Class Actinobacteria Actinobacteridae Order Actinomycetales · 2012. 12. 19. · Phospholipid...

Compendium of Actinobacteria from Dr. Joachim M. Wink, University of Braunschweig

Copyright: PD Dr. Joachim M. Wink, HZI - Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany, Mail: joachim.wink@helmholtz-hzi.de.

Actinobacteria

Subclass

Actinobacteridae

Actinomycetales

Suborder

Streptosporangineae

Family

Streptosporangiaceae

Microtetraspora

The Genus Microtetraspora To the genus Microtetraspora belong only fife species Microtetraspora fusca, glauca, malaysiensis, niveoalba and tyrrhenii. Aerobic, gram-positive, non-acid-fast, alcohol-fast, mesophilic actinomycete that forms a stable, highly branched substrate mycelium. Short aerial hyphae typically contain chains of four spores; in some instances chains with only two or three spores are formed and very rarely chains of five spores. Spores are smooth , sphaerical to slightly oval and non-motile. Optimum temperature for growth is 20-37°C, but not 40 °C. The wall is type III/B or C. Predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H4). Phospholipid pattern is type IV. Both iso- 16 : 0 and 10 methyl 17 : 0-branched fatty acids are presented as predominant fatty acids, but iso-16 : 0 fatty acids are much more abundant than 10 methyl-17 : 0 fatty acids in the cell. G + C content is 66 mol%. 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicates that Microtetraspora clusters with Microbispora belonging to the family Streptosporangiaceae.

Type species is Microtetraspora glauca. Lit.: Thiemann, J. E., H. Pagani and G. Beretta. 1968 A new genus of Actinomycetales. Microtetraspora, gen. nov. J. Gen. Microbiol. 50: 295-303

Genus Identity Card

Genus Microtetraspora

Wall chemotype meso-DAP (type III) Whole cell sugar pattern madurose Fatty acid pattern iso C 16:0, C 17:1,

10 methyl C 17:0

Major menaquinone (MK) -9(H0, H2, H4) Phospholipidtype phosphatidylethanolamine

(type IV)

Mol% G+C of DNA 66 Morphology stable branched substrate

mycelium, short aerial hyphae contain chains of about four spores

Type species Microtetraspora glauca

Microtetraspora fusca

Microtetrasporaniveoalba

Name: MICROTETRASPORA Authors: Thiemann et al. 1968 emend. Zhang et al. 1998 Status: Approved Lists Type species: M. glauca Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:323 (AL) Comment: emended description: IJSB 48:420* Name: Microtetraspora africana Authors: (Preobrazhenskaya and Sveshnikova 1974)

Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:178 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 35107, DSM 43748, INA 1839 Synonym: Nonomuraea africana Name: Microtetraspora angiospora Authors: (Zhukova et al. 1968) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:178 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: DSM 43173, IFO 13155, KCC A-0109, LIA 3479-30 Synonym: Nonomuraea angiospora Name: Microtetraspora fastidiosa Authors: (Soina et al. 1975) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:178 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 33516, DSM 43674, INMI 104 Synonym: Nonomuraea fastidiosa Name: Microtetraspora ferruginea Authors: (Meyer 1981) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:178 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 35575, DSM 43553, IMET 9567 Synonym: Nonomuraea ferruginea

Name: Microtetraspora flexuosa Authors: (Meyer 1989) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:178 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Comment: "Thermopolyspora flexuosa" Type strain: ATCC 35864, DSM 43186, DSM 44514 Synonym: Nonomuraea flexuosa Name: Microtetraspora fusca Authors: Thiemann et al. 1968 Status: Approved Lists Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:323 (AL) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 23058, DSM 43841, IMET 9531 Name: Microtetraspora glauca (Type species) Authors: Thiemann et al. 1968 Status: Approved Lists Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:323 (AL) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 23057, DSM 43311, IMET 9532 Name: Microtetraspora helvata Authors: (Nonomura and Ohara 1971) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:178 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 27295, DSM 43142, IMET 9584, KCC A-0143 Synonym: Nonomuraea helvata Name: Microtetraspora malaysiensis Authors: Nakajima et al. 2004 Status: New Species Literature: Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54:1 Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: DSM 44579, JCM 11278 Name: Microtetraspora niveoalba Authors: Nonomura and Ohara 1971 Status: Approved Lists Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:323 (AL) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 27301, DSM 43174

Name: Microtetraspora polychroma Authors: (Galatenko et al. 1987) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:178 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 49500, DSM 43925, IFO 14345, IMET 9743,

INA 2755, VKM Ac 1084 Synonym: Nonomuraea polychroma Name: Microtetraspora pusilla Authors: (Nonomura and Ohara 1971) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:331 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 27296, DSM 43357 Synonym: Nonomuraea pusilla Name: Microtetraspora recticatena Authors: (Terekhova et al. 1987) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:331 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: DSM 43937, IFO 14525, INA 308, VKM Ac-940 Synonym: Nonomuraea recticatena Name: Microtetraspora roseola Authors: (Lavrova and Preobrazhenskaya 1975)

Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:179 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 33579, DSM 43767, IMET 9576, INA 1671 Synonym: Nonomuraea roseola Name: Microtetraspora roseoviolacea Authors: (Nonomura and Ohara 1971) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:179 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 27297, DSM 43144, IMET 9751, KCC A-0145 Synonym: Nonomuraea roseoviolacea subsp. roseoviolacea

Name: Microtetraspora rubra Authors: (Sveshnikova et al. 1969) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:179 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 27031, DSM 43768, IMET 8181 Synonym: Nonomuraea rubra Name: Microtetraspora salmonea Authors: (Preobrazhenskaya et al. 1975) Kroppenstedt et al.

1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:179 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 33580, DSM 43678, IMET 9582, INA 2488 Synonym: Nonomuraea salmonea Name: Microtetraspora spiralis Authors: (Meyer 1981) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:179 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 35114, DSM 43555, IMET 9621 Synonym: Nonomuraea spiralis Name: Microtetraspora turkmeniaca Authors: (Terekhova et al. 1987) Kroppenstedt et al. 1991 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:179 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 49501, DSM 43926, IFO 14348, IMET 9747,

INA 3344, VKM Ac 852 Synonym: Nonomuraea turkmeniaca Name: Microtetraspora tyrrhenii Authors: Tomita et al. 1992 Status: New Species Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42:191 (validation list) Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: ATCC 53931, Q464-31

Name: Microtetraspora viridis Authors: Nonomura and Ohara 1971 Status: Basonym Literature: Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:323 (AL) Type strain: ATCC 27103, CBS 833.70, DSM 43175, IMET 9546 Synonym: Actinomadura viridis

Genus Microtetraspora Species glauca Subspecies Author Thiemann et al. 1968 Reclassification Status Approved Lists Type species ATCC 23057, DSM 43311, IMET 9532 Hazard group 1

Secondary metabolites from Microtetraspora glauca Azaserine, amino acid antibiotic, glutamine antagonist, which inhibits purine biosynthesis, antifungal and antineoplastic agent

Genus: Microtetraspora FH 2120 Species: glauca Numbers in other collections: IMET 9532 Morphology: G R ISP 2 good green A SP white none G R ISP 3 good green A SP white none G R ISP 4 good green A SP white-green none G R ISP 5 good colorless A SP white none G R ISP 6 good beige A SP none none G R ISP 7 good green A SP white-green none Spore chains: short (four spores) Spore surface: smooth Sporangia: Fragmentation: Melanoid pigment: - - - - NaCl resistance: 2,5 % Lysozyme resistance: - pH: Value- Optimum- Temperature : Value- Optimum- 28 °C Carbon utilization: Glu Ara Suc Xyl Ino Man Fru Rha Raf Cel + - + + - - - - + - Enzymes: Gel Cit Ure Arg Onp Trp Lys Odc VP Ind H2S

- - - - - - - - + - -

Microtetraspora glauca A and B – Agar plates medium 5006, 5265, 5315 and 5317

Microtetraspora glauca C – Agar plates medium 5318, 5322, 5337 with and without tyrosine D – Colony detail on medium 5265

Microtetraspora glauca Spore tetrads in aerial mycelium (SEM) E x 7.500 F x 10.000

Genus: Microtetraspora FH 2273 Species: glauca Numbers in other collections: DSM 43311 Morphology: G R ISP 2 good green A SP white none G R ISP 3 good green A SP white none G R ISP 4 good colorless A SP white none G R ISP 5 good colorless A SP white none G R ISP 6 good beige A SP none none G R ISP 7 good beige A SP white none Spore chains: short (four spores) Spore surface: smooth Sporangia: Fragmentation: Melanoid pigment: - - - - NaCl resistance: 2,5 % Lysozyme resistance: - pH: Value- Optimum- Temperature : Value- Optimum- 28 °C Carbon utilization: Glu Ara Suc Xyl Ino Man Fru Rha Raf Cel + + + + + - - (+) + (+) Enzymes: Gel Cit Ure Arg Onp Trp Lys Odc VP Ind H2S + - - + + - + + + - - 2+ 3+ 4+ 5- 6- 7- 8- 9+ 10+ 11+ 12+ 13- 14+ 15- 16+ 17+ 18- 19+ 20-

Microtetraspora glauca A and B – Agar plates medium 5265, 5315, 5317 and 5323

Microtetraspora glauca C and D – Agar plates medium 5006, 5318, 5322, 5337 with and without tyrosine

Microtetraspora glauca E – Spore tetrads in aerial mycelium (SEM x 5.000)

Class Actinobacteria Actinobacteridae Order Actinomycetales · 2012. 12. 19. · Phospholipid...

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