn,- sd-bn¬-th,- hy-h-km-b-ßƒ- kw-_-‘n-®v- kn-hn¬- tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS- ]-cn-[n-°p-≈n¬- h-cm-Ø- \n-b-a-ßƒ- F-∂n-h- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- H-º-Xmw- ]-ń-I-bn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- B-Zy- \n-b-aw- _o-lm¿- `q-]-cn-jv-I-c-W-\n-b-a-am-Wv.-

*- -i-¶¿-Z-bm¬- i¿-a-bp-sS- A-¥y-hn-i-a-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- t]-cv- I¿-a- q-an- (\yq-U¬-ln-).-

*- -cm-Py-k-`-bn-te-°v- \m-a-\n¿-t±-iw- sN-ø-s∏-´- B-Zy-sØ- Im-bn-I-Xm-cw- [m-cm- kn-Mv- B-Wv- (2003).- cm-Py-k-`-bn-te-°v- \m-a-\n¿-t±-iw- sN-ø-s∏-´- B-Zy-sØ- ap-gp-h-≥ k-a-b- Im-bn-I-Xm-cw- k-®n-≥ sS-≥Up¬-°¿- B-Wv- (2012).-

*- -kv-tIm- n-jv- an-j-W-dn-bpw- ]-cy-th-j-I-\p-am-b- tU-hn-Uv- en-hn-Mv-Ã-¨- a-c-W-s∏-´-Xv- kmw-_n-b-bn¬- h-®m-Wv.-

*- -cm-Py-k-`mw-K-sa-∂- \n-e-bn¬- ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b- c-≠m-a-sØ- t\-Xm-hm-Wv- tZ-h-Ku-U- (B-Zy-tØ-Xv- C-µn-cm- Km-‘n-).-sX-t°- C-¥y-bn¬-\n-∂v- Cu- ]-tXy-I-X-tbm-sS- ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b- B-Zy- t\-Xm-hv- tZ-h-Ku-U-bm-Wv.-

*- -\mw- kz-bw- hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv- \-Ωp-sS-ti-jn-bp-sS- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- a-‰p-≈-h¿- \-sΩ- hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv- \-Ωƒ- F-¥m-Wv- sN-bv-Xn-´p-≈-Xv- F-∂-Xn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv.- (‘W ejudge ourselves by what we feel capableof doing, while others judge us by whatwe have already done.”)˛ F∂p- ]-d-™-a-lm-\m-Wv- F-®v.-U-ªyp.-tem-Mv-s -tem.-

*- -kw-ÿm-\-Øv- cm-jv-S-]-Xn- -c-Ww- ]-Jym-]n-°-s∏- m¬- c-≠p- am-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬- A-Xv- ]m¿-e-sa-‚ v- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°-Ww.- A-√m-Ø-]-£w- a-¥n-k-`- ]p-\-:-ÿm-]n-°-s∏-Spw.- F-∂m¬,- cm-jv-S-]-Xn- -c-Ww- ]-Jym-]n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- tem-Iv-k-`- ]n-cn-®p-hn-S-s∏- - A-h-ÿ-bn-em-hp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xm¬-cm-Py-k- - Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂- ]-kv-Xp-X- ]-Jym-]-\w- tem-Iv-k-`- ]p-\- w-L-Sn-∏n-®v-30 Zn-h-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®n-cn-°-Ww- F-∂m-Wv- hy-h-ÿ.-

*- -B-Zy-sØ- a-e-_m¿- Pn-√m- cm-jv-So-b- k-tΩ-f-\w- 1916˛¬- B-\n-_-k-‚n-s‚- A-[y-£-X-bn¬- tN¿-∂-Xv- ]m-e-°m-´m-Wv.-

*- -sN-dp-In-S- hy-h-km-b- bq-Wn-‰p-Iƒ-°v- k-lm-b-[-\w- \¬-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-≈- D-t±-iy-tØm-sS- tI-µ- k¿-°m¿- B-cw-`n-®-Xm-Wv- ap-Z- _m-¶v.- ssa-tIm- bq-Wn-‰v-kv- sU-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- B-≥Uv- dn-^n-\m-≥kv- G-P-≥kn- F-∂-Xn-s‚- Np-cp-°-cq-]-am-Wv- ap-Z.- ]-[m-\-a-¥n- ap-Z- tbm-P-\-bp-sS- Io-gn¬-h-cp-∂- ap-Z- _m-¶v- B-cw-`n-®-Xv- 2015G-]n¬- F-ń-\m-Wv.-

*- -2015˛¬- C-kv-fm-an-Iv- dn-∏-ªn-Iv- B-bn- ]-Jym-]n-°-s∏- - ]-›n-am-^n-°-≥ cm-Py-am-Wv- Kmw-_n-b.-

*- -C-¥y-≥ -c-W-L-S-\- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-t∏mƒ-kz-Øn-\p-≈- A-h-Im-i-hpw- au-en-Im-h-Im-i-ß-fp-sS- Iq-´-Øn¬- Dƒ-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬- au-en-Im-h-Im-i-ß-fp-sS- F-Æw-G-gm-bn-cp-∂p.- sam-dm¿-Pn- tZ-im-bn- k¿-°m-cn-s‚- Im-e-Øv- 1978˛¬- `-c-W-L-S-\-

bp-sS- 44˛mw- t`-Z-K-Xn-bn-eq-sS- kz-Ø-h-Im-i-sØ- au-en-Im-h-Im-i-ß-fp-sS- ]-ń-I-bn¬-\n-∂v- H-gn-hm-°n-b-tXm-sS-bm-Wv-au-en-Im-h-Im-i-ßƒ- B-sd-Æ-am-b-Xv.- kz-Ø-h-Im-iw- C-t∏mƒ- H-cp- \n-b-a-]-c-am-b-A-h-Im-iw- (eo-K¬- ssd-‰v-)- am-X-am-Wv.-

*- -Cw-•n-jv- `m-j-bn-em-Wv- C-¥y-≥ `-c-W-L-S-\- X-øm-dm-°n-b-Xv.- ]n-∂o-Sv- ln-µn-]-cn-`m-j- Iq-Sn- Hu-tZym-Kn-I-am-bn- X-øm-dm-°-s∏-´p.-

*- -H-∂mw- tem-Iv-k- -bn¬- A-©p-t]¿- F-Xn-cn-√m-sX-bm-Wv- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -Xv.- B-\-µv- N-µv- (_n-em-kv-]q¿-),- Sn.-F.-cm-a-enw-Kw-sN- n-bm¿-(tIm-b-º-Øq¿-),-ta-P¿- P-\-d¬-F-®v.-F-kv.-ln-Ωm-kn-Mv-Pn- (lm-em¿-),- Sn.-kw-K-\- (cm-b-K-U- p¬-_m-\n-),- Ir-jv-W-Nm-cy- tPm-jn- (bm-Zv-Kn¿-)- F-∂n-h-cm-Wv- B-A-©p-t]¿.- c-≠mw- tem-Iv-k- -bn-epw- A-©p-t]¿- F-Xn-cn-√m-sX- k- -bn-se-Øn.-

*- -D-]-Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-eq-sS- tem-Iv-k- mw-K-am-b- B-Zy- t\-Xm-hv- ]p-cp-tjm-Øw-Zm-kv- S-Wv-T-\m-Wv.- A-e-l-_m-Zv- a-Wv-U-e-Øn¬-\n-∂m-Wv- A-t±-lw- tem-Iv-k- -bn-se-Øn-b-Xv- (1952).-

*- -D-]-Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬- F-Xn-cn-√m-sX- tem-Iv-k- -bn-te-°v- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- - B-Zy- hy-‡n-bpw- ]p-cp-tjm-Øw-Zm-kv- S-Wv-T-\m-Wv.-

*- -F-Xn-cn-√m-sX- tem-Iv-k-`-bn-te-°v- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´- (2012)- B-Zy- h-\n-X-bm-Wv- Unw-]nƒ- bm-Z-hv.- k-am-Pv-]m¿-ń- Aw-K-am-b- A-h¿- D-Ø¿-]-tZ-in-se- I-\u-Pn-s\-bm-Wv- ]-Xn-\n-[m-\w- sN-bv-X-Xv.- D-]-Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬- F-Xn-cn-√m-sX- tem-Iv-k-`-bn-te-°v- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´- c-≠m-a-sØ- hy-‡n-bm-Wv- D-Ø¿- ]-tZ-iv- ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-b- A-Jn-te-jv- bm-Z-hn-s‚- m-cy-bm-b- A-h¿.-

*- -cm-Py-k-`-bn-te-°v- \m-a-\n¿-t±-iw- sN-ø-s∏-´- B-Zy-sØ- 12 t]¿- C-h-cm-Wv-˛-A-√m-Sn- Ir-jv-W-kzm-an- A-ø¿,- k-tXy-µ-\m-Y- t_m-kv,- ]r-Yzn-cm-Pv- I-]q¿,- sP.-Fw.-Ip-a-c-∏,- Im-fn-Zm-kv- \m-Kv,- cp-Iv-an-Wn- tZ-hn-A-cp-t≠¬,- F-≥.-B¿.-a¬-°m-\n,- km-ln-_v- kn-Mv- tkm-tJ-hv,- k-°o¿- lp-ssk-≥,-ssa-Yn-en- i-c- - Kp-]v-X,- Im-°m-km-tl-_v- I-te¬-°¿,- cm-[m- Ip-ap-Zv- ap-J¿-Pn.-

*- -H-cp- a-Wv-U-e-Øn¬- H-cp- ÿm-\m¿-Yn- am-X-ta- D-≈q- F-¶n-tem- F-Xn¿- ÿm-\m¿-Yn-Iƒ- F-√m-h-cpw- \m-a-\n¿-t±-iw- ]n-≥h-en-°p-I-tbm- sN-bv-Xm¬- \m-a-\n¿-t±-i-]-Xn-I- ]n-≥h-en-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈- k-a-b-]-cn-[n- I-gn-bp-∂-tXm-sS- B- ÿm-\m¿-Yn-Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -Xm-bn- ]-Jym-]n-°pw.-

