Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea - Status und Ausblick -- Status und Ausblick -
Prof. Emeritus Dr.-Ing. Chunghwan Chun
Pohang University of Science and Technology
Wissenschaftlicher Gespraechskreis(WGK)am 21. Mai 2007 im Goethe-Institut, Seoul
UebersichtUebersichtI. Energiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der Erneuerbaren
II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige Entwicklung
III. Stand der Windenergie in Korea1. Wo stehen die Windparks und wie gross sind sie?
2. Wie gross ist das Windpotential?
3. Welche WEA-Prototypen sind bereits entwickelt?
4. Was wird gefoerdert und wie gross ist das Budget?
IV. Ausblick 1. Windparks in Entwicklung und Planung
2. Multi-Megawatt WEA in Entwicklung
3. Ziele der Erneuerbaren bis 2011
4. Aktionsplan und der Foerderungs-Etat bis 2012
V. Liste der Quellen der verwendeten Vorlagen
I. Energiesiesituation in Korea und I. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der Erneuerbarendie Anteile der Erneuerbaren
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Energy Status of Korea
High dependency on energy importsImports about 97% of the energy used
More than 80% of oil from the Middle East
Source : MOCIE
81.873.376.973.798.8Import from the Middle East of
total oil
44.349.152.053.861.1Oil in total energy
96.897.197.287.973.5Overseas Energy Dependency
’05’02’00’90’80Classification
Energy Imports( unit : % )
I. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der ErneuerbarenI. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der Erneuerbaren
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
But still higher energy intensitycompared to advancedcountries
Primary energy consumption * 80~90’s over 7.5% from 2000 3~5%
Improvement of energy intensitysince ‘97
(IEA, '04)
80’s 90’s '97 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05
43.9
Primary Energy Consumption(Mil. TOE)
Primary Energy Consumption(Mil. TOE)
93.2
208.6215.1
220.2
229.3
0.337
Energy Intensity (TOE/1000$, '00 price) Energy Intensity (TOE/1000$, '00 price)
192.9
0.327
0.3810.373
0.352
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.1
250
200
150
100
50
0.348
0.1080.217 0.199
0.348
Energy Status of KoreaEnergy Status of Korea
I. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der ErneuerbarenI. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der Erneuerbaren
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Achievements In NRE
NRE/Total Energy Consumption is 2.27% (2006, tentative)
8PV
4,028
32
Wind
941
62
SolarThermal
221Bio
Hydro
Waste
%Amount(1000toe)Resource
Targeting 5% of Total Energy Consumption by 2011
0.15
76.0
0.6
17.8
1.1
4.2
Geothermal 8 0.15
Hydro 17.8%
Bio 4.1%Wind 1.2%
Solar Thermal 0.6%PV 0.2%
Geothermal 0.2%
Waste 76.0 %
I. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der ErneuerbarenI. Energiesiesituation in Korea und die Anteile der Erneuerbaren
II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige EntwiDeutschland und kuenftige Entwicklungcklung
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Installierte LeistungInstallierte Leistung
II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige EntwicklungII. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige Entwicklung
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Top 5 in 2006 in DeutschlandTop 5 in 2006 in Deutschland
Niedersachsen
Schleswig-Holstein
4
Brandenburg
Nordrhein-Westfalen
5
Sachsen-Anhalt3
2
1
Install. Leistung
Gesamt 31.12.06
MWBundesland
5.282,54
2.390,51
3.128,16
2.392,26
2.544,01
Brandenburg
Nordrhein-Westfalen
4
Niedersachsen
Rheinland-Pfalz
5
Sachsen-Anhalt3
2
1
Install. Leistung
01.01.~31.12.06
MWBundesland
508,60
167,70
377,98
182,10
339,75
Sachsen-Anhalt
Niedersachsen
4
Schleswig-Holstein
Brandenburg
5
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
3
2
1
Anteil am Netto-stromverbrauch
%Bundesland
37,51
18,98
34,87
28,05
33,37
II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige EntwicklungII. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige Entwicklung
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Anteil des potentiellen Jahresenergieertrags aus WEA am Nettostromverbrauch
II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige EntwicklungII. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige Entwicklung
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
The companies Polled Expect a The companies Polled Expect a Market for ….Market for ….
II. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige EntwicklungII. Stand der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland und kuenftige Entwicklung
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
1. Wo stehen die Windparks und wie gr1. Wo stehen die Windparks und wie gross sind sie?oss sind sie?
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Operating Wind Farms in KoreaOperating Wind Farms in Korea
Installed capacity by 2005 is about 100 MW with 108 turbinesYeong Deok and Dae Gwan Ryung shares 68% (67.6 MW) of total supply of wind energy
105,120105,12028,00028,00014142MW~2MW~
217,013217,01399,77299,772108108TotalTotal
2,9042,9041,7501,75033~600kW~600kW
52,19852,19823,83523,8353232~1 MW~1 MW
99,86499,86445,60045,6002828~2 MW~2 MW
47447437537522~200kW~200kW
2522522122122929~100kW~100kW
RangeRange UnitUnit Capacity Capacity (kW)(kW)
Energy Energy (MWh)(MWh)
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Large Wind Farms in KoreaLarge Wind Farms in Korea
Site location Young Deok, Gyeongbuk
Wind park capacity
39.6 MW
Estimated AEP 96,680 MWh/year
WTG model NM82 (V82)
WTG type class IEC IIB
Number of WTG units
24 Ⅹ 1.65 MW
Weibull parameter Shape factor (A) : 7.8Scale factor (k) : 1.98
Project sattus ’05. 3 : start operationSite location Dae Gwan Ryung, Gangwon
Wind park capacity
98 MW
Estimated AEP 244,400 MWh/year
WTG model V80
WTG type class IEC IA & IIA
Number of WTG units
49 Ⅹ 2.0 MW
Weibull parameter Shape factor (A) : 7.95Scale factor (k) : 1.61
Project status ’05.11 : Complete 1st phase (14units)’06.08 : Complete 2nd phase(35units)’06.10 : Plan for operation
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
New Wind Farm CompletedNew Wind Farm Completed
• Daekwanryung in Gangwon wind farm (by UNISON)
• Installation capacity : 98MW
• Annual average wind speed : 7.5m/s at 60m Hub Height
• Turbine : Type Class II - V80 (2.0MW) x 49 units
• Operation : 14 units - end of 2005 => Total 49 units - October 2006
서산
파주
남해
거제
경주
영덕
대부도측도
대호영월
제천단양
비응도
가력도왕등도
서부해안동부해안
중간산
대관령
포항
태안
보령
서천
태백삼척
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Current Wind EnergyCurrent Wind Energy
Total installed wind capacityTotal installed wind capacity 98 MW
Offshore installed wind capacityOffshore installed wind capacity -
Annual new wind capacityAnnual new wind capacity 70 MW
Total number of turbinesTotal number of turbines 78 ea
Average new turbine capacityAverage new turbine capacity 1.7 MW
Wind generated electricityWind generated electricity 125 GWh
National electricity demandNational electricity demand 364.64 TWh
% of national electricity demand from wind% of national electricity demand from wind 0.034 %
(End of 2005)
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
2. Wie gross ist das Windpotential?2. Wie gross ist das Windpotential?
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
[Weibull Distribution, k=2]경기도 지역 풍력자원
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14wind speed [m/s]
Fre
quency
[%]
파 주
측 도
대부도
[Weibull Distribution, k=2]강원도 지역 풍력자원
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0 5 10 15 20 25wind speed [m/s]
Fre
quency
[%
]
영월매봉고성횡성삼척태백매봉산함백산
[Weibull Distribution, k=2]전라북도 지역 풍력자원
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0 5 10 15 20wind speed [m/s]
Fre
quency [
%]
비응도
가력도
(30mH)왕등도
[Weibull Distribution, k=2]충청도 지역 풍력자원
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14wind speed [m/s]
Fre
quency
[%
]
서산대호당진태안보령서천
[Weibull Distribution, k=2]경상도 지역 풍력자원
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20wind speed [m/s]
Fre
que
ncy
[%]
영덕
남해
거제
경주
포항
[Weibull Distribution, k=2]제주도 지역 풍력자원
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0 5 10 15 20wind speed [m/s]
Freq
uenc
y [%
]
서부지역
동부지역
중간산
Gangwon-Do, Vm:3.6~8.4m/s
Kyungsang-Do, Vm: 3.8~6.9m/s
Jeju-Do, Vm: 5.8~7.5m/s
서산
파주
남해
거제
경주
영덕
대부도측도
대호영월
제천단양
비응도
가력도왕등도
서부해안동부해안
중간산
대관령
포항
태안
보령
서천
태백삼척
IEC I / II
IEC II / III
IEC III
Wind Resource OnshoreWind Resource Onshore
Geonla-Do, Vm : 5.4~5.6m/s
Gyonggi-Do, Vm : 3.1~4.2 m/s
Chungnam-Do, 5.4~5.6 m/s
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Offshore Possibility in KoreaOffshore Possibility in Korea
wind energy density wind energy density distributiondistribution
Offshore average wind Offshore average wind speedspeed
[kW/h][m/s]
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
3. Welche WEA-Prototypen sind bereits 3. Welche WEA-Prototypen sind bereits entwickelt?entwickelt?
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Wind Turbine DevelopmentWind Turbine Development
10kW
750kW Gearless(field test)750kW Geared (field test)
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Wind Turbine DevelopmentWind Turbine Development
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
4. 4. Was wird gefoerdert und wie gross isWas wird gefoerdert und wie gross ist das Budget?t das Budget?
