Keyw0rdsSensornetwork・Mailsystem・Broiler岩houseenvironmentmonitoringsystem

ArtifLifeRobotics(2008)13:264-270ＤＯＩ10.1007/s10015..008-0570-0

◎ＩＳＡＲＯＢ２００８

牢＝=令”_､ー

AyahikoNiimi・MasaakiWada・ＫｅｉＩｔｏ・Mas我shiIbdaKats皿、⑪riHa⑬ｍｋａ・Ｏｓａｍ皿Konishi

BroiI帥houseenvir0nmentmonitoringsystemusingsensornetworkandmaiI

deIiveⅣsystem

Receivedandaccepted:Ｊｕｌｙ16,2008

Recentlyうwecanobtainvariousdataeasilybyａｈｉｇｈｐｅ韮formanceofcomputerandthelntemet,Dataminingthatextractedsignificantknowledgefromalargeamountofdatabecomepopular・ThetechniqueforapplyingdataminingtotextinformationsuchasWebpageisdevelopedrecentlythoughthｅｄａｔａｓtoredindatabaseswastargetedinnormaldatalmning､Inthelntemet,varioustimeseriesdatacanbeobtained､Fbrinstance,theimagedataoftheweathersatel‐liteandthedataofvarioussensorscanbeobtained､The

featureofthesedataiscontinuousdatainthetimeseries・

Thetechniqueswhichapplieddataminingfromdatabasesareusedfortimeseriesdata,butsometechniqueswereimprovedfortimeseriesdata・

Thedigitalmeasurementsofthetemperatureandhumid‐ityｳetc・ｂｅｃｏｍｅpossible,andconnectingthesystemthatacquiredthemeasureddataonthenetworkbecomespos‐sible・However,therearemanymeasurementsystemswhich

arerichsystemsthatareusedsensorsonPCorwhicharecheapmlcrocomputersystemsthatneedtoconstructaspecialnetworkforthesensornetwork､Weproposethesensornetworksystemusingthemicrocomputerboardthatcanconnecttothelntemet．'IhisproposedsystemcanacquireinfOrmationfromthesensorofthemicrocomputergrouparrangedonthenetwork，andcanvlewcollectedinfoTmationｏｎＷｅｂｂｒｏｗｓｅｒ・

InKES2006,'itwasshowntobeabletoconstructeasilythemicrocomputer，ssensornetworkwhichwascombinedmicrocomputermodules(MicroCube)andthedatabaseserverandtheWebapplicationserver・Thesystemthatmeasuredtheroomtemperatureinschoolcampuswascon‐structed,ｉｔｈａｓｒｕｎｆｏｒａｂｏｕｔｔｗｏｙｅａｒｓ,andtheeffective‐nessisverified．

’Iheresearchofecopic2'3issimilartothisresearch,Theecopicresearchhasaimedtheconstructionofecopicofthe

Abstractlnthispaper,weproposethesystemthatcom-binesthesensornetworkwiththemaildeliverysystemto

constructthesystemthatobservesanenvironmentalchangeofthebroile藍house.Ａsaresultofhearingoftheproducer，theenvlronmentsystemneedstoabletobeobservedsomebroile藍houses,ｔｏｉｎｓｐｅｃｔｔｈｅｓｕｍｍａｒｙｄａｔａｆｒｏｍｔｈｅcel-

lularphone,ａｎｄｔｏｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔｈｅｗａｍｉｎｇｍａｉｌｉｎａｒapidtemperaturechange､Abasicpartofthesystemisasensornetworkbythesensormodulethatwedeveloped､Onlythesensormodulesareputintheeachbroile垂house,ａｎｄｔｈｅｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｂｙｗｉｒｅｌｅｓｓＬＡＮｃｏｍｍunicationisconstructed，becausethesystemneedstowatchoftwoormorebroile野houses,anditisdifiiculttosetupalarge-scalesystematthebroiler岩house､Thealways-connectedhigh-speedlntemetispreferabletoaccumulate,toprocessdata,andtoofferittotheuserinacomprehensiblefOrm・But,itisdifficulttobuildalways-connectedhigh-speedlntemetatthechickenfarmwhichisusedbyexperiment.'ＩｈｅｓｅｒｖｅｒｉｓｓｅｔｕｐｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｍｏｔｅｐｌａＣｅ,andweproposethesystemthatdeliversdatafromthechickenfarmwithmail・Theverificationofthe

effectivenessoftheproposedsystemandtheproblemareexaminedbyactuallysettingupthesystemthatproposesitinthebroⅡ“house,andoperatingit．

lIntmduction

nlisworkwaspresentedinpartatthel3thlntemationalSymposiumonArtifcialLifeandRobotics,Oita,Japan,January31-氏bruary212008

