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14/38

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16 / 19

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nes of dom in chickenIt has to bmidity valu

TNZ) of dores in chic

Animal category

Pullet,day 1-Pullet,

day 3-4Pullet,

day 5-7

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Pullet/lay, ≥5 we

mesticated n houses bbe noted, tues.

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, 2 28-

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36 Broday

34 Broday

32 Broday

29 Broday

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27 Broday

2

24 Broday

2

20 Broday

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oiler, y 4-5 3

oiler, y 6-9 2

oiler, y 12-15

2

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2

oiler, y 24-27

2

oiler, y ≥27

17/38

urces ture

Average

35-33

32-30

28-27

25-24

23-22

22-20

20

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perature mo-neutrss

ataftah and

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try Cooperralia (s.a.)

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mann-Tierz

try Cooperralia (s.a.)

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upper criticonse for m°C

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Pig Site (s

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requiremral zones

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)

rative Rese)

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zucht (201

rative Rese)

ure require18 to 20 °C

cal tempeceeded: ≥ of egg shet);

cal tempermortality if

enke (2006

.a.)

nd Kyriaza

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effects deones (TNZ)creases on

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010)

earch Cen

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kis (2006)

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tre Al-Fa(200

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temperatut stress-teon traits.

mperatureduction tr

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, et al. (19

teiro-Filho

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haly, et al.

av, et al. (

erts and Ba

kder, et al

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on et al. (2

g et al. (20

e et al. (2

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998)

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2001)

. (2004)

2000)

all (1998)

l. (2010)

012)

2014)

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2008)

2013)

al. (1980)

Davidich (1

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2010)

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1991)

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papers anas the poin

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n et al. (2

n et al. (2

uson and

eira and D

n et al. (19

ez et al. (1

ba et al. (2

ker et al. (

s (Tab. 2), adaptatio Fig. 9).

tion mecha).

tion mecha

l. (1991)

(2000)

001ab)

002)

Gous (199

onzele (19

998)

1991)

2001)

1992)

the followon mechan

anisms of

anisms of

19/38

97)

999)

wing isms

pigs

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SimilarmechahypertphysioEspeciachangethese b

Fig.

Fig.

Too loncritical adaptivand, in

Combinbeginn

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rly, chickenisms, to hermia (Flogical andally when e their behbehavioura

. 10: Effe

. 11: Effe

ng duratio limits canve thermon severe ca

ning all liteing heat s

dbericht_Pi

ns changemaintain tig. 10, lited behaviouthermal st

haviour. Fial changes

ect of temp

ect of temp

ns with hennot be fuloregulatoryases, mort

erature dastress and

PoCooL_3_

e their behtheir body

erature souural functitress occugure 5 shos and on p

perature in

perature in

eat stress,lly compeny mechanitality occu

ata collecte its signific

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haviour any temperaturces giveons and re

urs rapidlyows the ef

performan

ncrease on

ncrease on

, especiallynsated anysms becom

ur (Johnso

ed (Tab. 2cant effect

d activateture and a

en in Tab. eactions to and acuteffect of a tce of layin

n adaptati

n performa

y with temymore. Whmes apparn 2018; F

2), critical ts on prod

e thermoreavoid suffe2). There o maintaine, the birdtemperatung hens.

on mecha

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mperatureshen a declrent, reduig. 2 – Fig

temperatuduction tra

egulatory ering from are severn homeostds soon staure increas

nisms of p

ying hens

s near theline in theced well-b

g. 5).

ures for a aits were

20/38

al tasis. art to se on

poultry.

.

upper

being

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identifistress and moavailabmore rTHI-resperformverify avs. tha

For brocould b(signifion breefound fweanedclassesinstancfourth

Generawell thstress under ctemper

Tabon p

Livescateg

Broile

Laying

Growing pig

Sows

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ied (Tab. 3(regardingortality) wbility for terobust estisults, all smance data significaat under he

oilers and be derivedcant) heaeding sowfor the ped piglets ss are less ace, no heaweek of li

ally, the line findingstemperatuconditionsratures), e

b. 3: Critproduction

stock gory

rs*

g hens

ng/finishigs

dbericht_Pi

3). Furtheg feed con

were deriveemperaturmates cou

studies witta) and thent differeneat stress

laying hend from avat stress ef

ws’ fertility rformanceshows thataffected b

at stress effe.

near incre from trialures near s of hypertexponentia

ical tempen traits.

