Verlagspostamt A-1010 Wien. - Nachhaltig Wirtschaften · 2016-07-15 · gent, sustainable energy...

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FORSCHUNGSFORUM provides information on selected projects within a bmvit program focusing on “Sustainable Development”. Published by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology (bmvit), Division for Energy and Environment Technologies; Director: Dipl.Ing. M. Paula; Renngasse 5, A-1010 Vienna. Photos and diagrams: LINZ AG, Energie AG Oberösterreich. Edited by: Projektfabrik Waldhör KG, A-1180 Vienna, A-1190 Wien, Nedergasse 23/3. Layout: Wolfgang Bledl. Printed by: Schreier & Braune.

P.b.b. Erscheinungsort Wien, Verlagspostamt A-1010 Wien.

http://wwwFORSCHUNGSFORUM on the Internet:www.NachhaltigWirtschaften.at

in German and English

FORSCHUNGSFORUM is published at least four times a year and is available for free on this website.

customers boosted. As part of researchinitiatives backed by the Federal Minis-try of Transport, Innovation and Tech-nology (BMVIT) and the Austrian Climate and Energy Fund (Klima- undEnergiefonds), a constant stream ofR&D and demonstration projects arebeing implemented, helping to getpionier regions into shape for intelli-gent, sustainable energy systems.

The smart-grid activities in Upper Aus-tria are based on the Provincial Govern-ment’s energy strategy “Energy Future2030”, aimed at switching to renew-ables step by step in the case of spaceheating and electricity, while reducingCO2 emissions and energy imports. That is what the “Energy Turnaround”scenario is meant to do. The strategy isbased on a comprehensive assessmentof the potential of renewables in Upper Austria.

The diagram below provides an over-view of the extent to which renewablesare already being used, of the potentialthat can be tapped by 2030, and of thetechnically feasible scope for usingrenewables (excluding hydroelectricity).

In Upper Austria’s energy policy large-scale expansion of photovoltaic gene-ration plays a central part. New energysystems with a variety of different sup-pliers are intended to make it possibleto utilize the potential of PV. Electricity

■ All over the world our energy sys-tems are undergoing major restructu-ring. Energy policy aims such as im-proving energy efficiency, increasingthe share of renewable sources ofenergy and reducing CO2 emissionshave long since found their way intolegislation and regulations at the EUlevel (20-20-20 targets) and in the EU member states. As increasing use ismade of renewable resources, the num-ber of regional, peripheral energy sup-pliers grows – a real challenge for utilitygrids. Intelligent (smart) electricity gridscapable of merging renewable sourcesof energy with established facilities bymeans of new technologies and ICTsolutions are seen as the key to an effi-cient, sustainable energy supply system.At the same time energy efficiency indistribution and consumption should beimproved and service quality for the

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY IN UPPER AUSTRIA – AIMS AND POTENTIAL

R&D – PROJECTS AND PROJECT PARTNERS

FORSCHUNGSFORUM1/2011

supply structures of this kind mainlyrely on renewable sources of ener-gy, while taking full advantage ofcontrol and conservation options atthe consumer’s end and utilizing all components’ potential for opti-mization, particularly at the low-voltage level.

Electricity supply in Upper Austria is mainly in the hands of EnergieAG Oberösterreich and LINZ AG. In 2005 both companies launchedgrid subsidiaries of their own: Energie AG Oberösterreich NetzGmbH and LINZ STROM Netz GmbH.Energie AG Oberösterreich NetzGmbH operates a grid supplyingelectricity to the bulk of UpperAustrian consumers (plus some inSalzburg, Styria and Lower Austria),whereas LINZ STROM Netz GmbHconcentrates on the city of Linz and82 neighbouring communities.Building on the findings from nu-merous research projects, bothcompanies are developing stablebusiness models with which UpperAustria’s energy policy targets canbe met step by step. Forthcoming

research will increasingly be aimedat developing comprehensive, intelligent strategies for “smartcities” and “smart urban regions”.

