Wind Energie in Korea - Status und Ausblick - Prof. Emeritus Dr.-Ing. Chunghwan Chun Pohang...

Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea - Status und Ausblick -- Status und Ausblick -

Prof. Emeritus Dr.-Ing. Chunghwan Chun

Pohang University of Science and Technology

Wissenschaftlicher Gespraechskreis(WGK)am 21. Mai 2007 im Goethe-Institut, Seoul

UebersichtUebersichtI. Energiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der Erneuerbaren

II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige Entwicklung

III. Stand der Windenergie in Korea1. Wo stehen die Windparks und wie gross sind sie?

2. Wie gross ist das Windpotential?

3. Welche WEA-Prototypen sind bereits entwickelt?

4. Was wird gefoerdert und wie gross ist das Budget?

IV. Ausblick 1. Windparks in Entwicklung und Planung

2. Multi-Megawatt WEA in Entwicklung

3. Ziele der Erneuerbaren bis 2011

4. Aktionsplan und der Foerderungs-Etat bis 2012

V. Liste der Quellen der verwendeten Vorlagen

I. Energiesiesituation in Korea und I. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der Erneuerbarendie Anteile der Erneuerbaren

Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea

Energy Status of Korea

High dependency on energy importsImports about 97% of the energy used

More than 80% of oil from the Middle East

Source : MOCIE

81.873.376.973.798.8Import from the Middle East of

total oil

44.349.152.053.861.1Oil in total energy

96.897.197.287.973.5Overseas Energy Dependency

’05’02’00’90’80Classification

Energy Imports( unit : % )

I. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der ErneuerbarenI. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der Erneuerbaren


But still higher energy intensitycompared to advancedcountries

Primary energy consumption * 80~90’s over 7.5% from 2000 3~5%

Improvement of energy intensitysince ‘97

(IEA, '04)

80’s 90’s '97 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05

43.9

Primary Energy Consumption(Mil. TOE)

Primary Energy Consumption(Mil. TOE)

93.2

208.6215.1

220.2

229.3

0.337

Energy Intensity (TOE/1000$, '00 price) Energy Intensity (TOE/1000$, '00 price)

192.9

0.327

0.3810.373

0.352

0.5

0.4

0.2

0.1

250

200

150

100

50

0.348

0.1080.217 0.199

0.348

Energy Status of KoreaEnergy Status of Korea



Achievements In NRE

NRE/Total Energy Consumption is 2.27% (2006, tentative)

8PV

4,028

32

Wind

941

62

SolarThermal

221Bio

Hydro

Waste

%Amount(1000toe)Resource

Targeting 5% of Total Energy Consumption by 2011

0.15

76.0

0.6

17.8

1.1

4.2

Geothermal 8 0.15

Hydro 17.8%

Bio 4.1%Wind 1.2%

Solar Thermal 0.6%PV 0.2%

Geothermal 0.2%

Waste 76.0 %


II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige EntwiDeutschland und kuenftige Entwicklungcklung


Installierte LeistungInstallierte Leistung

II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige EntwicklungII. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige Entwicklung


Top 5 in 2006 in DeutschlandTop 5 in 2006 in Deutschland

Niedersachsen

Schleswig-Holstein

4

Brandenburg

Nordrhein-Westfalen

5

Sachsen-Anhalt3

2

1

Install. Leistung

Gesamt 31.12.06

MWBundesland

5.282,54

2.390,51

3.128,16

2.392,26

2.544,01

Brandenburg

Nordrhein-Westfalen

4

Niedersachsen

Rheinland-Pfalz

5

Sachsen-Anhalt3

2

1

Install. Leistung

01.01.~31.12.06

MWBundesland

508,60

167,70

377,98

182,10

339,75

Sachsen-Anhalt

Niedersachsen

4

Schleswig-Holstein

Brandenburg

5

Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

3

2

1

Anteil am Netto-stromverbrauch

%Bundesland

37,51

18,98

34,87

28,05

33,37



Anteil des potentiellen Jahresenergieertrags aus WEA am Nettostromverbrauch



The companies Polled Expect a The companies Polled Expect a Market for ….Market for ….