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Investment For NRE
Budget Increased by 120% from 2004 to 2007
Unit : M US$
R & DDeployment Subsidy
- General Subsidy
- Solar Roof System
- Renewable Energy ComplexLoan
Feed-in tariff
2004 2005 2006 2007
73.2
66.9
94.0
92.3
124.5
137.5
132.6
154.1
9.7
6.336.9
14.0
23.3
16.040.0
13.0
28.0
49.047.5
13.0
41.0
49.051.1
13.0
50.0 117.0 121.3 121.3
6.3 20.8 26.3 27.0
196.4 324.2 409.6 435.1Total
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
R&D InvestmentR&D Investment
Systematic R&D activities on wind power have been conducted since 1988
54 billion won was invested in R&D between 1988 and 2005 (37 projects; 36.8 billion Won from the government)
1988~2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Total
Project No.
New 16 2 4 13 2 37
Continue 12 7 4 1 12 36
Total 28 9 8 14 14 73
R&D Expenses
(million Won)
Government
10,963 3,254 3,739 8,312 10,886 36,813
Private 7,241 2,011 1,877 2,243 4,086 17,295
Total 18,204 5,265 5,616 10,555 14,972 54,108 750 kW class (Geared & Gearless) completed by December 2004
New concept of 1MW dual rotor type schedule to be completed by June 2006
2MW Multibrid type under developing until August 2007
Small size turbines under developing (10kW, 100kW)
3 MW concept completed and scheduled to be start during 2006
Offshore test field project has been started from December 2005
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
2006 National Wind R&D Projects2006 National Wind R&D Projects
Government Support Project
Budget
Project
Term
2006 Total
Gov.Compa
nyGov.
Company
Sum
2MW Multibrid-type wind turbine2MW Multibrid-type wind turbine 2,607
1,118 6,910 2,798 9,708 3
Blade extension to low windBlade extension to low wind 298 146 1,414 660 2,074 3
MW inverter systems for MW inverter systems for WECSWECS
195 205 746 803 1,549 3
2MW Geared DFIG wind 2MW Geared DFIG wind turbineturbine
637 469 2,814 1,926 4,740 3
Offshore test siteOffshore test site 7,300
2,46617,50
06,245
23,745 4
Projects _ cont.(unit : million won)
(exchange rate : 1 US$ = 950 Won, 1 EUR = 1250 Won )
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
2006 National Wind R&D Projects2006 National Wind R&D Projects
Government Support Project
Budget
Project
Term
2006 Total
GoV. Company
Gov.Compa
nySum
3MW offshore wind turbine3MW offshore wind turbine 1,279
1,774 7,488 9,23516,72
33
Wind Turbine Technology Wind Turbine Technology Research CenterResearch Center
1,100
779 6,900 4,38911,28
95
Set-up design assessmentSet-up design assessment
for accreditation processfor accreditation process400 181 581 2
New test field siteNew test field site
To request for proposal in 2006High-resolution offshore High-resolution offshore wind resource mapwind resource map
Small wind turbinesSmall wind turbines
New Projects(unit : million won)
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Rate Change of Feed-in TariffRate Change of Feed-in Tariff
(effective October 11, 2006)
SourceSource TargetTarget
CapacityCapacity CategoryCategoryFeed-inFeed-inTariffTariff
(Won/kWh)(Won/kWh)remarkremark
Solar Cell Over 3 kW
Over 30 kW 677.38 Reduction rate4% every year(3 year waiver)Below 30 kW 711.25
Wind Over 10 kW 107.29Reduction rate2% every year(3 year waiver)
Fuel cell Over 200 kW
Bio gas 234.53 Reduction rate3% every year(2 year waiver)
others 282.54
III. Stand der Windenergie in KoreaIII. Stand der Windenergie in Korea
IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick
1. Windparks in Entwicklung und Planu1. Windparks in Entwicklung und Planungng
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Wind Farms under developingWind Farms under developing
Developing capacity is about 427 MWTotal capacity exceeds the national target of the year 2008
IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Wind Farms under planningWind Farms under planning
Planning capacity is about total 674 MW Total capacity may exceed the national target of the year 2011
IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Offshore test projectOffshore test project
