Post on 10-Jul-2020
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
by Roland DiehlMPE Garching
Contents
Advisor-Seminar SS 2008Die TUM & LMU Dozenten im Bereich Nuklearer Astrophysik:
Prof. Dr. M. Asplund, Dr. R. Diehl, Dr. J. Greiner, Prof. W. Hillebrandt,Dr. H.-T. Janka, Prof. R. Krücken, Dr. F. Kupka, Dr. E. Müller, Dr. F. Röpke, Dr. P. Thirolf
TU MünchenLMU München
Max Planck Institut für extraterrestrische PhysikMax-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik
Kontakt: Dr. R. Diehl, Tel 089-30000-3850 email rod@mpe.mpg.de
Prof. Dr. R. Krücken, Tel 089-2891-2433 email Reiner.Kruecken@ph.tum.de
“Nuclei in the Cosmos:-Techniques of their astronomical Measurement-"
Termin: Mittwochs, 16:00-17:00hOrt: Max Planck Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, Raum 1.1.18b
Vorbesprechung: 22. October 2008
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Themes of the TalksThemes of the Talks
Concepts and Characteristics of an Astronomical TelescopeAstronomical Telescopes at Radio and Sub-Millimeter WavelengthsCharacteristics of High-Energy Astronomy TelescopesMeasuring Nuclei in Near-Earth Space and Cosmic RaysMeasuring Cosmic Nuclei in the Laboratory: Meteoritic InclusionsImaging in Different Wavelength Regimes of AstronomySpectroscopy in Different Wavelength Regimes of AstronomyStellar Photospheric Abundance DeterminationsAbundances in Cold/Normal Interstellar GasAbundance Lessons from Emission from Ionized Gas and Hot PlasmaAbundances of Isotopes from Nuclear-Line Spectroscopy
Understanding Cosmic-Ray Isotopic Abundances
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Concepts and Characteristics of an Astronomical TelescopeConcepts and Characteristics of an Astronomical Telescope
The Concepts of:Capturing Radiation of a Selected ObjectImaging a Field of ViewMeasuring Colors of Selected Objects
The History of Astronomical Telescopes400 years...
Telescope Examples and their CharacteristicsDesign Principles and their Properties
– Refractors and Reflectors– Interferometry– Adaptive Optics
How is Telescope Performance ...– ... achieved– ... measured/quantified– ... technically obtained and limited
Specifics of Different Spectral Bands– optical– infrared– UV to X-rays
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Astronomical Telescopes at Radio and SubAstronomical Telescopes at Radio and Sub--Millimeter WavelengthsMillimeter Wavelengths
History of Radio Astronomyfrom Military Radar to Penzias & Wilson
Modern Radio Telescope ExamplesArecibo, Effelsberg, Westerbork, VLA, ALMAHow to Target Sky RegionsHow to Optimize PerformanceLimitations from Undesired Sources (civilization; water vapor)
Antennae, Receivers & Signal AnalysisImaging Properties of AntennaeSignal-to-Noise Optimization in ReceiversFrom Fourier Analysis to Celestial-Signal Recovery
Interferometry, Wave Front MeasurementPrinciplesALMA Component Design
Measuring the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe WMAP and Planck Instrumentation & Missions
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Astronomical Telescopes at Infrared WavelengthsAstronomical Telescopes at Infrared Wavelengths
History of IR AstronomyBalloons, Aircraft, Satellites
Modern Space-Borne Telescope ExamplesISO 1995-1998Spitzer 2003+Herschel 2008+
IR Signaturesof Cosmic Elementsand Isotopes
Water
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Characteristics of HighCharacteristics of High--Energy Astronomy TelescopesEnergy Astronomy Telescopes
Limitations of Optical Telescope ElementsDiffraction & Reflection ProcessesWolter TelescopesLaue Telescopes
High-Energy Photon Interactions with MatterCompton ScatteringPair ProductionElectromagnetic Showers
Instrumental Concepts and ExamplesLight BucketsCoded Mask TelescopesCompton TelescopesTracking ChambersAtmospheric Shower Detectors
Capabilities & Limitations for HE Astronomy