Trait

body mmortali

egg maconvers

mortali

body mmortali

- no sigfrom lit

PoCooL_3_

rmore, livenversion raed (Tab. 4re-related uld be identh data one THI-modnce in perf conditions

ns, no signilable dataffect on gr was deteces of weant animals ay higher affects can

ments andls, as moshypertherthermia (i.al relations

eratures fo

mass gain, ty

ass and egsion

ty

mass gain, ty

gnificant hterature -

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estock catatio, feed 4). Due to effects of ntified for humidity del accordformance s, a two-s

nificant effa for feed rowing andcted. Gene

ned pigletsat certain ambient te be expect

d reductiost of the anrmia. Henc.e. substaships beco

or the occu

feed intak

gg (shell) q

feed intak

heat stress

tegory-speintake, ega remarka heat stres temperatu (plus teming to NWat normal

sample t-te

fects of inc conversiod finishingerally, no s (Tab. 4). ages and emperaturted for bro

ns given innalysed stce, our anantially excome appar

urrence of

ke, feed co

quality, fe

ke, feed co

s effect on

ecific respog mass, bably highess than forure-related

mperature, WSCR (197

temperatest was us

creasing ten ratios. C pigs’ morheat stres The exam within spees than otoiler chicke

n Tab. 4 dudies did alysis showceeding oprent.

f heat stre

onversion,

ed intake,

onversion

fertility id

onses to hbody masser data r THI effecd changes feeding a6) were utures and Tsed.

emperatuComparabrtality ratess effect wmple of theecific bodythers. For ens until t

describe qunot test hwed that optimal

ess and eff

,

, feed

and

dentified

21/38

heat (gain)

cts, s. For nd sed. To THIs

re ly, no es and was e y mass he

uite eat only

fects

°C

25

24

27

25/22

-

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(Suckweane

* from

erbarerEnd

kling and ed) piglets

day 21 on

dbericht_Pi

s - no sigliteratu

nwards

PoCooL_3_

gnificant hure -

_cn.docx

heat stresss effect ideentified froom

22/38

-

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Tab

Broile

Body m

Feed i

Feed c

Mortal

Layin

Egg m

Feed i

Feed c

Mortal

Grow

Body m

Feed i

Feed c

Finish

Body m

Feed i

Feed c

Suckl

Body m

Feed i

Feed c

Mortal

erbarerEnd

b. 4: Effe

er chicken

mass gain

ntake

conversion

lity

g hens

mass

ntake

conversion

lity

ing pigs (

mass gain

ntake

conversion

hing pigs

mass gain

ntake

conversion

ing piglet

mass gain

ntake

conversion

lity

dbericht_Pi

ects of hea

Sigdifbetheanco

ns

ye

ye

n ratio no

ye

ye

ye

n ratio no

ye

(30-60 kg

ye

ye

n ratio ye

(>60 kg

ye

ye

n ratio ye

ts

no

no

n ratio no

no

PoCooL_3_

at stress o

gnificant fference

etween ermoneu

nd heatstrnditions

s

s

s

s

s

s

g body m

s

s

s

body ma

s

s

s

_cn.docx

n product

tral- ress-

mass)

ass)

ion traits

Average change pC temperchange

-4.1 %

-2.1 %

+3.6 %

16.1 % (+% points)

-1.2 %

-1.9 %

+0.8 %

23.3% (+points)

-2.4 %

-1.8 %

+0.6 %

-4.2 %

-3.2 %

+1.1 %

-0.5 %

-1.0 %

+0.5 %

-1.5 %

per 1° rature

AchT

-4

-2

+

+2.1 )

1%

-1

-1

+

+2.0% 14%

-2

-1

+

-3

-2

+

-0

-0

+

-1

Average hange pe

THI unit

4.0 %

2.3 %

+2.0 %

1.7 % (+1% points)

1.0 %

1.7 %

+0.9 %

4.09 % (+% points)

