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BR 30062/1Apri l, 1992

REGULATIONS FOR

TRAIN SIGNALLING

BY THE

TRACK CIRCUIT BLOCK

SYSTEM

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Re-issued October, 1993

REGULATIONS FOR TRAIN SIGNALLING BY THETRACK CIRCUIT BLOCK SYSTEM

List of Pages

Page Latest Issue Amendments1/2 April, 1992

3/4 October, 19935/6 April, 19927/8 April, 19929/10 October, 199311/12 October, 19931314 April, 199215/16 April, 199217/18 October, 199319/20 April, 199221/22 April, 1992

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Track Circuit Block Regulations

1 DEFINITIONS

1.1 SECTIONThe line between two stop signals(whether or not these are within the area of control of the samesignal box).

1.2 OVERLAP The distance ahead of a stop signal up towhich the line must be clear before the signal next in rear canclear.

2 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM

2.1 Track Circuit Block signalling permits a signal to exhibita Proceed aspect when all track circuits in the line ahead areclear up to and including the overlap beyond the next stopsignal and all necessary points within that distance aredetected in the correct position for the safe passage of thetrain. An overlap is not normally provided at signals on goodslines.

2.2 Where a restricted approach arrangement is permitted,a signal may exhibit a Proceed aspect when the line is clear onlyto the next signal ahead or to a specified point within theoverlap of that signal.

2.3 Controlled signals (some of which may be set to workautomatically) are operated directly by the Signalman andautomatic signals are operated by the passage of trains.Automatic Route Sett ing is provided at some signal boxes.

2.4 Trains are described by Train Describer apparatus(manually or automatically), bell signals or telephone.

3 MODE OF SIGNALL ING3.1 General

The Signalman must describe trains and operatecontrolled signals in sufficient time to avoid delay.

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Track Circuit B lock Regulations

3.2 Working of signals

3.2.1 Before operating the signal control to permit a train toproceed, the Signalman must ensure that:

(a) the Rules and Regulations have been com pli edwi th

(b) no conflicting movement requiring preference is tobe made

(c) the route is set or free to be set by the interlocking

(d) where necessary, a release has been obtainedfrom any other Signalman involved

3.2.2 When a signal has been cleared, it must not bereplaced to Danger, except in emergency, unless the Signal-man is satisfied that the aspect of the signal next ahead of anyapproaching train will not be changed.

3.2.3 When the Signalman is required to place or maintain asignal at Danger, this also applies to an automatic signal forwhich an emergency replacement facility is provided in thesignal box.

3.2.4 The Signalman must not allow the line within theoverlap of a signal to be obstructed or to be occupied by anunsignalled movement until:

(a) any approaching train has been stopped at thatsignal or

(b) the controlled signal next in rear has been placedto Danger to protect the obstruction or movement

3.2.5 Before permitting a movement which, by occupying atrack circuit, would alter the aspects displayed at signals, theSignalman must place or maintain the necessary signals atDanger to protect the movement.

3.2.6 Where the signal concerned is controlled by anotherSignalman, he must be requested to place or maintain thatsignal at Danger.

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3.3 Describing trains

3.3.1 Two or more light locomotives coupled together mustbe described as a light locomotive. A locomotive hauling one ormore dead locomotives must be dealt with in accordance withthe instructions in the Rule Book Appendix 2. In either case, ifthe movement is proceeding into the area controlled by another

Signalman, the precise formation must be advised to him.

3.3.2 If a train which is required to stop in section isproceeding into the area controlled by another Signalman, thetype of train and where it is required to stop must be advised tohim.

3.3.3 The cancellation of a description must be done by traindescriber, telephone, or bell, as appropriate. If a train isincorrectly described, the necessary correction must be made.

3.4 Permissive Working

3.4.1 Permissive Working permits more than one train at the

same time to be in a signal section (where authorised) or on an y dead-end platform line.

NOTE: These instructions do not apply to the admission of ashunting movement to an occupied section for thepurpose of attaching or detaching or removing vehiclesfrom the line.

3.4.2 There are three types of line on which PermissiveWorking can apply, as shown below. Only the following classes oftrain are permitted to be in, or enter, a section whenPermissive Working is taking place:

Type of Line Classes of Train

Goods 3 to 8, and 0

Passenger 3 to 8, and 0(Other than a platform line)

Platform (including any 1, 2, 3, 5 and 0dead-end platform)

A propel led train (other than an Officers' Special) must not beallowed to enter an occupied section.

