Themoslemsunrise1937 Iss 1

7/29/2019 Themoslemsunrise1937 Iss 1

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5 6 E . C o n g r e s s S t ., S u i t e 1 3 0 7 . C h i c a g o , I l L , U . S . A m e r .

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T h e A h m a d i y y a M o v e m e n tT h e A h m a d l y y a M o v e m e n t w ~is f o u n d e d b y H a z r a t A h m a d , t h eP r o m i s e d M e s s ia h a n d M a h d i a nd th e e x p e c t e d M e s s e n g e r o f a lln a t i o n s . I n t h e s p ir i t a n d p o w e r o f a l l t h e e a r li er p r o p h e t s , h e c a m e

t o s e r v e a n d r e - in t e r p r e t t h e f in a l a n d e t e r n a l t e a c h i n g l a id d o w n b yG o d in t h e H o l y Q u r a n . T h e M o v e m e n t t h e r e f o r e r e p r e s en t s t heT r u e a n d R e a l I s l a m a n d s e ek s to u p l i f t h f lm a n i t y a n d t o e s ta b l is hp e a c e t h r o u g h o u t th e w o r l d . H a z r a t A h m a d d i ed in 1 9 0 8 , a n d t h ep r e s e n t H e a d o f th e M o ' ve m e n t is h i s s e c o n d s u c c e s s o r , H a z r a t M i r z aB a s h i r u d - D i n M a l m m d A h m a d u n d e r w h o s e d i re c t io n s t h e M o v e -m e n t h a s e s ta b l is h e d M i s s io n s i n m a n y p a r ts o f t h e w o r l d , t h e .f o l lo w i n g b e i n g t he a d d r e s s e s o f s o m e o f t h e m :T H E L O N D O N - - \ . ( .2- N I ~ .~ Z . E s q ..M O F , Q U E . A o t a n i ' c h o . - 2 . C l m m e 6 0 1 .

6 3 M e l r o s e R o a d . :- N a d a K u . I Q dm ( J a p a n ~ .S o h th f i e k l s . . M O H A M M A D S H A I I FL o n d o n . S ; \ V . 18 . M A L I K .E n g l a n d . - . ' i a M i l a z z o N o , 3 .T H E A F I M A D I V Y A P i an o . 5, ln tk ', 'm o 2 2 . .M O V E M E N T I N I S L A M R o m e { I t a l y ) .S u f i 3 I . R . B e n g a l e e M . : \ ; . - 3 i : \ I . 1 K A Z I Z A I l M A I )5 6 C o n g r e s s ~ t . . K H A N .S u i t e 1 3 0 7 ~a P e i o d j e . O e d i k . . . ." " * ': r : . - - - . r( h m a g o . ] l h n o ls . G a n g I . N o . 2 / . 7U . S . . A m e r i c a . . . . . " . :. I a t a v m ( .. J a v a } .T H E A H M A 1 )1 V V A D r . 3 1 O H : \ M ~ I A D I ) I N .M ( ) V E M E N T . = " 1 ,0 m in a S t r e e t . 4 9 . :

P. 0. B o x 7 2 7 . " " l ' , e lgrat l e . :: L a g O s I S . N i g i ' r i a ) [.:. M . R A M Z A N , . \ I 3 . IL " A .B , \ \ k A f r i c a . . C / o l ) r . : . M o h a m m ~ t d f l ' a h a .T H E A H M A D I Y : V A3 I C _ ) V E M F 2 N T . _ . "P . O . B o x 5 5 4/ N a i r o b i ,K e n y a C o l o n v .( B . E . A f r i c a ) .T H E A H M A I ) I Y Y : \

. 17Venezue la 79 1 .B u e n o s ~ ..k ire .q ~ A r g e n t i n e ) .3 [ . ~ I C } H . X 3 1 M A D I B I . \ H I M- - N a s i r . . " : " " ." . C / 6 H.A.Re,. :. .Xx4az.B . \ . . : I . I L B . .7 . : \ k a e fa ~ U tC a .M O V E M E N T . - . . . . : : l ' , /u la l~ e s t -{ H u n . ~ a r y ) .M o u n t K a r m a l , : " . ': ' : :T H F'. A I - I M A I ) I Y ~ - A .H a i f a { P a le s t in e } . M O V E M E N T .H . A . K . . \ Y A Z ~ ( H . \ N . f h , l d C , as t. ! X \~ e st . \ f r i c a .

I",.A., L I~ .B . . . . - - . . I'~ 0 . . l h , . ~ 3 9 . - :,." {lu na di:,:y a l s lm n . I ) e l e g a t e . S a l t : l ' 0 n d ~N o : . . A k a c f a U t c a , . T I l E A H M .:X ~ )IY Y . , Ik -B u d a p e s t I H u n g a r y } . M O V F . M E N T . " - : N . A . ( ; H . \ F O ( I I . S ( ) f I F I . : R o s e H i l l , 'E s q . . " " " M a U r i t i u s . . " _.C / o H . 3 I. H . E s i n a i l . i " T H E . : \ H M A D I Y Y AP . f ) . B - X 5 51 . " M 6 ) V E M E N . T .C t i; in a B t i i ld i p .~ s . B o X N o . 3 0 5 . G . P , O . .

l - T o n g k o n g ~( 'h i n a ' ~ . P e r t h . \ V . A u s t r a l i a . .


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56 E . C O N G R E S S S T . , S U I T E 1 3 0 1 C H I C A G O , I L L ., U . S . A .V o l . I X A u g u s t , 1 9 3 7 N o . 1

C o n t e n t s ~t . i . "

F ou r V e r s e s f r o m t h e H o l y Q u i ' a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3The Say ings o f the Mas t e r P r o p h e t M u h a m n m d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Excerp ts f ro m the ~.Vri ti tlgs o f Haz ra t Mir za Ghu la n l" Alu nad . . . 5

7To O u r R e a d e r s . " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rel at ion o f Man to G od . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Sir M. Z a f a r u i l ah K han . K .C .S . I . and H i s Mess age to t he %V or ld .. I IThe P a l e st i n e P r o b l e m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12By Sufi M. R, BengaleeA ct iv it ie s o f t he A lunad iyya Mos lem Mosque in Ch ic ago : . : . . : . . . : ; 17By T. T.itus Smith (Noorul Islam)I lam' s Con t r ibu t ion to Sc i ence and C ivi l iza ti on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21By Mauh,i Abdul KareemH o w I s l am C u r e s E c o n o m i c : I ll s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; . . 25B~ James A. Williams (Muhammad Abroad)

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Mos lem A r ch i t ec tu r e . . . . . . 2 . . i . ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . 29By 21Iiss Nina Stauffer "Sta tu s o f Woma n in I s l am . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : 31By Omar Cleveland . " " " .


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I n t h e N a m e o f A l l a h t h e . M o s t B e n e f i c e n t a n dt h e M o s t C o m p a s s i o n a t e . .

W E P R A I S E H I M A N D I N V O K E H I S B L E S S I N G O N H I S P R O P H E TT H E E X A L T E D O N E .W i t h - th e G r a c e a n d M e r c y o l G o d H e A l o n e IS t he H e l p er .

V e r i h , m y p r a y e r , m y s a cr i f ic e , m y l i f e , m y d e a t h ,i a r e " fo r A l l a h , t h e l o r d o f . '~ 1 ~ - t h e W o r l d s .I , M i r z a B a s h i r u d d i n M a i m m d A h m a d , K h a l i f a t u l M a s i h I f , H e a d o f th eA h m a d i y y a M o v e m e n t w h i c h h a s i t s H e a d q u a r t e r s a t O a d i a n , P u n j a b I n d i a . lay "

t h e f o u n d a t i o n s t o n e o f th ,is M o s q u e t o d a y , i h e 2 0 t h R a b A ~ i u lw w a l i 3 4 3 H i jr a ,( C o n t i n u e d o n p a g e 3 2 )


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1. "~Va-h o nwa- l lah o . L a- i l a h a i l la -h o . . L ah u l -h am d u f i l-o o la Wal-a a k h i r a t i w a l a hu ~ l hu k m u w a ila ih i t u r j a a - o o n . ( X Y V I I I - 7 0 )2 . Y a - a y y u h a l la d h e e n a a a m a n u -r -k a ~ o 'o w a s - j u d o o - w a a - b u d o o R a b b a k t u nW a f - a l o o - l -k h a i r a l a - a l la k u m t u fl ih o o n . ( X X I [ - 6 7 ) : " . . :3. F a d h - k u r o o n e e a d l l -k u r 0 o k u n i w a s h - k u r o 0 . l e e w a - l a a t a k f u r o o u .(11-152)J r r -~ a a y y u h a l l a d d e e n a a a m a n o o + t a - y e e n 0 o b i s- s a b ri w a s - s al a h , h m a l a h am a ~ a s s a b i r e e n . ( 1 1 :- I 5 3 )

T r a n s l a t i o n . . . .! . . A .nd H e is A l la h ( -G o d) ; t h e r e is n o G o d s a v e H i m . M n t o H i n i i s a l lp r a i s e d u e i n t h e f ir s t ( l i f e ) a n d i n t h e l a s t a n d . m ~ t 0 H i m d o t h

. j u d g m e n t b e l o n g a n d u n t o H i m y e slia ll b e b r o u g h t b a c k .2 . . O e . W ho b el ie v e. b . o w d o w n a n d .p r o s t ra t e b e f o r e G o d ' a t i d w o r s h i p) ' o u r L o r d , a n d d o g o o d tha ~t y e m a y s u c c e ed .3 T h e r e f o r e . r e m e m b e r M e ( G o d ) a n d I s ha ll r e m e m b e r y o u an d b en o t u n g r a t e f u l .4 .. O Y e . . w h o b e l i e v e , s e e k a s s i s t a n c e w i t h p a t i e n c e a n d p r a y e r . V e r i l y ,

A l l a h is w i t h t h e P a t i e n t .


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4 T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E

The:Sayings of . the MasterP roph et M u h am m ad

The beheverst is related ~hat the Holy Prophet. said. " "are like one person. \Vhen one of his eyes is hurt; then his.whole body feels pain, and when there is a complaint in his.head, Iris whole:body aches." (Muslim)Abu Harai ra relates that the Holy Prophe t said, "Once .upon a time, a traveller, overcome 133, thirs t, descended intoa well to drink water. \Vhen he came up, after he had fin-ished drinking, he met a dog at the edge of the ,;veil pant-ing and licking the mud out of excessive thirst.. The trav-eller to ok pity up on tlae poor creature a n d retraced his stepsdown into the ,,veil. He filled one of Iris shoes with water-and, ho lding the vesse l in liis mouth, ascended the Well,with the help of his hands. Th en he brough t the water tOthe dog, anti thus satisfied its thirst. God became pleasedwith the traveller, at -this benevolent act, and forgave his

sins." The companions of the Holy Prophet asked, "O, :Prophe t of Allah, are .we rewarded for Showing sympatlay, itoward lower animals?" The H o l y Prophet replied, "\Veare rewarded for doi ng go od to every living creature."(Bukhari)Imran Ibn. Ha tt an reports, Once I came to Abu Zarand found him a lone in the mosque, garbed .in his blacksheet I asked him, O, Abu Zar, wily are you all alone in-this way?" He replied, "I-heard the .~loly Prophet said. 'Itis better to be alone than to keep evil company; and to. keepgood company is bette r than to be alone. To tell ot he rs to-i:ido good is better than silence and to hold your tongue isbette r than to u s e it i n P ro mpti ng others to do evil.' " .Ibni Abbas relates that the Holy P rop het said, "Do notquarrel wi th your brotlier nor deride him an d never make :

a promise which you cannot fulfill:" (Tirmudhi) i


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T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E 5

"Excerpts fro m theW riting s" H a z r a t M i r z a . G h u l a m A h m a d

T h e P r o m i s e d M e s s i a h A n d M a h d i " )( 1 8 3 6 - 1 9 0 8 ) . .