*- -\m-cm-b-W- Kp-cp-hn-s‚- B-Zy-sØ- kp-_-a-Wy- ]-Xn-jv-T-bm-bn-cp-∂p- th-em-bp-[-≥ \-S- F-∂v- \m-´p-Im¿- ]-d-bp-∂- h-°w-kp-_-a-Wy-t£-Xw- (1889).- C-Xn-t\m-Sv-A-Sp-Ø- k-a-b-Øp-X-s∂- h-°-Øv- tZ-th-iz-c- t£-Xw- B-cw-`n-®p.-

*- -]q-tØm-´- io-h-√-t`-iz-c- t£-X-Øn-s‚-]-Xn-jv-T-bv-°v- \m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp- F-Øn-b-Xv- N-´-ºn-kzm-an-I-fp-sam-Øm-Wv.- s]-cp-s∂-√n- Ir-jv-W-≥ ssh-Zy¿,- Ip-f-th-en-Ir-jv-W-≥ ssh-Zy¿- Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿- A-hn-sS- k-∂n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- ]-Xn-jv-T- I-gn-™v- A-hn-sS- hn-Zym-e-b-ap-≠m-h-W-sa-∂v-Kp-cp- A-\p-bm-bn-I-tfm-Sv- ]-d-™p.- Im-e-I-ta-W- A-Xv- -en-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

20 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

GK for Beginners

\oe* `q]-S-Øn¬- k-ap-Z-ß-sf- kq-Nn-∏n-°m-≥

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≥t]m-Ip-∂- B-Zy-sØ- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-≥ cm-Pyw- (2016)-

*- -hn-kv-Xo¿-W-Øn-epw- P-\-kw-Jy-bn-epw-A-©mw- ÿm-\-ap-≈- cm-Pyw-

*- -ssI-Ãv- Z- sd-Uo-a¿- ]-Xn-a- G-Xv- cm-Py-Øm-Wv-

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*- -tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- ^p-Sv -t_mƒ- tÃ-Un-b-ß-fn-sem-∂m-b- a-c-°m-\- tÃ-Un-bw- G-Xv- cm-Py-Øm-Wv-

*- -tem-I-tØ-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Im-∏n- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂- cm-Pyw-

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*- -G-Xv- cm-Py-Øn-s‚- tZ-io-b- ]-Xm-I-bn-em-Wv- A-t¶m¿-hm-´v - t£-X-Øn-s‚- Nn-Xw- B-te-J-\w- sN-bv -Xn-cn -°p-∂-Xv -

*- -G-Xv- cm-Py-Øn-s‚- X-e-ÿm-\-am-Wv-t\mw-s]-≥

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F-∂p- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂- cm-Pm-hv-*- -au-cy-hw-i-ÿm-]-I-≥*- -C-¥y-bn-se- jn- lp-hm-Mv- Xn- F-∂p- hn-

ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-´- cm-Pm-hv-*- -sk-ep-°-kv- \n-t°-‰-sd- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-

Øn-b- au-cy- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-*- -\-µ-hw-i-Øn-s‚- `-c-Ww- A-h-km-\n-∏n-

®- hy-‡n-*- -Ko-°p-Im-sc- C-¥y-bn¬-\n-∂v- ]p-d-Øm-

°n-b- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-*- -C-¥y-sb- G-tIm-]n-∏n-®- B-Zy- `-c-Wm-

[n-Im-cn.-*- -hn-im-J-Z-Ø-≥ c-Nn-®- ap-Zm-cm-£-k-Øn¬-

]-cm-a¿-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂- au-cy-cm-Pm-hv-*- -C-¥ym-N-cn-X-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- b-Ym¿-

Y- N-I-h¿-Øn-*- -hn-]p-e-am-b- co-Xn-bn¬- ap-\n-kn-∏¬- -c-

Ww- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®- au-cy-cm-Pm-hv-*- -ssP-\-a-Xw- kzo-I-cn-®- B-Zy- au-cy- N-

I-h¿-Øn-*- -C-¥ym-N-cn-X-Øn¬- B-Zy-am-bn- P-\-kw-

Jym- I-W-s°-Sp-∏v- \-S-Øn-b- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-

*- -C-¥y-sb-∂-Xv- H-cp- cm-Py-am-sW-∂pw- A-Xn-\v- H-tc- kw-kv-Im-c-am-Wv- D-≈-sXpw- B-Zy-am-bn- sX-fn-bn-®- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-

*- -kz-X-¥- C-¥y-bn¬- X-]m¬- Ãm-ºn-eq-sS- B-Z-cn-°-s∏-´- B-Zy- C-¥y-≥ N-I-h¿-Øn-

*- -sa-K-kv-X-\o-kn-s‚- kµ¿i\kabsØaucy `cWm[nImcn

]e tNmZyw Hcp DØcw

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 21

tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw h¿j-ß-fpw- 31506 - - -tIm-e-Øn-cn-bp-sS-bpw- km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS-bpw- kw-bp-‡- ssk-\yw- sk-‚ v- B-©-tem- tIm-´- B-I-an-®v- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´p.-1507 -˛- Ip-ń- B-en- F-∂- Ip-™m-en- H-∂m-a-≥ km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS- \m-hn-I- ssk-\ym-[n-]-\m-bn.-

- - -t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- \m-hn-I-Ø-e-h-≥ Un-A¬-ta-U- s]m-∂m-\n-t°m- - sIm-≈-b-Sn-®p.

c≠m-asØt]m¿®p-Kokvsshtkmbn

1509 ˛ t]m-¿-®p-Ko-kv- sshtkm-bn-bm-bn-A¬-t^m¨-tkm- A¬-_p-°¿-°v- \n-banX\m-bn.- C¥y-bn-se t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- km-am-Py-Xz- ÿm-]\Øn-\v - Xp-S°an-´Xv -Ct±lam-Wv.-1510 ˛ km-aq-Xn-cn-bpw- t]m¿- p-Ko-kp-Im-cpw-XΩn¬- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- bp-≤w (P\hcn 3) .-km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS Nm-th‰p-]S t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-sc tXm¬-∏n-t®m-Sn-®p.-1513 ˛ kmaqXncnbpambn A\pcRvP\wAkm[yamsW-∂p-I-≠- A¬-_p-°¿-°v-G-dmƒ-∏m-Sn-s\- kzm-[o-\n-®v- km-aq-Xn-cn-sb-hn-jw-sIm-Sp-Øp-sIm-∂p- .- ]p-Xn-b- km-aq-Xn-cn-bpw- A¬-_p-°¿-°pw- X-Ωn¬- I-Æq¿- k-‘n- H-∏p-sh-®p-(Un-kw-_¿- 24).- C-Xv- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿-°v- G-sd- A-\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.-tIm-gn-t°m- v- H-cp- tIm- - sI- m-≥ t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-sc- A-\p-h-Zn-®p. 1515¬- A¬-_p-°¿-°v- A-¥-cn-®-tXm-sS- ku-lr-Zw- D-e-™p.-1514 -˛- km-aq-Xn-cn-bpw- sIm-®n-bpw- X-Ωn¬-sIm-Sp-ß-√q¿- bp-≤w.-1515 -˛- tem-t∏m-tkm-d-kv- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- K-h¿-W-dm-bn- \n-b-an-X-\m-bn.- 1518h-sc- Cu-]-Z-hn- h-ln-®p.- 1515˛¬- tem-t∏m-tkm-d-kpw-sIm-√w- cm-Pv-Rn-bp-am-bn- k-‘n- sN-bv-Xp.-

- - tI-c-f-Øn¬- \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂- ]m-No-\- A-\m-Nm-c-am-b- ]p-e-t∏-Sn-sb-°p-dn-®v-t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- k-©m-cn-bm-b- _m¿-t_m-k-tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn.- I-_m-fn-s\m-∏w- h-∂v- Xn-cn-sI-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ- C-hn-sS- A-I-s∏- p-t]m-b-]-d-¶n-I-fn¬- H-cm-fm-bn-cp-∂p- _m¿-t_m-k.-cm-Pyw- ]-¶n- -ti-jw- s]-cp-amƒ- sa-°-bn-te-°v- t]m-sb-∂pw- bm-X-°n-S-bn¬- A-¥-cn-s®-∂pw- B-Zy-am-bn- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂-Xv.- _m¿-t_m-k-bm-Wv.-1516 -˛- th-Wm-Sv- cm-Pm-hm-bn- `q-X-e-io- ho-c- D-Z-b- am¿-Øm-Wv-U-h¿-a- A-[n-Im-c-Øn-se-Øp-I-bpw- I-f-°m-Sv- sIm-´m-cw- ]-Wn-Xv-A-hn-Sw- X-e-ÿm-\-am-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-1521 - - -t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- K-h¿-W¿- tem-tdm- k-ºm-tbm-b-bp-sS- \m-hn-I-ssk-\yw- Ip-™m-en- H-∂m-a-s\- ]-cm-P-bs∏Sp-Øn.-