3.4.3 Permissive Working is prohibited during fog or fallingsnow, except on a platform line (including any dead-endplatform).

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3.4.4 Before signalling a train into an occupied platform line,the Signalman must, if there is any doubt in this respect,ascertain from the person in charge that there is room for thetrain to be dealt with and, if a movement has already beenauthorised on that line, obtain an assurance that the movementis completed. A locomotive may closely follow a departing train

as far as the platform starting signal. In the case of a throughplatform line, before signalling a train into an occupied platformline at a station where it is not booked to call, the Signalmanmust first verbally advise the Driver of the circumstances.

3.4.5 When a train is to enter an occupied section, theSignalman must bring the train nearly to a stand at the signalcontrolling the entrance to the section before that signal iscleared, unless the signal is controlled by the occupation of aberth track circuit.

3.5 Signalling by bell or telephone

When necessary in connection with Regulations 11 or12, trains must be signalled by bell or telephone as shownbelow:

3.5.1 The Standard Code of Bell Signals must be used.

3.5.2 All bell signals must be acknowledged by repetitionand no signal must be considered as understood until ithas been correctly repeated to the point from which it wasreceived. If the Is line cl earsignal is not acknowledged, it mustbe sent again at short intervals.

3.5.3 The mode of signalling ("A" and "B" representing twoSignalmen) must be as follows. Before the despatch of a train

from "A" that Signalman must, provided it has been estab-lished that the previous train has passed clear of the lineconcerned, call the attention of Signalman "B" and give theproper Is line clear signal. Signalman "B" may accept the trainby acknowledging the signal provided no conflicting movementhas been authorised and:

(a) During a failure of signals and/or track circuitsthe line on which the train will run is clear to theend of the overlap of the first stop signal at "B".

(b) During Single Line Workingthe line is clear asshown in Regulation 12, clause 12.1.

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Signalman "A" may then, if the line is clear, authorise the trainto proceed. When the train leaves "A", he must send the Trainenter ing section signal to Signalman "B".

3.5.4 When the train, complete with tail lamp, has passedthe clearance point defined in clause 3.5.3, Signalman "B"

must send the Train out o f sect ion signal.

3.5.5 After permission has been given for a train to approachin accordance with clause 3.5.3, no obstruction of the line onwhich such train is required to run must be allowed within thedefined clearance point, until the train has been brought to astand at the first stop signal, or has passed the clearance point,or the Cancelling signal has been received from Signalman "A".

3.5.6 If the line is not clear, or if for any reason Signalman"B" is not in a position to give permission for the train toapproach when Signalman "A" forwards the Is line cl earsignal,that signal must not be acknowledged.

3.5.7 In the absence of bells, the Signalmen must send thenecessary bell signals as messages on the telephone, e.g.:

3.5.8 When signalling by bell or telephone is i n force, thetrain describers must be used if possible.

3.5.9 When normal working can be resumed, the Signalmanat each end must first come to a clear understanding.

Is ..... line clear for ..... *

..... line is clear for ..... *

* .... . train entering section

* .... . train out of section

Description ofthe line to begiven; forexampleup ordown, main,fast, slow orgoods

* Description oftrain to be given

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4 OBSTRUCTION OF THE LINE

4.1 Trains to be stopped

4.1.1 If it is necessary to stop trains because of an obstruc-tion of the line or other emergency, the Signalman must placeor maintain the necessary signals at danger to protect the line

affected.

4.1.2 Where the obstruction is within the overlap of theprotecting signal, the signal next in rear which can be con-trolled to Danger must also be placed and maintained at Dangerunless facing points can be set for a route which is clear of theaffected section.

4.1.3 The Signalman must also place or maintain a release/acceptance switch (where provided) in the normal position.

4.1.4 The Driver of any train detained at a signal in rear of theaffected section must be instructed to remain at the signal andnot to proceed until permission is given by the Signalman even

if the signal clears.4.1.5 A train must not be allowed to proceed into theaffected section until the line is again clear and safe the for thepassage of trains unless it is necessary to:

(a) examine the line in accordance with regulation 9or

(b) allow a train to proceed in accordance with Regula-tion 10 or

(c) work to and from the point of obstruction or

(d) serve an intermediate station or siding where thiscan be done safely or

(e) allow a train to pass through a diverging juncti on

before reaching the obstruction

4.2 Where another Signalman involved

4.2.1 If the signal which will protect the affected section iscontrolled by another Signalman, he must be immediatelyadvised of the circumstances. Where this Signalman is inanother box, the Emergency alarm signal must first be sent.