I . . . .

" " 0 , y e , b l e s s e d p e o p l e , a d o p t w i t h a ll .',,our s t r e n g t l ithe t e a c h i n g s w h i c h h a v e .b e e f i r e v e a l e d u u t o m e f o r y o u r ah, a t i6 n . B e l i e v e . v e t h a t G o d is O n e , w i . t h o u t a p a r t n e r . -Set n o t e q u a l unt-o H i m , n e i t h e r in h e a v e n n o r i n t h e e a r t h .( ; .d d o e s n o t f o r h i d w m f r o m - m a k i n g u s e o f th e . e a r t h l ym e an s, b u t t h e m a n ~ v l io - - fo r s a k es .G o d a n d d e p e n d s u p o n - -- "th e m s o l e l y , is a p o l y t h e i s L It.: h a s b e e n t h e e t e r n a l , c o r n - .~ .:m a n d m e n t o f G o d t h a t s a h , a t i o n c a n n o t b e a t t a i n e d w i t h -OUt t h e a t t a i n n l e n t o f t h e p u r i t y o f : h e a r t s . B e y e t h e r e f o r e ,pure i n h e a r t , a n d k e e p a w a y f r o m - e n v y , j e a l o u s y , a n d -a ng er . T h e e v i l - s e l f o f: m a n c o n t a i n s i n i t , a v a r i e t y o ffilths b u t t h e w o r s t o f t h e m a l l is .p r id e . - ' W i t h o u t p r i d e ,th ere w ot.tld : b e n O u n b e l i e v e r . B e y e , t h e r e f o r e , l o w l y a n dh um b le i n h e a r t ~ S h o w s y m l ) a t h y to a ll m a n k i n d . - Y ep r e a c h -u n t o p e o p l e in O r d e r t o l e a d t h e m . u n t o p a r a d i s e ; -how c a n y o u r p r e a c h i n g s b e t r u e ; . i f i n th i s s h o r t e a r t h l ylife. y e w i s h t h e m il l . Y e , k e e p t h e c o m i n a n d m e n t s l o f G o dw ith h e a r t f e l t f e a r o f H i m ; b c a u s e , y e w i l l b e . c a l l e d t o a n -sw er f o r t h e m : P r a y m u c h i n 3 "ou r f iv e d a i l y d e v o t i o n s s otha t G o d m a y d r a w y o u t o w a r d H i m a n d p u r i f y y o u r h e a r ts .31an is w e a k a n d c a n n o t g e t r id o f s in s s a v e t h r o u g h t h ep o wer o f G o d . : S o l o n g a s n m n d o e s n o t r e c e i v e D i v i n ep o w er, h e f a il s t o s la u n e v i l . " : ( T a z k i r a t u s - S h a h a - D a t a i n )

H o w o m n i p o t e n t a n d a l I - s u p p 0 r t in g l i S G o d - w h o m I . .have f o u n d , a n d h o w m i g h t y a r e t h e p o w e r s o f G o d w h o ml h a v e s e en . T h e t ru t h , is , n o t h i n g i s . i n a p o s s i b l e , w i t h H i me xc ep t- tla at w h i c h i s c o n t r a r y t o H i s B o o k - a n d p r o n f is e .

T h e r e f o r e , w h e n . t h ou p r a y e s t , p r a y n o t l ik e th e i g n o r -ant n a t u r a l i s t s w h o . b e l i e v e i n a f an t a .s t i c . - l aw o f n a t u r ew liich is n o t c o n f i r m e d b y t h e s e a l o f G 0 d ' s B o o k . T h e y a r ethe r e j e c t e d o n e s o f G o d a n d t h e i r p r a y e r s w i l l n o t b e a c -cep ted . T h e y a re h l i n d a n d n o t s e e i n g , d e a d a n d n o t l i v in g .T he y s e t a g a i n s t G o d t h e l a w s w h i c h t h e i r o w n f a n c y h a s


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6 " T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E

f r a m e d a n d i m t l im i t t o t h e i n f i n i t e D i v i n e - p o w e r s a n d t h i n k H i m to b e w e a k . H en ce~ t h e y w i l l b e d e a l t w i th , a c c o r d i n g t ot h e i r l a c k o f f a i t h .B u t ~ w h e n t h o u s t a n d e s t u p f o r p r a y e r s , t h o u m u s t h a v ec e i' t a in ty : o f f a i th t h a t : t h y G 6 d h a s p o w e r o v e r a l l th in g s .T h e n t h y p r a y e r s w i l l b e al{"sw ered a n d t l l o u w i l t W i tn e sst h e w o n d e r s o f D iv in 'e . p o w e r s as ' I l l a v e w j t n e s s e d . " M yt e s t i m o n ) : , in t h i s m a t t e r is b a s e d u p o n e x p e r i e n c e a n d n ot Iu p o n s t o r i ' e s . H o w c an a m a n ' s p r a y e r s b e a n sw e i ' e d w lmd o e s n o t b e l i ev e t h a t G o d is a l l -p o w e r f u l a n d l lo w c a n h e

b e i n s p i r e d to p r a y a t t h e t i m e o f h is g r e a t d if fi cu l t ie s thes o l u t i o n o f w h i e J l , h e t h i n k s , - i s , a g a i n s t t h e l a w o f n a t u r e ?B u t t h o u , b l es se d n l an , b e n o t s o ~ w a n t i n g ~ n fa i th . T h vG o d is t h e O n e W h o h a s s u s p e n d e d c o u n t l e s s s t a r s w i tll-o u t p i l la r s , a n d W h o h a s c r e a t e d t h e h e a v e n a n d t h e eartl~o u t : o f n o t h i n g . ~ D o s t t h o u d i s t r u s t t !m t t h y G o d w i l l failto a c c o m p l i s h t h y o b j e c t ? N ax ;, t h y m i s t r u s t w i l l d isap -p o i n t t he e . O u r G o d is f ul l o f ' u n b o u n d e d - a n d w o n d e rf u lp o w e r s w h i c h c a n l i e w i t n e s s e d b y t h o s e o n l y w h o hecom e.H i s i n t r u t h a n d in f a it h . H e f i la n i f e s t s n o t H i s ' w 0 n d e r f u lp o w e r g U n to t h o s e w h o d o n o t f i r m l y h e l i e v e in~ H i S o n m i p o -t e n c e a n d w h o a r e n o t t r u l y f a i th f t d to H i n i .

" " " . " ( K i s h t i - e . N o 0 h )T h i s . s e e d ( o f A h m a d i y ~ ' a t , o r t ru e I s l a m ) w l iic h :l l a sb e e n S o w n in t h e e a r t h s h a l l g r o w l i t t l e b y l i t t le , , u n t i l , o n ed a y , a c c o r d i n g t o ' t h e h 0 1 y ~ v o r d s o f G o d , i t b e c o na e s itm i g h t y t re e a n d a ll t h o s e . w h o a re h u n g r y a n d t h i r s t y fo r:t r u t h s h a l l t a k e r e s t u n d e r i ts s h a d e . : l 'h e lo ve o f u n re a li t y .w i ll b e w i p e d OUt o f t h e : h e a r t s o f m e n a s t h o u g h i t i s d ea d. iA n d t h e s p i i ' i t o f t r u t h w i ll b e i n f u s ed in to - b r e a s t . o n. e v e r yt h a t d a y , a l l t h e p r o p h e c i e s o f t h e s c r i p t u r e s w i l l b e f u l - l i

f i l le d in w h i c h i t is w r i t t e n t h a t l i ke t h e o c e a n t h e : e a r t h w illb e f il le d w i t h t r u t h . B u t as : is t h e D i v i n e C u s t o m , - a l l th isw i l l h a p p e n , s l o w l y . I t i s n o t n e c e s s a r y f o r t h i s gT..~tdualp r o g r e s s t h a t t h e p r o m i s e d M e s s i a h b e a liv e . I t i s eho tlg ht h a t G o d w i l l . b e l i v i n g . S u c h is t h e e t e r n a l l a w o f Godw l i i ch c a n n o t b e c h a n g e d . I g n o r a n t w i l! h e t h e m an~ w how i l l r a i s e t h e o b j e c t i o n a t t h e . t i m e o f t l~ e - p r o m i s e d M e s-s i ~ / h ' s d e a t h , s a y i n g , " W h a t h a s h e d o n e ? " T h e s e ed w hicht h e p r o m i s e d M e s s i a h h a s s o w n s h a l l u l t i m a t e l y g r o w , n o t


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. . T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E . 7

all a t o n c e b u t b y a g r a d u a l p r o c e s s , a n d - s h a l l d r a w t h eh e a r t s o f m e n t o w a r d i t . s o m u c h s o t h a t i t - s h a l l s p r e a d a l love r t h e w o r l d l ik e a c i r c l e . G o d p o s s e s s e s t h e k n o w l e d g eo f t h e t i m e a n d t h e . h o u r w h e n t h a t m i g h t y a n d c o m p l e t et r a n s f o r m a t i o n w i l l - b e w r o u g l l t . - E v e n a s y o u s e e t h a t t h eA n t i - C h r i S t d i d n o t ; s p r e a d i t s e x ; i l s o n t h e f a c e o f t h e e a r t hall a t o n c e , b u t i t t 6 o k a 1 0 n g p e r i o d o f t i m e f o r i t s s e e d t og r o w . S i m i l a r l y . t h e w o r l d w i l l t u r n : t o w a r d t h e t r u t hs l . w l y a n d s t e a d i l y . Y o u m u s t n o t e n t e r t a i n t h e i d e a l i k eth e l o v e r s o f t h e m a g i c t r i c k s : th a t t h e w o r l d w i l l b e ~ t u r n e du p s i d e d o w n i n : a m o m e n t . O n th e . c o n t r a r y , t h e s e e d o fth is t r u t h s h a l l g r o w a s t h e p h ' i n t s a n d t h e t r e e s .

F 2 "

: . . I . .

: - , . 4 . . - .

. . . , .

AS 3~:e. we nt hom e td" Ind ia on a pr o lo ng ed vaca t ion , t h e M os lem !Sunrise had t0 b e t em pora r i ly d i scont inued . A l l p ra i se be longs to .God, - "we a re ab le .to resu m e thi.~ dear W ork; th e pre .~ent i s sue , :be ing th e f i r s t i "n um h er a f te r o u r r e t n r n t 0 t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s . 0 f A m e t qc a. .!

- W e l i ft O u r ba nd s t o A l la h i n hun lb l e p ra ye r s t ha t H e m a y , ou t . o f , . , . , . , fHis in f in i t em erc y and grace , be lp .us ca r ry on th i s w ork wi th la s t inganti ! ncre as ing s uc ce ss . M a Y w e d o i t s o l e l y fo r H i s s a k e . .H e a l oneis our sou rce of s t rength , an d u p o n Hiu l a lone , do we d epend .