Government initiated the offshore test field projectOperating Agent : Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) Project site : Woljung (east northern part of Jeju-Do)Project terms : 2005. 12 – 2009. 12Project budget : Total 23,745 million Won (Government : 17,500 M Won)4MW (2MW x 2) offshore installationProject Objectives :
Gaining knowledge on offshore development Set up all the procedure for new establishment on national offshore regulations Building up the experience for the offshore installation Building up the experience for the offshore power cabling & grid connection Practice of all the offshore wind farm operation & acquire certification Acquire data for the offshore initial feed-in tariff Set up the O&M procedure Study on environmental effect
IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick
2. Multi-Megawatt WEA in Entwicklung2. Multi-Megawatt WEA in Entwicklung
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Wind Turbine DevelopmentWind Turbine Development
2MW Multibrid Type
IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Wind Turbine DevelopmentWind Turbine Development
3MW Offshore Concept Design
IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick
3. Ziele der Erneuerbaren bis 20113. Ziele der Erneuerbaren bis 2011
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
National TargetsNational Targets
『The Second National Energy Basic plan』publish in December 2002, states that the share of new and renewable energy in primary energy consumption be 3 percent in 2006 and 5 percent in 2011 respectively『The Second Basic plan for New & Renewable Energy Technology Development and Dissemination (2003 – 2012)』established in December 2003
(Unit: 1,000 toe)
New & renewable energy 2003 2006 2011
Supply % Supply % Supply %
Solar thermal 41.4 0.93 101.5 1.45 318.1 2.39
Biomass 197.0 4.43 495.0 7.07 1,050.0 7.87
Wastes 3,080.0 69.20 5,050.0 72.13 7,540.0 56.54
Solar PVs 2.7 0.06 21.9 0.31 341.2 2.56
Wind 13.1 0.29 125.9 1.80 1,311.4 9.83
Small hydro 50.0 1.12 111.0 1.59 446.0 3.34
Fuel cells - - 0.4 0.01 147.1 1.10
Geothermal 0.8 0.02 12.1 0.17 160.8 1.21
Ocean - - 0.7 0.01 431.5 3.24
Hydrogen - - - - 1.3 0.01
(Subtotal) 3,385 76.05 5,919 84.54 12,122 90.90
Hydropower 1,066 23.95 1,082 15.45 1,213 9.10
Total 4,451 100 7,001 100 13,335 100
Total energy use 215,825 237,589 269,323
Percentage of new & renewable energy to total energy (%)
2.06 3.0 5.0
IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick
4. Aktionsplan und der Foerderungs-Eta4. Aktionsplan und der Foerderungs-Etat bis 2012t bis 2012
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Action PlanAction Plan
• Scaling-up of Wind Turbines : 1 MW (2005) → 1.5 MW (2008) → 3 MW (2012)
• Lower Cost of Installation : $ 1,200/kW (2003) → $ 600/kW (2012)
• Lower Cost of Generation : 10 ¢/kWh (2003) → 3 ¢/kWh (2012)
• Onshore Installation : 207 MW (2006) → 1,587 MW (2012)
• Offshore Installation : 5 MW (2006)→680 MW (2012)
Develop and commercialize mid-sized 750 kW turbines. Develop and commercialize small-sized 30 kW turbines
for distributed power Build a database for wind resources; develop a predictive
technology.
Develop large-sized 1-1.5 MW turbines. Demonstrate 1 MW turbines. Develop offshore system technology.
Develop and commercialize super-sized 3 MW turbines. Commercialize grid connection and application technology. Build a database of offshore wind resources.
Phase 1 (2003-2006)Phase 1 (2003-2006)Development of deployment-driven
technologies
Phase 2 (2006-2009)Phase 2 (2006-2009)Development of
Mass Deployment Technologies
Phase 3 (2009-2012)Phase 3 (2009-2012)Development of Low-priced product
technologies
IV. AusblickIV. Ausblick
Wind Energie in KoreaWind Energie in Korea
Liste der Quellen der verwendeten Vorlagen Liste der Quellen der verwendeten Vorlagen
DEWI Statistik 2006-Windenergienutzung in Deutschland, Jan. 2007
DEWI Wind energy study 2006
Status of New & Renewable Energy Policy by Yoon, Suk-Yoon of Korea Energy Management Corporation, New & Renweable Energy Center, April 2007
Status of Wind Energy in Korea, 57th and 58th IEA Wind ExCo Meeting, March and September 2006 by Chinwha Chung of Pohang Wind Energy Resaerch Center
EWEA, nofuel, 2007
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