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4.2.2 The Signalmen receiving advice of the emergencymust immediately act in accordance with clause 4.1 and advisethe Signalman from whom advice was received whether hehas stopped a train which was proceeding towards theaffected section.

4.2.3 Where more than one Signalman is involved, a clear

understanding must be reached between them beforecomply-ing with clause 4.1.5.

4.3 Signalman unable to stop train

If the Signalman is unable to stop a train proceedinginto an affected section, he must comply with Regulation 6.

4.4 Animals and minor obstacles

4.4.1 If the Signalman becomes aware that animals likelyto cause an obstruction, or minor obstacles are on the line,or that a cow, bull or other large animal is within theboundary fence, he must arrange for the line to be cleared.

4.4.2 The Signalman need not comply with clause 4.1 but,until the line is cleared, he must stop each train required toproceed over the affected portion of line, inform the Driver ofthe circumstances and instruct him to proceed cautiously. Ifthere is a tunnel which may be affected the Driver must beinstructed that although his train may proceed it must notenter the tunnel until it has been ascertained that the tunnelis clear.

4.4.3 If any signal controlling the entrance to the sectionconcerned is controlled by another Signalman, he must beinformed of the circumstances and he must carry out theprovisions of clause 4.4.2.

5 STOP AND EXAMINE TRAIN

5.1 If the Signalman becomes aware of anything unusualaffecting a train such as signals of alarm, an insecure load, avehicle on fire, a hot axle box, a door open or other mishap(except a train divided, train or vehicle running away, or taillamp out or missing, for which see Regulations 6 or 8) hemust:

(a) stop the train and have it examined and dealtwith as necessary.

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(b) stop trains on any adjacent line from proceedingpast the train concerned

(c) stop trains proceeding on the same or any otherline over the affected portion of route

5.2 If the Signalman is unable to stop the train

concerned before it enters the area controlled by anotherSignalman, the latter must be immediately advised of thecircumstances. Where the Signalman is in another box, theEmergency alarm signal must first be sent.

5.3 If the train concerned has stopped and it isconfirmed that no other line is obstructed, the Signalman mayallow normal working to be resumed on such line but theDriver of any train stopped must be told of thecircumstances. If, however, nothing can be found wrong withthe train the Driver of the first train to travel over theaffected portion of route on an y line must be informed of thecircumstances, instructed to proceed cautiously and report ata signal ahead.

5.4 If the train concerned has stopped but it is notpossible to deal with it, it must then proceed to a point whereit can be dealt with, provided this can be done safely. Thetrain must not be allowed to pass, or be passed by a train onan adjacent line unless it has been established that this canbe done with safety.

5.5 If this Regulation is applied because of an open dooron a passenger train, trains running on the same or adjacentline over the affected portion of route need not be detained toawait evidence that the line is not obstructed but the firsttrain on each line must be stopped, the Driver informed of the

circum-stances and instructed to proceed cautiously keepinga good lookout over the affected portion of route. If definiteinfor-mation is received that a passenger has fallen from atrain, the Signalman must act in accordance with Regulation9.

5.6 Where more than one Signalman is involved a clearunderstanding must be reached between them as to theaction to be taken.

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6 TRAIN DIVIDED, OR TRAIN OR VEHICLERUNNING AWAY

6.1 If the Signalman becomes aware or suspects that atrain is running in two or more portions, or that a train orvehicle is running away or proceeding without authority hemust:

(a) place or maintain at Danger the signals for anyline which may be affected in order to stop anyother train which may be endangered

(b) place or maintain the signals at Danger againstthe divided train or runaway train or vehicleexcept as shown below

(c) take all practicable steps to avoid a collision,such as allowing the front portion to proceed ona line which is clear, or divert either portion of adivided train or a runaway train or vehicle to asiding or another line which is clear

6.2 If the rear portion of a divided train or a runaway

train or vehicle has come to a stand intact, and it isestablished that no other line is affected, normal working maybe resumed on the other lines but the first train to pass overany adjacent line must be stopped, the Driver informed of thecircumstances and instructed to proceed cautiously over theaffected portion of route. If confirmation cannot be obtainedthat the adjacent line is clear, the section must be examinedin accordance with Regulation 9.