. . . . . ! :iXIa3r w e earn es t ly-a pp eal to ou r readei ' s to help us - i l l th is noble -.undertaking. Tile3, cal l rend er us nla terial ass is tance b y m ak in g gen erou s ""donations fo r t he M os l e m -S un r i s e a nd by i nc re a s ing i ts c ir cu la ti on. 4L ast, t h o u g h n o t t h e l e a s t , t l i e y " m u s t h e l p u s (V ifl:l t h e i r p r a y e r s . M a y . . . . "God bless them abu nd ant ly . for any effor ts the3 , m ight , pu t for th in thistlirection. - " . i',

- " . . . - . . .I t should be no ted tba t . cons ide r ing the na ture , o f t l ie wo rk tO '~ 'h ich w e a re en ga ge d , w e cannot g iv e any f ixed d a tes for . the publ lea-ti0n of the M oslem ,qunrise. W e shall, ho w eve r , brhlg o ut fou r i ssu esevery.year; by file belp and if i t be the w il lo f Allah. " .i


10/36

T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E

R e la t io n o f" M a n to G o d .ByH a z r a t M i r z a B a s h i r - u d - d i n " "M a h m u d A h m a d , K h a l i a - t u b M a s i h I I ,

H e a d O f T h e A h m a d i y y a M o v e m e n t I n I s la mWe nmst remenll)er that it is one thing merely to believein a thing and quite another to stand in alspecial relationshiptowards itl- For instance, all educated persons believe in the

existence/of the NOrth aiad South Poles, but with the exception:.of a few who are engaged in Polar researizh, nObody is spe-cially interested in them, and a mention of the Poles does-notexcite any particular feel ing in the minds Of the general lmblic.On the contrary the smallest thing connected with a person orthing one is interested in i s apt to excite One,s feelings. It is,therefore, a relevant quest ion to ask what sort of relationshipbetween God and man does a re ligioninsi st on?_ The answerto this question and the nature of such relationship Wouldcon~stitute a test of the truth or error, and the success or failure ofa religion. If a religion insists upon something which is re-.pugnant to the Majesty of God, one would have to conclude.that it has-no real fai th in the at tributes of God; or i-f it de-mands something which-though not objectionable has neverbeen complied with.1)y its followers one would have to in fer thatthat religion has failed to fulfill its object..A Consideration of the attributes of.God Which_are acceptedby ahnost all religions would show. that our real relationshipis with God alone, for He is the author of our being, .He hascreated all thin gs necessary fo r our comfort, progress and suc-cess, and our future life depends upon His grace. Our parents,children, brOthers, wives, husbands, friends; countrymen,.gov-ernments, countries, properties, rank, honour and our very livesdo not stand towards us in' any closer/-elationship than God,for' all these are a part of His gifts and He alone is the Donor.In tru th once we realize the nature of the attributes tha t havebeen described above, we cannot accept a religion as true whichdoes not require that man should love God above a l l otherthings and should respect and obey Him above all earthly-po-tentates, and should be ready to sacrifice all thi ngs t0 the Wiilof God and Should not tolerate the l)ostponement of God's corn-


11/36


mands for the sake oLother objects. It must. require man tolove God with a lbve~greater than that bestowed .on earthlyobjects of affection, and to think of Him anti remember Himmore than any other beloved one. He must not be regardedmerely as a part o f the Universe like a river or a mountain ina distant land, but mu st be realized ro be the fountain-head ofall life, the centre of all hope, the cynosure of all eyes. This isexactly wha t Islam teaches. The Holy Qu ra ns ay s:i. e . , "Say , 0 P ro p h e t : I f yozt.r pares , tS , an d y o , t r ch i l -d r e n , a n d y o nlr b r e t h r e n . . a n d y o u r _ w i v e s , .a nd y o u r h u s -b a n d s . a n d y o t t r k i n s f o l k , a n d y o z tr p r o p e r t y w h i c h yo zth az,e a cq z ti re d w i t h la b oz tr , a n d y o u r t r a d e t h e d t tl h te s so f . w h i c h y o u f ea r., a n d y o u r h o n te s w h i c h y o u lo v e. a r ed e a r e r t o y o z t t h a n A l l a h a n d H i s M e s s e n g e r : - a n d y o u rs t r i v i n r . q i n t h e p a t h o f A l l a h t o g a i n H i s p l e a s u r e , y o t th a v e n o f a i t h in A l l a h . - T h e n w a i t t il l A l l a !, is s u es a d e -c r ee c o n c e r n i n g y ot t. a , d . A l l a h d o e s n O t g u i d e t h e t r a n s -g r e s s o r s . , ( I x , 23).

A person cannot claim to be a Moslem unless he stands towar dGod in the relationship described in this verse. He ought to beprepared to sacrifice every object and feel ing for'-the pleasureof God, and ought to prefer the love of God to all other things.At another place the Hol y Quran describes a sure indica- ion 0 f the love of God. in the wordsi . e . , " T r u e b e l i e v e r s a r e t h o s e w h o r e m e m b e r G o d ,s t a n d i n g a n d s i t t i n g a n d w h e n . l y i n g dow n~ o n t h e i rs ide s / " . "

.They are so possessed by the. love of God 'that .every mo me ntthey desire to be near to God, and they are utterly lost in Hiscontemplation arid remembrance, much more than-a lover who..is lost in the contemplation of his beloved. The remembrance ofHisbounties and His excellences, and the desire to be nearHim and the longing to become One with Hiin recur to themevery moment, and whether working or rest ing standing or -sitting, walking, or- sleeping they. constantly tl~ink o f Him.Again the Holy Qur ansa ys :

1. e., T h o s e a l o te a r e . b e h e v e r s w h o s e h e a r t s b e c o m e: f l o o d ed w i t h th e f e a r o f G o d w h e n e v e r G o d ' s n a m e i sm e n t i o n e d ; a n d w h e n t h e H Z ord o f G o d : i s i ' e c i t e d t ot h e m th e ir , h e a r t s a r e f il le d w i t h f a i t h , a n d t h e y p t t t th e i r :w h o l e t r n s t i n G o d . "" (VI II w2. ) --


12/36

1 0 T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E

T h a t is to s a y , t h e y b e li e v e t h a t 11o u n d e r t a k i n g c a n b e b r o u g h tt o a s u c c e s s f u l i s s u e w i t h o u t H i s a i d , a n d t h a t a l l s u c c e s s d e -p e n d s u p o n H i s G r a ce .A t t h i s s ta g e I d e s i r e t o c o r r e c t a m i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g w h ic his p r e v e l a n t c o n c e r n i n g th e t e a c h i n g s o f I s la m , n a m e l y , t h a tI s la m t ea c h e s a c o m p l e te d i s r e g a r d o f m a t e r i a l m e a n s a ndi ns is ts m e r e l y u p o n t r u s t i n G o d . N o d o u b t s u c h i d ea s a r e e n -t e r t a i n e d b y s o m e p eo p le , b u t th i s is n o t t h e t e a c h i n g o f I s la m .T h e H o l y O u r a n is f u l l , o f v e r s e s w h i c h s a y t h a t G o d h a s c re -a t e d a ll t h i n g s in t h e w o r l d f o r t h e u s e a n d b e n e f i t o f m a n . H o w -c a n i t t h en , be s a id t h a t H e m e a n s u s t o d i s r e g a r d a l l m a t e r i a lr e so u r ce s . A t o n e p l a c e H e s a y s :" E n t e r t h e h o u s e s b y t h e i r d o o r s, i. e .. In . e v e r y m z d e r -t a k i n g a d o p t th e m e a n s a p p o in te d b y M e t h e r e f o r . " (.11, ~ .

188..)M a t e r i a l o b j e c t s a r e a l s o t h e c r e a t i o n o f G o d a n d a p r o p e r u s eo f t h e m i n a ll u n d e r t a k i n g s is a h s o l u t e ly n e c e ss a r y . A g a i n H es a y s :" 'C o l le c t a ll m a t e r i a l n e c e s s a r y f ol" s u c c e s s . " ( I V , 7 1 .)a n d a t a n o t h e r p l ac e " ,i . e . , " W h e n y ou , g o o n a j o u r n e y p r o v id e f o r it.'" ( 1 1 ,

19 6.) ~ , _ . _I t is r e l a t e d in a t r a d i u o n t h a t a m a n c a m e t o th e H o l yP r o p h e t ( o n w h o m b e p e ac e a n d t h e b le s s i n g s o f G o d ) a n d t t/ e .l a t te r i n q u i r e d f r o m h i m w h e r e h e h a d . l e f t h i s c a m e l . T h e m a n .r e p l ie d t h a t h e h a d l e f t it u n d e r t h e c a r e o f G o d , t r u s t i n g H i m .T h e P r o p h e t ( o n w h o m b e p e a ce a n d t h e b le s s i n g s - o f G o d )s a id , " T h i s i s n o t t r u s t i n G o d . T r u s t in G o d m e a n s t h a t y o us h o u l d f i r st s e c u r e / t h e k n e e o f t h e c a m e l a n d t h e n t r u s t i nG o d , " m e a n i n g t h a t t ~ u s t i n G o d is n o t a s y n o n y m f o r t h e d is-r e g a r d o f n a t u r a l p r e c a u t i o n s , b u t s ig n if ie s a b e l ie f t h a t G o d i sa l i v i n g G o d , a n d t h a t H e s t i l l c o n t ro l s th e w o r i d a n d t h e co n -s e q u e n c es o f a ll a c t i o n s a r e r e g u l a t e d b y H i s c o m m a n d . H eg u a r d s t h o s e - w h o b e l i ev e in H i m a t a t i m e w h e n t .h ey a r e not-e v e n a w a r e o f t h e d a n g e r , a n d w a t c h e ~ o v e r t h e i r a f f a i r s w h e nt h e y a r e a b s e n t . T r u s t i n G o d , th t~ r ef or e , i s t h e b e l ie f t h a t G o dh e l p s H i s s e r v a n t s i n t h e i r d i s t i e s s a n d h e l p l e s s n e s s a n d tfia t.w i t h o u t H i s . a i d .o r in o p p o s i t io n t o H i s W i l l , m a t e r i a l r e -s o u r c e s c a n ef f e c t n o t h i n g . I n o t h e r w o r d s , i t is a C o nd it io no f m i n d , a n d n o t a p h y s i c a l a c t o r o m i s s i o n . T O c o n t i n u e , th eH o l y O u r a n s a y s :( C o n t i n u e d o n t h e b o t t o m o f . t h e n e x t p a g e


13/36

T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E I 1

S ir M . Z a f a ru l la h K h a n , K , C . S .I ,a n d H i s . M e s s a g e t o t h e W o r l d

W e t a k e t h i s o c c a s i o n t o e x t e n d o u r s i n c e r e s t c o n g r a t u l a -i o n s t o S i r M . Z a f a r u l l a h K h a n , f o r t h e t i t l e o f K : C . S . I . ,c o n f e r r e d u p o n h i m b y K i n g G e o r g e V I , o f E n g l a n d , o n t h eo c ca s io n o f H i s M a j e s t y ' s c o r o n a t i o n .W e o f fe r h i m f u r t t i e r f e l i c i ta t i o n s f o r t h e h o n o r o f D o c t o rOf L a w , r e c e n t l v a c c o r d e d h i m b y t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f O x f o r d .

I t i s o u r e a r n e s t p r a y e r t h a t A l l a h m a y g r a n t h i m s t i l lg r e a t e r o i ) p o r t u n i t ie s f o r t h e s e rv i c e o f h u m a n i t y a n d o p e n f o rh im a ~ i s t a o f e n d l e s s p r o g r e s s b o t h m a t e r i a l a s w e l l a s s p i r i t -l l a l .

