G. Baumgarten, J. Chau. J. Fiedler, J. Hildebrand, F.-J. Lübken, G. … · 2018-04-03 · Feb. 12,...
Transcript of G. Baumgarten, J. Chau. J. Fiedler, J. Hildebrand, F.-J. Lübken, G. … · 2018-04-03 · Feb. 12,...
Feb. 12, 2015 Baumgarten et al. 1
ALOMAR
ALOVAL-IAP: Doppler Lidar and Radar observations
G. Baumgarten, J. Chau. J. Fiedler, J. Hildebrand, F.-J. Lübken, G. Stober
Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsKühlungsborn, Germany
Feb. 12, 2015 Baumgarten et al. 2Wie misst man Wind in der Mittleren Atmosphäre / IAP Kuratorium 28.10.2009Baumgarten et al.
Doppler-Wind Lidar: Doppler-Wind Lidar: • Temperature: hydrostatic, rot. Raman Temperature: hydrostatic, rot. Raman • Wind: direct detection of Doppler shift Wind: direct detection of Doppler shift
((//<10<10-7-7))using single edge techniqueusing single edge technique
• Laser power:Laser power: 2 x 150 MW peak2 x 150 MW peak• Telescopes:Telescopes: 2 x ø=1.8 m2 x ø=1.8 m• FOV: 96 µrad FOV: 96 µrad
Doppler wind (twin) lidar: to get Doppler wind (twin) lidar: to get both components of the horizontal windboth components of the horizontal wind
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Why wind measurements by lidar?● to understand dynamics, e.g. propagation of waves● no measurements by radar, balloon or satellites
between 40 and 70 km● rockets allow for sporadic measurements
Wind measurement methods at ALOMAR69°N/16°E
Waves in the mesosphere play an important role:On scales from a few km to
a few 1000 km
The waves are seen in wind perturbations, affected by the wind
and excited in the Troposphere.
→ ADM/Aeolus
Where do waves above ALOMAR originate?
Using 4d fields of
T, U, V
„wave free Atmosphere“
ECMWF T213
GROGRAT period > 3h 2013-12-06
What could we gain fromAeolus for improved understanding of the mesosphere:
GW source amplitudes and locations
Improved model winds in The upper troposphere lower stratosphere
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DoRIS: Doppler Rayleigh Iodine Spectrometer
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Cabannes (Rayleigh) linefiltered through I2-vapour cell
Wind Temperatur
Single edge technique, allowing simultaneous wind, temperature and aerosol retrieval (+Raman)
Signal depends on wind and temperature
Baumgarten, AMT, 2010
Hildebrand et al., 2012
80 km
20 km
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lidar meanlidar hourlyradarECMWFHWM07
Disturbed profiles in wind / temperature
Exceptional vortex dynamics observable simultaneously in temperature and wind.…sometimes more pronounced in temperature or wind
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How to validate the lidar ?
Wind measurments with “starute” (Stable retardation paracute)e.g. Schmidlin, 1986carried by superloki rockets
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DoRIS day validation: lidar vs. rocketWADIS Campaign, June, 2013
rocketlidarSaura radarECMWF model
….11 Superloki / Starutes
Daytime!
Stanev, Diploma, 2014
~20 km separation
<2 km separation
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January 21/23, 2012: ECMWF 30 mbar wind70 m/s
Using:- hodograph, - background T,U,V - temporal evolution
Wave at z~50kmPobs= 17hPint= 8 hj=20°lh=1100 kmlh(doppler)=1400 km
Wave at z~60kmPobs= 9.5 hPint= 8.1 hj=53°lh=550 km
Filter:dt= 2 h .. 24 hdz> 2 km
50h
persistent wave signatures
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But measurements in the lower atmosphere?
Since 2007 we have prepared the instrument for Aeolus validation:
● additional channels for troposphere installed● Initial data retrieval algorithms implemented
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 505
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Wind speed(m/s)
Alti
tud
e(km
)
Radiosonde-NWTRadar-NWT
ECMWF-NWTLidar-NWT
Time-30.06. 2100--2400 Radiosonde:300613_2011ECMWF:A130701.00
Aerosols not taken into account
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Recent example – near realtime proceasing
January 20, 2015
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October 8, 2014 23:00 CET
ALOMAR RMR-Lidar:30 second data - online display
rot. Raman 529/530vib Raman 387, 608, 660
elastic 355/532/1064DoRIS 532total: 17 channels
Rayleigh lidar IAP Kborn:355, 387, 529, 530, 532, 608, 660, 1064
Most sensitive channels(532 nm) measure above >40 km
~1000 h of observations / year
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Low altitude channels
532 nm
1064 nm
355 nm
day and nighttime neededDue to high latitude daytime conditionsMay to August
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Radar observations
(limited to) VHF 53 MHz→ OSWINII→ MAARSY
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SpecificationFrequency 53.5 MHzTransceiver-modules 433Power ~866 kW
Antennas 433 3-element (crossed)
Yagi Antennas
Gain 33.7 dBiAperture ~6300 m2
Beam width 3.6°Beam steering capabilities freely steerable with 35°
off-zenith Receiver channels 16
Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System-MAARSY
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Example Dec. 2013
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• strong upward and downward motion due to mountains
12/02/15
MAARSY vertical wind measurement
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Which locations to use?
IAPALOMAR
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We provide ● Doppler lidar and radar measurements, flexible instrument configurations.
● Knowlegde of development, operation and validation
We will ● Perform co-located measurements and statistical comparisons
● Define detailed instrument configurations about 6 months before E1
● likely use VHF radar winds at other high latitudes, e.g. 69S