6.3 If it is necessary to remove from a running line therear portion of a divided train, or a train or vehicle which hasrun away, this must be done in accordance with Regulation10.

6.4 The first train to follow a portion of a divided train, ora train or vehicle which has run away, must not be allowed toproceed until the Signalman is satisfied that the line on whichthe train is required to run is clear. The train must bestopped, the Driver informed of the circumstances andinstructed to proceed cautiously over the affected portion ofline.

6.5 If a portion of a divided train, or a train or vehicle whichhas run away, or a train proceeding without authority will entera section controlled by another Signalman he must be immedi-

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ately advised. Where the Signalman is in another box, theEmergency alarm signal must first be sent.

7 TRAIN AN UNUSUALLY LONG TIME IN

SECTION7.1 If an unusual time elapses between a train passing onestop signal and reaching the next stop signal, the Signalmanmust try to ascertain the cause. If necessary he must stop thefirst train proceeding on any other line in the same or oppositedirection, inform the Driver of the circumstances and instructhim to proceed cautiously over the portion of route concerned.

7.2 During fog or falling snow or if there is a tunnel in thesection, the Signalman must stop any train from proceeding,except as provided for in Regulation 9, until it has beenascertained that the line is clear.

7.3 If any signal controlling the entrance to the sectionconcerned is controlled by another Signalman, he must beinformed of the circumstances and he must carry out theseprovisions.

8 TRAIN WITHOUT TAIL LA MP

8.1 Where practicable, the Signalman must observeeach train and ensure that it is comple with tail lamp.

8.2 If the Signalman becomes aware that the tail lamp ismissing or unlit, he must establish whether the train is com-plete. If the train enters the area controlled by another

Signal-man before this can be established, he must advisethat Signalman.

9 EXAMINATION OF LINE

9.1 Conditions

9.1.1 If it is necessary in accordance with Regulations 4,5, 6, 7 or 11 to ascertain whether a line or lines are clear, theSignalman may allow a train to travel on any line in the right

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direction (either direction on a single or bi-directional line)for this purpose subject to the following conditi ons:

(a) where two Signalman are involved, they mustreach a clear understanding as to what isrequired

(b) the Signalman must be satisfied that the last

train signalled has passed clear of the overlapof the signal beyond the affected portion of lineand that, on a single or a bi-directional line, nomovement has been authorised in the oppositedirection

(c) during fog or falling snow a train conveyingpas-sengers must not be used

(d) where there is a tunnel in the affected section,a train conveying passengers must not beallowed to enter the tunnel unless the tunnel isnot affected or it has been established that thetunnel is clear, if necessary by a member of thetraincrew walking through

(e) the Driver must be accompanied by the Guardor other employee during darkness, fog orfalling snow or when in a tunnel unless it isilluminated

9.1.2 A train must not be allowed to pass over a portionof line affected by a subsidence or suspected damage to astructure above or beneath the railway unless theSignalman has obtained an assurance from a competentEngineering Department employee that the line appearssafe for the pas-sage of trains even if only at reducedspeed.

9.1.3 If, however, a bridge strike has occurred, the instruc-tions in the Rule Book Appendix 1 must be observed.

9.2 Method of wor k ing

9.2.1 The Driver must be informed of the circumstances,instructed to proceed cautiously over the affected portion ofline, prepared to stop short of any obstruction and to reportat the next signal ahead or as otherwise advised. If there isa possibility of a derailment at catch points, the Driver mustbe instructed to stop short of the location of the catchpoints and not to proceed until satisfied that the line in thevicinity is not obstructed.

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9.2.2 After the examining train has entered the affectedsection, no other train must be allowed to proceed on thesame or any adjacent line until a report has been receivedstating which lines are safe for the passage of trains.