KmabpsS \ncymWw1524 ˛ hm-kv-tIm- U Km-abp-sS aq-∂mw-tIcfkµ¿-i\w.- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- ssh-tkm-bn-sb-∂- \n-e-bn¬- C-Ø-h-W-h-∂- A-t±-lw- A-tX-h¿-jw-X-s∂- In-kv-Xp-a-kv- X-te-∂v- sIm-®n-bn¬- A-¥-cn-®p.- sk-‚ v- ^m-≥kn-kv- ]-≈n-bn¬- kw-kv-I-cn-s®-¶n-epw- u-Xn-I-h-in-jv-Sw- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- t]m¿-®p-K-en-te-°v- sIm-≠p-t]m-bn-(1538).-1525 - - -Ip-™m-en- a-c-bv-°m¿- "-]-S-hp-Iƒ-'-F-∂- sN-dp- P-e-bm-\-ßƒ- \n¿-an-®v- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-sc- F-Xn¿-Øv- hym-]-I-am-b- \m-i-\-jv-S-ßƒ- h-cp-Øn.- Cu- B-I-a-W-ßƒ-°p-]n-∂n¬- km-aq-Xn-cn-bm-sW-∂p- [-cn-®-t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- km-aq-Xn-cn-sb- in-£n-

°m-\p-d-®p.- 1525 n-_-h-cn-bn¬- A-h¿- km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS- \m-hn-I- tI-µ-am-b- s]m-∂m-\n- B-I-an-®v- hym-]-I-am-b- \m-iw- hn-X-®p.-1526 - - -km-aq-Xn-cn- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿-s°-Xn-sc- bp-≤w- ]-Jym-]n-®p.- A-h-cp-sS- h-I-bm-b- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- tIm- - D-]-tcm-[n-®p.- sN-dp-Øp- \n¬-°m-\m-hm-sX- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- H-Iv-tSm-_-dn¬- tIm-´- s]m-fn-®v- sIm-®n-bn-te-°v- ]n≥hmßn.1528 ˛ ]p-d-°m-Sv-˛- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- bp-≤-Øn¬- ]p-d-°m-Sn-\v- ]-cm-P-bw.-1529 - - t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- K-h¿-W-dm-bn- Ip-≥l-\n-b-an-X-\m-bn.-

kmaqXncnbpsSIgpØnte°v\ońb ]oc¶n

1531 - t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- Nm-en-b-Øv- tIm-- \n¿-an-®p.- "-km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS- I-gp-Øn-te-°v-

\o-ń-b- ]o-c-¶n-'- F-∂m-Wv- tIm-´- A-dn-b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv.-

- - -Ip-ń- A-l-Ω-Zv- a-c-bv-°m¿- h-[n-°-s∏-´p.- Ip-™m-en- c-≠m-a-≥ km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS- \m-hn-I-∏-S-bp-sS- X-e-h-\m-bn.-1532 - - -t_-∏q¿- A-gn-ap-J-Øv- Nm-en-b-Øv- H-cp- tIm-´-sI- m-\p-≈- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-cp-sS-B-h-iyw- km-aq-Xn-cn- A-\p-h-Zn-®p.- 26 Zn-h-k-sØ- ]-Wn-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- ]p-d-Øp-\n-∂p-≈-B-I-a-W-ß-sf- t\-cn-Sm-\p-≈- k-÷o-I-c-W-ß-tfm-sS- H-cp- tIm- - \n¿-an-®p- (am¿-®v-).-1536 -˛- C-S-∏-≈n- B-I-an-®- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-

Im-sc- Ip-™m-en- t\-cn-´p.- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- ]n-≥hm-ßn.-1538 - - -tem-d-≥tkm- A¬-ta-U-bp-am-bp-≈-bp-≤-Øn¬- km-aq-Xn-cn-°v- ]-cm-P-bw- (am¿-®v- 10)-1539 - - t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS-\m-hn-I-ssk-\y-Øn-\p-ta¬- hn-P-bw-t\-Sn.-

- - -Un-kw-_¿- B-dn-\v- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-cpw- km-aq-Xn-cn-bpw- X-Ωn¬- ]-c-kv-]-c- k-l-I-c-W-Øn-\v- k-‘n- H-∏p-sh-®p.-1540 -˛- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-cpw- tIm-gn-t°m-´p-am-bp-≈- s]m-∂m-\n- k-‘n- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°-s∏-´p- (P-\p-h-cn- 1).-1544 -˛- ^m-≥kn-kv- ]p-Wy-hm-f-≥ Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-se-Øn-t®¿-∂p.-1547 -1640 - - ]q-¥m-\w- \-ºq-Xn-cn-bp-sS- Im-ew.-1555 - - -sIm-®n-bn-se-bpw- h-S-°pw-Iq-dn-se-bpw- cm-Pm-°-∑m-cn¬- B-cw-`n-®- A-[n-Im-c-a-’-c-Øn¬- C-cp-]-£-hpw- tN¿-∂p-sIm-≠v-

t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-cpw- km-aq-Xn-cn-bpw- ho-≠pw-G-‰p-ap-ń.- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-sc- Ip-™m-en-\m-hn-I-bp-≤-Øn¬- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn.-

U®p-sIm-´m-cw1555 ˛- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- tI-c-fo-b- am-Xr-I-bn¬- a-´m-t©-cn-bn¬- H-cp- sIm-´m-cw- \n¿-an-®v- sIm-®o-cm-Pm-hv- ho-c-tI-c-f- h¿-a-bv-°v-k-Ωm-\n-®p.- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- U-®p-Im¿- C-Xv-]p-Xp-°-∏-Wn-X-Xn-\m¬- U-®p-sIm-´m-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´p.-1557 -˛- sIm-®n- cq-]-X- ÿm-]n-X-am-bn.-1559˛-1620 - - ta¬-∏p-Øq¿- \m-cm-b-W- - -Xn-cn-bp-sS- Im-ew.-1565 - - -I-Æq-cn-se- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv-tIm- - km-aq-Xn-cn- B-I-an-®p.-

- - -]-d-¶n-I-fp-sS- ssI-tø-‰-sØ-Xp-S¿-∂v-Pq-X-∑m¿- sIm-Sp-ß-√q-cp-t]-£n-®v- sIm-®n-cm-Pm-hn-s‚- A-Sp-°¬- A-`-bw-tX-Sn.-1567 - - a- m-t©-cn-bn¬- Pq-X-]- -Ww- \n¿-an-®p-.-

a´m-t©cn-- Pq-X∏≈n-1568 -˛- a-´m-t©-cn-bn¬- Pq-X-∏-≈n- ]-Wn-I-gn-∏n-®p.- C-∂v,- tIm-a- -sh¬-Øv- cm-jv-S-ß-fn¬-h-®v- G-‰-hpw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- Pq-X-∏-≈n-bm-Wn-Xv.-1569 -˛- tUmw- sl-≥Uv-dn-Iv,- sa-\-kn-kv- F-∂n-h-cp-sS- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv-]-S-sb- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øm-≥ Ip-™m-en-°v-I-gn-™p.-1571 - - km-aq-Xn-cn- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-cn¬-\n-∂v- Nm-en-bw-tIm-´- ]n-Sn-®-S-°n- \n-t»-jw- \-

in-∏n-®p.- Nm-en-bw- tIm-´- Io-g-S-°p-∂-Xn¬-]-iw-km-h-l-am-b- ]-¶p-h-ln-®- ]m-´p-a-c-bv-°m¿-°v- km-aq-Xn-cn- Ip-™m-en- F-∂- _n-cp-Zw- \¬-Ip-I-bpw- a-c-bv-°m¿-am-cp-sS- ]-h¿-Ø-\- tI-µ-am-b- ]p-Xp-∏-´-W-Øv- H-cp- tIm-´- sI-´m-≥ A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- Ip-™m-en- aq-∂m-a-≥ F-∂v- A-t±-lw-N-cn-X-Øn¬- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p,-1578 - - -1556˛¬- tKm-h-bn¬- A-®-Sn-®- "-tUm-Iv-Sn-\m- In-Ãw-'- F-∂- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- `m-j-bn-ep-≈- ]p-kv-X-I-Øn-s‚- X-an-gv- ]-cn-`m-j-1578˛¬- sIm-√-Øp- ÿm-]n-®- "-Zn-hy-c-£-I-s‚- I-em-e-bw-'- F-∂- ]-kn¬-\n-∂v- ]p-d-Øp-h-∂p.

Xplv^Øp¬apPmln±o≥

1583 ˛ ssi-Jv- ssk-\p-±o-≥ c-Nn-®- Xp-lv-

^-Øp¬- ap-Pm-ln-±o-≥ F-∂- Ir-Xn- ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn.- ap-J-hp-c-bpw- \m-ep-`m-K-ß-fp-ap-≈- Ir-Xn-bn¬- tI-c-fo-b- k-aq-l-Øn¬-ap-…nw- hn-`m-K-Øn-s‚- N-cn-X-hpw- kw-kv-Im-c-hpw- h-f¿-®-bp-sam-s°- hn-h-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-1584 - - -s]m-∂m-\n-bn¬- H-cp- tIm-´- sI-´m-≥ km-aq-Xn-cn- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿-°v- A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-In.-1584˛-1616 -˛- X-t®m-fn- H-tX-\-s‚- Po-hn-X-Im-ew- F-∂v- hn-iz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-1588 - - -km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS- A-\p-hm-Z-tØm-sS-t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- ho-≠pw- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- A-h-cp-sS- Xm-h-f-am-°n.

am¿-KZ¿-in-bm-bCw-•o-jp-Im-c≥

1590 - - am¿-K-Z¿-in-bm-b- Cw-•o-jp-Im-c-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂,- Cw-•-≠n¬-\n-∂v- tI-c-f-Øn-se-Øn-b- B-Zy-k-©m-cn-bm-b- am-kv-‰¿- dm¬-^v- ^n-®v- sIm-®n-bn-se-Øn.-1591 -˛- tIm-gn-t°m-´v- H-cp- ]-≈n- ]-Wn-bm-≥km-aq-Xn-cn- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿-°v- A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-In.-1595 - - -Ip-™m-en- \m-em-a-≥ km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS- \m-hn-I-tk-\-bp-sS- X-e-h-\m-bn.-1599 -˛- -km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS-bpw- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im-cp-sS-bpw- kw-bp-‡- tk-\- Ip-™m-en- a-c-bv-°m-cp-sS- ]-h¿-Ø-\- tI-µ-am-b-tIm-´-bv-°¬- B-I-an-®p- (am¿-®v-)- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- I-S¬-h-gn-bpw- km-aq-Xn-cn- I-c- h-gn-bpw- B-I-a-Ww- kw-L-Sn-∏n-®-Xn¬-h-∂- ]n-g-hp-Im-c-Ww- B-I-a-W-Im-cn-Iƒ-°v- I-\-Ø- \-jv-S-tØm-sS- ]n-≥hm-tß-≠n-h-∂p.- "-G-jy-bn¬- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿-°v- kw-`-hn-®- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- am-\-lm-\n-'- B-bn-cp-∂p- A-Xv- F-∂v- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv-N-cn - X-Im-c -\m-b- ^-cn -b- hn -ti-jn-∏-n°p∂p.