T O P I C P R O J E C T I N F O

■ Smart Metering – Energie AG OberösterreichProject partners: Siemens Energy Automation GmbH & Co. KG (AMIS), SAP AG (process automation)Status: completed

■ Smart Energy Management – LINZ AGProject partners: ubitronix system solutions GmbH (software), Echelon GmbH (electricity meters), Pilot project to integrate multiple utilities – gas meters (Flonidan), district heat meters(Kamstrup), water meters (EWT), street lighting (Siteco), home automation (Moeller)Status: completed

■ DG (Distributed Generation) Demonet Strategy – BAVIS – DG Demonet ValidationActive operation of electricity distribution grids with a large share of peripheral suppliers –designing and testing demonstration gridsProject partners: AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Energie AG Oberösterreich, Salzburg AG,VKW Vorarlberger Kraftwerke AG, ICT Institute of Computer Technology / Vienna University of Technology, Energy Economics Group / Vienna University of Technology As part of the programs: “Energiesysteme der Zukunft”, BMVIT / „Neue Energien 2020“, Klima- und EnergiefondsStatus: in progress

■ ISOLVES: PSSA-MInnovative Solutions to Optimise Low Voltage Electricity Systems: Power Snap-Shot Analysis by MetersProject partners: AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Siemens AG Österreich, Energie AGOberösterreich Netz GmbH, Salzburg Netz GmbH, Wien Energie Stromnetz GmbHAs part of the programs: “Energiesysteme der Zukunft”, BMVIT / „Neue Energien 2020“, Klima- und EnergiefondsStatus: in progress

■ DG Demonet smart LV GridControl concepts for active low voltage network operation with a high share of distributed energy resourcesProject partners: AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Energie AG Oberösterreich Netz GmbH,LINZ STROM Netz GmbH, Salzburg Netz GmbH, BEWAG Netz GmbH, Siemens AG Österreich,ICT Institute of Computer Technology / Vienna University of Technology, Energy EconomicsGroup / Vienna University of Technology, Fronius International GmbH As part of the programs: “Energiesysteme der Zukunft”, BMVIT / „Neue Energien 2020“, Klima- und EnergiefondsStatus: in progress since 03/2011

■ IRON Concept Project partners: LINZ STROM GmbH, Sonnenplatz Großschönau GmbH, Envidatec GmbH, ICT Institute of Computer Technology / Vienna University of Technology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USAAs part of the programs: “Energiesysteme der Zukunft”, BMVIT / „Neue Energien 2020“, Klima- und EnergiefondsStatus: completed

PROJECT PARTNERS

Energie AG Oberösterreich Netz GmbHDipl.-Ing. Dr. Walter Tenschert (MD) [email protected] Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Andreas Abart [email protected] www.netzgmbh.at

LINZ STROM Netz GmbHDipl- Ing. Dr. Karl [email protected]://www.linzag.at

INFORMATIONPUBLICATIONS

Final reports on the projects are published by bmvit (in German) in the series “Berichte aus Energie- und Umweltforschung”.

A full list of these reports, and facilities for downloading them, are to be found on the website: www.NachhaltigWirtschaften.at

Further informations:www.ENERGIESYSTEMEderZukunft.at/highlights/smartgrids

SMART GRIDS PIONIER REGION UPPER AUSTRIA

STRATEGIES FOR A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SYSTEM USING RENEWABLES TO THE FULL

The issue of reliable, efficient energy

supply to provide services and pro-

ducts (both essential and convenient)

is critical for a sustainable economy.

The aim of the BMVIT subprogram

„Energy Systems of Tomorrow“ is to

develop technologies and strategies

for an efficient, flexible energy

supply system based on exploiting

renewable sources of energy and

capable of meeting our energy

needs indefinitely. Deploying a wide

range of technology-related mo-

dules and concomitant activities is

intended to provide impetus to this

sector, and thus open up new oppor-

tunities for Austrian business.

0 200 400 600 800 [GWh/a]

Potential for generating electricity in Upper Austria

1,000 1,200 1,400

■ Renewables [GWh]in 2006

■ Minimum potential in 2030■ Maximum potential in 2030

■ Total technically feasible potential [GWh]

Generation frombiomass

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Landfill/sewage gas

Geothermal energy Sou

Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology

Folder_1-11_en_Ausf 12.05.2011 17:58 Uhr Seite 1

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PROJECT PARTNERS

0 200 400 600 800 [GWh/a]

1,000 1,200 1,400

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1 SCADA DMS: Supervisory Control And Data AquisitionDistribution Management System

2 DSM: Demand Side Management3 DG: Distributed Generation

Development

Pioniers

Research

Business model

Legal framework

Technology

Large-scaleapplication

Basis: transmission & distribution grids

Basis: grid control systems / SCADA DMS1

Basis: Smart Metering, Smart Services, Energy efficiency

Smart Planning

Smart Monitoring

Smart Control

Voltage control: DSM 2

DG integration 3

Low volta

2020 2040

■ Both electricity suppliers in Upper Austria are carrying out several research,development and demonstration projects in the smart-grid field, and are working out innovative solutions for smart technologies and applications andnew services for their customers. This provides a firm footing for restructuringthe electricity supply system step by step, and for integrating peripheral contributions from renewable resources. Both companies take advantage ofopportunities to collaborate. The long-term strategy for Smart Grid activities inUpper Austria is shown in the diagram on the right. The strategic starting-pointis summed up in the acronym Max|RES (Maximum Renewable Energy Sources).Further development and implementation are to be pushed ahead in close cooperation between the two key players, Energie AG Oberösterreich and LINZ AG, with support from the Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation andTechnology (BMVIT) and the Austrian Climate and Energy Fund (Klima- undEnergiefonds) in the context of research initiatives.