9.3 Procedure for track circuit failures

9.3.1 If a track circuit fails to clear after the passage of atrain, or otherwise shows occupied, the Signalman mustensure that the previous train has passed clear of it. Unless ithas been established that the line is clear, the Signalman mustarrange for the line to be examined in accordance with clauses9.1 and 9.2 except that:

(a) in all weathers any class of train may be usedexcept as shown in clause (e)

(b) the Driver need not be accompanied

(c) the Driver must be instructed to pass the signalheld at Danger

(d) when a train will pass over an adjacent linebefo re one passes over the affected line, thetrain must be signalled normally. The Signalmanmust stop the train, advise the Driver of thecircumstances and instruct him that he mustproceed cautiously and report the state of theaffected line

(e) where any portion of the track circuit is within atunnel, any class of train may be allowed toenter the tunnel on the unaffected line, inaccordance with clause (d), provided theSignalman is satisfied that the previous train onthat line has passed clear of the tunnel. If theDriver of this train reports that the affectedportion of line appears to be clear, the first trainrequired to proceed over the affected line may beallowed to enter the tunnel. If, however, the first

train required to proceed over the affected line isnot waiting to enter the tunnel, normal workingmay be resumed on the unaffected line untilthat train is ready to proceed.

The Driver of the first train over the affected linemust be instructed to pass the signal held atDanger, proceed with extreme caution at notmore than 10 m.p.h. over the affected portion ofline, and to report the state of the line to theSignalman. If, however, a train has to pass overthe affected line before the section can beexamined by a train

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on the unaffected line, a passenger train mustnot be used unless it can be established that thetunnel is clear, if necessary by a member of thetraincrew walking through.

9.3.2 If it is established that the line is clear, the trackcircuit concerned must be considered as having failed and thepro-visions of Regulation 11, clause 11.4 or 11.5, asappropriate, must be applied for following trains.

9.4 Suspected track defect

If, following examination of a line due to asuspected track defect, it is reported that the line appearssafe for the passage of trains, normal working may beresumed on the unaffected line. If the examination iscarried out by a train on the unaffected line, the Driver of thefirst train over the affected line must be instructed to proceedcautiously over the affected portion of line, and to report thestate of the line to the Signalman. After the examining trainhas entered the affected section, no other train must beallowed to proceed on the same or any adjacent line until this

report has been received. Until the affected portion of linehas been examined and confirmed to be safe by a competentemployee of the Civil Engineering Depart-ment, allsubsequent trains on that line must be stopped, the Driversinformed of the circumstances and instructed to pro-ceedcautiously over the affected portion of line.

10 ADMISSION OF TRAIN TO ANOBSTRUCTED SECTION

10.1 Before a train enters the obstruc ted section

10.1.1 Before the Signalman allows a train to enter an

obstructed section for the purpose of proceeding to anobstruc-tion or to assist a disable train, he must have a clearunder-standing of the location of the obstruction or disabledtrain.

10.1.2 The provisions of the Rule Book, Section M, clause3.2 must be observed.

10.1.3 If there is a tunnel in the section, any trainproceeding on an adjoining line must, if practicable, bestopped and the Driver instructed to travel cautiouslythrough the tunnel unless it is know that the tunnel is clear.

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10.1.4 If he can obtain an assurance that the disabled trainwill not be moved, the Signalman may allow the overlap ofthe stop signal immediately in advance of the disabled trainto be occupied or fouled until the assisting train is ready topass the signal protecting the obstructed section.

10.2 When line is again c learWhen the line is again clear, the Driver of the next

train to pass over the line concerned must be informed of thecircumstances and instructed to proceed cautiously over theaffected portion of line.

10.3 Advice to any other SignalmanIf another Signalman is involved, he must be advised

of the circumstances and a clear understanding must bereached on the action to be taken. If an assisted train is tocontinue into a section controlled by another Signalman, hemust be advised that the train is being assisted and by whatmeans.

11 FAIL URE OF SIGNALL ING EQUIPMENT

11.1 General

During a failure or disconnection of signalling equip-ment , as shown in this Regulation, the followingarrangements must be observed.

11.2 Failure of train describer and bells11.2.1 If the train describer equipment fails, the Signalmanmust endeavour to maintain a record of the identity of thetrains with in his area.

11.2.2 If a train enters the area controlled by anotherSignal-man, he must be advised of the identity of the train.Where this Signalman is in another box, the train must bedescribed by telephone or bell.