A､Niimi(函）DepartmentofMediaArchitecture,FutureUniversity-Hakodate，116-2Kamedanakano-cho,Hakodate,HokkaidoO41-8655,Japane-mail:niimi@fun､acjp

MWada

CollaborativeResearchCenter,FutureUniversity-Hakodate，Hakodate

K･Ｉｔｏ．Ｍ・Tbda

Depal･tmentofMediaArchitecture,FutureUniversity-Hakodate

K･Hatfmaka

DepartmentoflntemationalBio-BusinessStudies,TbkyoUniversityofAgricmture,'Ibkyo,Japan

０.Konishi

DepartmentofComplexSystems,FutureUniversity-Hakodate

』■ＪＩＩＪＩＩｌ

ＯＲＩＧＩＮＡＬＡＲＴＩＣＬＥ

CPUboardfOrbatteryoperationSameforgeneralpurpose(seeHg2）SameforControⅡerAreaNetwork(CAN）

ExtensionboardfOrEthemetConnection(seeFig.3）SameforCompactFlashslotSameforstoragedevicesSameforanalog/digitalIOSamefor4-portserialinterfaceSameforwirelesscommunicatioｎＳａｍｅｆｏｒＰＣＭＣＩＡｓｌｏｔ

265

ｎｂｌｅｌ･LineupoftheCPUandextensionboardsofmicrocube

１１

ＢｏａｒｄＮａｍｅ Fbatures

TheMicroCubeisaboardcomputerandiscomposedofseveralstackableboards､9''0]Figurelisaphotoshowingone

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weatherobservingsystemthatcanmakeiteasilybyuser‘OurproposedsystemhasaimofimprovingtheextendibilitybyusingMicroCubethatisgeneralitymodule．

’IherearealotofresearchesaboutMOTEwhichisthe

wirelesssensornetworkplathome，andmiddlewarethattreatsthesensornetworkasadatabaseisresearched､4~6The

queryprocessingsystemcauedＴｉｎｙＤＢ７ｔｈａｔｍｎｓｏｎ'IinyOS8whichiscompactOSforthewirelesssensorequip‐ment(ＭOTE)wereproposed､Alotofsensornodesareneededtoconstmctthesystemthatcoverstheentireuni‐

versitybythewirelesssensornetwork・Whenthesystemthatcoversthecampusisconstructed,constructingitwithsmaUnumberofsensornodesinusingthewirednetworkattheschoolbecomespossibleintheproposedsystem・

Inthispaper,weproposethesystemthatcombinesthesensornetworkwiththemaildeliverysystemtoconstructthesysteｍｔｈａｔｏｂｓervesanenvironmentalchangeofthebroilerLhouse.Ａsaresultofhearingoftheproducer,theenvironmentsystemneedstoabletobeobservedsomebroile垂houses,ｔｏｉｎｓｐｅｃｔｔｈｅｓｕｍｍａｒｙｄａｔａｆｒｏｍｔｈｅcel‐lularphone,ａｎｄｔｏｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔｈｅｗａｍｉｎｇｍａｉｌｉｎａｒapidtemperaturechange､Thevenficationoftheeffectivenessof

theproposedsystemandtheproblemareexaminedbyactuanysettingupthesystemthatproposesitinthebroile野house,andoperatingit・

Chapter2describesthesensormoduleusingMicroCube,Chapter3describesthecompositionofthesensornetwoIkasserve形clUentsystem・Wedescribetheinstalla-tionofMicroCube,theserverandtheclientandthetech-

niqueofcollectingandviewingdata､Chapter4describestheproposedsensorsystemwithMicroCubeandmail

deliverysystem､Ｉｎｃｈａｐｔｅｒ５,wedescribeconstructionofourproposedsystem,ａｎｄdiscussabouttheproblemwhenconstructingsensornetwork,Section6describesconclusionandenhancinginafUture．

ofthecombinationsofstackedMicroCube.'Ihespeciiica‐tionsoftheCPUandextensionboardsareSummaTizedin

Thblel・ＩｔｈａｓａＣＰＵｂｏａｒｄｗｉｔｈａＲＥＮＥＳＡＳＨ８ＣＰＵ

ａｎｄａＴＣＰ/IPProtocolstack､Stackableboardscanvaryasfollows：EthernetLANboard，compactflashboard・PCMCIAboard,serialboard(RS232CandRS422)andsoon.(someboardsshowninFigs､2,3).Sincethedifferentcombinationsofstackableboardsmakeaseamlessconnec‐

tionwiththesensors,userscanstructureanadhocsensor

networkveryeasilymogetsensorinformationthroughthelntemet,ＨＴｒＰｉｓａｌｓｏｅｍｐｌｏｙｅｄｓｏｔｈａｔｕｓｅｒｃａngetdataviaastandardWebbrowser．