III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea

1. Wo stehen die Windparks und wie gr1. Wo stehen die Windparks und wie gross sind sie?oss sind sie?


Operating Wind Farms in KoreaOperating Wind Farms in Korea

Installed capacity by 2005 is about 100 MW with 108 turbinesYeong Deok and Dae Gwan Ryung shares 68% (67.6 MW) of total supply of wind energy

105,120105,12028,00028,00014142MW~2MW~

217,013217,01399,77299,772108108TotalTotal

2,9042,9041,7501,75033~600kW~600kW

52,19852,19823,83523,8353232~1 MW~1 MW

99,86499,86445,60045,6002828~2 MW~2 MW

47447437537522~200kW~200kW

2522522122122929~100kW~100kW

RangeRange UnitUnit Capacity Capacity (kW)(kW)

Energy Energy (MWh)(MWh)



Large Wind Farms in KoreaLarge Wind Farms in Korea

Site location Young Deok, Gyeongbuk

Wind park capacity

39.6 MW

Estimated AEP 96,680 MWh/year

WTG model NM82 (V82)

WTG type class IEC IIB

Number of WTG units

24 Ⅹ 1.65 MW

Weibull parameter Shape factor (A) : 7.8Scale factor (k) : 1.98

Project sattus ’05. 3 : start operationSite location Dae Gwan Ryung, Gangwon

Wind park capacity

98 MW

Estimated AEP 244,400 MWh/year

WTG model V80

WTG type class IEC IA & IIA

Number of WTG units

49 Ⅹ 2.0 MW

Weibull parameter Shape factor (A) : 7.95Scale factor (k) : 1.61

Project status ’05.11 : Complete 1st phase (14units)’06.08 : Complete 2nd phase(35units)’06.10 : Plan for operation



New Wind Farm CompletedNew Wind Farm Completed

• Daekwanryung in Gangwon wind farm (by UNISON)

• Installation capacity : 98MW

• Annual average wind speed : 7.5m/s at 60m Hub Height

• Turbine : Type Class II - V80 (2.0MW) x 49 units

• Operation : 14 units - end of 2005 => Total 49 units - October 2006

서산

파주

남해

거제

경주

영덕

대부도측도

대호영월

제천단양

비응도

가력도왕등도

서부해안동부해안

중간산

대관령

포항

태안

보령

서천

태백삼척



Current Wind EnergyCurrent Wind Energy

Total installed wind capacityTotal installed wind capacity 98 MW

Offshore installed wind capacityOffshore installed wind capacity -

Annual new wind capacityAnnual new wind capacity 70 MW

Total number of turbinesTotal number of turbines 78 ea

Average new turbine capacityAverage new turbine capacity 1.7 MW

Wind generated electricityWind generated electricity 125 GWh

National electricity demandNational electricity demand 364.64 TWh

% of national electricity demand from wind% of national electricity demand from wind 0.034 %

(End of 2005)


2. Wie gross ist das Windpotential?2. Wie gross ist das Windpotential?


[Weibull Distribution, k=2]경기도 지역 풍력자원

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14wind speed [m/s]

Fre

quency

[%]

파 주

측 도

대부도

[Weibull Distribution, k=2]강원도 지역 풍력자원

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0 5 10 15 20 25wind speed [m/s]

Fre

quency

[%

]

영월매봉고성횡성삼척태백매봉산함백산

[Weibull Distribution, k=2]전라북도 지역 풍력자원

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0 5 10 15 20wind speed [m/s]

Fre

quency [

%]

비응도

가력도

(30mH)왕등도

[Weibull Distribution, k=2]충청도 지역 풍력자원

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14wind speed [m/s]

Fre

quency

[%

]

서산대호당진태안보령서천

[Weibull Distribution, k=2]경상도 지역 풍력자원

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20wind speed [m/s]

Fre

que

ncy

[%]

영덕

남해

거제

경주

포항

[Weibull Distribution, k=2]제주도 지역 풍력자원

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0 5 10 15 20wind speed [m/s]

Freq

uenc

y [%

]

서부지역

동부지역

중간산

Gangwon-Do, Vm:3.6~8.4m/s

Kyungsang-Do, Vm: 3.8~6.9m/s

Jeju-Do, Vm: 5.8~7.5m/s

서산

파주

남해

거제

경주

영덕

대부도측도

대호영월

제천단양

비응도

가력도왕등도

서부해안동부해안

중간산

대관령

포항

태안

보령

서천

태백삼척

IEC I / II

IEC II / III

IEC III

Wind Resource OnshoreWind Resource Onshore

Geonla-Do, Vm : 5.4~5.6m/s

Gyonggi-Do, Vm : 3.1~4.2 m/s

Chungnam-Do, 5.4~5.6 m/s



Offshore Possibility in KoreaOffshore Possibility in Korea

wind energy density wind energy density distributiondistribution

Offshore average wind Offshore average wind speedspeed

[kW/h][m/s]


3. Welche WEA-Prototypen sind bereits 3. Welche WEA-Prototypen sind bereits entwickelt?entwickelt?


Wind Turbine DevelopmentWind Turbine Development

10kW

750kW Gearless(field test)750kW Geared (field test)


4. 4. Was wird gefoerdert und wie gross isWas wird gefoerdert und wie gross ist das Budget?t das Budget?