DZbw-t]cq¿- kp-∂l-tZm-kv-

˛ DZbw-t]-cq¿- kp-∂-l-tZm-kv- (Pq- -20˛-26).- tI-c-f-Øn-se- sk-‚ v-tXm-a-kv- In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ- kp-dn-bm-\n- m-j-bn-se- ]m¿-Y-\m-I-a-am-Wv- kzo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.- kp-dn-bm-\n- m-j- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿-°v- A-\- n-a-X-am-b-Xn-\m¬,- tI-c-f-Øn-se- ssI-kv-X-h-k-`-bn¬- _m-_n-tem-Wn-se- ]-Xn-bm¿-°n-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂- A-[n-Im-c-Øn-\p-]-I-cw- tdm-an-se- t]m-∏n-s≥d- B-[n-]-Xyw- kv-Ym-]n-°p-I-bpw- kp-dn-bm-\n- ]m¿-Xv-Y-\-bp-sS- kv-Ym-\-Øv- tdm-a-≥ I-tØm-en-°m-a-X-Øn-s≥d- e-Øo-≥ ]m¿-Xv-Y-\- G¿-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw- sN-ø-W-sa-∂v- A-h¿- \n-iv-N-bn-®p.- C-Xn-\m-bn-tKm-h-bn-se- B¿-®v- _n-j-∏m-b- A-se-Iv-kn-kv- Un- sa-\-kn- n-s≥d- A-[y-£-X-bn¬- 813]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ- ]-s¶-Sp-Ø- H-cp- k-tΩ-f-\w-kw-L-Sn-∏n-®p.- C-Xm-Wv- D-Z-bw-t]-cq¿- kp-\-l-tZm-kv-

- - -hn-√m¿-h- w- cm-Pm-hn-s\- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿- ⁄m-\-kv-\m-\w- sN-bv-Xp.- A-∂p-ap-X¬- A-t±-lw- hn-√m¿-h-´w- tXm-a-cm-Pm-hv-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´p.- Cu- cm-Pm-hn-s‚- -c-W-tI-µw- tN-µ-aw-K-e-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw- -cn-®n-cp-∂- ]-tZ-iw- ssh-∏n-≥I-c-bpw- hn-√m¿-]m-Sw-h-sc-bp-≈- Zzo-]p-I-fpw- A-S-ßn-bn-cp-∂p-(tI-c-fo-b-\m-b- G-I- In-kv-Xy-≥ cm-Pm-hv-F-∂- hn-ti-j-Ww- C-t±-l-Øn-\v- kz-¥-amWv).

a´mt©cn- ]m-ekv-

22 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2016 s^_p-hcn- 15

ae-bmf kmlnXyw

D-Ø-cm-kz-bw-h-cw- B-´-°-Y- F-gp-Xn-b-Xv- C-c-bn-Ω-≥ X-ºn-bm-Wv.- Io-N-I-h-[-am-Wv- C-t±-l-Øn-s‚- a-s‰m-cp- ]-i-kv-X- Ir-Xn.- Hm-a-\-Øn-¶ƒ-°n-Sm-thm- F-∂- Km-\w- c-Nn-®-Xv- C-c-bn-Ω-≥ X-ºn-bm-Wv.- ]m-W-\m-Y-s\-\n-°p- \¬-In-b....-F-∂p- Xp-S-ßp-∂- Km-\-hpw- A-t±-l-am-sW-gp-Xn-b-Xv.- I-cp-W- sN-bv-hm-s\-¥p-Xm-a-kw- F-∂v- Xp-S-ßp-∂- Io¿-Ø-hpw-ho-c-hn-cm-S- Ip-am-c-hn-t`m- F-∂p- Xp-S-ßp-∂- Ip-Ωn-∏m-´pw- C-c-bn-Ω-≥ X-ºn- F-gp-Xn-b-h-bm-Wv.- t£m-Wo-µ-]-Xv-\n-bp-sS-hm-Wow-\n-iy-a- F-∂- Z-Wv-U-I-Øn-s‚-I¿-Øm-hpw- C-c-bn-Ω-≥ X-ºn-bm-Wv.- c-hn-h¿-a-≥X-ºn- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- b-Ym¿-Y- t]-cv.-

tPm-k- v- ap-≠-t»-cn-bp-sS- ]-[m-\-Ir-Xn-I-fm-Wv- Im-hy-]o-Tn-I,- cm-P-cm-P-s‚- am-s‰m-en,- sIm-¥-bn¬-\n-∂v- Ip-cn-»n-te-°v,-\m-S-Im-¥w- I-hn-Xzw- F-∂n-h.- \-f-N-cn-Xw- B-´-°-Y-sb- ap-≠-t»-cn- tI-c-f- im-Ip-¥-fw- F-∂p- hn-ti-jn-∏n-®p.- sIm-gn-™- C-e-Iƒ- B-Wv- B-fl-I-Y.- a-e-bm-f- km-ln-Xy-Øn¬- F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿-a- sN-ep-Øn-b- kzm-[o-\-sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv- cm-P-cm-P-s‚- am-s‰m-en- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv.-

\n-ß-tfm¿-°p-I- \n-ß-sf-ß-s\- \n-ß-fm-sb-∂v-˛- F-∂p- ]m-Sn-b-Xv- I-S-Ω-\n-´-cm-a-Ir-jv-W-\m-Wv.- B-d-∑p-f-sb- ]-Xn-\n-[m-\w- sN-bv-Xv- tI-c-f- \n-b-a-k-`mw-K-am-b- I-hn-bm-W-t±-lw-(1996).- Ip-d-Øn,-I-Sn-™q¬- s]m-´-≥,- an-i-Xm-fw,- a-g-s]-øp-∂p- a-±-fw- sIm- p-∂p,- sh-≈n-sh-fn-®w,-Cu- ]q-®-bm-sW-s‚- Zp-:-Jw,- Ip-∏-bn-ep-s≠m-cp- am-Wn-Iyw,- Ip-t™- ap-e-∏m¬-Ip-Sn-°-cp-Xv- Xp-S-ßn-b-h- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚-c-N-\-I-fm-Wv.-

am-am-¶-sØ-°p-dn-®v- hn-i-Z-am-bn- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂- Ir-Xn-bm-Wv- am-am-¶w- In-fn-∏m-´v.- C-Xv- c-Nn-®-Xv- Im-Sm-t©-cn- \-ºq-Xn-cn-bm-Wv.-

I-´-°-bw- F-∂- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-Øn¬- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- sN-dn-bm-≥ am-∏n-f-bm-Wv-ssI-kv-X-h- Im-fn-Zm-k-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- 15 h¿-jw-sIm-≠v- c-N-\- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-b- io-tb-ip-hn-P-b-am-Wv- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- am-Ã¿-]o-kv.-

B-[p-\n-I- a-e-bm-f-K-Zy-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- tI-c-f-h¿-a- h-en-b-tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm-\m-Wv- a-bq-c- k-tµ-iw-F-∂- k-tµ-i-Im-hy-hpw- hn-im-J-hn-P-bw-

F-∂- a-lm-Im-hy-hpw- c-Nn-®-Xv.- A-t±-lw-tI-c-f- Im-fn-Zm-k-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-D-≈q-cn-s‚- D-am-tI-c-f-Øn-\pw- F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿-a-bp-sS- tI-c-f-]m-Wn-\o-b-Øn-\pw- A-h-Xm-cn-I-Iƒ- F-gp-Xn.- A-º-sØm-∂-£-cm-fn- F-∂p- Xp-S-ßp-∂- iv-tfm-Iw- a-bq-c- k-tµ-i-Øn-te-Xm-Wv.-

A-b¬-°m¿- F-∂- t\m-h¬- c-Nn-®-Xv- tI-i-h-tZ-hm-Wv.- tXm-ń-bp-sS- a-I-≥,- Hm-S-bn¬-\n-∂v- F-∂o- Ir-Xn-I-fpw- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚-Xm-Wv.- Hm-S-bn¬-\n-∂v- F-∂- t\m-h-en-se- ]-i-kv-X- I-Ym-]m-X-am-Wv- ]-∏p.- sXm-gn-em-fn- \m-b-I-\m-hp-∂- B-Zy-a-e-bm-f- t\m-h-em-Wv- Hm-S-bn¬-\n-∂v.-

a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- a-lm-Im-hy-am-b- tI-i-ho-bw- c-Nn-®-Xv- sI.-kn.-tI-i-h-]n-≈-bm-Wv.- B-k-∂- a-c-W- Nn-¥m-i-X-Iw- F-∂- J-Wv-U-Im-hy-hpw- sI.-kn.-tI-i-h-]n-≈- F-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.- k-c-k-Km-b-I-a-Wn- F-∂- _-lp-a-Xn- \m-a-Øn¬- A-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv- sI.-kn.-tI-i-h-]n-≈-bm-Wv.-