Fig.１．Photoofastackedmicrocube

TheMicroCubeusedinthesystemtogettheinformationofroomconditioniscomposedoftheH8/3069CPUboard，ＬＡＮｂｏａｒｄ,andspecialsensorboard・Ｔｈｅspecialsensorboardisutilizedtheboardusedoftheprogrammmgprac‐ticeclassinFutureUniversity-Hakodate.('Ihesensorboardisshownin]Fig.１）FutureUniversity-Hakodatehastheprogrammmgpracticeclasswiththemicrocomputerandassemblerlanguage,ａｓ‘‘MediaArchitecturePracticell，'、ThespecialboardfOrMicroCubewasdesignedfbritspracticeclass,Thepushswitch,thethermallysensitiveresis‐tor(temperaturesensor),andCdSsensor(opticalsensol）

２．２１nstrumentationofthepresentsystem

Inthissection,wedescribeproposedsensormodule．

副Outer

Fig.４．Sensorboard

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ｗｅｒｅａｔｔａｃｈｅｄｏｎｔｈｉｓｂｏａｒｄａｓａｎｉｎｐut､Moreover,four

digitsseven-segmentsLEDandfourtwo-colorLEDwereattachedasanoutput､Becauseanaccuratetemperaturemeasurementusingthethermallysensitiveresistorisdifii雪cult,adigitalsensorisaddedinthisboardforourexperi‐ment・Humiditycanbealsomeasuredinthisdigitalsensor‘Onlythetemperaturedataisacquiredthisexperimentthoughsomesensorsareattachedontheboard．'Iheexchangeandtheadditionofthesensorcanbeeasilydonebyexchangingthesensorboards(Fig.4)．

Thesensornetworkthatmeasuredtheroomtemperature

inschoolcampuswasconstructedbyusingthemicrocom‐puterthatexplainedinChapter2､Ｆｉｇｕｒｅ５ｓｈｏｗｓｔｈｅｃｏｍ‐positionoftheconstmctedsensornetworksystem､'1his

Tbconfirmthemeasurementdataeasily；themeasured

datawasdisplayedinseven-segmentsLED､Moreover,ｄａｔａｃａｎｂｅｇｏｔｂｙＨＴＴＰｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｎｅｔwork・Whenonlyonesensormoduleruns,theusercandisplayapresenttempera-turewhentheuseraccessesitusingWebbrowser．

里

！ Fig.５．Networkconnguration

Fig.３．ＬＡＮｂｏａｒｄ

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血ｂｌｅ２･Softwareusedinthewebdatabaseserver

weakinthechangeofenvironment,andthesensornetworkisneededinthechickenfarm

lnthispaper,weproposethesystemthatcombinesthesensornetworkwithamaildeliverysystemtoconstructthesystemthatobservesanenvironmentalchangeofthebroile垂house・Asaresultofhearingoftheproducer,theenvironmentsystemneedstoabletobeobservedsomebroile垂houses,ｔｏｉｎｓｐｅｃｔｔｈｅｓｕｍｍａｒｙｄａｔａｆｒｏｍｔｈｅcel‐lularphone,ａｎｄｔｏｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔｈｅｗａｍｌｎｇｍａｉｌｉｎａｒapidtemperatureChange,Pigure6showsthecompositionoftheconstructedsensornetworksystemwithamaildeliverysystem、

Abasicparｔｏｆｔｈｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｉｓａｓｅｎｓｏｒｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｂｙthesensormodulethatwedeveloped､Onlythesensormodulesareputintheeachbroile垂house,andthenetworkbywire‐lessLANcommunicationisconstructed,becausethesystemneedstowatchoftwoormorebroile垂houses,anditisdifL

ficulttosetupalarge-scalesystematthebroile垂house・

Figure7showsthesensormodulewhichisputinaplasticcasefordust-proofandthedrip-proofTheserverisputontheoffice・ItwasunderstoodthatthetransmissionpowerwasinsufficientinusualwirelessLANequipmentbecausetheofnceandthebroile趣ousehadthedistancｅ（over80ｍ),thenweusedtheequipmentofwirelesｓＬＡＮｏｆ