■ As renewable sources of energy are tapped more widely, electricity generationbecomes increasingly decentralized – and this imposes entirely new demands ongrids. Building on preliminary scientific work and on the rollout of smart meters,the long-term aim is to develop innovative ways of integrating peripheral gene-rating facilities such as photovoltaic systems or wind farms, in both medium-voltage and low-voltage grids. With conventional technology in place, coping with distributed generation on a large scale involves a great deal of expenditure. Innovative planning strategies, appropriate technologies and stable business models for smart planning, smart monitoring and smart control make solutionswith much better cost/benefit ratios possible.

MODULES FOR REALIZING THE SMART GRIDS PIONIER REGION UPPER AUSTRIA

P R O J E C T S

S T R A T E G Y

DG DEMONET – Active distribution grid operation in medium-voltage grid

Together with scientific institutes andother grid operators, Energie AGOberösterreich have developed fourinnovative control strategies withwhich to stay within voltage limits andensure a reliable power supply evenwith increased peripheral feed-in (e.g.from wind farms or hydro generators).In the current validation phase thesestrategies are being implementedunder real-life conditions in the formof test platforms in two grid sections,in collaboration with VKW Vorarlber-ger Kraftwerke AG and Salzburg AG. In the future scenario the assumption is that in Energie AG Oberösterreich’sservice area mainly PV units will beadded. Energie AG Oberösterreich are making their know-how available during validation, and investigatinghow widely the solutions are appli-cable; as part of this the time seriesdata from years of measuring voltagesin medium-voltage grid branches areevaluated, and potential assessed.

SMART LV GRID – Integrating peripheral electricity suppliers in low-voltage grids

With the spread of PV units on a large scale, more and more consumers (households) will become electricitysuppliers too in future. Both thesesmall-scale suppliers and other newgrid participants, such as electric ve-hicles, present major challenges to low-voltage grids. It will thus be necessary

to monitor grid operation through-out, and to intervene actively toensure that the system constraintsare complied with. The project DG Demonet Smart LV Grid, whichEnergie AG Oberösterreich, LINZ STROM Netz GmbH and Salzburg Netz GmbH are imple-menting together with partners in science and industry, is focussedon developing and evaluatingintelligent planning, monitoring,management and control approa-ches to integrating peripheralelectricity suppliers and flexibleloads (such as heat storage or elec-tric vehicles) in low-voltage gridssystematically. Here existing infra-structure and new technologies,such as the smart metering com-munications systems, are to beutilized efficiently as regardsenergy and costs. As part of theproject PV capacities in selectedlocations will be massively expan-ded, such that in the absence ofadaptive measures the grid wouldbe unable to cope. Suitable solu-tions will be developed by meansof co-simulation in communica-tions and power grids. These ap-proaches are to be evaluated as abasis for developing future tech-nologies, standards, connectioncriteria and models for feeding in.

margins are added –severely restrictingthe number of addi-tional distributed gene-rating facilities that can beaccomodated, which runs counter to the political goal of massive marketpenetration by renewables. Energie AGOberösterreich and their partners havedeveloped a method of mapping theactual voltages and demand levels in

low-voltage grids in town and country:“Power Snap-Shot Analysis by Meters“.Smart meters provide the necessarydata. Data gathered in roughly 100representative local grids are used tocharacterize the state of the grid andconstruct appropriate grid models; this makes it possible to improve gridplanning and grid operation signifi-cantly, and to develop support tools for operation.

Information flows in electrical energy system – IRON Concept

To date there is little or no communi-cation with consumers or small sup-pliers in the power grid. Project IRON(LINZ AG and partners) explored market-oriented ways of utilizing effi-ciency-boosting potential that has notyet been tapped. The focus was largelyon load management, in which themain concern is with rescheduling loadsover time. Both consumers and sup-pliers can be influenced only if a com-munications infrastructure based onsmart metering is in place. The techni-cal models looked into will be evalua-ted in follow-up projects, mainly interms of their economic aspects.