I t i s a p r o p o s t o q u o t e b e lo w , t h e c o n c l u d i n g p a r t o f S i r M .Z a f a r u l l a h K h a n ' s s p e e c h - w h i c h c o n t a i n s a m e s s a g e o f w o r l d -w i d e i n te r e s t . H e d e l i v e r e d . t h i s s p e e c h a s a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o fI n d i a , in L o n d o n , o n M a y 2 i , 1 93 7, o v e r t h e B r i t i s h B r o a d c a s t -i n g S y s t e m :

"India has nmch to give tO the Empire as wel l as to the res t of theworld and W i th fu l le r know ledge and be tt er m utua l u nde rs t and ing In d iamay become the m eans of spi r i tua l reconcil ia t ion be tween the Eas t a n d th eW est . \Virile the n at ions of the \Vest liave been eng aged U po n the d evel-opment and exploita tion of the W onderful forces o f na ture upo n th e ph ys i - .cal s ide, a V ery gre at Spir itnal m ov em ent has sp ru ng t i p in th e East . des-t ined to bring m ank ind toge ther on the spir i tual side. O n th e physicalplane we can clearly perceive that as the result Of an astonishing develop-ment in the m eans of com m nnica tion a n d t ranspor ta t ion and othe r fac ili--ties the va rious sections o f m ankind are fast tend ing to becom e, as i t were,

( C o n t it i' u ed o n t h e b o t t o m o f t he . n e x t p a g e )

i. e ., " 'T h e p l e as u J'e , o r t h e w i l l o f G o d i s to b e p u t a b o v ea l l t h h ~ g s . " ( I X . 7 1 . , )M a n s h o u l d n o t , t h e r e f o r e , b a s e h i s r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h G o d , o nth e h o p e o f a n y r e w a r d i n t h is l i f e o r i n t h e l i f e t o c o m e ; h i ss o le o b j e c t s h o u l d b e t o a c h i e v e t h e p l e a s u r e o1" w i l l o f G o d , f o rG o d b e i n g h i s B elo ve ~l , i t w o u l d b e a n i n s u l t t o - H i s l o v e t o p r e -f e r a n y o b j e c t o r t h i n g t o t h e p l e a s u r e o f G o d .

T h i s : b r i e f d i s c u s s i o n w i l l i n d i c a t e t h e r e l a t i o n s h i p w h i c ha c c o r d in g to I s l a m m u s t e x i s t b e t w e e n G o d a n d m a n , a n d It h in k t h a t e v e r y p e r s o n w h o r e a l ly b e l i e v e s i n G o d w i l l a g r e ew i th m e t h a t o u r r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h G o d o u g h t t o be e x a c t l y o fth e n a t u r e d e s c r ib e d a h o v e . "


14/36

1 2 T H E H O S L E M - S U N R I $ E

T h e P a l e s t i n e P r o b l e mB y S u f i M . R . B e n g a l e e

P a l e s t i n e i s a h o l y l a n d , f u l l O f p l a c e s s a c r e d t o b o t h th eJ e w s a n d A r a b s . F o r a l o n g t im e , p r i o r t o t h e B r i t i s h o cc up a~t io n o f t h e c o u n t r y , t h e y h a v e l i v e d t o g e t h e r i n c o m p a r a t i v ep e a c e a n d t r a n q u i l i t y . S i n c e t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f th e B r i ti s hM a n d a t e , . i t . h a s b e e n a s c e n e .o f f ie r ce a n d C o n t i n u a l - s t r i f e b e-t w e e n t h e t w o p e o p l e s :

T h e c a u s e o f t h i s d e p l o r a b l e s t a t e o f a f f a i r s i s t o b e .s ou g ht - -in t h e d u p l i c a t e p r o i n i s e s m a d e b y t h e B r i t i s h G o v e r n m e n t tot h e A r a b s a n d t h e J e w s .

T u r k e y , w h i c h W a s a m o n g t h e e n e m i e s o f : t h e A l l i e s , d u r in gt h e W o r l d W a r , ink, a d e d t h e t w o p o i n t s o f s t r a t e g i c i in po r-t a n c e , E g y p t , a n d S u e z C a na l . T h e B r i t i s h G o V e r n m e n t f o un di t o f v i t a l n e c e s s i t y t o w i n t h e A r a b s o v e r t o t h e i r s id e . Th e)-s u c c e e d e d i n t h i s - s h r e w d s c h e m e b y i n d u c i n g S h a r i f H u s s i a no f M e c c a , w h o w a s a t t h a t . t i m e , t h e l e a d e r o f m o s t o f t h e A r a bt r ib e s , t o h e a d a r e v o l t a g a i n s t T u r k e y . I n t u r n , t h e B r i t i shG o v e r n m e n t p r o m i s e d o n O c t o b e r 2 4 , 1 9 15 , t h r o u g h S i r H e n r ynlem bers of. one family and m ankind m ust , therefore , prep are to l ive ason e family: o i l the physical a s w ell as ol1 the spirit t/al plane. T h e recog-ni t ion of the t rue broth erho od of nmn in pract ice .and the ac cep tan ce o f theFatherh ood of -G od as a rea l i ty tlmt perm eates our v ery ex i s tence a re onlytwo i l lus t ra t ions of the profound inf luence which th is movemeut exercisesup on i t s foUowers. A no ther i l lus t ra t ion i s the constant anti re veren t use io f p raye r as a means o f ac tu a l comm union be tw een man and h i s M aKer.Th ese are o ld concept ions and t ru ths , b u t i t wo uld not be. incorrect to saytha t whereas in the Wes t they a re be ing re lega ted to the pos i t ion o f swn-bols and ceremonialisnm th e y are bein g reviv ed in -In dia as real i t ies w[lich !are boun d m ost pow erfu l ly to inf luence hum an i i' ;' es and to g iv e shape tothe des t in ies of the hum an race. T he re i s a Divine ' des ign for peace andUni ty Underlying the universe an d I bel ieve that th e Bri t i sh Comm on-we al th o f N at ions is an in s t rum eut which, i f r ight ly : used, ina y becomeone of the me ans of fulfil ling tha t purp ose. . T h a t it shall be fulfil led can-not, in the ey es of those w ho can p erceive that purpose , b e ope n . to thes l ightes t douh t ; i t i s for t is to choose w h e th e r i t shall b e fu lf illed throughus or in spi te of us . Al l that tends to obst ruct th is purpose, to . ra ise f reshbar r i e rs be tween m ankind or to p reserve o ld ones s l !a l l be sw ept away:all that tend s to pro m ot e this p urp ose a nd to brin g i t to fulfi llment shalI:ibe b lessed and fos te red ."


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T M E M O S L E M S U N R I S E 13

M a c M a h o n , t he B r i t i s h H i g h C o m m i s s io n e r i n E g y p t , t h a t" T h e B r i t i s h G o v e r n m e n t w i ll s u p p o r t t h e in d e p e nd e n c e o f t h eA r a b C o u n t r ie s f r o m T u r k e y . "A c c o r d i n g to . t h a t a g r e e m e n t t h e b o u n d a r i e s o f t h e i nd e -p e n d e n t A r a b s ta t es , i n c l u d i n g P a l e s t i n e , w e r e f i x e d . P a l e s t i n ew a s u n d o u b t e d l y o n e o f t h e A r a b c o u n t r i e s b e c a u s e n i n e t y -t h r ee p e r c e n t o f t h e p o p u l a t io n w e r e A r a b s . "I n s p i r e d b y t h e b r i g h t h o p e o f g a i n i n g in d e pe n d en c e a c-c o r d i n g t o t h e s o l em n p l e d g e m a d e t o t h e m b y t h e . B r i t i s h G o v -e r n m e n t , - - a p l e d g e. in w h i c h t h e y p la ce d im p l ic it f a i th , t h e

A r a b s f o u g h t ' a li an t ly o n t h e B r i t i s h s id e, w i t h t h e i r c h a r -a c te r i st ic d a s h a n d d a r i n g a n d r e n d e re d : th e m ( T h e B r i t i s h )m a t e r ia l a s s i s ta n c e in d e f e a t i n g t h e T u r k s ,T h e A r a b s k e p t . th e i r p ro m i se . T h i s f a d: w a s a c k n o w l e d g e db y n o le ss a n a u t h o r i t y t h a n t h e 7~V ar-tim e B r i t i s h P r i m e M i n -i s te r M r . L l o y d G e o r g e , w h o s a i d o n S e p t e m b e r 1 9, 1919 , " T h eA r a b s r e d e e m e d t h e i r p l ed g e s g i v e n t o G r e a t B r i t a i n a n d G r e a tB F i t a in W ill r e d e em t h e p l e d g e s g i v e n t o t h e m . "A s t h e w a r w e n t o n , t h e B r i t i s h w e r e d i r e l y i n n e ed o fm o n ey . T h e Z i o n is ts , w h o ' e n t e r ta i n e d t h e h i g h a m b i t io n f o rth e o c c u p a t i o n 0 f P a le s t i n e , w e r e r e a d y t o r e n d e r t h e m t h e n e ed e d f in a n c i a l s u p p o rt . S o , a s m a r t d e a l w a s m a d e . T h eZ i o n is ts p r o v i d e d t h e B r i t i s h w i t h f l m d s a n d t h e B r i t i s h p r o m -is ed th e m . i n t h e i r t u r n t o h e lp t h e m i n t h e i r a g e - l o n g a s p i r a -t io n s r e g a r d i n g t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f t h e ir N a t i o n a l H o m e inP a le s ti ne .. T h u s o r i g i n a t e d t h e f a m o u s B a l f o U r D e c l a r a ti o n o fN ov em ber 2 , 1917. ~ " H i s M a j e s t y ' s G o v e r n m e n t v i ew s w i th f a v o u r th e e s ta b -l is h m e n t in P a l e s t i n e o f a N a t i o n a l H o m e f o r t h e J e w i s h p eo p lea n d w i ll u s e t h e i r b e s t e n d e a v o u r s t o f a c i l i t a t e t h e a c h i e v e m e n to f t h a t o b j ec t, J r b e i n g . c l e a r ly u n d e r s t o o d - t h a t n o t h i n g s h a l lb e d o n e w h i c h m a y p r e j u d i c e t h e c iv il a n d r e l i g i o u s - r i g h t s o fe x i s t i n g n o n - J e w i s h c o m m u n i ti e s i n P a l e st in e , o r t h e r i g h t sa n d p o l it ic a l s t a t u s e n j o y e d b y rite J e w s i n a n y c o u n t r y . "H e n c e th e B r i t is h G o v e r n m e n t c r e a t e d a n a w k w a r d s i t u a-tio n . B o t h t h e A r a b s a n d th e: J e w s w e r e t o o cc u p y P a l e s t i n ea t t h e s a m e t i m e .T h i s , i n f a ct , s p elle d r u i n f o r t h e A r a b s . T h e y f e l t t h e y h a db ee n b e t r a y e d a n d 's o ld o u t ' to th e J e w s . T h e i r d r e a m o f r e e -d o m w a s s h a tt er e d . I n s t ea d , t h e y f o u n d th e y w e r e l ib e ra te df ro m th e y ok e o f T u r k e y o n ly t o be p la ce d u n d e r t he d o m in a -t io n o t h e J e w s .