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Weapplytheknow-howofproposedsystemconstructiontooperateofthesysteminafieldenvironment・Inthispaper,wediscussanenvironmentalmonitoringsystemof

thebroile碓house､Itisnecessarytoobservethetempera‐turechangeinthebroilel迄hｏｕｓｅｆＯｒａｂａｂｙｂｉｒｄｗｈｉｃｈｉｓ

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４BmiIer-houseenvimnmentmonitoringsystemIIsingsensornetworkandmaiIdeIiveⅣsystem

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一三盛ニーーnetworkconhgurationisusedforpersonalbuoysystemfor

hshery6''－１３‘Iheusedsoftwareisshownbelow(see通ｂｌｅ２).‘Ihe

datastorepartisimplementedbyPerl,andthedatadisplaypartisimplementedbyJSR

ThefOllowingstepsshowsthestepsofthecollectionofdataandthedisplaystoreddata．

Ｓｅｎｓｅｒｓ出師旨

Fig.７．Setupsensormodule

Fig.６．Networkconiigurationwithamaildeliverysystem

阜一》

輔鰯：…ー一瞬9W寅剰(a）URLoftheserverisopenedfromaWebbrowser．(b)JSPaccessesthedatabase．(c)Necessarydataisacquiredfi･omthedatabase，(d)Theresultisprocessedtothegraphanddisplayediton

abrowser．

’IheMicroCubearrangedinschoolisconnectedwithcampusnetwork(LAN).ThedataofeachsensormoduleisacqＵｉｒｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｓｅｒｖｅｒｓｅｔｕｐｏｎｔｈｅｃａmpusnetworkatregularintervals,andstoresinthedatabase､Inshoolexp配iment,dataisacquiredfromthesensormoduleeveryten

minutes、TheacquireddataisprocessedwiththeWebapplicationserversetuponthesameserver，ａndcanbedisplayedfromWebbrowserｏｆＰＣｏｎｔｈｅｃａｍｐｕｓｎｅｔｗｏｌｋ

Ａｔｆｉｒｓｔ,MicroCubeconnectedtocampusnetworkbyarrangingitintherouterbecausetherouterhadnotbeenexceedeｄｉｎＬＡＮｏｆｔｈｅｍｉｃｒｏｃｕｂｅ・Afterwards,connect‐

ingMicroCubetothecampusnetworkevenifwemodifiedtheprogram,ａｎｄｔｈｅｒouterisnotsetupbecamepossiblesothattherouterwasexceeded．

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Theverificationoftheeffectivenessoftheproposedsystemandtheproblemareexaminedbyactuallysettingupthesystemthatproposesitinthebroile垂house,andoperat-ingit・

Intheexperiment,weconstructthebroile好houseenvi‐ronmentmonitoringsystemwhichcontainsthesensormodulesarrangedinthebroile野houses,sensornetworktobringtogethersensorinformationinthechickenfarmand

totransmitittotheserverbymail,andtheservertoinspectfromthecellularphoneandtotransmitthewamingmailaboutarapidtemperaturechange、

ThesystemthatexplainedinChapteｒ４ｗａｓａｃｔｕａllyconstructed・ＴｈｅsystemisconstructedinNovember,2007,anditisrunningnow・

Somedatadisplayexamplesareshownasfbuows.(SeeHgs､10-11）ThedisplayedvolumeofinformationwasdecreasedfortheoutputforthecelluarphoneanditdeviseditasseeneasilybTheoutputoflistviewandgraphviewaremutuallyswitched､Theelectricwavesituationofthecelluarphonewasbad,thenitwasnotpossibletocommunicａｔｅｂｙｔｈｅｃｅｌｌｕａｒｐｈｏｎｅｏｆａｐａｒｔｏｆｃareerintheoffice．

］Figurel2showsoneexampleoftemperatureoutput､Ｉｔｗａｓａｂｌｅｔｏｂｅｃｏｎｆｉｒｍｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｃhangelnarapidroom

temperaturefoｒａｓhorttimehadoccurredfromHg､１２withconsiderablefrequency,Becauseitisdifncultinapresentnetworkenvironmenttowamofthetemperaturechangeinashorttime,ｉｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｕｎｄｅｒｓｔｏｏｄｔｏｈａｖｅｔｏｉｎｃrease

networkconnectionstocorrespondtoarapidtemperaturechangeinashorttime、

BecausedatａｂｅｇａｎｔｏｃｏⅡect,temperaturedataissched‐uledtobeanalyzedinthefUture．

Ｊ１

theserverforthetotalputontheremoteplace.'Iheaccu-mulationdatacanbereferｒｅｄｔｏｂｙｐｕｔｔｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｅｒｖｅｒｏｎｔｈｅｒｅmoteplaceregardlessofthecommunicationenvlron‐mentoftheoffice､Becausetheserverwasputontheremote