Investment For NRE

Budget Increased by 120% from 2004 to 2007

Unit : M US$

R & DDeployment Subsidy

- General Subsidy

- Solar Roof System

- Renewable Energy ComplexLoan

Feed-in tariff

2004 2005 2006 2007

73.2

66.9

94.0

92.3

124.5

137.5

132.6

154.1

9.7

6.336.9

14.0

23.3

16.040.0

13.0

28.0

49.047.5

13.0

41.0

49.051.1

13.0

50.0 117.0 121.3 121.3

6.3 20.8 26.3 27.0

196.4 324.2 409.6 435.1Total



R&D InvestmentR&D Investment

Systematic R&D activities on wind power have been conducted since 1988

54 billion won was invested in R&D between 1988 and 2005 (37 projects; 36.8 billion Won from the government)

1988~2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Total

Project No.

New 16 2 4 13 2 37

Continue 12 7 4 1 12 36

Total 28 9 8 14 14 73

R&D Expenses

(million Won)

Government

10,963 3,254 3,739 8,312 10,886 36,813

Private 7,241 2,011 1,877 2,243 4,086 17,295

Total 18,204 5,265 5,616 10,555 14,972 54,108 750 kW class (Geared & Gearless) completed by December 2004

New concept of 1MW dual rotor type schedule to be completed by June 2006

2MW Multibrid type under developing until August 2007

Small size turbines under developing (10kW, 100kW)

3 MW concept completed and scheduled to be start during 2006

Offshore test field project has been started from December 2005



2006 National Wind R&D Projects2006 National Wind R&D Projects

Government Support Project

Budget

Project

Term

2006 Total

Gov.Compa

nyGov.

Company

Sum

2MW Multibrid-type wind turbine2MW Multibrid-type wind turbine 2,607

1,118 6,910 2,798 9,708 3

Blade extension to low windBlade extension to low wind 298 146 1,414 660 2,074 3

MW inverter systems for MW inverter systems for WECSWECS

195 205 746 803 1,549 3

2MW Geared DFIG wind 2MW Geared DFIG wind turbineturbine

637 469 2,814 1,926 4,740 3

Offshore test siteOffshore test site 7,300

2,46617,50

06,245

23,745 4

Projects _ cont.(unit : million won)

(exchange rate : 1 US$ = 950 Won, 1 EUR = 1250 Won )



2006 National Wind R&D Projects2006 National Wind R&D Projects

Government Support Project

Budget

Project

Term

2006 Total

GoV. Company

Gov.Compa

nySum

3MW offshore wind turbine3MW offshore wind turbine 1,279

1,774 7,488 9,23516,72

33

Wind Turbine Technology Wind Turbine Technology Research CenterResearch Center

1,100

779 6,900 4,38911,28

95

Set-up design assessmentSet-up design assessment

for accreditation processfor accreditation process400 181 581 2

New test field siteNew test field site

To request for proposal in 2006High-resolution offshore High-resolution offshore wind resource mapwind resource map

Small wind turbinesSmall wind turbines

New Projects(unit : million won)



Rate Change of Feed-in TariffRate Change of Feed-in Tariff

(effective October 11, 2006)

SourceSource TargetTarget

CapacityCapacity CategoryCategoryFeed-inFeed-inTariffTariff

(Won/kWh)(Won/kWh)remarkremark

Solar Cell Over 3 kW

Over 30 kW 677.38 Reduction rate4% every year(3 year waiver)Below 30 kW 711.25

Wind Over 10 kW 107.29Reduction rate2% every year(3 year waiver)

Fuel cell Over 200 kW

Bio gas 234.53 Reduction rate3% every year(2 year waiver)

others 282.54


IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick

1. Windparks in Entwicklung und Planu1. Windparks in Entwicklung und Planungng


Wind Farms under developingWind Farms under developing

Developing capacity is about 427 MWTotal capacity exceeds the national target of the year 2008



Wind Farms under planningWind Farms under planning

Planning capacity is about total 674 MW Total capacity may exceed the national target of the year 2011