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Measuring Nuclei in NearMeasuring Nuclei in Near--Earth Space and in Cosmic RaysEarth Space and in Cosmic Rays
Mass Spectrometryfrom Laboratory to Space ApplicationsOptics and its Performance Limits
EmulsionsPathlengths of Cosmic Rays in MaterialsAnalyzing Craters
Specific Missions/ProjectsThe STARDUST Mission
The Pamela Project
The AMS Project
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Measuring Cosmic Nuclei in the Laboratory: Meteoritic InclusionsMeasuring Cosmic Nuclei in the Laboratory: Meteoritic Inclusions
Sample PreparationChemistry of Meteoritic Samples
Ion ExtractionAtom BeamsSecondary-Ion OpticsMass SpectrometryResonant Laser Ionization
Device ConceptsSIMS, nanoSIMSRIMS
Analysis MethodsReference Isotopes,Relative Measurements3-Isotope Diagrams
Solid
Primary Ion
ImplantedPrimary
Ion
Y+ Y- Y0 X+ X- X0 (XY)+ (XY)- (XY)0
MurchisonSiC X grains
MainstreamGrains
-1000 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400δ30Si/28Si (‰)
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
δ29 S
i/28 S
i (‰
)
NanoSIMSNanoSIMS, 44TiIMS3f
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Imaging in Different Wavelength Regimes of AstronomyImaging in Different Wavelength Regimes of Astronomy
Relations between Measurement and Image
Data SpaceImage SpaceInstrumental Response & Background
Imaging IssuesTreatments of NoiseInstrumental Effects
Imaging ConceptsIntelligent FilteringRegularization Methods, Penalty FunctionsSpatially-Adaptive Recursive Deconvolution
ExamplesRadio AntennaeOptical Image-Data Post-ProcessingPhoton Event Image Constructions
MPIfR Effelsberg
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Young et al. 2003
Spectroscopy in Different Wavelength Regimes of AstronomySpectroscopy in Different Wavelength Regimes of Astronomy
Capturing Spectroscopic Informatione.m. wave measurements -> Bandpath Tuning, Prisms, Gratingsphoton counting -> Energy Measurements
Spectral Resolutionin Radio, IR, Optical, UV, X, γ
Spectral SignaturesSolids, Dust, MoleculesAtomic TransitionsNuclear Transitions, Annihilations
Spatially-Resolved Spectroscopye.g. Transmission Gratings
Interpreting Spectral InformationSaturationsBroadenings (thermal, pressure, kinematic)Line Blends
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Stellar Photospheric Abundance DeterminationsStellar Photospheric Abundance Determinations
The PhotosphereOptical Depth (vs. λ)Thermodynamic StateLocal GravityKinematic State
Modelling Line Shapes
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Abundances in Cold/Normal Interstellar GasAbundances in Cold/Normal Interstellar Gas
Absorption Line SpectroscopyBackground Light SourcesThe Line of Sight
Interstellar-Gas AbundancesGas Phase versus Condensations
Specific LinesHI (21 cm Line) - Atomic Gas
CO - Molecular Gas
Leiden/Dwingeloo HI Survey Hartmann&Burton 1997
Picture: John Webb
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Abundance Lessons from Emission from Ionized Gas and Hot PlasmaAbundance Lessons from Emission from Ionized Gas and Hot Plasma
Recombination Transitions– e.g. Balmer Series Hα 656.3 nm n=1
Hβ 466.1 nm n=2or HBrγ 2.1 mm
Ionization of Gas by Central SourceHII RegionsPlanetary Nebulae
– Ionization-Bounded if All Ionizing Photons E>Eionization are Absorbed– Density-Bounded if Limited by Central Source’s Luminosity at E>Eionization
Ionization/Recombination Dynamic BalanceSpecific Sources
Ha Survey of the Galaxy
SNR
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
InnerInner--Galaxy RidgeGalaxy Ridge VelaVelaCygnusCygnus OrionOrionEridanusEridanus
ScoSco--CenCen??
AurigaAuriga//αα Per?Per?CarinaCarina
Abundances of Isotopes from NuclearAbundances of Isotopes from Nuclear--Line SpectroscopyLine Spectroscopy
Nuclear Level ExcitationsRadioactivityEnergetic Collisions
Candidate SourcesEmission Lines & NucleosynthesisAbsorption Lines & AGN/GRB?