The existing low-voltage grid is notdesigned to accommodate feeding insignificant amounts of electricity fromperipheral generating facilities such asphotovoltaic systems. As things stand,the operative decisions this requires still have to be based on individualcalculations and on estimating loadpeaks in individual segments of thegrid. To ensure that the voltage stayswithin defined limits, ample safety

MAX|RES – Maximum Renewable Energy Sources for Upper Austria SMART GRIDS

From the idea to large-scale application

SMART MONITORING – SMART PLANNING – SMART CONTROLACTIVE GRIDS TO INTEGRATE PERIPHERAL SUPPLIERS

Smart network planning – Probabilistic assessment

In the Smart Planning project, whichbuilds on the IRON Concept, LINZ AGare working on new planning methodsfor connecting additional peripheralsuppliers to the grid. In a demonstra-tion project the economic advantagesof switching from conventional plan-ning to a new assessment approach,probabilistic planning, are being established.

The benefits from this method havealready been demonstrated in twoscenarios: feeding power from severalPV units into a low-voltage grid, andfrom a planned wind farm into a medium-voltage grid. In conventionalassessment the assumption is “Maxi-mum load under the least favourableoperating conditions”; evaluation iscarried out for peak load and off-peakload (in each case with and withoutpower fed in). The result obtained isthat with power fed in the voltageexceeds the permissible ceiling, i.e. itwould be necessary to reduce the feed-in rate.

The new assessment method relies onstatistical assumptions about the be-haviour of the factors influencing thesystem. The aim is to compute the pro-bable voltage at the connection point,taking the stochastic behaviour of allconsumers and suppliers into account.Examples reveal that the voltage at the connection point only occasionallyexceeds the permissible ceiling. If thegrid operator can cap suppliers brieflyas soon as the voltage reaches thisceiling, a much higher rating can beconnected to the grid (without invest-ment in conventional technologies).

Results of probabilistic assessment

Eyes in the grid – ISOLVES: PSSA-M (Power Snap-Shot Analysis by Meters)

Power Snap-Shot by Meters

■ Both Energie AG Oberösterreich andLINZ AG started early on implementingand testing smart functions in real life.Experience from the first rollout ofsmart meters, involving a variety oftechnologies and manufacturers, iscurrently being analysed. This will be-nefit both grid operators at the stageof large-scale implementation, as eachcan take advantage of the other’s ex-perience. The facilities provided make itpossible not only to automate meteringfor billing purposes and for registering,deregistering and reregistering, butalso to optimize internal processes atthe customer’s end. With the introduc-tion of smart metering, new services,such as detailed information aboutconsumption patterns, tips on energyconservation or offers based on newtariff models, are provided to custo-mers. By means of smart metering sys-

tems it is also possible to obtain dataon voltage levels in the distributiongrid, as a basis for operating the gridmore efficiently. In addition, two-waydata transfer becomes possible, makingswitching and other smart functionsfeasible. Meanwhile the confidentialityof the individual customer’s data isensured. Data transfer is by DLC (Distribution Line Communication) viathe power line. The data obtained arepassed to data concentrators at thesub-transformers, then packaged andtransmitted to the grid operator viaoptical cables, radio data transmissionor GPRS links.

Energie AG Oberösterreich employ the Siemens AMIS package to collectthe data on the customers’ electricityconsumption, plus data from the gridinfrastructure. Arrangements to tie

in meters for other utilities (such as gas,district heating, water) are already inplace. Work is in progress on demand-side management, additional serviceoptions and integrating electric vehicles.By mid 2012 roughly 100,000 and by2020 about 500,000 customers will beequipped with the new meter techno-logy. Since 2007 LINZ AG have, togetherwith their partner ubitronix system so-lutions GmbH, equipped around 50,000households with Echelon electronicelectricity meters. The data are transmit-ted to headquarters in Linz on the basisof individual agreements. The system isused to read electricity and gas metersand to transmit grid data; it is plannedto extend it to cover other utilities (gas,district heating, water etc.). Within thenext ten years 240,000 meters through-out the service area are to be upgradedto smart meters.

SMART METERING NEW SERVICES FOR ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS

Development

Pioniers

Research

Business model

Legal framework

Technology

Smart Planning

Smart Monitoring

Smart Control

DG integration 3

Low volta

2020 2040

P R O J E C T S

S T R A T E G Y

Development

Pioniers

Research

Business model

Legal framework

Technology

Smart Planning

Smart Monitoring

Smart Control

DG integration 3

Low volta

2020 2040

P R O J E C T S

S T R A T E G Y

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PROJECT PARTNERS

0 200 400 600 800 [GWh/a]

1,000 1,200 1,400

Biogas

Landfill/sewage gas

Verlagspostamt A-1010 Wien. - Nachhaltig Wirtschaften · 2016-07-15 · gent, sustainable energy...

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