11.2.3 If it is not possible to pass forward a train description,trains may be allowed to proceed and the signals must beoperated in the normal manner, provided the signalling equip-ment is in order. Where the Signalmen at adjoining boxes on a

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single line are unable to communicate directly but the signallingequipment is working normally, the Signalmen must use anyother means available to establish the order in which trains willproceed over the single line.

11.2.4 If the Signalman becomes aware of a train within hiscontrol area for which a description has not been received, hemust, if necessary, stop the train to ascertain its identity.

11.3 Failure of signals

If the Signalman is unable to clear a signal because offailure and all track circuits in respect of the signalconcerned are indicating correctly, he may authorise theDriver of a train to pass the signal concerned at Dangerprovided:

(a) the last train authorised to proceed into thesection has passed clear of it

(b) no conflicting movement has been authorised

(c) the provisions of the Rule Book, Section E,

clause 3.1 have been complied with(d) the Driver has been advised of the

circumstances, informed that all track circuits arefunctioning normally and instructed to proceed inaccordance with the Rule Book, Section D tothe next stop signal

(e) where two Signalmen are involved, a clear under-standing is reached between them as to what isto be done

additionally, in the case of a single line:

(f) any acceptance or directional switch is operatedin accordance with Regulation 3, clause 3.2 as if

the signal is working normally(g) where the single line is controlled from one box, arecord is maintained of the time each train isauthorised to pass the signal at Danger

(h) where the single line is controlled from twoboxes, trains are signalled in accordance withRegulation 3, clause 3.5 and all bell signals ortelephone messages are recorded

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11.4 Failure of track circuits double lines11.4.1 If a track circuit fails to clear after the passage of atrain or otherwise shows occupied, the provisions ofRegulation 9, clause 9.3 must be observed.

11.4.2 If it is reported that the affected line is clear, the

Driver of each train requiring to pass over the affected lineduring the failure may be authorised to pass the signalconcerned at Danger, provided one of the followingarrangements has been introduced:

(a) the Signalman is able to ascertain that theportion of line concerned is clear after thepassage of each train or a competent person hasbeen appointed to report the state of the line inaccordance with the Rule Book, Section E,clause 332

(b) the Driver of the train has been stopped, advisedof the circumstances and instructed to proceed inaccordance with the Rule Book, Section D. The

Signalman must, before authorising each Driverto proceed, observe that the previous train hasoccu-pied and cleared the track circuit ahead ofthe signal beyond the affected portion of track

(c) working has been instituted in accordance withRegulation 3, clause 3.5

11.5 Failure of track circu its

ASingle l ines 11.5.1 If a track circuit fails to clear after the passage of atrain or other wise shows occupied, the provisions ofRegulation 9, clause 9.3 must be observed and Working by

Pilotman must be introduced except where otherwise speciallyauthorised by the designated Operations Officer.

11.5.2 If the Signalman is unable to establish that a trainleaving the affected portion of line is complete with tail lamp,the Pilotman must be informed and he will accompany everytrain.

11.5.3 Where two signal boxes are involved trains must besignalled in accordance with Regulation 3, clause 3.5. If,however, there is not communication available between the two

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boxes, the Pilotman must be informed and he will accompanyevery train.

BBi-directional lines11.5.4 If a track circuit fails to clear after the passage of atrain or otherwise shows occupied, the provisions of clause11.4 of this Regulation 11 must be observed and trains must

work in one direction only. If it is necessary to make amovement in the other direction, Working by Pilotman must beintroduced.

11.6 Failure of indications

11.6.1 If it can be established that an apparent failure ofsignalling equipment is a failure of signal, point or trackcircuit indications only and, when cleared (or in the case ofan automatic signal, when the line ahead is clear), thesignal(s) exhibit the correct proceed aspect andindicat ion of route (where appropriate), trains may beallowed to proceed normally provided there is no i ndication ofa failure of an electronic link unless advised by theTechnician that the fault only exists in the fault indicationcircuit and t hat the operating indications can be relied upon.