Examples26Al Survey of the Galaxy
Core-Collapse SN Diagnostic
ννννννν ν
ννννν νννννν
νννν
ν
GravitationalCore Collapse
SupernovaShock Wave
Shock RegionExplosive Nucleosynthesis Proto-Neutron Star
Neutrino Heatingof Shock Region from Inside
Shell-StructuredEvolved Massive Star
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Understanding CosmicUnderstanding Cosmic--Ray Isotopic AbundancesRay Isotopic Abundances
Cosmic-Ray MeasurementsDiagnostic Power
– Ground-Based Measurements– Interplanetary-Space Experiments– Indirect Measurements
The CR Particle SpectrumSourcesPropagation
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Themes of the TalksThemes of the Talks
Concepts and Characteristics of an Astronomical TelescopeAstronomical Telescopes at Radio and Sub-Millimeter WavelengthsCharacteristics of High-Energy Astronomy TelescopesMeasuring Nuclei in Near-Earth Space and Cosmic RaysMeasuring Cosmic Nuclei in the Laboratory: Meteoritic InclusionsImaging in Different Wavelength Regimes of AstronomySpectroscopy in Different Wavelength Regimes of AstronomyStellar Photospheric Abundance DeterminationsAbundances in Cold/Normal Interstellar GasAbundance Lessons from Emission from Ionized Gas and Hot PlasmaAbundances of Isotopes from Nuclear-Line Spectroscopy
Understanding Cosmic-Ray Isotopic Abundances
Roland DiehlAstroSeminar WS08-09_Intro
Seminar ScheduleSeminar Schedule
which one do YOU wish to give?
Advisor Seminar "Nuclei in the Cosmos" WS 2008-2009
Nuclei in the Cosmos and Techniques of their Astronomical Measurements Status 06 Nov 08TUM and MPE/MPA, WS 2008/2009 Location: MPE 1.1.18a
(Asplund, Diehl, Faestermann, Greiner, Hillebrandt, Janka, Krücken, Kupka, Müller, Röpke, Thirolf) Wednesdays, 16-17h
Date Theme Speaker Supervisor email Supervisor Location22.10.2008 Introduction: Overview, and Talk Assignments Roland Diehl -- 1.18.a05.11.2008 Concepts and Characteristics of an Astronomical Telescope Stefan Taubenberger -- 1.18.a12.11.2008 Characteristics of High-Energy Astronomy Telescopes Henrike Ohlendorf Roland Diehl rod@mpe.mpg.de 1.18.a19.11.2008 Measuring Cosmic Nuclei in the Laboratory: Meteoritic Inclusions Thomas Faestermann thomas.faestermann@ph.tum.de 1.18.a26.11.2008 Astronomical Telescopes at Radio- to Infrared Wavelengths Lupe Saez Eckart Sturm sturm@mpe.mpg.de 1.18.b03.12.2008 Measuring Nuclei in Near-Earth Space and Cosmic Rays Herrero Gottfried Kanbach gok@mpe.mpg.de X210.12.2008 Understanding Cosmic-Ray Isotopic Abundances Andreas Zöller Andrew Strong aws@mpe.mpg.de 1.18.b17.12.2008 Spectroscopy in Different Wavelength Regimes of Astronomy Friedrich Kupka fk@MPA-Garching.MPG.DE 1.18.b14.01.2009 Stellar Photospheric Abundance Determinations U. Nöbauer Martin Asplund masplund@MPA-Garching.MPG.DE 1.18.b21.01.2009 Abundances in Cold/Normal Interstellar Gas H. Zeller Martin Asplund masplund@MPA-Garching.MPG.DE 1.18.b28.01.2009 Abundance Lessons from Emission from Ionized Gas and Hot Plasma P. Edelmann Hans Böhringer hxb@mpe.mpg.de 1.18.b04.02.2009 Abundances of Isotopes from Nuclear-Line Spectroscopy Janina Fiehl Michael Lang mll@mpe.mpg.de 1.18.b