place,ｉｔｉｓｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅｔｈａｔｗａｍｉｎｇｔｏａｒａｐｉｄtemperaturechangeslows.Inthisexperlment,weconsideredaboutpro‐ducer'scommunicationfeeandtheeasinessoftheserver

installation．

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５日《perimemtaIresuIts画 と

Fig.８.WirelessLANequipmentwasabletobｅｕｓｅｄｔｏｓｅｔｕｐｔｈｅＷｅｂｃａｍｅｒａ,ａｎｄｐｅｏｐｌｅｉｎｔｈｅｏｆｎｃｅｃａｎｃｏｎｉｉｒｍｂabybirdsofthebroile吟house.'ＩｈｅＷｅｂｃａｍｅｒａｗａｓｓｅｔｕｐａｓｓｈｏｗｎｉｎＨ9.9．

Thealways-connectedhigh-speedlntemetisPreferabletoaccumulate,toprocessdata,andtoofferittotheuserinacomprehensibleform､But,itisdifficulttobuildalways弓connectedhigh-speedlntemetatthechickenfarmwhichisusedbyexperiment.'ＩｈｅｓｅｒｖｅｒｉｓｓｅｔｕｐｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｍｏｔｅｐｌａＣｅ,ａｎｄweproposethesystemthatdeliversdatafromthechickenfarmwithmail.‘Ihesensordataisaccumulated

inthｅｓｅｒｖｅｒｓｅｔｕｐintheofiiceeverylOminutes，andtransmittedtotheserverforthetotalwithmaileveryhour‘

Inthisexperiment,theserverconnectedtothelntemetwiththedialupaccesseverytime,ＵｓｉｎｇｄｉａｌｕｐａｃｃｅｓｓａｎｄｎｏｔｅＰＣａｓｏｆficeserver,itisabletobeconstructedthatthe

systemisabletotransmitmailwhenapowerfailureforashorttimeishappened・

Theaccumulationofdata，makingtheoutputfortheceⅡuarphone,andmakingthewamingmailaredoneｗｉｔｈ

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Fig.９．Setupweb-camera

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broiler迄houses,toinspectthesummarydatafromthecel‐lularphone,ａｎｄｔｏｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔｈｅｗａｍｉｎｇｍａｉｌｉｎａｒapidtemperaturechange,Abasicpartofthesystemisasensornetworkbythesensormodulethatwedeveloped,OnlythesensormodulesareputintheeaChbroilerhouse,andthenetworkbywirelessLANcommunicationisconstructed，becausethesystemneedstowatchoftwoormorebroilel迄

houses,anditisdifiiculttosetupalarge-scalesystematthebroilelLhouse.'Ihealways-connectedhigh-speedlntemetispreferabletoaccumulate,toprocessdata,andtoofferittotheuserinacomprehensibleform,But,itisdifficulttobuildalways-connectedhigh-speedlntemetatthechickenfarmwhichisusedbyexperiment､Ｔｈｅｓｅｒｖｅｒｉｓｓｅｔｕｐｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｍｏｔｅｐｌａｃｅ,ａｎｄweproposethesystemthatdeliversdatafromthechickenfarmwithmail・

TheverificationoftheeffectivenessoftheproposedsystemandtheproblemareexaminedbyactuaⅡysettingupthesystemthatproposesitinthebroileEhouse，andoperatingit､Intheexperiment,weconstructthebroiler造houseenvironmentmonitoringsystemwhichcontainsthesensormodulesarrangedinthebroiler造houses,sensornetworktobringtogethersensorinformationinthechickenfarmandtotransmitittotheserverbymail,andtheservertoinspectfromthecellularphoneandtotransmitthewammgmailaboutarapidtemperaturechange・

Becausedatabegantocollect,temperaturedataissched‐uledtobeanalyzedinthefUture,Intheanalysisofdata,itisthoughtthatitispossibletorefertoatechniqueofthemnltiagentbase'4''5andananalyticaltechniqueoftheanaly‐sisofthefixedpointobservationdata､'６

WhethertheoperationofalongtermcanbeenduredwillbeexaminedinthefUture,Moreover,thetemperaturechangewamingsystemthatdecreasesnetworkconnectionasmuchaspossibleisscheduledtobedeveloped．

画６

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！ lnthispaper,weproposethesystemthatcombinesthesensornetworkwiththemaildeliverysystemtoconstructthesystemthatobservesanenvironmentalchangeofthebroile形house.Ａsaresultofhearingoftheproducer,theenvironmentsystemneedstoablｅｔｏｂｅｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄｓｏｍｅ

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