11.6.2 If, however, a track circuit fails to clear after thepassage of a train or otherwise shows occupied, theSignalman must, before assuming that only the indicationshave failed, ensure that:

(a) the last train through the section has passedclear complete with tail lamp

(b) the Driver of the next train is instructed toproceed cautiously, when the signal is cleared,and report the aspect exhibited at each signalconcerned

(c) it is then confirmed that each signal hasexhibited the correct aspect (including theappropriate indi-cation of route)

11.6.3 Where there is more than one route, the above pro-cedures must be applied in respect of each route affected.

11.7 Extensive fai lure or discon nect ion of s ign al l ingequipment

11.7.1 If there is an extensive failure of disconnection ofsignalling equipment and it is necessary to authorise theDriver of a train to pass two or more consecutive stop signals(normally capable of exhibiting a main aspect) at a t ime on a

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double line, Temporary Block Working must be introduced. ATemporary Block Working ticket must be issued to the Driver ofeach train concerned.

11.7.2 When Temporary Block Working is necessary, thismust be authorised by the Area Manager. He will appoint a

competent person (not below Supervisory grade) to take chargeof the arrangements. Temporary Block Working must notcontinue for more than 24 hours unless specially authorised bythe designated Operations Officer.

11.7.3 Temporary Block Working must apply between a signalwhich must be maintained at Danger in rear of the sectionconcerned and a signal which can be placed to Danger aheadof that section. The line over which Temporary Block Working isto apply may be divided into two or more sections and suchworking must be introduced over each section between signalsat strategic locations dividing the sections.

11.7.4 A Handsignalman must be positioned at the signalcontrolling entrance to thesection and communication must beavailable between him and the Signalman. The Handsignalmanmust be instructed to complete a Temporary Block Workingticket and, after giving him the necessary instructions, hand thisto the Driver of each train which is required to proceed throughthe section. Where there is more than one locomotive, theHandsignalman is required to show the ticket to each Driverand give it to the Driver of the leading locomotive. When thearrangements have not been published, the Handsignalmanmust also give details of the Temporary Block Working to theGuard (where provided).

11.7.5 Before instructing the Handsignalman to issue a ticket authorising the

Driver to proceed, the Signalman must be satisfied that:

(a) the line is clear and the ticket conveyed by the Driver of the previous train

through the section during Temporary Block Working has been received by the

person at the end of the section (as shown in clause 11.7.6).

(b) all points have been secured in accordance with the provisions of Rule

Book, Section D, clause 3.2. During Temporary Block Working points may be sec ured

in accordance with the provisions of Rule Book A ppendix 15.

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(c) the provisions of Regulation 3, clause 3.5 havebeen observed where working between morethan one signal box.

11.7.6 A Handsignalman must be provided at the signal atthe end of the section and communication must be availablebetween him and the Signalman. The Handsignalman must

be instructed to:(a) exhibit a hand Danger signal to the Driver of

each approaching train until the train hasstopped and maintain one detonator on the lineto which the signal applies

(b) collect the Temporary Block Working ticketfrom the Driver of each train to arrive at thissignal and advise the Signalman when this hasbeen done, giving him the details of the TrainReporting Num-ber shown on the ticket

(c) remove the detonator from the rail and instructthe Driver to obey the signal when cleared

(d) advise the Signalman when the train concerned

has passed complete with tail lamp 200 yards(or 200 metres) beyond this signal

NOTE: If it is necessary for this signal to be maintained atDanger and for a Handsignalman to be appointedthere (for example, when Temporary Block Workingalso applies in the section ahead of that signal), theHandsig-nalman must be instructed to undertakethese duties except that in clause (c) the signal willnot be cleared.

11.7.7 The Signalman must arrange to maintain at Dangerthe signal at the entrance to the section in which TemporaryBlock Working applies. Where necessary, he must obtain anassur-ance from the Handsignalman that this signal has been

placed to Danger by a signal post replacement switch and willbe so maintained until Temporary Block Working is withdrawn.The signal at the end of the section must not be cleared for atrain to proceed until the Signalman has been advised by theHandsignalman that signal that he has recovered from theDriver the Temporary Block Working ticket for the trainconcerned.

11.7.8 A Temporary Block Working ticket must not be issuedif a movement is required to enter the section to assist adisabled train or to clear a portion of a divided train, but a clear

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understanding must be reached with the Driver as to i tsposition and what is required.

11.7.9 If there is an extensive failure or disconnection ofsignalling equipment affecting a single line, Working byPilot-man in accordance with clause 11.5 must be introducedexcept where otherwise specially authorised by thedesignated Oper-ations Officer.