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. ~ -


T h e , B a l f o u r D e c l a r a t io n w a s f o ll ow e d h y C o n s ta n t a n d i r -r e s is t a b l e J e w i s h i m m i g r a t i o n i n t o P a le s t i n e . T h e r e s u l t is - t ha td u r i n g t h e p as t s ~ v e n t e e n y e a rs , t h i s J e w i s h i n f l u x h a s , in -c r e a s e d J e w i s h p o p i il a ti o n f r 0 m . f i f ty t h o u s a n d t o f o u r h u n dr ed -t h o u s a n d , w h i c h fo i-m a b o u t o n e - t h i r d o f t h e t o t a l p o p u l a ti o n ..I t w a s s u n - c le a r to t h e A r a b s - t h a t t h e y w e r e to b e u l t i m a t e l yt h r o w n o u t o f t h e i r c o u n tr Y . ~

T h e A r a b c o n t, en t i on o f t h e p r i o r i t y r i g h t s is i n co n t e st a b le :G r e a t B r i t a i n d e f i n it e l y a c k n o w l e d g e d .a n d g u a r a n t e e d th eA r a b i n d e p e n d e n c e o f P a l e s t in e o n O c t o b e r 2 4 , 1915~ t h r o u g ht h e H u s s i a n - M c M a h o n C o v e n a n t . H e n c e th e v h a d n o r ig h tt o m q k e a furthq.,y d e a l w i t h t h e J e w s i n f l a g r a n t c o n t r a -d i c t i o n to t h e i r liL ig h te d t r o t h . " A l l t h e s u b s e q u e n t B r i t i s ha c t i o n ," s a v s ' h n E n g l i s h w r i t e r , " t h e f o u n d a t i o n o f t h e N a : .t io n a l H o m e th e B a l f o u r D e c l a r a t io n a n d t h e i r i n s e r t i o n int h e M a n d a t e , a l l i s n u l l a n d i ! l e g i ' t i m a t e . "T a b l e t , J u l y 1 7 , 1 9 3 7 .

t is h e l d in p r o - J e w i s l i q u a r t e r s t h a t b e c a u s e i n s o m e ~-e-m o t e p as t, P a l e s t i n e w a s t h e c o u n t r y o f t h e d i s ta n t f o r e f a t h e r so f t h e J e w i s h p e o p l e i t h e y S h o u l d b e p e r m i t t e d t - o i m m i g r a t ei n to th e l a n d a n d l m i ld a N a t i o n a l H o m e . - I n t h is c o n ne ct io n ,.n m v w e a l so p o i n t o ~lt t h a t P a l e s t i n e h a s b e e n t h e . h o m e o f th eA r a b s f o r t h e p a s t f o u r t e e n c e n t u r ie s . I t is e q u i v a l e n t t o s a yt h a t t h e R e d I n d i a n s a r e j u s t i f i e d i n t h r o w i n g t h e p re se n tA m e r i c a n s o u t o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s o r i n d o m i n a t in g t h e m .R e m e m b e r , t h e p r e s e n t c o n f l i c t is n o t b e t w e e n , t h e A r a b s a n dt h e J e w s o f P a l e s ti n e , b u t b e t w e e n t h e A r a b s a n d t h e f o r e ig nJ e w s , c o m i n g f r o m v a r io u s p a r t s o f E u r o p e a n d . A m e r ic a .T h e i n tl u st r i a l a n t i e c o n o m i c a c h i e v e m e n t o f t h e J e w s i nP a l e s t i n e is o f t e n o f f e re d as a n a r g u m e n t in d e f e n s e o f th isu t t e r ly u n jt i s ti f i a b le J e w i s h i m m i g r a t i o n i n t o t h a t u n h a p p yl an d . T h e p r o p o n e n t s o f th i s t h e o r y ; f o r g e t t h a t t hiS p r o g r e s si s 'n m d e b y t h e J e~ ,'s a t t h e e x p e n s e o f t h e A r a b s

B e s i d e s , th e w h o l e s t o r y i s f ic ti t io u s , t h a t t h e . A r a b s h a v eb e e n b e ne f i tt ed b y t h e J e w i s h a c h i e v e m e n t s .A w r i t e r , A l b e r t V i t o n , w r i t e s i n h i s a r t i c l e p u b l i s h e d i n" T h e N a t io n , " J u n e 3, 1 93 7 :"The federation of Jewish Labour makes keeping work from Arabsone o f its chief dim s. I recen th, asked a prom inent H istadruth leader, inwh ose "office hu ng th e pictu ce ~ff K ar l M arx. how he reconciled suc h a !policy w ith th e class struggle. 'T he struggle for pu re Je w ish Lab our .is theclass struggle,' lie cried." E ve n B eta G uryon told th e P alestine Jew ishCongress. "Just as it is tmtlfinkable for a Jew to open a house of pr0sti-


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tution in one of the Jew ish vil lage s, so unthinkable mu st i t be fo r a Je wto employ Arab s."A g a i n D r . H a r o l d H i c k e y w r i t e s i n t h e D e c e m b e r N u m b e rc)f t h e C a t h o l i c W o r l d :

" It is the fixed ru le tha t in all Jew ish colonies and sett lements, onlyJew[slr La bo ur shall be em pl o y ed .. As a case in point, m y informant toldme of the sale-of a fa ta l by a S y ria n Arab who employed two hu ndred" " " * "T : - - - -of.bin ow n race t o t ill the s m l. . 'x~ he n the f~irm was taken ov er-b y theJewish interests, two hundred fellaheen (.cult ivators) were thrown out ofemploynm nt. . " "I t i s a n i n t e r e s t in g a n d n o t e w o r t h y f a c t, as D r . H . H i c k e y

p o i n t s o u t t h a t a ll t h e - B r i t i s h C o m m i s s i o n s h a v e a d m i t t e d th eju g t i c e o f t h e A r a b c a u s e b u t t h e i r f in d in g s a n d r e c o m m e n d a - t io n s h a v e b e e n r e p e a t e d l y i g n o r e d .A l l th i s w i l l e x p l a i n t h e v i o l e n t A r a b - J e w i s h c o nf lic t , a n de v e r - r e c u r r i n g b l o o d sh e d in P a l e s t i n e s in c e th e b e g i n n i n g o ft h e B r i t i s h M a n d a t e .I n o r d e r to s o lv e t h i s t a n g l e d p r o b l e m , t h e B r i t i s h G o v e r n -

m e n t a p p o i n te d t h e R o y a l C o m m i s s i o n , w i t h L o r d P e e l a s t h eC h a i r m a n . T h e w o r l d a w a i t e d t h e so l u t i o n 6 f t h e C o m m i s s io n ,w i th i n t e n s e a n x i e t y . T h e r e p o r t o f t h e C o m m i s s i o n w a s p u b -l i s h ed o n J u l y 7 , t9 3 7 . A c c o r d i n g t o t h e s c h e m e o u t l in e d in th eR e p o r t , P a l e s t i n e is t o b e s p li t i n t o t h r e e p a r t s , a s o v e r e i g nA r a b s ta te . ~i s o v e r e i g n J e w i s h s t a t e a n d a t e r r i t o r y u n d e r a. p e r m a n e n t M a n d a t e t o G r e a t B r i t a i n .T h e A ra l~ s a n d t h e J e w s v i g o r o u s l y o p p o s e t h e r e c o m m e n -d a t i on s o f th e R o y a l C o m m i ss io n . B o t h o f t h e c o n m m n i t i e sc o n c e r n e d , a r e a d a m a n t in r e j e c t i n g t h e p a r t i t i o n p la n . ~F u r t h e r -m o r e , i t h a s e l ic i te d s e v e r e c r i t ic i s m a ll o v e r t h e w o r l d , I n o t h e rw o r d s , th e p r o p o s e d s o l u t io n d o e s n o t s o lv e t h e p r o b le m . O nth e c o n t r a r y , i t a g g r e v a t e s w h a t a l r e a d y is a y e w b a d s i t ua t i o n .T h e J e w s a r e d i ss a t i sf ie d b e c a u s e t h e s t a te a l l o t e d t o t h e mi s t o o s m a l l , i n t h e i r o p i n i o n , t o f u l f i l l t h e i r d r e a m .

T h e A r a b s a r e n o t w i l l in g to s u r r e n d e r e v e n a l e l l o f g r o u n df r o m th e i r o w n c o u n t r y . T h e y c o n s i d e r . th e s c h e m e o f c r e a t i n g ,in P a l e s t in e , a s o v e r e i g n J e w i s h s t a t e i n t o w h i c h t h e f o r e i g nl e w s sh a l l f r e e l y i m m i g r a t e , a s a n a c t o f a g g r e s s i o n a n d i n -f r i n g m e n t u p o n t h e i r t e r r i t o ry .T h e - A r a b s f ee l a ll t h e m o r e - w r o n g e d b e c a u se W h ile t h eJ e w s h a v e b e e n a c c o r d e d t h e r i c h a n d f e r t i l e p a r t o f t h e c o u n -t r y , th e p o r t i o n a s s i g n e d t o t h e A r a b s c o m p r i se s th e m o s ta r i d a n d r oc k y- r e g io n s .T h e f o l l o w i n g re m a r k s , m a d e b y a n E n g l i s h w r i t e r , a r e


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h i g h l y i l l u m i n a t i n g :" W he re I -wo u l d jo i n i s s ue 'w i t h t h e Connnission is ove r t he bo un -da ry , wh i ch appea r s t o be d rawn t O f avo r t he J ew a t t he expens e o f t heA rab . I f th~ mai~s a t t ached to the Repor t be exam ined , i t will be se e n thatthe g rea te r and r i cher par t o f cu l t iva ted and cu l t ivab le l and has beenas s i gned t o J ewry .O ne r e s u l t o f t h is m a l ad j u s m l en t Wi ll be t ha t t he ; A ra bw i l l a lways,wha t eve r f i nanc i a l compens a t i on he may be awarded . consider that theJew Ires robbed him of the most preciouspart of his inheritance, and thepolit ical agi ta tor wi ll be g iven the be s t of s logans wi th which, to s t i r up orrenew enmi ty , to the de t r iment o f the p rospec t s o f peace .A nothe r resu lt i s tha t no l ess than ~225 .000 A rabs . a t p resen t domi-oiled in the area -ass ig ned to the: Jew s w il l have to b e rem ove d .to o therpar ts of Pales t ine. F o r this ; say s the Re port , "A n ins t ruct ive precedentis ;afforded as i t happens , by the exch ange effected betw een the Gi 'eek and"Turkish popula t ions on the mo rrow o f the Greco -Turk i sh w ar o f 1922 ."when 1 ,300,000. G reeks and 400 ,000 T ur ks . were t rans fer re d f rom thelands of thei r former enemies to thei r respect ive- countr ies ."U nfo r tuna te ly , " con t inues the R epo r t . '~ fo r ou r purpose~ th e ana logy .break s do w n at on e essent ia l point. In N orth ern G reece a surplus o f culti -vab le land wag ava i lab le o r couk l rap id ly b e mad e ava i l ab le fo r the settle -ment o f t he G re ek s evacua t ed f rom T urkey . In Pa l e s ti ne t he re is a tp resen t no such surp lus . " "Bu t t h e ana logy , b reaks dow n a l s o on o t h e r e s sen ti al p o i n t s . I n thef i rs t place, the re i s no ex chan ge in questio t.L fo r the A ra bs to be displacedam oun t t o a qua r t e r o f t h e A rab popu la ti on o f Pa l e st ine , w laereas t he .Jews in a s imi lar predicament number only 1 ,250 persons , again , whereas .the G reeks and the Tu rk s were . t rans fer red f rom. a lien l ands t o the i r owncountr ies , the Arab is to be e'l"ected [rom the home he has made in hisnative.land.'" ( T h e ~ S a t u r d a y R e v i e w . J u l y 17, 1 9 3 7.)