2.2 %

1.6 %

+0.6 %

3.2 %

2.3 %

+0.9 %

0.5 %

0.4 %

+0.8 %

1.6 %

23/38

er 1

1.5

+1.3

Publizie

Breed

Conce

WP 5 Cenviro

The indwelfareboth thabove)model.review resultseconomlivestocclimatewith fedemanoptionsbody hnight tFAMOSclimateto guarIndoor ventilachoicesconsideconstrastandaavailabreleaselivestocchoicesinvaria

Indoor determreduceuncerta

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ding sows

ption rate

Case studonmental

door climae such as The referen). Livestoc It is drive (see WP 4 and the l

mic implicack producte impacts eedbacks ond. Dietarys. The timheat releasimes, can

S chooses e parametrantee an climate ction rates s on technered as anained by trds, the fe

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on feed coy standarding of feedse. The inv mitigate hmanagemers. These indoor climonditions (increase

nical adaptnnuities in he capaciteed supplystock age heat. FAMrs comparveterinary model.

parametersevel abovake, groweters; Tab

PoCooL_3_

(tending gnificance)

sment: anand econ

tion modeperature anaptation mance is esindoor climion above

yield simulchanging omanagemee feed intasts, fertilizs are obligding deterversion of heat stres

ment optione values amate withare driven of total atations to the objecty of the fay, manure and densiOS choosered to the y services

s include de which pe

wth and mob. 5).

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to )

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outdoor client choicesake, livestozer producgatory butrmines fee feeding ans and is cons which lere constrain the ran

n by operair volume regulate c

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daily THI aerformancortality (he

-0.8 %

alth, welfplications

es indicatoty in the c(see figure

with the livcators and utilizes bodel (see Tamate conds are repreock growthction, variat can be med up-takend restingonsidered ead to dist

ained by uges of ani

ational ma in summeclimate. Thion. Total en specificment stand indoor clin a 100%pacity. Fudered as c

and tempece impactsere not co

1

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rs for animcase studye 3 & 4 anvestock yie based on oth the indab. 5) to editions. Inesented inh and evenable costs

met with va and indoo cycles, i.e as a manatinct exprepper and lmal healthnagementer by 100%hese inveslivestock

c animal wdards, andmate cond, 80%, anrther manosts but a

erature vals are expecnsidered d

.0 %

formance,

mal healthy applicationd descripteld simula a literatudoor climaestimate th FAMOS,

n detail anntually mo

s and laborarying feeor climatee. feedingagement oessions of lower threh standardt choices s%) and strstments arnumbers a

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24/38

,

h and on for tion tion re

ate he

d ortality r ding from during option.

esholds ds. such as rategic re are

our the vel of

reshold ting in hly

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Tab

Indooclimaindica

THI_a

TEM_a

THI_m

TEM_m

No_cli

Note: 1

for hea

Adapta(i.e. tocosts fo

WP 5 s(Fig. 1simulateconomsimulatfuture model abatem

d

e

erbarerEnd

b. 5: Live

or ate ators

ave

ave

max

max

im_effect 1 change pat stress im

ation measo estimate or electric

synthesize2). Major tion modemic farm otion modelivestock hwas applie

ment meas

direct eva

indirect evregenerat

earth-air h

reduction

increase o

inversion

dbericht_Pi

estock yiel

Daily weightgain lo(%)1

2.9

3.6

2.9

3.6

0

per THI or mpacts; av

sures are p annuities

city and wa

ed outputscomponen

el, a livestooptimizatioel (WP3) tohousing oped to a refsures, i.e.

porative c

vaporativeive heat e

heat excha

of animal

of the sum

of the diur

PoCooL_3_

d paramet

ss

Feeinta(%

2.1

2.7

2.1

2.7

0

temperatve: daily a

parameter with a 2%ater and a

s from othnts are outock yield son model (o quantify peration (Tference m climate ch

cooling wit

e cooling wxchanger

anger (EA

density d

mer venti

rnal feedin

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ters

ed ake

%)1

ure (TEM)average va

rized by lit% annual iadditional l

er work ptdoor climsimulation(BEFM). W the indooTab. 6) unanagemenhange ada

th cooling

with coolin (CPHE)