11.7.10 The Signalman must record the time that theHandsig-nalman is authorised to issue a ticket for the trainto enter the section and the time confirmation is receivedfrom the Handsignalman at the end of the section, completewith tail lamp, has passed clear of the sect ion.

11.8 Failure of an electronic l ink

During a failure of an electronic link between thesignal box and an interlocking, reliance must not be placed onthe indications in the signal box for the equipment in the areaconcerned.

11.9 Overr ide cont r o ls

11.9.1 Before operating the switch to an override position,the Signalman must ensure that:

(a) any train not proceeding on the pre-determinedroute has passed clear of the area or has beenbrought to a stand, if necessary by placing theswitch to SIGNALS ON

(b) any release button/switch released at the timeof failure has been restored

(c) all individual point switches are in the central

position11.9.2 If it is necessary for a train to proceed on a routefor which override facilities are not provided, the Signalmanmust arrange for a competent person to operate the pointsmanually in accordance with the provisions of the RuleBook, Section D. Before author ising the points to bemoved, he must place the switch to SIGNALS ON andwait 4 minutes unless he can establ ish that any trainwithin the pre-determined route is at a stand or haspassed clear of the route concerned. The switch must bemai nta ine d a t SIGNALS ON until the movement

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has been completed and the points restored for the pre-determined route.

11.9.3 Where override switches are provided at remoteloca-tions the Signalman must arrange for a responsibleperson to operate the switch under his instructions.

12 SINGLE LINE WORKING

12.1 Mode of signalling

12.1.1 The Pilotman must be present where the train is toenter the single line.

12.1.2 Trains in the right direction may be signallednormally over the single line. Before the Signalman clearsthe signal controlling the entrance to the single line, hemust ensure that the Pilotman has given the necessaryinstructions to the Driver.

12.1.3 Trains in the wrong direction may enter the single

line provided the line is clear to and including 200 yards (or200 metres) beyond the Handsignalman opposite the signalprotect-ing the crossover at t he other end of the s ingle line.

12.1.4 Trains in the wrong direction may pass theHandsignal-man at the end of the single line provided thecrossover is secured in the correct positi on and:

(a ) i f i t is a t ra i l ing crossover , the line is clear toand including the overlap of the next signalbeyond the crossover

(b ) i f i t is a facing crossover, the Driver isinstructed to draw forward and then set backthrough the cross-over and the necessary

signals have been placed to Danger to protectthe movement. The Hand-signalman must bereminded to ensure that the Driver clearlyunderstands what is required before authorityis given to draw forward.

12.1.5 Where authorised by the designated OperationsOffi-cer, the single line section may be divided into twosections for controlling movements in the wrong direction;an intermediate Handsignalman must be appointed asshown in the Signal-man's Special Instructions.

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Trains in the wrong direction may then enter the singleline provided the line is clear to and including 200 yards (or 200metres) beyond the Intermediate Handsignalman; they may beallowed to pass that Handsignalman provided the line is clearto and including 200 yards (or 200 metres) beyond the Hand-signalman at the end of the single line.

12.2 Crossovers worked from a ground f rame

Unless the signals protecting the crossover areindivid-ually and directly controlled from the signal box, theSignalman must instruct the person operating the groundframe to main-tain the release in the "released" positionduring Single Line Working. Movements in each directionmust be authorised to pass the signals at Danger.

12.3 Crossovers worked from dif ferent signal boxes

12.3.1 Where the crossovers at the ends of the single linesection are worked from different signal boxes, trains in theright direction must be described by the normal method

where possible. Otherwise, telephone or bell must be used.

12.3.2 Trains in the wrong direction must be signalled inaccordance with Regulation 3, clause 3.5.

12.4 Recording in Train Register

The Signalman must record the times that trainsenter and leave the single line (or each part of the single linewhen split as shown in clause 12.1.5) whether or not bookingis normally done.

13 OPENING OR CLOSING OF SIGNALBOXES

13.1 Opening

The Signalman must ascertain whether the adjacentboxes are open and advise the Signalmen that his box isopen.

13.2 Closing

When all train movements have ceased and all con-trolled signals are at Danger in the area supervised by his box,the Signalman must advise the Signalmen in the adjacent boxesthat his box is closed.

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