I n o u r o p i n io n , i f j u s t i c e is t o b e e x e r c i s e d , t h e s o l u t i o n o ft h e p r o b l e m l i e s i n t h e a d o p t i o n o f t h e f o l l o w i n g s u g g e s t i o n s :

F i r s t : I n v i e w o f t h e f a c t t h a t t h e J e w s h a v e a l r e a d y e s - it a b l i s h e d t h e i r N a t i o n a l H o m e iia P a l e s t i n e , f u r t h e r J e w i s hi t n m i g r a t i o n m u s t a t o n c e b e s t o p p e d . T h e r i s in g t id e o f t h eJ e w i s h i n f l u x h a s e n o r m o u s l y i n c r e a s e d J e w i s h p o p u l a t i o n a n dt h r e a t e n s t o t u r n , u l t i m a t e ly , A r a b m a j o r i t y i n t o m i n o r i t y .S e c o n d l y : R e s t r i c t i o n s m U S t b e p u t t o t h e m o u n t i f i g v ol -u t n e o f a l i e n a t i n g A r a b lan .d t o t h e J e w s s o t h a t t h e y m a y n o t

~ e v e n t u a l l y b e d i s p o s s e s s e d o f t h e i i - l a n d .T h i r d l y : . T h e p r o m i s e d N a t i o n a l I n d e p e n d e n c e o f t h eA r a b s m u s t b e d e c l a re d w i t h - m i n o r i t y r i g h t s a c c o r d e d t o th ee x i s t i n g J e w s . - . . . .T h e M anches t e r Guard i an p re s en t s t h e A rab cas e a s fo l lows :"T he Arab s dec la re tha t the comm iss ion ' s con c lus ion tha t the Man-da t e has b roken down s ubs t an t i a t e s t he Grand Muf t i ' s ev i dence and ,there fore , shou ld hav e .as i t s sequel the acceptance o f the la t ter ' s c la im(Continued on the bottom of the next-page)


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T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E - 1 7

A c tiv it i e s o f t h e A h m a d i y y aM o S l e m M o s q u e in . C h ic a g oByT. Titus smith (Noorul Is lam)

B e f o r e g i v i n g a b r i e f d e s c r ip t i0 n o f t h e a c t i v i t i e s o f T h eA h m a d i y y a M o ste m M o s q ue in C h ic a g o , I d e e m i t o f i n t e re s tto p o i n t o u t t h a t t h e n le m l~ e rs o f t h e M o s q u e c o n s i s t o f a g r o u po f p e op le w h o e m b r a c e d t h e f a i t h o f I s la m d u r i n g r e c e n t y e a r s .T h a t m e a n s th e c o m n m n i t y h a d to a b a n d o n s om e o f t h e i r oldc u sto in s, h a b i ts a n d u s u a g e s a n d a d o p t n e w o n e s. T h i s i n d ee dis e a s i e r w r i t t e n t h a n d o n e . I t is h i g h l y g r a t i f y i n g , h o w e v e r ,to n o t e t h a t t h e s e z e a lo u s f o l l o w e r s o f t h e p t -o m i se d M e s s i a hh a v e d o n e r e m a r k a b l y w e l l i n a s s i m i l a ti n g th e t e a c h i n g s o fI s la m a n d p u t t i n g t h e m i n to p r ac ti ce .

O n D e c e m b e r 1 0 , 19 36 , o u r n f i s s i o n a r y S u fi M . R . B e n g a l e er etu rn e d t o C h i c a g o a f t e r m a k i n g a n e x t e n d e d t r i p a r o u n d t h ew o r ld a n d . e n j o y i n g a p r o l o n g e d v a c a t io n a t h o m e i n I n d i a .T h i s t im e h e c am e a c c o m p a n i e d b y h i s w i f e a n d y o u n g e s td a u g h t e r , a .ch ild~ a b o u t n i n e y e a r s o ld . T h e M o s le m s o f C h i -c ag o i n e t t h e p a r t y a t t h e s t a t i o n a n d g r e e te d t h e m w i th j o y f u lcries o f A s s a la m o A l a i k u m ( p ea c e b e u n t o y o u ) , A b H a m d u -lilla h ( p r a i s e be t o G o d ) , a n d A U a h o A k b a r ( G o d is m o s tg r e a t ) . In - h i s r e s e rv e d a n d q u i e t m a n n e r , t h e m i s s i o n a r y r e -c eiv ed t h e se g r e e t i n g s w i t h a c o u n t e n a n c e . t h at b e a m e d w i t hh a p p i n e s s a n d g r a t i t u d e .T h e n t h e g r o u p w e n t d i r e c t l y t o t he m o s qu e a n d a ss em b l edf o r p r a y e r . I t w a s a n o c c a s io n o f t h a n k s g i v i n g to . G o d , f o r ,

fo r Na t iona l Independen ce fo r t he Arabs w i t h m i no r i t y r igh ts g ran t ed t othe Jews. They ci te in support the commiss ion 's favbui-able review of theArab t rea tment o f Jews in pas t and dec la re there i s no i r reconci l eab le hos -tility be t we en t he t w o and t ha t g i ven~ ndepend ence, co-ope rat ion w i th a l lJ e w s n o w i n P a l e s t i n e w o u l d f o l l o w .Imper ia l in te res t in con t ro l l ing the Medi te r ranean i s suspec ted as themot ive o f the p r es en t par t it ion , which the A ra b s dec la re w i ll j eop ard i sethe econom i c i n t e r e s t s-o f Sy r i a and I r aq~ I t i s c la im ed that i f the A rab shad been gra nted Na t ional Indep ende nce in Pales t ine a ll im perial in teres tswou ld have been g l ad ly gua ran teed un de r t r ea t y . "( (Manches t e r Guard i an , J u l y 16 , 1937 )


20/36

I | T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E

t h e M o s le m s w e re g r a t e f u l i n d e e d to s ee t h e i r I m a n f t a k e hisr i g h t f u l p l a c e o n c e m o r e .I t w a s a h a p p y c o i n ci d en c e t h a t o u r m i s s i o n a r y c am e ino u r m i d s t d u r i n g t h e l a t t e r p a r t o f t h e m o n t h O f R a m a d h a n ,o n t h e e v e o f t h e c e r e m o n y c a l l e d I ' d u l F i t r , w h i c h w a s c e l e ~b r at ed w i t h g r e a t e n th u s ia s m ,I n t h e m o r n i n g , a f t e r t h e I ' d p r a y e r w a s o f fe re d , t h e I m a mg a v e a n i n s t ru c t i v e s e rm o n . O n t h e n i g h t o f t h e s a m e d a y , am e e t i n g w a s h e l d i n th e m o s q u e. T h e g u e s t s w e r e e n t e r t a i n e dw i t h th e d e lic io u s I n d i a n H a l w a a n d A m e r i c a n c a k es , p r e p ar e db y t h e m o s l e m la d ie s. T h i s w a s f o l lo w e d b y a n e n t e r t a i n m e n to f s p i r it u a l f o o d w h i c h c o n s is te d o f a l e c t u r e d e l iv e r e d b y th em i s si o n a r v : o n t h e p h i l o so p h y o f ~ s la m i c f a s t . H e v i v id l ybro ug ht ' l~om e, to his .in te res te d audience., ho w . Is lam ic . fas t , ina d d i ti o n t o t h e p h y s i c al b en e f it w h i c h m a n d e r iv e s f r o m it;h e l p s h i m t o a t t a i n r i g h t e o u s n e s s a n d s e l f - m a s t e r y , g i v e s h i mt h e l e s so n s o f s a c ri fi ce a n d o f U n s elf is h s e r v ic e o f h u m a n i t y a n d

t r a i n s h i m t o d r a w c lo s e r a n d c lo s e r t o G o d b y d e v o t i n g ag o o d l y p a r t o f h i s t im e to p r a y e r s a n d o t h e r s p i r i t u a l e xe rc ise s,T h e a r r i v a l o f M r . B e n g a le C s w i f e a n d d a u g h t e r a ro use dk e e n e n t h u s i a s m i n t h e f e m a l e c ir cl e. M r s . B e n g a l e e ! i s a n in -t e r e s ti n g p er so n . S h e is a n a t i v e o f I n d i a a n d . l i v e d f o r teny e a r s in E a s t A f r i c a w i t h h e r f a t h e r w h o w a s - a m e d ic a l officerthe re . N ow she has com e to ~X~merica, w i th h e r h usb an d , to

m a k e th is c o u n t r y h e r t h ir d h o m e.O n F e b r u a r y 1 6; 1 93 7, T h e S o c i e t y o f t h e A h m a d i 3ty am o s l e m L a d i e s ( L a j n a i - t m a - I l l a h ) h e l d a m e e t i n g i n h o n o ro f M r s . B e n g a le e . T h e p r o c e e d i n g s b e g a n w i t h a r e c it a ti o n o fa c h a p t e r f r o m t h e H o l y Q u r a n b y a m o s le m l ad y , T h e n ti lep r e s i d e n t o f t h e l a d i e s ' S o c i e t y p r e s e n t e d a n a d d r e s s o f w e lco m et o t h i s b e l o v e d S i s t e r f r o m t h e F a r E ~ i s f , w h o h a s e n d e a r e dh e r s e l f t o t h e m a ll , b y h e r e x t r e m e l y m o d e s t : a n d g e n t le m a n- "h e rs . T h i s w a s f o ll o w e d b y m a n y o t h e r a d d r e s se s o f w elcom eby th e d i f f e ren t s i s t e r s w ho" a s sembled t o g ive ex pre s s io n tot h e i i - f e e l i n g s o f j o y a n d a f fe c ti o n . O n e o f t h e S i s t e r s said, ." ~ J r s . B e n g a l e e , t h i s S o c i e t y e x t e n d s to y o u i ts h e a r t i e s t g re e t-i n g s o f g o o d :fe llo w s hip . W e s h a l l l b y t h e G r a c e o f A l l a h , u s eo u r b e s t e n d e a v o u r s to m a k e y o u r s t a y i n A m e r i c a b o t h pleas-a n t a n d h a p p y . " T o t h e s e s e n t i m e n t s o f f r i e n d s h i p , M r s . S u f iM . R . B e n g a l e e m a d e a m o s t f it t in g r e sp o n s e . A f t e r e x p r e s s in ghe r f ee l i ngs o f deep g r a t i t u de t o t he La d ie s -Society , fo r t h e i r


21/36

T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E 1 9

kindnesses and courtesies, she said .in part: "Dear SistersMan has forsaken God. He has goneaway from Hispath. Darkness-has spread all over the surface of the earth. There is nopeace, instead, we seenothing but troubles.In the fulness of time, God sent the promised Messiah and set upthe Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam in order to bring man back to the pathof Allah and give hiin the much-needed peace and salvation.We have a great opportunity to serve God and man by serving trueIslam wlfich the promised Messiah has brought back, .Let us then, dedi-cate our lives tothe service 0f Islam. This isltlae best way to make ourlife blessed; this is the best way to have peace and happiness for ourselvesandmthis is the best way to give peace and happiness to our feUowmen.Let us be sincere; finn and unshaken in the service: of Islam so thatAllah may send angels from heaven to help us in our noble work.-1il conclusion, nmy I humbly request you to-pray for us that Allahmay grant Us success in sl~reading the light which we have brought fromQadian."

The successful celebration of IMul Azha-:forms another mportant happening of the Mosque, dur ing the period un derreview.The. event s of the da y can- be tra~ ed with early rriorning.services, du ri ng whieh Sttfi M. R . B a n g a l ee led in pr aye r anddelivered a sermon dwelling u p on t h e story oI the supremesacrifice made by Abraham, Ishmael and H ag aa r (H aj ir a) .The :s pe ak er urg ed the moslems to follow the. exa mpl e of.their spiritual an ce st or s.