HE)

uring sum

lation rate

ng and res

Thresho(THI or Tempera

75

23

75

23

0

) points abalue; max

terature vnterest ralabor dem

ackages inmate data,

model, anWP5 appliedor climate nder a climnt situatioaptation m

pads (CP)

g pads co

mmer seaso

e (VENT)

sting patte

ld

atur)

M(%

0

0

0

0

0

bove thres: daily ma

alues on inte), additiand (see T

n a case stan in-doond a newlyd the indosituation o

mate scenan and a nu

measures in

mbined w

on (REDU)

ern (SHIFT

Mortality %)1

shold; threaximum va

nvestmenional variaTab. 5).

tudy appror climate y develope

oor climateof a typicaario (WP2)umber of ncluding:

ith a

)

T)

25/38

eshold alue.

t costs able

oach

ed bio-e al ). The heat

Publizie

Tab

Parame

Growinpigs, li

Total n

Growinperiod

Facility

Produc

Both, iparamebetweeeconomgross mgross mproduc

Fig. 12

The pophysicalivestocthat m

Finally,describstakeh

The enammondispersdistancand futare a v

erbarerEnd

b. 6: Prop

eter

ng-fatteninve weight

number of

ng-fattenin

y service p

ction syste

ndoor climeters fromen climatemic farm omargin submargin eqction and s

2: Ove

ortfolio of mal framewock yields, aximizes a

, directionbe the effeolders.

nvironmentnia emmission calculces to protture climavery practi

dbericht_Pi

perties of

Va

ng

30

pigs 18sec

ng 10

period 10

em All

mate paramm the livest

parameteoptimizatiobject to fauals the ssubsidies m

erview on

managemeork condit revenues,annual tot

-dependeects of alte

tal impactssions. Forations wittect the nete referenical means

PoCooL_3_

the livesto

lue

0-120 kg

800, devidections

08 days

0 days

in – all ou

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PiPoCooL

ent choicetions deter, and prodtal gross m

nt separatered emiss

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ock housin

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case study

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are assessence farmhave beenood from ios. Directibe the eff

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y analysis

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nces have of climate

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26/38

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climatescenarand sefuture,

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e conditionios and thparation d livestock

dbericht_Pi

ns to the se variety

distances r husbandr

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stakeholdeof the stabresulted, wry will have

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ers. With rbility schewith a pose to adapt

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the selectandwidth oement if ae change.

ted climateof affectedand how, i

27/38

e areas n the

Publizie

Tab

CP

CPHE

EAHE

REDU

VENT

SHIFT

Fig.

We appor maxparameadaptathese scompastanda

erbarerEnd

b. 7 Add

Lifetim(yrs)

12

12

30

T

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ply FAMOSximum (meter assum

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46 1404

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28/38

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situatioon maxstrongecases aaveragadaptaWhile aeffectivventilameasufrom bmeasuanalyse

The dirsites, tThey h(2008)for purdomina

The seencom(tolera% (Fig(a highcharts with thobtainemethodin red,

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rection depthe two stahave been ), namely re residentated areas

paration dpassing thted) excee. 14b) is t

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dbericht_Pi

ts stronglymperaturets but liken reduces ues with aost years. tion measu, only the (VENT) areecisive (e.gal processeariation in

pending seability sch calculatedfor a threstial areas as.

distances ahe area of edance prothus more f protectiois the livesource in thmethod ban the radiaFeldbach i

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on the scewithout ada

unrealisticgross mar (THave_Ade, unabaechnically heat exchby the mo in winterrmore, we

on costs, w

distances for the pr

odour impa ouE m-3 afor comme

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have beeresent andact criteriand exceedercial/indu

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umptions.TEMmax_Ition of par scenario aes can be s are betw only a few

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ng to GOAAbabilities od agricultu

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29/38

based ws the In all

ered by %. t n e lting

tation ivity

two P 2). A of 10% rally

e in of 15 10 %

of both 0 m, nces he shown

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Fig.excproFeldclim(Cl)clas

BecausconditidistancFig. 14at bothfuture conditiincreasclassesmaximespeciaThe mo% are determdistanc

Y [m

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erbarerEnd

. 14: : Dieedance pbability (cdbach and

mate (2036) and of rasses; the b

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mum separaally for an ost significtolerated,