In-g-t°-∏m-´v- cm-a-≥ ta-t\m-≥ F-gp-Xn-b-"-]-d-tßm-So- ]-cn-W-bw-'- B-Wv- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- B-t£-]- lm-ky-t\m-h¬.-

Sn.-hn.-sIm-®p-_m-h-bm-Wv- hr-≤-k-Z-\w- F-∂- t\m-h-se-gp-Xn-b-Xv.-

hym-k-`m-c-Xw- 874 Zn-h-kw- sIm-≠v- a-e-bm-f-Øn-te-°v- X¿-P-a- sN-bv-X-Xn-\m¬- sIm-Sp-ß-√q¿- Ip-™n-°p-´-≥ X-ºp-cm-≥ tI-c-f- hym-k-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.- A-`n-⁄m-\- im-Ip-¥-fw,- I-hn-`m-c-Xw,- ip-I- k-tµ-iw- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv-]-[m-\- Ir-Xn-Iƒ.- A-t±-lw- c-Nn-®- bm-Xm-hn-h-c-W-am-Wv- a-Zn-cm-in- bm-X.- ]-®-a-e-bm-fw- F-∂- km-ln-Xy- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- D-]-⁄m-Xm-hm-Wv- Ip-™n-

ae-bmfw

1. ]dbp∂ Bfn\v ]Icw \n¬°p∂k¿h\maw:(F) ]Ya]pcpj≥(_n) a[ya]pcpj≥(kn) DØa]pcpj≥(Un) Chsbm∂pa√

2. "Xlko¬Zm¿' F∂ ]Zw GXv`mjbn¬\n∂mWvaebmfØnseØnbXv?(F) t]m¿®pKokv (_n) ]mIrXw(kn) Ad_n (Un) lnµn

3. "A∏pÆn' F∂ IYm]mXsØkrjvSn®Xv:(F) B\µv (_n) Fw.apIpµ≥(kn) tkXp (Un) Fw.Sn.4. InbbpsS ]m[m\ywASnÿm\am°nbp≈ hn`P\amWv:(F) kI¿aIw, AI¿aIw(_n) tIhew, ]tbmPIw(kn) ImcnXw, AImcnXw(Un) ap‰phn\, ]‰phn\

5. sX‰mb hmt°Xv?(F) hy⁄\w (_n) kpK‘w(kn) ]`p (Un) IrXLv\X

6. BcpsS XqenIm\maamWvAøt\Øv?:(F) F.]n.]tXmkv(_n) sI.ioIpam¿(kn) ]n.k®nZm\µ≥

(Un) Fw.B¿.\mb¿7. LSI]Zßfn¬ ]q¿h]Zw

hntijWhpw DØc]Zwhntijyhpambn hcp∂ kamkw:(F) I¿a[mcb≥(_n) Ahybo`mh≥(kn) XXv]pcpj≥(Un) ZznKp

8. \nßƒ°v t]mImw˛ Cu Inb:(F) A\p⁄mbI ]Imcw(_n) \n¿t±iI ]Imcw(kn) \ntbmPI]Imcw(Un) BiwkI ]Imcw

9. ]Wn+ ]pc= ]Wn∏pc˛ k‘ntbXv?(F) BtZik‘n(_n) BKak‘n(kn) tem] k‘n(Un) ZznXzk‘n

10. "dm¥¬' F∂ ]Zw GXv`mjbn¬\n∂mWvaebmfØnseØnbXv?(F) ^©v (_n) ]mIrXw(kn) Ad_n (Un)t]m¿®pKokv

11. "tIcf]mkw' F∂dnbs∏Sp∂Ae¶mcw:(F) ZznXobm£c]mkw(_n) ivtfjw (kn) A\p]mkw(Un) D¬t]£

12. kw`mjWw D]tbmKn®p≈A`n\bcoXnbmWv:(F) Blmcyw (_n) BwKnIw(kn) kmXznIw (Un) hmNnIw

13. "Ipgnshń aqSpI thZ\IƒIpXnsImƒI i‡nbnte°v \Ωƒ'F∂v cNn®Xv:(F) CSt»cn (_n) Nßºpg(kn) D≈q¿(Un) ]mem \mcmbW≥ \mb¿

14. Xmsgs°mSpØncn°p∂hbn¬icnbmb cq]w:(F) lm¿Zw (_n) lm¿[w(kn) lm¿±hw (Un) lm¿Zhw

15. ‘Technologies of Self’ F∂Xns‚icnbmb ]cn`mj:(F) kmt¶XnI hy‡nXzw(_n) kzXzkt¶Xßƒ(kn) hy‡nXzßfpsS kt¶Xßƒ(Un) kmt¶XnIamb kzXzw

16. "AXncmWn∏mSw' F∂ km¶¬]nI\Kc]m¥Øns‚ IY ]dbp∂aebmf t\mh¬:(F) Hcp tZiØns‚ IY(_n) Hcp sXcphns‚ IY(kn) knwl`qan (Un) hnjI\yI

17. "Fs‚ \mSpISØ¬' GXvkmlnXy imJbn¬s∏Sp∂p?(F) \mSIw (_n) BflIY

(kn) bmXmhnhcWw(Un) PohNcnXw

18. tImcnb InW‰nte Ddhp≈q˛CXnse Xm¬]cyw A√mØXv:(F) hnZy sImSp°pt¥mdpwh¿[n°pw(_n) InW‰nte°v sh≈wh∂psIm≠ncn°pw(kn) Zm\w sNøpt¥mdpw [\wh¿[n°pw(Un) kvt\lw sImSp°ptºmƒkvt\lw e`n°pw

19. A\p⁄mbI]ImcØns‚]Xybw GXv?(F) As´ (_n) AWw(kn) Bw (Un) ]Xyban√

20. "sNdp]b¿' GXv t`ZIhn`mKØn¬s∏Sp∂p?(F) ip≤w(_n) km¿h\manIw(kn) ]mcnamWnIw(Un) hn`mhIw

DØcw1 (kn) 2(kn) 3 (Un) 4 (Un) 5(F) 6(F)7(F) 8(F) 9(Un) 10(Un) 11(F) 12(Un)13(F) 14(F) 15(_n) 16(F) 17(_n) 18(_n)19(kn) 20(F)

°p-´-≥ X-ºp-cm-≥.- cm-a-h¿-a- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- b-Ym¿-Y- t]-cv.-

tI-c-f-Øn-se- `-c-W-`m-j- kw-_-‘n-®-B-Zy-sØ- I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS- A-[y-£-≥ tIm-am-ń¬- A-Nyp-X-ta-t\m-\m-bn-cp-∂p.-

tI-c-f- Iu-ap-Zn- F-∂- hym-I-c-W- K-Ÿw-c-Nn-®-Xv- tIm-hp-Æn- s\-Sp-ßm-Sn-bm-Wv.-

km-ln-Xy-hm-c-^-ew- F-∂- ]w-‡n-bn-eq-sS- ]-kn-≤-\m-b- \n-cq-]-I-\m-Wv- Fw.-Ir-jv-W-≥ \m-b¿.- B-Zy-Im-e-ß-fn¬- I-em-Iu-ap-Zn-bn¬- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂- Cu-]w-‡n- ]n-∂o-Sv- k-a-Im-en-I- a-e-bm-f-Øn-em-Wv- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.-

"-Nn-cn-bpw- Nn-¥-bpw-'- ,- "-_n.-F.-am-bm-hn-'-F-∂n-h- c-Nn-®- ]-i-kv-X- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-≥ C.-hn.-Ir-jv-W-]n-≈-bp-sS- B-fl-I-Y-bm-Wv- Po-hn-X-kv-a-c-W-Iƒ.-

ssI-c-fn-bp-sS- I-Y- c-Nn-®-Xv- F-≥.-Ir-jv-W-]n-≈-(1916˛-1988)-bm-Wv.- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- Pn-√-bn-se- h¿-°-e-bn-em-Wv-A-t±-lw- P-\n-®-Xv.- tI-c-f- C-_v-k-≥F-∂m-Wv- F-≥.-Ir-jv-W-]n-≈-bp-sS- A-]-c-\m-aw.- -·-`-h-\w,- A-gn-ap-J-tØ-°v,-ap-S-°p-ap-X¬,- I-\y-I,- _-em-_-ew- F-∂n-h-bpw- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- c-N-\-I-fm-Wv.- ]-Xn-]m-Xw- `m-j-W-t`-Zw- F-∂-Ir-Xn- 1987˛-se- tI-µ-km-ln-Xy- A-°m-Z-an- A-hm¿-Un-\¿-l-am-bn.-

Km-‘n-Pn-bpw- tKm-Uv-sk-bpw- F-∂- I-hn-X- F-gp-Xn-b-Xv- F-≥.-hn.-Ir-jv-W-hm-cy-cm-Wv.- A-cn-hm-ßm-≥ Iyq-hn¬- Xn-°n-\n¬-°p-∂p- Km-‘n-/-A-cn-sI- Iq-‰-≥ Im-dn-te-dn- \o-ßp-∂p- tKm-Uv-sk- F-∂-Xv-B- I-hn-X-bn-se- ]-i-kv-X-am-b- h-cn-I-fm-Wv.- Ir-jv-W-hm-cy-cm-Wv- _p-≤-N-cn-Xw-B-´-°-Y- c-Nn-®-Xv.- tI-c-f- ]-X-]-h¿-Ø-I- bq-Wn-b-s‚- A-[y-£-\m-b- I-hn-bm-Wv- F-≥.-hn.-Ir-jv-W-hm-cy¿.-

tI-c-f-h¿-a- h-en-b- tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm-≥-

2016 s^_p-hcn- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 23

* hen-∏Øn¬- \m-emw-kv-Ym-\w.- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw- 17,-806,-000 N.-Io.-ao.- I-c-hn-kv-Xr-Xn-bp-sS- 12%- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂p.-