L a t e r visitors were received and to the newcomers, thefaith o f Isl am was explainedl Fol lo wing this, was the off er-ing of the goat.In the evening, another lecture was given by .the mis-Sionary, based on the interpretati.on o f the sto ry o f Ab rah amand his son and the sign ifi cance Of ~the pilg rimage. This waswell rece ived in as muc h as some of the Tu rk i sh moslems de-clared that this was the first time they had ever heard of thetrue interpretationof the sacrifice offered on the occasion ofpilgrimage. - -Mu ch fe as t i ng and entertainment then followed. TheTurks. the Arabs, t he Indians, and the Am er ica ns- -g at her edtogether under the same oof. I t was a variegated group, butbound by one common purpose.A most int ere sti ng thing that happened in our mosqueduring the recent months was in connection with the:bi rth ofa (laughter tO o u r Mis sio nary friends, Mr. and Mrs. Sufi M.R. Bengalee. On the seventh d a y o f b i r t h o f the child, theAqniqua ceremon3 was perf orme d which means a goat wa s0ffered as sacrifice for t h e baby. Th e moslem ladies p repa red


22/36


a d e l i c i o u s - d i n n e r o u t o f t h e m e a t a n d a f e a s t w a s g i v e n , a t -n i g h t , t o t h e a s s e m b l e d g u e s t s . - A f t e r t h e e n t e r t a i n m e n t w a so v e r , t h e m i s s i o n a r y f a t h e r . g a v e a s p e e c h d w e l l i n g u p o n t h es a n c t i t y o f m a r r i a g e a n d t h e c h i l d ' s i m p o r t a n c e i n Is l a m .T h i s w a s a s p e e c h r a t h e r n o v e l t o t h e a u d i e n c e w h i c h l i s te n e d t o i t w i t h f a s c i n a t e d i n t e r e s t . C o n t i n u i n g , t h e s p e a k e r s a i d :

'~ Is lam d o es n o t t h r o w t h e ch i ld h ea d l o n g i n t o a s t r eam o f end le ssco n f u s i o n . I s l am g o v e n l s h i s en t i r e co u r se o f li fe w i t h i ts w i se an d well-d i rec t ed ph i losophy . "T h e h u s b a n d a n d w i f e a r e e n j o i n e d u lm n t o o f f e r a p r,a y e r a t t h e .t i me o f co n ce i v in g ch il d cen , i n t i m f o l l 0 wi n g w o r d s :" O Lo r d , p r o t ec t u s an d p r o t ec t o u r ch i ld r en f r o m Sa t an . i .e .. f r o me v il t h o u g h t s ' a n d e v il P r o m p t in g s a n d e ; il c o m p a n i o n s . "Th e w i sd o m m~ d v a l u e o f t h i s p r ay e r can h a r d l y b e ex ag g e r a t ed .I t p u t s t h e m an .a r id w o m an i n a - d ev o t i o n a l f r am e o f m i n d an d fills th emw i t h t h o u g h t s o f p u r i t y an d Go d l i n es s. C h i l d r e u h o r n a s a r e su l t Of such :p r a y e r s , a r e h o u n d t o in h e r i t im r e t h o u g h t s. T l i e H 0 1 y P r o p he tl M u h a m -m a d ( m a y t ile p e a ce a n d b le s sin g s o f G o d b e u p o n H i m ) s a y s, " C hild re nw h o s e p a r e n t s o f f e r t h is p r a y e r a t t h e t i m e o f c o m i n g t o g e th e r , a r e s a v e df r o m t h e t o u ch o f Sa t an ; " mean i n g f l ae r eb y t h a t t h ey a r e g u a t ' d ed ag a i n s tal l ev i l inf luences .

A ch i ld b r ea t h es t h e p u r i t y o f I s l am i n to h i s l i ea r t a s Soo n a s h em ak es h i s ad v en t i n t o t h e wo r l d . XV h en iae i s b u t a f ew mo m en t s old .A zan , o r t h e Mos le 'm call t o p ra~ ,e r -which co n ta ins th e g i s t o f t h e lo f tyt each i n g s o f I s l am, i s W h i sp e r ed i n t o b o t h h i s ea rs . T h i s r i t u a l i s f u l l o fdeep ph i losophy . - "I n t h e f i r s t p l ace ; i t c a l l s t h e a t t en t i o n o f t h e p a r en t s t h a t t h e i r d u t y :o f i n s t r u c t i n g t h e ch i ld b e g i n s f r o m t il e m o m en t o f h i s b ir h . Th o se pa r-. :en t s w ho fu l ly g ra sp t l i e s ign i fi cance ~)f tiff s i n junc t ion wi ll exe rc i se everyp r ecau t i o n tO t r a i n t h ec h i l d w i~ h h a b i t s o f v i r t u e an d r i g h t eo u sn es s fro mhi s ve ry in f : i n cy . Seco nd ly , t ho ug h th i s p ra ye r i s no t obiec ti .ve ly under- is t o o d b y t il e ch i l d , b u t t h e sp i r i tu a l v i b r a ti o n i n f u sed a t t h a t t ime i sindel ib ly reg is tered in l ti s who le heing, becau se n ot a s in gl e impressionm a d e u p o n h i s m i n d i s e n t i re l y l o s t.I t i s a n i n j u n c t i o n o f t h e H o l y P r o p h e t M u h a m n l a d ( m a y t h e , , p e a c ean d b le s s in g s o f G o d b e u p o n H i m ) t lm t w h e n a ch i l d r each es i t s seventhb i r t h d ay , h e mu s t b e t au g h t t o o f f e r h i s p r ay e r s . W h e n . h e i s b el~ ween ten ~ian d f if teen y ea r s o f ag e , - p a r en t s a r e co u n se l led t o b e r a t h e r S t ri ct i n t h e i rd i s c ip l in e / o f h i m co n ce r n i n g t h e 0 h se r v an ce Of p r ay e r s . B ecau se a f t e r he : ' r01asses h i s f i f teenf l l ) , ea r t he chdd a~ a ru l e goes on t o f Pa ren t s cou t

a n d t h e y c a n h a r d l y e x e rc t se a n y i nf lu e n c e u p o n h m .I n s h o r t , f r o m / h i s v e r y i n f a n c y , t h e m o s l e m c h i ld is h r o u g h t u p in ap u r e l y r e li g io u s an d sp i r it u a l a t mo sp h e r e an d a t an ea r l y ag e h e d iscov ers iia c o m p l et e u n i fi c at io n w i t h G o d . w h i c h l a s t s w i th h i m a s l o n g a s h e five sin t l f f sw or ld . V ' .q th Ir is i ncreas ing year s , t he M os lem ch i ld i s t augh t , stepb y s tep , t h e m an i f o l d d u t i e s p e r t a i n i n g to a l l d ep a r t n l en t s o f l l f e . T h u seq u i p p ed w i t h a p e r f e c t r e l ig i o n an d a m i g h t y p h i l o so p h y , t h e ch i ld b eg in s"Iris career f ear less l ) an d w ha teve r f ie ld .'he m ay e n te r h e w i ll be m ore suc-cess fu l , because he has a so lid bac kgro und upon which to bu i ld l i f e . " ~(Continued on the bottom of the next page)


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I s l a m ' s . C o n t r i b u t i o n t o . S c i e n c ea n d C ivil. ation

ByM a u l v i A b d u l K a r e e m B , A . M . L . C ,

R e t i r e d I n s p e c t o r o S c h o o ls , B e n g a l , I n d i a

It is a historical fact that , can not be cont rov ert ed thatbefore the advent o f I s l a m , Cultivation of science was con,demne d as here sy. Th e reason for this is not far to seek. Th ebulk of ma nk in d could not at that t i me think in :the abstract , rod t hey looked upon th e e le me nt s of Na tu re , the Subject-matte of sc ience, as sacred objects , p os se ss in gs up er na tu ra lpowers. They inade idols, symbolizing dif fer ent elements,and wors hipp ed the m as gods and goddesses, e i th er for pro-tection fro m evil o r fo r attai nment of certain objects. Th uswere the sun, the moon, the stars, air, water, animals, andeven trees ands to ue s, deified and adored. I t was n oth ing un-natural in such circmnstances-that any deviation fr om theprevai l ing bel ief in th ei r sanct i ty s l iould ha ve been brandedas a sacri lege, an d any a tt em pt at a cri tical ex am in at io n oftheir potential i ty , for good or evil , s t igmatised as profanity.Thus a l l th a t was useful in the heavens and the ear th re-mained al tog ethe r une xp lo re d, and for t-housands of year sman didnot realize the sublime, utility of the forces of Na-ture. I t was re ser ved for the unt utor ed Son of the DeSert toopen man 's eyes to the won de rf ul Nat ur e by br i ngin g dow nher elem ents from th e hi gh pedestal of divinity, on whichthey had been placed, t 9 the position of serv ant s of m ank ind .

. . - . . .In this article, I have described only some outstanding events of our" Al0sque in Chicago. Meetings are. however, held in file mosque fourtimes a week. In addition to the observance of the Jumma prayer on Fri-da3,s, the Moslems assembleto offer prayerg in congregations three timesa week, to hold classes for the learning of Islaln and to preach the HolyFaith. These meetings are often attended by non-Moslenls and almost allMoslenls give talks on Islam on different occasions.Similar activities can be recorded of the various Missions in differ-

ent cities such as Kansas City, Iiadianapolis, Detroit, Cleveland and Pitts-burgh. All praise belongs to Allah. -


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2 2

T h eS u b s e r v i e n c eo f N a t u r a lE l e m e n t s t o -M a n


"And He has made subservient to youthe n i g h t and the day and the su n and themoon and the stars are made subservientby Hi sc om ma nd me nt ; most surely-theceare signs in this for a people tO ponder .. . '"Ai Quran . . . . . . . . . . . .Thus were the gods of the pre-Islamic people reducedby one stroke to man's servants. For the first time in the'history of the world the Holy Quran declared in unmistak-able language that. the main purpose for Which al l objects,

from the mightiest sun to tlae most insigfiificant atom, werecreated, is to minister tO m a n ' s n e e d s Every th ing in the uni-verse being intended for his use, man has been conama-ndedto investigate their intrinsic properties,---in other words, tocultivate every branch of science. T h u s d i d the Ouran, bydeclaring man the best of creation and everything in it sulk,servient to. him, give a tremehd0us .impetus to the devel-opment of scientific resear~zh. In fact tlie foundation of mod-ern science was thus laid by acq ua in ti ng man with the :realnature of the forces and laws of Nature and by teaching himhow to ha rn es st he m for human service. Tlie initiation ofthe conquest of Nature and the utilization Of its forces forthe good of hmnani ty is, indeed, one of the greatest blessings iIslam has conferred upon mankind.

The Ouran Clearly indicated the way in which to re-duce Nature to hunmn service by contemplation and obser-vation of four kinds, viz., T a f a q q u h , T a d a b b u ~ , T a f a k k u r and7"aaqqul. . . By the first a correct idea of things and theirdifferent features can be got, by th e second th e kn owledge ofhow to uti liz e them properly can be acquiredi the thirdteaches the ways by wh i ch things have come into existence !and how their properties may be discovered, while the fourthgives the knowledge whicll enables man to make the rightuse of different tliings in everyday life. It. was the medita,tions indicated b y Tafaakkur an d Taaqqul that ac tuated dif-ferent kinds of scientific-research among. theear ly Moslems. iThis is how the Quran:placed in the hands of nlan tlie key _ ]with which the treasure-house of Nature could be oi iened , -and Divine Revelation-came to show him the Way to his ma- iterial progress. Eve ryt lf ing in the universe hav ing been in- itended for the use of-man it ?,vas-a virtuous act for him tomake researches into the reahns of Nature in order to dis-


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T H E M O S L E M S U N R I S E 2 3

o , v e r t h e u t i l i t y o f i ts v a r i o u s c o m p o n e n t s . T h u s t h e f ir s t'p r in c ip l e o f p r o g r e s s , t h e u t il i z a t i o n o f t h e f o r c e s o f N a t u r efo r t h e n e e d s o f m a n , b e c a m e a n a rt ii :l e o f f a i t h w i t h t h eM o Slems, an d imp e l l ed th em to en g a g e in s c i en ti f ic r e sea r ch .N a t u r e ' s T h e - P ro p li et o f I s l a m w e n t- S o f a r a s t oE x p lo ra t i on " I s m a k e e x p l o r a t i o n s in th e r e a lm s o f N a t u r eG o d ' s t h e r e a l g l o r i f i c a t i o n o f G o d , a n d t o p l a c eG l o r i f i c a t i o n t h e a c q u i s i t i o n o f l ~ n o w l ed g e o n a n e q u a lf o o ti f i g w i t h H i s w o r s h i p . M a n w a s r e q u i r e dto g l o r i f y G o d n o t b y m e r e e x p r e s s io n o f l i p -g r a t it u d e , b u t1]3 d i s c o v e r i n g a n d u t i l i z i n g th e p r o p e rt ie s a n d p o t e n t i a l i t i e sof t he t h i n g s H e h a s c r~ /a te d f o r . s u p p l y i n g t h e n e e d s o f H i sc r e at u re s : R e a l i z a t i o n o.f t h e s c a t t e r e d b o u n t i e s o f G o d w a sto b e t h e r e a l i z a t i o n o f G o d h i m s e l f . A M o s l e m w a s t o s p i r i t-u aliz e, a s i t w e r e , .h i s w h o l e n i a t e i ' ia l s u r r o u n d i n g s b y s e e i n ga n d f e e l i n g t h e e v i d e n c e o f G o d : s p o w e r a n d .lo ve ~n e v e r yb l a de o f g r a s s a n d i n e v e r y b re ,'i th o f a i r .