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rection-deprobabilitycommercia Wels, bot6-2065)); adiation bablack recta

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he presentt 100 m to

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d speeds at peak-to-e than twoances haves in separaained dire

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a

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and the pr-mean rato times lae been caation distaectly by th maximumrease in wWels and oards Southbility of 10for the clo

ance northIn the futuorth is obta

Y [m

]

n distancesreas) and iculturally limate (19ation of cl

eed (RadBak building

redominanios, the mrger than lculated fonces betwe changes

m separatiwind speedonly smallh-west wil0 % for resoudiness mh of the livure scenarained.

s (m) for ( for (b) 15 dominate981-2010)oudiness aal) to dete.

ntly neutraaximum sat Feldbac

or the samween the ps in the meon distanc

d and neut changes, l be reducsidential amethod at vestock unrio, a maxi

(a) 10% 5% exceeded areas) a)) and FU and wind sermine sta

al stability separationch (Fig. 14

me livestocpresent aneteorologices will sligtral stabilit but the

ced in the reas (Fig. Feldbach.it can be imum sep

30/38

b

dance at (future speed

ability

4a and ck unit, d the cal ghtly ty

future, 14a). If 15

aration

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5 SchHeat stdue to this wianimalevaluatdescrib

Earth-aheat stbenefitfluctuaincreas

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The simresilienrelativethe ranfrequeninfluenimpactand weappropadapta(seasoessentinside csuch a an app

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hlussfotress for in climate chll cause ecs, three etion of thebe heat str

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olgerungntensive phange. Evconomic lonergy save performaress for pi

xchangersbe totally expected: d (2) heatintilation fl

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tive coolinresults in cation. Thg wintertiming the ou

of the indoobal warmirend for hen 0.9 and

more distin performal warming

blems as wptation mesures with te forecasision-mak

buildings. Tn model foool to dete

negativelyhree decadstudy. Robly be quan

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show theavoided. B (1) effectng of the low rate a

by coolinn the relat air humide the livest

ng by coola reductioe additionme, to redtside air b

or climateing compa

heat stressd 6.4% penctly occurnce, healt

g will be evwell as theeasures ar low invessts similar king tools aThe calculor the indoermine con

y impacteddes will do

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d Empfultry prodperate climfarmers. Teatment dedone by pultry.

best perfBeside thetive dampiinlet air tend the rel

g pads shtive humiddity rangetock buildi

ing pads ion of the innal featureduce the sby means

e of confinared to thes parameteer year, rerring heat th and welven more e economicre needed.stment and to those oaiming at lations for oor climatnditions of

d livestocko so in theures of hea simulatio

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formance. e cooling eing of shoremperaturated indoo

ows a highdity of thes betweenings by mo

n combinanlet air teme is the posensible heof the out

ed livestoce outside sers betweeelative to t stress situfare statusevere. Toc impact o. The selecd operatinoffered formitigating growing-fe of confinf heat stre

k keeping e future acat stress ion model

gen l increase h as in Ceheat stressre investigs which are

By the usffect, the rt-term tere during wor air qual

h potentiae outdoor an 75% andoistening b

ation with mperaturessible use eat loss of let air of t

ck buildingsituation. Ten 1981 athe year 1uations has of livestoo reduce aof these chction has tg costs. Lor crop prodg heat strefattening pned livestoess for live

in confinedccording tonside the of the indo

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ner J., Niebumate changeparation dnt X, 2, 10er, G., Zoll., Knauder,awandel: A

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ger M, Mikouhr K., Andming on thetening pigs ger M, Mikouhr K., Anddour Emissimical Engin68021 h W., Hörte, Andre K.,rming on coeat stress fo2019) 221–vits C, ZolliM., KnauderoL - Der EinEssence Lanvits C, ZolliM., Knauderwarming imto reduce h

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a Agriculturovits C, Zollders I., Ande odour and Biosystem

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. (2017) Siadaptive meT.-T., Wangre Press, Belitsch W., Hdre K., Hend ammonia

ms Engineerlitsch W., Hdre K., Henstock Buildinsactions.

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K., Zollitsch I., Schönhersion of aiour annoyanj.aeaoa.20er, S.J., Baure, K., HennLandwirtsc

n, CCCA Fac

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