Offshore test projectOffshore test project

Government initiated the offshore test field projectOperating Agent : Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) Project site : Woljung (east northern part of Jeju-Do)Project terms : 2005. 12 – 2009. 12Project budget : Total 23,745 million Won (Government : 17,500 M Won)4MW (2MW x 2) offshore installationProject Objectives :

Gaining knowledge on offshore development Set up all the procedure for new establishment on national offshore regulations Building up the experience for the offshore installation Building up the experience for the offshore power cabling & grid connection Practice of all the offshore wind farm operation & acquire certification Acquire data for the offshore initial feed-in tariff Set up the O&M procedure Study on environmental effect


2. Multi-Megawatt WEA in Entwicklung2. Multi-Megawatt WEA in Entwicklung



2MW Multibrid Type




3MW Offshore Concept Design


3. Ziele der Erneuerbaren bis 20113. Ziele der Erneuerbaren bis 2011


National TargetsNational Targets

『The Second National Energy Basic plan』publish in December 2002, states that the share of new and renewable energy in primary energy consumption be 3 percent in 2006 and 5 percent in 2011 respectively『The Second Basic plan for New & Renewable Energy Technology Development and Dissemination (2003 – 2012)』established in December 2003

(Unit: 1,000 toe)

New & renewable energy 2003 2006 2011

Supply % Supply % Supply %

Solar thermal 41.4 0.93 101.5 1.45 318.1 2.39

Biomass 197.0 4.43 495.0 7.07 1,050.0 7.87

Wastes 3,080.0 69.20 5,050.0 72.13 7,540.0 56.54

Solar PVs 2.7 0.06 21.9 0.31 341.2 2.56

Wind 13.1 0.29 125.9 1.80 1,311.4 9.83

Small hydro 50.0 1.12 111.0 1.59 446.0 3.34

Fuel cells - - 0.4 0.01 147.1 1.10

Geothermal 0.8 0.02 12.1 0.17 160.8 1.21

Ocean - - 0.7 0.01 431.5 3.24

Hydrogen - - - - 1.3 0.01

(Subtotal) 3,385 76.05 5,919 84.54 12,122 90.90

Hydropower 1,066 23.95 1,082 15.45 1,213 9.10

Total 4,451 100 7,001 100 13,335 100

Total energy use 215,825 237,589 269,323

Percentage of new & renewable energy to total energy (%)

2.06 3.0 5.0


4. Aktionsplan und der Foerderungs-Eta4. Aktionsplan und der Foerderungs-Etat bis 2012t bis 2012


Action PlanAction Plan

• Scaling-up of Wind Turbines : 1 MW (2005) → 1.5 MW (2008) → 3 MW (2012)

• Lower Cost of Installation : $ 1,200/kW (2003) → $ 600/kW (2012)

• Lower Cost of Generation : 10 ¢/kWh (2003) → 3 ¢/kWh (2012)

• Onshore Installation : 207 MW (2006) → 1,587 MW (2012)

• Offshore Installation : 5 MW (2006)→680 MW (2012)

Develop and commercialize mid-sized 750 kW turbines. Develop and commercialize small-sized 30 kW turbines

for distributed power Build a database for wind resources; develop a predictive

technology.

Develop large-sized 1-1.5 MW turbines. Demonstrate 1 MW turbines. Develop offshore system technology.

Develop and commercialize super-sized 3 MW turbines. Commercialize grid connection and application technology. Build a database of offshore wind resources.

Phase 1 (2003-2006)Phase 1 (2003-2006)Development of deployment-driven

technologies

Phase 2 (2006-2009)Phase 2 (2006-2009)Development of

Mass Deployment Technologies

Phase 3 (2009-2012)Phase 3 (2009-2012)Development of Low-priced product

technologies



Liste der Quellen der verwendeten Vorlagen Liste der Quellen der verwendeten Vorlagen

DEWI Statistik 2006-Windenergienutzung in Deutschland, Jan. 2007

DEWI Wind energy study 2006

Status of New & Renewable Energy Policy by Yoon, Suk-Yoon of Korea Energy Management Corporation, New & Renweable Energy Center, April 2007

Status of Wind Energy in Korea, 57th and 58th IEA Wind ExCo Meeting, March and September 2006 by Chinwha Chung of Pohang Wind Energy Resaerch Center

EWEA, nofuel, 2007

Wind Energie in Korea - Status und Ausblick - Prof. Emeritus Dr.-Ing. Chunghwan Chun Pohang...

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