' V e r i l y i n th e c r e a t i o n o f h e a v e n s a n d ea rfla , a n d t h ea l t e ra t i o n o f n i g h t a n d d a y , t h e r e a re . s i g n s f o r m e n o f u n d e r -s ta n d in g , w h o r e m e m b e r A l l a h s ta n d i n g , s i t t i n g a n d w h i lel y i n g o n t h e i r s id e s , a n d p o n d e r o v e r t h e c r e a t i o n o f h e a v e n sa nd e a r t h " ( a l l s a y ) , 'o u r L o r d T h o u h a s t n o t c re a t e d ( a l l)th is in v a in . G l o r y b e t o T h e e . " A 1 - Q u r a n , C h a p t e r I I I .I s la m M a d e B u t t h e P r o p h e t o f I s la m l a id t h eE d u c a t i o n g r e a t e s t s t re s s o n t h e a c q u i s it io n o f k n o w l -C o m p u l s o r y e d g e a n d m a d e i t e s s e n t ia l l y i n c u m b e n tFor A l l u p o n a l l h i s f o l lo w e r s , i r e s p e c t iv e o f s e x ,r a n k , c o l o u r a n d c o u n t r y ... . " ' S e e k i n g o fk n o w l e d g e i s i m p e r a t i v e f o r a l l M o s l e m s , m a l e a n d f e m a l e . "' H e w h o h a s b e e n g i f t e d w i t h k n o w l e d g e , " s a y s t h e Q u r a n ,h a s b ee n g i f t e d w i t h a n a b o u n d i n g b l e ss in g . " C o n v i n ce dt h a t a n i g n o r a n t p e r s o n c a n n o t a d e q u a t e l y r e a l i ze t h e g r e a t Sh ess a n d g o o d n e s s o f G o d , t h e P r o p h e t o f I s l a m m a d e a c -q (fis itio n o f k n o w l e d g e a n e s s e n t i a l o f f a i t h a n d d i d n o t a p -p ro ve o f h i s f o l l o w e r s b e i n g e n t i r e l y a b s o r b e d i n t h e m e d i t a -tion o f G od , a n h o u r ' s c o n t e m p l a t io n a n d s t u d y : o f H i s c r ea -t i o n b e i n g b e t t e r t h a n a y e a r ' s a d o r a t i o n . " M o s l e m s w e r e p a r -t ic u l a r ly e n j o i n e d t o b e i n c o n s t a n t s e a r c h o f k n o w l e d g e" f r o m - t h e c r a d l e t o t h e g r a v e ; " a n d t h e y w e r e t o l d t h a t " t h ein k o f t h e - s c h o la r w a s h o l i e r t h a n t h e b lo o d o f t h e m a r t y r . "


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2 4 T HE M OS L E M S UNR I S E

Thus in tha t darl~ age, when the wo rld was enveloped inignorance and illiteracy, Islam created an insatiable thirst f o rknowledge and caused a tremendous upheaval of. science inreahns hitheto altogether unexplored. Such an extraordinaryoutburst of intellectual activity was unparalleled inhuman his-tory. Some undreamt of discoveries and inventions were madeand these inunensely contributed to the progress Of civilization.and the welfare of mankind. There was hardly any science ofwhich the Moslems did not make themselves masters. They -created inodern Chemistry, made most important 'discoveries :':knowledge ofn Astronomy, added nmch to the " Mathematics.and Medicine and made ~/ery valuable researches in BotanyGeology, Zoology and other., branchesof Natural Philosophy. "The foundation of what is termed Physical Science was thuslaid, and the. gates o f investigation into the marvels of crea-tion were flung wide.open. ~ " "

The Moslems, by unrave ling the mysteries of Nature andwi den in gth e Scope of knowledge, introduced such blessings ofcomfort and happiness as were unknown in the World. It wasthe intellectual liberty and the Spirit of scientific research in-augurated by then( tha t brought abou~ the: European Renais-sance and introduced into the modern world t h e arts andscienceswhich ennobled the heart, elevated the mind an6_con=tributed to human happiness.

The height of scientific progress forecast by the Ouran hasnot yet been fu lly attained. The world" is full of materials thatawait man's exertion and ingenuity for thei r development andutilization.~ There are millions 0f things in the reahn of theseas and in the bowels of the earth and the ocean that-havebeen created for man's use. All these have to be harnessed in:order to meet the increased requirements of human society, iiThe Quran repeatedly speaks of the~subservience of the phys-ical worl da nd phenomena to man; whose duty it is to explorethem for use . . . " . :

Before the advent of Islam, the West, which now~a-days iclaims all credit forprogress in science and civilization, wassteeped in ig~aorance and darkness. It was the intellectual lib-erty and scientific research inaugurated by the Moslems which .i!brought about the Renaissance to whichEurope owed its re- !generation. Medieval Europe was a hot-bed o religious fan-aticism and social conservatism; and-the intellectual stagna-tion which prevailed there is altogether beyond conception in Imodern times.


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H o w Is la m C u res E c o n o m ic I l lsByJ a m e s A . W i l l i a m s ( M u h a m m a d A h m a d )

T h e w o r l d is in d ee d s o r e l y p e r pl e x ed o v e r t h e a c u te c o n-d it io n of i t s e c o n o m i c i l l s, a n d is t u r n i n g f r o m o n e fl e e t in gp a n ac e a t o a n o t l l e r , i n t h e h o p e o f a t l a s t s t r i k i n ~ u p o n a nidea, f r o m w h i c h it w i l l n o t a g a i n h a v e t o d i g r ~ s . G r e a tn a tio n s of t h e w o r l d a r e , a ll , t r y i n g t o c op e w i t h t h e s i t u -a ti on a s b e~ t t h e y c an . I t m u s t h e a d m i t t e d t h a t m e n - d e -v ised s c he m e s , i n r e g a r d to s o c ie t y a n d e c o n om i c s t a t u s o f~mr n a t i o n s , h a v e l ed o u r p e o p l e f u r t h e r /ro d f u r t h e r i n t ow i l d e rn e s s . I t is h i g h t i m e f o r m a n k i n d to f in d a p la n t h a tw ill l ea d o u r p r e s e n t g e n e r a t i o n o u t o f t h e m o r a s s o f e co -..n~m lic e v i l s a n d p l a c e i t u p o n a s o u n d f i n a n c i a l f o o t i n g .

- T h i r t e e n h u n d r e d . an d f i f t y y e a r s a go ; G o d r e v ea l ed u n t o. t h e H o l y P r o i ~ h e t . ~ '{ u h a n a m a d ( n!a 3 t h e p e a c e a n d b l e s s -in gs o f A l l a h b e upon . H i m ) a n e c o n o m i c s y s t e m , w h i c h w a sa nd ,iS a n o p e n s e s a m e to a l l - o f o u r p r e s e n t e c o n o m i c i l l s ,a nd w h i c h e s t a b l i s h e s a w a y fo r a l l t im e , t o l iv e a n d p ro s -p er w i t h o u t f e a r or w a n t .

I s l a m i m p o s e s u p o n th e M o s l em G o v e r n m e n t t h e s a-c r e d d u t y o f p r o m o t i n g m o r a l a n d m a t e r i a l w e l f a r e o f t hep eo ple . A s a m o t h e r a n d f a t h e r a re r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e i rc h ild re n , so is t h e I s l a m i c g o v e r n m e n t e n j o i n e d t o s e e t h a ta l l i ts s u b j e c t s a r e p r o v i d e d w i t h t h e b a r e n e c e s s i t i e s o f ife-; i n s h o r t , f o o d , c l o t h e s , s h e l t e r a n d a l l o t h e r s i i n i l a r t h i n g s-as c o n t r i b u t e t o t h e c o m m o n w e l f a r e o f t h e p e o p le .

I n th i s w i se , t h e H o l y P r o p h e t ( o n w h o b e p e ac e ) s a y s :, E v e r y o n e o f y o u - i s l i ke a S h e p he r d a n d is r e s p o n s i b l e f o rt he p e r s o n s a n d t h i n g s t h a t a r e p l a c e d u n d e r l fis c h a r g e .T h e S o v e r e i g n i s . r e s p o n s i b l e a n d a n s w e r a b l e f or h i s s u b-je cts ,, a n d e v e r y m a n is r e s p o n s i b l e a n d a n s w e r a b l e f o r t h e "m e m b e rs o f h is f am i ly , a n d e v e r y w o m a n is r e s p o n s i b le a n da n s w e r a b l e f o r h e r h o m e a n d c h i ld r e n , a n d e v e r y s e r v a n t i sr e s p o n s i b le a n d a n s w e r a b l e f o r t h e p r o p er ty . Of: h i s m a s t e rt h a t is i n h is c h a r g e i " - ( T h e T r u e I s l a m P . 3 2 1) .

I n o r d e r to f u l f il l t h i s d u t y o f p r o m o t i n g m o r a l a n dm a t e r i a l w e l f a r e a n d . i n t e r e s t s o f t h e p e o p le , a c e n s u s U se d


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t o b e t a k e n in I s l a m i c c o u n t r i e s b y t h e g o v e r n m e n t a nde v e r y i n d i v id u a l w a s r e g i s t e r e d w i t h it . S u c h m e a s u r e w a st a k e n , n o t t o fill .th e g o v e r n m e n t c o f f e rs , b u t t o k e e p i t w e lli n f o r m e d a b o u t t h e t r u e c o n d i t i o n o f t h e p e o p l e s o t l m t itm i g h t s u c c e s s f u l l y d i s c h a r g e i t s d u t y .

T h e c o l l e c t io n o f p r o v i s io n s .w h i ch m a y b e n e e d e d , b yt h e p e o p l e , i n t im e s ~.o f s c a r c i ty , f o r n i s a n i m p o r t a n t d u t vo f t h e - I s l a m i c g o v e r n m e n t . D a r i n g t h e e a r l y , p e r i o d o fI s l am , t h e C a l i p h s ( K h a l i f a s ) t o o k g r e a t c a r e to s e e t h a t th isd u t y w a s n o t n e g l e c t e d , I t w a s d i s p e n s e d b y m e a n s i f f r a -i o n t i c k e t s w h i c h in . t u r n , e n a b l e d p e o p l e t o p u r c h a s e n e e d -f ul a r t i c l e s a n d f o o d s tu f fs f r o m t h e g o x ; e r n m e n t s t o re ,H o w e v e r , i n p r o v i d i n g f o r t h e i n d i g e n t , I s l a m d o e s n o tc o n d o n e i d l e n e s s a n d d o e s e

Themoslemsunrise1937 Iss 1

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