*- -]-£n-I-fp-sS- h-≥I-c- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bm-Wv.- tem-I-Øn-se- ]-£n- kv-]o-jo-kp-I-fp-sS-aq-∂n-sem-∂v- B-a-tkm-¨- a-g-°m-Sp-I-fn-em-Wv.-

*- -sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- cm-Py-ß-fp-sS- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- `m-j-kv-]m-\n-jm-Wv.- kv-]m-\n-jv- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- `m-j-b-√m-Ø- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-≥cm-Py-ßƒ- _-ko¬,- K-bm-\,- kp-cn-\mw-F-∂n-h-bm-Wv.-

*- -Cu- h-≥I-c-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- cm-Py-ßƒ- kzm-X-¥yw- t\-Sn-b-Xv- kv-s]-bn-\n¬-\n-∂m-Wv.-

*- -B-a-tkm-¨,- dn-tbm- Un- em- πm-‰,- a-Kv-Z-eo-\-˛-tIm-°,- H-dn-t\m-t°m,- km-thm-^m-≥kn-kv-tIm- F-∂n-h- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- ]-[m-\- \-Zn-I-fm-Wv.-

*- -32000 In.-ao.- B-Wv- I-S¬-Øo-c-Øn-s≥d-\o-fw.-

*- -tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- sh-≈-®m-´w,- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- hm-Wn-Pym-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- \m-hn-I- tbm-Ky-am-b- X-Sm-Iw,- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- X-e-ÿm-\- \-K-cw,- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- ]¿-h-X-\n-c,- h-en-b- \-Zn,- h-en-b- a-g-°m-Sv,- G-‰-hpw-h-c-≠- kv-Y-ew- F-∂n-h- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -sa-Iv-kn-t°m,- sk-≥S¬- A-ta-cn-°,-sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°,- sh-kv-‰v- C-≥Uo-kv-Zzo-]p-Iƒ- F-∂n-h- tN¿-∂m-Wv- em-‰n-≥ A-ta-cn-°- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- em-‰n-\n¬-\n-∂v- D¬-`-hn-®- m-j-I-fm-b- kv-]m-\n-jpw- t]m¿-®p-Ko-kpw- ap-Jy-am-bn-kw-km-cn-°p-∂- ]-tZ-i-ß-fm-Wv- em-‰n-\-ta-cn-°-bn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- a-s‰m-c¿-∞-Øn¬,- H-cp- Im-e-Øv- kv-s]-bn-\n-s‚-tbm- t]m¿-®p-K-en-s‚-tbm- Io-gn-em-bn-cp-∂- ]-tZ-i-ß-fm-Wv- em-‰n-\-ta-cn-°-

bn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- -^m-≥kn¬-\n-∂v-kzm-X-¥yw- t\-Sn-b- Nn-e- ]-tZ-i-ß-fpw- em-‰n-\-ta-cn-°-bn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.- 21,-069,-500 N-Xp-c-i-In-tem-ao-‰¿-hn-kv-Xo¿-W-ap-≈- em-‰n-≥ A-ta-cn-°- q-tKm-f-Øn-s‚- 3.-9 i-X-am-\-hpw- I-c-hn-kv-Xr-Xn-bp-sS- 14.-1 i-X-am-\-hpw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂p.-

*- -em-‰n-≥ A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- cm-Pyw- _-ko-em-Wv.- G-‰-hpw- h-S-°m-bn- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- em-‰n-\-ta-cn-°-≥cm-Py-am-Wv- sa-Iv-kn-t°m.- em-‰n-\-ta-cn-°-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- \-K-cw- sa-Iv-kn-t°m- kn-‰n-bm-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- sX-t°-A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- \-K-cw-km-thm- t]m-tfm- B-Wv.-

*- -sh-\n-tkz-e-ap-X¬- sX-°v- Sn-tb-d- sU¬-^yq-tKm-h-sc- \o-fp-∂- B-≥Uo-kv- tem-I-Øv- I-c-bn¬- kv-Yn-Xn-sN-øp-∂- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw-Iq-Sn-b- ]¿-h-X-\n-c-bm-Wv.-(7200 Io.-ao.-)- (A-Xv-em-≥dn-Iv- k-ap-Z-Øn-s≥d- A-Sn- m-K-Øp-≈- an-Uv- -A-Xv-em-≥dn-Iv- dn-Uv-Pv- B-Wv- q-an-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b-Xv-)- ln-am-e-bw- I-gn-™m¬-G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- ]¿-h-X-\n-c-bpw- B-≥Uo-km-Wv.-

*- -A¿-P-≥do-\-bn-se- A-Izm-≥Im-Kz- (6,-959ao-)- sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-°v- ]-iv-Nn-am¿-[-tKm-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw-Iq-Sn-b- sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-sb-∂- hn-ti-j-Ww- kz-¥w.- Z-£n-Wm¿-[-tKm-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b-sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-bpw- G-jy-bv-°v- sh-fn-bn-ep-≈- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-bpw- C-Xp- X-s∂.-

*- -s_m-fo-hn-b-bn-se- ‰n-‰n-°m-°- X-Sm-Iw-tem-I-Øn¬- G-‰-hpw- D-b-c-Øn-em-bn- kv-Yn-Xn-sN-ø-!p-∂- k-©m-c-tbm-Ky-am-b- X-Sm-I-am-Wv.-

*- -C-Iz-tUm-dn-se- tI-t´m-]m-Iv-kn,- sX-t°-A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw-Iq-Sn-b-k-Po-h- A-Kv-\n-]¿-h-X-am-Wv.-

*- -sIm-fw-_n-b-bn-epw- sh-\n-tkz-e-bn-epw-

a-dn-\n-t°m- \-Zo-X-S-Øn¬- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂- ]p¬-ta -Sp -I -fm -Wv - em - -tam -kv(Llamos)

* s_m-fohn-b- _-ko¬,- s]-dp- F-∂o- cm-Py-ß-fn¬- B-a-tkm-¨- Xo-c-Øp-≈- D-jv-W-ta-J-em- a-g-°m-Sp-I-fm-Wv- sk¬-h.-

*- -Km-≥ Nm-tIm- (Gran Chaco) h\-ßƒ-Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- D-Ø-c- -a-[y- A¿-P-≥do-\,- ]-iv-Nn-a- ]-cm-tKz,- sX-°-≥ s_m-fo-hn-b- F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-em-Wv.-

*- -A¿-P-≥do-\-bn-se- hn-im-e-am-b- ]p¬-ta-Sp-I-fm-Wv- ]-m-ºm-kv- (Pampas)

* Batkm-¨,- dn-tbm- Un- eo- πm-‰,- a-Kv-Z-eo-\-˛-tIm-°,- H-dn-t\m-t°m,- km-thm-^m-≥kn-kv-tIm- F-∂n-h- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- ]-[m-\- \-Zn-I-fm-Wv.-

*- -tem-I-Øn-se- c-≠m-a-sØ- \o-fw-Iq-Sn-b-\-Zn-bm-Wv- B-a-tkm-¨- .- Cu- \-Zn-°m-Wv- G-‰-hpw- hn-kv-Xr-X-am-b- \o¿-hm¿-®m-]-tZ-i-ap-≈-Xv.- sIm-e-bm-fn- a-’y-ßƒ-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- ]n-cm-\- a-’y-ßƒ-°p-]-kn-≤-am-Wo- \-Zn.-

*- -sh-\n-tkz-e-bn-se- a-c-ss°-t_m- (Maracaibo)BWv- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-≥h-≥I-c-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- X-Sm-Iw.-Cu- cm-Py-Øn-s≥d- sX-°p-In-g-°p- `m-K-Øp-≈- G-©¬- sh-≈-®m-´w- tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- sh-≈-®m-´-am-Wv-

*- -sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS- `mK-am-b- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- Zzo-]-k-aq-l-am-Wv- Sn-tb-d-sU¬- ^yq-tKm.- Pp-hm-≥ s^¿-Wm-≠-kv,- t^m-Iv-em-≥dv,- Km-e-∏m-tKm-kv- F-∂n-h- a-‰p- Zzo-]-k-aq-l-ßƒ.-

*- -32000 In.-ao.- B-Wv- I-S¬-Øo-c-Øn-s≥d-\o-fw.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- Xm-gv-∂- `m-Kw- A¿-P-≥do-\-bn-se ( Valdes Peninsula)

* A¿-P≥-do-\bn¬- B≥-Uo-kv- ]¿-hX\n-cIfn-ep-≈ Ojos del Salado BWv- tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-c-ap-≈- A-Kv-\n-

]¿-h-Xw- (7084 ao.-)-*- -Nn-en-bn-se- A-‰-°m-a- a-cp- q-an-bm-Wv- tem-

I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-c-≠- ]-tZ-iw.-*- -c-≠p- ]-[m-\- `q-an-im-kv-X-tc-J-Iƒ-˛-`q-

a-[y-tc-J-bpw- Z-£n-Wm-b-\-tc-J-bpw- I-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂- G-I- cm-Pyw- _-ko¬.-

*- -A-Xv-em-≥dn-Iv- k-ap-Z-hp-am-bpw- ]-k-^n-Iv- k-ap-Z-hp-am-bpw- A-Xn¿-Øn- ]-¶n-Sp-∂- G-I- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-≥ cm-Py-am-Wv- sIm-fw-_n-b.-

*- -t]m¿-®p-Ko-kv- m-j- kw-km-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-G-I- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-≥ cm-Py-am-Wv-_-ko¬.-

*- -sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- \-K-c-am-Wv- km-thm- t]m-tfm.- Z-£n-Wm¿-[- tKm-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- P-\-kw-Jy- Iq-Sn-b- \-K-c-hpw- km-thm- t]m-tfm-bm-Wv.-

*- -sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- \-K-c-h¬-Ir-X-am-b- cm-Pyw- sh-\n-tkz-e-bm-Wv.-

*- -hn-kv-Xo¿-W-Øn¬- _-ko¬,- A¿-P-≥do-\,- s]-dp,- sIm-fw-_n-b- F-∂o- cm-Py-ß-fpw- P-\-kw-Jy-bn¬- _-ko¬- ,-sIm-fw-_n-b,- A¿-P-≥do-\,- s]-dp- F-∂o- cm-Py-ß-fpw- ap-∂n-em-Wv.-

*- -sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS- G-‰-hpw- sX-t°-b-‰-am-Wv- tI-]v- tlm-¨.-

*- -sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-sb-bpw- A-≥dm¿- n-°-sb-bpw- th¿-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv- tU-Iv- ]m-tk-Pv- B-Wv.-

*- -]m-‰-Km-Wn-b- a-cp-`q-an- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- I-c-_-≤- cm-Py-ß-fm-Wv- s_m-fo-hn-b-bpw- ]-cm-tKz-bpw.-

*- -tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- N-Xp-∏p-\n-e-am-b- ]m-‚-\m¬- N-Xp-∏p-\n-ew-sX-t°- A-ta -cn -°-bn -em -Wv. - _-ko¬,- ]-cm-tKz,- s_m-fn-hn-b- F-∂o-cm-Py-ß-fn-em-bn- c-≠p- e-£-tØm-fw-N-Xp-c-i- In-tem-ao-‰-dn¬- CXv hym]n-®p-In-S-°p-∂p.

thƒUv tPmK^nsXt° Atacn-°

1. The Hollywood actor who was born inAustria and later became the Governor ofa U.S. State:(a) Ronald Reigon (b) Sylvastor Stallen(c) Arnold Schwarzenegger(d) None of these

2. The Scottish author who wrote ‘Ivanhoe’:(a) Walter Scott (b) Thomas More(c) Edward Gibbon (d) Rudyard Kipling

3. Who authored ‘Wealth of Nations’?(a) J.S. Mill (b) Adam Smith(c) J.M.Keynes (d) Thomas Mailthus

4. Who was compelled to die by drinkinghemlock?(a) Aristotle (b) Plato(c) Sophocles (d) Socretes

5. The Russian novelist who expelled fromSoviet Union in 1978 and returned home in1994:(a) Alexander Dumas(b) AlexanderSolzhenitsyn (c) Ivan Bunin(d) Boris Pasternak

6. Who wrote ‘Electra’ and ‘OedipusTyrannus’?(a) Goethe (b) Homer(c) Virgil (d) Sophocles

7. Who wrote ‘Treasure Island’?(a) Joules Verne (b) H.G. Wells(c) R.L.Stevenson (d) Jonathan Swift

8. Who wrote ‘In Memorium’?(a) Alfred Tennyson (b) Wordsworth(c) Keats (d) Shelly

9. The work of Thomas More which describesan ideal state:(a) Treasure Island (b) Wasteland(c) Dystopia (d) Utopia

10. Who wrote ‘Lolitha’?(a) Vladimir Nobokov (b) Tolstoy(c) Maxim Gorkey (d) Victor Hugo

11. Who wrote ‘Walden’ and ‘Civil Disobedi-ence’?(a) Henry David Thoreau(b) Leo Tolstoy(c) John Ruskin (d) Wordsworth

12. One of the 12 disciples of Christ who cameto India in AD 52:(a) St.Jude (b) St.Mathew(c)St.Luke (d) St.Thomas

13. The English admiral who defeated theFrench fleet at Trafalgar in 1805 but losthis life:(a) Wellington (b) Arthur Wellesley(c) Louis Mountbatten (d) Horatio Nelson

14. Samoro Machel, whose widow GracaMachel married Nelson Mandela, was thepresident of:(a) Mozambique (b) Ghana(c) Nigeria (d) Libya

15. The English dramatist who is regarded as aprecursor to Shakespeare:(a) Christopher Marlowe (b) Ben Jonson(c) Charles Dickens (d) P.B.Shelly

16. The king who ruled France for the longestperiod:(a) Louis XIII (b) Louis XIV(c) Louis XV (d) Louis XVI

17. The U.S. black leader who was assassi-nated in 1965:(a) John F Kennedy (b) Martin LutherKing (c) Malcom X(d) Abraham Lincoln

18. The Khmr Rougue leader who is alsoknown as ‘Saloth Sar’?(a) Pol Pot (b) Chiang Kaishek(c) Tojo (d) Ho Chi Minh

19. Nationality of Iganatius Loyola, the founderof the Society of Jesuits:(a) France (b) Switzerland(c) Portugal (d) Spain

Great Personalities20. Whose work is ‘Pieta’?

(a) Leonardo da Vinci (b) Van Gogue(c) Michaelangelo (d) Raphael

21. The first chairman of Amnesty International:(a) Peter Benenson (b) Sean Macbride(c) William Jones (d) Melvin Jones

22. The father of Social Antheropology:(a) Herbert Spencer (b) Augustus Comte(c) Malinowsky (d) Rousseau

23. Norma Jean Mortenson is better known as:(a) Marylin Monroe (b) Elizebeth Taylor(c) Madonna (d) Mata Hari

24. The Colombian writer who authored ‘OneHundred Years of Solitude’:(a) Gabriel Garcia Marquez(b) Pablo Neruda (c) Octavio Paz(d) None of these

25. The nationality of John Locke, philosopher:(a) England (b) France(c) Russia (d) Austria

Answers1 (c) 2(a) 3 (b) 4 (d) 5(b) 6(d) 7(c) 8(a) 9(d)10(a) 11(a) 12(d) 13(d) 14(a) 15(a) 16(d) 17(c)18(a) 19(d) 20(c) 21(b) 22(c) 23(a) 24(a) 25(a)

PSC BULLETINFortnightly

1. R.N. 44588/86 Reg. No. KL/TV (N)34/2015-172. Licence No. for posting without pre payment - KL/TV(N)/WPP/165/2015-17

Rupees 5.00February 15, 2016

Views and ideas expressed in the articles published in PSC Bulletin are not, necessarily, those of the Commission. Edited and Published by Saju George, SecretaryKerala Public Service Commission on behalf of Kerala Public Service Commission and Printed by him at P. Krishna Pillai Memorial Printing & Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, Thiruvananthapuram.

G-Xv- cm-Py-sØ- a-dn-I-S-∂m-Wv- C-¥y- tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- A-cn- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂- cm-Pyw- F-∂- ]-Z-hn- kz-¥-am-°n-b-Xv- -Xm-bv-e-≥Uv-

G-Xv- t\-Xm-hn-s‚- 150 mw- hm¿-jn-I-am-Wv-2015 ¬- B-tLm-jn-®-Xv- - em-em- e-Pv-]-Xv-dm-bn-

2015 se- Corruption Perception Index¬ C¥-y-bpsS ÿm\w- 76

Corruption Perception Index ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂- ÿm-]-\w- -Sm-≥kv-]-c-≥kn- C-‚¿-\m-j-W¬-

Sm-≥kv-]-c-≥kn- C-‚¿-\m-j-W-en-s‚- B-ÿm-\w- -s_¿-en-≥

Corruption Perception Index ¬ G-‰-hpw-B-Zy-ÿm-\-ap-≈- cm-Pyw- -sU-∑m¿-°v-

km¿-°v- cm-Py-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- A-gn-a-Xn-Ip-d-™-Xv- - q- m-≥ (27)-

km¿-°v- cm-Py-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- A-gn-a-Xn-Iq-Sn-b-Xv- -A- v-Km-\n-ÿm-≥ (166)-

2015 ¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- hm-l-\-ßƒ-D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-®- I-º-\n- -S-tbm- - (P-∏m-≥)-

2016 se- bm-jv- tNm-]- A-hm¿-Uv- t\-Sn-b-Xv- -tc-J-

2016 ¬- A-tim-Iv- N-I- A-hm¿-Un-\v- A¿-

l-\m-b-Xv-˛-em-≥kv- \m-bn-Iv- tam-l-≥\m-Yv- tKm-kzm-an-

G-Xv- cm-Py-Øn¬- \n-∂m-Wv- C-¥y- dm-t^¬- hn-am-\w- hm-ßp-∂-Xv- -^m-≥kv-

2016 P-\p-h-cn-bn¬- cm-Pn-h-®- Ip-∂-Øq¿-Fw.-F¬.-F.- -tIm-hq¿- Ip-™p-tam-≥

G-Xv- ]m¿- n-bp-sS- ]-Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn- m-Wv-tIm-hq¿- Ip-™p-tam-≥ \n-b-a-k- mw-K-am-b-Xv- -B¿.-F-kv.-]n.-

ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zv- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn-se- hn-Zym¿-∞n- tcm-ln-Xv- sh-ap-e-bp-sS- a-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®-t\z-jn-°m-≥ tI-µ- am-\-h-ti-jn- a-¥m-e-bw- \n-tbm-Kn-®- G-Imw-K- I-Ωo-j-≥ -A-tim-Iv- sI.-cq-]-≥hmƒ-

tI-µ- \-K-c-hn-I-k-\- a-¥m-e-bw- ]p-d-Øp-hn- - cm-Py-sØ- an-I-®v- C-cp-]-Xv- kv-am¿- v-kn-‰n-I-fp-sS- ]- n-I-bn¬- A-©mw- ÿm-\w-t\-Sn-b- tI-c-f-Øn-se- \-K-cw- -sIm-®n-

G-Xv- \-K-c-Øn-em-Wv- dn-∏-ªn-Iv- Zn-\-Øn¬-sF.-kn.-F-kv- A-\p-Iq-e- ap-Zm-hm-Iy-ßƒ-F-gp-Xn- Km-‘n- ]-Xn-a-sb- hn-Ir-X-am-°n-b-Xv- -P-bv-]q¿-

kw-ÿm-\- bp-h-P-\-t£-a-t_m¿-Un-s‚-t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬- cm-Pym-¥-c- bp-h-P-\- D-®-tIm-Sn-°v- th-Zn-bm-b-Xv- -Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-

Hm-kv-tS-en-b-≥ Hm-∏- - h-\n-Xm- U-_nƒ-kv- In-co-Sw- t\-Xm-°ƒ- -am¿- n-\- ln-≥Pn- pw- km-\n-b- an¿-k-bpw-

Z-£n-W- \m-hn-I- I-am-≥Uv- ta-[m-hn-bm-bn-\n-b-an-X-\m-b-Xv- -kp-\n¬- emw-_-

G-Xv- kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv- kv-Iqƒ- Ip- n-Iƒ-°v- D-®-bq-Wn-\v- ]p-d-ta- ]- m-X- -£-W-hpw- \¬-Im-≥ k¿-°m¿- D-Ø-c-hn-´-Xv-˛-Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv-

2016 P-\p-h-cn-bn¬- B-tKm-f- hn-Zym- ym-k-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-\v- th-Zn-bm-b-Xv- -Xn-cp-h-\-¥-

]p-cw- Hm-kv-tS-en-b-≥ Hm-∏-Wn-s‚- ss -\-en¬-

am¿- n-\- -km-\n-b- k-Jyw- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- sN-Iv- Xm-c-ßƒ- -B-≥Un-b- Àm-h-t°m-h- -eq-kn-lm-sU-°-

Xr-»q¿- hn-Pn-e-≥kv- tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS- hn-[n-kw-_-‘-am-b- A-∏o-en¬- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-tÃ- A-\p-h-Zn-®-Xn-\m¬- cm-Pn- ]n-≥h-en-®v- kw-ÿm-\- a-¥n-k- -bn¬- Xn-cn-s®-Øm-≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-®-Xv- -sI.-_m-_p-

2016 se- Hm-kv-tS-en-b-≥ Hm-∏- - h-\n-Xm-knw-Knƒ-kv- In-co-Sw- t\-Sn-b- P-≥a-≥ Xm-cw- -B-s©-en-°- sI¿-_¿-

B-sc-bm-Wv- B-s©-en-°- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- -sk-do-\- hn-eyw-kv-

tem-I-Øn-se- F-Xmw- \-º¿- Xm-c-am-Wv-sk-do-\- -H-∂v-

Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øv- sh-≈-s°- v- H-gn-hm-°m-≥ \-S-∏n-em-°n-b- \-S-]-Sn- -Hm-∏-td-j-≥ A-\-¥-

Hm-kv-tS-en-b-≥ Hm-∏- - (2016)- ]p-cp-j- hn-`m-Kw- tP-Xm-hv- - s\m-hm-Iv- tZym-t°m-hn-®v-

B-sc-bm-Wv- tZym-t°m-hn-®v- tXm¬-∏n-®-Xv- -B-≥Un- ap-td-

cm-jv-So-b- P-\-Xm-Z-fn-s‚- tZ-io-b- A-[y-£-\m-bn- ho-≠pw- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -Xv--em-ep-]-km-Zv- bm-Z-hv-

ho- p- X-S-¶-en¬- a-cn-®- ap-≥ F¬-km¬-h-sUm¿- ]-kn-U-‚ v- -^m-≥kn-kv-tIm- ^v-tem-dn-kv-

k-i-kv-X- ko-am- s_-en-s‚- ]p-Xn-b- U-b-d-Iv-S¿ - - A¿-®-\m- cm-a-kp-µ-cw-

H-cp- A¿-[-ssk-\n-I- hn- m-K-sØ- \-bn-°p-∂- B-Zy-sØ- h-\n-Xm- Hm- o-k¿- -A¿-®-\- cm-a-kp-µ-cw-

k¿-°m¿- ta-J-e-bn¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- I-cƒ- am-‰n-h-bv-°¬- i-kv-X-In-b- kw-hn-[m-\w- \n-e-hn¬- h-∂- sa-Un-°¬-tIm-tf-Pv- -Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-

ssl-t°m-S-Xn- P-Uv-Pn- P-Ãn-kv- A-e-Iv-km-≠¿- tXm-a-kn-s\-Xn-sc- t -kv- _p-°v- t]m-Ãn- -Xn-s‚- t]-cn¬- tIm-S-Xn-b-e-£yw- t\-cn- - kw-ÿm-\- a-¥n- - sI.-kn.-tPm-k- v-

tZ-io-b- kv-Iqƒ- Im-bn-I-ta-f-bn¬- Xp-S¿-®-bm-b- 19 mw- X-h-W-bpw- In-co-Sw- kz-¥-am-°n-b-Xv- -tI-c-fw-

I-dm-®n- km-ln-tXym¬-k-h-Øn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\v- ]m-In-kv-Xm-≥ hn-k- \n-tj-[n-®- t_m-fn-hp-Uv- \-S-≥ -A-\p-]w- tJ¿-

kn.-B¿.-]n.-F- n-s‚- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- P-\-d-em-bn- \n-b-an-X-\m-b-Xv- -sI.-Zp¿-Km-]-km-Zv-

tem-I- X-Æo¿-Ø-S-Zn-\-Øn-s‚- (s -_p-h-cn- 2)- ]-ta-bw- -Wetlands for ourfuture-sustainable Livelihoods

C¥-y-bpsS BZ-ysØ Un^≥kv C≥U-kvSn-b¬ ]m¿-°n-\v- tI-µ- k¿-°m¿- A-\p-a-Xn- \¬-In-b-Xv- F-hn-sS- \n¿-an-°m-\m-Wv- -H-‰-∏m-ew-

hn.-im-¥m-dmw- sse- v- ssSw- A-®o-hv-sa-‚ v- A-hm¿-Un-\v- A¿-l-\m-b-Xv- -\-tc-jv-t_-Zn-

No- v- I-Ωo-j-W¿- t^m¿- t]-gv-k- -kv-hn-Øv- Un-k-_n-en-‰o-kv- B-bn- tI-µ- k¿-°m¿- \n-b-an-®-Xm-sc-bm-Wv- -tUm.- I-a-te-jv- Ip-am¿- ]m-Wv-sU-

\m-j-W¬- sX¿-a¬- ]-h¿- tIm¿-∏-td-j-s‚- sN-b¿-am-≥ B-≥Uv- am-t\-Pn-ßv- U-b-

d-Iv-S-dm-bn- \n-b-an-X-\m-b-Xv- -Kp¿-Zo-]v- kn-ßv- \q-dp-tIm-Sn- D-]-tbm-‡m-°ƒ- ]n-∂n- - t -

kv-_p-°n-s‚- k¿-∆o-kv- -hm-Sv-kv- B-]v- \q-dp-tIm-Sn- D-]-tbm-‡m-°ƒ- F-∂- t\-

´w- Kq-Kn-fn-s‚- k¿-ho-kv- -Pn-sa-bn¬- bp.-F-≥.- k-am-[m-\- ]m-e-\- tk-\m- X-e-h-

\m-bn- \n-b-an-X-\m-b-Xv- -P-b-i-¶¿-ta-t\m-≥ B-im-≥ kv-am-c-I- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-Øn-\v- A¿-

l-\m-b-Xv- -sN-Ω-\w- Nm-t°m- ^m-≥kn-kv- am¿-∏m-∏- A- n-\-bn-°p-∂- kn-

\n-a- -_n-tbm-≠v- Z- k- - ]o-∏nƒ-kv- tNm-bv-kv- A-hm¿-Un-\v- A¿-l-

bm-b- B-Zy- C-¥y-≥ kn-\n-am-\-Sn- -]n-b-¶- tNm-]-

2016 se- Hm-kv-Im¿- A-hm¿-Uv- Zm-\-Øn-

\m-bn- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- - 13 t]-cp-sS- ]-´n-I-bn¬- Dƒ-s∏- - C-¥y-≥ kn-\n-am-Xm-cw--]n-b-¶- tNm-]-

thƒ-Uv- C-°-tWm-an-Iv- t^m-d-Øn-s‚- t•m-_¬- tIm-º-‰n-‰o-hv-s\-kv- dn-t∏m¿- p- ]-Im-cw- t]m-eo-kv- tk-h-\-Øn¬- G-‰-hpw-ap-∂n¬- \n¬-°p-∂- cm-Py-ßƒ- - n-≥e-≥Uv,- \yq-kn-e-≥Uv,- J-Ø¿-

Sm-≥kv-]-c-≥kn- C-‚¿-\m-j-W-en-s‚- ]-´n-I- ]-Im-cw- G-‰-hpw- A-gn-a-Xn- Ip-d-™-cm-Py-ßƒ- -sU-∑m¿-°v,- n-≥e-≥Uv,- kzo-U-≥,- t\m¿-Øv- sIm-dn-b,- skm-am-en-b-

G-‰-hpw- A-gn-a-Xn- Ip-d-™- Kƒ- v- cm-Pyw--J-Ø¿- (tem-I-Øv- 22)-

G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Im-ew- tem-Iv- k- m- kv-]o-°-dm-bn-cp-∂- t\-Xm-hv- Cu-bn-sS- A-¥-cn-®- t]-cv- -_¬-dmw- Pm-°¿-

_¬-dmw- Pm-°-dp-sS- kz-tZ-iw- G-Xv- kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv- -]-©m-_v-

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o‰v t^mdÃv Hm^ok¿ - Home 2 | Kerala Public …...12. 475/14 Rehabilitation Technician Gr.II...

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